,! ,LEFT3 ,A%ES TO ,PHO5IX 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,&REW ,FLOOD 

,TEXT 3 

,IT HAS BECOME SOME?+ ( A CLI*E TO REF] TO ! DEA? OR COLLAPSE ( ! LEFT4 ,:AT'S /ILL MISS+ H[EV] IS AN ANALYSIS ( :AT W5T WRONG ) ! LEFT4 ,ONE ?AT GOES BEYOND SURFACE MANIFE/ATIONS1 & REA*ES 9TO ITS CORE POLITICS4 ,?IS LACK ( ANALYSIS MEANS ?AT MU* ( ! 'NEW LEFT' IS NOT ?AT NEW AT ALL1 M]ELY A REPACKAG+ ( OLD IDEAS 9 NEW WRAPP]S4 

,MAJOR *ANGES HAVE OCCURR$ 9 ! LEFT ?R\<\T ITS %ORT HI/ORY4 ,9 BO? NUMB]S & POLITICS !RE HAVE BE5 WIDE SW+S FROM TIMES ( HOPE & MASS NUMB]S TO TIMES ( DESPAIR & COLLAPSE4 ,9 ! LATE #f'S & E>LY #g'S ! LEFT GREW 9T]NATIONALLY1 ATTRACT+ HUGE NUMB]S & LEAD+ REAL BATTLES4 ,TODAY ?IS GR[? HAS COLLAPS$ ALMO/ TOTALLY1 MANY ( ! ORGANIZATIONS ?AT L$ IT NO LONG] EXI/ & ! IDEAS ( ?OSE ?AT SURVIVE1 HAVE BE5 = ! MO/ P>T SO DISCR$IT$1 ?AT IT IS UNLIKELY !Y CAN EV] RECOV]4 

,! COLLAPSE ( ! LEFT 

,S9CE ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION ! LEFT HAS BE5 DIVID$ 9TO TWO GREAT CAMPS4 ,!RE W]E ?OSE :O FOLL[$ ! ,BOL%EVIK MODEL ( A REVOLUTION>Y SEIZURE ( /ATE P[] & ?OSE :O FOLL[$ ! MORE TRADITIONAL ,M>XI/ MODEL ( SOCIAL DEMOCRACY1 SEEK+ TO GA9 /ATE P[] ELECTORALLY :]E POSSIBLE4 ,AL?\< !RE W]E O!R SIGNIFICANT MOVEM5TS1 9CLUD+ ! AN>*I/S1 :AT %AP$ ! LEFT TODAY W]E ! SPLITS )9 ?OSE TWO CAMPS & ! P]IMET] ( DEBATE LAID D[N >\ND !M4 

,! ,COMMUNI/ P>TIES BUILT REAL MASS P>TIES 9 MANY C\NTRIES1 & EXP&$ !IR 9FLU5CE FROM ,RUSSIA TO A HO/ ( O!R NATIONS4 ,ALONG ) ALL ?OSE :O CLAIM$ ! ,BOL%EVIK LEGACY1 !Y RODE A C>PET ( TRIUMPHALISM = MANY YE>S1 ONE ?AT LIMIT$ DEBATE >\ND REVOLUTION TO V>IATIONS ON ! ,L59I/ MODEL4 ,EV5 9 C\NTRIES LIKE ,IREL& :]E !Y NEV] REA*$ SIGNIFICANT NUMB]S1 ! PRE/IGE ( ,RUSSIA & ! O!R REVOLUTIONS 5ABL$ !M TO WIELD AN 9FLU5CE F> \T ( PROPORTION ) !IR NUMB]S1 AMONG 9TELLECTUALS & 9 ! UNIONS4  ,BUT T[>DS ! 5D ( ! #a#i#h'S ! :OLE $IFICE CRA%$ TO ! GR\ND ALMO/ OV]NI<T4 ,9 ! EA/ ! P>TIES W]E OV]?R[N1 9 ! WE/ !Y SPLIT 9TO COMPET+ & MO/LY IRRELEVANT FACTIONS4 

,! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS 9 ! YE>S AFT] ! ,FIR/ ,WORLD ,W> EXP&$ ON ! E>LI] SUCCESS ( ! ,G]MAN ,S,D,P & CAME TO P[] 9 C\NTRY AFT] C\NTRY4 ,MO/ ( ! WE/]N DEMOCRACIES HAVE HAD SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC GOV]NM5TS 9 ! 9T]V5+ P]IOD4 ,BUT ! LEFT SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS HAD ALWAYS LOOK$ TO ! ,U,S,S,R AS A GUIDE1 :ILE !IR POLICIES W]E V]Y MU* BAS$ ON ABILITY TO CONTROL & DIRECT NATIONAL CAPITAL4 ,9 ! #h'S ! *ANG$ NATURE ( CAPITAL1 FROM A NATIONAL =M TO AN 9CREAS+LY TRANSNATIONAL ONE MADE SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC ECONOMIC PROGRAMS R$UNDANT4 ,! CONTROL ( ! NATIONAL ECONOMY NE$$ BY ! NATION /ATE = EV5 ! LIMIT$ RE=MS ( SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY IS BEG9N+ TO VANI%4 ,WITNESS H[ EV5 ! ?REAT5$ ELECTION ( A ,LABOR GOV]NM5T 9 ,BRITA9 RESULT$ 9 RAPID CAPITAL TRANSF]S \T ( ! C\NTRY4 ,! LEFT )9 ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC P>TIES COLLAPS$ DUE TO ! 9CREAS+ IMPOT5CE ( !IR PROGRAM & ! EM]G+ CRISIS 9 ! ,U,S,S,R4 ,!IR MASS MEMB]%IP FIR/ DW9DL$ & !N COLLAPS$4 ,TODAY 9 RHETORIC AS WELL AS DE$ !Y >E 9DI/+UI%ABLE FROM ! LIB]AL P>TIES4 

,?IS TW9 COLLAPSE WAS 9T]NATIONAL & RESULT$ 9 ! VA/ BULK ( ?OSE :O CALL$ !MSELVES SOCIALI/ AB&ON+ LEFT POLITICS & ACTIVISM4 ,AS A RELAT$ CONSEQU5CE ! #a#i#h'S ALSO SAW ! 'LEFT' LEAN+ NATIONAL LIB]ATION ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ! ,A,N,C OR ,F,M,L,N COME TO A COMPROMISE ) IMP]IALISM & REA* A SETTLEM5T4 ,?IS HAD A DEMORALIZ+ EFFECT ON ?OSE :OSE PRIM>Y FOCUS WAS SOLID>ITY WORK = !SE ORGANIZATIONS1 ONE ?AT IS /ILL TO REA* ITS FULL CONSEQU5CES AS EV5TS UNFOLD 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA & ,PALE/9E4 

,!RE W]E MANY :O SAW !MSELVES AS \TSIDE ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TIES & ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATS4 ,SOMETIMES ! DIFF]5CES W]E REAL1 AS ) AN>*I/S4 ,SOMETIMES !Y W]E NOT SO REAL BUT APPE>$ SO BECAUSE ( ! V]Y N>R[NESS ( DEBATE1 AS ) MO/ ,TROTSKYI/S4 ,EV5 ) ?IS P]CEIV$ GAP ! V]Y FACT ?AT HUGE NUMB]S AB&ON$ POLITICS HAD A KNOCK ON EFFECT4 ,?IS WAS DEMORALIZ+ BUT IT ALSO MEANT ?AT EFFECTIVE ACTION BECAME 9CREAS+LY IMPOSSIBLE4 ,EV5 IF ! >GUM5TS W]E WON1 ! NETWORKS ?AT C\LD HAVE C>RI$ !M ?R\< NO LONG] EXI/$4 

,IT'S NOT JU/ ! P>TY6 

,ALL ?OSE BODIES :I* C\LD BE DESCRIB$ AS 'LEFT' HAVE SE5 A COLLAPSE 9 9VOLVEM5T4 ,?IS EFFECT IS SE5 NOT JU/ 9 POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY 9 ALL CAMPAIGN+ BODIES4 ,! EFFECT IS SE5 9 ! UNIONS :]E ! NUMB] ( ACTIVI/S HAS DW9DL$ TO ! PO9T :]E MO/ UNPAID POSITIONS >E UNCONTE/$4 ,?IS HAS L$ TO ! \TW>DLY POSITIVE 'ELECTION' ( REVOLUTION>IES TO TRADES C\NCILS & BRAN* COMMITTEES4 ,! REALITY BEH9D ?IS IS MORE TO DO ) NOBODY ELSE BE+ WILL+ TO TAKE ! JOB4 ,9 NO S5SE HAS ! BROAD LAY] ( ACTIVI/S 7:O MI<T ONCE HAVE SE5 F> LEFT POLITICS AS LOONY7 BE5 WON OV]1 RA!R MO/ HAVE DROPP$ \T OR COME TO SEE REVOLUTION>Y POLITICS AS IRRELEVANT RA!R ?AN DANG]\S4 

,! ABILITY ( ! LEFT TO EXPLA9 :AT IS HAPP5+ >\ND IT1 TO 9T]V5E 9 EV5TS & TO *ANGE ! C\RSE ( !M HAS VANI%$4  ,AL?\< ILLUSIONS 9 ! /ATE WAS ALWAYS ! MAJOR PROBLEM ( ! LEFT1 TODAY ! ACTIVITY ( :AT REMA9S IS LITTLE MORE ?AN ATTEMPTS TO GET ! /ATE TO POLICE SOCIETY = ! BETT]4 ,= EXAMPLE ! F>-RI<T IS TO BE C\NT]$ BY TRY+ TO GET ! ,FASCI/S BANN$ BY ! /ATE AT NATIONAL & LOCAL LEVEL4 ,9 FACT MU* ( ! LEFT TODAY SEE PEOPLE !MSELVES AS ! PROBLEM & SEE MORE POLICE1 MORE 9TRUSIVE MANAGEM5T1 MORE CONTROL OV] :AT CAN BE SAID & SE51 AS ! SOLUTION4 ,MO/ NOTABLY ?IS HAS >IS5 9 ! FOCUS ON C5SOR%IP AS NOT JU/ A ME?OD BUT ALMO/ ! ONLY WAY ( FI<T+ BO? RACISM & SEXISM4 

,! DEA? ( ! LEFT IS ALSO REFLECT$ 9 ITS LACK ( HOPE4 ,:]E ONCE ! LEFT WAS ALL AB\T AN EXCIT+ VISION ( A FUTURE SOCIETY N[ IT IS PRE-OCCUPI$ ) A FE> ( ! FUTURE & A LONG+ = ! PA/4 ,NEW SCI5TIFIC DISCOV]IES 9/EAD ( BE+ SE5 AS P>T ( ! PROCESS ( LIB]AT+ MAN FROM NATURE1 >E 9/EAD SE5 AS P>T ( A PLAN TO CREATE A ,HUXLEY TYPE ',BRAVE ,NEW ,WORLD'4 ,H5CE REC5T >TICLES 9 SURVIV+ ,TROTSKYI/ J\RNALS >GUE AGA9/ ,*AOS ,!ORY & ! ,HUMAN ,G5OME PROJECT AS BE+ ANTI-,M>XI/4 ,SCI5CE ONCE SE5 AS ! SOLUTION TO MANY ( HUMANITY'S PROBLEMS IS N[ SE5 AS A MAJOR PROBLEM 9 ITSELF4 

,?IS IS :AT IS MEANT BY SAY+ ! LEFT IS DEAD4 ,ITS NUMB]S HAVE COLLAPS$1 IT HAS NO VISION OR DIRECTION & 9/EAD ( LOOK+ TO ! FUTURE IT WOR%IPS ! PA/4 

,FROM ONE PO9T ( VIEW AN>*I/S CAN 9 P>T WELCOME ?IS COLLAPSE1 AS IT IS ! COLLAPSE ( AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIALISM4 ,MO/ ( ! LEFT ORGANIZATIONS W]E SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC OR ,L59I/ 9 *>ACT] & SO !IR IDEAS W]E 9CAPABLE ( CON/RUCT+ SOCIALISM4 ,! NATURE ( ! COLLAPSE RE9=CES ! AN>*I/ REJECTION ( ! AU?ORIT>IAN ME?ODS ( !SE ORGANIZATIONS AS IT WAS !SE ME?ODS ?AT DE/ROY$ ! POT5TIAL = SOCIALISM4 ,AFT] YE>S ( BE+ TOLD ?AT COMPROMISES & DECEIT W]E ! FA/E/ 7IF NOT ONLY7 WAY TO CREATE SOCIALISM1 AN>*I/S FEEL 5TITL$ TO REPEAT ! RESPONSE ( ,VOL9E TO ,TROTSKY 9 #aiai AT ! HEI<T ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,CIVIL W>3 

,TROTSKY3 ,ONE CAN'T MAKE AN OMELET )\T BREAK+ EGGS 

,VOL9E3 ,I SEE ! BROK5 EGGS N[ :]E'S ?IS OMELET ( Y\RS8 

,9 ! ,5GLI% SPEAK+ C\NTRIES & 9 P>TICUL> ,IREL&1 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T IS MU* TOO SMALL TO REPLACE ! NUMB]S & 9FLU5CE ONCE HELD BY ! LEFT4 ,SO ! COLLAPSE ( AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIALISM IS WIDELY SE5 AS ! COLLAPSE ( SOCIALISM & A DEMON/RATION ?AT CAPITALISM1 :ATEV] ITS FLAWS IS ! BE/ ?AT CAN BE HOP$ =4 ,EV5 9 ! C\NTRIES :]E ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T IS SUB/ANTIAL 7& 9 MANY C\NTRIES IT IS ! MA9 =CE ON ! REVOLUTION>Y LEFT7 IT IS AS YET 9ADEQUATE = ITS BASIC TASK 7I4E4  REVOLUTION74 ,9 T]MS ( IDEAS1 ! AN>*I/S MAY HAVE ! BE/ ONES BUT AS YET !Y >E NOT CAPABLE ( W9N+ ! MASSES TO OV]?R[+ CAPITALISM & CREAT+ AN>*ISM4 

,9 ! ,5GLI% SPEAK+ C\NTRIES !RE IS NOT & HAS NOT BE5 A SIGNIFICANT AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ) ! POSSIBLE EXCEPTION ( ! P]IOD UP TO ,WORLD ,W> ,I 9 ! ,U,S,A4 ,AN>*I/S HAVE OP]AT$ AS A SMALL SECTION ( A L>G] LEFT4 ,BECAUSE ( ! SMALL SIZE ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ! COLLAPSE ( ?IS L>G] LEFT HAS HAD PR(\ND EFFECTS ON IT1 BO? DUE TO ! G5]AL CLIMATE ( DEMORALIZATION & ALSO BECAUSE IT IS NO LONG] POSSIBLE TO EXI/ PURELY AS AN OPPOSITION TO ,L59ISM & SOCIAL DEMOCRACY4 ,?IS IS A GOOD ?+ BECAUSE SOME AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS HAD COME TO LIMIT !MSELVES TO EXPLA9+ ',:Y ! LEFT IS WRONG' ON A :OLE NUMB] ( ISSUES RA!R ?AN TRY+ TO CON/RUCT AN ALT]NATIVE !MSELVES4 

,A NEW LEFT8 

,IT MI<T BE HOP$ ?AT ) ! TW9 COLLAPSE ( ,L59ISM & AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIALISM PEOPLE W\LD FLOCK TO ! BANN] ( AN>*ISM4  ,= ! MO/ P>T ?IS HAS NOT HAPP5$4 ,9/EAD OV] ! LA/ DECADE WE HAVE SE5 ! EM]G5CE ( A NUMB] ( 'NEW' LEFT ORGANIZATIONS :I* CLAIM TO REPRES5T A DECISIVE BREAK ) ! PA/4 ,SOMETIMES ?IS REPRES5TS LITTLE MORE ?AN A *ANGE ( NAMES4 ,9 O!R CASES !SE NEW ORGANIZATIONS >OSE AS SPLITS BY MEMB]S UNHAPPY ) ! DIRECTION ( EXI/+ ORGANIZATIONS1 !IR 9ITIAL POLITICS COM+ FROM EX-MEMB]S ( ?AT ORGANIZATION4 ,! ,COMMITTEES ( ,CORRESPOND5CE 9 ! ,U,S,A WAS =M$ BY MEMB]S ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ,U,S,A :O LO/ AN 9T]NAL >GUM5T OV] ! DIRECTION 7'RE=M+'7 ( ?AT P>TY4 

,MANY MEMB]S ( ! OLD LEFT ORGANIZATIONS RECOGNIZ$ ?AT !IR IDEAS W]E DISCR$IT$ & NO LONG] RELEVANT1 & VOT$ ) !IR FEET1 LEAV+ NOT ONLY LEFT ORGANIZATIONS BUT OPPOSITIONAL POLITICS 9 G5]AL4 ,BUT NOT ALL VANI%$1 SOME HAVE MADE EF=TS TO REMA9 ACTIVE4  ,SOME ( !SE HAVE REFUS$ TO LE>N ANY?+1 OR ADMIT ?AT MI/AKES W]E MADE1 9/EAD !Y C>RY ON ACTIVITY 9 A P>ODY ( YE/]YE>4  ,SOME ( ! ,COMMUNI/ P>TIES = 9/ANCE REACT$ BY RETURN+ TO WOR%IP+ ! P]IOD ( ,/AL9 OR ,BREZHNEV & BLAME ! 'RE=M]S' = ALL !IR CURR5T WOES4 ,! ,IRI% ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY RESPOND$ TO ! COLLAPSE ( ! ,U,S,S,R BY HIR+ A SKIP & ?R[+ MO/ ( ! ,GORBA*EV MAT]IAL FROM !IR ,DUBL9 BOOK%OP 9TO IT4 ,9 MO/ ,COMMUNI/ P>TIES H[EV] ! MAJORITY CAME TO ! CONCLUSION ?AT REVOLUTION ITSELF WAS NO LONG] POSSIBLE & 9/EAD BECAME SOCIAL DEMOCRATS OR AB&ON$ LEFT POLITICS = 'PROGRESSIVE' POLITICS :]E ! WORK+ CLASS IS SE5 AS JU/ ONE MORE PRESSURE GR\P 9 A RA9B[ COALITION4 

,SOME ORGANIZATIONS DID BECOME AW>E ( !IR [N DEA? & S5SIBLY DISSOLV$ !MSELVES RA!R ?AN CAUS+ DAMAGE AS !Y ?RA%$ >\ND 9 !IR DEA? AGONIES4 ,BUT !Y W]E WRONG TO IMAG9E ?AT JU/ BECAUSE !Y C\LD CONCEIVE NO FUTURE RELEVANCE = REVOLUTION>Y POLITICS ?AT REVOLUTION WAS NO LONG] RELEVANT4 ,9/EAD !Y W]E FAC$ ) A JUMP ?AT !Y W]E 9CAPABLE ( SEE+ ! O!R SIDE (4 ,9DE$ ! UPTURN 9 9DU/RIAL DISPUTES OV] ! LA/ YE> 9 ,EUROPE1 MO/ NOTABLY >\ND ,AIR ,FRANCE1 9DICATE ?AT ! CLASS CONFLICT GOES ON & MAY EV5 BE PICK+ UP SOME ( ITS LO/ MOM5TUM4 ,UNEMPLOYM5T & POV]TY HAVE AGA9 BECOME OBVI\S FEATURES ( CAPITALISM4 ,TO ?IS EXT5T ! CRISIS ON ! LEFT IS MIRROR$ BY A CRISIS 9 CAPITALISM1 ITS HOPE ( ! E>LY #h'S ( AN ET]NAL BOOM N[ DA%$ ON ! ROCKS ( RECESSION4 

,:AT W5T WRONG8 

,?AT ! LEFT HAS COLLAPS$ IS CONTE/$ BY ONLY ! MO/ IRRELEVANT SECTS4 ,BUT ! ATTEMPTS TO EXPLA9 :Y IT HAPP5$ >E POOR1 FOCUS+ ON ! SURFACE MANIFE/ATIONS2 ! ECONOMIC CRISIS ( ! ,U,S,S,R 9 ! #h'S1 OR CONSPIRACY !ORIES AB\T ! ,C,I,A4 ,! RI<T & MANY ON ! LEFT W5T = ! SIMPLE/ EXPLANATION ( ALL1 SOCIALISM CANNOT WORK & REVOLUTIONS HAVE TO 5D 9 DICTATOR%IP4 ,BUT ! FAILURE IS NOT ) ! IDEA ( SOCIALISM BUT RA!R ) :AT ?OSE :O CALL$ !MSELVES SOCIALI/S BECAME4 ,IT WAS NOT SOCIALISM ?AT FAIL$ BUT ! SOCIALI/S6  ,ABOVE ALL1 ?IS FAILURE >OSE FROM ! LEFT IDEOLOGIES ?AT LOOK$ TO GOOD LEAD]S TO LIB]ATE ! RE/ ( US4 ,TO !SE IDEOLOGIES ! ROLE ( 'ORD9>Y PEOPLE' DIFF]$1 FROM ! TICK]S ( BALLOT PAP]S TO ! /ORM]S ( B>RICADES4 ,! ROLE ( DECISION MAK]S H[EV] WAS D5I$1 IT WAS TO BE PLAC$ 9 TRU/ ) AN 9TELLECTUAL ELITE UNTIL ! F> (F DAY :5 ?IS P[] C\LD BE RETURN$4 

,! TRAGIC P>T AB\T ?IS IS ?AT ! W>N+S AB\T :]E ! /ATI/ PA? W\LD LEAD HAVE BE5 >\ND S9CE ! WORK+ CLASS FIR/ BECAME A =MIDABLE =CE AT ! TIME ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE 7#a#h#g#a74 ,! DEBATE BETWE5 ! AN>*I/S & ,M>XI/S ?AT SPLIT ! #a/ ,9T]NATIONAL WAS F\<T >\ND ?IS ISSUE4 ,BUT = V>I\S REASONS ?OSE ISSU+ ! W>N+1 ! AN>*I/S1 FAIL$ TO CONV9CE ! RE/ ( ! LEFT4 

,! TWO MAJOR TR5DS ( ! #b? ,C5TURY SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T1 ! ,L59I/S & ! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS1 W]E NOT AS RADICALLY DIFF]5T AS IT MAY HAVE SEEM$ BUT RA!R REPRES5T$ TWO SIDES ( ! SAME CO94  ,! ACTUAL /RUCTURE ( RULE 9 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION WAS NEV] REALLY A MAJOR PROBLEM = EI!R ( !SE GR\P+S1 !IR DISAGREEM5TS W]E OV] :E!R SU* A SOCIETY HAD TO BE E/ABLI%$ ?R\< REVOLUTION1 OR C\LD BE 'RE=M$' 9TO BE+4 ,BO? CURR5TS S\<T TO CREATE SOCIALISM ?R\< ! ACTIONS ( A FEW1 WIELD+ /ATE P[]1 ON BEHALF ( ! MANY4 ,LEFT SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS LIKE ,TONY ,B5N W5T FUR!R & W]E COMMONLY HAPPY 5\< TO DESCRIBE ! ,U,S,S,R AS ACTUALLY EXI/+ SOCIALISM4 ,9 ,IREL&1 ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ! ,WORK]S ,P>TY HELD A SIMIL> 7IF QUIET7 POSITION T[>DS ,NOR? ,KOREA &1 ALONG ) MEMB]S ( ,LABOR ,LEFT W5T !RE ON JUNKETS4 

,! >GUM5T BETWE5 ,L59ISM & SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY WAS NOT AB\T H[ A SOCIALI/ SOCIETY C\LD BE BUILT1 BO? AIM$ TO USE /ATE P[] TO DO ?IS4 ,RA!R IT WAS :E!R SUFFICI5T CONTROL ( ! /ATE C\LD BE GA9$ ?R\< ! P>LIAM5T>Y SY/EM4 ,MANY ,L59I/S MAY HAVE CLAIM$ TO WI% = MORE DEMOCRACY 9 ! ,U,S,S,R BUT !Y ALL /OOD OV] ! ,BOL%EVIK DE/RUCTION ( DEMOCRACY1 ONLY MOV+ TO OPPOSITION :5 !IR P>TICUL> H]O WAS \/$4 ,ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ! ,SOCIALI/ ,WORK]S ,P>TY ?AT CLAIM TO /& = 'SOCIALISM FROM BEL[' DEF5D ! ACTIONS ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9 IMPOS+ ONE MAN MANAGEM5T1 CRU%+ WORK]S C\NCILS & C5SOR+1 IMPRISON+ & EXECUT+ MEMB]S ( O!R LEFT T5D5CIES4 ,?IS HAS TO CALL 9TO QUE/ION ANY CLAIM$ COMMITM5T TO DEMOCRACY1 OR SOCIALISM FROM BEL[4 

,AID+ /RUGGLE8 

,EV5 9 ! %ORT T]M ! LEFT COMMONLY (F]$ NO WAY =W>D4 ,IT W\LD BE WRONG TO OV]/ATE ! CASE BUT A L>GE SECTION ( ! LEFT WAS NOT 9T]E/$ 9 HELP+ WORK]S W9 /RUGGLES EXCEPT 9 ! MO/ AB/RACT S5SE4 ,9/EAD 9VOLVEM5T 9 /RUGGLE HAD JU/ ONE ?+ BEH9D IT3 'BUILD ! P>TY'4 ,?IS COMMONLY TOOK ! =M ( SETT+ UP A P>TY CONTROLL$ 'FRONT' :I* W\LD CAMPAIGN >\ND AN ISSUE SOLELY 9 ORD] TO RECRUIT ?OSE :O W]E MOTIVAT$ TO FI<T ON ?IS ISSUE4  ,ONCE ! POT5TIAL RECRUITS DRI$ UP1 !N ! CAMPAIGN WAS QUIETLY W\ND UP4 ,A COMMON RESPONSE TO CONTACT+ SOMEONE AB\T A NEW CAMPAIGN WAS ! QUE/ION ( ':OSE FRONT IS IT'4 ,ANYONE :O HAS BE5 9VOLV$ ) LEFT ACTIVITY = ANY P]IOD ( TIME WILL HAVE BE5 ?R\< MEET+S & CAMPAIGNS DISRUPT$ & POSSIBLY DE/ROY$ BY DIFF]5T LEFT FACTIONS WRE/L+ = CONTROL4 

,! EFFECT ?IS HAD ON ACTIVI/S WAS SE5 BY ! WAY MEMB]%IP ( MANY LEFT ORGANIZATIONS OP]AT$ LIKE A REVOLV+ DOOR1 ) PEOPLE 9T]E/$ 9 SOCIALISM WALK+ 9 ONE SIDE1 ONLY TO BE ?R[N \T ! O!R1 DISILLUSION$ & BURNT \T4 ',EV]Y?+ = ! ORGANIZATION' WAS ! UN(FICIAL SLOGAN ( ! LEFT4 ,?IS DE/ROY$ MANY PEOPLES' BELIEF 9 SOCIALISM AS A S\RCE ( 9SPIRATION AS !Y GOT SUCK$ 9TO ! ME?ODS ( TREA*]Y & DECEIT ?AT ?IS 9VOLV$4 

,MANY ( TODAY'S ACTIVI/S HAVE EI!R COME ?R\< ?IS MILL1 OR HAVE HAD BAD EXP]I5CES ( ! LEFT US+ !M4 ,?IS HAS CREAT$ A LEGACY ( SUSPICION & EV5 HO/ILITY :I* =MS A REAL B>RI] 9 BUILD+ SOLID>ITY TODAY4 ,IT ALSO MEANS ?AT MANY ACTIVI/S HAVE NO 9T]E/ 9 BUILD+ REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATIONS BUT 9/EAD LIMIT !MSELVES TO BUILD+ CAMPAIGNS4 ,REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATIONS >E SE5 AS SELF-S]V+ $IFICES RA!R ?AN BODIES ) A POSITIVE & VITAL CONTRIBUTION TO MAKE TO /RUGGLE4 ,! ATTITUDE ?AT *>ACT]IZES !SE ACTIVI/S' VIEW ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATIONS IS SUSPICION4 

,SO 9 ?IS WAY ! LEFT HAS ACTUALLY PLAY$ A SUB/ANTIAL NEGATIVE ROLE4  ,IT HAS CON/RUCT$ A MON/R\S C>ICATURE ( SOCIALISM & ! ME?ODS ( SOCIALISM4 ,RA!R ?AN BR++ PEOPLE =W>D1 IT HAS SUCK$ ! SPIRIT \T ( !M4 ,NOT JU/ ?OSE P>TS ( ! LEFT :O CREAT$ & WOR%IP$ ! ,U,S,S,R BUT ALSO ?OSE :OSE ME?ODS HAVE ALI5AT$ T5S ( ?\S&S ( ACTIVI/S4 ,9 ?IS CONTEXT MANY ACTIVI/S SEE LEFT ORGANIZATIONS AS USELESS B>RI]S1 9T]E/$ ONLY 9 SELL+ PAP]S & SECT>IAN SQUABBLES4 

,! 'NEW LEFT' 

,?IS CRISIS ( ! LEFT HAS BECOME 9CREAS+LY APP>5T OV] ! LA/ DECADE & HAS RESULT$ 9 ! =MATION ( MANY NEW GR\PS1 9CLUD+ \RSELVES4 ,AS ! CRISIS BECAME P>TICUL>LY OBVI\S1 ! PROCESS ( DIS9TEGRATION SPE$$ UP & ! NEW ORGANIZATIONS IF ANY?+ BECAME MORE CONFUS$4 ,MO/ ( ! MORE REC5T ONES HAVE NO COMMON VISION ( ANY?+ POSITIVE 9 ! PA/ BUT >E UNIT$ SOLELY BY A FEEL+ ( '?AT'S NOT ! WAY TO DO IT' T[>DS ! EXI/+ LEFT4 ,BUT CONSCI\SLY OR UNCONSCI\SLY1 V>I\S /RATEGIES HAVE BE5 ADOPT$ BY SOME AS ! WAY =W>D4 ,IT IS !SE /RATEGIES ?AT MU/ BE EXAM9$ TO JUDGE ! POT5TIAL ( SU* NEW GR\PS4 

,GR\PS :OSE AIM IS A NEW FLAVOR ( ,L59ISM OR SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY CAN BE WRITT5 (F AT ! />T4 ,! RECORD ( !IR /RATEGIES = ! LA/ C5TURY SPEAKS = ITSELF4 ,FROM ! LIB]T>IAN PO9T ( VIEW ! FAULT IS 9 !IR CORE POLITICS1 ?AT :I* MAKES !M /ATI/4 ,H[EV] MANY HAVE BECOME AW>E ( !SE FLAWS & SO MANY ( ! GR\PS ?AT HAVE >IS5 9 ! LA/ DECADE W\LD CLAIM TO BE NEI!R4 ,IT IS !SE =CES :I* >E IMPORTANT 9 T]MS ( ! EM]G5CE ( A NEW LEFT4 

,C]TA9 LIMITATIONS HAVE TO BE RECOGNIZ$ FROM ! />T4 ,IT IS 9EVITABLE ?AT MANY ( ! NEW] LEFT ORGANIZATIONS HAVE A BL9K]$ VISION1 BR\<T AB\T BY !IR Y\? & SMALL SIZE4 ,!IR MEMORY EXT5DS BACK MAYBE A DECADE OR SO AT MO/4 ,!Y >E UNAW>E ( EV5TS \TSIDE !IR [N C\NTRY EXCEPT 9 ! BROADE/ T]MS1 & =CE EV5TS TO FIT 9TO AN ANALYSIS G5]AT$ FROM !IR IMM$IATE & N>R[ EXP]I5CE4 ,?IS IS A REAL IF UNAVOIDABLE PROBLEM1 BUT ONE ?AT IS GREATLY R$UC$ :5 IT IS RECOGNIZ$ & TAK5 9TO ACC\NT4 ,IT IS ALSO A REASON :Y IT IS VITAL TO CONV9CE MANY ( ! OLD] LAY] ( ACTIVI/S ?AT !RE IS /ILL A PO9T 9 REVOLUTION>Y POLITICS1 BUT ?AT A ?OR\< REEXAM9ATION ( BASIC POLITICS IS NECESS>Y4 

,IT IS NOT 9T5D$ TO DISCUSS ORGANIZATIONS CLAIM+ TO BE 9 ! AN>*I/ TRADITION 9 ?IS >TICLE4 ,:AT WILL BE DISCUSS$ IS ORGANIZATIONS :O BELIEVE ?AT ! :EEL NE$S TO BE RE-9V5T$ 7I4E4  ?AT !RE IS NO HI/ORICAL TRADITION WOR? BAS+ !MSELVES ON74 ,!SE SEE ! SOLUTION 9 JUNK+ ! LEFT TO DATE1 & RE-BUILD+ FROM SCRAT*4 ,?IS IS ! MO/ COMMON SET ( /RATEGIES TO HAVE EM]G$ 9 ! LA/ FEW YE>S4 ,:AT HAS UNIT$ !SE DIFF]5T /RATEGIES TO DATE IS ?AT AL?\< IT IS PO9T$ \T REPEAT$LY ?AT MI/AKES W]E MADE & ! OLD LEFT IS IRRELEVANT1 !RE IS LITTLE ANALYSIS AS TO ! CAUSE ( ?IS IRRELEVANCY4 ,! ASSUMPTION IS ?AT ) ! V]BAL BREAK FROM ! 'OLD POLITICS'1 ALL ! PROBLEMS IT CREAT$ FADE AWAY4 

,?IS ASSUMPTION IS FUNDAM5TALLY FLAW$ AS IT ASSUMES ?AT ! REASONS = ! FAILURE ( ! LEFT TO DATE >E UND]/OOD4 ,9 FACT = ! MO/ P>T1 9/EAD ( ANALYSIS1 ALL ?AT EXI/S IS A SET ( POPUL> PREJUDICES & SOME SURFACE UND]/&+ ( ! PROBLEM4 ,?IS APPROA* ALSO ASSUMES ?AT !RE IS LITTLE NE$ = NEW] MEMB]S TO RE-DISCOV] ! CAUSE ( ! PREVI\S PROBLEMS1 ?AT ?IS 9=MATION WILL SOMEH[ BE TRANSMITT$ D[N BY ! OLD] MEMB]S 7LEAD]%IP874 ,?IS 9 ITSELF IS A DIRECT EXAMPLE ( ! RE- APPE>ANCE ( ONE ( ! PROBLEMS ASSOCIAT$ ) ! FAILURE ( ! OLD LEFT4 ,! DIVISION 9TO LEAD]S & PAP] SELL]S4 

,ORGANIZATIONS ADOPT+ !SE /RATEGIES >E (T5 FAC$ ) AN ADDITIONAL PROBLEM4 ,!Y ATTRACT LONG TIME MEMB]S ( V>I\S O!R ORGANIZATIONS :O HAVE BR\<T A FAIR AM\NT ( POLITICAL BAGGAGE ) !M4 ,AL?\< !Y CAN SAY 'YES WE W]E WRONG' !Y CAN'T ADMIT ! POSSIBILITY ?AT SOME ( !IR =M] CRITICS W]E RI<T1 AT LEA/ 9 P>T4 ,ONE ,BRITI% GR\P1 ,ANALYSIS1 DECID$ ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION WAS NOT SO RELEVANT AFT] ALL4 ,TO !M ! TURN+ PO9T = ! FAILURE ( SOCIALISM WAS ! SUPPORT ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC P>TIES GAVE TO !IR V>I\S RUL+ CLASSES 9 VOT+ = ,WORLD ,W> ,I4 ,AS !Y PUT IT 0,HAD ! REVOLUTION NEV] OCCURR$1 HAD ,/AL9ISM NEV] EXI/$1 ,M>XISM W\LD /ILL FACE ! CRISIS IT DOES TODAY40 ,?IS WAS A H&Y WAY = A BUN* ( 'EX'-,L59I/S TO AVOID FAC+ :Y !Y HAD REMA9$ UNCRITICAL ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS = SO MANY YE>S4 

,?IS POLITICAL BAGGAGE ALSO SURFACES 9 ?AT AL?\< MANY CAN ADMIT ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION WAS 9 P>T DE/ROY$ BY ! POLITICS ( ,BOL%EVISM1 !Y CAN ONLY DO SO AFT] FIR/ MAK+ CLE> ?AT !IR CRITIQUE IS NOT RELAT$ TO ! 'MORALISM' ( ! AN>*I/S4 ,?IS IS ! HALLM>K ( AN ORGANIZATION ?AT NEV] SEES ITSELF AS ADDRESS+ 'ORD9>Y PEOPLE'4 ,:O 9 !IR RI<T M9D W\LD APPROA* SU* A DISCUSSION ) 0,I'VE NO?+ AGA9/ %OOT+ LEFTI/S TO A*IEVE REVOLUTION1 BUT IT DOES NOT WORK04  ,! AN>*I/S W]E FULL ( MORAL 9DIGNATION AT ! ,BOL%EVIK %OOT+ ( LEFTI/S & WORK]S & QUITE RI<T TOO6 ,BUT !Y ALSO >GU$ ?AT T]ROR WAS CRU%+ ! REVOLUTION BY DE/ROY+ POPUL> 9ITIATIVE & DEBATE4 ,TO READ ,VOL9E'S OR ,MAXIM(F'S1 7TWO ( ! EXIL$ ,RUSSIAN AN>*I/S7 ACC\NTS1 IS NOT TO 5C\NT] PAGE AFT] PAGE ( MORALISM BUT TO F9D CONCRETE EXAMPLE AFT] EXAMPLE ( ! CRIPPL+ ( A REVOLUTION BY A P>TY OBSESS$ ) ITS NE$ TO BE 9 CONTROL4 ,IT IS ALSO FUNDAM5TALLY DI%ONE/ & REFLECTS ! ATTITUDE ( ! GURU TO HIS FOLL[]S4 ,IT IS OBVI\SLY NOT EXPECT$ ?AT ANYONE WILL LOOK AT ! ORIG9AL 'MORALISM'4 

,IT IS ! /RATEGIES ?AT >E BAS$ >\ND ?IS ME?OD ?AT >E LOOK$ AT H]E4 ,/RATEGIES BAS$ ON ! PREMISE ?AT LITTLE IF ANY?+ CAN USEFULLY BE SALVAG$ FROM ! LEFT'S HI/ORY4 ,/RATEGIES BAS$ ABOVE ALL ON ! IDEA ?AT TO DATE NO?+ USEFUL HAS BE5 DONE1 EXCEPT P]HAPS 9 ! FIELD ( !ORY4 ,& IT IS 9 ?IS APPROA* TO !ORY & ITS P]CEIV$ RELATION%IP TO PRACTICE ?AT ! GREATE/ PROBLEMS >ISE4 

,%OPP+ TROLLEY 

,TO SEE NO?+ COH]5T 9 ! PA/ BUT /ILL WI% TO BE ACTIVE LEAVES AN ORGANIZATION ) AN IMM$IATE PROBLEM4 ,:AT DO Y\ BASE ?IS ACTIVITY ON8 ,ONE /RATEGY US$ 9 ?IS CASE1 :]E A WIDE BODY ( !ORY IS QUICKLY NE$$1 IS EQUIVAL5T TO FILL+ A %OPP+ TROLLEY AT A C> BOOT SALE4 ,:AT APPE>S TO BE ! MO/ USEFUL IDEAS FROM ! PA/ >E PICK$ UP1 REG>DLESS ( !IR RELATION%IP ) EA* O!R4 

,! ADOPTION ( SU* A /RATEGY IS (T5 *>ACT]IZ$ BY A T5D5CY = ! ORGANIZATION TO SEE ITSELF AS ! ONLY ONE CAPABLE ( UND]/&+ :AT'S GO+ ON4 ,IT'S NOT H>D TO SEE H[ ?IS M5TALITY DEVELOPS :5 ALL >\ND SEEM TO BE 9T5T ON C>RY+ ON REG>DLESS ON A S9K+ %IP4 ,AP>T FROM ?IS 9H]5T ELITISM1 ?IS /RATEGY C>RIES IT [N PROBLEMS4 

,*IEF AMONG !SE IS ?AT1 IF AN ORGANIZATION PLACES ITSELF 9 ! ROLE AS SAVIOR IT MU/ BE ABLE TO PROVIDE ANSW]S TO EV]Y?+4 ,! DEVELOPM5T ( COH]5T IDEAS TAKES TIME4 ,?IS TIME CAN BE R$UC$ CONSID]ABLY BY PICK+ :AT APPE> TO BE ! BE/ IDEAS >\ND4 ,:ILE ?IS APPROA* IS HI<LY FLAW$ IT CAN P]HAPS BE FEASIBLE IF SUFFICI5T TIME IS SP5T RE-DEVELOP+ !SE IDEAS TO FIT 9TO ! CORE ( ! ORGANIZATIONS EXI/+ POLITICS4 7,!RE IS ALSO ! WID] QUE/ION ( 'IS IT NECESS>Y'87 ,9 PRACTICE H[EV]1 TEMPTATION W9S & ONE GETS TREAT$ TO A FRANTIC SUP]-M>KET SPREE AS ! GR\P HURTLES >\ND QUICKLY GRABB+ :ATEV] HAS ! BE/ PACKAG+ (F ! %ELVES4  ,UN=TUNATELY AT SOME LAT] /AGE IT'S DISCOV]$ ALL ! BITS DON'T QUITE GO TOGE!R4 ,BUT BY !N EV]YBODY'S GOT !IR PET PIECE & NO ONE HAS MU* 9 COMMON4 

,! ,IVORY ,T[] 

,ANO!R /RATEGY ?AT IS EM]G+ IS = ORGANIZATIONS TO %UN ACTIVITY 9 FAVOR ( A RETREAT TO ACADEMIA1 TO REEXAM9E ! TEXT BOOKS 9 ORD] TO EM]GE SOME TIME 9 ! FUTURE ) A %9Y NEW !ORY4 ,?IS IS (T5 ! NEXT /OP = 9DIVIDUALS :O HAVE BE5 9 A GR\P :]E ! %OPP+ TROLLEY FELL AP>T4 ,ACTIVITY OR CONTACT ) ! \TSIDE WORLD IS DIAGNOS$ AS ! PROBLEM1 :AT'S NE$$ IS TEMPOR>Y ISOLATION1 ) Y\R MESSAGE JU/ BE+ AIM$ AT O!RS ON ! LEFT :O HAVE REALIZ$ SOME?+ IS WRONG4 

,!IR DELIB]ATE USE ( >*AIC LANGUAGE %[S US ?AT :AT WE HAVE IS POLITICS DESIGN$ TO IMPRESS ! EXI/+ 9TELLECTUAL LEFT4 ,!RE IS NO EXCUSE = PUTT+ ACROSS SIMPLE IDEAS 9 COMPLEX T]MS UNLESS Y\ 9T5D Y\R MAT]IAL TO BE US$ AS A SLEEP+ AID4 ,!SE MAY SEEM LIKE IRRELEVANT /YLI/IC MATT]S BUT ACTUALLY !Y REFLECT AN IMPORTANT PO9T4 

,?IS IS ?AT ! NEW LEFT IS REPEAT+ MANY ( ! MI/AKES ( ! OLD1 9 A RE-PACKAG$ =M4 ,! IDEA ?AT ! ANSW]S >E TO BE F\ND 9 TEXT BOOKS1 ?AT SOME:]E1 !RE IS A MAGIC !ORY OR !ORIES :I* WILL %[ ! WAY =W>D IS JU/ A RE-WORK+ ( ! OLD ,TROTSKYI/ IDEA ( A 'CRISIS ( LEAD]%IP'4 ,IDEAS >E IMPORTANT & ! RI<T IDEAS >E VITAL BUT IT IS PEOPLE :O >E ! LIFE BLOOD ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS4 ,F> MORE PEOPLE >E AW>E ?AT ! CURR5T SY/EM IS (F]+ AN 9ADEQUATE FUTURE = !MSELVES & !IR *ILDR5 ?AN >E 9VOLV$ 9 REVOLUTION>Y POLITICS4 ,MO/ PEOPLE COME 9TO CONFLICT ) ! SY/EM AT ONE /AGE OR ANO!R4 ,:AT IS LACK+ IS ! BELIEF ?AT !RE CAN BE AN ALT]NATIVE1 ?AT *ANGE IS POSSIBLE4 

,:AT'S NE$$ >E >GUM5TS ON :Y REVOLUTIONS HAVE FAIL$ 9 ! PA/ & H[ !Y CAN SUCCE$ 9 ! FUTURE4 ,BUT :AT IS ALSO NE$$ IS ! DEVELOPM5T ( A TRADITION ( SUCCESS4 ,PEOPLE MU/ BELIEVE ?AT !Y CAN W9 9 ORD] = !M TO />T TO FI<T BACK4 ,?IS BELIEF CAN BE CREAT$ BY W9N+ SMALL VICTORIES4 ,:AT'S MORE IT IS ONLY BY REAL EXP]I5CE 9 /RUGGLE1 ?AT IDEAS CAN BE TE/$1 IT IS ONLY BY 5C\NT]+ REAL LIFE ?AT ! ABILITY TO CONV9CE PEOPLE CAN BE HON$4 ,?OSE :O W\LD RETREAT TO ! LIBR>IES >E LIKE >M*AIR T\RI/S :O IMAG9E WAT*+ ,HOLIDAY '#i#e IS ! SAME ?+ AS WALK+ D[N ?OSE F> AWAY /REETS4 

,ALL ACTION1 NO TALK8 

,!RE IS ANO!R SIDE TO ?IS 'EMPHASIS ON !ORY' CO94 ,ANO!R /RATEGY :I* HAS BE5 ADOPT$ BY SOME ORGANIZATIONS IS ONE 9 :I* !ORY IS EI!R DISC>D$ BEYOND RUDIM5T>Y AIMS & PR9CIPLES1 OR LEFT TO A SMALL ELITE4 ,NO NE$ IS P]CEIV$ = POLITICS DEVELOP$ BEYOND A 'WE HATE CAPITALISM'4 ,NOR IS A NE$ SE5 = POLITICS TO BE DEVELOP$ )9 ! :OLE ORGANIZATION AS OPPOS$ TO A SMALL ELITE1 /E]+ ! %IP4 ,9 MANY CASES ?IS LA/ /RATEGY IS NOT ADOPT$ 9 A CONSCI\S FA%ION BUT RA!R IS ! 5D RESULT ( AN ANTI-ORGANIZATION ATTITUDE4 ,IT /EMS FROM AN ALI5ATION FROM & REJECTION ( ! TRADITIONAL ME?ODS ( ! LEFT SO ?AT !SE ME?ODS !MSELVES RA!R ?AN JU/ !IR IMPLEM5TATION >E REJECT$4 ,IT CAN P]HAPS BE *>ACT]IZ$ AS 'ALL ACTION & NO TALK'6 

,SU* A /RATEGY FREQU5TLY RESULTS 9 ! ORGANIZATION'S ACTIVITIES BE+ LIMIT$ TO *E]LEAD+ = O!RS1 UNWILL+ & UNABLE TO 9FLU5CE ! ACTUAL C\RSE ( EV5TS4 ,BL9D ACTIVISM IS SUB/ITUT$ = !ORETICAL DISCUSSION4 ,MO/ ( SU* ORGANIZATIONS >E %ORT LIV$1 QUICKLY BECOM+ DEMORALIZ$ AFT] F9D+ !MSELVES BE+ US$ AS FOOT SOLDI]S BY SOME MORE ORGANIZ$ SECTION ( ! LEFT4 ,EV5 = ?OSE :O SURVIVE = SOME CONSID]ABLE P]IOD ?IS IS (T5 AS A RESULT ( H]METICALLY SEAL+ !MSELVES (F FROM ! RE/ ( ! LEFT4 ,?IS IS A*IEV$ BY DISMISS+ O!R GR\PS ?R\< CRUDE LABELS :OSE POLITICAL CONT5T IS Z]O OR CLOSE TO Z]O 7SU* AS '/UD5TS'1 'TR5DIES'1 'SAD'1 'MIDDLE CLASS'1 'BOR+'1 ! READ] WILL PROBABLY BE FAMILI> ) O!R EXAMPLES74 

,?IS LABEL+ IS SIMIL> TO ! TE*NIQUE US$ BY MANY ,L59I/S & SO DEMON/RATES ! UNCONSCI\S VANGU>DISM SOME ( !SE ORGANIZATIONS HAVE ASSUM$4 ,!IR PUBLICATIONS COV] !IR ACTIVITIES ALONG ) ?OSE :OM !Y *E] ON ALONE1 !Y ALSO PRES5T !MSELVES AS ! 'ONLY REVOLUTION>IES'4 ,!Y REJECT ATTEMPTS TO 9VOLVE WID] =CES IF !Y >E NOT GO+ TO DOM9ATE ! RESULT+ ALLIANCE4 ,?IS VANGU>DISM1 ALONG ) ! SECT>IAN *>ACT]IZATION ( O!RS1 9 CONDITIONS ( FE>$ DEFEAT OR FRU/RATION1 HAS EV51 ) A NUMB] ( ORGANIZATIONS1 RESULT$ 9 POORLY EXCUS$ PHYSICAL ATTACKS ON O!R LEFTI/S6 

,! LA/ TWO /RATEGIES DISCUSS$1 ! ',IVORY ,T[]' & ! 'ALL ACTION1 NO TALK' >E 9 FACT TW9S4 ,!Y %>E 9 COMMON ! IDEA ?AT !ORY & PRACTICE CAN BE SEP>AT$1 & P]HAPS NE$ BE> NO RELATION%IP TO ONE ANO!R AT ALL4 ,TO BELIEVE ?AT ONE CAN BE DEVELOP$ )\T ! O!R IS A FALLACY4 ,SO ALSO IS ! IDEA ?AT ONE IS ! WORK ( 9TELLECTUALS1 ! O!R ! WORK ( ACTIVI/S4 ,! TWO GO H& 9 H&4 ,IT MAY BE POSSIBLE TO COME UP ) F9E IDEAS 9 Y\R BACK ROOM OR C>RY \T ACTIONS ON ! /REETS BUT IT IS ONLY :]E !SE TWO COMB9E ?AT ! POT5TIAL = REVOLUTION GA9S SPACE TO EM]GE4 ,9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( IDEAS & ! ACTIVITY ( /RUGGLE IT IS NOT JU/ ! RESULTS ?AT MATT]4 ,AS IMPORTANT IS ! PROCESS1 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! ABILITY & CONFID5CE TO MAKE DECISIONS & C>RY !M ?R\<4 ,?IS ABILITY MU/ BE DEVELOP$ NOT JU/ 9 ! ORGANIZATION BUT 9 EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL1 IF ! DIVISION 9TO LEAD] & L$ IS TO BE AVOID$4 

,?IS IS AN E*O ( ! AN>*I/ 9SI/5CE ?AT ! 5D 7! REVOLUTION7 CANNOT BE SEP>AT$ FROM ! MEANS 7REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION7 US$ TO OBTA9 IT4 ,! SURE/ SAFEGU>D AGA9/ FUTURE HIJACK+ ( REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS BY AU?ORIT>IANISM IS NOT TO HAVE A GOLD5 RULE BOOK OR A SUB GR\P TO KEEP ! MOVEM5T PURE BUT A TRADITION ( SELF-ACTIVITY4 ,?IS IS A H9T AT ! DIRECTION ?AT NE$S TO BE TAK54 

,WE >E COM+ ?R\< A TIME ( CATACLYSMIC *ANGE = ! LEFT4 ,! OLD ME?ODS ( ORGANIZATION HAVE FAIL$1 ! NEW ONES ?AT >E EVOLV+ >E FLAW$ & SOMETIMES NOT EV5 ALL ?AT NEW4 ,SOME ( ! PROBLEMS FAC$ HAVE BE5 ID5TIFI$ 9 ?IS >TICLE1 ! MORE DIFFICULT QUE/ION IS H[ TO GO AB\T CON/RUCT+ A NEW LEFT8 ,P>T ( ! ANSW] TO ?IS QUE/ION IS ! REALIZATION ?AT ! PROBLEMS DISCUSS$ ABOVE HAVE A COMMON SOLUTION4 ,IS IT NECESS>Y TO RE-9V5T ! :EEL8 ,OR IS !RE ALREADY A LEFT TRADITION :OSE ANALYSIS IS A />T+ PO9T EXPLA9+ ! FAILURE ( ! LEFT 9 ! PA/4 ,SU* A TRADITION DOES 9DE$ EXI/ & :AT'S MORE IT ALSO PROVIDES FROM ITS HI/ORY A POSITIVE MODEL ( SOCIALI/ ORGANIZATION4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#c1 #bba 3 ,! ,LEFT3 ,A%ES TO ,PHO5IX -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,! ,LEFT3 ,A%ES TO ,PHO5IX -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/