,! ,SOVIET ,UNION ,V]SUS ,SOCIALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NOAM ,*OMSKY 

,TEXT 3 

,:5 ! WORLD'S TWO GREAT PROPAG&A SY/EMS AGREE ON SOME DOCTR9E1 IT REQUIRES SOME 9TELLECTUAL EF=T TO ESCAPE ITS %ACKLES4 ,ONE SU* DOCTR9E IS ?AT ! SOCIETY CREAT$ BY ,L59 & ,TROTSKY & MOLD$ FUR!R BY ,/AL9 & HIS SUCCESSORS HAS SOME RELATION TO SOCIALISM 9 SOME MEAN+FUL OR HI/ORICALLY ACCURATE S5SE ( ?IS CONCEPT4 ,9 FACT1 IF !RE IS A RELATION1 IT IS ! RELATION ( CONTRADICTION4 

,IT IS CLE> 5\< :Y BO? MAJOR PROPAG&A SY/EMS 9SI/ UPON ?IS FANTASY4 ,S9CE ITS ORIG9S1 ! ,SOVIET ,/ATE HAS ATTEMPT$ TO H>NESS ! 5]GIES ( ITS [N POPULATION & OPPRESS$ PEOPLE ELSE:]E 9 ! S]VICE ( ! M5 :O TOOK ADVANTAGE ( ! POPUL> F]M5T 9 ,RUSSIA 9 #aiag TO SEIZE ,/ATE P[]4 ,ONE MAJOR IDEOLOGICAL WEAPON EMPLOY$ TO ?IS 5D HAS BE5 ! CLAIM ?AT ! ,/ATE MANAG]S >E LEAD+ !IR [N SOCIETY & ! WORLD T[>DS ! SOCIALI/ IDEAL2 AN IMPOSSIBILITY1 AS ANY SOCIALI/ -- SURELY ANY S]I\S ,M>XI/ -- %\LD HAVE UND]/OOD AT ONCE 7MANY DID71 & A LIE ( MAMMO? PROPORTIONS AS HI/ORY HAS REVEAL$ S9CE ! E>LIE/ DAYS ( ! ,BOL%EVIK REGIME4 ,! TASKMA/]S HAVE ATTEMPT$ TO GA9 LEGITIMACY & SUPPORT BY EXPLOIT+ ! AURA ( SOCIALI/ IDEALS & ! RESPECT ?AT IS RI<TLY ACCORD$ !M1 TO CONCEAL !IR [N RITUAL PRACTICE AS !Y DE/ROY$ EV]Y VE/IGE ( SOCIALISM4 

,AS = ! WORLD'S SECOND MAJOR PROPAG&A SY/EM1 ASSOCIATION ( SOCIALISM ) ! ,SOVIET ,UNION & ITS CLI5TS S]VES AS A P[]FUL IDEOLOGICAL WEAPON TO 5=CE CON=MITY & OB$I5CE TO ! ,/ATE CAPITALI/ 9/ITUTIONS1 TO 5SURE ?AT ! NECESSITY TO R5T ONESELF TO ! [N]S & MANAG]S ( !SE 9/ITUTIONS WILL BE REG>D$ AS VIRTUALLY A NATURAL LAW1 ! ONLY ALT]NATIVE TO ! 'SOCIALI/' DUNGEON4 

,! ,SOVIET LEAD]%IP ?US PORTRAYS ITSELF AS SOCIALI/ TO PROTECT ITS RI<T TO WIELD ! CLUB1 & ,WE/]N IDEOLOGI/S ADOPT ! SAME PRET5SE 9 ORD] TO =E/ALL ! ?REAT ( A MORE FREE & JU/ SOCIETY4 ,?IS JO9T ATTACK ON SOCIALISM HAS BE5 HI<LY EFFECTIVE 9 UND]M9+ IT 9 ! MOD]N P]IOD4 

,ONE MAY TAKE NOTE ( ANO!R DEVICE US$ EFFECTIVELY BY ,/ATE CAPITALI/ IDEOLOGI/S 9 !IR S]VICE TO EXI/+ P[] & PRIVILEGE4 ,! RITUAL D5UNCIATION ( ! SO-CALL$ 'SOCIALI/' ,/ATES IS REPLETE ) DI/ORTIONS & (T5 \TRI<T LIES4 ,NO?+ IS EASI] ?AN TO D5\NCE ! (FICIAL 5EMY & TO ATTRIBUTE TO IT ANY CRIME3 !RE IS NO NE$ TO BE BURD5$ BY ! DEM&S ( EVID5CE OR LOGIC AS ONE M>*ES 9 ! P>ADE4 ,CRITICS ( ,WE/]N VIOL5CE & ATROCITIES (T5 TRY TO SET ! RECORD /RAI<T1 RECOGNIZ+ ! CRIM9AL ATROCITIES & REPRESSION ?AT EXI/ :ILE EXPOS+ ! TALES ?AT >E CONCOCT$ 9 ! S]VICE ( ,WE/]N VIOL5CE4 ,) PR$ICTABLE REGUL>ITY1 !SE /EPS >E AT ONCE 9T]PRET$ AS APOLOGETICS = ! EMPIRE ( EVIL & ITS M9IONS4 ,?US ! CRUCIAL ,RI<T TO ,LIE 9 ! ,S]VICE ( ! ,/ATE IS PRES]V$1 & ! CRITIQUE ( ,/ATE VIOL5CE & ATROCITIES IS UND]M9$4 

,IT IS ALSO WOR? NOT+ ! GREAT APPEAL ( ,L59I/ DOCTR9E TO ! MOD]N 9TELLIG5TSIA 9 P]IODS ( CONFLICT & UPHEAVAL4 ,?IS DOCTR9E AF=DS ! 'RADICAL 9TELLECTUALS' ! RI<T TO HOLD ,/ATE P[] & TO IMPOSE ! H>% RULE ( ! ',R$ ,BUREAUCRACY1' ! 'NEW CLASS1' 9 ! T]MS ( ,BAKUN9'S PRESCI5T ANALYSIS A C5TURY AGO4 ,AS 9 ! ,BONAP>TI/ ,/ATE D5\NC$ BY ,M>X1 !Y BECOME ! ',/ATE PRIE/S1' & 0P>ASITICAL EXCRESC5CE UPON CIVIL SOCIETY0 ?AT RULES IT ) AN IRON H&4 

,9 P]IODS :5 !RE IS LITTLE *ALL5GE TO ,/ATE CAPITALI/ 9/ITUTIONS1 ! SAME FUNDAM5TAL COMMITM5TS LEAD ! 'NEW CLASS' TO S]VE AS ,/ATE MANAG]S & IDEOLOGI/S1 0BEAT+ ! PEOPLE ) ! PEOPLE'S /ICK10 9 ,BAKUN9'S WORDS4 ,IT IS SMALL WOND] ?AT 9TELLECTUALS F9D ! TRANSITION FROM 'REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMUNISM' TO 'CELEBRATION ( ! ,WE/' SU* AN EASY ONE1 REPLAY+ A SCRIPT ?AT HAS EVOLV$ FROM TRAG$Y TO F>CE OV] ! PA/ HALF C5TURY4 ,9 ESS5CE1 ALL ?AT HAS *ANG$ IS ! ASSESSM5T ( :]E P[] LIES4 ,L59'S DICTUM ?AT 0SOCIALISM IS NO?+ BUT /ATE CAPITALI/ MONOPOLY MADE TO B5EFIT ! :OLE PEOPLE10 :O MU/ ( C\RSE TRU/ ! B5EVOL5CE ( !IR LEAD]S1 EXPRESSES ! P]V]SION ( 'SOCIALISM' TO ! NE$S ( ! ,/ATE PRIE/S1 & ALL[S US TO COMPREH5D ! RAPID TRANSITION BETWE5 POSITIONS ?AT SUP]FICIALLY SEEM DIAMETRIC OPPOSITES1 BUT 9 FACT >E QUITE CLOSE4 

,! T]M9OLOGY ( POLITICAL & SOCIAL DISC\RSE IS VAGUE & IMPRECISE1 & CON/ANTLY DEBAS$ BY ! CONTRIBUTIONS ( IDEOLOGI/S ( ONE OR ANO!R /RIPE4 ,/ILL1 !SE T]MS HAVE AT LEA/ SOME RESIDUE ( MEAN+4 ,S9CE ITS ORIG9S1 SOCIALISM HAS MEANT ! LIB]ATION ( WORK+ PEOPLE FROM EXPLOITATION4 ,AS ! ,M>XI/ !ORETICIAN ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK OBS]V$1 0?IS GOAL IS NOT REA*$ & CANNOT BE REA*$ BY A NEW DIRECT+ & GOV]N+ CLASS SUB/ITUT+ ITSELF = ! B\RGEOISIE10 BUT CAN ONLY BE 0REALIZ$ BY ! WORK]S !MSELVES BE+ MA/] OV] PRODUCTION40 ,MA/]Y OV] PRODUCTION BY ! PRODUC]S IS ! ESS5CE ( SOCIALISM1 & MEANS TO A*IEVE ?IS 5D HAVE REGUL>LY BE5 DEVIS$ 9 P]IODS ( REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE1 AGA9/ ! BITT] OPPOSITION ( ! TRADITIONAL RUL+ CLASSES & ! 'REVOLUTION>Y 9TELLECTUALS' GUID$ BY ! COMMON PR9CIPLES ( ,L59ISM & ,WE/]N MANAG]IALISM1 AS ADAPT$ TO *ANG+ CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,BUT ! ESS5TIAL ELEM5T ( ! SOCIALI/ IDEAL REMA9S3 TO CONV]T ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION 9TO ! PROP]TY ( FREELY ASSOCIAT$ PRODUC]S & ?US ! SOCIAL PROP]TY ( PEOPLE :O HAVE LIB]AT$ !MSELVES FROM EXPLOITATION BY !IR MA/]1 AS A FUNDAM5TAL /EP T[>DS A BROAD] REALM ( HUMAN FRE$OM4 

,! ,L59I/ 9TELLIG5TSIA HAVE A DIFF]5T AG5DA4 ,!Y FIT ,M>X'S DESCRIPTION ( ! 'CONSPIRATORS' :O 0PREEMPT ! DEVELOP+ REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS0 & DI/ORT IT TO !IR 5DS ( DOM9ATION2 0,H5CE !IR DEEPE/ DISDA9 = ! MORE !ORETICAL 5LI<T5M5T ( ! WORK]S AB\T !IR CLASS 9T]E/S10 :I* 9CLUDE ! OV]?R[ ( ! ,R$ ,BUREAUCRACY & ! CREATION ( ME*ANISMS ( DEMOCRATIC CONTROL OV] PRODUCTION & SOCIAL LIFE4 ,= ! ,L59I/1 ! MASSES MU/ BE /RICTLY DISCIPL9$1 :ILE ! SOCIALI/ WILL /RUGGLE TO A*IEVE A SOCIAL ORD] 9 :I* DISCIPL9E 0WILL BECOME SUP]FLU\S0 AS ! FREELY ASSOCIAT$ PRODUC]S 0WORK = !IR [N ACCORD0 7,M>X74 ,LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM1 FUR!RMORE1 DOES NOT LIMIT ITS AIMS TO DEMOCRATIC CONTROL BY PRODUC]S OV] PRODUCTION1 BUT SEEKS TO ABOLI% ALL =MS ( DOM9ATION & HI]>*Y 9 EV]Y ASPECT ( SOCIAL & P]SONAL LIFE1 AN UN5D+ /RUGGLE1 S9CE PROGRESS 9 A*IEV+ A MORE JU/ SOCIETY WILL LEAD TO NEW 9SI<T & UND]/&+ ( =MS ( OPPRESSION ?AT MAY BE CONCEAL$ 9 TRADITIONAL PRACTICE & CONSCI\SNESS4 

,! ,L59I/ ANTAGONISM TO ! MO/ ESS5TIAL FEATURES ( SOCIALISM WAS EVID5T FROM ! V]Y />T4 ,9 REVOLUTION>Y ,RUSSIA1 ,SOVIETS & FACTORY COMMITTEES DEVELOP$ AS 9/RUM5TS ( /RUGGLE & LIB]ATION1 ) MANY FLAWS1 BUT ) A RI* POT5TIAL4 ,L59 & ,TROTSKY1 UPON ASSUM+ P[]1 IMM$IATELY DEVOT$ !MSELVES TO DE/ROY+ ! LIB]ATORY POT5TIAL ( !SE 9/RUM5TS1 E/ABLI%+ ! RULE ( ! ,P>TY1 9 PRACTICE ITS ,C5TRAL ,COMMITTEE & ITS ,MAXIMAL ,LEAD]S -- EXACTLY AS ,TROTSKY HAD PR$ICT$ YE>S E>LI]1 AS ,ROSA ,LUXEMB\RG & O!R LEFT ,M>XI/S W>N$ AT ! TIME1 & AS ! AN>*I/S HAD ALWAYS UND]/OOD4 ,NOT ONLY ! MASSES1 BUT EV5 ! ,P>TY MU/ BE SUBJECT TO 0VIGILANT CONTROL FROM ABOVE10 SO ,TROTSKY HELD AS HE MADE ! TRANSITION FROM REVOLUTION>Y 9TELLECTUAL TO ,/ATE PRIE/4 ,BE=E SEIZ+ ,/ATE P[]1 ! ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]%IP ADOPT$ MU* ( ! RHETORIC ( PEOPLE :O W]E 5GAG$ 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE FROM BEL[1 BUT !IR TRUE COMMITM5TS W]E QUITE DIFF]5T4 ,?IS WAS EVID5T BE=E & BECAME CRY/AL CLE> AS !Y ASSUM$ ,/ATE P[] 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#a#g4 

,A HI/ORIAN SYMPA!TIC TO ! ,BOL%EVIKS1 ,E4,H4 ,C>R1 WRITES ?AT 0! SPONTANE\S 9CL9ATION ( ! WORK]S TO ORGANIZE FACTORY COMMITTEES & TO 9T]V5E 9 ! MANAGEM5T ( ! FACTORIES WAS 9EVITABLY 5C\RAG$ BY A REVOLUTION :I* L$ ! WORK]S TO BELIEVE ?AT ! PRODUCTIVE MA*9]Y ( ! C\NTRY BELONG$ TO !M & C\LD BE OP]AT$ BY !M AT !IR [N DISCRETION & TO !IR [N ADVANTAGE0 7MY EMPHASIS74 ,= ! WORK]S1 AS ONE AN>*I/ DELEGATE SAID1 0,! ,FACTORY COMMITTEES W]E CELLS ( ! FUTURE444 ,!Y1 NOT ! ,/ATE1 %\LD N[ ADM9I/]40 

,BUT ! ,/ATE PRIE/S KNEW BETT]1 & MOV$ AT ONCE TO DE/ROY ! FACTORY COMMITTEES & TO R$UCE ! ,SOVIETS TO ORGANS ( !IR RULE4 ,ON ,NOVEMB] #c1 ,L59 ANN\NC$ 9 A 0,DRAFT ,DECREE ON ,WORK]S' ,CONTROL0 ?AT DELEGATES ELECT$ TO EX]CISE SU* CONTROL W]E TO BE 0ANSW]ABLE TO ! ,/ATE = ! MA9T5ANCE ( ! /RICTE/ ORD] & DISCIPL9E & = ! PROTECTION ( PROP]TY40 ,AS ! YE> 5D$1 ,L59 NOT$ ?AT 0WE PASS$ FROM WORK]S' CONTROL TO ! CREATION ( ! ,SUPREME ,C\NCIL ( ,NATIONAL ,ECONOMY10 :I* WAS TO 0REPLACE1 ABSORB & SUP]S$E ! MA*9]Y ( WORK]S' CONTROL0 7,C>R74 0,! V]Y IDEA ( SOCIALISM IS EMBODI$ 9 ! CONCEPT ( WORK]S' CONTROL10 ONE ,M5%EVIK TRADE UNIONI/ LAM5T$2 ! ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]%IP EXPRESS$ ! SAME LAM5T 9 ACTION1 BY DEMOLI%+ ! V]Y IDEA ( SOCIALISM4 

,SOON ,L59 WAS TO DECREE ?AT ! LEAD]%IP MU/ ASSUME 0DICTATORIAL P[]S0 OV] ! WORK]S1 :O MU/ ACCEPT 0UNQUE/ION+ SUBMISSION TO A S+LE WILL0 & 09 ! 9T]E/S ( SOCIALISM10 MU/ 0UNQUE/ION+LY OBEY ! S+LE WILL ( ! LEAD]S ( ! LABOR PROCESS40 ,AS ,L59 & ,TROTSKY PROCE$$ ) ! MILIT>IZATION ( LABOR1 ! TRANS=MATION ( ! SOCIETY 9TO A LABOR >MY SUBMITT$ TO !IR S+LE WILL1 ,L59 EXPLA9$ ?AT SUBORD9ATION ( ! WORK] TO 09DIVIDUAL AU?ORITY0 IS 0! SY/EM :I* MORE ?AN ANY O!R ASSURES ! BE/ UTILIZATION ( HUMAN RES\RCES0 -- OR AS ,ROB]T ,MC,NAM>A EXPRESS$ ! SAME IDEA1 0VITAL DECISION-MAK+444 MU/ REMA9 AT ! TOP444 ! REAL ?REAT TO DEMOCRACY COMES NOT FROM OV]MANAGEM5T1 BUT FROM UND]MANAGEM5T02 0IF IT IS NOT REASON ?AT RULES MAN1 !N MAN FALLS %ORT ( HIS POT5TIAL10 & MANAGEM5T IS NO?+ O!R ?AN ! RULE ( REASON1 :I* KEEPS US FREE4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 'FACTIONALISM' -- I4E41 ANY MODICUM ( FREE EXPRESSION & ORGANIZATION -- WAS DE/ROY$ 09 ! 9T]E/S ( SOCIALISM10 AS ! T]M WAS R$EF9$ = !IR PURPOSES BY ,L59 & ,TROTSKY1 :O PROCE$$ TO CREATE ! BASIC PROTO-FASCI/ /RUCTURES CONV]T$ BY ,/AL9 9TO ONE ( ! HORRORS ( ! MOD]N AGE4.<#a.> 

,FAILURE TO UND]/& ! 9T5SE HO/ILITY TO SOCIALISM ON ! P>T ( ! ,L59I/ 9TELLIG5TSIA 7) ROOTS 9 ,M>X1 NO D\BT71 & CORRESPOND+ MISUND]/&+ ( ! ,L59I/ MODEL1 HAS HAD A DEVA/AT+ IMPACT ON ! /RUGGLE = A MORE DEC5T SOCIETY & A LIVABLE WORLD 9 ! ,WE/1 & NOT ONLY !RE4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO F9D A WAY TO SAVE ! SOCIALI/ IDEAL FROM ITS 5EMIES 9 BO? ( ! WORLD'S MAJOR C5T]S ( P[]1 FROM ?OSE :O WILL ALWAYS SEEK TO BE ! ,/ATE PRIE/S & SOCIAL MANAG]S1 DE/ROY+ FRE$OM 9 ! NAME ( LIB]ATION4 

.<#a.> ,ON ! E>LY DE/RUCTION ( SOCIALISM BY ,L59 & ,TROTSKY1 SEE ,MAURICE ,BR9TON1 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS & ,WORK]S' ,CONTROL4 ,MONTREAL3 ,BLACK ,ROSE ,BOOKS1 #a#i#g#h1 & ,PET] ,RA*LEFF1 ,RADICAL ,AM]ICA1 ,NOV4 #a#i#g#d1 AMONG MU* O!R WORK4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,SOVIET ,UNION ,V]SUS ,SOCIALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,! ,SOVIET ,UNION ,V]SUS ,SOCIALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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