,:AT IS ,DEMOCRACY8 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,GELD]LOOS 

,TEXT 3 

#a4 

,WE >E TOLD WE LIVE 9 ! RI*E/ & MO/ DEMOCRATIC C\NTRY 9 ! WORLD4 ,\R RI<TS 9CLUDE FRE$OM ( SPEE* & RELIGION1 & FRE$OM TO VOTE = \R LEAD]S4 ,\R C\NTRY POSSESSES MORE WEAL? ?AN ANY O!R -- MORE WEAL? 9 FACT ?AN MU* ( ! RE/ ( ! WORLD COMB9$4 ,ON ,T,V & 9 REAL LIFE1 WE SEE ,AM]ICANS ) HUGE H\SES1 EXP5SIVE C>S1 PL5TY ( /ATE-(-!->T GADGETS1 & MEMB]%IPS TO GOLF C\RSES OR SKI RESORTS4 

,BUT WE ALL KN[ ?AT ?IS IS NOT ! :OLE PICTURE4 ,IT IS MORE LIKE AN ADV]TISEM5T4 ,?\< \R NEI<BORHOODS >E SEGREGAT$1 RI* FROM POOR2 :ITE FROM BLACK1 LAT9O1 & ,NATIVE ,AM]ICAN1 FEW PEOPLE >E UNAW>E ?AT MO/ ,AM]ICANS DO NOT LIVE LIKE ! PEOPLE ON TELEVIS$ SITCOMS4 ,PEOPLE LIV+ 9 WEAL?Y SUBURBS (T5 5C\NT] POV]TY 9 ! CITIES :]E !Y WORK = V>I\S CORPORATIONS & GOV]NM5T BUREAUS4 ,PEOPLE LIV+ 9 IMPOV]I%$ >EAS >E (T5 =C$ TO TRAVEL \T TO ! SUBURBS TO WORK S]V+ C(FEE TO RI*1 :ITE PEOPLE4 

,:E!R ! ECONOMY IS DO+ 0GOOD0 OR 0BAD10 MILLIONS ( PEOPLE >E UNEMPLOY$1 & UNABLE TO SELL !MSELVES = MONEY TO BUY ! ?+S !Y NE$4 ,MANY ( ! PEOPLE :O >E EMPLOY$ WORK =TY1 SIXTY1 EI<TY H\RS A WEEK1 9 GRUEL+1 DANG]\S1 UNHEAL?Y1 DEMEAN+ JOBS JU/ TO PAY = A PLACE TO LIVE1 CLO!S TO WE>1 FOOD TO EAT1 & M$IC9E1 = !MSELVES & !IR FAMILY4 ,MEAN:ILE1 !IR BOSSES1 :OSE JOBS >E EASI] & SAF]1 MAKE TWICE AS MU* MONEY1 & ! PEOPLE :O SIT ON ! BO>DS ( ! CORPORATIONS DO NO WORK & MAKE MILLIONS4 ,PEOPLE >E TURN$ AWAY FROM HOSPITALS EV5 9 EM]G5CIES1 D5I$ M$ICAL C>E BECAUSE !Y CANNOT AF=D 9SURANCE1 EV5 :ILE 9SURANCE COMPANIES MAKE HUNDR$S ( MILLIONS ( DOLL>S1 OV]*>G+ PEOPLE & TRY+ TO WEASEL \T ( PAY+ = M$ICAL PROC$URES !Y DEEM 0NON-ESS5TIAL40 

,9 ?IS C\NTRY ( PL5TY1 PEOPLE SLEEP ON ! /REETS1 DY+ 9 ! W9T] COLD OR ! SUMM] HEAT1 :ILE L&LORDS HOLD ONTO VACANT UNITS1 WAIT+ = ! PRICE TO GO UP4 ,& ! POLICE CLE>LY HAVE NO PROBLEM ) BEAT+ OR JAIL+ HOMELESS PEOPLE :O SQUAT 9 VACANT AP>TM5TS4 ,:Y DOES A L>GE PORTION ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES LIVE 9 POV]TY1 :ILE O!RS HAVE MORE MONEY ?AN !Y C\LD EV] USE8 

,POV]TY IS NOT \R ONLY PROBLEM4 ,EV]Y DAY1 RACI/ POLICE BEAT OR %OOT PEOPLE ( COLOR1 & MILLIONS ( PEOPLE1 ESPECIALLY BLACKS & LAT9OS1 >E ROTT+ 9 PRISON1 SUBJECT$ TO EXTREMELY LONG S5T5CES & HORRIBLE CONDITIONS = M9OR CRIMES ?AT >E (T5 H>MLESS4 ,WOM5 >E DISCRIM9AT$ AGA9/1 & (T5 FACE VIOL5CE & RAPE4 ,LESBIANS1 GAYS1 QUE] & TRANSG5D] PEOPLE ALSO FACE EXCLUSION1 H>ASSM5T1 & VIOL5CE4 ,*ILDR5 >E TREAT$ LIKE SUB-HUMANS1 )\T ANY RI<TS & =C$ TO GO TO $UCATIONAL FACTORIES 70S*OOLS07 :]E !Y >E 9DOCTR9AT$ ) MANY ( ! H>MFUL MY?S ( \R SOCIETY & TAU<T TO ACCEPT ! PROBLEMS ( \R WORLD AS 0NATURAL40 ,CORPORATIONS >E CUTT+ D[N \R =E/S1 DRIV+ PLANTS & ANIMALS TO EXT9CTION1 POISON+ ! SOIL1 ! RIV]S1 ! AIR1 & POISON+ PEOPLE TOO1 ALL 9 ! 9T]E/ ( PR(IT4 ,\R GOV]NM5T />TS W>S ?AT MANY PEOPLE OPPOSE1 & W9S OB$I5CE FROM EV]YONE ELSE BY US+ ! M$IA TO TELL LIES ?AT LEAD TO ?\S&S ( DEA?S4 

,BUT MORE C]TA9 ?AN \R AW>5ESS ( ALL !SE PROBLEMS IS \R KN[L$GE ?AT WE LIVE 9 A DEMOCRACY1 & WE CAN USE \R RI<TS1 & \R P[]S AS CITIZ5S TO MAKE ?+S RI<T4 

#b4 

,BUT :AT DOES IT MEAN TO LIVE 9 A DEMOCRACY8 ,WE >E TOLD ?AT DEMOCRACY IS DIFF]5T FROM A 0DICTATOR%IP0 9 ?AT ! CITIZ5S ( A DEMOCRACY TAKE P>T 9 DECISION-MAK+1 :]EAS 9 A DICTATOR%IP ALL DECISIONS >E MADE BY A RUL] OR SMALL GR\P ( RUL]S4 ,H[EV]1 9 DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES1 MO/ PEOPLE >E NOT MEMB]S ( ! GOV]NM5T1 & !Y DO NOT HAVE DIRECT CONTROL OV] ! DECISIONS ?AT AFFECT !IR LIVES1 BUT /ILL MU/ ABIDE BY ?OSE DECISIONS4 ,! JU/IFY+ RATIONALIZATION IS ?AT ADVANC$ HUMAN SOCIETIES CANNOT FUNCTION )\T GOV]NM5T1 & !RE=E CITIZ5S 5T] 9TO A 0CONTRACT ( ! GOV]N$40 ,!Y ASS5T TO FOLL[ ! RULES & HONOR ! DECISIONS ( ! GOV]NM5T1 & ! GOV]NM5T 9 TURN IS OBLIGAT$ TO PROTECT ITS CITIZ5S & UPHOLD ! COMMON GOOD4 

,!RE=E1 9 A DEMOCRACY1 PEOPLE :O CANNOT BECOME MEMB]S ( ! GOV]NM5T BECAUSE ( LIMIT$ GOV]NM5TAL POSITIONS CAN 9/EAD VOTE = !IR LEAD]S1 :O >E KN[N AS 0REPRES5TATIVES0 BECAUSE !Y MU/ REPRES5T ! 9T]E/S ( !IR CON/ITU5TS OR !Y WILL NOT BE REELECT$4 ,VOT+ IS ?US ! FUNDAM5TAL RI<T )9 A DEMOCRATIC /ATE1 & ! /ATE CAN ONLY BE CONSID]$ DEMOCRATIC IF ! MAJORITY ( ITS CITIZ5S >E AF=D$ ?IS RI<T4 ,! SECOND MO/ IMPORTANT RI<T IS ?AT EV]YONE MU/ HAVE ! OPPORTUNITY TO BE ELECT$ TO A GOV]NM5TAL POSITION1 TO PREV5T ! EXI/5CE ( A P]MAN5T OR H]$IT>Y ELITE4 ,! P]CEIV$ IMPOSSIBILITY ( ALL[+ EV]YONE TO P>TICIPATE EQUALLY 9 ! FUNCTIONS ( GOV]NM5T IS OV]COME BY ! ME*ANISM ( ! VOTE1 :]EBY CITIZ5S CAN EX]CISE !IR CONTROL OV] GOV]NM5T BUT M9IMIZE !IR P>TICIPATION1 BY *OOS+ LEAD]S :O1 BE+ DEP5D5T ON ELECTION1 MU/ 0S]VE0 ?OSE !Y 0LEAD40 

,! ELECT$ REPRES5TATIVES ALSO VOTE ON PROPOS$ DECISIONS1 ) A MAJORITY VOTE DECID+ ! ISSUE AT H&4 ,! PURPOSE ( MAJORIT>IAN DECISION-MAK+1 AT LEA/ ACCORD+ TO ! MY?OLOGIES ( DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES1 IS ?AT RULE BY ! MAJORITY SOLVES ! E>LI] 9JU/ICES ( RULE BY AN ELITE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 MAJORIT>IAN RULE ?REAT5S ! RI<TS ( M9ORITY POPULATIONS1 ESPECIALLY )9 PLURALI/IC SOCIETIES4 ,TO PREV5T MOB RULE1 DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES ALSO PROVIDE LEGAL GU>ANTEES1 OR 0RI<TS10 TO ?AT SMALLE/ ( M9ORITIES1 ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,?US1 A M9ORITY GR\P MAY FREQU5TLY HAVE TO ACCEPT DECISIONS IT DOES NOT SUPPORT1 BUT AT LEA/ ! MEMB]S ( SU* A GR\P WILL ALWAYS 5JOY A GU>ANTE$ SET ( RI<TS1 SU* AS FRE$OM ( SPEE*1 RELIGION1 & PROP]TY1 TO SU/A9 !IR BASIC DIGNITY & WELL-BE+4 ,IF ANYONE'S RI<TS >E 9FR+$ UPON1 !Y HAVE ! ADDITIONAL RI<T TO FILE SUIT 9 A C\RT ( LAW & DEM& !IR RI<TS BE UPHELD4 

,TO PREV5T GOV]NM5T FROM BECOM+ DICTATORIAL1 ! DIFF]5T FUNCTIONS ( GOV]NM5T >E SEP>AT$1 & /RUCTURAL BALANCES >E CREAT$ TO 5SURE ?AT NO BRAN* ( GOV]NM5T ACCUMULATES A DISPROPORTIONATE %>E ( P[]4 ,9 A DEMOCRACY1 A POLICE =CE IS NE$$ TO PROTECT 9DIVIDUAL'S RI<TS1 P>TICUL>LY ! RI<TS TO LIFE & PROP]TY1 & 79 CONJUNCTION ) ! JUDICIAL BRAN*7 TO PUNI% ?OSE :O DO NOT RESPECT ! DECISIONS ( ! MAJORITY 7LAWS7 AS EXPRESS$ BY ! LEGISLATIVE BRAN*4 ,TO PROTECT ! SOV]EIGNTY ( ! POPULATION1 & TO DEF5D !IR PROP]TY RI<TS 9 =EIGN C\NTRIES1 A MILIT>Y IS NE$$1 ?\< TO PREV5T MILIT>Y DICTATOR%IP IT IS EXCLUD$ FROM GOV]NM5TAL DECISION-MAK+ & 5=CEM5T 79 >TICULAT+ ! LIB]AL MY?OLOGY1 WE MU/ UTT] A FEW \TRI<T FALSEHOODS1 IGNOR+ ! MANY DOME/IC BREA*ES ( POSSE COMITATUS ?R\<\T ,U4,S4 HI/ORY1 & ! CON/ANT USE ( ! MILIT>Y TO 5=CE GOV]NM5T POLICY \TSIDE \R BORD]S74 

,! F9AL ISSUE IS ONE ( ECONOMICS4 ,MANY MATT]S ( IMPORTANCE RESIDE NOT 9 ! POLITICAL SPH]E1 BUT 9 ! ECONOMIC SPH]E4 ,ACCORD+LY1 DEMOCRATIC /ATES EXI/ H& 9 H& ) FREE-M>KET ECONOMIES4 ,9 A FREE M>KET ECONOMY1 EV]YONE HAS ! RI<T 7LEGALLY GU>ANTE$ BY ! GOV]NM5T7 TO [N PROP]TY1 TO SELL !IR LABOR1 TO BUY & SELL COMMODITIES1 & TO 5JOY ! PR(ITS ( !IR LABOR & 5T]PRISES4 ,LEGALLY SPEAK+1 EV]YONE HAS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY TO SUCCE$1 & WEAL? WILL !RE=E BE DI/RIBUT$ TO ?OSE :O E>N IT1 RA!R ?AN HO>D$ 9 ! H&S ( AN ELITE4 

,?IS1 AT LEA/1 IS H[ DEMOCRACY IS SAID TO WORK1 ALMO/ EXACTLY AS SU* 9 ! MASS-PRODUC$ TEXTBOOKS S*OOL *ILDR5 >E =C$ TO READ1 & 9 OCCASIONALLY MORE ELOQU5T TAUTOLOGIES & CLI*ES :5 REGURGITAT$ BY ! LE>N$ COMM5TATORS ( NEWS M$IA & ACADEMIA4 ,ANY?+ BEYOND TOK5 ANALYSIS ( H[ \R DEMOCRATIC SY/EM ACTUALLY WORKS CONTRADICTS ! EXPLANATIONS ( LIB]AL MY?OLOGY4 

#c4 

,( C\RSE1 TO MANY PEOPLE1 ! DEMOCRATIC IDEAL IS MEAN+LESS4 ,AM]ICAN DEMOCRACY 9 P>TICUL> GOES H& 9 H& ) ! 0FREE M>KET10 :I* MEANS ?AT ! RI*1 :ITE POLITICIANS 9 ,CONGRESS & ! ,:ITE ,H\SE DO NOT PASS ANY LAW OR TAKE ANY ACTION ?AT W\LD RE/RICT ! FRE$OM ( ! RI*1 :ITE M5 9 CORPORATE BO>DROOMS & ON ,WALL ,/REET 7! POLITICIANS ( YE/]DAY & TOMORR[7 TO MAKE BILLIONS ( DOLL>S EXPLOIT+ !IR WORK]S4 ,& IT IS ?OSE WORK]S :O MAKE UP ! MAJORITY ( ! POPULATION4 ,!Y C]TA9LY DON'T HAVE ! OPPORTUNITY TO VOTE = !IR BOSSES OR TO COLLECTIVELY DECIDE ! POLICY ( ! COMPANY !Y 5RI* ) !IR LABOR4 ,IF !Y DID1 !Y MI<T VOTE TO GIVE !MSELVES A LIV+ WAGE 9/EAD ( GIV+ ! ,C,E,O ANO!R @s#a MILLION RAISE4 

,UNLESS WE BELONG TO ! RI*E/ #a.0 ( ! POPULATION ) 5\< MONEY TO BUY L&1 A FACTORY1 OR SOME O!R MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 & TO HIRE LESS =TUNATE PEOPLE TO WORK = US & MAKE US RI*1 \R ONLY REAL OPTION IS TO SELL A SIGNIFICANT PORTION ( \R LIVES TO WORK MAK+ SOMEBODY ELSE RI*4 ,WE >E C]TA9LY FREE TO *OOSE1 FROM A LIMIT$ RANGE ( OPTIONS RELAT+ TO \R ECONOMIC CLASS & $UCATION1 :I* CORPORATION TO WORK =1 BUT !Y >E ALL V]Y SIMIL>1 BECAUSE ULTIMATELY ! BOSS HOLDS P[] OV] ! WORK]1 & ! CORPORATIONS CAN EXPLOIT ! WORK]S = PR(IT1 BUT EV]Y PRACTICAL WAY ! WORK]S HAVE TO W9 A LITTLE FAIRNESS FROM ! CORPORATIONS HAS BE5 CRIM9ALIZ$4 ,EV]Y?+ 9 ?IS C\NTRY HAS AN [N]1 & EV]Y:]E WE GO1 = EV]Y?+ WE USE1 WE HAVE TO PAY R5T4 ,ALL ! ACTIVITIES NECESS>Y TO SU/A9 LIFE >E TAX$1 SO \R SURVIVAL IS DEP5D5T ON S]V+ ! WEAL?Y PEOPLE :O HAVE ! MONEY TO PAY US4 ,?AT IS :AT IS MEANT BY WAGE SLAV]Y4 ,H[ ABSURD IS IT TO TALK AB\T FRE$OM & DEMOCRACY TO SOMEONE :O WAS BORN 9 A <ETTO1 OR SOMEONE :O JU/ IMMIGRAT$ TO ESCAPE POV]TY OR P]SECUTION1 SOMEONE :O NEV] GOT ! OPPORTUNITY = A GOOD $UCATION & WORKS EI<TY H\RS A WEEK 9 GRUEL+1 DANG]\S JOB ) NO DIGNITY OR RESPECT JU/ TO AF=D PAYM5TS ON A *EAP HOVEL & A MEAG] DIET8 

,& :AT DOES DEMOCRACY MEAN TO PEOPLE ( COLOR1 :O FACE PR(IL+1 H>ASSM5T1 & VIOL5CE FROM POLICE1 HI<] RATES ( POV]TY & BLEAK] OPPORTUNITIES = $UCATION & EMPLOYM5T8 ,>E !Y TRULY SUPPOS$ TO BELIEVE ?AT ! RI* :ITE POLITICIANS C>E AB\T REPRES5T+ !IR 9T]E/S8 ,& SOCIETY IS SO US$ TO SEE+ WOM5 AS SECOND CLASS HUMAN BE+S ?AT PROBLEMS LIKE RAPE1 H>ASSM5T1 DISCRIM9ATION ON ! JOB1 & SOCIALLY 5=C$ IDEALS ( BEAUTY ?AT LEAD TO S]I\S HEAL? PROBLEMS1 >E NOT VIEW$ AS 9JU/ICES RELEVANT TO \R DEMOCRACY SO MU* AS NATURAL ASPECTS ( HUMAN EXI/5CE4 ,9 REALITY1 BOSSES & WORK]S >E NOT EQUAL1 RI* PEOPLE & POOR PEOPLE >E NOT EQUAL1 :ITE PEOPLE & PEOPLE ( COLOR >E NOT EQUAL1 M5 & WOM5 >E NOT EQUAL1 YET \R EXPECTATIONS ( DEMOCRACY >E SO L[ ?AT FEW PEOPLE CONSID] !SE 0SOCIAL PROBLEMS0 AS BE+ RELEVANT TO ! AFFAIRS ( \R GOV]NM5T4 ,ALL WE EXPECT \T ( \R DEMOCRACY IS ! RI<T TO VOTE & ! RI<T = MIDDLE CLASS :ITE PEOPLE TO BE ABLE COMPLA9 )\T BE+ P]SECUT$4 ,EXPECT+ ANY?+ MORE IS UNREALI/ICALLY IDEALI/IC1 PRECISELY BECAUSE \R GOV]NM5T HAS R>ELY DELIV]$ MORE ?AN ?OSE FEW TOK5 RI<TS4 

,SO1 \R ULTIMATE EXP]I5CE ) DEMOCRACY IS ?IS3 ONCE EV]Y FEW YE>S1 WE >E GIV5 ! OPPORTUNITY TO CA/ A VOTE = ONE ( TWO RI*1 :ITE1 ,*RI/IAN MALES1 EA* BEHOLD5 TO CORPORATE 9T]E/S1 & WE KN[ \R VOTE DOESN'T REALLY MATT]1 BUT IF WE DO P>TICIPATE IT IS G5]ALLY BECAUSE WE ?9K ONE C&IDATE WON'T SELL US \T AS QUICKLY AS ! O!R ONE4 ,& ! RE/ ( ! TIME1 ! FACT ?AT WE LIVE 9 A DEMOCRACY DOESN'T REALLY MEAN ANY?+4 ,WE'RE ALL[$ TO CRITICIZE ! POLITICIANS1 BUT COMPLA9+ DOESN'T SEEM TO *ANGE ! FACT ?AT ! SAME MOB IS 9 P[]4 ,& WE >E ALSO FREE TO COMPLA9 AB\T ! MO/ PROM95T FACET ( \R LIVES1 \R JOBS1 BUT ( C\RSE IF ! BOSSES HE> US1 !Y >E FREE TO FIRE US4 ,EV]YONE KN[S WE LIVE 9 A DEMOCRACY1 BUT 9 ! FACE ( RACISM & ECONOMIC 9EQUALITY1 FEW PEOPLE CAN SAY H[ WE >E ACTUALLY EMP[]$ UND] ?IS SY/EM ( GOV]NM5T4 

#d4 

,IT IS EASY1 H[EV]1 TO DISMISS !SE CLAIMS ( P[]LESSNESS & RECURR+ 9JU/ICE BY SIMPLY BLAM+ ! VICTIMS = BE+ TOO LAZY TO DRAG !MSELVES \T ( POV]TY1 OR TO MAKE ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS WORK = !M1 ?R\< PETITION+1 VOT+1 LETT]-WRIT+1 & ALL ! O!R READILY AVAILABLE ME?ODS1 TO CURE ! ALLEG$ 9JU/ICE4 ,( C\RSE1 IT W\LD BE MORE ?AN A LITTLE LUDICR\S = ! PRIVILEG$1 :ITE PUNDITS :O GUIDE ! NATION'S OP9IONS FROM !IR TALK %[S & OP9ION COLUMNS TO BLAME PEOPLE BORN 9 <ETTOS = NOT OV]COM+ RACISM & POV]TY IF !Y DIDN'T HAVE AT LEA/ A FEW HI/ORICAL EXAMPLES ( H[ DEMOCRACY CAN ACTUALLY WORK TO HELP PEOPLE 9 NE$4 ,BUT \R HI/ORY BOOKS >E FULL ( EXAMPLES ( OPPRESS$ GR\PS ( PEOPLE W9N+ !IR EQUALITY ?R\< ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS4 ,EV]YBODY KN[S ! /ORY ( ,M>T9 ,LU!R ,K+ & ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T1 & AS ANY GRADE-S*OOL] CAN TELL Y\1 ?IS /ORY HAS A HAPPY 5D+1 BECAUSE BLACK PEOPLE WON !IR RI<TS4 ,9 ! FACE ( AGE-OLD PREJUDICES1 ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS PREVAIL$4 ,OR DID IT8 

,9 FACT1 ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS HAD ALREADY SUCCE$$ 9 (FICIALLY DEFEAT+ RACISM WAY BACK 9 ! #a#i? C5TURY1 :5 \R GOV]NM5T GRANT$ FULL LEGAL RI<TS REG>DLESS ( RACE1 ON PAP] AT LEA/4 ,& 9 #a#i#e#d1 A FULL DECADE BE=E ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T WAS AT ITS /RONGE/1 ! ,SUPREME ,C\RT ORD]$ ! RECOGNITION ( ?OSE LEGAL RI<TS1 9 RESPONSE TO ! TIRELESS WORK1 )9 LEGAL DEMOCRATIC *ANNELS1 ( ! ,N,A,A,C,P & O!R ORGANIZATIONS4 ,BUT /ILL1 !RE WAS NO REAL *ANGE 9 ! RACE RELATIONS ( ,AM]ICA4 ,ALL ! RE=MS WON ?R\< ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS W]E SYMBOLIC4 ,IT WAS NOT UNTIL BLACK PEOPLE TOOK TO ! /REETS1 (T5 ILLEGALLY1 \TSIDE ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS1 ?AT :AT WE N[ KN[ AS ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T CAME 9TO FULL =M4 ,! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T US$ ILLEGAL ACTIVISM 70CIVIL DISOB$I5CE07 9 T&EM ) LEGAL PRESSURE ON ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS TO BR+ AB\T *ANGE1 & EV5 !N IT WAS NOT UNTIL RACE RIOTS OCCURR$ 9 NE>LY EV]Y MAJOR CITY & MORE MILITANT BLACK ORGANIZATIONS =M$ ?AT ! :ITE POLITICAL APP>ATUS />T$ COOP]AT+ ) PACIFI/1 MIDDLE-CLASS ELEM5TS ( ! MOVEM5T1 LIKE ,M>T9 ,LU!R ,K+1 ,JR4'S ,S\!RN ,*RI/IAN ,LEAD]%IP ,CONF]5CE4 

,& :AT WAS ! \TCOME ( ?AT POLITICAL COMPROMISE8 ,PEOPLE ( COLOR 9 ,AM]ICA /ILL FACE HI<] UNEMPLOYM5T1 L[] WAGES1 LESS ACCESS TO GOOD H\S+ & HEAL? C>E1 HI<] 9FANT MORTALITY1 L[] LIFE EXPECTANCY1 HI<] RATES ( 9C>C]ATION & POLICE BRUTALITY1 DISPROPORTIONATELY L[] REPRES5TATION 9 GOV]NM5T1 CORPORATE LEAD]%IP1 & ! M$IA 7EXCEPT AS VILLA9S 9 ,HOLLYWOOD OR CULPRITS ON ! ,T,V-%[ ,C,O,P,S74 ,9 FACT1 ,DR4 ,K5NE? ,CL>K1 :OSE WORK ON ! PSY*OLOGICAL EFFECTS ( SEGREGATION ON BLACK S*OOL *ILDR5 WAS 9/RUM5TAL TO ! ,BR[N V4 ,BO>D ( ,$UCATION VICTORY 9 #a#i#e#d1 /AT$ 9 #aiid ?AT ,AM]ICAN S*OOLS W]E MORE SEGREGAT$ ?AN !Y HAD BE5 =TY YE>S E>LI]4 ,:ITE SUPREMACY /ILL EXI/S 9 EV]Y >5A ( ,AM]ICAN LIFE4 

,:AT EXACTLY DID ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T A*IEVE8 ,ADVANCEM5T 9TO ! :ITE-DOM9AT$ 9/ITUTIONS HAS BE5 OP5$ UP = A V]Y SMALL NUMB] ( BLACKS1 ,LAT9OS1 & ,ASIANS1 P>TICUL>LY ?OSE :O EMBRACE ! CONS]VATIVE IDEOLOGY ( ! :ITE-SUPREMACI/ /ATUS QUO1 LIKE ,SUPREME ,C\RT ,JU/ICE ,CL>5CE ,?OMAS1 :O OPPOSES AFFIRMATIVE ACTION OR O!R LEGAL MEASURES ?AT ALLEVIATE RACIAL 9EQUALITY1 OR ,G5]AL ,COL9 ,P[ELL1 :O IS WILL+ TO BOMB PEOPLE ( COLOR 9 =EIGN C\NTRIES ) A TOTAL DISREG>D = !IR LIVES4 ,SO1 ,M>T9 ,LU!R ,K+ IS DEAD1 BUT HIS DREAM LIVES ON 9 ! DISPROPORTIONATELY SMALL H&FUL ( BLACK & ,LAT9O CONGRESSPEOPLE1 ! ONE OR TWO ,C,E,OS ( COLOR 9 ! ,=TUNE #e1 & ! OCCASIONAL TELEVISION %[ ?AT DEPICTS WELL-(F1 MIDDLE CLASS BLACK FAMILIES LIKE ! ,COSBY'S1 UNTR\BL$ BY POLICE BRUTALITY OR ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION4 

,! GOV]NM5T HAS RETA9$ ITS :ITE SUPREMACI/ *>ACT]1 & MORE IMPORTANTLY1 IT IS MORE P[]FUL N[ ?AN IT WAS BE=E ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T1 BECAUSE IT HAS L>GELY REMOV$ ! ?REAT ( RACIAL /RIFE & OPPRESSION-MOTIVAT$ UPRIS+2 A FEW TOK5 PEOPLE ( COLOR RISE TO POSITIONS ( P[]1 PROVID+ ! ILLUSION ( EQUALITY1 BUT POPULATIONS ( COLOR ON ! :OLE REMA9 A *EAP POOL ( SURPLUS LABOR TO BE US$ & ABUS$ BY ! SY/EM AS NE$$4 ,SO :5 WE CONSID] H[ ! GOV]NM5T ACTUALLY RESPOND$ TO ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T1 & :AT SORTS ( *ANGES HAVE OCCURR$ 9 \R SOCIETY AS A RESULT1 IT BECOMES APP>5T ?AT ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS WAS MORE EFFECTIVE AT RESCU+ ?OSE 9 P[] FROM A POT5TIAL EM]G5CY ?AN AT GRANT+ ANY REAL RELIEF OR MEAN+FUL LIB]ATION TO AN OPPRESS$ GR\P ( PEOPLE4 

,& IT IS NOT ONLY M9ORITY GR\PS :O >E IGNOR$ BY ! GOV]NM5T4 ,EV5 9 HI/ORICAL SITUATIONS :]E ! MAJORITY ( ! POPULATION DESIRES A *ANGE1 IT IS ! 9T]E/S ( ! WEAL?Y & P[]FUL ?AT MAKE ! DECISION4 ,BE=E ! ,REAGAN ]A1 A MAJORITY ( CITIZ5S W]E 9 FAVOR ( GOV]NM5T-PROVID$ WELF>E TO HELP 5SURE ?AT EV]YONE HAD ACCESS TO A M9IMUM ( FOOD1 H\S+1 & M$ICAL C>E4 ,!N1 OV] A P]IOD ( SEV]AL YE>S !RE WAS A CONC]T$ CAMPAIGN BY POLITICIANS & ! M$IA 7[N$ BY ! SAME CORPORATIONS ?AT W]E GETT+ ! POLITICIANS ELECT$ ?R\< MASSIVE CAMPAIGN DONATIONS71 US+ SLOGANE]+1 ADV]TISEM5TS1 MANIPULAT$ /ATI/ICS1 & SELECTIVE COV]AGE1 TO DEPICT WELF>E-RECIPI5TS AS LAZY DRUG-US]S TAK+ A FREE RIDE4 

,AFT] ?IS L>GE SCALE PROPAG&A CAMPAIGN1 A MAJORITY ( ,AM]ICANS POLL$ SAID !Y OPPOS$ 0WELF>E10 BUT CURI\SLY1 !Y /ILL REPORT$ BE+ 9 FAVOR ( A GOV]NM5T-PROVID$ SAFETY NET TO HELP 5SURE ?AT EV]YONE HAD ACCESS TO A M9IMUM ( FOOD1 H\S+1 & M$ICAL C>E4 ,! M$IA HAD PROGRAMM$ !M TO ASSOCIATE ! WORD 0WELF>E0 ) A NUMB] ( BAD ?+S1 EV5 ?\< !Y SUPPORT$ ! IDEA ( WELF>E4 ,! POLITICIANS C\LD CLAIM !Y W]E DO+ ! PEOPLE'S BIDD+ :5 !Y DISMANTL$ WELF>E 9 FAVOR ( CORPORATE PR(ITS1 BUT 9 ACTUALITY1 ! ELITE E/ABLI%M5T WORK$ V]Y H>D TO MAKE SURE ! PEOPLE BELIEV$ :AT !Y WANT$ !M TO BELIEVE4 ,! DEMOCRATIC CONS5T WAS MANUFACTUR$ FROM ABOVE4 

#e4 

,! PEOPLE ) P[] & MONEY DECIDE :I* POLITICIANS GET ELECT$4 ,A P]SON CANNOT BE NOM9AT$ AS C&IDATE TO EI!R ( ! TWO MAJOR P>TIES )\T HAV+ /RONG ALLIANCES )9 ! P>TY2 !RE=E EV5 BE=E A P]SON CAN BE CONSID]$ AS A POSSIBLE C&IDATE = ELECTION1 HE 7OR SOMETIMES %E7 HAS TO APPEAL TO ?OSE :O >E ALREADY 9 P[]4 ,& AFT] A P]SON HAS RECEIV$ ! P>TY'S NOM9ATION1 BE+ ELECT$ TO ,CONGRESS OR ! ,:ITE ,H\SE IS IMPOSSIBLE )\T A HUGE ADV]TIS+ CAMPAIGN1 :I* CO/S MILLIONS ( DOLL>S4 ,CORPORATIONS & WEAL?Y 9DIVIDUALS PROVIDE ! MAJORITY ( !SE DONATIONS1 & !Y WILL ONLY DONATE TO ! CAMPAIGNS ( C&IDATES :O PROMISE TO S]VE ! 9T]E/S ( ! WEAL?Y4 ,A POLITICIAN :O BETRAYS H] OR HIS CORPORATE BACK]S1 = 9/ANCE BY SUPPORT+ A LAW ?AT W\LD MAKE EMPLOY]S PAY !IR WORK]S A LIV+ WAGE1 WILL NOT BE REELECT$4 

,BUT EV5 MORE 9TEGRAL IS ! FACT ?AT ! M$IA COMPANIES1 :I* 9=M EV]Y P]SON'S OP9IONS & DECISIONS1 >E NOT PUBLIC 9/ITUTIONS1 BUT HUGE1 CONGLOM]AT$1 PRIVATE1 =-PR(IT 5T]TA9M5T CORPORATIONS1 :I* [N OR >E [N$ BY CORPORATIONS 9 O!R 9DU/RIES4 ,! CORPORATIONS ?AT MAKE ! PRODUCTS Y\ BUY 9 /ORES1 ?AT MAKE ! WEAPONS US$ 9 W>S1 ! C>S Y\ DRIVE1 ! GAS Y\ USE2 ! CORPORATIONS ?AT UND]PAY !IR WORK]S1 DE/ROY ! 5VIRONM5T1 POLLUTE Y\R AIR1 BUY (F Y\R POLITICAL 0REPRES5TATIVES40 ,! CORPORATION Y\ WORK =4 

,FUR!RMORE1 NEWS CORPORATIONS GET !IR MONEY FROM O!R CORPORATIONS BUY+ ADV]TISEM5TS1 & !Y WILL REPRES5T ! 9T]E/S ( ?OSE CORPORATIONS1 & !IR RI*1 :ITE ,C,E,OS1 BE=E !Y REPRES5T Y\R 9T]E/S4 ,:AT >E ! NEWS CORPORATIONS SELL+ :5 !Y SELL ADV]TIS+ SPACE8 ,!Y'RE SELL+ Y\4 ,SO Y\ BUY :AT Y\'RE TOLD1 VOTE H[ Y\'RE TOLD1 & EX]CISE ONLY ! LIMIT$ RANGE ( *OICES !Y DEEM ACCEPTABLE4 ,BECAUSE !Y >E NOT DIRECTLY CONNECT$ TO ! GOV]NM5T1 ?IS NETWORK ( CORPORATIONS 7:I* PROVIDE Y\ ) ALMO/ ALL ( Y\R 9=MATION AB\T ! WORLD7 COMPRISE ! MO/ EFFECTIVE & CR$IBLE PROPAG&A MA*9E 9 ! HI/ORY ( ! WORLD4 

,ONE F9AL1 IMPORTANT FACT IS ?AT ! PEOPLE :O CONTROL ! GOV]NM5T1 ! M$IA1 & ! CORPORATIONS >E ! SAME GR\P ( PEOPLE4 ,HI<] LEVEL POLITICIANS (T5 COME 9TO (FICE /RAI<T FROM C>E]S 9 P[]FUL CORPORATIONS1 & AFT] SUCCESSFUL C>E]S 9 ELECT$ (FICE1 0S]V+ !IR C\NTRY10 !Y USUALLY RETURN TO CORPORATE LIFE1 MAK+ EV5 MORE MONEY AS CORPORATE CONSULTANTS1 LOBBYI/S1 & EXECUTIVES4 ,! GOV]NM5T DOESN'T NE$ TO DIRECTLY CONTROL ! M$IA1 & ! CORPORATIONS DO NOT NE$ TO DIRECTLY CONTROL ! GOV]NM5T1 BECAUSE !Y >E ALL 9 ! SAME BOAT1 & !Y >E ALL S]V+ ! SAME 9T]E/S3 NAMELY1 !IR [N4 ,AFT] ALL1 ! POLITICIANS WORK = ! SAME PEOPLE AS ! NEWSCA/]S4 ,!Y W5T TO !IR IVY-LEAGUE S*OOLS TOGE!R1 !Y LIVE 9 ! SAME RI* SUBURBS & GAT$ COMMUNITIES1 & BETWE5 SESSIONS ( ,CONGRESS OR BE=E ! FILM+ ( ! NI<TLY NEWS1 !Y GO PLAY GOLF TOGE!R4 

#f4 

,:Y IS IT ?AT ! RI* & P[]FUL >E TAK5 C>E (1 :ILE EV]YONE ELSE GETS TOK5 RE=MS ?AT DO NOT SOLVE !IR UND]LY+ PROBLEMS8 ,:5 EXACTLY DID \R DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T BECOME SO CORRUPT$8 ,! ANSW] IS ACTUALLY QUITE SIMPLE4 ,IT NEV] BECAME CORRUPT$1 BECAUSE DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T HAS ALWAYS EXI/$ TO PROTECT ! 9T]E/S ( ! RI* & P[]FUL4 ,GO+ BEYOND :AT IS PREA*$ FROM ! PAGES ( PUBLIC S*OOL TEXTBOOKS1 & LOOK+ AT ! ACTUAL EVOLUTION ( DEMOCRACY1 WE F9D ?AT IT IS JU/ ANO!R =M ( GOV]NM5T ON ! HI/ORICAL CONT9UUM FROM FEUDAL K+DOMS & CON/ITUTIONAL MON>*IES4 ,DEMOCRACY IS NOT A NEW PRODUCT ( POPUL> /RUGGLE & DEM& = EQUALITY 9 ! FACE ( TYRANNY4 ,IT IS A DIRECT EVOLUTION ( E>LI] ELITE 9/ITUTIONS1 CREAT$ =1 BY1 & ( LIB]AL ELITES 9 ,EUROPE & ,AM]ICA4 

,?R\<\T ! HI/ORY ( PO/-,ROMAN ,EUROPE1 ! MOVE T[>DS CON/ITUTIONAL & ELECTORAL =MS WAS NOT ! RESULT ( POPUL> /RUGGLE = LIB]ATION4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T WAS =MULAT$ TO APPEASE ! >I/OCRACY & B\RGEOISIE1 :O DESIR$ A COALITION ?AT W\LD 9CLUDE ! 5TIRE ECONOMIC ELITE 9 ! POLITICAL LEAD]%IP1 NOT JU/ ! MON>* & SUBORD9ATE BUREAUCRACY4 ,DEMOCRACY1 AFT] ALL1 IS NOT A CONCEPT ( ! ,5LI<T5M5T4 ,! V]Y T]M ?OSE 5LI<T5$ ,EUROPEAN & ,AM]ICAN /ATESM5 *OSE TO DESCRIBE !IR DESIR$ POLITICAL SY/EM WAS BORR[$ FROM ! ANCI5T ,GREEK CITY-/ATES1 9 :I* ALL PROP]TY-[N+ MALE CITIZ5S HAD A VOICE TO 9FLU5CE ! LEAD]%IP4 ,( C\RSE1 ! L[] CLASSES W]E SLAVES & NOT CITIZ5S1 SO ONLY AB\T #a.0 ( ! POPULATION C\LD VOTE4 ,9 ! E>LY CITY-/ATES1 !RE WAS LITTLE OR NO DI/9CTION BETWE5 POLITICAL P[] & ECONOMIC P[]1 BECAUSE ! ECONOMIC ELITE W]E1 ( C\RSE1 ! B5EFICI>IES ( ! P[] CONSOLIDAT$ BY ! NEW POLITICAL /RUCTURES !Y HAD CREAT$4 ,AS EMPIRES GREW1 L>GE PORTIONS ( ! ECONOMIC ELITE -- ! >I/OCRATIC L&[N]S -- W]E FREQU5TLY EXCLUD$ TO SOME DEGREE FROM ! ELITE GR\P HOLD+ P[] OV] & FROM ! C5TRALIZ$ POLITICAL APP>ATUS4 ,IT WAS ! /RUGGLE ( ! >I/OCRACY1 & LAT] ( B\RGEOIS M]*ANTS1 BANK]S1 & FACTORY [N]S1 TO RE9CORPORATE !MSELVES 9TO ! POLITICAL ELITE1 ?AT IS ! ROOT ( ! EVOLUTION ( ?AT POLITICAL PROCESS WE CALL DEMOCRACY4 

,N[ WE SEE MORE CLE>LY ! EVOLUTION ( DEMOCRACY 9 ! ,EUROPEAN NATION-/ATES1 (T5 CIT$ TO HAVE BEGUN ) ! ,MAGNA ,C>TA4 ,?AT FAM$ DOCUM5T1 & ! LEGAL RI<TS & GU>ANTEES IT E/ABLI%$1 WAS CREAT$ :5 ,K+ ,JOHN ( ,5GL&1 FAC$ ) ! PROSPECT ( BE+ MILIT>ILY DEPOS$ BY ! >I/OCRACY1 SAW ! WISDOM 9 EXT5D+ POLITICAL P[] TO A BROAD] SECTION ( ! ECONOMIC ELITE ?AN HAD BE5 PREVI\SLY 9CLUD$1 BY GU>ANTEE+ RI<TS TO ! MAJOR L&HOLD]S1 & CREAT+ ! PREC$5T ( A C\NCIL ( B>ONS1 OR !IR REPRES5TATIVES1 TO ADVISE & NEGOTIATE ) ! ,K+4 

,*ANCELLOR ,BISM>CK1 :O UNIFI$ ,G]MANY 9TO A CON/ITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY1 WAS NO POPULI/4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 HIS REIGN WAS *>ACT]IZ$ BY H>% REPRESSION ( PROGRESSIVE & RADICAL ELEM5TS1 & A S+LE-M9D$1 ,MA*IAVELLIAN DESIRE TO /R5G!N ! ,G]MAN /ATE1 A TASK 9 :I* HE SUCCE$$ TO SU* A DEGREE ?AT )9 DECADES ,G]MANY EXCELL$ FROM A COLLECTION ( BACKW>D & DISUNIT$ PROV9CES TO A UNI=M NATION-/ATE ?AT C\LD S+LE-H&$LY ?REAT5 ! RE/ ( ! CONT95T4 ,BISM>CK KNEW ?AT GRANT+ ELECTIONS & CON/ITUTIONAL RI<TS W\LD ONLY SOLIDIFY ! P[] ( ! ,G]MAN RUL+ ELITE1 BY W9N+ ! LOYALTY ( ! B\RGEOISIE & >I/OCRACY2 EXHAU/+ OR CO-OPT+ ! EF=TS ( PROGRESSIVES :O S\<T SOCIAL *ANGE ?R\< ! ELECTORAL PROCESS2 & M>G9ALIZ+ ! RADICALS :O REJECT$ ! 0DEMOCRATIC PROCESS10 ?US ELIM9AT+ ! SPECT] ( RESI/ANCE OR NON-COOP]ATION ?AT M>R$ ! EFFICI5CY ( MANY O!R ,EUROPEAN /ATES :O W]E CON/ANTLY TRY+ TO W9 ! OB$I5CE ( !IR OPPRESS$ SUBJECTS4 ,FUR!RMORE1 POLITICAL & ECONOMIC P[]1 NEV] BE+ R$I/RIBUT$1 WAS ALREADY CONSOLIDAT$ 9 ! H&S ( ! ELITE1 :O C\LD 5SURE ?AT ONLY !IR C&IDATES W]E ELECT$ & ONLY FAVORABLE LAWS W]E PASS$1 ?R\< A V>IETY ( LEGAL OR ILLEGAL MEANS 7LEGALITY BE+ A F>CICAL ISSUE H]E1 AS ! POLICE1 HI/ORICALLY P>T & P>CEL ( ! MON>*ICAL APP>ATUS1 W]E NOT AB\T TO >RE/ !IR [N MA/]S74 

,! SPORADIC EVOLUTION ( DEMOCRACY 9 ,RUSSIA FOLL[$ A PA? SIMIL> TO ?AT ( ,5GL& & ,G]MANY1 ! MA9 DIFF]5CE BE+ ?AT MO/ ( ! LIB]AL RE=MS W]E REPEAL$ BY A JEAL\S CZ>1 UNUS$ TO %>+ HIS P[]4 ,! EXI/5CE ( A ,RUSSIAN P>LIAM5T TEMPOR>ILY ALLEVIAT$ POPUL> UNRE/1 BUT UPON ITS DISSOLUTION1 ! SUBV]SIVE CURR5TS ?AT EV5TUALLY L$ TO ! ,BOL%EVIK REVOLUTION RESUM$ AT =CE4 ,! ,RUSSIAN P>LIAM5T1 CURR5TLY REF]R$ TO AS ! ,DUMA1 9 ! #a#i? C5TURY WAS CALL$1 ) A LITTLE MORE C&OR1 ! 0,BOY>SKOE.<#a.> ,DUMA0 70,DUMA0 MEANS 0?\<T40 ,! 0,BOY>S0 W]E ! ,RUSSIAN >I/OCRACY74 ,LEAD+ UP TO ?IS1 ! ,RUSSIAN S]FS W]E 0FRE$0 AS A NECESS>Y /EP 9 ! DEMOCRATIC EVOLUTION4 ,( C\RSE !Y W]E NOT GIV5 ! L& !Y HAD WORK$ & ON :I* !Y LIV$ 7& DEP5D$ = SURVIVAL72 ?IS L& /AY$ 9 ! H&S ( ! >I/OCRACY1 ?\< ! S]FS W\LD BE ALL[$ TO PUR*ASE AB\T A ?IRD ( IT4 ,HAV+ BE5 UNWAG$ WORK]S ) NO MONEY TO BUY ! L&1 SOME ( ! 0FRE$0 S]FS HAD TO MOVE TO ! CITIES & 5GAGE 9 WAGE WORK 9 ! NEW FACTORIES 7CO9CID5TALLY A V]Y CONV5I5T >RANGEM5T = ! FACTORY [N]S & ! ,RUSSIAN POLITICAL ELITE1 :O REQUIR$ 9DU/RIALIZATION TO REMA9 A COMPETITIVE ,EUROPEAN P[]71 :ILE ! O!R EX-S]FS /AY$ 9 ! C\NTRY TO WORK AS %>E-CROPP]S = !IR =M] MA/]S4 

,! E>LY REPRES5TATIVE BODIES 9 GOV]NM5T1 ! =]UNN]S ( ! MOD]N ,CONGRESS OR ,P>LIAM5T1 FROM !IR BEG9N+ W]E MEANT TO REPRES5T ! >I/OCRACY1 ! PROP]TY [N]S1 ! BANK]S1 & ALL O!R WEAL?Y PEOPLE :O CONTROLL$ ! ECONOMIC LIFE ( ! NATION4 ,REPRES5TATION = ! ECONOMIC ELITE 5SUR$ ?AT ! POLITICAL LEAD]%IP 7=M]LY ! MON>*7 ?AT CONTROLL$ ! MILIT>Y1 ! POLICE1 TAXATION1 & O!R BUREAUCRACIES1 W\LD PROTECT & S]VE ! 9T]E/S ( ! WEAL?Y4 ,! S+UL>ITY ( ! MON>* WAS REPLAC$ ) A COALITION ( ! ELITE1 DIVID$ 9TO POLITICAL P>TIES & COMPET+ = 9FLU5CE1 BUT ABOVE ALL COLLABORAT+ AT ! FUNDAM5TAL LEVEL TO MA9TA9 CONTROL4 ,! VOTE FUNCTION$ TO 5SURE ?AT ! P>TY ) ! MO/ POPUL> /RATEGY = CONTROL C\LD IMPLEM5T ?AT /RATEGY1 :]EAS PREVI\SLY ! CONS]VATISM & OB/9ACY ( A S+LE1 UN*ALL5G$ RUL] MI<T BE LESS FLEXIBLE 9 ADAPT+ TO *ANG+ CIRCUM/ANCES4 

,AS ! VOTE GRADUALLY EXT5D$ TO ALL ADULT CITIZ5S 79 /EP1 NOT CO9CID5TALLY1 ) ! RISE ( CORPORATE-CONTROLL$ MASS M$IA71 ! VOTE ALSO FUNCTION$ TO PROVIDE ! ILLUSION ( EQUALITY1 CREATE A RELEASE VALVE = POPUL> DISCONT5T1 & MO/ IMPORTANTLY IT MA9TA9$ ! EFFECTIV5ESS ( GOV]NM5T CONTROL BY FAVOR+ ! POLITICAL P>TIES ?AT W]E MO/ SUCCESSFUL AT DUP+ ! POPULATION1 & W9N+ !IR OB$I5CE4 ,! LACK ( TRUE P>TICIPATION BY ! G5]AL POPULATION IS MADE MO/ OBVI\S BY ! FACT ?AT VOT]S' *OICES >E 9=M$ PRIM>ILY BY NAME RECOGNITION1 P>TY AFFILIATION1 & ! BOMB>DM5T ( SUP]FICIAL SLOGANS CONDUCT$ ?R\< ADV]TIS+ M$IA1 AS WELL AS ! FACT ?AT FEW VOT]S CAN EV5 >TICULATE A FACTUAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! PLAT=MS ( OPPOS+ C&IDATES1 MU* LESS A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ( !IR POLICIES4 

,BICAM]AL LEGISLATURE1 A FEATURE ( ,U4,S4 & O!R DEMOCRACIES1 R$EVELOP$ 9 ,5GL&1 :]E ! TWO P>LIAM5T>Y H\SES W]E NAM$ ) MORE /RAI<T=W>D HONE/Y ?AN W\LD BE P]MISSIBLE 9 MOD]N TIMES4 ,! ,H\SE ( ,LORDS WAS QUITE PLA9LY CREAT$ = ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! >I/OCRACY1 & ! ,H\SE ( ,COMMONS = ?OSE )\T NOBLE TITLE -- MORE SPECIFICALLY1 = REPRES5TATIVES ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 OR UPP]-MIDDLE CLASS4 ,! EXCLUSION ( ! MAJORITY ( ! POPULATION1 EV5 FROM ?IS L[LIE/ H\SE ( P>LIAM5T1 BECOMES APP>5T :5 ONE TRIES TO F9D POOR1 WORK+-CLASS COMMON]S AMONG ! ,MEMB]S ( ,P>LIAM5T1 ?R\< ! HI/ORY ( ! ,H\SE ( ,COMMONS TO ! PRES5T DAY4 ,! EXACT SAME PO9T CAN BE MADE = ,U4,S4 ,CONGRESS MEMB]S1 :OSE AV]AGE 9COME PRIOR TO !IR ELECTION HAS NEV] COME CLOSE ! L[LY AV]AGE ( ! 5TIRE ,AM]ICAN POPULATION4 ,?OSE FEW REPRES5TATIVES :O DO COME FROM L[] MIDDLE-CLASS BACKGR\NDS G5]ALLY GO ON TO HI<-PAY+ POSITIONS AS CORPORATE CONSULTANTS AFT] SUCCESSFUL T]MS 9 ,CONGRESS1 & NO POLITICIANS AT ! NATIONAL LEVEL COME FROM ! L[] CLASS1 :O MAKE UP ! SOLID MAJORITY ( ! TOTAL POPULATION4 

,?IS IS BY NO MEANS A REC5T DEVOLUTION 9 ,AM]ICAN GOV]NM5T4 ,SOME ( ! F\ND+ FA!RS 5VISION$ ! ROLE ( PRESID5T AS ?AT ( K+1 & SUGGE/$ V>I\S MAJE/IC TITLES4 ,BECAUSE AT ! TIME ! MAJORITY ( PEOPLE W]E ILLIT]ATE1 ! ELITE C\LD BE MU* MORE /RAI<T=W>D1 & !IR COMM5TS >E MO/ ILLUM9AT+4 ,! ,FA!R ( ! ,CON/ITUTION1 ,JAMES ,MADISON1 WROTE ?AT3 0,! M9ORITY ( ! OPUL5T .<! WEAL?Y M9ORITY.> MU/ BE PROTECT$ FROM ! MAJORITY40 ,HIS FRI5D & FELL[ 9FLU5TIAL F$]ALI/1 ,JOHN ,JAY1 SAID MORE PLA9LY ?AT 0! PEOPLE :O [N ! C\NTRY \<T TO RULE IT40 ,! DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION 9 ,AM]ICA WAS ! SUCCESSFUL ATTEMPT BY ! ,AM]ICAN ECONOMIC ELITE TO SEIZE POLITICAL P[] FROM ! ,BRITI%4 ,! COMPLA9TS AB\T UNFAIR ,BRITI% TAXATION W]E ! COMPLA9TS ( BUS9ESSM54 ,:5 ,AM]ICAN F>M]S1 DISAPPO9T$ ?AT !IR DIFFICULT ECONOMIC SITUATION DID NOT IMPROVE AFT] ! REVOLUTION1 M>*$ AGA9/ ! NEW ,AM]ICAN ELITE 9 ! /ATE CAPITALS 9 A NUMB] ( REBELLIONS1 ! ,F\ND+ ,FA!RS 7:O W]E NOR!RN M]*ANTS1 BANK]S1 & LAWY]S1 & ! SLAVEHOLD+ L&[N]S ( ! S\?7 REASSEMBL$ TO CREATE A /RONG]1 C5TRALIZ$ GOV]NM5T ?AT W\LD PROTECT ! M9ORITY 9T]E/S -- ?AT IS1 ! 9T]E/S ( ! RUL+ ELITE4 

,! NEW ,CON/ITUTION CREAT$ A NUMB] ( /RUCTURES & RI<TS1 RI<TS BE+ ! CODIFI$ PRIVILEGES ( ! ELITE.<#b.>4 ,AN ELECTORAL SY/EM ALL[$ ?OSE :O [N$ ! L&1 ! BANKS1 & ! FACTORIES TO DECIDE :I* POLITICIANS W\LD BETT] REPRES5T !IR 9T]E/S4 ,AS VOT+ RI<TS EXP&$1 ELECTIONS ALSO TOOK ON ! FUNCTION ( TE/+ :I* C&IDATE HAD ! BETT] POPULI/ RHETORIC1 ! BETT] /RATEGY = RETA9+ ! SUBMISSION & LOYALTY ( ! G5]AL POPULATION4 ,! FAM$ ,AM]ICAN BALANCE ( P[]S1 A BALANCE BETWE5 JUDGES1 S5ATORS1 PRESID5TS & G5]ALS1 IS A RUL+ COALITION AMONG ! ELITE4 ,FRE$OM ( SPEE* WAS & CONT9UES TO BE ! FRE$OM ( MEMB]S ( ! ELITE TO CRITICIZE GOV]NM5TAL POLICY 9 ORD] TO =MULATE MORE EFFECTIVE RUL+ /RATEGIES4 ,9CID5TALLY1 FREE SPEE* ALSO ALL[S ANY COMMON CITIZ5 TO MUTT] :AT !Y WILL1 ?\< ,AM]ICAN HI/ORY CONSI/5TLY %[S ?AT PEOPLE >E NOT FREE FROM ! ?REAT ( >RE/ & IMPRISONM5T = UNPOPUL> SPEE* IF ! AU?ORITIES >E AFRAID SU* SPEE* MAY HAVE AN ACTUAL EFFECT1 BEYOND ?AT ( BREA? WA/$ 9 IDLE CONV]SATION4 

,9 ! LIB]AL MY?OLOGY1 DEMOCRACY IS BAS$ ON ! IDEA ?AT PEOPLE B& TOGE!R UND] ! PROTECTION ( A GOV]NM5T1 & 5T] 9TO A 0CONTRACT ( ! GOV]N$40 ,BUT ?IS IS A CONTRACT :I* WE MAY NOT NEGOTIATE OR DECL9E4 ,WE >E ALL BORN AS SUBJECTS TO ONE OR ANO!R /ATE1 0DEMOCRATIC0 OR O!RWISE1 & %\LD WE OBJECT TO \R SUBJUGATION1 !RE IS NO?+ WE CAN DO AB\T IT4 ,EV5 IF WE HAVE ! F9ANCIAL MEANS TO LEAVE \R C\NTRY ( ORIG9 7NEV] M9D ! QUE/ION ( MAK+ ! GOV]NM5T LEAVE \R HOMES71 WE HAVE NO O!R OPTIONS3 0,NO ,MAN'S ,L&0 DOES NOT EXI/4 ,IF WE DO NOT HAVE A PRACTICAL *OICE TO REFUSE1 \R ACQUIESC5CE IS NOT CONS5T1 IT IS SUBMISSION4 

,! FACT IS1 ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS IS DESIGN$ TO CRAFT & MA9TA9 AN EFFECTIVE RUL+ COALITION FROM AMONG ! ELITE2 TO W9 ! LOYALTY ( ! MIDDLE CLASS BY DISP5S+ TOK5 RI<TS & PRIVILEGES2 TO PREV5T DISCONT5T BY CREAT+ ! ILLUSION ( FAIRNESS & EQUALITY2 & TO SQUEL* REBELLION BY E/ABLI%+ AN ELABORATE >RAY ( (FICIAL *ANNELS = SANCTION$ DISS5T1 EXHAU/+ ! 5]GIES ( LAW-ABID+ DISSID5TS :O JUMP ?R\< HOOP AFT] HOOP -- POSSIBLY W9N+ SOME M9OR CONCESSION1 & D5Y+ LEGITIMACY TO ?OSE :O /EP \TSIDE ! 0DEMOCRATIC PROCESS0 TO DIRECTLY CAUSE ! *ANGE !Y SEEK1 RA!R ?AN P>TAK+ 9 ! ELABORATE C\RT+ RITUAL DESIGN$ TO DISPLAY !IR LOYALTY 9 ASK+ ! GOV]NM5T TO CONSID] !IR PLEAS4 ,ONCE SU* REBELS CAN BE PORTRAY$ AS 0ILLEGITIMATE10 0RECKLESS10 0IMPATI5T10 09CONSID]ATE10 OR 0LACK+ RESPECT = ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS10 ! GOV]NM5T CAN SAFELY DEAL ) !M MU* MORE H>%LY ?AN !Y C\LD DEAL ) ?OSE :O /ILL HONOR$ ! 0CONTRACT ( ! GOV]N$0 ?R\< !IR DOCILITY & SUBMISSION4 

#g4 

,\R CLOS] ANALYSIS ( ?IS SY/EM WE CALL 0DEMOCRACY0 HAS L$ US TO ! FOLL[+ HYPO!SIS3 AT ITS BASE1 DEMOCRACY IS AN AU?ORIT>IAN1 ELITI/ SY/EM ( GOV]NM5T DESIGN$ TO CRAFT AN EFFECTIVE RUL+ COALITION :ILE CREAT+ ! ILLUSION ?AT ! SUBJECTS >E 9 FACT EQUAL MEMB]S ( SOCIETY1 ?US 9 CONTROL (1 OR AT LEA/ B5EVOL5TLY REPRES5T$ BY1 GOV]NM5T POLICY4 ,! FUNDAM5TAL PURPOSE ( A DEMOCRACY1 SAME AS ANY O!R GOV]NM5T1 IS TO MA9TA9 ! WEAL? & P[] ( ! RUL+ CLASS4 ,DEMOCRACY IS 9NOVATIVE 9 ?AT IT ALL[S A GREAT] DIV]SITY ( RUL+ CLASS VOICES TO ADVOCATE V>I\S /RATEGIES ( CONTROL1 & 0PROGRESSIVE0 9 ?AT IT ALL[S = ADAPTATION TO MA9TA9 CONTROL UND] *ANG+ CIRCUM/ANCES4 

,! SURE/ WAY TO TE/ ?IS HYPO!SIS IS TO OBS]VE HI/ORICAL EXAMPLES 9 :I* OPPRESS$ OR UND]PRIVILEG$ CITIZ5S ( A DEMOCRACY HAVE ADVOCAT$ !IR [N 9T]E/S1 9 CONTRADICTION TO ! 9T]E/S ( ! WEAL?Y & P[]FUL4 ,IF ! LIB]AL MY?OLOGY CONC]N+ DEMOCRACY IS CORRECT1 ! OPPRESS$ WILL BE FAIRLY REPRES5T$1 POLITICAL REPRES5TATIVES WILL ADVOCATE !IR CAUSE1 & SOME EQUITABLE COMPROMISE WILL BE REA*$ BETWE5 ! PRIVILEG$ & ! OPPRESS$4 ,IF PROGRESSIVES & O!R RE=MI/S >E CORRECT 9 !IR BELIEF ?AT ! SY/EM IS FUNDAM5TALLY S\ND BUT CORRUPT$ ?R\< V>I\S CAUSES ?AT CAN BE SOLV$ ) ! APPROPRIATE LEGISLATION1 !N ! WEAL?Y & P[]FUL WILL RECEIVE UNFAIR ADVANTAGES 9 ! LEGISLATIVE & JUDICIAL PROCESSES SET 9 MOTION TO A*IEVE JU/ICE4 ,IF \R HYPO!SIS POSIT+ ! AU?ORIT>IAN1 ELITI/ NATURE ( DEMOCRACY IS CORRECT1 !N ! MANY 9/ITUTIONS ( P[] WILL COLLABORATE TO DIVIDE ! OPPOSITION1 W9 OV] RE=MI/ ELEM5TS1 & CRU% ! REMA9+ OPPOSITION TO RETA9 CONTROL ) :ATEV] MEANS NECESS>Y1 9CLUD+ PROPAG&A1 SL&]1 H>ASSM5T1 ASSAULT1 IMPRISONM5T ON FALSE *>GES1 & ASSASS9ATION4 

,! MORE MILITANT OR RADICAL ELEM5TS ( ! #a#i#fS /RUGGLE AGA9/ RACIAL OPPRESSION PROVIDE AN EXCELL5T EXAMPLE.<#c.>4 ,! RACIAL 9EQUALITY AT ! TIME IS SOLIDLY DOCUM5T$ AS BE+ />K & P]VASIVE1 & MANY ORGANIZATIONS =M$ TO OV]COME ?IS RACIAL OPPRESSION4 ,! ,BLACK ,PAN!RS1 = ONE1 DEM&$ MORE ?AN OPPORTUNITIES = MIDDLE-CLASS ADVANCEM5T4 ,!Y WANT$ BLACK LIB]ATION1 A TOTAL SOCIAL TRANS=MATION ?AT W\LD REMOVE :ITE SUPREMACY FROM ALL ASPECTS ( LIFE4 ,9 RESPONSE TO POLICE BRUTALITY1 !Y ALSO BEGAN ADVOCAT+ BLACK SELF-DEF5SE4 ,H[ DID ! CONTROLL]S ( ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS REACT8 ,9 ! LATE #a#i#fS1 ,J4 ,$G> ,HOOV]1 HEAD ( ! ,F,B,I1 CALL$ !M 0! GREATE/ ?REAT TO ! 9T]NAL SECURITY ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES40 ,L>GELY ?R\< AN ,F,B,I PROGRAM CALL$ ,C,O,9,T,E,L,P,R,O1 ,BLACK ,PAN!RS W]E H>ASS$1 SL&]$1 BEAT51 BULLI$1 !IR COMMUNICATIONS W]E 9T]CEPT$ & TAMP]$ ) TO CAUSE FACTIONAL SPLITS4 ,!IR EF=TS1 9CLUD+ FOOD PROGRAMS = S*OOL *ILDR51 W]E SABOTAG$2 ! ,F,B,I & LOCAL POLICE B\<T 9=M]S & PLAC$ PROVOCATEURS 9 !IR RANKS1 OR REPEAT$LY >RE/$ ,PAN!R ORGANIZ]S ON BASELESS *>GES TO MAKE !M PLACE BAIL1 H>ASS+ !M & DRA9+ !IR RES\RCES4 ,PAN!RS W]E >RE/$ & CONVICT$ ON FABRICAT$ CASES4 ,9 ONE 9/ANCE1 A ,BLACK ,PAN!R WAS IMPRISON$ = OV] TW5TY YE>S = MURD]S HE C\LD NOT HAVE COMMITT$1 HAV+ BE5 HUNDR$S ( MILES AWAY 9 ANO!R CITY AT ! TIME4 ,HE DEF5D$ HIS ALIBI 9 C\RT SAY+ ! ,F,B,I HAD BUGS 9 ! ,PAN!R (FICE HE WAS WORK+ AT1 & ! ,F,B,I TAPES W\LD PROVE HIS :]EAB\TS4 ,9 C\RT1 ,F,B,I AG5TS LI$ ON ! /& & D5I$ !Y W]E CONDUCT+ SU* SURVEILLANCE1 ?\< !Y W]E LAT] =C$ TO RELEASE RECORDS ?AT %[$ ! CONTR>Y4 ,!Y HAD CONV5I5TLY 0LO/0 ! TAPES = ! DAYS 9 QUE/ION4 

,& :5 IMPRISONM5T WAS NOT 5\<1 ,BLACK ,PAN!R ACTIVI/S W]E SIMPLY ASSASS9AT$4 ,OV] A TWO YE> P]IOD1 TW5TY-EI<T ,PAN!RS W]E KILL$ 7SOME ( !M %OT 9 !IR SLEEP7 BY POLICE & ,F,B,I4 ,EV5 IF ! ,PAN!RS W]E AS VIOL5T & IMPURELY MOTIVAT$ AS ! MO/ RABID1 UN9=M$ ( !IR CRITICS ALLEGE1 :Y WAS ! GOV]NM5T'S TREATM5T 7ON LOCAL1 /ATE1 & NATIONAL LEVELS7 ( A F> MORE VIOL5T ORGANIZATION1 ! ,KU ,KLUX ,KLAN1 SO TOL]ANT 7& 9 MANY CASES COLLABORATIVE78 

,M,O,V,E1 ANO!R BLACK LIB]ATION ORGANIZATION1 BAS$ 9 ,PHILADELPHIA1 WAS BOMB$ BY A POLICE HELICOPT] DUR+ A MASSIVE /&-(F :I* RESULT$ 9 ! DEA? ( A COP4 ,SEV]AL ( ! ,M,O,V,E MEMB]S PULL$ \T ( !IR H\SE AFT] ! RAID W]E BEAT5 NE>LY TO DEA? BY POLICE4 ,EI<T ,M,O,V,E MEMB]S W]E IMPRISON$1 EV5 ?\< =5SICS EVID5CE 7MU* ( :I* WAS TAMP]$ ) BY POLICE7 SUGGE/$ ?AT ! COP WAS KILL$ BY FRI5DLY FIRE4 ,MORE IMPORTANT ?AN :E!R ! COP WAS KILL$ BY ONE ( HIS [N OR %OT 9 SELF-DEF5SE BY ,M,O,V,E MEMB]S IS ! QUE/ION ( :Y EXACTLY POLICE /AG$ AN >M$ ASSAULT ON ! ,M,O,V,E H\SE4 

,! ,AM]ICAN ,9DIAN ,MOVEM5T RECEIV$ SIMIL> TREATM5T4 ,!IR MEMB]S W]E SUBJECT TO H>ASSM5T1 ASSASS9ATION1 & FALSE IMPRISONM5T 7!IR MO/ FAM\S POLITICAL PRISON] BE+ ,LEON>D ,PELTI]1 :O IS S]V+ A LIFE S5T5CE = KILL+ AN ,F,B,I AG5T 9 A RAID EV5 :5 ! PROSECUTION ADMITT$ !Y C\LD NEV] BE SURE :O FIR$ ! FATAL %OT74 

,! USE ( VIOL5CE BY \R DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T AGA9/ DISSID5TS CONT9UES 9TO ! PRES5T DAY4 ,AT ! ,WORLD ,TRADE ,ORGANIZATION MEET+S 9 ,SEATTLE1 #a#i#i#i1 :5 MORE PROTE/]S ?AN AU?ORITIES W]E EXPECT+ MOBILIZ$ & BLOCKAD$ ! SUMMIT1 POLICE RESPOND$ VIOL5TLY1 BEAT+1 TE>-GASS+1 & %OOT+ RUBB] BULLETS AT PROTE/]S & BY/&]S4 ,TO DISP]SE PROTE/]S :O W]E LOCK$ D[N1 !Y =C$ !IR HEADS BACK1 & SWABB$ PEPP] SPRAY UND] !IR EYELIDS1 & US$ O!R TORTURE-COMPLIANCE TE*NIQUES4 ,ALL ( ?IS WAS CAU<T ON VIDEO1 ?\< ! NATIONAL M$IA IGNOR$ ! POLICE BRUTALITY & 9/EAD PLAY$ CLIPS ( PROTE/]S SMA%+ W9D[S1 PRES5T+ ?IS AS ! REASON = ! MASSIVE POLICE RESPONSE1 ?\< ! TRUE *RONOLOGY WAS REV]S$4 

,9 SUMM] #b#b1 ,D,C POLICE RAID$ ! ,OLIVE ,BRAN* ,COMMUNITY1 A COLLECTIVE ( POLITICALLY ACTIVE PACIFI/S & AN>*I/S1 & EVICT$ ! RESID5TS AT GUNPO9T4 ,9 #bc A MAN WAS >RE/$ AT ! ,ATLANTA AIRPORT = HOLD+ A SIGN TO PROTE/ ! >RIVAL ( ,PRESID5T ,G,W ,BU%4 ,HE WAS *>G$ ) 5DANG]+ ! PRESID5T4 ,A LITTLE LAT] ! SAME YE>1 AN>*I/ ,%]MAN ,AU/91 WEBMA/] ( A SUCCESSFUL WEBSITE ?AT FOCUS$ ON ! /RUGGLES ( PEOPLE ( COLOR1 WAS S5T5C$ TO A YE> 9 PRISON AFT] ANO!R P]SON PO/$ A L9K TO 9/RUCTIONS ON BUILD+ ,MOLOTOV COCKTAILS.<#d.> ON HIS WEBSITE4 ,= ?IS CRIME1 F$]AL AG5TS ) AUTOMATIC WEAPONS SURR\ND$ HIS H\SE1 BROKE D[N HIS DOOR & DRAGG$ HIM \T ( B$4 ,AU?ORIT>IAN VIOL5CE & REPRESSION OCCUR DAILY1 TOO FREQU5TLY TO NAME EV]Y 9/ANCE4 ,LET !SE S]VE AS JU/ A FEW EXAMPLES4 ,! RE/ Y\'LL HAVE TO RESE>* ON Y\R [N4 

,SOME LIB]ALS :O WANT TO BELIEVE ?AT ! VIOL5CE ( ! ,U4,S4 GOV]NM5T IS ONLY ! RESULT ( CORRUPT POLICE DEP>TM5TS & NOT A FUNDAM5TAL & NECESS>Y P>T ( ! SY/EM (T5 IDEALIZE O!R C\NTRIES1 P>TICUL>LY ! SOCIAL DEMOCRACIES ( ,EUROPE1 US+ !IR IGNORANCE ( AU?ORIT>IAN VIOL5CE 9 ?OSE C\NTRIES AS EVID5CE ( ! ABS5CE ( SU* VIOL5CE4 ,) A LITTLE RESE>*1 WE F9D ?AT ! DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5TS ( ,CANADA1 ,G]MANY1 ,GREAT ,BRITA91 ,MEXICO1 ,JAPAN1 ,ITALY1 & O!R C\NTRIES ALSO USE REGUL> VIOL5CE AGA9/ DISSID5TS4 

#h4 

,! QUE/ION REMA9S3 ,:AT IS TO BE DONE8 ,UN=TUNATELY1 TOO MANY PEOPLE ADH]E TO ! >TIFICIAL CON/RA9TS ( ! SY/EM1 ALWAYS *OOS+ ! LESS] ( TWO EVILS1 MOTIVAT$ ONLY BY A FE> ( ! GREAT] EVIL1 AS ?\< !Y W]E P[]LESS TO *ALL5GE ! SOCIAL FRAMEWORK & CREATE NEW ALT]NATIVES 7?IS REALIZATION ( P[]LESSNESS )9 ! DEMOCRATIC SY/EM %\LD BE 5\< CAUSE = PEOPLE TO REVOLT674 ,NEWSFLA%3 !RE IS NO?+ 9 ! PHYSICAL LAWS ( ! UNIV]SE1 NOR ANY RULE GOV]N+ HUMAN BEHAVIOR1 ?AT REQUIRES ! WORLD TO BE DOM9AT$ BY A PLUTOCRATIC ELITE EX]CIS+ AU?ORIT>IAN & EXPLOITATIVE CONTROL OV] EV]YONE ELSE4 ,9 FACT1 ! MAJORITY ( HUMAN SOCIETIES HAVE ORGANIZ$ !MSELVES QUITE DIFF]5TLY1 (T5 9 EGALIT>IAN =MS1 UNTIL ,EUROPEAN & ,AM]ICAN IMP]IALISM 9T]RUPT$ EV]Y O!R CULTURAL EXP]IM5T & REPLAC$ !M ) \R [N1 SU* ?AT NE>LY EV]Y C\NTRY 9 ! WORLD PRACTICES REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY & 9DU/RIAL CAPITALISM1 :I* >E HI<LY PECULI>1 5TIRELY ,EUROC5TRIC1 & L>GELY MALADAPTIVE 7EXCEPT 9 T]MS ( MA9TA9+ CONTROL & EXPLOIT+ VALUE7 =MS ( SOCIO-ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION4 

,MANY PROGRESSIVES' IDEA ( 5VISION+ NEW ALT]NATIVES CONSI/S ( SUPPORT+ ,?IRD ,P>TIES1 AS ?\< ! EXI/5CE ( ?IRD & F\R? P>TIES HAS MADE ,EUROPEAN /ATES ANY LESS OPPRESSIVE4 ,ASK ! ,ROMA IF ! ,GRE5 ,P>TY MADE ANY DIFF]5CE :5 !Y W]E DEPORT$ :OLESALE FROM ,G]MANY1 MORE ?AN =TY YE>S AFT] ! 5D ( ! ,?IRD ,REI*4 ,ASK ! PROTE/]S 9 ,G5OA1 :O W]E L9$ UP AGA9/ A WALL & BEAT5 UNTIL !IR BLOOD & TEE? DECORAT$ ! CONCRETE1 :AT !Y ?9K ( A P>LIAM5T>Y SY/EM4 ,O!R PROGRESSIVES FAVOR :AT !Y CONSID] TO BE /RUCTURAL *ANGES1 SU* AS ,CON/ITUTIONAL AM5DM5TS1 NOT REALIZ+ ?AT P[] DOES NOT EXI/ ON PAP]4 ,P]HAPS !SE RE=MI/S BELIEVE ?AT RACIAL EQUALITY 9 ! ,U4,S4 WAS A*IEV$ 9 #a#h#f#h1 ) ! PASSAGE ( ! #a#d? ,AM5DM5T1 OR ?AT ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS MOVEM5T 5D$ 9 #a#i#f#d1 ) ! ,CIVIL ,RI<TS ,ACT4 ,TO CORRECT !IR NAIVETE1 !Y NE$ ONLY SP5D SOME TIME 9 A PRISON OR JAIL1 & RESE>* H[ MU* PROTECTION ! #d? ,AM5DM5T HAS AF=D$ ?IS C\NTRY'S DRUG PRISON]S4 

,9 ! FEW 9/ANCES :5 ! DEMOCRATIC PROCESS HAS 0WORK$10 ! SY/EM AS A :OLE DEMON/RATES NO HESITATION 9 IGNOR+ RE=M LAWS ?AT CONTRADICT ! 9T]E/S ( ! P[]FUL4 ,JIMMY ,C>T]1 ! MO/ LIB]AL PRESID5T ! ,U4,S4 HAS EV] SE5 7BUT H>DLY A SA9T1 IF ! EXP]I5CES ( ! ,CAMBODIANS1 ,9DONESIANS1 ,HAITIANS OR O!RS >E TO BE CONSID]$71 BANN$ BY EXECUTIVE ORD] SEV]AL ,VIETNAM-]A C\NT]-9TELLIG5CE PROGRAMS ?AT 9CLUD$ TORTURE & ASSASS9ATION4 ,?ANKS TO A CONSCI5TI\S (FIC] AT ! ,U4,S4 ,>MY'S ,S*OOL ( ! ,AM]ICAS1 WE KN[ ?AT ! MILIT>Y SIMPLY IGNOR$ ,C>T]'S ORD]1 & CONT9U$ TO TEA* !SE TACTICS4 ,H[ MANY SIMIL> 9/ANCES REMA9 SECRET8 

,9 A SOCIETY :]E P[] IS SO CONC5TRAT$ 9 ! H&S ( A FEW1 P[] WILL DEF5D ITSELF4 ,DO WE REALLY BELIEVE ?AT IF WE ELECT$ A 0DEC5T0 PRESID5T OR ,CONGRESS1 ALL ! SELF-P]PETUAT+ 9/ITUTIONS ( ! ELITE W\LD SIMPLY ACQUIESCE1 & SURR5D] !IR WEAL?8 ,9 C\NTRIES :]E ! ELECT$ BODIES ( GOV]NM5T CEAS$ TO REPRES5T ! 9T]E/S ( ! P[]FUL1 ! MILIT>Y & !IR CORPORATE BACK]S 7! COALITION ( ! ELITE7 CONSPIR$ TO OV]?R[ ! WAYW>D PORTIONS ( GOV]NM5T 79 ,*ILI1 ,V5EZUELA1 ,SPA91 ,CONGO1 ET CET]A74 ,>E ! CORPORATIONS & MILIT>IES ( ,EUROPE & ,NOR? ,AM]ICA SOMEH[ MORE PURE8 ,AFT] ALL1 IT IS ! ,P5TAGON 7OR ,EXXON7 ?AT HAS SPONSOR$ MANY ( !SE ELITI/ 7(T5 FASCI/ OR ULTRA-RI<T NATIONALI/7 C\PS ACROSS ! WORLD4 

,! CITIZ5S ( MOD]N DEMOCRACIES >E SO P>ALYZ$ ) AN +RA9$ FE> ( AUTONOM\S1 DIRECT ACTION -- TAK+ ! 9ITIATIVE TO DO ?+S \RSELVES & SOLVE \R [N PROBLEMS -- ?AT ADVOCAT+ REVOLUTION>Y OV]?R[ ( ! PRES5T ORD] SEEMS TANTAM\NT TO ADVOCAT+ ! APOCALYPSE2 H[EV]1 ! TWO ESS5TIAL ACTIONS WE MU/ TAKE TO FREE \RSELVES >E SELF-RELIANCE & ABOLITION ( ! PRES5T SOCIAL1 POLITICAL1 & ECONOMIC RELATION%IPS4 

,WE SIMPLY CANNOT KEEP WAIT+ = O!R PEOPLE TO SAVE US4 ,IT IS \R RELIANCE ON ,BIG ,BRO!R ?AT P]PETUATES ! WRONGS ( ! SY/EM4 ,LIKE AN UNUS$ MUSCLE1 \R ABILITY TO TAKE C>E ( \RSELVES1 MAKE \R [N DECISIONS1 GOV]N \R RELATION%IPS ) O!RS1 CREATE VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATIONS & BUILD COMMUNITIES1 SOLVE \R DISPUTES1 & ABOVE ALL TRU/ \RSELVES1 HAS ATROPHI$1 BUT WE MU/ HONE !SE ABILITIES TO BREAK FREE ( ! AU?ORIT>IAN DOM9ATION ?AT HAS RUL$ US = MILL5NIA4 

,SECONDLY1 WE CANNOT CONT9UE TO VIEW EQUALITY -- TRUE EQUALITY -- AS AN EXTREME MEASURE4 ,IT IS ! CURR5T SY/EM ?AT IS EXTREME1 & WE MU/ DE/ROY EV]Y VE/IGE ( IT TO BREAK FREE & PREV5T IT FROM EVOLV+ 9TO A NEW DISGUIS$ =M4 ,GOV]NM5T1 9 :ATEV] =M1 IS AU?ORIT>IAN4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! C\NT]P>T ( DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5T -- ! 0FREE-M>KET0 ECONOMIC SY/EM1 :I* NEV] >OSE FROM OR CAME 9 CONTACT ) ! MY?ICAL 0LEVEL PLAY+ FIELD0 LIB]AL ECONOMI/S 5VISION TO JU/IFY !IR SY/EM1 IS ANO!R GOV]N+ /RUCTURE 7RELAT+ TO ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION1 RA!R ?AN ! POLITICAL APP>ATUS7 ?AT ALL[S A C]TA9 AM\NT ( COMPETITION & P>TICIPATION ?AT HAS ! APPE>ANCE ( FAIRNESS & OP5NESS BUT 9 REALITY IS DESIGN$ TO 9CREASE ! EFFICI5CY ( CONTROL OV] ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION :ILE RETA9+ ?AT CONTROL 9 ! H&S ( A GR\P ?AT MAY BE SOME:AT FLUID 9 ITS MEMB]%IP BUT IS /ILL CLE>LY AN ELITE GR\P4 ,9 ?IS FREE-M>KET SY/EM1 A V]Y FEW PEOPLE CONTROL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION 7! FACTORIES1 ! L&1 ET CET]A71 MAK+ SELF-SUFFICI5CY IMPOSSIBLE4 ,TO PROCURE ! NECESSITIES = SURVIVAL1 & ! COMMODITIES = A CULTURALLY NORMAL EXI/5CE1 EV]YONE ELSE MU/ SELL !IR ACTIVITY = A WAGE4 ,! ONLY WAY TO CORRECT ! SITUATION IS TO TAKE BACK :AT IS /OL5 FROM US4 

,PRODUCTION & DECISION-MAK+ NE$ TO BE DEC5TRALIZ$1 & WEAL? & P[] MU/ BE %>$ AT ! LEVEL ( ! COMMUNITY FROM :I* !Y SPR+4 ,/ATE /RUCTURES NE$ TO BE DISMANTL$1 WEAL? & ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION MU/ BE SEIZ$ FROM ! FEW :O CONTROL !M1 PRISONS BROK5 OP51 MILIT>IES DE/ROY$4 ,MORE 9TIMATE =MS ( OPPRESSION LIKE PATRI>*Y & :ITE SUPREMACY MU/ BE EXPOS$ & *ALL5G$ :]EV] !Y P]SI/4 

#i4 

,! PHRASE3 0EASI] SAID ?AN DONE0 IS A GROSS UND]/ATEM5T4 ,P]HAPS ! REASON SO MANY PEOPLE CONT9UE TO BELIEVE 9 ! EFFICACY ( PETTY RE=MS1 9 ! FACE ( OV]:ELM+LY CONTRADICTORY EVID5CE1 IS BECAUSE ! 5ORM\S RESPONSIBILITY WE FACE UPON REALIZ+ ?AT ! PROBLEMS ( \R SOCIETY >E FUNDAM5TAL1 NOT SUP]FICIAL1 SEEMS IMPOSSIBLE TO FULFILL4 ,BUT WE NEV] KN[ IF SOME?+ IS POSSIBLE UNTIL WE SUCCE$4 ,9 ! MEANTIME1 \R CONC]N IS TO F9D ! MO/ EFFECTIVE /RATEGIES ( RESI/ANCE & ORGANIZATION4 

,=TUNATELY1 ! HI/ORY ( RESI/ANCE IS AS LONG AS ! HI/ORY ( OPPRESSION1 SO WE HAVE MANY EXAMPLES TO LE>N FROM4 ,TO IMPROVE \R [N EF=TS AT A*IEV+ REVOLUTION1 WE %\LD EXAM9E H[ ACTIVI/S ?R\<\T HI/ORY HAVE BE5 EFFECTIVE 9 CONFRONT+ P[] & PRODUC+ *ANGE & H[ !Y HAVE BE5 9EFFECTIVE1 :ILE KEEP+ AW>E ( !IR SPECIFIC CONTEXT4 

,9 ,U4,S4 HI/ORY1 ! LABOR UNION HOLDS A TRADITIONAL PLACE AS A VEHICLE = REVOLUTION>Y ACTIVITY4 ,9 ! E>LY TW5TIE? C5TURY1 LABOR UNIONS (F]$ A RADICAL CRITIQUE ( SOCIAL 9EQUALITIES1 & GAVE ! NATION'S WAGE SLAVES ! PROMISE = A BETT] LIFE4 ,LABOR UNIONS BECAME A P[]FUL POLITICAL =CE1 GA9+ MILLIONS ( MEMB]S1 ORGANIZ+ /RIKES & PROTE/S1 & ALSO CREAT+ DEF5SE COMMITTEES :5 POLICE BEGAN MASSACR+ /RIK+ WORK]S4 ,BUT ?\< !Y SUCCE$$ 9 DIM9I%+ SEV]AL ( ! BRUTALITIES :I* WORK]S FAC$1 ! LABOR UNIONS FAIL$ TO FIX ! UND]LY+ SOCIAL 9EQUALITIES1 & ULTIMATELY BETRAY$ ! WORK]S4 ,N[ADAYS1 MO/ LABOR UNIONS >E SMALL-M9D$ RACKETS ) LITTLE REAL CL\T4 ,ONE IMPORTANT FACTOR 9 !IR FAILURE WAS ! HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURE ( MO/ LABOR UNIONS4 ,HI]>*Y DEVELOP$ SO ?AT ELITE GR\PS C\LD CONTROL L>G] POPULATIONS4 ,ACCORD+LY1 HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATIONS >E EASILY HIJACK$ BY ! GOV]NM5TS !Y *ALL5GE4 ,! UNIONS W]E 9FILTRAT$ & !IR LEAD]S W]E CO-OPT$4 ,! UNION LEAD]%IP EASILY CONFUS$ ! 9T]E/S ( !IR ORGANIZATION ) ! 9T]E/S ( ! SOCIAL /RUGGLE ! UNIONS HAD BE5 CREAT$ TO S]VE4 ,S9CE RADICAL UNION ACTIVITIES W]E SEV]ELY REPRESS$1 UNION LEAD]%IP DEVELOP$ A MORE COOP]ATIVE RELATION%IP ) ! POLITICIANS & ! BOSSES TO 5SURE ! SURVIVAL ( !IR UNION1 & TO SECURE ! CONT9UATION ( !IR 9CREAS+LY COM=TABLE POSITIONS ( P[]4 ,RADICAL UNIONI/S :O C\LD NOT BE B\<T \T W]E JAIL$1 OR O!RWISE NEUTRALIZ$4 

,ANO!R MAJOR WEAKNESS ( MO/ UNIONS WAS !IR DISMISSAL ( RACE & G5D] ISSUES ?AT W]E 9SEP>ABLE FROM ECONOMIC ISSUES4 ,BY REFUS+ TO *ALL5GE RACISM1 SEXISM1 & X5OPHOBIA1 & MA9TA9+ 9/EAD A PRIVILEG$1 N>R[LY ECONOMIC CRITIQUE ( CAPITALISM1 LABOR UNIONS BECAME ORGANIZATIONS = :ITE M51 LOS+ ! VITAL SUPPORT ( WOM5 G>M5T WORK]S & DOME/IC WORK]S1 BLACK %>ECROPP]S1 & IMMIGRANT FACTORY WORK]S4 ,!IR 9ABILITY TO CRITICIZE ! :ITE SUPREMACI/ ASPECTS ( CAPITALISM ALL[$ ! BOSSES TO MA9TA9 P[] BY DIVID+ & DISEMP[]+ ! WORK]S1 SCAPEGOAT+ =EIGN]S & EMANCIPAT$ BLACKS = !IR POV]TY4 

,IT WAS 9 P>T ! DESIRE ( ! MAJOR LABOR UNIONS TO BE RESPECTABLE ?AT L$ !M TO P]PETUATE ! RACI/1 SEXI/1 ELITI/ BEHAVIORS ( ! P[] /RUCTURE !Y ORIG9ALLY S\<T TO DEFEAT4 ,!IR POSITIONS ( AU?ORITY1 & GOV]NM5T NEGOTIATORS1 DANGL$ ! PROMISE ( P[] -- ( COM=T1 DIGNITY1 & RESPECT -- BE=E ! UNION LEAD]S1 :O EV5TUALLY =GOT ! CAUSES ( ! SOCIAL ILLS !Y PROTE/$1 & 9/EAD RELI$ ON ! GRATIFICATION ( BE+ ACCEPT$ BY SOCIETY 7HI< SOCIETY7 TO NUMB ! SYMPTOMS4 ,BY DISAV[+ COMPROMISE1 US+ RADICAL OR MILITANT TACTICS1 OR *ALL5G+ ! RACIAL & G5D] /ATUS QUO1 !Y KNEW !Y W\LD BE O/RACIZ$ BY ! GOV]NM5T & VILLIFI$ BY ! M$IA4 ,SO ! LABOR UNIONS 5DEAVOR$ TO BECOME RESPECTABLE 9 ! EYES ( ! MA9/REAM1 & BECAUSE :AT IS MA9/REAM IS DET]M9$ BY ! M$IA1 ?IS MEANT APPEAL+ TO ! :ITE MIDDLE & UPP] CLASSES4 ,9 DO+ SO1 ! UNIONS HAD TO REL9QUI% !IR GREATE/ S\RCE ( /R5G?1 ! DET]M9ATION ( ! OPPRESS$ TO W9 !IR FRE$OM1 :I* (T5 MANIFE/S AS A RAGE ?AT IS UNSEEMLY TO ?OSE :O HAVE MU* TO LOSE BY MALCONT5TS ROCK+ ! BOAT4 

,DESPITE ! HI/ORICAL FAIL+S ( LABOR UNIONS1 AS LONG AS WAGE WORK IS PREVAL5T1 ACROSS SOCIETY & 9 ! LIFE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 WORK] & BOSS WILL BE AN IMPORTANT NEXUS = AGITATION4 ,! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD1 A UNION ?AT SEEKS WORK] CONTROL ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION & ! ULTIMATE ABOLITION ( CAPITALISM1 HAS DEMON/RAT$ A MORE RESILI5T ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN /REAK ?AN ITS CONTEMPOR>IES1 :I* N[ DO LITTLE MORE ?AN PROVIDE RUBB] /AMPS = ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY4 

,REC5TLY1 MANY ACTIVI/S FI<T+ OPPRESSION DO NOT AFFILIATE !MSELVES ) A S+LE ORGANIZATION BUT WORK TO EXPOSE & ALLEVIATE OPPRESSION :]EV] IT IS FELT ! H>DE/4 ,(T51 PRIVILEG$ RADICALS W>Y ( RE=MISM >E RELUCTANT TO WORK = ANY CAUSE )\T CLE>LY >TICULAT$1 LONG-T]M1 REVOLUTION>Y GOALS1 SO !Y JO9 MORE AB/RACT ORGANIZATIONS ?AT >E NATIONALLY OR GLOBALLY1 RA!R ?AN LOCALLY1 ORI5T$4 ,H[EV]1 POOR] PEOPLE & PEOPLE ( COLOR DO NOT HAVE TO GO \TSIDE !IR [N COMMUNITIES TO F9D BRUTALITIES & DEPRAVATIONS ?AT NE$ TO BE OV]COME4 ,ACCORD+LY1 RADICALS FROM PRIVILEG$ GR\PS WILL BE SEGREGAT$ FROM RADICALS ( GR\PS T>GET$ BY OPPRESSION4 ,MIDDLE CLASS1 :ITE MALE ACTIVI/S NE$ TO REALIZE ?AT READ+ PROGRAMS1 ,A,I,D,S CL9ICS1 S\P KIT*5S1 HOMELESS %ELT]S1 BATT]$ WOM5 %ELT]S1 COPWAT* PROGRAMS & PRISON] SUPPORT GR\PS1 & O!R 0FIR/ AID0 PROGRAMS CAN BE REVOLUTION>Y1 & MORE IMPORTANTLY1 !Y >E NECESS>Y = ! HEAL? & SURVIVAL ( OPPRESS$ COMMUNITIES4 

,SOME NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS1 SU* AS ,FOOD ,NOT ,BOMBS OR ,HOMES ,NOT ,JAILS1 COMB9E EF=TS TO DIRECTLY TREAT SYMPTOMS ( OPPRESSION ) A RADICAL 9DICTM5T ( ! P[] /RUCTURES ?AT CAUSE !SE SYMPTOMS4 ,FOOD ,NOT ,BOMBS S]VES FREE MEALS 9 PUBLIC PLACES1 9VIT+ AW>5ESS ( PROBLEMS LIKE HUNG] & POV]TY1 & QUE/ION+ ! CAUSES ( !SE PROBLEMS4 ,HOMES ,NOT ,JAILS SQUATS & FIXES UP AB&ON$1 CONDEMN$1 OR VACANT AP>TM5TS1 9 VIOLATION ( ! 0PROP]TY RI<TS0 ( ! [N]S1 TO PROVIDE HOMELESS FAMILIES ) A PLACE TO LIVE4 ,BY US+ ILLEGAL DIRECT ACTION & CIVIL DISOB$I5CE1 !Y ILLU/RATE H[ ! LEGAL SY/EM PROTECTS ! PROP]TY [N]S AT ! EXP5SE ( ! POOR1 & HI<LI<T ! ROLE ( GOV]NM5T & CAPITALISM 9 CREAT+ & MA9TA9+ POV]TY4 ,A NOTEWOR?Y DETAIL IS ?AT !SE GR\PS >E ORGANIZ$ 9 A DEC5TRALIZ$1 NON-HI]>*ICAL MANN]4 ,FOOD ,NOT ,BOMBS1 = 9/ANCE1 IS MORE AN IDEA ?AN AN 9/ITUTION4 ,ANYONE1 ANY:]E1 CAN />T A ,FOOD ,NOT ,BOMBS *APT]1 )\T GETT+ P]MISSION FROM ! NATIONAL HEADQU>T]S 7!RE IS NONE7 OR PAY+ MEMB]%IP DUES4 ,ACCORD+LY1 MEMB]S AT EA* *APT] CAN ADAPT ! ,FOOD ,NOT ,BOMBS MODEL TO LOCAL NE$S & CONDITIONS1 & )\T ANY 9/ITUTIONAL POLITICS OR NATIONAL CONF]5CES1 MEMB]S DON'T WA/E ANY EF=T ON ORGANIZATIONAL MA9T5ANCE1 & CAN SP5D MORE TIME MEET+ LOCAL NE$S4 ,H[EV]1 S9CE ,FOOD ,NOT ,BOMBS IS L>GELY A PRODUCT ( PRIVILEG$1 MIDDLE-CLASS :ITE ACTIVI/ CIRCLES1 MANY *APT]S BECOME /UCK 9 A PATT]N ( PROVID+ ! TOK5 WEEKLY FREE MEAL & TAK+ ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ HUNG] NO FUR!R4 ,MO/ ,FOOD ,NOT ,BOMBS MEMB]S >E NOT P]SONALLY ACQUA9T$ ) HUNG]1 & IT SEEMS ?AT AT LEA/ SOME ( !M HAVE ! IDEA ?AT BY PROVID+ A S]VICE TO POOR] & OPPRESS$ PEOPLE 9 ! COMMUNITY1 !Y WILL 0RADICALIZE0 !M1 CREATE ALLIANCES & TRIGG] CRITICAL MASS1 & !N EV]YONE WILL RISE UP 9 REVOLUTION1 9 A VAGUE & MAGICAL SORT ( WAY4 ,IF1 9/EAD ( SUB-CONSCI\SLY FAULT+ ! OPPRESS$ 7:OM !Y HAVE BE5 TRA9$ S9CE BIR? TO REG>D AS IGNORANT7 = NOT 5LI/+ 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ 0MILIT>ISM0 & 0CAPITALISM10 !Y DECID$ TO CONT9U\SLY UP ! ANTE 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ HUNG]1 BEYOND ! ONE MEAL A WEEK1 !Y MAY P]HAPS F9D ?AT !RE WAS NO MORE EFFECTIVE WAY AT FI<T+ CAPITALISM1 & 9 ! MEANTIME ALLEVIAT+ ! SYMPTOMS = ?OSE MO/ HURT BY CAPITALISM1 BECAUSE CAPITALISM SIMPLY CANNOT FUNCTION UNLESS HUNG] LOOMS AS AN IMM95T ?REAT TO MOTIVATE PEOPLE TO SLAVE AWAY = ANO!R'S GA94 

,PEOPLE :O FI<T AGA9/ OPPRESSION CONT9UE TO FACE MANY PROBLEMS %ORTCOM+S 9 !IR ME?ODS4 ,OBVI\SLY1 WE NE$ TO REMA9 FLEXIBLE & RESPONSIVE TO \R SPECIFIC SITUATION2 !RE IS NO TWELVE /EP PROGRAM TO REVOLUTION4 ,BUT SOME MI/AKES >E COMMON 5\< ?AT WE CAN E/ABLI% PATT]NS1 & AVOID !M4 ,TO BE EFFECTIVE1 AN ORGANIZATION OR MOVEM5T NE$S TO TAKE SEV]AL BASIC /EPS3 

,*ALL5G+ 9T]NALIZ$ OPPRESSIVE & PRIVILEG$ BEHAVIORS1 & ACT+ 9CLUSIVELY1 )\T K[T[+ TO MA9/REAM 7& ULTIMATELY ELITI/7 OP9IONS4 

,ID5TIFY+ ! FUNDAM5TAL NATURE ( OPPRESSION )9 ! SY/EM1 & PROVID+ A RADICAL CRITICISM OR SET ( GOALS4 

,BAS+ ! /RUGGLE 9 LESS PRIVILEG$1 MORE OPPRESS$ SEGM5TS ( SOCIETY1 RA!R ?AN TRY+ TO CONNECT TO A MA9/REAM1 MIDDLE-CLASS SETT+4 

,ORGANIZ+ 9 A LOCALIZ$1 NON-HI]>*ICAL1 DEC5TRALIZ$1 AUTONOMI/ MANN]1 TO PROMOTE EQUALITY & SELF-ACTUALIZATION )9 ! GR\P1 TO CREATE GREAT] FLEXIBILITY & ADAPTATION TO LOCAL CONDITIONS1 & TO PROTECT AGA9/ /ATE REPRESSION & 9FILTRATION4 

#a4 

,TO 5VISION ONE UTOPIAN MODEL = ! 5TIRE WORLD W\LD BE UNREALI/IC & CULTURALLY BIAS$1 NOT TO M5TION AU?ORIT>IAN4 ,EV]YONE %\LD DO !IR [N RESE>* & COME TO !IR [N CONCLUSIONS AB\T :AT LIFE/YLE W\LD BE BE/ = !M4 ,! M9IMUM DEM& IS ?AT WE %\LD TOL]ATE NO SY/EM ?AT 5=CES ONE 0CORRECT0 MODEL OV] MANY PEOPLE1 REG>DLESS ( !IR WILL+NESS4 ,HI/ORY IS FULL ( 7P>TIALLY SUPPRESS$7 EXAMPLES ( O!R =MS ( ORGANIZATION ?AT WE CAN USE 9 DET]M9+ :AT ORGANIZATION IS BE/ SUIT$ & MO/ REALI/IC TO FULFILL+ \R CURR5T NE$S4 

,EA* COMMUNITY %\LD DECIDE MATT]S ( SOCIAL & ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION = ITSELF1 & JO9 O!R COMMUNITIES 9 VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATIONS = FULFILL+ NE$S ?AT CANNOT BE MET BY ONE COMMUNITY ALONE4 ,9 ! MEANTIME1 WE ALL HAVE MU* 9 COMMON1 & %\LD FI<T TOGE!R AGA9/ ! GLOBALLY G5]ALIZ$ SY/EM ( EXPLOITATION & CONTROL4 ,ONLY BY DE/ROY+ ! SY/EM ( OPPRESSION1 9 :ATEV] =M & NAME IT TAKES1 & 5D+ ! CONT9UUM1 CAN WE CLE> ! WAY = ANO!R /RUGGLE3 BUILD+ SOCIETIES ?AT PROVIDE PROTECTION & SUBSI/5CE )\T US+ CO]CION OR CREAT+ NEW SY/EMS ( OPPRESSION4 

  

.<#a.> ,! /EM ( ?IS WORD IS 0,BOY>10 ! SUFFIX IS A POSSESSIVE 5D+4 

.<#b.> ,! POLICE REGUL>LY VIOLATE ! 0RI<TS0 ( COMMON CITIZ5S4 ,ONLY ?OSE :O CAN AF=D EXP5SIVE LAWY]S CAN CORRECT ! VIOLATION AFT] ! FACT4 ,A SIMPLE EVALUATION ( ,SUPREME ,C\RT RUL+S1 TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ! ECONOMIC CLASS ( ! PLA9TIFF1 DEMON/RATES H[ P>TIAL ! ,BILL ( ,RI<TS IS4 

.<#c.> ,IT %\LD BE NOT$ ?AT 9 ADDITION TO GO+ AFT] RADICAL ELEM5TS1 ! ,F,B,I T>GET$ EV5 SU* PACIFI/ RE=M]S AS ,M>T9 ,LU!R ,K+1 ) H>ASSM5T & LIBEL1 US+ COOP]ATIVE ELEM5TS 9 ! M$IA4 

.<#d.> ,ALCOHOL 9 A GLASS BOTTLE ) A RAG PLUGG+ ! OP5+1 LI<T RAG & ?R[4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#a1 #bba 3 ,:AT IS ,DEMOCRACY8 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,:AT IS ,DEMOCRACY8 -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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