,*APT] #h 
,DEMOCRACY & ,DICTATOR%IP 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 

,TEXT 3 

,! BASIC ]ROR ( ! ,L59-,TROTSKY !ORY IS ?AT !Y TOO1 JU/ LIKE ,KAUTSKY1 OPPOSE DICTATOR%IP TO DEMOCRACY4 0,DICTATOR%IP OR DEMOCRACY0 IS ! WAY ! QUE/ION IS PUT BY ,BOL%EVIKS & ,KAUTSKY ALIKE4 ,! LATT] NATURALLY DECIDES 9 FAVOR ( 0DEMOCRACY10 ?AT IS1 ( B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY1 PRECISELY BECAUSE HE OPPOSES IT TO ! ALT]NATIVE ( ! SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION4 ,L59 & ,TROTSKY1 ON ! O!R H&1 DECIDE 9 FAVOR ( DICTATOR%IP 9 CONTRADI/9CTION TO DEMOCRACY1 & !REBY1 9 FAVOR ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( A H&FUL ( P]SONS1 ?AT IS1 9 FAVOR ( DICTATOR%IP ON ! B\RGEOIS MODEL4 ,!Y >E TWO OPPOSITE POLES1 BO? ALIKE BE+ F> REMOV$ FROM A G5U9E SOCIALI/ POLICY4 ,! PROLET>IAT1 :5 IT SEIZES P[]1 CAN NEV] FOLL[ ! GOOD ADVICE ( ,KAUTSKY1 GIV5 ON ! PRETEXT ( ! 0UNRIP5ESS ( ! C\NTRY10 ! ADVICE BE+ TO R5\NCE SOCIALI/ REVOLUTION & DEVOTE ITSELF TO DEMOCRACY4 ,IT CANNOT FOLL[ ?IS ADVICE )\T BETRAY+ !REBY ITSELF1 ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 & ! REVOLUTION4 ,IT %\LD & MU/ AT ONCE UND]TAKE SOCIALI/ MEASURES 9 ! MO/ 5]GETIC1 UNYIELD+ & UNHESITANT FA%ION1 9 O!R WORDS1 EX]CISE A DICTATOR%IP1 BUT A DICTATOR%IP ( ! CLASS1 NOT ( A P>TY OR ( A CLIQUE - DICTATOR%IP ( ! CLASS1 ?AT MEANS 9 ! BROADE/ POSSIBLE =M ON ! BASIS ( ! MO/ ACTIVE1 UNLIMIT$ P>TICIPATION ( ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE1 ( UNLIMIT$ DEMOCRACY4 

0,AS ,M>XI/S10 WRITES ,TROTSKY1 0WE HAVE NEV] BE5 IDOL WOR%IP]S ( =MAL DEMOCRACY40 ,SURELY1 WE HAVE NEV] BE5 IDOL WOR%IP]S ( SOCIALISM OR ,M>XISM EI!R4 ,DOES IT FOLL[ FROM ?IS ?AT WE MAY ?R[ SOCIALISM ON ! SCRAP-HEAP1 A LA ,CUN[1 ,L5S* & ,P>VUS .<I4E4 MOVE TO ! RI<T.>1 IF IT BECOMES UNCOM=TABLE = US8 ,TROTSKY & ,L59 >E ! LIV+ REFUTATION ( ?IS ANSW]4 

0,WE HAVE NEV] BE5 IDOL-WOR%IP]S ( =MAL DEMOCRACY40 ,ALL ?AT ?AT REALLY MEANS IS3 ,WE HAVE ALWAYS DI/+UI%$ ! SOCIAL K]NEL FROM ! POLITICAL =M ( B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY2 WE HAVE ALWAYS REVEAL$ ! H>D K]NEL ( SOCIAL 9EQUALITY & LACK ( FRE$OM HIDD5 UND] ! SWEET %ELL ( =MAL EQUALITY & FRE$OM - NOT 9 ORD] TO REJECT ! LATT] BUT TO SPUR ! WORK+ CLASS 9TO NOT BE+ SATISFI$ ) ! %ELL1 BUT RA!R1 BY CONQU]+ POLITICAL P[]1 TO CREATE A SOCIALI/ DEMOCRACY TO REPLACE B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY - NOT TO ELIM9ATE DEMOCRACY ALTOGE!R4 

,BUT SOCIALI/ DEMOCRACY IS NOT SOME?+ :I* BEG9S ONLY 9 ! PROMIS$ L& AFT] ! F\NDATIONS ( SOCIALI/ ECONOMY >E CREAT$2 IT DOES NOT COME AS SOME SORT ( ,*RI/MAS PRES5T = ! WOR?Y PEOPLE :O1 9 ! 9T]IM1 HAVE LOYALLY SUPPORT$ A H&FUL ( SOCIALI/ DICTATORS4 ,SOCIALI/ DEMOCRACY BEG9S SIMULTANE\SLY ) ! BEG9N+S ( ! DE/RUCTION ( CLASS RULE & ( ! CON/RUCTION ( SOCIALISM4 ,IT BEG9S AT ! V]Y MOM5T ( ! SEIZURE ( P[] BY ! SOCIALI/ P>TY4 ,IT IS ! SAME ?+ AS ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT4 

,YES1 DICTATOR%IP6 ,BUT ?IS DICTATOR%IP CONSI/S 9 ! MANN] ( APPLY+ DEMOCRACY1 NOT 9 ITS ELIM9ATION1 BUT 9 5]GETIC1 RESOLUTE ATTACKS UPON ! WELL-5TR5*$ RI<TS & ECONOMIC RELATION%IPS ( B\RGEOIS SOCIETY1 )\T :I* A SOCIALI/ TRANS=MATION CANNOT BE ACCOMPLI%$4 ,BUT ?IS DICTATOR%IP MU/ BE ! WORK ( ! CLASS & NOT ( A LITTLE LEAD+ M9ORITY 9 ! NAME ( ! CLASS - ?AT IS1 IT MU/ PROCE$ /EP BY /EP \T ( ! ACTIVE P>TICIPATION ( ! MASSES2 IT MU/ BE UND] !IR DIRECT 9FLU5CE1 SUBJECT$ TO ! CONTROL ( COMPLETE PUBLIC ACTIVITY2 IT MU/ >ISE \T ( ! GR[+ POLITICAL TRA9+ ( ! MASS ( ! PEOPLE4 

,D\BTLESS ! ,BOL%EVIKS W\LD HAVE PROCE$$ 9 ?IS V]Y WAY W]E IT NOT ?AT !Y SUFF]$ UND] ! FRI<TFUL COMPULSION ( ! WORLD W>1 ! ,G]MAN OCCUPATION & ALL ! ABNORMAL DIFFICULTIES CONNECT$ !RE)1 ?+S :I* W]E 9EVITABLY B\ND TO DI/ORT ANY SOCIALI/ POLICY1 H[EV] IMBU$ IT MI<T BE ) ! BE/ 9T5TIONS & ! F9E/ PR9CIPLES4 

,A CRUDE PRO( ( ?IS IS PROVID$ BY ! USE ( T]ROR TO SO WIDE AN EXT5T BY ! ,SOVIET GOV]NM5T1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! MO/ REC5T P]IOD JU/ BE=E ! COLLAPSE ( ,G]MAN IMP]IALISM1 & JU/ AFT] ! ATTEMPT ON ! LIFE ( ! ,G]MAN AMBASSADOR4 ,! COMMONPLACE TO ! EFFECT ?AT REVOLUTIONS >E NOT P9K TEAS IS 9 ITSELF PRETTY 9ADEQUATE4 

,EV]Y?+ ?AT HAPP5S 9 ,RUSSIA IS COMPREH5SIBLE & REPRES5TS AN 9EVITABLE *A9 ( CAUSES & EFFECTS1 ! />T+ PO9T & 5D T]M ( :I* >E3 ! FAILURE ( ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT & ! OCCUPATION ( ,RUSSIA BY ,G]MAN IMP]IALISM4 ,IT W\LD BE DEM&+ SOME?+ SUP]HUMAN FROM ,L59 & HIS COMRADES IF WE %\LD EXPECT ( !M ?AT UND] SU* CIRCUM/ANCES !Y %\LD CONJURE =? ! F9E/ DEMOCRACY1 ! MO/ EXEMPL>Y DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT & A FL\RI%+ SOCIALI/ ECONOMY4 ,BY !IR DET]M9$ REVOLUTION>Y /&1 !IR EXEMPL>Y /R5G? 9 ACTION1 & !IR UNBREAKABLE LOYALTY TO 9T]NATIONAL SOCIALISM1 !Y HAVE CONTRIBUT$ :ATEV] C\LD POSSIBLY BE CONTRIBUT$ UND] SU* DEVILI%LY H>D CONDITIONS4 ,! DANG] BEG9S ONLY :5 !Y MAKE A VIRTUE ( NECESSITY & WANT TO FREEZE 9TO A COMPLETE !ORETICAL SY/EM ALL ! TACTICS =C$ UPON !M BY !SE FATAL CIRCUM/ANCES1 & WANT TO RECOMM5D !M TO ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT AS A MODEL ( SOCIALI/ TACTICS4 ,:5 !Y GET 9 !RE [N LI<T 9 ?IS WAY1 & HIDE !IR G5U9E1 UNQUE/IONABLE HI/ORICAL S]VICE UND] ! BU%EL ( FALSE /EPS =C$ ON !M BY NECESSITY1 !Y R5D] A POOR S]VICE TO 9T]NATIONAL SOCIALISM = ! SAKE ( :I* !Y HAVE F\<T & SUFF]$2 = !Y WANT TO PLACE 9 ITS /OREH\SE AS NEW DISCOV]IES ALL ! DI/ORTIONS PRESCRIB$ 9 ,RUSSIA BY NECESSITY & COMPULSION - 9 ! LA/ ANALYSIS ONLY BYPRODUCTS ( ! BANKRUPTCY ( 9T]NATIONAL SOCIALISM 9 ! PRES5T WORLD W>4 

,LET ! ,G]MAN ,GOV]NM5T ,SOCIALI/S CRY ?AT ! RULE ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9 ,RUSSIA IS A DI/ORT$ EXPRESSION ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,IF IT WAS OR IS SU*1 ?AT IS ONLY BECAUSE IT IS A PRODUCT ( ! BEHAVIOR ( ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT1 9 ITSELF A DI/ORT$ EXPRESSION ( ! SOCIALI/ CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,ALL ( US >E SUBJECT TO ! LAWS ( HI/ORY1 & IT IS ONLY 9T]NATIONALLY ?AT ! SOCIALI/ ORD] ( SOCIETY CAN BE REALIZ$4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS HAVE %[N ?AT !Y >E CAPABLE ( EV]Y?+ ?AT A G5U9E REVOLUTION>Y P>TY CAN CONTRIBUTE )9 ! LIMITS ( HI/ORICAL POSSIBILITIES4 ,!Y >E NOT SUPPOS$ TO P]=M MIRACLES4 ,= A MODEL & FAULTLESS PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION 9 AN ISOLAT$ L&1 EXHAU/$ BY WORLD W>1 /RANGL$ BY IMP]IALISM1 BETRAY$ BY ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT1 W\LD BE A MIRACLE4 

,:AT IS 9 ORD] IS TO DI/+UI% ! ESS5TIAL FROM ! NON-ESS5TIAL1 ! K]NEL FROM ! ACCID5TAL EXCRESC5CIES 9 ! POLITICS ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS4 ,9 ! PRES5T P]IOD1 :5 WE FACE DECISIVE F9AL /RUGGLES 9 ALL ! WORLD1 ! MO/ IMPORTANT PROBLEM ( SOCIALISM WAS & IS ! BURN+ QUE/ION ( \R TIME4 ,IT IS NOT A MATT] ( ?IS OR ?AT SECOND>Y QUE/ION ( TACTICS1 BUT ( ! CAPACITY = ACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT1 ! /R5G? TO ACT1 ! WILL TO P[] ( SOCIALISM AS SU*4 ,9 ?IS1 ,L59 & ,TROTSKY & !IR FRI5DS W]E ! FIR/1 ?OSE :O W5T AHEAD AS AN EXAMPLE TO ! PROLET>IAT ( ! WORLD2 !Y >E /ILL ! ONLY ONES UP TO N[ :O CAN CRY ) ,HUTT53 0,I HAVE D>$60 

,?IS IS ! ESS5TIAL & 5DUR+ 9 ,BOL%EVIK POLICY4 ,9 ?IS S5SE !IRS IS ! IMMORTAL HI/ORICAL S]VICE ( HAV+ M>*$ AT ! HEAD ( ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT ) ! CONQUE/ ( POLITICAL P[] & ! PRACTICAL PLAC+ ( ! PROBLEM ( ! REALIZATION ( SOCIALISM1 & ( HAV+ ADVANC$ MI<TILY ! SETTLEM5T ( ! SCORE BETWE5 CAPITAL & LABOR 9 ! 5TIRE WORLD4 ,9 ,RUSSIA1 ! PROBLEM C\LD ONLY BE POS$4 ,IT C\LD NOT BE SOLV$ 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,& 9 ?IS S5SE1 ! FUTURE EV]Y:]E BELONGS TO 0,BOL%EVISM40 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

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