,*APT] #c 
,PROB+ ,CIVILIZATION 

#ahfcahfc 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,JOSIAH ,W>R5 

,TEXT 3 

,*,A,P,T,] ,I,I,I4 

  
,P,R,O,B,+ ,C,I,V,I,L,I,Z,A,T,I,O,N4 

  

#a#a4 ,! PRIMITIVE1 UNCULTIVAT$ UNDEVELOP$ MALL F9DS HIMSELF ABROAD AMONG ,LIONS1 ,TIG]S1 ,HY5AS1 ,ORANG-,\TANGS1 ,GORILLAS1 ,REPTILES1 & 9SECTS1 ALL MAK+ W> -- 7NO -- NOT MAK+ W> -- !Y HAVE NOT SUNK SO L[71 BUT FROM ! UNREGULAT$ 9/9CT ( SELF-PRES]VATION1 & ! PRESSURE ( CONDITIONS1 ALL PREY+ UPON EA* O!R4 

#a#b4 ,! SAME 9/9CT PROMPTS !M TO H]D TOGE!R1 = MUTUAL PROTECTION AGA9/ \TSIDE AGGRESSION4 ,HAV+ ONCE =M$ A TRIBE OR CLAN1 ,CLAN%IP BECOMES LOOK$ UPON AS ! W>RANT = SAFETY1 & ALL \TSIDE ( ANY P>TICUL> CLAN OR TRIBE BECOME1 BY DEGREES1 RANK$ AS 5EMIES1 ALI5S1 OR =EIGN]S1 TO BE WEAK5$1 CONQU]$1 OR EXT]M9AT$2 & HE :O PROVES MO/ EXP]T 9 ! WORK ( MURD] OR ( PLUND]+ ! \TSID]S1 IS CONSID]$ ! ONE MO/ FIT TO SECURE & ADM9I/] PEACE1 JU/ICE1 & TRUE ORD] )9 HIS [N TRIBE1 & IS AT ONCE PROCLAIM$ AS ! GREAT ,MATIAMBO1 ,MO5E1 ,*IEF1 ,K+1 OR ,PRESID5T ( ! TRIBE OR CLAN4 

#a#c4 ',!RE BE+1 AS YET1 NO CON/ITUTIONS1 NO LEGISLATURES NOR ,C\RTS TO REGULATE ! 9T]NAL AFFAIRS ( ! ,CLAN1 ?IS GREAT ,MATIAMBO IS1 !Y ?9K1 A NECESSITY1 & IT IS EQUALLY A NECESSITY1 ?AT1 HAV+ A ,MATIAMBO1 EV]Y ONE %\LD R5D] UNHESITAT+ OB$I5CE TO HIS WILL1 OR ALL W\LD BE 0AN>*Y & CONFUSION40 

#a#d4 ,?US !SE POOR PRIMITIVE CREATURES REASON4 ,!RE IS NO FAULT 9 ! ,LOGIC & !RE=E !RE IS NO FAULT SE5 9 ! RESULTS4 ,! ,MATIAMBO BECOMES DRUNK ) P[] ( :I* HE KN[S NOT ! TRUE USE4 ,HE MAY BECOME CRAZY ) VANITY OR ) EMB>RASS+ C>ES1 & !Y SEE HIM 9 ! /REETS ) DRAWN SWORD 9 HIS H&1 CUTT+ (F ! HEADS ( :OMSOEV] HE MEETS"9 TO TE/ ! 0LOYALTY0 ( HIS SUBJECTS6 ,LOYALTY EV5 TO A CRAZY SAVAGE BE+ ! HI<E/ VIRTUE KN[N1 & DISLOYALTY PUNI%$ ) ! MO/ WANTON B>B>ITY4 ,?US ! ,MATIAMBO PROVES A MORE DE/RUCTIVE 5EMY ?AN ALL ! =EIGN]S PUT TOGE!R C\LD PROVE1 IF EA* ONE WAS LEFT2 TO DEF5D HIMSELF3 BUT HORROR-/RICK5 AS ! POOR B>B>IAN SUBJECTS MAY BE1 & TREMBL+ 9 EV]Y LIMB 7= NO ONE KN[S :OSE TURN MAY COME NEXT71 AS A K9D ( PROPITIATORY (F]+ !Y BREAK \T 9 *ORUS3 -- 

          ,HURRAH1 HURRAH1 HURRAH6  

          ,HURRAH = ,HUG-GA-BOO-JUG6  

          ,HURRAH = ,HUG-GA-BOO-JOO6  

          ,! K+ ( ! WORLD IS ! GREAT ,HUG-GA-BOO4  

     ,HURRAH = ! SON ( ! SUN6  

     ,HURRAH = ! SON ( ! MOON6  

     ,IF HE EV] DIES1 HE WILL DIE TOO SOON4  

          ,BUFFALO ( ,BUFFALOES1 ,BULL ( ,BULLS1  

          ,HE SITS ON A ?RONE ( HIS 5EMIES' SKULLS1  

     ,& IF HE WANTS MORE TO PLAY AT FOOT-BALL1  

     ,\RS >E AT HIS S]VICE -- ,ALL1 ALL1 ALL4  

          ,HUG-GA-BOO-JUG -- ,HUG-GA-BOO-JOO6  

          ,! K+ ( ! WORLD IS ! GREAT ,HUG-GA-BOO4 

#a#e4 ,BY SU* EXPLOSIONS ( PATRIOTISM !SE POOR VICTIMS ( CLAN%IP ATTEMPT TO PROLONG !IR MIS]ABLE EXI/5CE4 

#a#f4 ,BUT !SE >E B>B>IANS6 ,CIVILIZATION HAS NEV] YET UNFURL$ H] LIB]AT+ & EXALT+ BANN]6 ,WE HAVE HAD ?IS BANN] 9 ! BREEZE = MANY C5TURIES4 ,WE KILL ONLY ?OSE :O BELONG TO ! WRONG CLAN1 OR ?OSE :O RALLY UND] ! WRONG NAG6 & ?OSE :O WON'T ?9K & DO RI<T1 & :O REFUSE TO JO9 9 \R *ORUS4 -- ,O ,GOD6 5\< ( ?IS SICK5+ P>ALLEL4 ,WE >E AT ?IS MOM5T 9 ! MID/ ( B>B>ISM4 ,CIVILIZATION HAS MADE NO ADVANCE ILL ! POLITICAL SPH]E BEYOND ! MO/ CRUDE & SAVAGE TRIBES4 ,IT HAS MADE LITTLE PROGRESS EXCEPT 9 ME*ANISM4 ,TAKE ?AT AWAY1 & :AT %\LD WE EXHIBIT AS CIVILIZATION8 ,EV5 9 ME*ANISM ! >TS ( DE/RUCTION HAVE GONE BEYOND ?OSE ( PRES]VATION2 & ! BE/ MILIT>Y COMM&] IS ANN\NC$1 )\T BLU%+1 TO BE HE :O CAN MO/ ADROITLY MISLEAD1 DECEIVE1 5TRAP1 & KILL HIS FELL[-M51 :O >E AT LEA/ HIS EQUALS 9 EV]Y VIEW ( MANHOOD & WOR? 6 ,& !SE >E ! MODEL PREC$5TS & MODEL M5 HELD TIP = IMITATION BY ! COM+ G5]ATIONS6 & SU* !Y WILL BE UNLESS A C\NT]CURR5T GETS 9 MOTION4 

#a#g4 ,NO PEOPLE CAN EV] RISE ABOVE ?IS B>B>IAN LEVEL AS LONG AS !Y UNHESITAT+LY FOLL[ ANY LEAD]S )\T ?9K+ :]E !Y >E GO+4 ,WE WANT A ,LU!R 9 ! POLITICAL SPH]E -- & ANO!R 9 ! F9ANCIAL SPH]E1 -- ANO!R 9 ! ,COMM]CIAL1 --ANO!R 9 ! $UCATIONAL SPH]E1 TO R\SE ! PEOPLE TO USE !IR [N EXP]I5CE4 ,N[ IS ! DAY & ! H\R1 :ILE !RE IS NO MAN1 NOR ANY IDEA1 NOR PR9CIPLE BE=E ! PUBLIC ?AT CAN COMM& G5]AL CONFID5CE1 & :ILE ! WANT IS SO PRESS+LY FELT = SOME?+ TO RELY & REPOSE UPON4"9 

#a#h4 ,A CORRECT /& TAK5 N[ ON ! FIRM & SECURE GR\ND ( UNIV]SAL PR9CIPLES1 EV5 BY A FEW HUMBLE M5 & WOM51 MAY RESULT 9 UNSPEAKABLE BLESS+S TO ! FUTURE RACE & EV5 TO ! PRES5T G5]ATION AS WELL AS TO !MSELVES IMM$IATELY4 

#a#i4 ,WE MU/ HAVE A NEW CIVILIZATION OR GIVE UP ! IDEA ALTOGE!R1 & HONE/LY ACKN[L$GE ?AT B>B>ISM IS ! 9EVITABLE NORMAL CONDITION ( MAN4 

#a#a4 ,:AT IS H]E TO BE PROPOS$ WILL WORK2 NO VIOL5CE TO ANY P>TY1 OR CLASS1 OR NATION1 NO H>M TO ANY P]SONS OR PROP]LY4 ,EV]Y /EP IS SELF-REGULAT+ & CONF]S ONLY B5EFITS TO ALL CONC]N$4 ,EA* SUCCESSIVE /EP LEAD+ TO GREAT] & GREAT] B5EFITS1 & NO PROPOSITION REQUIR+ EV5 A VIOL5T *ANGE ( HABITS4 

#a#a#a4 ,! PROGRESS ( CIVILIZATION ?US F> IS FITLY ILLU/RAT$ BY ,*>LES ,LAMB'S ACC\NT ( ! PROGRESS ( ! 9V5TION ( 0,ROA/ PIG10 & P]HAPS HE 9T5D$ IT = ?AT PURPOSE4 ,! /ORY IS SOME:AT MODIFI$ TO ADAPT IT TO ! 0M]IDIAN0 ( #a#h#f#b4 

#a#a#b4 ,ONCE UPON A TIME1 !RE LIV$1 \T ( T[N A WOMAN & H] LITTLE SON1 9 A LOG H\SE4 ,! BOY HAD A LITTLE PET PIG ?AT US$ TO %>E HIS D9N] & HIS B$ AT NI<T4 ,ONE DAY1 ! MO!R & SON W]E ABS5T SOME H\RS1 & :5 !Y RETURN$1 !Y F\ND ?AT !IR CAB9 HAD BE5 BURN$ D[N4 ,! BOY LOOK$ >\ND = HIS PIG1 BUT NOT F9D+ IT1 W5T SORR[FULLY TO POK+ AMONG ! A%ES TO DIV]T HIS M9D FROM HIS TR\BLES1 & RAN ,IRIS F+]S 9TO SOME?+ SO HOT ?AT HE 9VOLUNT>ILY ?RU/ !M 9TO HIS M\? TO COOL !M2 & HE F\ND HIMSELF RA!R PLEAS$ %ALL O!RWISE ) ! TA/E ?AT HE F\ND !RE1 & HE RAN TO HIS MO!R TO LET H] TA/E HIS F+]S4 ,!N !Y BO? W5T TO EXPLORE AMONG ! A%ES = ! EXPLANATION ( ! AGREEABLE TA/E4 ,AFT] CLE>+ AWAY A :ILE1 !Y F\ND ! REMA9S ( ! POOR PIG2 ?AT EXPLA9$ ALL4 ,!Y TOOK ! REMA9S \T ( ! A%ES & SECRETLY ATE ( !M TILL !Y W]E ALL GONE1 & !N ! MO!R 7BE+ A G5IUS7 CONCEIV$ ! BRI<T IDEA ( BUILD+ ANO!R CAB9 & PUTT+ ANO!R PIG 9TO IT & SETT+ ?AT ON FIRE2 & %E CONT9U$ TO DO SO TILL ! NEI<BORS1 SEE+ A FIRE SO (T5 9 ?AT DIRECTION1 NATURALLY BEGAN TO BE CURI\S & TO 9QUIRE 9TO ! CAUSE4 ,BY SOME MEANS !Y F\ND \T ! SECRET1 & ?AT IT FURNI%$ SOME?+ GOOD TO EAT1 & SO BEGAN TO TRY ! EXP]IM5T !MSELVES2 & ! P[-W[S MADE NO OBJECTION4 ,SO ! CU/OM ( BUILD+ CAB9S & PUTT+ A PIG 9 EA*1 & !N SETT+ IT ON FIRE1 SPREAD1 9 ! C\RSE ( FIFTY YE>S1 OV] A SPACE ( T5 MILES R\ND6 ,AT ?IS P]IOD1 SOME LABOR-SAV+ G5IUS SUGGE/$ ?AT !RE WAS NO NE$ ( BUILD+ COMPLETE F9I%$ CAB9S -- ?AT IT W\LD ANSW] JU/ AS WELL1 AFT] HEW+ ! LOGS SQU>E & /RAI<T1 TO PILE !M UP )\T LOCK+ !IR 5DS2 BUT ?IS WAS AT ONCE REBUK$ AS AN 09NOVATION0 -- IT WAS NOT ACCORD+ TO 0PREC$5T40 0,ONE 9NOVATION W\LD LEAD TO ANO!R40 0,TOL]ATION ( ! FIR/ W\LD ONLY LEAD TO BOLDNESS & CONT9U\S 9NOVATION ?AT W\LD NEV] /OP %ORT ( 0UNIV]SAL ,AN>*Y40 ,?AT1 9 FACT1 TOL]ATION ( ! FIR/ W\LD BE ! 09AUGURATION ( UNIV]SAL CONFUSION40 ,!REUPON1 ! LABOR-SAV+ G5IUS F\ND HIS CAB9 SURR\ND$ ) ! ZEAL\S 0PRES]V]S ( ORD]10 READY TO TE> HIM TO PIECES AS SOON AS !Y C\LD GET 9TO HIS CAB94 ,:ILE !Y W]E 5DEAVOR+ TO GET 91 HE SLIPP$ 9TO A HOLE UND] ! MATT+1 :I* HOLE L$ \T 9TO ! WOODS1 :ILE ! PRES]V]S ( ORD] W]E WAT*+ EV]Y \TLET ( ! HUT4 

#a#a#c4 ,HE WAS NEV] HE>D ( AFT]W>DS1 BUT IT WAS SUPPOS$ ?AT HE MADE HIS ESCAPE TO ANO!R NEI<BORHOOD1 & !RE 9TRODUC$ HIS 9NOVATION4 ,& ?IS MODE ( ROA/+ PIGS PREVAIL$ 9 ?AT NEI<BORHOOD OR TRIBE = SOME SIXTY OR SEV5TY YE>S2 :5 ANO!R 9NOVATOR APPE>$ & PROPOS$ TO KILL ! PIG BE=E ROA/+ HIM2 BUT ?IS WAS IMM$IATELY D5\NC$ AS SU* AN UNFEEL+ & HORRIBLY CRUEL PROPOSITION T[>DS ! POOR PIG3 & ?IS 9NOVATOR1 ALSO1 HAD TO ESCAPE = HIS LIFE1 & 9TRODUCE HIS IMPROVEM5T :]E BO? 9NOVATIONS W]E UNKN[N AS SU* BUT W]E SUPPOS$ TO BE ! TRUE1 OR?ODOX WAY ( GETT+ ROA/ PIG4 

#a#a#d4 ,BO? 9NOVATIONS1 ALONG ) ! ORIG9AL 9V5TION1 SPREAD OV] ?IS NEI<BORHOOD 9 SEV5TY OR A HUNDR$ YE>S1 :5 SOME O!R 9NOVATOR PROPOS$ TO CLEAN ! PIG BE=E ROA/+ HIM2 & ALSO ?AT !RE WAS NO NE$ ( HEW+ ! TIMB]S1 NOR GETT+ !M ALL ( ONE L5G?1 NOR ( PUTT+ !M TOGE!R 9 ! =M ( A H\SE4 ,HE SAID ?AT1 ) ALL DUO DEF]5CE TO ! FA!RS1 HE DID NOT SEE :Y ! SAME QUANTITY ( LOGS PIL$ UP >\ND ! PIG SO AS TO 5CLOSE HIM W\LD NOT ANSW] AS WELL AS TO BUILD !M 9TO ! =M ( A H\SE4 

#a#a#e4 ,N[ ! PEOPLE JU/ AB\T ?AT TIME HAD LE>N$ BY TRADITION SOME?+ ( ! HI/ORY ( ROA/ PIG1 & ( ! P]SECUTION ( ?OSE :O BAD RISK$ !IR LIVES 9 BR++ TO !IR DOORS ?AT SAVORY BLESS+ & !Y W]E !N AGITAT+ ! IDEA ( ]ECT+ A MONUM5T TO ! MEMORY ( !IR B5EFACTORS4 ,BUT ! IDEA ( ! MONUM5T WAS SUDD5LY DROPP$1 & NO?+ WAS HE>D BUT 0VIRTU\S0 D5UNCIATIONS AGA9/ SU* 0SWEEP+ 5D :OLESALE 9NOVATIONS40 ,!Y W\LD BE ! 09AUGURATION ( UNIV]SAL CONFUSION10 & ?IS 9NOVATOR1 LIKE ALL ! RE/1 WAS OBLIG$ TO FLY = HIS LIFE2 BUT :]E HE W5T1 OR :AT C\RSE ROA/ PIG TOOK AFT] ?AT1 IS UNKN[N2 BUT IT IS SUPPOS$ ?AT HE1 TOO1 9TRODUC$ IT ) HIS 9NOVATIONS 9TO ! C\NTRY TO :I* HE FL$1 & ?AT 9 ! C\RSE ( F\R ?\S& FIVE HUNDR$ YE>S1 SEV5 CAL5D> MON?S1 & TWO DAYS1 :I* HAVE ELAPS$ S9CE ?AT TIME1 ! PROCESS ( ROA/+ PIGS HAS PROGRESS$ TO :AT WE N[ HAVE1 &1 EXCEPT ME*ANISM1 IT HAS BE5 ! GR& A*IEVEM5T ( ! CIVILIZATION ( ?IS DAY4  
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#a#a#f4 ,CLAN%IP IS ! WOR/ FEATURE ( B>B>ISM4 ,AS SOON AS DIFF]5T TRIBES >E =M$1 EA* MEMB] PREF]S1 OR IS COMPELL$ TO PR(ESS TO PREF]1 HIS [N CLAN OR TRIBE TO ALL O!RS1 ON PA9 ( BE+ MURD]$ AS A 0TRAITOR40 ,HIS MOTTO MU/ BE1 LIKE ?AT ( ,DANIEL ,WEB/]1 ,MY TRIBE1 MY :OLE TRIBE1 & NO?+ BUT MY TRIBE6 ,?AT ( ,DANIEL ,WEB/] WAS1 0,MY C\NTRY1 MY :OLE C\NTRY1 & NO?+ BUT MY C\NTRY60 

#a#a#g4 ,?IS SPIRIT >RAYS ALL TRIBES1 CLANS1 & C\NTRIES AGA9/ EA* O!R2 & HO/ILITIES ONCE COMM5C$ BETWE5 !M1 !Y >E 9CREAS$ & P]PETUAT$ = RETALIATION OR REV5GE1 & EXCUS$ AS 0T]RORS TO EVILDO]S40 ,9 ?IS WAY IT BECOMES EQUIVAL5T TO A DEA?-W>RANT TO BELONG TO ANY CLAN OR P>TY2 & YET1 IF ONE BELONGS TO NONE1 BUT WI%ES TO DISCRIM9ATE & DO JU/ICE BY ACKN[L$G+ ! RI<T ?AT !RE MAY BE AMONG EI!R P>TY1 !N ALL P>TIES >E AGA9/ HIM2 =1 SAY !Y1 0:OEV] IS NOT = US IS AGA9/ US40 

#a#a#h4 ,\R PRES5T 9T]NAL W> IS ( B>B>IAN ORIG94 ,IT GR[S DIRECTLY \T ( CLAN%IP1 OR TRIBEISM4 ,ONE PORTION ( ! TRIBE 7OR NATION7 WANT$ TO =M A TRIBE OR NATION BY ITSELF1 BUT ! O!R PORTION UND]TOOK TO PREV5T !M4 ,!Y SAID ?AT ! 0FA!RS HAD SAID ?AT ! TRIBE %\LD REMA9 ONE & 9SEP>ABLE N[ & =EV]40 ,?AT ! FA!RS HAD SPOK51 & ?AT IT WAS ! DUTY ( ALL ( US TO OBEY4 

#a#a#i4 ,YES1 REPLIES ! O!R P>TY1 0& ! FA!RS HAVE SAID ANO!R ?+ TOO -- !Y SAID ?AT :5EV] ! GOV]NM5T ( A TRIBE WAS NOT SATISFACTORY TO ! GOV]N$1 !Y HAVE A RI<T TO 'ALT] OR ABOLI% IT4'0 

#a#b4 ,BUT1 REPLIES ! FIR/ P>TY1 0Y\ MU/ TAKE ! MODE PRESCRIB$ BY ! CON/ITUTION40 ,BUT1 SAYS ! SECOND1 0WE DON'T *OOSE TO BE RUL$ BY Y\R CON/ITUTION -- IT IS NO LONG] \R CON/ITUTION4 ,IT DOES NOT SUIT US -- WE PROPOSE TO HAVE ONE ( \R [N4 0,BUT1 SAYS ! FIR/ P>TY1 0Y\ MU/ GET A MAJORITY ( ! TRIBE TO CONS5T TO ?AT40 ,BUT1 SAYS ! SECOND1 0WE DO NOT CONS5T TO ASK LEAVE ( Y\R MAJORITY2 & IF Y\ 9SI/ ON ?AT1 Y\ D5Y ALL RI<T ( POLITICAL FRE$OM1 :I* IS A DIRECT RETURN TO B>B>IC GOV]NM5T1 OR TO ! RI<T ( ! /RONGE/4 

#a#b#a4 ,TO ?IS1 ! FIR/ P>TY REPLIES ?AT TO P]MIT DIS9TEGRATION )\T ! CONS5T ( ! MAJORITY IS TO 09AUGURATE UNIV]SAL CONFUSION40 

#a#b#b4 ,N[1 READ]1 JU/ PAUSE A MOM5T4 ,HAD !RE BE5 NO ,CLAN OR 0,UNION0 =M$ AT ALL1 OR HAD IT CONT9U$ NO LONG] ?AN ! OCCASION = IT1 ?IS W> W\LD NEV] HAVE >IS51 -- O!R DI/URBANCES MI<T HAVE COME FROM O!R CAUSES1 BUT NEV] FROM ?IS44 ,BUT1 TO PRES]VE ?IS CLAN%IP UNBROK51 & RETA9 ALL ITS MEMB]S 9 PEACEFUL REPOSE1 ! ADVOCATES ( 0UNBROK5 ,UNION0 ABRUPTLY REFUSE TO NEGOTIATE ) ! REC$+ P>TY 7:O (F] COMP5SATION = :AT !Y MU/ TAKE ) !M71 !REBY F9ALLY D5Y+ !IR RI<T TO BECOME A SEP>ATE P>LEY1 & PRON\NC+ ! F9AL WORD ?AT ! ,UNION RECOGNIZES NO TWO P>TIES :O CAN NEGOTIATE ) EA* O!R2 :I* IS EQUIVAL5T TO SAY+ ?AT ! POLITICAL ,UNION 7OR CLAN%IP7 IS MORE SACR$ ?AN P]SONS1 OR PROP]TY1 OR FRE$OM1 OR ANY O!R 9ALI5ABLE HUMAN RI<T4 ,?US COMPLETELY DE/ROY+ ! LA/ VE/IGE ( UNION BETWE5 ! P>TIES1 & =C+ BO? 9TO HO/ILE ATTITUDES1 & BO? PREP>E TO DE/ROY EA* O!R4 

#a#b#c4 ,N[ >E HE>D ! WAILS ( DI/RESS FROM ALL QU>T]S4 ,! PAP]S >E FILL$ ) ACC\NTS ( BRUTAL VIOL5CE ON BO? SIDES -- VILLAGES BURN+ -- M5 HANG+ -- F]OCITY LET LOOSE 9 EV]Y HORRID %APE & =M4 ,! HEAT$ PASSIONS ON BO? SIDES BECOME MORE & MORE F]OCI\S1 -- A CURI\S WAY TO PROMOTE 0,UNION06 ,A FR5ZY ( RAGE SWEEPS OV] ! L& :ILE ,I WRITE4 ,! LA/ /EP ( DESPOTISM HAS BE5 TAK5 BY BO? GOV]NM5TS4 ,FRE$OM ( ACTION & SPEE* >E ANNIHILAT$ 9 0! L& ( ! FREE & ! HOME ( ! BRAVE40 ,EV5 !SE WRITT5 WORDS MAY PROVE ! DEA?-W>RANT ( ! WRIT]4 ,NO?+ BUT ! CLAMOR ( W> & ! FE> ( PRISONS & VIOL5T DEA?S1 SMO!R1 = ! MOM5T1 ! L[ MOAN FROM DESOLAT$ HE>?S & BROK5 HE>TS FROM ! DEP?S ( ! HELL WE >E 96 

,9 ! MEAN TIME1 :]E IS ! 0,UNION08 

#a#b#d4 ,READ]1 LET US PAUSE A MOM5T TO REFLECT ?AT ALL ?IS IS ! NATURAL & 9EVITABLE RESULT ( CLAN%IP6 ,IF ! CLAN OR 0,UNION0 HAD NEV] BE5 =M$1 OR BAD IT CONT9U$ NO LONG] ?AN WAS AGREEABLE TO ! P>TIES TO IT1 ?IS W> W\LD NEV] HAVE OCCURR$4 

#a#b#e4 ,I TAKE UP SOME ( ! PAP]S NE>E/ AT H&1 & ,I READ ?AT ONE MAN IS NAIL$ TO A TREE -- ABSOLUTELY CRUCIFI$ & LEFT1 GAGG$ -- />V+ TO DEA? = SEV]AL DAYS2 NOT = ANY ( HIS [N ACTS1 BUT = ! ACTS OR !ORIES ( HIS CLAN OR P>TY6 ,IMM$IATELY ! CRY ( 0REV5GE0 IS HE>D -- NOT AGA9/ ! P>TICUL> P]PETRATORS ( ! HORRID DE$1 BUT AGA9/ ! P>TY OR CLAN TO :I* HE BELONGS6 -- ! 9NOC5T PORTIONS ( :OM >E MORE LIKELY TO SUFF] = ! CRIME ?AN ! P]PETRATORS ( IT4 ,?US CLAN%IP1 ANNIHILAT+ ALL 9DIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY LEAVES RAPACITY & CRUELTY UNRE/RA9$4 

#a#b#f4 ,AGA9 ,I READ1 0,T5 ?\S& M5 KILL$ & W\ND$1 BUT A MU* L>G] NUMB] ON ! 5EMY'S SIDE4 ,! T[N ( ,S--- 9 A%ES2 ,N--- IS ?REAT5$2 ! VILLAGE ( ,B--- 9 FLAMES )9 SI<T1 & OLD M51 *ILDR51 & WOM5 SCREAM+ FRANTICALLY1 & RUNN+ 9 ALL DIRECTIONS60 

#a#b#g4 ,! BLOOD BOILS1 ! BRA9 IS ON FIRE :5 ! CORPSE ( A DE> SON1 A FA!R1 OR HUSB& IS F\ND ON ! FIELD1 OR AMID ! RU9S ( ONCE PEACEFUL HOMES4 ,FR5ZY & DESPAIR TAKE POSSESSION ( SOME1 & A DESP]ATE SPIRIT ( REV5GE 9SPIRES O!R WOM5 :O WILL SOON BE MO!RS2 ( ! *ILDR5 BORN 9 ! MID/ ( !SE HORRORS1 MANY WILL BE /ILLBORN1 O!RS :OLLY OR P>TLY IDIOTS1 O!RS ) AN UNCONTROLLABLE H]$IT>Y DISPOSITION TO %$ BLOOD -- TO DE/ROY :ATEV] OR :OEV] COMES 9 !IR WAY4 ,!NL COME MORE W>S1 MURD]S1 & VIOL5CE BEYOND COMPUTATION 6 ,:AT !N1 IS ! PROSPECT = ! NEXT G5]ATION & !IR DESC5DANTS6 ,LET IT BE OBS]V$ ?AT1 BE=E DISPLAY+ SU* %OCK+ PROSPECTS1 ! PREV5TIVE HAS BE5 ALREADY PRES5T$ 9 ! FIR/ *APT]4 ,LET US SEE IF ! PREV5TIVE IS REALLY !RE4 

#a#b#h4 ,:5 ONE P>TY FIR/ PROPOS$ TO DIS9TEGRATE ITSELF FROM ! POLITICAL 0,UNION0 7CLAN71 IF ! O!R PORTION HAD SAID1 ACCORD+ TO ! ,DECL>ATION ( ,9DEP5D5CE1 0,AS ! RI<T ( ANY PEOPLE TO ALT] OR ABOLI% ANY GOV]NM5T IS ABSOLUTE & '9ALI5ABLE1' ( C\RSE1 Y\ HAVE ! :OLE ( ! DECID+ P[] 9 Y\R [N H&S4 ,WE CAN HAVE NO VOICE 9 ! MATT] UNLESS Y\ DESIRE IT AS C\NSEL4 ,WE ?9K IT W\LD BE A DANG]\S & DIFFICULT EXP$I5T = BO? P>TIES2 BUT ?IS OP9ION WE SUBMIT ONLY AS ADVICE4 ,IF Y\ DECIDE ON LEAV+ US1 WE HAVE SOME =TS1 M9TS1 & O!R COMMUNI/IC PROP]TY TO DIVIDE1 BUT WE ANTICIPATE NO DIFFICULTY 9 REG>D TO ?AT4 ,EA* P>TY1 OR BO? TOGE!R1 CAN CALL C\NCILS ( ! BE/-BALANC$ M9DS TO DELIB]ATE ON ! SUBJECT & SUGGE/ ! BE/ MODES ( ADJU/M5T1 & WE D>E SAY ?AT ?IS WILL NOT BE DIFFICULT40 

#a#b#i4 ,W\LD NOT ?IS MODE1 OR RA!R ?IS GREAT PR9CIPLE1 HAV+ BE5 APPLI$ 9 ! RI<T TIME1 HAVE PREV5T$ ALL !SE HORRORS & ?IS DE/RUCTION8 

#a#c4 ,:AT IS ! REPLY TO ?IS8 ,IS IT :AT WE SEE 9 ! NEWSPAP]S8 -- ?AT IT W\LD 05C\RAGE DIS9TEGRATION & BE ! '9AUGURATION ( UNIV]SAL CONFUSION'80 ,?AT ! W> IS 0TO PRES]VE ! NATION AS A NATION & ! ',UNION' UNBROK580 ,!SE /ATEM5TS1 UNI=MLY 9SI/$ ON1 EV5 BY ! EXECUTIVE HIMSELF1 PROVE DECID$LY & FULLY ?AT ! W> HAS BE5 9AUGURAT$ & PROSECUT$ M]ELY TO PRES]VE CLAN%IP1 AS ,I HAVE /AT$1 = NATIONALITY IS NO MORE OR LESS ?AN CLAN%IP1 & CLAN%IP IS ! WOR/ FEATURE ( B>B>ISM4 ,I DO NOT ACCUSE ANY ONE ( 9T5TIONAL WICK$NESS NOR ( WANTONNESS OR 9DIFF]5CE TO ! HORRORS ?AT SURR\ND & 9VOLVE US2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ,I SEE ! :OLE TO BE A LAM5TABLE MI/AKE1 ! UNAVOIDABLE RESULT ( A BL9D REV]5CE = PREC$5TS1 = LEGAL TE*NICALITIES & =MAL 9/ITUTIONS1 9/EAD ( = ! DEEP UND]LY+ PR9CIPLES :I* GAVE RISE TO ! 9/ITUTIONS4 ,N[ LOOK AT ! RESULTS6 ,IF WE >E N[ 9 CIVILIZATION1 :AT IS B>B>ISM 8 

#a#c#a4 ,LET US1 9 IMAG9ATION AT LEA/1 HAVE DONE ) CLAN%IP1 & CONV]SE AS TWO 9DIVIDUALS DIS9TEGRAT$ FROM ALL P>TY OR P>TIAL TRAMMELS4 

#a#c#b4 ,A--- SAYS1 0,I CAN F9D NO FAULT ) ! PROPOSITION Y\ MAKE ) REG>D TO ! C\NCILS ( DELIB]ATION OR REF]5CE1 & FEEL HAPPY TO ?9K ?AT ! GREAT IDEA UND]LY+ \R 9/ITUTIONS IS NOT =GOTT5 OR IGNOR$1 BUT ?AT IT EV5 9/RUCTS US :AT TO DO 9 ! GREATE/ & MO/ DIFFICULT TRIAL4 ,BUT WILY DO Y\ ?9K ?AT AN IMM$IATE SEP>ATION W\LD BE A BAD EXP$I5T = BO? ( US80 

#a#c#c4 ,B--- REPLIES1 0,FIR/ ON ACC\NT ( ! GEOGRAPHICAL 9T]LOCK+S ( \R 9T]E/S :I* MAY BE V]Y DIFFICULT TO DIS5TANGLE SUDD5LY4 ,!N !RE IS Y\R SLAVE SY/EM4 ,! RI<T ( SELF-SOV]EIGNTY 9 EV]Y HUMAN BE+1 :I* GIVES Y\ ! SUPREME RI<T TO LEAVE US )\T ASK+ \R LEAVE GIVES TO Y\R SLAVES ! SAME RI<T TO LEAVE Y\1 & ALSO GIVES TO EV]Y MAN1 WOMAN1 & *ILD ! SAME SUPREME RI<T TO SYMPA?IZE ) AN #a ASSI/ ! DI/RESS$ OR OPPRESS$ :]EV] !Y >E F\ND AS ! GREATE/ & HOLIE/ MISSION ( LIFE2 & ?IS MI<T LEAD TO NEW DISA/]S = :I* WE HAVE NO PREV5TIVE OR REM$Y PROVID$4 ,Y\ HAVE BE5 BORN UND] ! SY/EM1 & Y\R HABITS MAKE Y\ 5TIRELY DEP5D5T UPON SLAVES4 ,I DO NOT BLAME Y\ = ! CIRCUM/ANCES UND] :I* Y\ W]E BORN2 ,I H>DLY KN[ :I* ( ! TWO CLASSES IS MO/ 5SLAV$1 OR MO/ TO BE PITI$1 SLAVES OR MA/]S4 

#a#c#d4 0,! PR9CIPLE UPON :I* Y\ CLAIM ! RI<T TO SEC$E FROM US IS P]FECTLY UNASSAILABLE IT IS ! '9ALI5ABLE' RI<T ( SELF-SOV]EIGNTY BUT IT EXT5DS F>!R ?AN Y\ MAY HAVE CONTEMPLAT$ IT4 ,IT IS A FULL & COMPLETE W>RANT = ANY ONE ( Y\R CITIZ5S TO PLACE HIMSELF ABOVE ALL Y\R LEGISLATION1 ABOVE ! :OLE CONF$]ACY1 & APPEAL TO ! WORLD = PROTECTION3 & HAV+ ASS]T$ ! PR9CIPLE 9 Y\R [N FAVOR1 Y\ CANNOT SUCCESSFULLY D5Y IT TO O!RS4 ,PROP]LY & FULLY UND]/OOD1 IT IS ! GREAT & F9AL SOLUTION ( ALL POLITICAL1 & ,I MAY SAY ALL /RIFE AMONG M52 BUT IT MI<T WORK DISA/R\SLY AMONG AN IGNORANT POPULATION1 )\T PREP>ATION4 

#a#c#e4 0,I CANNOT SAY :AT O!RS MAY DO1 &1 AS Y\ KN[1 ,I CANNOT DICTATE TO O!RS1 )\T D5Y+ !IR RI<T TO ?9K2 & DECIDE = !MSELVES2 BUT :ILE ,I ASS]T ! RI<T ( FRE$OM TO ALL SLAVES1 BLACK & :ITE1 ,I WILL EX]T MYSELF TO =ESEE & PREV5T1 AS F> AS POSSIBLE1 ALL UNNECESS>Y VIOL5CE TO Y\ FROM SLAVES OR FROM ANY O!R S\RCE40 

#a#c#f4 ,A--- ASKS1 0,IS ?IS ! PHILOSOPHY ( Y\R P>TY8 ,IF IT IS1 ,I BELONG TO IT1 9 ! ',UNION' OR \T ( ! ',UNION4'0 

#a#c#g4 ,B---1 0,I CANNOT SPEAK = A P>TY1 BUT ONLY = MYSELF POSITIVELY1 & ( PROBABILITIES ) REG>D TO O!R 9DIVIDUALS AS F> AS ,I KN[ !M4 ,NO O!R P]SON IS 9 ANY WAY PL$G$ TO OR RESPONSIBLE = ANY?+ ,I MAY SAY OR PROMISE40 

#a#c#h4 ,A---1 0,BUT :AT %ALL BE DONE ) ! CON/ITUTION 8 0 

#a#c#i4 ,B--- 1 0,I DO NOT KN[ :AT O!RS MAY DO ) IT -- MY CON/ITUTION IS )9 ME4 ,! RI<T ( SELF-SOV]EIGNTY 9 EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL IS MY CON/ITUTION40 

#a#d4 ,A---1 0,REALLY1 ?IS IS RA!R A NEW VIEW TO TAKE ( POLITICS1 BUT IT IS 9 P]FECT ACCORDANCE ) ! SPIRIT ( ALL CON/ITUTIONS4 ,I F9D MYSELF 9 UNION ) Y\ AT ANY RATE2 ON ?AT PR9CIPLE !RE NEV] CAN BE SECESSION ET ALL4 ,!RE CAN BE NO SECESSION FROM ! FRE$OM TO SEC$E60 

#a#d#a4 ,B--- 10 ,I AM EXCE$+LY HAPPY TO COME TO ?IS UND]/&+ ) Y\1 & AT A FUTURE TIME1 IF Y\ DESIRE IT1 ,I WILL PRES5T TO Y\ SOME ?\<TS REG>D+ A PRACTICAL & EASY MODE ( EM]G+ FROM ALL SLAV]IES ( ALL COLORS40 

#a#d#b4 ,A--- 1 0 ,I %ALL BE HAPPY TO LI/540 

#a#d#c4 ,B---1 0 ,ADIEU = ! PRES5T1 & IF Y\ FE> ANY SUDD5 WANTON VIOL5CE FROM ANY QU>T]1 LET ME KN[ IT IMM$IATELY3 WE HAVE 2A =CE ALREADY DRILL$ & DISCIPL9$1 :OSE SOLE AIM IT4 IS TO PREV5T OR RE/RA9 ALL WANTON VIOL5CE T[>DS ,A,N,Y P]SON OR PROP]TY1 )\T REG>D TO TRIBE1 CLAN1 CLASS1 SECT1 COLOR1 OR NATION40 

#a#d#d4 ,READ]1 IF ?IS C\RSE HAD BE5 TAK5 AT ! FIR/ 9TIMATION ( A WI% TO )DRAW FROM :AT IS CALL$ ! 0,UNION10 :AT W\LD PROBABLY HAVE BE5 \R CONDITION N[ COMP>$ TO :AT IT IS8 ,YET NO COMPROMISE HAS BE5 MADE ( HUMAN RI<TS1 BUT ON ! CONTR>Y ! FULLE/ V9DICATION ( !M HAS BE5 MA9TA9$ FROM ! BEG9N+ TO ! CUD3 BUT BECAUSE ?IS C\RSE WAS NOT PURSU$1 WE >E COMMITT$ TO UNLIMIT$ MUTUAL DE/RUCTION4 

#a#d#e4 ,! TWO GREAT CLANS >E NOT ONLY DIS9TEGRAT$1 BUT HO/ILE2 & NEI<BORS1 FAMILIES1 & ! DE>E/ FRI5DS >E NOT ONLY DIS9TEGRAT$1 BUT MADE 5EMIES TO EA* O!R FROM NATURAL & UNAVOIDABLE DIFF]5CES ( OP9ION & POLITICS1 BECAUSE !RE IS NO C5TRAL IDEA1 NO PR9CIPLE KN[N R\ND :I* !Y CAN RALLY & AGREE1 & 9 NO P>TY HAS ,F,R,E,$,O,M ,T,O ,D,I,F,F,] BE5 PRACTICALLY E/ABLI%$ AS A REGULAT+ ?\<T4 ,SELF-SOV]EIGNTY IS ! C5TRAL IDEA OR PR9CIPLE REQUIR$4 

#a#d#f4 ,HAV+ OV]LOOK$ ! NECESS>Y REGULATOR1 :AT IS !RE LEFT = US1 AS SELF-RESPECT+ M51 BUT TO FRANKLY ACKN[L$GE ! BLUND]1 & MAKE ALL L9T' REP>ATION 9 \R P[] NOT 9CONSI/5T ) TIRE REGULATOR ITSELF4 

#a#d#g4 #a W\LD GLADLY TURN N[ FROM ! SICK5+1 FA9T+ PATI5T BE=E US1 BUT MU/ PROBE A LITTLE F>!R4 

#a#d#h4 ,CLAN%IP1 BY DE/ROY+ 9DIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY1 5ABLES ! CRAFTY CRIM9AL TO ESCAPE1 & EXPOSE ! 9NOC5T ( HIS TRIBE TO RETRIBUTION4 ,SIX M5 >E HUNG ON ONE TREE = D>+ TO BE ( ! O!R P>TY1 & ?OSE :O HUNG !M BELONG$ TO ! P>TY PR(ESS+ TO BE CONT5D+ = ,FRE$OM6 ,O!RS >E =C$ TO EXPOSE !IR LIVES & DIE FI<T+ AGA9/ ! P>TY ( !IR *OICE6 ,!Y MU/ DO ?IS OR BE %OT BY ORD] ( !IR RUL]S6 

#a#d#i4 ,READ]1 :I* P>TY DO Y\ ?9K IT WAS ?AT HUNG !SE M5 = A DIFF]5CE ( POLITICAL PREF]5CES8 ,:I* P>TY IS IT ?AT =CES M51 ) 09ALI5ABLE RI<TS ( LIFE1 LIB]TY1 & ! PURSUIT ( HAPP9ESS10 TO FI<T AGA9/ !IR [N WILLS OR BE %OT8 ,:I* P>TY IS IT ?AT MURD]S M5 = TAK+ FL[N A FLAG1 OR PREF]R+ ONE FLAG TO ANO!R8 ,:I* P>TY IS IT ?AT PR(ESSES TO BE FI<T+ = ,FRE$OM8 

#a#e4 ,OH1 :AT QUE/IONS TO ASK 9 ! N9ETE5? C5TURY ( ,*RI/IAN CIVILIZATION6 ,& :AT A POSITION TO PLACE ONE 9 :O UND]TAKES TO ANSW] !M6 

#a#e#a4 ,HE MU/ REPLY1 ,IT IS BO? P>TIES6 & ?AT BO? PR(ESS TO BE CONT5D+ = ,FRE$OM6 

#a#e#b4 ,BO? CLAIM TO BE CONT5D+ = SELF-PRES]VATION6 ,?AT IS NO?+ NEW1 BUT ?AT ALL ! P[]S ( BO? P>TIES %\LD BE BE/[$ 9 DE/ROY+ 9/EAD ( PRES]V+ LIFE1 PROP]TY1 & ,FRE$OM CAN BE ACC\NT$ = ONLY BY ! BL9D READ9ESS ) :I* ! PRES5T IMITATES ! PA/1 )\T ANY REF]5CE TO ! 9EVITABLE CONSEQU5CES ?AT >E SURE TO FOLL[4 ,:I* P>TY IS IT ?AT DOES NOT SUPPRESS ! FRE$OM ( ACTION1 ( SPEE*1 & ( ! PRESS & PUNI% ) IMPRISONM5T OR DEA? AN HONE/ AV[AL ( AN OP9ION 9 FAVOR ( ! OPPOSITE P>TY 8 

#a#e#c4 ,:I* P>TY IS IT ?AT DOES NOT TREAT AS TREASON1 PUNI%ABLE ) DEA?1 ! ADMISSION ( A S+LE PO9T :]E9 ! OPPOSITE P>TY MAY BE RI<T1 AS 0GIV+ AID & COM=T TO ! 5EMY08 ,9 O!R WORDS1 :I* P>TY IS IT ?AT DOES NOT ?REAT5 TO PUNI% ) DEA? ?AT S+LE ITEM ( JU/ICE8 ,:O W\LD EV] ?9K ( 9TRODUC+ QUELL MON/R\S RULES IF !Y W]E NEW8 ,BUT !Y >E F\ND AMONG ! 0PREC$5TS10 ! 0USAGES ( GOV]NM5TS60 0! LAWS ( W>10 0! LAWS ( NATIONS10 & >E !RE=E BL9DLY FOLL[$ ?\< !Y LEAD ! V]Y LEAD]S 9TO ! DIT* OR OV] ! PRECIPICE4 ,?IS BL9D REPETITION ( B>B>ISM MU/ BE CRITICIZ$ & /OPP$1 OR ONE CONT9U\S R\ND ( MUTUAL MURD] & DE/RUCTION WILL CONT9UE TO ! 5D ( TIME4 

#a#e#d4 ,! FLANG+ ( !SE M5 & ! DESOLAT+ ( !IR FAMILIES WAS 9 /RICT LOGICAL ACCORDANCE ) ! B>B>IAN 0LAWS ( W>10 :I* >E AN EV]-READY EXCUSE = EV]Y WILD & %OCK+ ATROCITY ?AT RAPACITY1 REV5GE1 OR WANTONNESS MAY PROMPT4 ,! 0LAWS ( W>10 SAY !SE B>B>IANS1 PUT ALL ! MEMB]S ( A TRIBE 7NATION7 9 HO/ILITY ) EA* O!R6 & :5 AT W> WE MAY PROP]LY 0 DO ALL ! H>M WE CAN TO \R 5EMIES40 ,BO? P>TIES TAKE !IR TEXTS FROM ! SAME AU?ORITIES4 ',! 0LAWS ( W>10 0MILIT>Y NECESSITY10 ! LAWS ( NATIONS1 >E CON/ANTLY 9 ! M\?S ( BO? P>TIES AS EXCUSES = ALL !IR B>B>IAN ACTS1 & YET1 :5 ONE COMMITS AN ATROCITY 9 /RICT ACCORDANCE ) !SE ADMITT$ AXIOMS1 ! O!R P>TY =?) TALKS ( REV5GE6 

#a#e#e4 ,IF ONE P>TY IS MORE HUMANE OR MORE CIVILIZ$ ?AN ! O!R1 IT ACTS LESS 9 ACCORDANCE ) !SE 0LAWS ( W> 20 & IF ONE 9DIVIDUAL IS MORE CIVILIZ$ OR HUMANE ?AN ! RE/ ( HIS P>TY1 OR BO? P>TIES1 HE IS NOT AT HOME 9 EI!R2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 = HIS BEAUTIFUL HUMANIT>Y FEEL+S1 = HIS HI< S5SE ( HONOR1 JU/ICE1 & DISCRIM9ATION1 HE HAS TWO *ANCES ( BE+ MURD]$1 :]E BL9D1 HEADLONG P>TY F]OCITY HAS ONLY ONE6 

#a#e#f4 ,& SO IT HAS ALWAYS BE5 UND] ALL POLITICAL SY/EMS OR CODES1 AS ILLU/RAT$ BY ! CASE ( ,G5]AL ,PATKUL1 :O WAS BROK5 ON ! :EEL BY ORD] ( ,*>LES ,X,I,I41 ( ,SW$51 UND] A *>GE ( 0TREASON10 = ATTEMPT+1 BY PACIFIC NEGOTIATIONS1 TO BR+ AB\T A CESSATION ( HO/ILITIES BETWE5 HIS C\NTRY & ITS ANTAGONI/4 ,! HUMANITY ( ,PATKUL DID NOT %[ SUFFICI5T LOYALTY TO ,*>LES'S 0AU?ORITY06 

#a#e#g4 ,!RE >E NO 0 LAWS ( W>10 0NOR LAWS ( NATIONS10 NOR MILIT>Y NECESSITIES1 NOR LAWS ( M51 ?AT \<T TO COMM& A MOM5T'S RESPECT OR ATT5TION1 UNLESS !Y T5D TO DIM9I% SUFF]+ 9/EAD ( 9CREAS+ IT3 & TRUE CIVILIZATION WILL DISC>D EV]Y?+1 ?AT PROMPTS OR EXCUSES ANY UNNECESS>Y VIOL5CE TO ANY P]SON OR PROP]TY4 

#a#e#h4 ,! FATAL T5D5CY ( AN UNQUE/ION+ READ9ESS TO FOLL[ PREC$5TS MAY POSSIBLY HAVE L$ TO ! %OCK+ EASE ( CRUCIFIXION M5TION$2 P]HAPS IT WAS PROMPT$ BY ! COMMON BLUND] AS A 0T]ROR TO EVILDO]S10 P]HAPS ! HORRID ?\<T WAS FIR/ SUGGE/$ TO ! P]PETRATORS BY ! PREC$5T SO PA9FULLY FAMILI> TO ALL ,*RI/5DOM4 

#a#e#i4 ,A SIMIL> ATROCITY WAS P]PETRAT$ 9 ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION ,A Y\NG WOMAN ONLY = BE+ ( ! O!R P>TY1 A FACT OV] :I* %E HAD NO CONTROL1 WAS ALSO CRUCIFI$4 ,H] FEET W]E SPIK$ TO ! GR\ND1 WIDE AP>T1 & %E WAS MADE TO /& BY A TREE1 TO :I* %E WAS B\ND1 & A SL[ FIRE WAS PLAC$ & KEPT UND] H] TILL %E DI$ 9 ! MO/ EXCRUCIAT+ TORTURE4 

#a#f4 ,N[ ?AT ! RACE IS SO F> SUNK51 EI!R BY H]$IT>Y PROP5SITIES1 OR BY A CONT9U\S1 UNHESITAT+ COPY+ ( ! PA/1 :AT CAN WE DO BETT] ?AN TO /EP UP AT ONCE ABOVE !SE HORRID PREC$5TS & AU?ORITIES1 & 9T]F]E TO PREV5T ALL UNNECESS>Y & WANTON VIOL5CE8 ,?IS WAS PROBABLY ! ORIG9AL DESIGN ( MAK+ LAWS1 AS IT IS CELL$1 & TRIAL BY JURY1 ETC41 BUT !Y HAVE ALL FAIL$2 = B>B>ISM & 9SANE VIOL5CE REIGN TRIUMPHANT ?R\<\T ! MISNOM] ( CIVILIZATION4 

#a#f#a4 ,DID HUMAN BE+S EV] COMMIT ANY O!R BLUND] SO GREAT AS ?AT ( =M+ !MSELVES 9TO CLANS OR NATIONS8 ,:5 ! PASSIONS OR PROP5SITIES HAVE POSSESSION1 ! 9TELLECT SLEEPS1 & RESPONSIBILITY BE+ ANNIHILAT$1 !RE IS NO?+ TOO HORRIBLE TO EXPECT4 ,I V5TURE ! ASS]TION ?AT !RE IS BUT ,O,I,I,C WAY TO EM]GE FROM ?IS O!RWISE 5DLESS *AOS ( MIS]Y & DEGRADATION2 ?AT IS1 DIRECTLY TO BE/[ ALL PRACTICABLE 5]GIES 9 ! DIRECTION 9DICAT$ 9 ! FIR/ *APT]1 & TO SOLICIT ! COOP]ATION ( ALL P]SONS1 )\T REG>D TO P>TY1 SECT1 !ORIES1 SEX1 OR NATION1 TO CONSID] 9 LEISURE & 9 CALMNESS ! BASIS ( TRUE CIVILIZATION4 

#a#f#b4 ,CLAN%IP CAN EXI/ AMONG FI%ES ( ONE K9D AMONG ANTS1 BEES1 & O!R 9SECTS1 & AMONG ! CRUDE CLANS ( M51 :O LIKE ANTS1 BEES1 OR DRI$ H]R+S ON A /ICK1 HAVE NO 9DIVIDUAL DEVELOPM5T1 BUT :O >E ALL ALIKE4 ,:5 ! M5TAL EYES !Y HAD HAVE BE5 PUN*$ \T BY B>B>IAN P[] 9 ! PROCESS ( /R++ !M ON ! /ICK ( SUBORD9ATION OR LOYALTY3 & IF NO 9TELLECTUAL EXPANSION W]E POSSIBLE1 CLAN%IP W\LD CONT9UE TO DESOLATE ! E>?2 BUT JU/ 9 PROPORTION TO 9TELLECTUAL EXPANSION1 9DIVIDUALITY MAKES ITS APPE>ANCE1 & BEG9S TO CONFLICT ) ! DRI$-H]R+ SUBORD9ATION1 & NATURALLY GIVES RISE TO ! FIR/ /EPS 9DIS9TEGRATION OR ! COMM5CEM5T ( TRUE CIVILIZATION6 

#a#f#c4 ,=TUNATELY = US1 EXT]NAL =CE CANNOT LIMIT NOR SUPPRESS IDEAS4 ,TAKE A HUNDR$ P]SONS AS COMPLETELY 0UNITIZ$10 & AS DE/ITUTE ( IDEAS AS DRI$ H]R+S1 & PLACE !M )9 A BUILD+ HAV+ IRON WELLS ?REE FEET ?ICK1 & GU>D$ BY A ?\S& M51 IDEAS MAY F9D !IR WAY AMONG !M ?AT CAN LIB]ATE !M FROM ?AT CONDITION1 OR DE/ROY !M4 

#a#f#d4 ,A SAVAGE :O HAS = HALF A LIFETIME EAT5 ) HIS F+]S \T ( ! SAME DI% ) TW5TY O!RS1 ALL OB/RUCT+ EA* O!R'S MOVEM5TS1 CONCEIVES1 P]HAPS1 ! IDEA ( A WOOD5 PADDLE OR A PO9T$ /ICK TO USE 9 ! COMMUNI/IC DI% -- BUT IT'S NOT 0 ! FA%ION 06 ,IT IS NOT 0 ACCORD+ TO PREC$5TS06 ,IT IS NOT :AT 0! FA!RS 9T5D$06 ,BUT HE MAY SAY TO HIMSELF1 0 ,I AM NOT ONE ( ! FA!RS1 -- ,I AM ANO!R P]SON4 ,I DON'T SEE :Y ,I %\LD NOT HAVE MY WAY AS WELL AS !Y1 PROVID$ ,I DO NOT PUT ! FA!RS1 NOR ANYBODY ELSE1 TO ANY 9CONV5I5CE40 

#a#f#e4 ,N[ AS SOON AS HE BEG9S TO REASON 9 ?IS WAY1 A PROSPECTIVE GOOD-BY TO ! DRI$-H]R+ SUBORD9ATION1 TO ,LOYALTY1 & ! ,HUG-GA-BOO *ORUS1 = TRUE CIVILIZATION HAS BEGUN4 ,HE MAY BE OBLIG$ TO FLY FROM HIS CLAN OR C\NTRY1 BUT ?AT ITSELF =CES UPON HIM ! 9DIVIDUAL DI% -- ! CONV5I5CES ( :I* WILL NOT BE WILL+LY RESIGN$1 & ! EXAMPLE ( :I* MI<T PROVE AS CONTAM9AT+ AS ROA/ PIG4 

#a#f#f4 ,! G]M ( TRUE CIVILIZATION IS N[ FAIRLY PLANT$ & P]HAPS IT EXP&S SO F> ?AT HE SEES ?AT A SEP>ATE SLEEP+ AP>TM5T W\LD BE MORE AGREEABLE TO ALL 9 A HOT CLIMATE ?AN SLEEP+ 9 ONE NE/ ) TW5TY OR ?IRTY O!RS1 LIKE A LITT] ( PIGS2 BUT !N ?IS W\LD BE 0 DIS9TEGRATION10 & MI<T NOT BE P]MITT$ BY ! 0MAJORITY10 = IT IS 0ISOLATION0 & 0SELFI%NESS10 & NOT ACCORD+ TO ! 0PREC$5TS0 & 0BE/ AU?ORITIES20 0SOCIETY HAS A RI<T TO ! SOCIETY ( ALL ITS MEMB]S40 0 ,WELL10 SAYS ! SAVAGE1 0,I WILL NOT !N BE A MEMB] ( ANY SOCIETY -- ,I WILL BE AN 9DIVIDUAL40 

#a#f#g4 ,N[ A PIECE ( GR\ND IS WANT$ TO /& HIS H\SE UPON4 ,?IS POSSESSION ( A PIECE ( L& DIS9TEGRAT$1 9DIVIDUALIZ$ FROM ! COMMUNI/IC DOMA91 HAS BE5 CONSID]$ ONE ( ! GREATE/ & MO/ 9DISP5SABLE FEATURES ( CIVILIZATION1 & SO IT IS4 ,BUT BEYOND ?IS1 SOCIETY HAS ATTA9$ LITTLE OR NO?+ BY ! WAY ( ADJU/M5T4 

#a#f#h4 ,A B>B>IAN /ROLL+1 UPON ! BEA*1 P]HAPS 9 SE>* ( TORTOISES1 ACCID5TALLY PICKS UP A LITTLE %ELL ?AT IS RA!R NEW TO HIM1 & HE %[S IT TO ANO!R SAVAGE1 :O1 = ! SAKE ( ! NOVELTY1 (F]S TO GIVE HIM = IT ! BEAV] :I* HE HAS JU/ CAU<T1 & ! EX*ANGE IS MADE2 & SO1 LIKE ! PROGRESS ( ROA/ PIG1 ! SECOND [N] ( ! %ELL1 :5 HIS CURIOSITY ITS SATISFI$1 GIVES IT TO A ?IRD P]SON = A TORTOISE-%ELL4 ,A %IP >RIVES ON ! COA/ 9 SE>* ( TORTOISE-%ELLS1 & GIVES ?IS SAVAGE BEADS1 NAILS1 & A HAT*ET = HIS %ELL4 ,IMM$IATELY EV]Y SAVAGE AB&ONS HIS HUNT+ ( BEAV]S & EV]Y O!R PURSUIT = ! HUNT+ ( TORTOISES2 9 ! C\RSE ( :I* !Y F9D MORE ( ! LITTLE %ELLS1 & GIVE !M ! NAME ( 0C[RIES40 ,ONE 0C[RY0 ONCE HAV+ PUR*AS$ A BEAV]1 ?IS 0PREC$5T0 IS ACCEPT$ AS 0AU?ORITY 0 = ! 0M>KET-PRICE0 ( A BEAV]2 SO AS MANY 0C[RIES0 AS EA* F9DS1 SO MANY BEAV]S HE CONSID]S HIMSELF 0WOR?10 &1 BY DEGREES1 AS ?IS 0ROA/ PIG0 PROGRESSES1 !SE 0C[RIES0 >E GIV5 & RECEIV$ = IVORY1 FI%1 ETC41 & BECOME A CIRCULAT+ M$IUM1 OR MONEY4 ,BUT1 9 MAK+ !SE EX*ANGES NO REF]5CE :ATEV] IS HAD TO ! TIME OR TR\BLE 9 PROCUR+ EI!R ! 0C[RIES0 OR ! >TICLES EX*ANG$ = !M2 IT BE+ ALTOGE!R A MATT] ( ACCID5T1 NO CALCULATIONS CAN BE MADE4 ,!RE IS NO BASIS = CALCULATION2 BUT ! 0C[RIES0 PROVE V]Y CONV5I5T2 = !Y 5ABLE EA* ONE TO CONF9E HIS ATT5TION & PREP>ATIONS TO ONE P>TICUL> PURSUIT1 & TO EX*ANGE ITS PRODUCTS = ALL ! ?+S HE NE$S1 9/EAD ( BE+ OBLIG$ TO DO EV]Y?+ = HIMSELF TO DISADVANTAGE4 ,BY ONLY CAT*+ ,BEAV]S & GIV+ !M = 0C[RIES10 HE CAN PROCURE FI%1 TORTOISE-%ELLS1 IVORY1 MUSKRATS1 MOCCAS9S1 MATS1 SPE>S1 ETC41 :I* IS AN IMM5SE SAV+ ( TIME & TR\BLE TO HIM4 ,O!RS1 SEE+ ?IS1 IMITATE HIS EXAMPLE1 & AS ! ACCUMULATION ( 0C[RIES0 AF=DS A PROSPECT ( EV]Y?+ NE$$1 ! PURSUIT & ACCUMULATION ( 0C[RIES0 BECOMES ! RAGE ( ALL2 %ELL EV]Y SAVAGE AB&ONS HIS BEAV]-HUNT+1 OR HIS FI%+1 HIS MUSK-RAT TRAPS1 ETC41 & ALL RU% TO ! HUNT = 0C[RIES40 ,!Y GET A L>GE SUPPLY1 BUT !RE IS NO?+ TO BUY ) !M6 ,!RE >E NO FI% CAU<T1 NO MUSKRATS1 NO MATS MADE1 NO IVORY F\ND1 NO MELLONS RAIS$4 ,! %IP HAS C>RI$ AWAY ALL ! TORTOISE-%ELLS1 & ! 0C[RIES0 >E COMP>ATIVELY WOR?LESS6 

#a#f#i4 ,ONE OLD CUNN+ SAVAGE1 SEE+ ! G5]AL ?\<TLESS RU% = 0C[RIES10 HAD TAK5 ADVANTAGE ( IT & 0B\<T UP0 ALL ! FI%1 MUSK-RATS1 IVORY1 MATS1 SPE>S1 NAILS1 ETC41 AGA9/ !IR RETURN4 ,HE N[ HAS ALL 9 HIS [N P[]1 = 0:OEV] FE$S CAN GOV]N10 & HE DEM&S ! :OLE ( !IR C[RIES = ! FEW SUPPLIES ?AT !Y >E OBLIG$ TO HAVE TO SUPPLY PRES5T NECESSITIES2 & ! POPULATION GIVE HIM ALL ! C[RIES !Y HAVE GA!R$ ALONE1 ! :OLE COA/ = MON?S1 9 EX*ANGE = A FEW NECESS>IES :I* !Y C\LD HAVE MADE = !MSELVES 9 AS MANY H\RS4 ,!Y FEEL ?AT !Y >E WRONG$1 BUT DO NOT SEE :]E ! WRONG IS4 

#a#g4 ,! NEXT DAY ! CUNN+ OLD SAVAGE'S H\SE & %$S >E SET ON FIRE = REV5GE1 & NO ONE BE+ DISPOS$ TO HELP HIM1 !Y & ALL !IR CONT5TS >E CONSUM$ -- 0C[RIES0 & ALL1 & HE IS R$UC$ TO BEGG>Y2 BUT NO ONE RELIEVES HIM4 ,! C[RIES HAVE ALL BE5 COLLECT$ = MILES ALONG ! BEA* & HE CAN GET NONE3 HE IS NOT QUALIFI$ TO MAKE MATS1 NOR SPE>S1 NOR NAILS1 NOR TO CAT* BEAV]S1 & HE W&]S AB\T A MIS]ABLE & DESPIS$ SAVAGE1 HAV+ MADE HIMSELF MIS]ABLE BY OV]REA*+ HIS FELL[-SAVAGES4 

#a#g#a4 ,!RE HAS BE5 NO IMPROVEM5T UPON ?AT CRUDE & B>B>\S MONEY TO ?IS DAY ( ! ,*RI/IAN ]A1 #a#h#f#b1 UNLESS IT IS 9 SUB/ITUT+ LITTLE BITS ( COPP]1 OR O!R COMP>ATIVELY WOR?LESS METALS ) ! SEMBLANCE ( A MAN'S HEAD OR SOME ANIMAL UPON !M1 9/EAD ( ! 0C[RIES10 AS A CIRCULAT+ M$IUM4 

#a#g#b4 ,BANK-NOTES1 PROMIS+ TO PAY !SE BITS ( METAL ON DEM&1 IF !Y W]E NOT ! MEANS ( DEFRAUD+ AS WELL AS ( DELUD+ ! PUBLIC1 W\LD BE AN IMPROVEM5T UPON METALS1 AS BE+ MORE CONV5I5T ( C>RIAGE1 & CO/+ LESS TR\BLE 9 MANY WAYS2 BUT1 BE+1 AS !Y >E1 ! MEANS ( 9NUM]ABLE & CON/ANT FRAUDS & DELUSION1 !Y >E B>B>IAN MONEY B>B>IZ$4 ,ALL ! CRUDITY 9 PR9CIPLE REMA9S1 ) 9T5TIONAL FRAUDS ADD$4 

#a#g#c4 ,NO REF]5CE :ATEV] IS HAD TO ! COMP>ATIVE TR\BLE ?AT ANY?+ CO/S ! ONE :O FIR/ OBTA9S OR PRODUCES IT1 BUT :OEV] /UMBLES 9 HIS RAMBLES UPON A LUMP ( ANY ( !SE METALS1 HAS1 =?)1 ACCORD+ TO ! SIZE ( ! LUMP1 A DEM& UPON EV]Y PRODUCT & S]VICE UND] ! SUN6 

#a#g#d4 ,!RE BE+ NO PR9CIPLE KN[N = ! REGULATION OR ADJU/M5T ( ! QUANTITY ( !SE METALS1 :I* %\LD BE GIV5 9 EX*ANGE = ANY S]VICE OR COMMODITY1 ! :OLE IS LEFT TO ACCID5T1 OR ELSE TO SOME1 LIKE ! CUNN+ SAVAGE1 TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ! NECESSITIES ( O!RS1 & A G5]AL SCRAMBLE 5SUES TO GET ! ADVANTAGE OR TO ESCAPE BE+ OV]REA*$4 ,9 ?IS G5]AL /RIFE1 ?OSE ) ! LONGE/ PURSES1 OR ! MO/ CUNN+1 OR :O >E MO/ UNSCRUPUL\S & FALSE1 PREVAIL4 ,?OSE :O HAVE FEW OR NO C[RIES & ! LESS CRAFTY >E TRODD5 UND] FOOT1 & GR\ND TO P[D] & :AT IS CALL$ SOCIETY HAS BLUND]$ ON 9TO A UNIV]SAL SCRAMBLE = ! L>GE/ POSSIBLE ACCUMULATION ( 0 C[RY 0 METALS1 AS (F]+ ! BE/ AMONG POOR *ANCES ( SECURITY AGA9/ ! G5]AL RAPACITY4#a#g#e4 ,9 ?IS MELEE ! 9/9CT ( SELF-PRES]VATION 9 EA* ONE IS ALMO/ :OLLY B5T ,ON KEEP+ UPP]MO/1 9/EAD ( BE+ CRU%$ BEL[4 ,POLITICAL P[] & MONEY >E ! PR9CIPAL MEANS ( ATTA9+ 5DS1 & !SE >E !RE=E PURSU$ ) UNSCRUPUL\S DESP]ATE RATION4 

#a#g#f4 ,A LITTLE MONEY 7BY USURY7 0MAKES MORE10 BUT IT TAKES FROM ?OSE :O HAVE LESS11 TILL ?OSE ) LESS HAVE NONE TO TAKE4 ,!N WOE TO ?OSE :O >E F\ND 9 SU* RANKS4 ,NOBODY WILL BE F\ND !RE :O CAN AVOID IT4 ,DRIV5 TO WORK = :ATEV] MONEY-HOLD]S *OOSE TO GIVE1 !Y TAKE ! PITTANCE RA!R %ALL />VE1 & />VE :5 !Y CANNOT GET ! WORK OR ! PITTANCE4 ,!N :O ?AT CAN AVOID IT WILL BELONG TO ! RANKS ( />V$1 RAGG$1 ABUS$1 9SULT$ LABOR8 ,:OEV] CAN AVOID IT WILL DO SO1 & ! BURD5S FALL UPON ! WEAK :O HAVE NO MEANS ( ESCAPE4 

#a#g#g4 ,?IS IS ! ORIG9 ( ALL ,SLAV]IES4 ,!Y ALL GR[ \T ( ! FACT ?AT CIVILIZATION HAS NOT YET PROCE$$ F> 5\< TO DISCOV] :AT W\LD BE A PROP]1 LEGITIMATE1 EQUITABLE COMP5SATION OR PRICE EV5 = A B>REL ( FL\R6 

#a#g#h4 ,:5 ! MASSES >E SIL5C$ BY WEAKNESS1 ! CONFLICT BECOMES 9T5SIFI$ BETWE5 ! FEW :O HAVE MONOPOLIZ$ MONEY & ! GOV]N+ OR POLITICAL P[]4 ',! MASS BECOME M]E CIPH]S TO BE PLAC$ BY ! SIDES ( !SE FIGURES1 ONLY TO 9CREASE !IR MAGNITUDE & P[] 9 !IR CONTE/S ) EA* O!R4 ,! RI<T ( MI<T IS ! ONLY UMPIRE KN[N OR ACKN[L$G$1 & CONQUE/ BECOMES ! OBJECT ( ALL4 

#a#g#i4 ,LOOK+ AT CAUSES1 & UND]/&+ ! 9/9CT ( SELF-PRES]VATION1 :O WOND]S AT ! MIS]8 ,:O WOND]S AT ! BORD]S ( BLACK OR :ITE SLAVES8 ,:O WOND]S AT BURGL>Y1 HI<WAY ROBB]Y1 !FTS1 FRAUDS1 BRIB]Y1 & CORRUPTION 9 (FICE8 OR AT ! G5]AL DI/RU/ ( MAN 9 HIS K9D8 OR AT ! EXTREMES ( WA/E & WALLS ?AT >E SO (T5 F\ND FACE TO FACE8 

#a#h4 ,SEV5 ?\S& DOLL>S ( PUBLIC MONEY WAS SP5T BY A FEW POLITICAL WIRE-WORK]S 9 A MOCK FUN]AL ( A BRIB$ LAWY]1 -- BRIB$ TO UPHOLD A POLICY ?AT HAS BR\<T ?IS HORRID W> UPON US1 AL?\< AT ! TIME ( ?IS HYPOCRITICAL P>ADE MULTITUDES ( BOYS & GIRLS -- SOME ( !M ( M>RIAGEABLE AGE -- 9 RAGS & TATT]S1 NOT HALF CLAD1 %IV]+ ) COLD1 W]E SWOOP+ AWAY ! SN[Y MUD ?AT ! HYPOCRITES MI<T PASS COM=TABLY1 & OCCASIONALLY1 ) AN IMPLOR+ LOOK1 HOLD+ \T !IR H&S )1 0,PLEASE1 SIR1 GIVE ME A P5NY TO GET SOME?+ TO EAT40 -- ,I CAN PROCE$ NO FUR!R4 ,ANY ONE CAN EXT5D ! PICTURE = HIMSELF TO ANY MAGNITUDE BY CONSULT+ ANY ( ! NEWSPAP]S ( ! DAY4 

#a#h#a4 ,! TWO GREAT ELEM5TS ( P[] >E ! GOV]N+ 7MILIT>Y7 =CE & MONEY4 

#a#h#b4 ,! EQUILIBRIUM ( ! GOV]N+ P[] HAS ALREADY BE5 SUGGE/$ 9 ! FIR/ *APT]2 BUT UNTIL A PR9CIPLE IS F\ND & ACCEPT$ :I* CAN H>MONI\SLY REGULATE COMP5SATION = LABOR 7OR REGULATE PRICES71 & E/ABLI% AN EQUILIBRIUM ( ! MONEY P[]1 WE CAN H>DLY ASS]T ?AT CIVILIZATION HAS FAIRLY COMM5C$4  

   

   

  

FOOTNOTES  

-----------------  

"9,REV4 ,MR4 ,BRI]'S 0,AFRICANS AT ,HOME40 

"9,! GLORI\S ,KOSSU? SAID1 0,! FUTURE ( MANK9D CAN REPOSE ONLY ON PR9CIPLES40 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahfb 3 ,*APT] #c -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #b#c1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #c -- ,ADD$4 

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