,W>6 

#aiad 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TAGS 3 BALANCE ( P[]1 PRODUCTION = EXPORT1 W> ( #a#h#g1 G]MAN B\RGEOISIE1 MONEY M>KET1 L>GE SCALE1 W>1 RUSSIA1 M>KETS1 FRANCE4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,FEGGY ,>T1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,! SPECTACLE PRES5T$ AT ?IS MOM5T BY ,EUROPE IS DEPLORABLE 5\< BUT )AL P>TICUL>LY 9/RUCTIVE4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 DIPLOMATI/S & C\RTI]S HURRY+ HI!R & ?I!R ) ! 9CREAS$ ACTIVITY :I* DISPLAYS ITSELF :5EV] ! AIR ( \R OLD CONT95T BEG9S TO SMELL ( P[D]4 ,ALLIANCES >E BE+ MADE & UNMADE1 ) MU* *AFF]+ OV] ! AM\NT ( HUMAN CATTLE ?AT %ALL =M ! PRICE ( ! B>GA94  0,SO MANY MILLION HEAD ON CONDITION ( Y\R H\SE SUPPORT+ \RS2 SO MANY ACRES TO FE$ !M1 SU* & SU* SEAPORTS = ! EXPORT ( !IR WOOL40  ,EA* PLOTT+ TO OV]REA* HIS RIVALS 9 ! M>KET4 ,?AT IS :AT 9 POLITICAL J>GON IS KN[N AS DIPLOMACY4  

  .<,N,O,T,E4 -- ,:ILE IT WILL BE UND]/OOD ?AT ! POLITICAL SITUATION ( ,EUROPE HAS *ANG$ S9CE !SE L9ES W]E WRITT51 ! SAME >GUM5TS >E 5TIRELY APPLICABLE TO ! PRES5T TIME4.>  

 ,ON ! O!R H&1 5DLESS DEVELOPM5T ( >M$ =CE4  ,EV]Y DAY WE HE> ( 
FRE% 9V5TIONS = ! MORE EFFECTUAL DE/RUCTION ( \R FELL[-M51 FRE% EXP5DITURE1 FRE% LOANS1 FRE% TAXATION4 ,CLAMOR\S PATRIOTISM1 RECKLESS J+OISM2 ! /IRR+ UP ( 9T]NATIONAL JEAL\SY HAVE BECOME ! MO/ LUCRATIVE L9E 9 POLITICS & J\RNALISM4 ,*ILDHOOD ITSELF HAS NOT BE5 SP>$2 S*OOLBOYS >E SWEPT 9TO ! RANKS1 TO BE TRA9$ UP 9 HATR$ ( ! ,PRUSSIAN1 ! ,5GLI% OR ! ,SLAV2 DRILL$ 9 BL9D OB$I5CE TO ! GOV]NM5T ( ! MOM5T1 :ATEV] ! COLOR ( ITS FLAG1 & :5 !Y COME TO ! YE>S ( MANHOOD TO BE LAD5 LIKE PACK-HORSES ) C>TRIDGES1 PROVISIONS & ! RE/ ( IT2 TO HAVE A RIFLE ?RU/ 9TO !IR H&S & BE TAU<T TO *>GE AT ! BUGLE CALL & SLAU<T] ONE ANO!R RI<T & LEFT LIKE WILD BEA/S1 )\T ASK+ !MSELVES :Y OR = :AT PURPOSE4 ,:E!R !Y HAVE BE=E !M />VEL+S \T ( ,G]MANY OR ,ITALY1 OR !IR [N BRO!RS R\S$ TO REVOLT BY FAM9E -- ! BUGLE S\NDS1 ! KILL+ MU/ COMM5CE4 

   ,?IS IS ! \TCOME ( ALL ! WISDOM ( \R GOV]NORS & TEA*]S6  ,?IS IS ALL !Y HAVE F\ND TO GIVE US AN IDEAL2 ?IS AT A TIME :5 ! WRET*$ ( ALL C\NTRIES >E JO9+ H&S ACROSS ! FRONTI]S4 

   0,Y\ W\LD NOT HAVE ,SOCIALISM8 ,WELL !N Y\ WILL HAVE ,W> -- W> = ?IRTY1 = FIFTY YE>S40 ,SO SAID ,H]Z5 AFT] #a#h#d#h4 ,& W> WE HAVE4 ,IF ! ?UND] ( ! CANNON IS SIL5T = A MOM5T ?R\< \T ! WORLD1 IT IS BUT = A BREA?+ SPACE1 IT IS BUT TO BEG9 AFRE% MORE FI]CELY SOME:]E ELSE1 :ILE ,EUROPEAN W> -- A G5]AL MELEE ( ! WE/]N NATIONS-HAS BE5 ?REAT5+ = YE>S1 ?\< NOT ONE KN[S :AT ! FI<T WILL BE AB\T1 ) :AT ALLIES1 OR AGA9/ :I* FOE1 9 ! NAME ( :AT PR9CIPLES1 OR 9 :OSE 9T]E/4   

 ,9 =M] TIMES :5 !RE WAS W>1 M5 KNEW AT LEA/ 9 :AT CAUSE !Y W]E 
KILL+ ONE ANO!R4 

   0,SU* & SU* A K+ HAS 9SULT$ \RS-COME & SLAU<T] HIS SUBJECTS40 0,SU* & SU* AN EMP]OR WI%ES TO PILF] PROV9CES FROM US-LET US KEEP !M1 AT ! CO/ ( \R LIVES1 = ,HIS ,MO/ ,*RI/IAN ,MAJE/Y40 ,M5 F\<T 9 ! QU>RELS ( !IR K+S4 ,IT WAS FOOLI%1 BUT !N !SE K+S C\LD ONLY 5LI/ = SU* PURPOSES A FEW ?\S& M54 ,BUT :Y1 N[ADAYS1 %\LD WE HAVE :OLE PEOPLES FLY+ AT EA* O!R'S ?ROATS4 

   ,K+S C\NT = NO?+ N[ 9 QUE/IONS ( W>4 ,VICTORIA DID NOT S5D PROTE/S AB\T ,M4 ,RO*E=T'S RHODOMONTADES2 ! ,5GLI% >E NOT GO+ TO EXACT V5GEANCE = H]1 & YET CAN Y\ PROPHECY ?AT 9 TWO YE>S' TIME ,FRANCE & ,5GL& WILL NOT BE AT W> = SUPREMACY 9 ,EGYPT8  ,SIMIL>LY 9 ! ,EA/4 ,AUTOCRAT & UGLY DESPOT AS HE IS1 GREAT P[] AS HE ?9KS HIMSELF1 ! ,CZ> ( ALL ! ,RUSSIAS WILL SWALL[ ALL ! AFFRONTS ( ,&RASSY & ,SALISBURY )\T /IRR+ A F+]1 SO LONG AS ! /OCKJOBB]S ( ,PET]SBURG & ! MANUFACTUR]S ( ,MOSC[ -- ! GANG :O N[ADAYS /YLE !MSELVES 0PATRIOTS0 -- HAVE NOT GIV5 HIM ! WORD TO SET HIS >MIES ON ! MOVE4 

   ,9 ,RUSSIA AS 9 ,5GL&1 9 ,G]MANY AS 9 ,FRANCE1 M5 FI<T NO LONG] = ! GOOD PLEASURE ( K+S2 !Y FI<T TO GU>ANTEE ! 9COMES & AUGM5T ! POSSESSIONS ( !IR ,F9ANCIAL ,HI<NESSES1 ,MESSRS4 ,RO?S*ILD1 ,S*NEID] & ,CO41 & TO FATT5 ! LORDS ( ! MONEY M>KET & ! FACTORY4 ,! RIVALRIES ( K+S HAVE BE5 SUPPLANT$ BY ! RIVALRIES ( B\RGEOIS CLIQUES4 

   ,NO D\BT WE %ALL /ILL HE> TALK ( 0DI/URBANCE ( ! ,BALANCE ( ,P[]40 ,BUT TRANSLATE ?IS METAPHYSICAL CONCEPT 9TO MAT]IAL FACTS1 EXAM9E1 = 9/ANCE1 H[ ! 0UNDUE POLITICAL PREPOND]ANCE0 ( ,G]MANY IS MANIFE/+ ITSELF AT ?IS MOM5T1 & Y\ WILL SEE ?AT ! PI? ( ! MATT] IS SIMPLY AN ECONOMIC 0PREPOND]ANCE0 ON ! 9T]NATIONAL M>KETS4 ,:AT ,G]MANY1 ,FRANCE1 ,RUSSIA1 ,5GL& & ,AU/RIA >E /RUGGL+ = AT ?IS MOM5T1 IS NOT MILIT>Y SUPREMACY BUT ECONOMIC SUPREMACY1 ! RI<T TO IMPOSE !IR MANUFACTURES1 !IR CU/OM DUTIES1 UPON !IR NEI<BORS2 ! RI<T TO DEVELOP ! RES\RCES ( PEOPLES BACKW>D 9 9DU/RY2 ! PRIVILEGE ( MAK+ RAILWAYS ?R\< C\NTRIES ?AT HAVE NONE1 & UND] ?AT PRETEXT TO GET DEM& ( !IR M>KETS1 ! RI<T1 9 A WORD1 TO FIL* EV]Y N[ & !N FROM A NEI<BOR A SEAPORT ?AT W\LD /IMULATE !IR TRADE OR A PROV9CE ?AT W\LD ABSORB ! SURPLUS ( !IR PRODUCTION4 

  

W>#b   ,:5 WE FI<T N[ADAYS IT IS TO 5SURE \R ,FACTORY ,K+S A BONUS ( ?IRTY P]C5T1 TO /R5G!N ! 0,B>ONS0 ( F9ANCE 9 !IR HOLD ON ! MONEY M>KET1 & TO KEEP UP ! RATE ( 9T]E/ = %>EHOLD]S 9 M9ES & RAILWAYS4 ,IF WE W]E ONLY CONSI/5T1 WE %\LD REPLACE ! LION ON \R /&>D ) A GOLD5 CALF1 !IR O!R EMBLEMS BY MONEY BAGS1 & ! NAMES ( \R REGIM5TS1 BORR[$ =M]LY FROM ROYALTY1 BY ! TITLES ( ! ,K+S ( ,9DU/RY & ,F9ANCE -- ,?IRD ,RO?S*ILD10 0,T5T ,B>+10 ETC4 ,WE %\LD AT LEA/ KN[ :OM WE W]E KILL+ =4 

   ,! OP5+ ( NEW M>KETS1 ! =C+ ( PRODUCTS1 GOOD & BAD1 UPON ! =EIGN]1 IS ! PR9CIPLE UND]LY+ ALL ! POLITICS ( ! PRES5T DAY ?R\<\T \R CONT95T1 & ! REAL CAUSE ( ! W>S ( ! N9ETE5? C5TURY4 

   ,9 ! EI<TE5? C5TURY ,5GL& WAS ! FIR/ NATION TO 9TRODUCE ! SY/EM ( EXT5SIVE PRODUCTION = EXPORT4 ,! PROLET>IAT WAS HUDDL$ 9TO ! T[NS1 H>NESS$ TO IMPROV$ MA*9]Y1 & SET TO FILL ! W>EH\SES ) M\NTA9S ( COTTON & WOOL5 GOODS4 ,BUT !SE GOODS W]E NOT 9T5D$ = ! ?READB>E >TISAN ?AT WOVE !M4 ,RECEIV+ JU/ 5\< TO KEEP !MSELVES & !IR FAMILIES ALIVE1 :AT C\LD ?OSE :O W]E SP9N+ ! COTTON & ! CLO? PUR*ASE8 ,SO ! M]*ANT FLEETS ( ,5GL& SET \T TO PL[ ! OCEAN 9 SE>* ( CONSUM]S ON ! CONT95T ( ,EUROPE1 9 ,ASIA1 9 ,AM]ICA1 9 ! C]TA9TY ( F9D+ NO COMPETITORS4 ,MIS]Y -- ! BLACKE/ MIS]Y -- WAS RIFE 9 ! MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS1 BUT ! MANUFACTUR] & ! M]*ANT GREW RI* BY LEAPS & B\NDS1 ! WEAL? EXTRACT$ FROM ! =EIGN] ACCUMULAT$ 9 ! H&S ( A SMALL NUMB]1 AMID ! APPLAUSE ( CONT95TAL ECONOMI/S & !IR EXHORTATIONS TO !IR C\NTRYM5 TO GO & DO ! LIKE4 

   ,BUT AS E>LY AS ! 5D ( ! EI<TE5? C5TURY ,FRANCE WAS 5T]+ ON ! SAME PHASE ( DEVELOPM5T4 ,!RE ALSO PRODUCTION WAS ORGANIZ+ ITSELF ON A L>GE SCALE ) A VIEW TO EXPORTATION4 ,! ,REVOLUTION1 BY TRANSF]R+ ! C5T] ( P[]1 BY CR[D+ ! T[NS ) C\NTRY FOLK1 BY 5RI*+ ! MIDDLE CLASS1 GAVE A FRE% IMPULSE TO ?IS ECONOMIC EVOLUTION4 ,!N ! ,5GLI% MIDDLE-CLASS TOOK FRI<T1 MU* MORE AT ?IS EVOLUTION ?AN AT ! PROCLAMATION ( ! ,REPUBLIC & ! BLOOD SPILL$ 9 ,P>IS1 & JO9+ ) ! >I/OCRACY1 DECL>$ W> TO ! DEA? ) ! ,FR5* B\RGEOISIE :O W]E ?REAT5+ TO CLOSE ! M>KETS ( ,EUROPE TO ,5GLI% PRODUCTS4 

 ,EV]YONE KN[S H[ ! W> 5D$4 ,FRANCE WAS BEAT51 BUT %E HAD WON H] PLACE UPON ! M>KETS4 ,! TWO B\RGEOISIES1 ! ,5GLI% & ! ,FR5* EV5 MADE = A MOM5T A T\*+ ALLIANCE2 !Y RECOGNIZ$ EA* O!R AS SI/]S4 

   ,BUT BE=E LONG ,FRANCE BEG9S TO GO TOO FA/4 ,AS ONE RESULT ( ?IS PRODUCTION = EXPORT1 %E F9DS H]SELF COMPELL$ TO F9D M>KETS BY FAIR MEANS OR F\L1 )\T TAK+ ACC\NT ( ! PROGRESS ( 9DU/RY :I* WAS SPREAD+ FROM ,WE/ TO ,EA/1 & QUICK5+ O!R NATIONS4 ,! ,FR5* MIDDLE-CLASS SEEKS TO 5L>GE ! CIRCLE ( ITS B5EFIC5CE4 ,IT SUBMITS = EI<TE5 YE>S TO BE RIDD5 BY ! ?IRD ,NAPOLEON1 9 ! CONT9UAL HOPE ?AT ?AT USURP] WILL F9D MEANS TO =CE ,EUROPE 9TO ACCORD ) HIS ECONOMIC POLICY1 & ONLY ?R[S HIM OV] :5 IT SEES ?AT HE CANNOT S]VE ?AT PURPOSE4 

    ,A NEW NATION1 ,G]MANY1 ADOPTS ! SAME ECONOMIC SY/EM4 ,H]E AGA9 WE HAVE ! C\NTRY DRA9$ ( ITS 9HABITANTS1 & ! T[NS CRAMM$ ) />VEL+S1 D\BL+ ! URBAN POPULATION 9 A FEW YE>S4 ,H]E AGA9 WE HAVE PRODUCTION ORGANIZ$ ON A L>GE SCALE4 ,A GIGANTIC 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION1 EQUIPP$ ) P]FECT$ MA*9]Y & BACK$ UP BY ! FREE DIFFUSION ( TE*NICAL & SCI5TIFIC 9/RUCTION1 H]E AGA9 PILES UP ITS PRODUCTS1 DE/9$1 NOT = ! USE ( ! PRODUC]S BUT = EXPORTATION1 = ! 5RI*M5T ( ! MA/]S4 ,CAPITAL ACCUMULATES1 & SEEKS PR(ITABLE 9VE/M5T 9 ,ASIA1 9 ,AFRICA1 9 ,TURKEY1 9 ,RUSSIA2 ! ,B\RSE AT ,B]L9 RISES 9TO RIVALRY ) ! ,B\RSE AT ,P>IS -- IT AIMS AT \TRIVAL+ IT4 

    ,!N RISES A CRY FROM ! HE>T ( ! ,G]MAN B\RGEOISIE4 ,UNITY1 UND] ANY FLAG1 NO MATT] :I*1 EV5 W]E IT ?AT ( ,PRUSSIA1 SO LONG AS ! P[] SO ACCRU+ WILL 5SURE TO ?AT CLASS ! MEANS ( =C+ ON NEI<BOR+ /ATES ITS PRODUCTS & ITS CU/OM T>IFFS1 ( GRABB+ A GOOD H>BOR ON ! ,BALTIC1 &1 IF POSSIBLE1 ON ! ,ADRIATIC2 ( BREAK+ ! MILIT>Y P[] ( ,FRANCE :I* HAS BE5 ?REAT5+ = TW5TY YE>S PA/ TO LAY D[N M]CANTILE LAW1 & TO DICTATE COMM]CIAL TREATIES = ALL ,EUROPE4 

  

,W> ,COV]    ,! W> ( #ahg WAS ! RESULT4 ,FRANCE IS NO LONG] MI/RESS ( ! M>KETS2 IT IS ,G]MANY :O IS AIM+ AT SUPREMACY !RE4 ,%E1 TOO1 9 H] ?IR/ = GA91 IS 5GAG$ 9 ! UN5D+ 5DEAVOR TO EXT5D H] >EA ( EXPLOITATION1 ) UTT] DISREG>D ( ! 9DU/RIAL CRISIS1 ! F9ANCIAL FAILURES1 ! UNC]TA9TY & MIS]Y ?AT >E GNAW+ AT ! F\NDATIONS ( H] ECONOMIC $IFICE4 ,! COA/S ( ,AFRICA1 ! H>VE/S ( ,CORSICA1 ! PLA9S ( ,POL&1 ! >ID /EPPES ( ,RUSSIA1 ! 0PUSZTAS0 ( ,HUNG>Y1 ! ROSE-TANGL$ VALLEYS ( ,BULG>IA1 ! /EAM+ =E/S ( ! NEGLECT$ H]ITAGE ( ,SPA9--ALL >E RAIS+ ! AV>ICE ( ! ,G]MAN B\RGEOISIE4 ,SO (T5 AS ! ,G]MAN M]*ANT TRAV]SES !SE ILL-CULTUR$ PLA9S1 !SE T[NS ?AT HAVE NOT RIS5 TO ! GLORIES ( ! 0GR&E 9DU/RIE10 !SE RIV]S /ILL UNF\L$ BY MILL REFUSE1 HIS HE>T BLE$S )9 HIM AT ! SPECTACLE4 ,HIS FANCY PA9TS TO HIM H[ WELL HE C\LD F9D MEANS TO REAP RI* H>VE/S ( GOLD FROM !SE FALL[ PLA9S1 H[ HE C\LD GR9D !SE PR(ITLESS BE+S 9 ! MILL ( ,CAPITAL4 ,HE REGI/]S AN OA? ?AT HE WILL ONE DAY F9D = 0CIVILIZATION10 ?AT IS 0EXPLOITATION10 A NEW HOME 9 ! ,EA/4 ,MEAN:ILE HE WILL DO HIS BE/ TO =CE HIS COMMODITIES & HIS RAILWAYS ON ,ITALY1 ,AU/RIA & ,RUSSIA4 

 ,BUT !SE1 TOO1 >E EMANCIPAT+ !MSELVES 9 !IR TURN FROM ! ECONOMIC TUTELAGE ( !IR NEI<BORS4 ,!SE1 TOO1 >E CREEP+ BY DEGREES 9TO ! CIRCLE ( ! 09DU/RIAL0 C\NTRIES2 & ?OSE 9FANT B\RGEOISIES ASK NO BETT] ?AN ! MEANS TO 5RI* !MSELVES 9 !IR TURN BY EXPORTATION4 ,9 ! LA/ FEW YE>S ,RUSSIA & ,ITALY HAVE MADE 5ORM\S /RIDES 9 ! EXT5SION ( !IR 9DU/RIES1 & S9CE ! PEASANT CAN BUY NO?+ -- R$UC$ AS HE IS TO ! BLACKE/ MIS]Y -- H]E ALSO IT IS = EXPORTATION ?AT ! MANUFACTUR]S >E 5DEAVOR+ TO PRODUCE4 

   ,CONSEQU5TLY ,RUSSIA1 ,ITALY & ,AU/RIA ALSO MU/ F9D M>KETS1 & ?OSE ( ,EUROPE BE+ ALREADY OCCUPI$1 !Y >E =C$ TO FALL BACK ON ,ASIA1 OR ON ,AFRICA1 ) ! C]TA9TY ( SOME DAY COM+ TO BL[S OV] ! APPROPRIATION ( ! *OICE MORSELS4 

 ,:AT ALLIANCES CAN BE B9D+ 9 SU* A SITUATION AS ?IS1 CREAT$ ( NECESSITY 
BY ! *>ACT] IMPRESS$ UPON 9DU/RY BY ?OSE :O HAVE ! DIRECTION ( IT8  ,! 
ALLIANCE BETWE5 ,G]MANY & ,RUSSIA IS A MATT] PURELY ( TEMPOR>Y CONV5I5CE4  
,ALEX&] & ,WILLIAM MAY KISS EA* O!R AS (T5 AS !Y LIKE -- ! B\RGEOISIE ?AT 
IS GR[+ UP 9 ,RUSSIA WILL CORDIALLY DETE/ ! ,G]MAN B\RGEOISIE1 :I* REPAYS IT 
9 ! SAME CO94 ,EV]YONE REMEMB]S ! FURI\S \TCRY RAIS$ BY ! :OLE ,G]MAN 
PRESS :5 ! ,RUSSIAN ,GOV]NM5T RAIS$ ITS IMPORT DUTIES BY ONE-?IRD4 0,W> ) 
,RUSSIA0 -- EV] ! CRY ( ! ,G]MAN MIDDLE-CLASS & ! WORKM5 DEP5D5T !REON --  
0W\LD BE EV5 MORE POPUL> ) US ?AN ! W> ( #a#h#g40 

   ,ASSUR$LY -- Y\ W\LD NOT HAVE ,SOCIALISM1 & Y\ WILL HAVE W>4 ,Y\ C\LD HAVE 
W>S TO LA/ Y\ ?IRTY YE>S OR MORE1 IF ! ,REVOLUTION W]E NOT ON ITS WAY TO PUT 
AN 5D TO ?IS PREPO/]\S & CONTEMPTIBLE SITUATION4 ,BUT LET US1 TOO1 CLE>LY 
RECOGNIZE ! POSITION4 ,>BITRATION1 ! 0BALANCE ( P[]10 R$UCTION ( /&+ 
>MIES1 DIS>MAM5T -- ALL !SE >E F9E IDEAS1 BUT PRACTICAL BE>+ !Y HAVE NONE4 
,! ,REVOLUTION ALONE1 :5 IT HAS RE/OR$ ! MA*9]Y & RAW MAT]IAL ( 
PRODUCTION & ALL ! WEAL? ( ,SOCIETY TO ! H&S ( ! PRODUC]S1 & ORGANIZ$ 
PRODUCTION 9 A MANN] ?AT WILL PROVIDE = ! NE$S ( ?OSE ON :OM ALL 
PRODUCTION DEP5DS1 CAN PUT AN 5D TO !SE CONFLICTS = M>KETS4 

   ,EA* ONE LABOR+ = ALL & ALL = EA* -- ?AT IS ! ONLY TALISMAN ?AT CAN 
BR+ PEACE TO ! HE>TS ( ! NATIONS ?AT CRY = PEACE ) E>NE/ 5TREATY BUT 
CANNOT W9 IT1 = ! HURRY+ ( ! VULTURES ?AT PREY ON ! WEAL? ( ! 
WORLD4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiac 3 ,W>6 -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#b1 #bag 3 ,W>6 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #a#f1 #bb 3 ,W>6 -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/