,! ,MOD]N ,DRAMA 
,A ,P[]FUL ,DISSEM9ATOR ,( ,RADICAL ,?\<T 

#aiaa 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN 

,TAGS 3 RADICAL ?\<T1 MOD]N DRAMA1 DOLL'S H\SE1 DAVID ROB]TS1 HUMAN BE+S1 Y\NG MAN1 MOD]N IDEAS1 HUMAN BRO!RHOOD1 RESPECTABLE SOCIETY1 SOCIAL LIFE4 

,TEXT 3 

,SO LONG AS DISCONT5T & UNRE/ MAKE !MSELVES BUT DUMBLY FELT )9 A LIMIT$ SOCIAL CLASS1 ! P[]S ( REACTION MAY (T5 SUCCE$ 9 SUPPRESS+ SU* MANIFE/ATIONS4 ,BUT :5 ! DUMB UNRE/ GR[S 9TO CONSCI\S EXPRESSION & BECOMES ALMO/ UNIV]SAL1 IT NECESS>ILY AFFECTS ALL PHASES ( HUMAN ?\<T & ACTION1 & SEEKS ITS 9DIVIDUAL & SOCIAL EXPRESSION 9 ! GRADUAL TRANSVALUATION ( EXI/+ VALUES4  

 ,AN ADEQUATE APPRECIATION ( ! TREM5D\S SPREAD ( ! MOD]N1 CONSCI\S SOCIAL UNRE/ CANNOT BE GA9$ FROM M]ELY PROPAG&I/IC LIT]ATURE4 ,RA!R MU/ WE BECOME CONV]SANT ) ! L>G] PHASES ( HUMAN EXPRESSION MANIFE/ 9 >T1 LIT]ATURE1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 ! MOD]N DRAMA--! /RONGE/ & MO/ F>-REA*+ 9T]PRET] ( \R DEEP-FELT DISSATISFACTION4  

 ,:AT A TREM5D\S FACTOR = ! AWAK5+ ( CONSCI\S DISCONT5T >E ! SIMPLE CANVASSES ( A ,MILLET6 ,! FIGURES ( HIS PEASANTS--:AT T]RIFIC 9DICTM5T AGA9/ \R SOCIAL WRONGS2 WRONGS ?AT CONDEMN ! ,MAN ,) ! ,HOE TO HOPELESS DRUDG]Y1 HIMSELF EXCLUD$ FROM ,NATURE'S B\NTY4  

 ,! VISION ( A ,MEUNI] CONCEIVES ! GR[+ SOLID>ITY & DEFIANCE ( LABOR 9 ! GR\P ( M9]S C>RY+ !IR MAIM$ BRO!R TO SAFETY4 ,HIS G5IUS ?US P[]FULLY PORTRAYS ! 9T]RELATION ( ! SEE?+ UNRE/ AMONG ?OSE SLAV+ 9 ! B[ELS ( ! E>?1 & ! SPIRITUAL REVOLT ?AT SEEKS >TI/IC EXPRESSION4  

 ,NO LESS IMPORTANT IS ! FACTOR = REBELLI\S AWAK5+ 9 MOD]N LIT]ATURE--,TURG5IEV1 ,DO/OYEVSKY1 ,TOL/OY1 ,&REIEV1 ,GORKI1 ,:ITMAN1 ,EM]SON1 & SCORES ( O!RS EMBODY+ ! SPIRIT ( UNIV]SAL F]M5T & ! LONG+ = SOCIAL *ANGE4  

 ,/ILL MORE F>-REA*+ IS ! MOD]N DRAMA1 AS ! LEAV5 ( RADICAL ?\<T & ! DISSEM9ATOR ( NEW VALUES4  

 ,IT MI<T SEEM AN EXAGG]ATION TO ASCRIBE TO ! MOD]N DRAMA SU* AN IMPORTANT ROLE4 ,BUT A /UDY ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( MOD]N IDEAS 9 MO/ C\NTRIES WILL PROVE ?AT ! DRAMA HAS SUCCE$$ 9 DRIV+ HOME GREAT SOCIAL TRU?S1 TRU?S G5]ALLY IGNOR$ :5 PRES5T$ 9 O!R =MS4 ,NO D\BT !RE >E EXCEPTIONS1 AS ,RUSSIA & ,FRANCE4  

 ,RUSSIA1 ) ITS T]RIBLE POLITICAL PRESSURE1 HAS MADE PEOPLE ?9K & HAS AWAK5$ !IR SOCIAL SYMPA?IES1 BECAUSE ( ! TREM5D\S CONTRA/ :I* EXI/S BETWE5 ! 9TELLECTUAL LIFE ( ! PEOPLE & ! DESPOTIC REGIME ?AT IS TRY+ TO CRU% ?AT LIFE4 ,YET :ILE ! GREAT DRAMATIC WORKS ( ,TOL/OY1 ,T*E*OV1 ,GORKI1 & ,&REIEV CLOSELY MIRROR ! LIFE & ! /RUGGLE1 ! HOPES & ASPIRATIONS ( ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE1 !Y DID NOT 9FLU5CE RADICAL ?\<T TO ! EXT5T ! DRAMA HAS DONE 9 O!R C\NTRIES4  

 ,:O CAN D5Y1 H[EV]1 ! TREM5D\S 9FLU5CE EX]T$ BY ,! ,P[] ( ,D>KNESS  OR ,NI<T ,LODG+4 ,TOL/OY1 ! REAL1 TRUE ,*RI/IAN1 IS YET ! GREATE/ 5EMY ( ORGANIZ$ ,*RI/IANITY4 ,) A MA/] H& HE PORTRAYS ! DE/RUCTIVE EFFECTS UPON ! HUMAN M9D ( ! P[] ( D>KNESS1 ! SUP]/ITIONS ( ! ,*RI/IAN ,*UR*4  

 ,:AT O!R M$IUM C\LD EXPRESS1 ) SU* DRAMATIC =CE1 ! RESPONSIBILITY ( ! ,*UR* = CRIMES COMMITT$ BY ITS DELUD$ VICTIMS2 :AT O!R M$IUM C\LD1 9 CONSEQU5CE1 R\SE ! 9DIGNATION ( MAN'S CONSCI5CE8  

 ,SIMIL>LY DIRECT & P[]FUL IS ! 9DICTM5T CONTA9$ 9 ,GORKI'S ,NI<T ,LODG+4 ,! SOCIAL P>IAHS1 =C$ 9TO POV]TY & CRIME1 YET DESP]ATELY CLUT* AT ! LA/ VE/IGES ( HOPE & ASPIRATION4 ,LO/ EXI/5CES !SE1 BLI<T$ & CRU%$ BY CRUEL1 UNSOCIAL 5VIRONM5T4  

 ,FRANCE1 ON ! O!R H&1 ) H] CONT9U\S /RUGGLE = LIB]TY1 IS 9DE$ ! CRADLE ( RADICAL ?\<T2 AS SU* %E1 TOO1 DID NOT NE$ ! DRAMA AS A MEANS ( AWAK5+4 ,& YET ! WORKS ( ,BRIEUX --AS ,ROBE ,R\GE1 PORTRAY+ ! T]RIBLE CORRUPTION ( ! JUDICI>Y--& ,MIRBEAU'S ,LES ,AFFAIRES SONT LES ,AFFAIRES--PICTUR+ ! DE/RUCTIVE 9FLU5CE ( WEAL? ON ! HUMAN S\L--HAVE UND\BT$LY REA*$ WID] CIRCLES ?AN MO/ ( ! >TICLES & BOOKS :I* HAVE BE5 WRITT5 9 ,FRANCE ON ! SOCIAL QUE/ION4  

 ,9 C\NTRIES LIKE ,G]MANY1 ,SC&9AVIA1 ,5GL&1 & EV5 9 ,AM]ICA--?\< 9 A LESS] DEGREE--! DRAMA IS ! VEHICLE :I* IS REALLY MAK+ HI/ORY1 DISSEM9AT+ RADICAL ?\<T 9 RANKS NOT O!RWISE TO BE REA*$4  

 ,LET US TAKE ,G]MANY1 = 9/ANCE4 ,= NE>LY A QU>T] ( A C5TURY M5 ( BRA9S1 ( IDEAS1 & ( ! GREATE/ 9TEGRITY1 MADE IT !IR LIFE-WORK TO SPREAD ! TRU? ( HUMAN BRO!RHOOD1 ( JU/ICE1 AMONG ! OPPRESS$ & D[NTRODD54 ,SOCIALISM1 ?AT TREM5D\S REVOLUTION>Y WAVE1 WAS TO ! VICTIMS ( A M]CILESS & 9HUMANE SY/EM LIKE WAT] TO ! P>*$ LIPS ( ! DES]T TRAVEL]4 ,ALAS6 ,! CULTUR$ PEOPLE REMA9$ ABSOLUTELY 9DIFF]5T2 TO !M ?AT REVOLUTION>Y TIDE WAS BUT ! MURMUR ( DISSATISFI$1 DISCONT5T$ M51 DANG]\S1 ILLIT]ATE TR\BLE-MAK]S1 :OSE PROP] PLACE WAS BEH9D PRISON B>S4  

 ,SELF-SATISFI$ AS ! 0CULTUR$0 USUALLY >E1 !Y C\LD NOT UND]/& :Y ONE %\LD FUSS AB\T ! FACT ?AT ?\S&S ( PEOPLE W]E />V+1 ?\< !Y CONTRIBUT$ T[>DS ! WEAL? ( ! WORLD4 ,SURR\ND$ BY BEAUTY & LUXURY1 !Y C\LD NOT BELIEVE ?AT SIDE BY SIDE ) !M LIV$ HUMAN BE+S DEGRAD$ TO A POSITION L[] ?AN A BEA/'S1 %ELT]LESS & RAGG$1 )\T HOPE OR AMBITION4  

 ,?IS CONDITION ( AFFAIRS WAS P>TICUL>LY PRON\NC$ 9 ,G]MANY AFT] ! ,FRANCO-,G]MAN W>4 ,FULL TO ! BUR/+ PO9T ) ITS VICTORY1 ,G]MANY ?RIV$ ON A S5TIM5TAL1 PATRIOTIC LIT]ATURE1 !REBY POISON+ ! M9DS ( ! C\NTRY'S Y\? BY ! GLORY ( CONQUE/ & BLOOD%$4  

 ,9TELLECTUAL ,G]MANY HAD TO TAKE REFUGE 9 ! LIT]ATURE ( O!R C\NTRIES1 9 ! WORKS ( ,IBS51 ,ZOLA1 ,DALLDET1 ,MAUPASSANT1 & ESPECIALLY 9 ! GREAT WORKS ( ,DO/OYEVSKY1 ,TOL/OY1 & ,TURG5IEV4 ,BUT AS NO C\NTRY CAN LONG MA9TA9 A /&>D ( CULTURE )\T A LIT]ATURE & DRAMA RELAT$ TO ITS [N SOIL1 SO ,G]MANY GRADUALLY BEGAN TO DEVELOP A DRAMA REFLECT+ ! LIFE & ! /RUGGLES ( ITS [N PEOPLE4  

 ,>NO ,HOLZ1 ONE ( ! Y\NGE/ DRAMATI/S ( ?AT P]IOD1 />TL$ ! ,PHILI/9ES \T ( !IR EASE & COM=T ) HIS ,FAMILIE ,SELICKE4 ,! PLAY DEALS ) SOCIETY'S REFUSE1 M5 & WOM5 ( ! ALLEYS1 :OSE ONLY SUBSI/5CE CONSI/S ( :AT !Y CAN PICK \T ( ! G>BAGE B>RELS4 ,A GRUESOME SUBJECT1 IS IT NOT8 ,& YET :AT O!R ME?OD IS !RE TO BREAK ?R\< ! H>D %ELL ( ! M9DS & S\LS ( PEOPLE :O HAVE NEV] KN[N WANT1 & :O !RE=E ASSUME ?AT ALL IS WELL 9 ! WORLD8  

 ,NE$LESS TO SAY1 ! PLAY >\S$ TREM5D\S 9DIGNATION4 ,! TRU? IS BITT]1 & ! PEOPLE LIV+ ON ! ,FIF? ,AV5UE ( ,B]L9 HAT$ TO BE CONFRONT$ ) ! TRU?4  

 ,NOT ?AT ,FAMILIE ,SELICKE  REPRES5T$ ANY?+ ?AT HAD NOT BE5 WRITT5 AB\T = YE>S )\T ANY SEEM+ RESULT4 ,BUT ! DRAMATIC G5IUS ( ,HOLZ1 TOGE!R ) ! P[]FUL 9T]PRETATION ( ! PLAY1 NECESS>ILY MADE 9ROADS 9TO ! WIDE/ CIRCLES1 & =C$ PEOPLE TO ?9K AB\T ! T]RIBLE 9EQUALITIES >\ND !M4  

 ,SUD]MANN'S ,EHRE#a & ,HEIMAT#b DEAL ) VITAL SUBJECTS4 ,I HAVE ALREADY REF]R$ TO ! S5TIM5TAL PATRIOTISM SO COMPLETELY TURN+ ! HEAD ( ! AV]AGE ,G]MAN AS TO CREATE A P]V]T$ CONCEPTION ( HONOR4 ,DUEL+ BECAME AN EV]Y-DAY AFFAIR1 CO/+ 9NUM]ABLE LIVES4 ,A GREAT CRY WAS RAIS$ AGA9/ ! FAD BY A NUMB] ( LEAD+ WRIT]S4 ,BUT NO?+ ACT$ AS SU* A CL>IFI] & EXPOS] ( ?AT NATIONAL ,A DISEASE AS ! ,EHRE4  

 ,NOT ?AT ! PLAY M]ELY DEALS ) DUEL+2 IT ANALYZES ! REAL MEAN+ ( HONOR1 PROV+ ?AT IT IS NOT A FIX$1 9BORN FEEL+1 BUT ?AT IT V>IES ) EV]Y PEOPLE & EV]Y EPO*1 DEP5D+ P>TICUL>LY ON ONE'S ECONOMIC & SOCIAL /ATION 9 LIFE4 ,WE REALIZE FROM ?IS PLAY ?AT ! MAN 9 ! BR[N/ONE MANSION WILL NECESS>ILY DEF9E HONOR DIFF]5TLY FROM HIS VICTIMS4  

 ,! FAMILY ,HE9ECKE 5JOYS ! *>ITY ( ! MILLIONAIRE ,MUHL+1 BE+ P]MITT$ TO OCCUPY A DILAPIDAT$ *ANTY ON HIS PREMISES 9 ! ABS5CE ( !IR SON1 ,ROB]T4 ,! LATT]1 AS ,MUHL+'S REPRES5TATIVE1 IS MAK+ A VA/ =TUNE = HIS EMPLOY] 9 ,9DIA4 ,ON HIS RETURN ,ROB]T DISCOV]S ?AT HIS SI/] HAD BE5 S$UC$ BY Y\NG ,MUHL+1 :OSE FA!R GRACI\SLY (F]S TO /RAI<T5 MATT]S ) A *ECK = #d1 M>KS4 ,ROB]T1 \TRAG$ & 9DIGNANT1 RES5TS ! 9SULT TO HIS FAMILY'S HONOR1 & IS =?) DISMISS$ FROM HIS POSITION = IMPUD5CE4 ,ROB]T F9ALLY ?R[S ?IS ACCUSATION 9TO ! FACE ( ! PHILAN?ROPI/ MILLIONAIRE3  

 0,WE SLAVE = Y\1 WE SACRIFICE \R HE>T'S BLOOD = Y\1 :ILE Y\ S$UCE \R DAU<T]S & SI/]S & K9DLY PAY = !IR DISGRACE ) ! GOLD WE HAVE E>N$ = Y\4 ,?AT IS :AT Y\ CALL HONOR40  

 ,AN 9CID5TAL SIDE-LI<T UPON ! CONCEPTION ( HONOR IS GIV5 BY ,C\NT ,TRA/1 ! PR9CIPAL *>ACT] 9 ! ,EHRE1 A MAN WIDELY CONV]SANT ) ! CU/OMS ( V>I\S CLIMES1 :O RELATES ?AT 9 HIS MANY TRAVELS HE *ANC$ ACROSS A SAVAGE TRIBE :OSE HONOR HE MORTALLY (F5D$ BY REFUS+ ! HOSPITALITY :I* (F]$ HIM ! *>MS ( ! *IEFTA9'S WIFE4  

 ,! !ME ( ,HEIMAT  TREATES ( ! /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! OLD & ! Y\NG G5]ATIONS4 ,IT HOLDS A P]MAN5T & IMPORTANT PLACE 9 DRAMATIC LIT]ATURE4  

 ,MAGDA1 ! DAU<T] ( ,LIEUT5ANT-,COLONEL ,S*W>TZ1 HAS COMMITT$ AN UNP>DONABLE S93 %E REFUS$ ! SUITOR SELECT$ BY H] FA!R4 ,= D>+ TO DISOBEY ! P>5TAL COMM&S %E IS DRIV5 FROM HOME4 ,MAGDA1 FULL ( LIFE & ! SPIRIT ( LIB]TY1 GOES \T 9TO ! WORLD TO RETURN TO H] NATIVE T[N1 TWELVE YE>S LAT]1 A CELEBRAT$ S+]4 ,%E CONS5TS TO VISIT H] P>5TS ON CONDITION ?AT !Y RESPECT ! PRIVACY ( H] PA/4 ,BUT H] M>T9ET FA!R IMM$IATELY BEG9S TO QUE/ION H]1 9SI/+ ON HIS 0PAT]NAL RI<TS40 ,MAGDA IS 9DIGNANT1 BUT GRADUALLY HIS P]SI/5CE BR+S TO LI<T ! TRAG$Y ( H] LIFE4 ,HE LE>NS ?AT ! RESPECT$ ,C\NCILOR VON ,KELL] HAD 9 HIS /UD5T DAYS BE5 ,MAGDA'S LOV]1 :ILE %E WAS BATTL+ = H] ECONOMIC & SOCIAL 9DEP5D5CE4 ,! CONSEQU5CE ( ! FLEET+ ROMANCE WAS A *ILD1 DES]T$ BY ! MAN EV5 BE=E BIR?4 ,! RIGID MILIT>Y FA!R ( ,MAGDA DEM&S AS RETRIBUTION FROM ,C\NCILOR VON ,KELL] ?AT HE LEGALIZE ! LOVE AFFAIR4 ,9 VIEW ( ,MAGDA'S SOCIAL & PR(ESSIONAL SUCCESS1 ,KELL] WILL+LY CONS5TS1 BUT ON CONDITION ?AT %E =SAKE ! /AGE1 & PLACE ! *ILD 9 AN 9/ITUTION4 ,! /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! ,OLD & ! ,NEW CULM9ATES 9 ,MAGDA'S DEFIANT WORDS ( ! WOMAN GR[N TO CONSCI\S 9DEP5D5CE ( ?\<T & ACTION3 04 4 4 ,I'LL SAY :AT ,I ?9K ( Y\--( Y\ & Y\R RESPECTABLE SOCIETY4 ,:Y %\LD ,I BE WORSE ?AN Y\ ?AT ,I MU/ PROLONG MY EXI/5CE AMONG Y\ BY A LIE6 ,:Y %\LD ?IS GOLD UPON MY BODY1 & ! LU/] :I* SURR\NDS MY NAME1 ONLY 9CREASE MY 9FAMY8 ,HAVE ,I NOT WORK$ E>LY & LATE = T5 LONG YE>S8 ,HAVE ,I NOT WOV5 ?IS DRESS ) SLEEPLESS NI<TS8 ,HAVE ,I NOT BUILT UP MY C>E] /EP BY /EP1 LIKE ?\S&S ( MY K9D 8 ,:Y %\LD ,I BLU% BE=E ANYONE8 ,I AM MYSELF1 & ?R\< MYSELF ,I HAVE BECOME :AT ,I AM40  

 ,! G5]AL !ME ( ,HEIMAT--! /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! OLD & Y\NG G5]ATIONS--WAS NOT ORIG9AL4 ,IT HAD BE5 PREVI\SLY TREAT$ BY A MA/] H& 9 ,FA!RS & ,SONS1 PORTRAY+ ! AWAK5+ ( AN AGE4 ,BUT ?\< >TI/ICALLY F> 9F]IOR TO ,TURG5IEV'S WORK1 ,HEIMAT--DEPICT+ ! AWAK5+ ( A SEX--PROV$ A P[]FUL REVOLUTIONIZ+ FACTOR1 MA9LY BECAUSE ( ITS DRAMATIC EXPRESSION4  

 ,! DRAMATI/ :O NOT ONLY DISSEM9AT$ RADICALISM1 BUT LIT]ALLY REVOLUTIONIZ$ ! ?\<TFUL ,G]MANS1 IS ,G]H>DT ,HAUPTMANN4 ,HIS FIR/ PLAY1 ,VOR ,SONN5AUFGANG1#c REFUS$ BY EV]Y LEAD+ ,G]MAN ?REATRE1 BUT F9ALLY P]=M$ 9 ! 9DEP5D5T ,LESS+ ,!AT]1 ACT$ LIKE A /ROKE ( LI<TN+1 ILLUM9AT+ ! 5TIRE SOCIAL HORIZON4 ,ITS SUBJECT MATT] DEALS ) ! LIFE ( AN EXT5SIVE L&-[N]1 IGNORANT1 ILLIT]ATE1 & BRUTALIZ$1 & HIS ECONOMIC SLAVES ( ! SAME M5TAL CALIB]4 ,! 9FLU5CE ( WEAL?1 BO? ON ! VICTIMS :O CREAT$ IT & ! POSSESSOR !RE(1 IS %[N 9 ! MO/ VIVID COLORS1 AS RESULT+ 9 DRUNK5NESS1 IDIOCY1 & DECAY4 ,BUT ! MO/ /RIK+ FEATURE ( ,VOR ,SONFT5AUFGANG1 ! ONE :I* BR\<T A %[] ( ABUSE ON ,HAUPTMANN'S HEAD1 WAS ! QUE/ION AS TO ! 9DISCRIM9ATE BRE$+ ( *ILDR5 BY UNFIT P>5TS4  

 ,DUR+ ! SECOND P]=MANCE ( ! PLAY A LEAD+ ,B]L9 SURGEON ALMO/ CAUS$ A PANIC 9 ! !AT] BY SW++ A PAIR ( =CEPS OV] HIS HEAD & SCREAM+ AT ! TOP ( HIS VOICE3 0,! DEC5CY & MORALITY ( ,G]MANY >E AT /AKE IF *ILDBIR? IS TO BE DISCUSS$ OP5LY FROM ! /AGE40 ,! SURGEON IS =GOTT51 & ,HAUPTMANN /&S A COLOSSAL FIGURE BE=E ! WORLD3  

 ,:5 ,DIE ,WEB]#d FIR/ SAW ! LI<T1 P&EMONIUM BROKE \T 9 ! L& ( ?9K]S & POETS4 0,:AT10 CRI$ ! MORALI/S1 0WORK+M51 DIRTY1 FIL?Y SLAVES1 TO BE PUT ON ! /AGE6 ,POV]TY 9 ALL ITS HORRORS & UGL9ESS TO BE DI%$ \T AS AN AFT] D9N] AMUSEM5T8 ,?AT IS TOO MU*60  

 ,9DE$1 IT WAS TOO MU* = ! FAT & GREASY B\RGEOISIE TO BE BR\<T FACE TO FACE ) ! HORRORS ( ! WEAV]'S EXI/5CE4 ,IT WAS TOO MU* BECAUSE ( ! TRU? & REALITY ?AT RANG LIKE ?UND] 9 ! DEAF E>S ( SELF-SATISFI$ SOCIETY1 ,J'ACCUSE6  

 ,( C\RSE1 IT WAS G5]ALLY KN[N EV5 BE=E ! APPE>ANCE ( ?IS DRAMA ?AT CAPITAL CAN NOT GET FAT UNLESS IT DEV\RS LABOR1 ?AT WEAL? CAN NOT BE HO>D$ EXCEPT ?R\< ! *ANNELS ( POV]TY1 HUNG]1 & COLD2 BUT SU* ?+S >E BETT] KEPT 9 ! D>K1 LE/ ! VICTIMS AWAK5 TO A REALIZATION ( !IR POSITION4 ,BUT IT IS ! PURPOSE ( ! MOD]N DRAMA TO R\SE ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! OPPRESS$2 & ?AT1 9DE$1 WAS ! PURPOSE ( ,G]H>DT ,HAUPTMANN 9 DEPICT+ TO ! WORLD ! CONDITIONS ( ! WEAV]S 9 ,SILESIA4 ,HUMAN BE+S WORK+ EI<TE5 H\RS DAILY1 YET NOT E>N+ 5\< = BREAD & FUEL2 HUMAN BE+S LIV+ 9 BROK51 WRET*$ HUTS HALF COV]$ ) SN[1 & NO?+ BUT TATT]S TO PROTECT !M FROM ! COLD2 9FANTS COV]$ ) SCURVY FROM HUNG] & EXPOSURE2 PREGNANT WOM5 9 ! LA/ /AGES ( CONSUMPTION4 ,VICTIMS ( A B5EVOL5T ,*RI/IAN ]A1 )\T LIFE1 )\T HOPE1 )\T W>M?4 ,AH1 YES1 IT WAS TOO MU*6  

 ,HAUPTMANN'S DRAMATIC V]SATILITY DEALS ) EV]Y /RATUM ( SOCIAL LIFE4 ,BESIDES PORTRAY+ ! GR9D+ EFFECT ( ECONOMIC CONDITIONS1 HE ALSO TREATS ( ! /RUGGLE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL = HIS M5TAL & SPIRITUAL LIB]ATION FROM ! SLAV]Y ( CONV5TION & TRADITION4 ,?US ,HE9RI*1 ! BELL-=G]1 9 ! DRAMATIC PROSE-POEM ,DIE ,V]SUNK5E ,GLOCKE1#e FAILS TO REA* ! M\NTA9 PEAKS ( LIB]TY BECAUSE1 AS ,RAUT5DELE9 SAID1 HE HAD LIV$ 9 ! VALLEY TOO LONG4 ,SIMIL>LY ,DR4 ,VOCK]A? & ,ANNA ,MA> REMA9 LONELY S\LS BECAUSE !Y1 TOO1 LACK ! /R5G? TO DEFY V5]AT$ TRADITIONS4 ,YET !IR V]Y FAILURE MU/ AWAK5 ! REBELLI\S SPIRIT AGA9/ A WORLD =EV] H9D]+ 9DIVIDUAL & SOCIAL EMANCIPATION4  

 ,MAX ,HALBE'S ,JUG5D#f & ,W$EK9D'S ,FRUHL+'S ,]WA*5#g >E DRAMAS :I* HAVE DISSEM9AT$ RADICAL ?\<T 9 AN ALTOGE!R DIFF]5T DIRECTION4 ,!Y TREAT ( ! *ILD & ! D5SE IGNORANCE & N>R[ ,PURITANISM ?AT MEET ! AWAK5+ ( NATURE4 ,P>TICUL>LY IS ?IS TRUE ( ,FRUHL+'S ,]WA*54 ,Y\NG GIRLS & BOYS SACRIFIC$ ON ! ALT> ( FALSE $UCATION & ( \R SICK5+ MORALITY ?AT PROHIBITS ! 5LI<T5M5T ( Y\? AS TO QUE/IONS SO IMP]ATIVE TO ! HEAL? & WELL-BE+ ( SOCIETY1--! ORIG9 ( LIFE1 & ITS FUNCTIONS4 ,IT %[S H[ A MO!R--& A TRULY GOOD MO!R1 AT ?AT--KEEPS H] F\RTE5-YE>-OLD DAU<T] 9 ABSOLUTE IGNORANCE AS TO ALL MATT]S ( SEX1 & :5 F9ALLY ! Y\NG GIRL FALLS A VICTIM TO H] IGNORANCE1 ! SAME MO!R SEES H] *ILD KILL$ BY QUACK M$IC9ES4 ,! 9SCRIPTION ON H] GRAVE /ATES ?AT %E DI$ ( ANEMIA1 & MORALITY IS SATISFI$4  

 ,! FATALITY ( \R ,PURITANIC HYPOCRISY 9 !SE MATT]S IS ESPECIALLY ILLUM9$ BY ,W$EK9D 9 SO F> AS \R MO/ PROMIS+ *ILDR5 FALL VICTIMS TO SEX IGNORANCE & ! UTT] LACK ( APPRECIATION ON ! P>T ( ! TEA*]S ( ! *ILD'S AWAK5+4  

 ,W5DLA1 UNUSUALLY DEVELOP$ & AL]T = H] AGE1 PLEADS ) H] MO!R TO EXPLA9 ! MY/]Y ( LIFE3  

 0,I HAVE A SI/] :O HAS BE5 M>RI$ = TWO & A HALF YE>S4 ,I MYSELF HAVE BE5 MADE AN AUNT = ! ?IRD TIME1 & ,I HAV5'T ! LEA/ IDEA H[ IT ALL COMES AB\T4444 ,DON'T BE CROSS1 ,MO!R1 DE>6 ,:OM 9 ! WORLD %\LD ,I ASK BUT Y\8 ,DON'T SCOLD ME = ASK+ AB\T IT4 ,GIVE ME AN ANSW]4-- ,H[ DOES IT HAPP548--,Y\ CANNOT REALLY DECEIVE Y\RSELF ?AT ,I1 :O AM F\RTE5 YE>S OLD1 /ILL BELIEVE 9 ! /ORK40  

 ,W]E H] MO!R H]SELF NOT A VICTIM ( FALSE NOTIONS ( MORALITY1 AN AFFECTIONATE & S5SIBLE EXPLANATION MI<T HAVE SAV$ H] DAU<T]4 ,BUT ! CONV5TIONAL MO!R SEEKS TO HIDE H] 0MORAL0 %AME & EMB>RASSM5T 9 ?IS EVASIVE REPLY3  

 0,9 ORD] TO HAVE A *ILD--ONE MU/ LOVE ! MAN--TO :OM ONE IS M>RI$4444 ,ONE MU/ LOVE HIM1 ,W5DLA1 AS Y\ AT Y\R AGE >E /ILL UNABLE TO LOVE4--,N[ Y\ KN[ IT60  

 ,H[ MU* ,W5DLA 0KNEW0 ! MO!R REALIZ$ TOO LATE4 ,! PREGNANT GIRL IMAG9ES H]SELF ILL ) DROPSY4 ,& :5 H] MO!R CRIES 9 DESP]ATION1 0,Y\ HAV5'T ! DROPSY1 Y\ HAVE A *ILD1 GIRL10 ! AGONIZ$ ,W5DLA EXCLAIMS 9 BEWILD]M5T3 0,BUT IT'S NOT POSSIBLE1 ,MO!R1 ,I AM NOT M>RI$ YET4444 ,OH1 ,MO!R1 :Y DIDN'T Y\ TELL ME EV]Y?+80  

 ,) EQUAL /UPIDITY ! BOY ,MORRIS IS DRIV5 TO SUICIDE BECAUSE HE FAILS 9 HIS S*OOL EXAM9ATIONS ,& ,MEL*IOR1 ! Y\?FUL FA!R ( ,W5DLA'S UNBORN *ILD1 IS S5T TO ! ,H\SE ( ,CORRECTION1 HIS E>LY SEXUAL AWAK5+ /AMP+ HIM A DEG5]ATE 9 ! EYES ( TEA*]S & P>5TS4  

 ,= YE>S ?\<TFUL M5 & WOM5 9 ,G]MANY HAD ADVOCAT$ ! COMPELL+ NECESSITY ( SEX 5LI<T5M5T4 ,MUTT]S*UTZ1 A PUBLICATION SPECIALLY DEVOT$ TO FRANK & 9TELLIG5T DISCUSSION ( ! SEX PROBLEM1 HAS BE5 C>RY+ ON ITS AGITATION = A CONSID]ABLE TIME4 ,BUT IT REMA9$ = ! DRAMATIC G5IUS ( ,W$EK9D TO 9FLU5CE RADICAL ?\<T TO ! EXT5T ( =C+ ! 9TRODUCTION ( SEX PHYSIOLOGY 9 MANY S*OOLS ( ,G]MANY4  

 ,SC&9AVIA1 LIKE ,G]MANY1 WAS ADVANC$ ?R\< ! DRAMA MU* MORE ?AN ?R\< ANY O!R *ANNEL4 ,LONG BE=E ,IBS5 APPE>$ ON ! SC5E1 ,BJORNSON1 ! GREAT ESSAYI/1 ?UND]$ AGA9/ ! 9EQUALITIES & 9JU/ICE PREVAL5T 9 ?OSE C\NTRIES4 ,BUT HIS WAS A VOICE 9 ! WILD]NESS1 REA*+ BUT ! FEW4 ,NOT SO ) ,IBS54 ,HIS ,BR&1 ,DOLL'S ,H\SE1 ,PILL>S ( ,SOCIETY1 ,<O/S1 & ,AN ,5EMY ( ! ,PEOPLE  HAVE CONSID]ABLY UND]M9$ ! OLD CONCEPTIONS1 & REPLAC$ !M BY A MOD]N & REAL VIEW ( LIFE4 ,ONE HAS BUT TO READ ,BR&  TO REALIZE ! MOD]N CONCEPTION1 LET US SAY1 ( RELIGION1--RELIGION1 AS AN IDEAL TO BE A*IEV$ ON E>?2 RELIGION AS A PR9CIPLE ( HUMAN BRO!RHOOD1 ( SOLID>ITY1 & K9DNESS4  

 ,IBS51 ! SUPREME HAT] ( ALL SOCIAL %AMS1 HAS TORN ! VEIL ( HYPOCRISY FROM !IR FACES4 ,HIS GREATE/ ONSLAU<T1 H[EV]1 IS ON ! F\R C>D9AL PO9TS SUPPORT+ ! FLIMSY NETWORK ( SOCIETY4 ,FIR/1 ! LIE UPON :I* RE/S ! LIFE ( TODAY2 SECOND1 ! FUTILITY ( SACRIFICE AS PREA*$ BY \R MORAL CODES2 ?IRD1 PETTY MAT]IAL CONSID]ATION1 :I* IS ! ONLY GOD ! MAJORITY WOR%IPS2 & F\R?1 ! DEAD5+ 9FLU5CE ( PROV9CIALISM4 ,!SE F\R RECUR AS ! ,LEITMOTIV  9 MO/ ( ,IBS5'S PLAYS1 BUT P>TICUL>LY 9 ,PILL>S ( ,SOCIETY1 ,DOLL'S ,H\SE1 ,<O/S1 & ,AN ,5EMY ( ! ,PEOPLE4  

 ,PILL>S ( ,SOCIETY6 ,:AT A TREM5D\S 9DICTM5T AGA9/ ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE ?AT RE/S ON ROTT5 & DECAY$ PILL>S1--PILL>S NICELY GILD$ & APP>5TLY 9TACT1 YET M]ELY HID+ !IR TRUE CONDITION4 ,& :AT >E !SE PILL>S8  

 ,CONSUL ,B]NICK1 AT ! V]Y HEI<T ( HIS SOCIAL & F9ANCIAL C>E]1 ! B5EFACTOR ( HIS T[N & ! /RONGE/ PILL> ( ! COMMUNITY1 HAS REA*$ ! SUMMIT ?R\< ! *ANNEL ( LIES1 DECEPTION1 & FRAUD4 ,HE HAS ROBB$ HIS BOSOM FRI5D ,JOHANN ( HIS GOOD NAME1 & HAS BETRAY$ ,LONA ,HESSEL1 ! WOMAN HE LOV$1 TO M>RY H] /EPSI/] = ! SAKE ( H] MONEY4 ,HE HAS 5RI*$ HIMSELF BY %ADY TRANSACTIONS1 UND] COV] ( 0! COMMUNITY'S GOOD10 & F9ALLY EV5 GOES TO ! EXT5T ( 5DANG]+ HUMAN LIFE BY PREP>+ ! ,9DIAN ,GIRL1 A ROTT5 & DANG]\S VESSEL1 TO GO TO SEA4  

 ,BUT ! RETURN ( ,LONA BR+S HIM ! REALIZATION ( ! EMPT9ESS & MEANNESS ( HIS N>R[ LIFE4 ,HE SEEKS TO PLACATE ! WAK+ CONSCI5CE BY ! HOPE ?AT HE HAS CLE>$ ! GR\ND = ! BETT] LIFE ( HIS SON1 ( ! NEW G5]ATION4 ,BUT EV5 ?IS LA/ HOPE SOON FALLS TO ! GR\ND1 AS HE REALIZES ?AT TRU? CANNOT BE BUILT ON A LIE4 ,AT ! V]Y MOM5T :5 ! :OLE T[N IS PREP>$ TO CELEBRATE ! GREAT B5EFACTOR ( ! COMMUNITY ) BANQUET PRAISE1 HE HIMSELF1 N[ GR[N TO FULL SPIRITUAL MANHOOD1 CONFESSES TO ! ASSEMBL$ T[NSPEOPLE3  

 0,I HAVE NO RI<T TO ?IS HOMAGE--4 4 4 ,MY FELL[ CITIZ5S MU/ KN[ ME TO ! CORE4 ,!N LET EV]Y ONE EXAM9E HIMSELF1 & LET US REALIZE ! PR$ICTION ?AT FROM ?IS EV5T WE BEG9 A NEW TIME4 ,! OLD1 ) ITS T9SEL1 ITS HYPOCRISY1 ITS HOLL[NESS1 ITS ,IY+ PROPRIETY1 & ITS PITIFUL C[>DICE1 %ALL LIE BEH9D US LIKE A MUSEUM1 OP5 = 9/RUCTION40  

 ,) A ,DOLL'S ,H\SE ,IBS5 HAS PAV$ ! WAY = WOMAN'S EMANCIPATION4 ,NORA AWAK5S FROM H] DOLL'S ROLE TO ! REALIZATION ( ! 9JU/ICE DONE H] BY H] FA!R & H] HUSB&1 ,HELM] ,TORVALD4  

 0,:ILE ,I WAS AT HOME ) FA!R1 HE US$ TO TELL ME ALL HIS OP9IONS1 & ,I HELD ! SAME OP9IONS4 ,IF ,I HAD O!RS ,I CONCEAL$ !M1 BECAUSE HE W\LD NOT HAVE APPROV$4 ,HE US$ TO CALL ME HIS DOLL *ILD1 & PLAY ) ME AS ,I PLAY$ ) MY DOLLS4 ,!N ,I CAME TO LIVE 9 Y\R H\SE4 ,Y\ SETTL$ EV]Y?+ ACCORD+ TO Y\R TA/E1 & ,I GOT ! SAME TA/E AS Y\1 OR ,I PRET5D$ TO4 ,:5 ,I LOOK BACK ON IT N[1 ,I SEEM TO HAVE BE5 LIV+ LIKE A BEGG>1 FROM H& TO M\?4 ,I LIV$ BY P]=M+ TRICKS = Y\1 ,TORVALD1 BUT Y\ W\LD1 HAVE IT SO4 ,Y\ & FA!R HAVE DONE ME A GREAT WRONG40  

 ,9 VA9 ,HELM] USES ! OLD PHILI/9E >GUM5TS ( WIFELY DUTY & SOCIAL OBLIGATIONS4 ,NORA HAS GR[N \T ( H] DOLL'S DRESS 9TO FULL /ATURE ( CONSCI\S WOMANHOOD4 ,%E IS DET]M9$ TO ?9K & JUDGE = H]SELF4 ,%E HAS REALIZ$ ?AT1 BE=E ALL ELSE1 %E IS A HUMAN BE+1 [+ ! FIR/ DUTY TO H]SELF4 ,%E IS UNDAUNT$ EV5 BY ! POSSIBILITY ( SOCIAL O/RACISM4 ,%E HAS BECOME SKEPTICAL ( ! JU/ICE ( ! LAW1 ! WISDOM ( ! CON/ITUT$4 ,H] REBELL+ S\L RISES 9 PROTE/ AGA9/ ! EXI/+4 ,9 H] [N WORDS3 0,I MU/ MAKE UP MY M9D :I* IS RI<T1 SOCIETY OR ,I40  

 ,9 H] *ILDLIKE FAI? 9 H] HUSB& %E HAD HOP$ = ! GREAT MIRACLE4 ,BUT IT WAS NOT ! DISAPPO9T$ HOPE ?AT OP5$ H] VISION TO ! FALSEHOODS ( M>RIAGE4 ,IT WAS RA!R ! SMUG CONT5TM5T ( ,HELM] ) A SAFE LIE--ONE ?AT W\LD REMA9 HIDD5 & NOT 5DANG] HIS SOCIAL /&+4  

 ,:5 ,NORA CLOS$ BEH9D H] ! DOOR ( H] GILD$ CAGE & W5T \T 9TO ! WORLD A NEW1 REG5]AT$ P]SONALITY1 %E OP5$ ! GATE ( FRE$OM & TRU? = H] [N SEX & ! RACE TO COME4  

 ,MORE ?AN ANY O!R PLAY1 ,<O/S  HAS ACT$ LIKE A BOMB EXPLOSION1 %AK+ ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE TO ITS V]Y F\NDATIONS4  

 ,9 ,DOLL'S ,H\SE  ! JU/IFICATION ( ! UNION BETWE5 ,NORA & ,HELM] RE/$ AT LEA/ ON ! HUSB&'S CONCEPTION ( 9TEGRITY & RIGID ADH]5CE TO \R SOCIAL MORALITY4 ,9DE$1 HE WAS ! CONV5TIONAL IDEAL HUSB& & DEVOT$ FA!R4 ,NOT SO 9 ,<O/S4 ,MRS4 ,ALV+ M>RI$ ,CAPTA9 ,ALV+ ONLY TO F9D ?AT HE WAS A PHYSICAL & M5TAL WRECK1 & ?AT LIFE ) HIM W\LD MEAN UTT] DEGRADATION & BE FATAL TO POSSIBLE (FSPR+4 ,9 H] DESPAIR %E TURN$ TO H] Y\?'S COMPANION1 Y\NG ,PA/OR ,M&]S :O1 AS ! TRUE SAVIOR ( S\LS = HEAV51 MU/ NE$S BE 9DIFF]5T TO E>?LY NECESSITIES4 ,HE S5T H] BACK TO %AME & DEGRADATION1--TO H] DUTIES TO HUSB& & HOME4 ,9DE$1 HAPP9ESS--TO HIM--WAS BUT ! UNHOLY MANIFE/ATION ( A REBELLI\S SPIRIT1 & A WIFE'S DUTY WAS NOT TO JUDGE1 BUT 0TO BE> ) HUMILITY ! CROSS :I* A HI<] P[] HAD = Y\R [N GOOD LAID UPON Y\40  

 ,MRS4 ,ALV+ BORE ! CROSS = TW5TY-SIX LONG YE>S4 ,NOT = ! SAKE ( ! HI<] P[]1 BUT = H] LITTLE SON ,OSWALD1 :OM %E LONG$ TO SAVE FROM ! POISON\S ATMOSPH]E ( H] HUSB&'S HOME4  

 ,IT WAS ALSO = ! SAKE ( ! BELOV$ SON ?AT %E SUPPORT$ ! LIE ( HIS FA!R'S GOODNESS1 9 SUP]/ITI\S AWE ( 0DUTY & DEC5CY40 ,%E LE>N$-- ALAS1 TOO LATE ?AT ! SACRIFICE ( H] 5TIRE LIFE HAD BE5 9 VA91 & ?AT H] SON ,OSWALD WAS VISIT$ BY ! S9S ( HIS FA!R1 ?AT HE WAS IRREVOCABLY DOOM$4 ,?IS1 TOO1 %E LE>N$1 ?AT 0WE >E ALL ( US <O/S4 ,IT IS NOT ONLY :AT WE HAVE 9H]IT$ FROM \R FA!R & MO!R ?AT WALKS 9 US4 ,IT IS ALL SORTS ( DEAD IDEAS & LIFELESS OLD BELIEFS4 ,!Y HAVE NO VITALITY1 BUT !Y CL+ TO US ALL ! SAME & WE CAN'T GET RID ( !M4444 ,& !N WE >E1 ONE & ALL1 SO PITIFULLY AFRAID ( LI<T4 ,:5 Y\ =C$ ME UND] ! YOKE Y\ CALL$ ,DUTY & ,OBLIGATION2 :5 Y\ PRAIS$ AS RI<T & PROP] :AT MY :OLE S\L REBELL$ AGA9/ AS SOME?+ LOA?SOME1 IT WAS !N ?AT ,I BEGAN TO LOOK 9TO ! SEAMS ( Y\R DOCTR9E4 ,I ONLY WI%$ TO PICK AT A S+LE KNOT1 BUT :5 ,I HAD GOT ?AT UNDONE1 ! :OLE ?+ RAVEL$ \T4 ,& !N ,I UND]/OOD ?AT IT WAS ALL MA*9E-SEWN40  

 ,H[ C\LD A SOCIETY MA*9E-SEWN1 FA?OM ! SEE?+ DEP?S :5CE ISSU$ ! GREAT MA/]PIECE ( ,H5RIK ,IBS58 ,IT C\LD NOT UND]/&1 & !RE=E IT P\R$ ! VIALS ( ABUSE & V5OM UPON ITS GREATE/ B5EFACTOR4 ,?AT ,IBS5 WAS NOT DAUNT$ HE HAS PROV$ BY HIS REPLY 9 ,AN ,5EMY ( ! ,PEOPLE4  

 ,9 ?AT GREAT DRAMA ,IBS5 P]=MS ! LA/ FUN]AL RITES OV] A DECAY+ & DY+ SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,\T ( ITS A%ES RISES ! REG5]AT$ 9DIVIDUAL1 ! BOLD & D>+ REBEL4 ,DR4 ,/OCKMAN1 AN IDEALI/1 FULL ( SOCIAL SYMPA?Y & SOLID>ITY1 IS CALL$ TO HIS NATIVE T[N AS ! PHYSICIAN ( ! BA?S4 ,HE SOON DISCOV]S ?AT ! LATT] >E BUILT ON A SWAMP1 & ?AT 9/EAD ( F9D+ RELIEF ! PATI5TS1 :O FLOCK TO ! PLACE1 >E BE+ POISON$4  

 ,AN HONE/ MAN1 ( /RONG CONVICTIONS1 ! DOCTOR CONSID]S IT HIS DUTY TO MAKE HIS DISCOV]Y KN[N4 ,BUT HE SOON LE>NS ?AT DIVID5DS & PR(ITS >E CONC]N$ NEI!R ) HEAL? NOR PR9CIPLES4 ,EV5 ! RE=M]S ( ! T[N1 REPRES5T$ 9 ! ,PEOPLE'S ,MESS5G]1 ALWAYS READY TO PRATE ( !IR DEVOTION TO ! PEOPLE1 )DRAW !IR SUPPORT FROM ! 0RECKLESS0 IDEALI/1 ! MOM5T !Y LE>N ?AT ! DOCTOR'S DISCOV]Y MAY BR+ ! T[N 9TO DISREPUTE1 & ?US 9JURE !IR POCKETS4  

 ,BUT ,DOCTOR ,/OCKMAN CONT9UES 9 ! FAI? HE 5T]TA9S = HIS T[NSM54 ,!Y W\LD HE> HIM4 ,BUT H]E1 TOO1 HE SOON F9DS HIMSELF ALONE4 ,HE CANNOT EV5 SECURE A PLACE TO PROCLAIM HIS GREAT TRU?4 ,& :5 HE F9ALLY SUCCE$S1 HE IS OV]:ELM$ BY ABUSE & RIDICULE AS ! 5EMY ( ! PEOPLE4 ,! DOCTOR1 SO 5?USIA/IC ( HIS T[NSPEOPLE'S ASSI/ANCE TO ]ADICATE ! EVIL1 IS SOON DRIV5 TO A SOLIT>Y POSITION4 ,! ANN\NCEM5T ( HIS DISCOV]Y W\LD RESULT 9 A PECUNI>Y LOSS TO ! T[N1 & ?AT CONSID]ATION 9DUCES ! (FICIALS1 ! GOOD CITIZ5S1 & S\L RE=M]S1 TO /IFLE ! VOICE ( TRU?4 ,HE F9DS !M ALL A COMPACT MAJORITY1 UNSCRUPUL\S 5\< TO BE WILL+ TO BUILD UP ! PROSP]ITY ( ! T[N ON A QUAGMIRE ( LIES & FRAUD4 ,HE IS ACCUS$ ( TRY+ TO RU9 ! COMMUNITY4 ,BUT TO HIS M9D 0IT DOES NOT MATT] IF A LY+ COMMUNITY IS RU9$4 ,IT MU/ BE LEVEL$ TO ! GR\ND4 ,ALL M5 :O LIVE UPON LIES MU/ BE EXT]M9AT$ LIKE V]M94 ,Y\'LL BR+ IT TO SU* A PASS ?AT ! :OLE C\NTRY WILL DES]VE TO P]I%40  

 ,DOCTOR ,/OCKMAN IS NOT A PRACTICAL POLITICIAN4 ,A FREE MAN1 HE ?9KS1 MU/ NOT BEHAVE LIKE A BLACK GU>D4 0,HE MU/ NOT SO ACT ?AT HE W\LD SPIT 9 HIS [N FACE40 ,= ONLY C[>DS P]MIT 0CONSID]ATIONS0 ( PRET5D$ G5]AL WELF>E OR ( P>TY TO OV]RIDE TRU? & IDEALS4 0,P>TY PROGRAMS WR+ ! NECKS ( ALL Y\NG1 LIV+ TRU?S2 & CONSID]ATIONS ( EXP$I5CY TURN MORALITY & RI<TE\SNESS UPSIDE D[N1 UNTIL LIFE IS SIMPLY HIDE\S40  

 ,!SE PLAYS ( ,IBS5--,! ,PILL>S ( ,SOCIETY1 ,A ,DOLL'S ,H\SE1 ,<O/S1 & ,AN ,5EMY ( ! ,PEOPLE --CON/ITUTE A DYNAMIC =CE :I* IS GRADUALLY DISSIPAT+ ! <O/S WALK+ ! SOCIAL BURY+ GR\ND CALL$ CIVILIZATION4 ,NAY1 MORE2 ,IBS5'S DE/RUCTIVE EFFECTS >E AT ! SAME TIME SUPREMELY CON/RUCTIVE1 = HE NOT M]ELY UND]M9ES EXI/+ PILL>S2 9DE$1 HE BUILDS ) SURE /ROKES ! F\NDATION ( A HEAL?I]1 IDEAL FUTURE1 BAS$ ON ! SOV]EIGNTY ( ! 9DIVIDUAL )9 A SYMPA!TIC SOCIAL 5VIRONM5T4  

 ,5GL& ) H] GREAT PIONE]S ( RADICAL ?\<T1 ! 9TELLECTUAL PILGRIMS LIKE ,GODW91 ,ROB]T ,[51 ,D>W91 ,SP5C]1 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS1 & SCORES ( O!RS2 ) H] WOND]FUL L>KS ( LIB]TY--,%ELLEY1 ,BYRON1 ,KEATS--IS ANO!R EXAMPLE ( ! 9FLU5CE ( DRAMATIC >T4 ,)9 COMP>ATIVELY A FEW YE>S ! DRAMATIC WORKS ( ,%AW1 ,P9]O1 ,GALSWOR?Y1 ,RANN ,K5N$Y1 HAVE C>RI$ RADICAL ?\<T TO ! E>S =M]LY DEAF EV5 TO ,GREAT ,BRITA9'S WONDR\S POETS4 ,?US A PUBLIC :I* WILL REMA9 9DIFF]5T READ+ AN ESSAY BY ,ROB]T ,[5 ON POV]TY1 OR IGNORE ,B]N>D ,%AW'S ,SOCIALI/IC TRACTS1 WAS MADE TO ?9K BY ,MAJOR ,B>B>A1 :]E9 POV]TY IS DESCRIB$ AS ! GREATE/ CRIME ( ,*RI/IAN CIVILIZATION4 0,POV]TY MAKES PEOPLE WEAK1 SLAVI%1 PUNY2 POV]TY CREATES DISEASE1 CRIME1 PRO/ITUTION2 9 F9E1 POV]TY IS RESPONSIBLE = ALL ! ILLS & EVILS ( ! WORLD40 ,POV]TY ALSO NECESSITATES DEP5D5CY1 *>ITABLE ORGANIZATIONS1 9/ITUTIONS ?AT ?RIVE (F ! V]Y ?+ !Y >E TRY+ TO DE/ROY4 ,! ,SALVATION ,>MY1 = 9/ANCE1 AS %[N 9 ,MAJOR ,B>B>A1 FI<TS DRUNK5NESS2 YET ONE ( ITS GREATE/ CONTRIBUTORS IS ,BADG]1 A :ISKEY DI/ILL]1 :O FURNI%ES YE>LY ?\S&S ( P\NDS TO DO AWAY ) ! V]Y S\RCE ( HIS WEAL?4 ,B]N>D ,%AW !RE=E CONCLUDES ?AT ! ONLY REAL B5EFACTOR ( SOCIETY IS A MAN LIKE ,UND]%AFT1 ,B>B>A'S FA!R1 A CANNON MANUFACTUR]1 :OSE !ORY ( LIFE IS ?AT P[D] IS /RONG] ?AN WORDS4  

 0,! WOR/ ( CRIMES10 SAYS ,UND]%AFT1 0IS POV]TY4 ,ALL ! O!R CRIMES >E VIRTUES BESIDE IT2 ALL ! O!R DI%ONORS >E *IVALRY ITSELF BY COMP>ISON4 ,POV]TY BLI<TS :OLE CITIES2 SPREADS HORRIBLE PE/IL5CES2 /RIKES DEAD ! V]Y S\L ( ALL :O COME )9 SI<T1 S\ND1 OR SMELL ( IT4 ,:AT Y\ CALL CRIME IS NO?+2 A MURD] H]E1 A !FT !RE1 A BL[ N[ & A CURSE !RE3 :AT DO !Y MATT]8 ,!Y >E ONLY ! ACCID5TS & ILLNESSES ( LIFE2 !RE >E NOT FIFTY G5U9E PR(ESSIONAL CRIM9ALS 9 ,LONDON4 ,BUT !RE >E MILLIONS ( POOR PEOPLE1 ABJECT PEOPLE1 DIRTY PEOPLE1 ILL-F$1 ILL-CLO!D PEOPLE4 ,!Y POISON US MORALLY & PHYSICALLY2 !Y KILL ! HAPP9ESS ( SOCIETY2 !Y =CE US TO DO AWAY ) \R [N LIB]TIES & TO ORGANIZE UNNATURAL CRUELTIES = FE> !Y %\LD RISE AGA9/ US & DRAG US D[N 9TO !IR ABYSS4444 ,POV]TY & SLAV]Y HAVE /OOD UP = C5TURIES TO Y\R S]MONS & LEAD+ >TICLES2 !Y WILL NOT /& UP TO MY MA*9E GUNS4 ,DON'T PREA* AT !M2 DON'T REASON ) !M4 ,KILL !M4444 ,IT IS ! F9AL TE/ ( CONVICTION1 ! ONLY LEV] /RONG 5\< TO OV]TURN A SOCIAL SY/EM4444 ,VOTE6 ,BAH6 ,:5 Y\ VOTE1 Y\ ONLY *ANGE ! NAME ( ! CAB9ET4 ,:5 Y\ %OOT1 Y\ PULL D[N GOV]NM5TS1 9AUGURATE NEW EPO*S1 ABOLI% OLD ORD]S1 & SET UP NEW40  

 ,NO WOND] PEOPLE C>$ LITTLE TO READ ,MR4 ,%AW'S ,SOCIALI/IC TRACTS4 ,9 NO O!R WAY BUT 9 ! DRAMA C\LD HE DELIV] SU* =CIBLE1 HI/ORIC TRU?S4 ,& !RE=E IT IS ONLY ?R\< ! DRAMA ?AT ,MR4 ,%AW IS A REVOLUTION>Y FACTOR 9 ! DISSEM9ATION ( RADICAL IDEAS4  

 ,AFT] ,HAUPTMANN'S ,DIE ,WEB]1 ,/RIFE1 BY ,GALSWOR?Y1 IS ! MO/ IMPORTANT LABOR DRAMA4  

 ,! !ME ( ,/RIFE  IS A /RIKE ) TWO DOM9ANT FACTORS3 ,AN?ONY1 ! PRESID5T ( ! COMPANY1 RIGID1 UNCOMPROMIS+1 UNWILL+ TO MAKE ! SLI<TE/ CONCESSION1 AL?\< ! M5 HELD \T = MON?S & >E 9 A CONDITION ( SEMI-/>VATION2 & ,DAVID ,ROB]TS1 AN UNCOMPROMIS+ REVOLUTIONI/1 :OSE DEVOTION TO ! WORK+M5 & ! CAUSE ( FRE$OM IS AT :ITE HEAT4 ,BETWE5 !M ! /RIK]S >E WORN & WE>Y ) ! T]RIBLE /RUGGLE1 & >E H>ASS$ & DRIV5 BY ! AWFUL SI<T ( POV]TY & WANT 9 !IR FAMILIES4  

 ,! MO/ M>VEL\S & BRILLIANT PIECE ( WORK 9 ,/RIFE  IS ,GALSWOR?Y'S PORTRAYAL ( ! MOB 9 ITS FICKL5ESS & LACK ( BACKBONE4 ,ONE MOM5T !Y APPLAUD OLD ,?OMAS1 :O SPEAKS ( ! P[] ( ,GOD & RELIGION & ADMONI%ES ! M5 AGA9/ REBELLION2 ! NEXT 9/ANT !Y >E C>RI$ AWAY BY A WALK+ DELEGATE1 :O PLEADS ! CAUSE ( ! UNION1--! UNION ?AT ALWAYS /&S = COMPROMISE1 & :I* =SAKES ! WORK+M5 :5EV] !Y D>E TO /RIKE = 9DEP5D5T DEM&S2 AGA9 !Y >E AGL[ ) ! E>NE/NESS1 ! SPIRIT1 & ! 9T5SITY ( ,DAVID ,ROB]TS--ALL !SE PEOPLE WILL+ TO GO 9 :ATEV] DIRECTION ! W9D BL[S4 ,IT IS ! CURSE ( ! WORK+ CLASS ?AT !Y ALWAYS FOLL[ LIKE %EEP L$ TO SLAU<T]4  

 ,CONSI/5CY IS ! GREATE/ CRIME ( \R COMM]CIAL AGE4 ,NO MATT] H[ 9T5SE ! SPIRIT OR H[ IMPORTANT ! MAN1 ! MOM5T HE WILL NOT ALL[ HIMSELF TO BE US$ OR SELL HIS PR9CIPLES1 HE IS ?R[N ON ! DUS!AP4 ,SU* WAS ! FATE ( ! PRESID5T ( ! COMPANY1 ,AN?ONY1 & ( ,DAVID ,ROB]TS4 ,TO BE SURE !Y REPRES5T$ OPPOSITE POLES--POLES ANTAGONI/IC TO EA* O!R1 POLES DIVID$ BY A T]RIBLE GAP ?AT CAN NEV] BE BRIDG$ OV]4 ,YET !Y %>$ A COMMON FATE4 ,AN?ONY IS ! EMBODIM5T ( CONS]VATISM1 ( OLD IDEAS1 ( IRON ME?ODS3  

 0,I HAVE BE5 *AIRMAN ( ?IS COMPANY ?IRTY-TWO YE>S4 ,I HAVE F\<T ! M5 F\R TIMES4 ,I HAVE NEV] BE5 DEFEAT$4 ,IT HAS BE5 SAID ?AT TIMES HAVE *ANG$4 ,IF !Y HAVE1 ,I HAVE NOT *ANG$ ) !M4 ,IT HAS BE5 SAID ?AT MA/]S & M5 >E EQUAL4 ,CANT4 ,!RE CAN BE ONLY ONE MA/] 9 A H\SE4 ,IT HAS BE5 SAID ?AT ,CAPITAL & ,LABOR HAVE ! SAME 9T]E/S4 ,CANT4 ,!IR 9T]E/S >E AS WIDE ASUND] AS ! POLES4 ,!RE IS ONLY ONE WAY ( TREAT+ M5--) ! IRON ROD4 ,MA/]S >E MA/]S4 ,M5 >E M540  

 ,WE MAY NOT LIKE ?IS ADH]5CE TO OLD1 REACTION>Y NOTIONS1 & YET !RE IS SOME?+ ADMIRABLE 9 ! C\RAGE & CONSI/5CY ( ?IS MAN1 NOR IS HE HALF AS DANG]\S TO ! 9T]E/S ( ! OPPRESS$1 AS \R S5TIM5TAL & S(T RE=M]S :O ROB ) N9E F+]S1 & GIVE LIBR>IES ) ! T5?2 :O GR9D HUMAN BE+S LIKE ,RUSSELL ,SAGE1 & !N SP5D MILLIONS ( DOLL>S 9 SOCIAL RESE>* WORK2 :O TURN BEAUTIFUL Y\NG PLANTS 9TO FAD$ OLD WOM51 & !N GIVE !M A FEW PALTRY DOLL>S OR F\ND A ,HOME = ,WORK+ ,GIRLS4 ,AN?ONY IS A WOR?Y FOE2 & TO FI<T SU* A FOE1 ONE MU/ LE>N TO MEET HIM 9 OP5 BATTLE4  

 ,DAVID ,ROB]TS HAS ALL ! M5TAL & MORAL ATTRIBUTES ( HIS ADV]S>Y1 C\PL$ ) ! SPIRIT ( REVOLT & ! DEP? ( MOD]N IDEAS4 ,HE1 TOO1 IS CONSI/5T1 & WANTS NO?+ = HIS CLASS %ORT ( COMPLETE VICTORY4  

 0,IT IS NOT = ?IS LITTLE MOM5T ( TIME WE >E FI<T+1 NOT = \R [N LITTLE BODIES & !IR W>M?3 IT IS = ALL ?OSE :O COME AFT]1 = ALL TIMES4 ,OH1 M51 = ! LOVE ( !M DON'T TURN UP ANO!R /ONE ON !IR HEADS1 DON'T HELP TO BLACK5 ! SKY4 ,IF WE CAN %AKE ?AT :ITE-FAC$ MON/] ) ! BLOODY LIPS ?AT HAS SUCK$ ! LIVES \T ( \RSELVES1 \R WIVES1 & *ILDR51 S9CE ! WORLD BEGAN1 IF WE HAVE NOT ! HE>TS ( M5 TO /& AGA9/ IT1 BREA/ TO BREA/ & EYE TO EYE1 & =CE IT BACKW>D TILL IT CRY = M]CY1 IT WILL GO ON SUCK+ LIFE1 & WE %ALL /AY =EV] :]E WE >E1 LESS ?AN ! V]Y DOGS40  

 ,IT IS 9EVITABLE ?AT COMPROMISE & PETTY 9T]E/ %\LD PASS ON & LEAVE TWO SU* GIANTS BEH9D4 ,9EVITABLE1 UNTIL ! MASS WILL REA* ! /ATURE ( A ,DAVID ,ROB]TS4 ,WILL IT EV]8 ,PROPHECY IS NOT ! VOCATION ( ! DRAMATI/1 YET ! MORAL LESSON IS EVID5T4 ,ONE CANNOT HELP REALIZ+ ?AT ! WORK+M5 WILL HAVE TO USE ME?ODS HI!RTO UNFAMILI> TO !M2 ?AT !Y WILL HAVE TO DISC>D ALL ?OSE ELEM5TS 9 !IR MID/ ?AT >E =EV] READY TO RECONCILE ! IRRECONCILABLE1 NAMELY ,CAPITAL & ,LABOR4 ,!Y WILL HAVE TO LE>N ?AT *>ACT]S LIKE ,DAVID ,ROB]TS >E ! V]Y =CES ?AT HAVE REVOLUTIONIZ$ ! WORLD & ?US PAV$ ! WAY = EMANCIPATION \T ( ! CLUT*ES ( ?AT 0:ITE-FAC$ MON/] ) BLOODY LIPS10 T[>DS A BRI<T] HORIZON1 A FRE] LIFE1 & A DEEP] RECOGNITION ( HUMAN VALUES4  

 ,NO SUBJECT ( EQUAL SOCIAL IMPORT HAS RECEIV$ SU* EXT5SIVE CONSID]ATION )9 ! LA/ FEW YE>S AS ! QUE/ION ( PRISON & PUNI%M5T4  

 ,H>DLY ANY MAGAZ9E ( CONSEQU5CE ?AT HAS NOT DEVOT$ ITS COLUMNS TO ! DISCUSSION ( ?IS VITAL !ME4 ,A NUMB] ( BOOKS BY ABLE WRIT]S1 BO? 9 ,AM]ICA & ABROAD1 HAVE DISCUSS$ ?IS TOPIC FROM ! HI/ORIC1 PSY*OLOGIC1 & SOCIAL /&PO9T1 ALL AGREE+ ?AT PRES5T P5AL 9/ITUTIONS & \R MODE ( COP+ ) CRIME HAVE 9 EV]Y RESPECT PROV$ 9ADEQUATE AS WELL AS WA/EFUL4 ,ONE W\LD EXPECT ?AT SOME?+ V]Y RADICAL %\LD RESULT FROM ! CUMULATIVE LIT]>Y 9DICTM5T ( ! SOCIAL CRIMES P]PETRAT$ UPON ! PRISON]4 ,YET ) ! EXCEPTION ( A FEW M9OR & COMP>ATIVELY 9SIGNIFICANT RE=MS 9 SOME ( \R PRISONS1 ABSOLUTELY NO?+ HAS BE5 ACCOMPLI%$4 ,BUT AT LA/ ?IS GRAVE SOCIAL WRONG HAS F\ND DRAMATIC 9T]PRETATION 9 ,GALSWOR?Y'S ,JU/ICE4  

 ,! PLAY OP5S 9 ! (FICE ( ,JAMES ,H[ & ,SONS1 ,SOLICITORS4 ,! S5IOR CL]K1 ,ROB]T ,COKESON1 DISCOV]S ?AT A *ECK HE HAD ISSU$ = N9E P\NDS HAS BE5 =G$ TO N9ETY4 ,BY ELIM9ATION1 SUSPICION FALLS UPON ,WILLIAM ,FALD]1 ! JUNIOR (FICE CL]K4 ,! LATT] IS 9 LOVE ) A M>RI$ WOMAN1 ! ABUS$1 ILL-TREAT$ WIFE ( A BRUTAL DRUNK>D4 ,PRESS$ BY HIS EMPLOY]1 A SEV]E YET NOT UNK9DLY MAN1 ,FALD] CONFESSES ! =G]Y1 PLEAD+ ! DIRE NECESSITY ( HIS SWEE!>T1 ,RU? ,HONEYWILL1 ) :OM HE HAD PLANN$ TO ESCAPE TO SAVE H] FROM ! UNBE>ABLE BRUTALITY ( H] HUSB&4 ,NOT)/&+ ! 5TREATIES ( Y\NG ,WALT]1 :O IS T\*$ BY MOD]N IDEAS1 HIS FA!R1 A MORAL & LAW-RESPECT+ CITIZ51 TURNS ,FALD] OV] TO ! POLICE4  

 ,! SECOND ACT1 9 ! C\RT-ROOM1 %[S ,JU/ICE 9 ! V]Y PROCESS ( MANUFACTURE4 ,! SC5E EQUALS 9 DRAMATIC P[] & PSY*OLOGIC V]ITY ! GREAT C\RT SC5E 9 ,RESURRECTION4 ,Y\NG ,FALD]1 A N]V\S & RA!R WEAKLY Y\? ( TW5TY-?REE1 /&S BE=E ! B>4 ,RU?1 HIS M>RI$ SWEE!>T1 FULL ( LOVE & DEVOTION1 BURNS ) ANXIETY TO SAVE ! Y\? :OSE AFFECTION BR\<T AB\T HIS PRES5T PR$ICAM5T4 ,! Y\NG MAN IS DEF5D$ BY ,LAWY] ,FROME1 :OSE SPEE* TO ! JURY IS A MA/]PIECE ( DEEP SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY WREA!D ) ! T5DRILS ( HUMAN UND]/&+ & SYMPA?Y4 ,HE DOES NOT ATTEMPT TO DISPUTE ! M]E FACT ( ,FALD] HAV+ ALT]$ ! *ECK2 & ?\< HE PLEADS TEMPOR>Y AB]RATION 9 DEF5SE ( HIS CLI5T1 ?AT PLEA IS BAS$ UPON A SOCIAL CONSCI\SNESS AS DEEP & ALL-EMBRAC+ AS ! ROOTS ( \R SOCIAL ILLS--0! BACKGR\ND ( LIFE1 ?AT PALPITAT+ LIFE :I* ALWAYS LIES BEH9D ! COMMISSION ( A CRIME40 ,HE %[S ,FALD] TO HAVE FAC$ ! ALT]NATIVE ( SEE+ ! BELOV$ WOMAN MURD]$ BY H] BRUTAL HUSB&1 :OM %E CANNOT DIVORCE2 OR ( TAK+ ! LAW 9TO HIS [N H&S4 ,! DEF5SE PLEADS ) ! JURY NOT TO TURN ! WEAK Y\NG MAN 9TO A CRIM9AL BY CONDEMN+ HIM TO PRISON1 = 0JU/ICE IS A MA*9E ?AT1 :5 SOMEONE HAS GIV5 IT A />T+ PU%1 ROLLS ON ( ITSELF4444 ,IS ?IS Y\NG MAN TO BE GR\ND TO PIECES UND] ?IS MA*9E = AN ACT :I*1 AT ! WOR/1 WAS ONE ( WEAKNESS8 ,IS HE TO BECOME A MEMB] ( ! LUCKLESS CREWS ?AT MAN ?OSE D>K1 ILL-/>R$ %IPS CALL$ PRISONS8 4 4 4 ,I URGE Y\1 G5TLEM51 DO NOT RU9 ?IS Y\NG MAN4  ,= AS A RESULT ( ?OSE F\R M9UTES1 RU91 UTT] & IRRETRIEVABLE1 />ES HIM 9 ! FACE4444 ,! ROLL+ ( ! *>IOT :EELS ( ,JU/ICE OV] ?IS BOY BEGAN :5 IT WAS DECID$ TO PROSECUTE HIM40  

 ,BUT ! *>IOT ( ,JU/ICE ROLLS M]CILESSLY ON1 =--AS ! LE>N$ ,JUDGE SAYS--0! LAW IS :AT IT IS--A MAJE/IC $IFICE1 %ELT]+ ALL ( US1 EA* /ONE ( :I* RE/S ON ANO!R40  

 ,FALD] IS S5T5C$ TO ?REE YE>S' P5AL S]VITUDE4  

 ,9 PRISON1 ! Y\NG1 9EXP]I5C$ CONVICT SOON F9DS HIMSELF ! VICTIM ( ! T]RIBLE 0SY/EM40 ,! AU?ORITIES ADMIT ?AT Y\NG ,FALD] IS M5TALLY & PHYSICALLY 09 BAD %APE10 BUT NO?+ CAN BE DONE 9 ! MATT]3 MANY O!RS >E 9 A SIMIL> POSITION1 & 0! QU>T]S >E 9ADEQUATE40  

 ,! ?IRD SC5E ( ! ?IRD ACT IS HE>T-GRIPP+ 9 ITS SIL5T =CE4 ,! :OLE SC5E IS A PANTOMIME1 TAK+ PLACE 9 ,FALD]'S PRISON CELL4  

 0,9 FA/-FALL+ DAYLI<T1 ,FALD]1 9 HIS /OCK+S1 IS SE5 /&+ MOTIONLESS1 ) HIS HEAD 9CL9$ T[>DS ! DOOR1 LI/5+4 ,HE MOVES A LITTLE CLOS] TO ! DOOR1 HIS /OCK+$ FEET MAK+ NO NOISE4 ,HE /OPS AT ! DOOR4 ,HE IS TRY+ H>D] & H>D] TO HE> SOME?+1 ANY LITTLE ?+ ?AT IS GO+ ON \T SIDE4 ,HE SPR+S SUDD5LY UPRI<T--AS IF AT A S\ND--& REMA9S P]FECTLY MOTIONLESS4 ,!N1 ) A HEAVY SI<1 HE MOVES TO HIS WORK1 & /&S LOOK+ AT IT1 ) HIS HEAD D[N2 HE DOES A /IT* OR TWO1 HAV+ ! AIR ( A MAN SO LO/ 9 SADNESS ?AT EA* /IT* IS1 AS IT W]E1 A COM+ TO LIFE4 ,!N1 TURN+ ABRUPTLY1 HE BEG9S PAC+ HIS CELL1 MOV+ HIS HEAD1 LIKE AN ANIMAL PAC+ ITS CAGE4 ,HE /OPS AGA9 AT ! DOOR1 LI/5S1 &1 PLAC+ ! PALMS ( HIS H&S AGA9/ IT ) HIS F+]S SPREAD \T1 LEANS HIS =EHEAD AGA9/ ! IRON4 ,TURN+ FROM IT1 PRES5TLY1 HE MOVES SL[LY BACK T[>DS ! W9D[1 HOLD+ HIS HEAD1 AS IF HE FELT ?AT IT W]E GO+ TO BUR/1 & /OPS UND] ! W9D[4 ,BUT S9CE HE CANNOT SEE \T ( IT HE LEAVES (F LOOK+1 &1 PICK+ UP ! LID ( ONE ( ! T9S1 PE]S 9TO IT1 AS IF TRY+ TO MAKE A COMPANION ( HIS [N FACE4 ,IT HAS GR[N V]Y NE>LY D>K4 ,SUDD5LY ! LID FALLS \T ( HIS H& ) A CLATT]--! ONLY S\ND ?AT HAS BROK5 ! SIL5CE--& HE /&S />+ 9T5TLY AT ! WALL :]E ! /UFF ( ! %IRT IS HANG+ RA!R :ITE 9 ! D>KNESS--HE SEEMS TO BE SEE+ SOMEBODY OR SOME?+ !RE4 ,!RE IS A %>P TAP & CLICK2 ! CELL LI<T BEH9D ! GLASS SCRE5 HAS BE5 TURN$ UP4 ,! CELL IS BRI<TLY LI<T$4 ,FALD] IS SE5 GASP+ = BREA?4  

 0,A S\ND FROM F> AWAY1 AS ( DI/ANT1 DULL BEAT+ ON ?ICK METAL1 IS SUDD5LY AUDIBLE4 ,FALD] %R9KS BACK1 NOT ABLE TO BE> ?IS SUDD5 CLAMOR4 ,BUT ! S\ND GR[S1 AS ?\< SOME GREAT TUMBREL W]E ROLL+ T[>DS ! CELL4 ,& GRADUALLY IT SEEMS TO HYPNOTIZE HIM4 ,HE BEG9S CREEP+ 9* BY 9* NE>] TO ! DOOR4 ,! BANG+ S\ND1 TRAVEL+ FROM CELL TO CELL1 DRAWS CLOS] & CLOS]2 ,FALD]'S H&S >E SE5 MOV+ AS IF HIS SPIRIT HAD ALREADY JO9$ 9 ?IS BEAT+1 & ! S\ND SWELLS TILL IT SEEMS TO HAVE 5T]$ ! V]Y CELL4 ,HE SUDD5LY RAISES HIS CL5*$ FI/S4 ,PANT+ VIOL5TLY1 HE FL+S HIMSELF AT HIS DOOR1 & BEATS ON IT40  

 ,F9ALLY ,FALD] LEAVES ! PRISON1 A BROK5 TICKET-(-LEAVE MAN1 ! /AMP ( ! CONVICT UPON HIS BR[1 ! IRON ( MIS]Y 9 HIS S\L4 ,?ANKS TO ,RU?'S PLEAD+1 ! FIRM ( ,JAMES ,H[ & ,SON IS WILL+ TO TAKE ,FALD] BACK 9 !IR EMPLOY1 ON CONDITION ?AT HE GIVE UP ,RU?4 ,IT IS !N ?AT ,FALD] LE>NS ! AWFUL NEWS ?AT ! WOMAN HE LOVES HAD BE5 DRIV5 BY ! M]CILESS ECONOMIC ,MOLO* TO SELL H]SELF4 ,%E 0TRI$ MAK+ SKIRTS 4 4 4 *EAP ?+S4 4 4 4 ,I NEV] MADE MORE ?AN T5 %ILL+S A WEEK1 BUY+ MY [N COTTON1 & WORK+ ALL DAY4 ,I H>DLY EV] GOT TO B$ TILL PA/ TWELVE4444 ,& !N 4 4 4 MY EMPLOY] HAPP5$--HE'S HAPP5$ EV] S9CE40 ,AT ?IS T]RIBLE PSY*OLOGIC MOM5T ! POLICE APPE> TO DRAG HIM BACK TO PRISON = FAIL+ TO REPORT HIMSELF AS TICKET-(-LEAVE MAN4 ,COMPLETELY OV]COME BY ! 9EXORABILITY ( HIS 5VIRONM5T1 Y\NG ,FALD] SEEKS & F9DS PEACE1 GREAT] ?AN HUMAN JU/ICE1 BY ?R[+ HIMSELF D[N TO DEA?1 AS ! DETECTIVES >E TAK+ HIM BACK TO PRISON4  

 ,IT W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO E/IMATE ! EFFECT PRODUC$ BY ?IS PLAY4 ,P]HAPS SOME CONCEPTION CAN BE GA9$ FROM ! V]Y UNUSUAL CIRCUM/ANCE ?AT IT HAD PROV$ SO P[]FUL AS TO 9DUCE ! ,HOME ,SECRET>Y ( ,GREAT ,BRITA9 TO UND]TAKE EXT5SIVE PRISON RE=MS 9 ,5GL&4 ,A V]Y 5C\RAG+ SIGN ?IS1 ( ! 9FLU5CE EX]T$ BY ! MOD]N DRAMA4 ,IT IS TO BE HOP$ ?AT ! ?UND]+ 9DICTM5T ( ,MR4 ,GALSWOR?Y WILL NOT REMA9 )\T SIMIL> EFFECT UPON ! PUBLIC S5TIM5T & PRISON CONDITIONS ( ,AM]ICA4 ,AT ANY RATE IT IS C]TA9 ?AT NO O!R MOD]N PLAY HAS BORNE SU* DIRECT & IMM$IATE FRUIT 9 WAK5+ ! SOCIAL CONSCI5CE4  

 ,ANO!R MOD]N PLAY1 ,! ,S]VANT 9 ! ,H\SE1 /RIKES A VITAL KEY 9 \R SOCIAL LIFE4 ,! H]O ( ,MR4 ,K5N$Y'S MA/]PIECE IS ,ROB]T1 A CO>SE1 FIL?Y DRUNK>D1 :OM RESPECTABLE SOCIETY HAS REPUDIAT$4 ,ROB]T1 ! SEW] CLEAN]1 IS ! REAL H]O ( ! PLAY2 NAY1 ITS TRUE & ONLY SAVIOR4 ,IT IS HE :O VOLUNTE]S TO GO D[N 9TO ! DANG]\S SEW]1 SO ?AT HIS COMRADES 0CAN 'AVE LI<T & AIR40 ,AFT] ALL1 HAS HE NOT SACRIFIC$ HIS LIFE ALWAYS1 SO ?AT O!RS MAY HAVE LI<T & AIR8  

 ,! ?\<T ?AT LABOR IS ! R$EEM] ( SOCIAL WELL-BE+ HAS BE5 CRI$ FROM ! H\SETOPS 9 EV]Y TONGUE & EV]Y CLIME4 ,YET ! SIMPLE WORDS ( ,ROB]T EXPRESS ! SIGNIFICANCE ( LABOR & ITS MISSION ) F> GREAT] POT5CY4  

 ,AM]ICA IS /ILL 9 ITS DRAMATIC 9FANCY4 ,MO/ ( ! ATTEMPTS ALONG ?IS L9E TO MIRROR LIFE1 HAVE BE5 WRET*$ FAILURES4 ,/ILL1 !RE >E HOPEFUL SIGNS 9 ! ATTITUDE ( ! 9TELLIG5T PUBLIC T[>D MOD]N PLAYS1 EV5 IF !Y BE FROM =EIGN SOIL4  

 ,! ONLY REAL DRAMA ,AM]ICA HAS SO F> PRODUC$ IS ,! ,EASIE/ ,WAY1 BY ,EUG5E ,WALT]4  

 ,IT IS SUPPOS$ TO REPRES5T A 0PECULI> PHASE0 ( ,NEW ,YORK LIFE4 ,IF ?AT W]E ALL1 IT W\LD BE ( M9OR SIGNIFICANCE4 ,?AT :I* GIVES ! PLAY ITS REAL IMPORTANCE & VALUE LIES MU* DEEP]4 ,IT LIES1 FIR/1 9 ! FUNDAM5TAL CURR5T ( \R SOCIAL FABRIC :I* DRIVES US ALL1 EV5 /RONG] *>ACT]S ?AN ,LAURA1 9TO ! EASIE/ WAY--A WAY SO V]Y DE/RUCTIVE ( 9TEGRITY1 TRU?1 & JU/ICE4 ,SECONDLY1 ! CRUEL1 S5SELESS FATALISM CONDITION$ 9 ,LAURA'S SEX4 ,!SE TWO FEATURES PUT ! UNIV]SAL /AMP UPON ! PLAY1 & *>ACT]IZE IT AS ONE ( ! /RONGE/ DRAMATIC 9DICTM5TS AGA9/ SOCIETY4  

 ,! CRIM9AL WA/E ( HUMAN 5]GY1 9 ECONOMIC & SOCIAL CONDITIONS1 DRIVES ,LAURA AS IT DRIVES ! AV]AGE GIRL TO M>RY ANY MAN = A 0HOME02 OR AS IT DRIVES M5 TO 5DURE ! WOR/ 9DIGNITIES = A MIS]ABLE PITTANCE4  

 ,!N !RE IS ?AT O!R RESPECTABLE 9/ITUTION1 ! FATALISM ( ,LAURA'S SEX4 ,! 9EVITABILITY ( ?AT =CE IS SUMM$ UP 9 ! FOLL[+ WORDS3 0,DON'T Y\ KN[ ?AT WE C\NT NO MORE 9 ! LIFE ( !SE M5 ?AN TAM$ ANIMALS8 ,IT'S A GAME1 & IF WE DON'T PLAY \R C>DS WELL1 WE LOSE40 ,WOMAN 9 ! BATTLE ) LIFE HAS BUT ONE WEAPON1 ONE COMMODITY--SEX4 ,?AT ALONE S]VES AS A TRUMP C>D 9 ! GAME ( LIFE4  

 ,?IS BL9D FATALISM HAS MADE ( WOMAN A P>ASITE1 AN 9]T ?+4 ,:Y !N EXPECT P]SEV]ANCE OR 5]GY ( ,LAURA8 ,! EASIE/ WAY IS ! PA? MAPP$ \T = H] FROM TIME IMMEMORIAL4 ,%E C\LD FOLL[ NO O!R4  

 ,A NUMB] ( O!R PLAYS C\LD BE QUOT$ AS *>ACT]I/IC ( ! GR[+ ROLE ( ! DRAMA AS A DISSEM9ATOR ( RADICAL ?\<T4 ,SUFFICE IT TO M5TION ,! ,?IRD ,DEGREE1 BY ,*>LES ,KLE92 ,! ,F\R? ,E/ATE1 BY ,M$ILL ,PATT]SON2 ,A ,MAN'S ,WORLD1 BY ,IDA ,CR\T*]S1--ALL PO9T+ TO ! DAWN ( DRAMATIC >T 9 ,AM]ICA1 AN >T :I* IS DISCOV]+ TO ! PEOPLE ! T]RIBLE DISEASES ( \R SOCIAL BODY4  

 ,IT HAS BE5 SAID ( OLD1 ALL ROADS LEAD TO ,ROME4 ,9 P>APHRAS$ APPLICATION TO ! T5D5CIES ( \R DAY1 IT MAY TRULY BE SAID ?AT ALL ROADS LEAD TO ! GREAT SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION4 ,! ECONOMIC AWAK5+ ( ! WORK+MAN1 & HIS REALIZATION ( ! NECESSITY = CONC]T$ 9DU/RIAL ACTION2 ! T5D5CIES ( MOD]N $UCATION1 ESPECIALLY 9 !IR APPLICATION TO ! FREE DEVELOPM5T ( ! *ILD2 ! SPIRIT ( GR[+ UNRE/ EXPRESS$ ?R\<1 & CULTIVAT$ BY1 >T & LIT]ATURE1 ALL PAVE ! WAY TO ! ,OP5 ,ROAD4 ,ABOVE ALL1 ! MOD]N DRAMA1 OP]AT+ ?R\< ! D\BLE *ANNEL ( DRAMATI/ & 9T]PRET]1 AFFECT+ AS IT DOES BO? M9D & HE>T1 IS ! /RONGE/ =CE 9 DEVELOP+ SOCIAL DISCONT5T1 SWELL+ ! P[]FUL TIDE ( UNRE/ ?AT SWEEPS ONW>D & OV] ! DAM ( IGNORANCE1 PREJUDICE1 & SUP]/ITION4  

#a ,HONOR4 
#b ,MAGDA4 
#c ,BE=E ,SUNRISE4 
#d ,! ,WEAV]S4 
#e ,! ,SUNK5 ,BELL4 
#f ,Y\?4 
#g ,! ,AWAK5+ ( ,SPR+4 

,S\RCE3  0,AN>*ISM & ,O!R ,ESSAYS10 BY ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN1 ,MO!R ,E>? ,PUBLI%+ ,ASSOCIATION1 ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#i#a4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aia 3 ,! ,MOD]N ,DRAMA -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#c1 #bag 3 ,! ,MOD]N ,DRAMA -- ,ADD$4 
,M>* #g1 #bba 3 ,! ,MOD]N ,DRAMA -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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