,! ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK]S' ,9T]NATIONAL ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,H]MAN ,GORT] ,TEXT 3 ,S\RCE3 ,PUBLI%$ 9 ,G]MAN 9 #a#i#b#c4 ,5GLI% TRANSLATION FROM ! PAMPHLET ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK]S' ,9T]NATIONAL1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,LONDON 9 #a#i#g#g4 ,TRANSCRIPTION_/,M>KUP3 ,MICAH ,MU]1 #b#a#g4 ,NOTE3 ,SECTIONS #a1 #b1 #c1 & #h W]E TRANSLAT$ TO ,5GLI% & PUBLI%$ 9 #aibd 9 ! PAP] ,! ,WORK]S' ,DREADN\E ( A POOR QUALITY4 ,\R OBJECTIVE 9 F\ND+ ! ,K,A,I1 ! PROGRAM ( :I* CONTA9S ! CONDITIONS = ! VICTORY ( ! PROLET>IAT1 IS TO PUT QUITE CLE>LY ! REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE ( ! PROLET>IAT :I*1 DUR+ ! ,RUSSIAN & ,G]MAN REVOLUTIONS1 APPE>$ UND] A TOTALLY NEW LIIAT ITSELF4 ,IT IS FROM ?IS COMP>ISON ?AT ! TRU? ( ! PROGRAM WILL EM]GE &1 ?US1 EQUALLY ! NE$ = ! ,K,A,I4 #a4 ,! ,5EMIES ( ! ,WORLD ,REVOLUTION3 ,RUSSIA ,! REAL C\NTRIES = ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION >E ,5GL&1 ,G]MANY & P>T ( ! EA/]N ,U,S,A4 ,!SE C\NTRIES >E TRULY PROLET>IAN4 ,BUT1 AS BE=E ) ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 HI/ORY HAS AGA9 GIV5 RISE TO A REVOLUTION ELSE:]E3 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,&1 AS BE=E 9 ,FRANCE1 ! REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA HAS DEMON/RAT$ :AT IT CANNOT BE 9 PROLET>IAN C\NTRIES4 ,A SMALL NUMB] ( *>ACT]I/ICS1 BUT ALL ( ! GREATE/ IMPORTANCE1 HAVE BE5 AN EXAMPLE 7JU/ AS ! ,COMMUNE WAS7 = ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION 9 ,5GL&1 ,G]MANY1 & ! ,U,S,A 7& 9 O!R C\NTRIES ?AT MAKE ! REVOLUTION AFT] !M71 BUT MO/ ( ! *>ACT]I/ICS >E ( A B\RGEOIS-DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION1 I4E4 SOLELY CAPITALI/4 ,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION HAS BECOME A NEW & P[]FUL S\RCE ( LIIAT DUE TO ITS D\BLE *>ACT]3 A P>TLY PROLET>IAN1 P>TLY DEMOCRATIC-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION4 ,=1 9S(> AS ! REVOLUTION WAS PROLET>IAN1 IT %[$ ! WORLD PROLET>IAT ! ROAD TO VICTORY4 ,9S(> AS IT WAS DEMOCRATIC-CAPITALI/1 IT CONFRONT$ IT ) NEW & 5ORM\S ADV]S>IES4 ,= MU* ( ! WORLD IS 9 ! SAME ,/ATE AS ,RUSSIA4 ,9 ?IS >EA1 ?AT IS1 NE>LY ALL ,ASIA1 ,S\? ,AM]ICA1 P>TS ( ,C5TRAL & ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 & ,AFRICA1 !RE LIVES A PROLET>IAT >IS+ 9 A PEASANT MILIEU4 ,REVOLUTION ?REAT5S 9 SEV]AL PLACES4 ,WORK]S & PEASANTS W\LD TAKE P>T 9 ?IS REVOLUTION4 ,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 LOCAT$ GEOGRAPHICALLY EQUIDI/ANT BETWE5 ,EA/ ,AM]ICA1 ,WE/ ,EUROPE1 & ,C5TRAL ,EUROPE1 ON ! ONE H&1 & ,ASIA ON ! O!R1 ?R[S ITS LIIAT H[ TO MAKE ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION3 FEEBLY1 BUT ) ! GREATE/ IMPORTANCE4 ,TO ! ,EA/ IT %[S ! RIS+ PEASANTRY :O >E LIB]AT+ !MSELVES & WANT TO A*IEVE CAPITALISM1 H[ !Y >E TO DO ?IS ) ! AID & ILLUSIONS ( ! WORK]S1 H[ !Y CAN UND]TAKE !IR B\RGEOIS OR PEASANT-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION ) ! AID ( ! PROLET>IAT 7#a74 ,= CLE> ACTION & ! CONDITIONS ( VICTORY = ! ,K,A,I1 WE MU/ ALWAYS /& AP>T FROM ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION BECAUSE ( ?IS D\BLE LIIFICATION ( ! D\BLE *>ACT] ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 & N[ 9 DETAIL4 ,WE HAVE ALREADY DONE ?IS1 BUT ONLY 9 G5]AL4 ,WE HAD LAT] D$UC$ ! /R5G? ( \R NEW ADV]S>IES 9 ,RUSSIA1 ,ASIA ETC4 444 ) DECAD5T ,EUROPEAN CAPITALISM ?AT /RUGGLES = LIFE1 9 ORD] TO %[ ?US ! TRU? ( ! ,K,A,I PR9CIPLES4 ,:5 A WORK] ?9KS ( ,RUSSIA & ITS REVOLUTION1 HE MU/ ALWAYS BE> 9 M9D ?IS S+LE /ATI/IC3 ! ,RUSSIAN POPULATION IS #h.0 9DU/RIAL PROLET>IAN & #h.0 PEASANT4 ,! PROLET>IANS WANT COMMUNISM1 ! PEASANTS WANT L& DIVISION & PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,! PROLET>IAT WANTS A COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION1 ! PEASANTS A B\RGEOIS ONE4 ,:5 ! PEASANTS >E #h.0 ( ! POPULATION & ! PROLET>IAT ONLY #h.01 ! REVOLUTION WILL BE MA9LY B\RGEOIS4 ,! PROLET>IAT WAS BY F> ! MO/ RADICAL & RESOLUTE CLASS &1 AMONG ! PROLET>IAT1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS W]E ! MO/ CONSCI\S ORGANIZATION & ! MO/ RESOLUTE3 !Y L$ ! REVOLUTION & TO VICTORY4 ,! PEASANTS ONLY SUBMITT$ TO ! LEAD]%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT ON ! CONDITION ?AT !Y W\LD BECOME PRIVATE [N]S1 I4E4 ?AT ! REVOLUTION W\LD BE MA9LY B\RGEOIS4 ,ON !IR SIDE1 ! PROLET>IAT C\LD NOT1 EV5 IF IT HAD WI%$1 LEAD A P>TIALLY COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION & OPPOSE ?IS CONDITION =1 )\T ! PEASANTS' SUPPORT1 !Y C\LD NOT MAKE A REVOLUTION AT ALL4 ,WE >E ! BITT]E/ OPPON5TS1 AS ! ,K,A,PS ( ALL C\NTRIES HAVE ALWAYS BE51 ( ! CONCEPTION ( ! ,M5%EVIKS1 ,KAUTSKYITES1 ,9DEP5D5TS1 PACIFI/S ETC41 ?AT ! ,RUSSIANS %\LD HAVE /OPP$ AT ! B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION4 ,?IS CONCEPTION IS NOT M]ELY *ICK5-HE>T$ IDIOCY1 = IT W\LD HAVE MEANT ! VICTORY ( ! REACTION & ! RETURN ( MON>*Y1 BUT ! MA9 FACT IS ?AT IT W\LD OPPOSE ITSELF TO ! PROLET>IAT :I* SAW ! PA? LEAD+ TO WORLD REVOLUTION & VICTORY WAS NECESS>ILY & CORRECTLY BY ?IS PA?4 ,! ,G]MAN & WORLD REVOLUTION W]E & >E POSSIBLE ONLY ON ?IS CONDITION4 ,?IS IS :Y ! ,BOL%EVIKS' ]RORS >E NOT TO BE F\ND 9 ! DEMOCRATIC-B\RGEOIS ME?ODS ?AT !Y W]E =C$ TO TAKE BECAUSE ( ! PRESSURE ( ! PEASANTRY4 ,IT IS TO BE F\ND 9 ! PROGRAM & 9 ! ACTION ?AT !Y DICTAT$ TO ! PROLET>IAT ( ,EUROPE & ,AM]ICA1 & BY :I* !Y TRI$ TO COV] UP ! PA? TO WORLD REVOLUTION & TO MAKE ! RECON/RUCTION ( WORLD CAPITALISM POSSIBLE4 ,BY ?AT !Y HAVE %[N & DEMON/RAT$ ?AT !IR GOAL IS NOT ,RUSSIAN COMMUNISM1 BUT ! CON/RUCTION ( A B\RGEOIS-DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC4 ,BY ?AT !Y HAVE %[N & DEMON/RAT$ ?AT !Y HAVE FOLL[$ ! PEASANTRY & ?AT !Y HAVE PLAC$ ! PEASANT-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION ABOVE ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION4 ,BY ?AT !Y HAVE %[N & DEMON/RAT$ ?AT !Y NO LONG] BELONG TO ! PROLET>IAT1 BUT B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ ,RUSSIAN DEMOCRACY4 ,AS SOON AS ! WORK]S UND]/& !SE TRU?S :I* HAVE BE5 HIDD5 FROM !M1 WE %ALL !N %[ 9 DETAIL :I* ( !SE MEASURES TAK5 BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS HAD A PROLET>IAN *>ACT] & ?OSE ( A B\RGEOIS-DEMOCRATIC *>ACT]4 ,IT IS WELL 5\< KN[N ?AT ONE MU/ BROADLY DI/+UI% TWO P]IODS AMONG ! MEASURES TAK5 BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS3 ?OSE FROM ,OCTOB] #aiag TO ,FEBRU>Y #aiba 7UPRIS+ 9 ,KRON/ADT & ,PETROGRAD7 & ?OSE ( ! SO-CALL$ NEW C\RSE AFT] ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#b#a4 ,WE %ALL SEE ?AT ! MEASURES TAK5 9 BO? P]IODS W]E L>GELY B\RGEOIS4 ,LET WE LOOK AT ! MEASURES ( ! FIR/ P]IOD4 ,! MA9 *>ACT]I/ICS ( ! ECONOMIC POLICY W]E NATIONALIZATION ( 9DU/RY1 COMM]CE1 & TRANSPORT1 /ATE MONOPOLY 9 FOOD PRODUCTS & MO/ IMPORTANT RAW MAT]IALS1 =C$-LABOR1 /ATE REGULATION ( CO-OP]ATIVES1 FREE SUPPLIES = WORK]S1 EMPLOYES1 & CITIZ5S 9 FOOD & ESS5TIALS1 ! PR9CIPLE ( FREE PROVISION+ BY ! /ATE4 ,ALL !SE MEASURES W]E PURELY PROLET>IAN-COMMUNI/4 ,! F\NDATION ( WORK]S' SOVIETS WAS ALSO PROLET>IAN-COMMUNI/4 ,BUT ! CREATION ( PEASANT SOVIETS WAS B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ = IT WAS C]TA9 ?AT ! PEASANTS W\LD /RUGGLE = PRIVATE [N]%IP & AGA9/ COMMUNISM4 ,A TRULY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION AS 9 ,G]MANY OR ,5GL& W\LD NEV] GIVE ! PEASANTS POLITICAL RIGE E/ATES & L& 9 G5]AL WAS B\RGEOIS4 ,& 9 FACT ! DIVISION TRANS=M$ PEASANTS1 I4E4 NE>LY ALL ! POPULATION ( ,RUSSIA1 9TO 5EMIES ( COMMUNISM4 ,& NOT ONLY ! RI* & MIDDLE PEASANTS1 BUT ALSO ! SMALL1 T9Y1 EV5 L&LESS1 PEASANTS4 ,! :OLE ( ! PEASANTRY BECAME ! 5EMY ( SOCIALI/ COLLECTIVIZATION ( AGRICULTURE BY TAK+ POSSESSION ( ! L&4 ,A REALLY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION W\LD NEV] ALL[ SU* A L& DIVISION4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT W\LD BR+ ALL L>GE E/ATES 9TO ! COMMUNI/ ECONOMY4 ,! SEIZURE ( L& W\LD MAKE ! GULF BETWE5 ! 9DU/RIAL URBAN PROLET>IAT & ! RE/ ( ! POPULATION UNBRIDGEABLE4 ,?IS IS %[N BY ! PEASANT BOYCOTT ( ! T[NS & ITS REFUSAL TO SUPPLY FOOD TO ! PROLET>IAT4 ,?IS DIVISION C\LD ONLY BE OV]COME1 FROM ! BEG9N+1 BY ! MIDDLE CAPITALI/S1 I4E4 ) CONCESSIONS TO ! PEASANTRY :O HAD CAPITALI/ S5TIM5TS4 ,! ,BOL%EVIKS W]E CONDEMN$ TO CAPITALISM FROM ! />T BECAUSE ( ! L& DIVISION1 UNLESS WORLD REVOLUTION CAME TO !IR AID4 ,! EVOLUTION EXEMPLIFI$ BY ,KRON/ADT %[$ ?IS4 ,! DOCTR9E ( NATIONAL SELF-DET]M9ATION ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS PROCLAIM$ & SO DETA*$ ,F9L&1 ! ,BALTIC /ATES1 ,POL&1 ! ,UKRA9E1 & ! ,CAUCUSES FROM ,RUSSIA1 ?US CAUS+ ! COLLAPSE ( ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION 9 MO/ ( !SE C\NTRIES1 WAS B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/4 ,BECAUSE1 JU/ AS !Y US$ ?IS DOCTR9E AS !Y FELT WEAK 9 ?AT1 IF !Y DID NOT FREE !SE /ATES1 ,CZ>ISM C\LD NOT BE DE/ROY$1 !RE=E1 & WE ?9K ?AT ?IS IS MORE PROBABLE1 !Y ALREADY WANT$ A NATIONAL ,RUSSIAN /ATE4 ,!SE TWO1 ! D\BT+ ( ! P[] ( COMMUNISM & NATIONALISM1 W]E TOTALLY 9SPIR$ BY ! PEASANTRY4 ,! 5ROLLM5T ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 ! >MY WAS A PROLET>IAN-COMMUNI/ MEASURE4 ,BUT ! ADMISSION ( PEASANTS WAS B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/1 = !SE PEASANTS WILL %[ 7& DID %[7 ?AT !Y W]E ! 5EMIES ( COMMUNISM1 NOT ONLY ECONOMICALLY1 BUT ALSO FROM A MILIT>Y /&-PO9T4 ,UND\BT$LY ! PEASANTRY WILL FIIANS 9 ! >MY BECAUSE ( ! BETT] FOOD1 QU>T]S ETC44 ,BUT W\LD !Y /ILL FIGE L&[N]S WAS NO LONG] TO BE FE>$8 ,NO1 ! PEASANTS W\LD MO/ C]TA9LY NOT DO ?AT4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT1 ! ,POLI% CAMPAIGN ( #aib BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS POS$ A V]Y 9T]E/+ QUE/ION4 ,:Y DID ! ,RUSSIAN >MY SUDD5LY BEG9 TO RETREAT8 ,:5 ! ,K,A,P,D REPRES5TATIVE1 ! AU?OR ( !SE L9ES1 POS$ ! QUE/ION AT ! ,E,C,C,I ,PL5UM 9 ,MOSC[ 9 ,NOVEMB] #a#i#b1 ,TROTSKY & ,K>SKI GAVE NO CLE> REPLY4 ,CONFUSION RESULT$4 ,ONE SAID ?AT IT WAS DUE TO ! FAILURE ( ! CIVIL S]VICE1 ! O!R SAID ?AT IT WAS DUE TO ! MILIT>Y COMM&4 ,WE N[ ?9K ?AT !Y DID NOT WANT TO GIVE AN HONE/ ANSW] & ?AT ! REAL ANSW] WAS ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS DID NOT WI% TO GO FUR!R 9 ! ATTACK ON ,EUROPEAN CAPITALISM4 ,IT IS ?AT ! MASS ( ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTRY NO LONG] WANTS W> AGA9/ ,EUROPEAN CAPITALISM AS SOON AS !IR PROP]TY IS SECUR$ AGA9/ =EIGN 9T]V5TION4 ,& ! PEASANTS >E ! MAJORITY ( ! ,RUSSIAN >MY4 ,ONE CANNOT RELY ON !IR AID = A REVOLUTION 9 ,EUROPE4 ,NEV] C\LD A REALLY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION 5ROLL ! PEASANTS 9 ! >MY = >MIES MU/ BE ABSOLUTELY COMMUNI/4 ,! ,BRE/-,LITOVSK PEACE WAS B\RGEOIS1 I4E4 CAPITALI/-DEMOCRATIC4 ,A REALLY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION W\LD REMA9 HO/ILE TO ALL CAPITALI/ =CES & W\LD AWAIT & SUPPORT ! RISE ( ! PROLET>IAN =CES4 ,5FRAN*IS+ WORK]S WAS PROLET>IAN-COMMUNI/4 ,5FRAN*IS+ PEASANTS & O!R ACTIVE CAPITALI/S WAS B\RGEOIS4 ,A PROLET>IAN-COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION 9 ,G]MANY & ,5GL& W\LD NOT 5FRAN*ISE !SE ELEM5TS BE=E !Y HAD %[N ?AT !Y W]E COMMUNI/4 ,! REPRESSION ( ! 9DEP5D5CE & AUTONOMY ( ACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT WAS EQUALLY B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/4 ,! WORK]S & !IR ORGANIZATIONS DID NOT GA9 ! DIRECTION AT CONTROL ( 9DU/RY1 TRANSPORT1 & COMM]CE4 ,! LEAD]S' BUREAUCRATISM & DESPOTISM WAS ALSO B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/4 ,CORRUPTION WAS ALSO B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/4 ,BUT 9 CONJUNCTION ) !SE ?REE LA/ PO9TS1 :AT ABOVE ALL WAS B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ & TO ! GREATE/ EXT5T & FROM ! />T WAS ! P>TY DICTATOR%IP ( ! ,BOL%EVIKS BY :I* !Y HOP$ TO LEAD ! REVOLUTION TO VICTORY & TO F\ND COMMUNISM4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS P>TY DICTATOR%IP1 OR1 BECAUSE IT NECESS>ILY TURNS 9TO ?IS1 9 ! DICTATOR%IP ( LEAD]S1 ?AT ! SUB/ANCE ( ! B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION IS TO BE F\ND1 :I* IS ! BE/ PRO( ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION WAS L>GELY B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ & NOT COMMUNI/4 ,ALL ?IS DESPITE ITS ORIG9S4 ,! P>TY DICTATOR%IP WAS B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ 9 ORIG9 BECAUSE IT RESULT$ FROM ! P[] ( ! PEASANTRY1 ! NON-PROLET>IAN CLASS4 ,A P>TY DICTATOR%IP C\LD TAKE ON & LEAD ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANT CLASS4 ,A PROLET>IAN CLASS DICTATOR%IP C\LD NOT4 ,= A PROLET>IAN CLASS DICTATOR%IP WILL ALWAYS T5D T[>DS PURE COMMUNISM4 ,IF IT HAS GOV]NM5TAL P[]1 ! PROLET>IAT WILL NOT SATISFY ITSELF ) LESS4 ,BUT ! EXCESSIVE /R5G? & NUMB] ( ! PEASANTRY HELD UP ! REALIZATION ( PURE COMMUNISM4 ,?US ! PROLET>IAT AS A CLASS C\LD NOT EX]CISE ! DICTATOR%IP4 ,ONLY A P>TY C\LD DO SO6 ,! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY6 ,EXACTLY BECAUSE IT DID NOT 9TRODUCE PURE COMMUNISM1 BUT CONC$$ TO ! PEASANTRY1 PRIVATE PROP]TY1 & CAPITAL4 ,?AT ! PROLET>IAN CLASS C\LD NEV] DO4 ,ITS DOCTR9E IS & ALWAYS WILL BE1 0WE >E NO?+1 LET US BE EV]Y?+04 ,! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY A*IEV$ DICTATOR%IP BY ! /R5G? & SUPPORT ( ! PEASANTRY1 & ?IS P>TY DICTATOR%IP WAS NECESS>ILY P>TLY1 9 ! L>G] P>T1 CAPITALI/1 BECAUSE ( ! PEASANTS' P[]4 ,IT DOM9AT$ ! PROLET>IAT & WAS NOT ITS REPRES5TATIVE BUT ITS DESPOT4 ,C]TA9LY ! ONLY POSSIBLE ONE &1 GIV5 ! CONDITIONS1 P]HAPS ! BE/1 BUT NONE!LESS ITS DESPOT4 ,IT DICTAT$ CONCESSIONS TO ! PROLET>IAT ?AT IT HAD MADE & ! ADVANTAGES GRANT$ TO ! PEASANTRY4 ,IT C\LD NOT BE O!RWISE 9 A C\NTRY DOM9AT$ BY AGRICULTURE4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK DICTATOR%IP WAS NECESS>ILY B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ BECAUSE IT ORIG9AT$ 9 ! P[] ( ! PEASANTRY4 ,IT WAS ALSO SO 9 ITS ACTIVITY & GOAL4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG DESCRIB$ AS WELL AS WE CAN ! ESS5CE ( ! P>TY DICTATOR%IP & ITS 9FLU5CE ON ! REVOLUTION1 BE=E H] DEA?4 ,%E SAID3 0,A FEW DOZ5 P>TY LEAD]S ( 9EXHAU/IBLE 5]GY & B\NDLESS EXP]I5CE DIRECT & RULE4 ,AMONG !M1 9 REALITY ONLY A DOZ5 \T/&+ HEADS DO ! LEAD+ & AN ELITE ( ! WORK+ CLASS IS 9VIT$ FROM TIME TO TIME TO MEET+S :]E !Y >E TO APPLAUD ! SPEE*ES ( !IR LEAD]S & TO APPROVE ! PROPOS$ RESOLUTIONS UNANIM\SLY -- AT ! BOTTOM1 !N1 A CLIQUE AFFAIR -- A DICTATOR%IP1 C]TA9LY1 NOT ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 H[EV]1 BUT ONLY ! DICTATOR%IP ( A H&FUL ( POLITICIANS1 ?AT IS A DICTATOR%IP 9 ! B\RGEOIS S5SE40 0,P]FECT1 DICTATOR%IP6 444 ,BUT ?IS DICTATOR%IP MU/ BE ! WORK ( ! CLASS & NOT ( A M9ORITY ?AT LEADS 9 ! NAME ( ! CLASS1 ?AT IS ?AT IT MU/ BE A FAI?FUL & PROGRESSIVE EMANATION ( ! ACTIVE P>TICIPATION ( ! MASSES1 IT MU/ SUBMIT CON/ANTLY TO !IR DIRECT 9FLU5CE1 BE SUBMITT$ TO ! CONTROL ( PUBLIC OP9ION AS A :OLE1 TO PROCE$ FROM ! GR[+ POLITICAL $UCATION ( ! POPUL> MASSES40 ,! ,K,A,P & ,K,A,I SPOKE !SE WORDS1 IF ONE READS ?R\<\T PROLET>IAT = PUBLIC OP9ION1 MASSES & PEOPLE4 ,H[EV]1 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG HAD NOT UND]/OOD ?AT ALL ?IS C\LD NOT BE APPLI$ TO ,RUSSIA1 ?AT A CLASS DICTATOR%IP WAS IMPOSSIBLE !RE = ! REASON ?AT ! PROLET>IAT WAS TOO WEAK & ! PEASANTRY TOO /RONG4 ,BESIDES1 %E DID NOT SEE AS %E DI$ TOO SOON1 ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS' P>TY DICTATOR%IP WAS NOT ONLY F\ND$ ON ! P[] ( ! PEASANTS1 BUT !Y HAD & MU/ USE ! PEASANTS /R5G? = ! B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,&1 9 FACT1 !Y 9CREAS+LY US$ !IR P>TY DICTATOR%IP = ! PEASANTRY1 I4E4 PRIVATE CAPITALI/ PROP]TY1 & AGA9/ ! PROLET>IAT1 I4E2 COMMUNISM4 ,GIV5 ! PRODUCTION & CLASS RELATION%IPS1 ?IS DICTATOR%IP C\LD NOT BE A CLASS DICTATOR%IP1 BUT HAD TO BE A P>TY ONE4 ,& IT IS EXACTLY BECAUSE ( !SE RELATION%IPS ?AT ! P>TY DICTATOR%IP W\LD BECOME B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/4 ,P>TY DICTATOR%IP IS A TYPICAL 9DICATOR ( ! B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION1 ( A REVOLUTION :OSE F\NDATION IS PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ( A REVOLUTION BY :I* ONE CLASS DEFEATS ! O!R :ILE REMA9+ ON ! BASIS ( PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,! RIS+ CLASS USES & TRICKS ! CLASSES ?AT IT DOM9ATES ALL ! TIME4 ,A B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION IS ALWAYS ( ! M9ORITY AGA9/ ! MAJORITY4 ,! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION :I* MU/ BE REALLY COMMUNI/1 CAN ONLY BE ?AT ( A MAJORITY OV] A M9ORITY4 ,?US IT CAN ONLY TAKE PLACE 9 A TRULY PROLET>IAN C\NTRY1 OR1 AT LEA/ P>TLY SO4 ,BUT AS ! REVOLUTION >ISES FROM ?IS MAJORITY1 NO P>TY DICTATOR%IP1 NO US+ & TRICK+ ( ! MASSES BY ! P>TY & ITS DICTATOR%IP1 IS VIABLE1 9/EAD A CLASS DICTATOR%IP IS NE$$4 ,:5 A P>TY DICTATOR%IP EXI/$ 9 ,RUSSIA1 IT WAS ! MO/ C]TA9 9DEX ( ! B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ NATURE ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,WE %ALL %[ LAT] ?AT ! CLASS DICTATOR%IP IS ! SOLE DICTATOR%IP POSSIBLE = ! PROLET>IAT = EV5 MORE IMPORTANT REASONS4 ,WE >E NEGLECT+ = ! MOM5T ! FACT ?AT ! ,BOL%EVIKS %[$ !IR B\RGEOIS-DEMOCRATIC1 I4E4 CAPITALI/1 *>ACT] EQUALLY 9 ! FIR/ P]IOD BY !IR 9FLU5CE ON ! PROLET>IAT ( O!R C\NTRIES & P>TICUL>LY ON ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,WE %ALL RETURN TO ?IS QUE/ION AFT] /UDY+ ! SECOND P]IOD4 ,WE HAVE !RE=E E/ABLI%$ ?AT EV5 9 !IR FIR/ REVOLUTION>Y1 SO-CALL$ COMMUNI/1 /AGE1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS %[$ !IR CAPITALI/ *>ACT] BY ! CREATION ( PEASANT SOVIETS1 BY L& DIVISION1 BY ! DOCTR9E ( NATIONAL SELF-DET]M9ATION1 BY ! 5ROLLM5T ( PEASANTS 9 ! >MY1 BY 5FRAN*IS+ PEASANTS1 & F9ALLY BY ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! P>TY4 ,N[ WE %ALL DEAL ) ! SECOND P]IOD1 AFT] ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#b#a4 ,! ,R,S,F,S,R HAD ?US F\ND$ COMMUNISM & ! PEASANTS HAD F\ND$ !IR DEMOCRATIC-CAPITALI/ REPUBLIC4 ,! TWO CLASSES1 ! PROLET>IAT & PEASANTRY1 HAD ACCOMPLI%$ !IR HI/ORICAL TASKS SO WELL1 BO? DIRECT$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY1 ?AT 9 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#b#a1 ! REVOLT 9 ! =TRESS ( ,KRON/ADT BROKE \T ON ! BATTLE%IPS & 9 ,PETROGRAD4 ,& COMMUNISM WAS EXT+UI%$ ) ! SLI$ 9 AN 9/ANT4 ,ONE MU/ SAY ?AT ! RIS+ WAS V]Y WEAK 9 RELATION TO ! HUGE EMPIRE4 ,EQUALLY ONE MU/ REM>K ?AT ! PEASANTS W]E NEI!R ORGANIZ$ AS A CLASS NOR W]E NOT4 ,BUT ! SMALL ACTION ( A GR\P ( PEASANTS 7IT IS SAID ?AT MO/ ( ! CREWS ( ! BATTLE%IPS W]E COMPOS$ ( PEASANTS' SONS7 WAS 5\<4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY ESS5TIALLY REPRES5T$ ! 9NUM]ABLE MILLIONS ( PEOPLE :O WANT$ L&1 & A SMALL GR\P FROM !SE MILLIONS %[$ A DESIRE = SOME?+ MORE ?AN L&4 ,! P>TY GAVE 91 & ! PROLET>IAT1 ! ORIG9 ( ! P>TY1 HAD F9I%$ ) COMMUNISM4 ,! PROLET>IAT WAS PUT TO ! S]VICE ( ! PEASANTRY1 TO AID IT & RAISE IT UP1 & IT HAD TO WORK UND] ! LEAD]%IP ( ITS P>TY :I* WAS H5CE=?1 & BECAME 9CREAS+LY MORE SO1 ! REPRES5TATIVE ( ! PEASANTRY & ! CAPITALISM & NO LONG] ?AT ( ! PROLET>IAT & COMMUNISM4 ,N[ WE %ALL CITE ! MO/ IMPORTANT *ANGES1 )\T PRE-OCCUPY+ \RSELVES ) ! *RONOLOGY :I* IS ( NO 9T]E/ H]E BECAUSE WE ONLY WANT TO %[ ! PASSAGE TO CAPITALISM4 ,! READ] MUSES ?AT BEH9D ALL !SE *ANGES HIDES ! PEASANTRY4 ,IT DID NOT /RUGGLE SO MU* AS A MASS1 IT WAS NOT EV5 ORGANIZ$1 IT ONLY 9T]V5$ LOCALLY1 BUT1 BECAUSE ( ITS L>GE NUMB]S & CONFUS$ MASSES1 IT 9/ANTANE\SLY TRANS=M$ 9 A MOM5T ( ELEM5TAL =CE ! :OLE ( ! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY 9TO ITS 9/RUM5T & =C$ IT 7M5 LIKE ,L597 TO /& OV] & AGA9/ ! CLASS HO/ILE TO ! PEASANTRY & ! ORIG9 ( ! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY4 ,WE CAN GIVE EXAMPLES FROM ! B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION :]E ! REPRES5TATIVE ( A CLASS WAS COMPELL$ TO RISE AGA9/ ITSELF BY ! P[] ( O!R CLASSES4 ,BUT 9 !SE CASES ! TWO OR SEV]AL CLASSES W]E ALWAYS BAS$ ON ! SAME PR9CIPLE1 E4G4 [N]S & F9ANCI]S4 ,SU* A /RUGGLE WAS !RE=E V]Y SMALL4 ,9 ,RUSSIA BY COMP>ISON1 ! REPRES5TATIVES ( A COMPLETELY NEW WORLD1 ! COMMUNI/ WORLD1 CONFRONT$ ! CAPITALI/ WORLD1 BUT !Y1 H[EV]1 /RUGGL$ AGA9/ !IR [N CLASS4 ,:AT !Y WANT$ WAS PRECISELY ! E/ABLI%M5T ( CAPITALISM4 ,) ! SMALLE/ BREA?1 ALL ?AT WAS COMMUNI/ DISAPPE>$4 ,9DU/RY WAS P>TIALLY D5ATIONALIZ$1 ! COMPLETE /ATE MONOPOLY 9 IMPORTANT FOODS & RAW MAT]IALS WAS LIFT$1 /ATE REGULATION ( CO-OPS WAS 5D$1 FREE 9T]NAL TRADE WAS RE9TRODUC$1 ! PR9CIPLE ( FREE /ATE DI/RIBUTION TO WORK]S1 EMPLOYES ETC4 WAS ABOLI%$ & ! WAGES SY/EM RE-9TRODUC$4 ,:ILE COMMUNISM WAS DISAPPE>+ 9TO ! BACKGR\ND1 AN 9CREAS+LY P[]FUL CAPITALISM TOOK OV] ! FRONT ( ! /AGE4 ,LET US RECALL ITS MA9 A*IEVEM5TS1 BUT N[ 9 DETAIL SO ?AT ! PROLET>IANS WILL SEE H[ ! WORK]S ( ,WE/ ,EUROPE WILL NOT ALL[ !MSELVES TO BE DUP$ ANY LONG]1 BUT !Y WILL SEE H[ !Y >E ! ONLY ONES ) ! ABILITY & ! NE$ TO 9/ALL COMMUNISM1 & NOT ! WORK]S ( ! PEASANT /ATES4 ,CAPITALI/ PROP]TY RETURNS6 ,WE ASSUME ?AT ?IS RESULT$ FROM ! ',DECREE ( ! ,R,S,F,S,R' DAT$ ,MAY #b#g?4 #aiba PUBLI%$ 9 ',IZVE/IA' ON ,JUNE #a#h?4 & APPE>+ 9 ! ,FR5* PAP] ',J\RNAL DES ,DEBATS' 9 ,FR5* TRANSLATION BY ONE ( ! ,RUSSIAN DELEGATES TO ! ,HAGUE ,CONGRESS4 ,?IS DECREE P>TICUL>LY DET]M9ES ?AT ! RIS4 #c4 ,PROP]TY RIKS ETC44 #f4 ,! RI$4 ,! LAW PROJECT$ = ,MAY #a#e?4 E/ABLI%$ ?AT ALL L& BELONG$ TO ! REPUBLIC1 ?IS IS TRUE UND] ! GUISE ( /ATE SOCIALISM1 ! LAW POSITIVELY GU>ANTEES FULL & COMPLETE POSSESSION = PEASANTS4 ,BECAUSE ! LAW E/ABLI%$ ?AT A PEASANT C\LD NOT LOSE ! RIM ! L& EXCEPT UND] ?REE CONDITIONS3 #a7 IF HE CEAS$ TO F>M IT HIMSELF1 #b7 = CRIM9AL REASONS1 #c7 IF ! /ATE EXPROPRIAT$ ! L& ETC44 ,!RE W]E ALSO SEV]AL SEV]E LIMITATIONS 9 SOME CASES CONC]N+ P]SONAL ACQUISITION1 BUT ! ,SOVIET ,REPUBLIC = ! MO/ P>T CONT9U$ ,/OLYP9'S 7M9I/] UND] ! LA/ ,CZ>7 POLICY4 ,AGA9 ONE F9DS TWO IMPORTANT PROVISIONS 9 ! LAW4 ,! FIR/ GAVE ! PEASANTS ! RIM ! SOIL = ONE 7EXCEPTIONALLY TWO7 YE>S4 ,! SECOND1 & MORE IMPORTANT1 5D$ ! 9T]DICTION ON HIR+ WORK]S4 ,?IS WAS ONLY ALL[$ :5 ALL1 ! MEMB]S ( ! PEASANT FAMILY ABLE TO WORK DID SO4 ,! APPLICATION ( ! LAW CONC]N+ F>M+ & ! HIR+ ( LABOR WAS AB&ON$ TO ! PEASANT MUNICIPALITIES1 I4E4 ! SOVIET /ATE GIVES COMPLETE FRE$OM TO PEASANTS ON !SE IMPORTANT PO9TS AMONG O!RS4 ,AGRICULTURE IS ?US PROGRESSIVELY *ANG$ 7NATURALLY ?IS DOES NOT HAPP5 QUICKLY1 GIV5 ! SITUATION 9 ,RUSSIA1 BUT MORE RAPIDLY ?AN ONE MAY ?9K1 DUE TO ! FAIR H>VE/S7 TO BECOME ! F\NDATION ( ! CAPITALI/ /ATE4 ,F>M]S & [N]S APPE>$1 AN AGRICULTURAL PROLET>IAT =M$4 ,IT CREAT$ AN 9T]NAL M>KET AT ! BASE ( L>GE SCALE 9DU/RY AS WELL AS A RES]VOIR ( PRODUCTIVE =CES )\T POSSESSIONS ?AT 9DU/RY1 COMM]CE1 CAPITALISM C\LD EXPLOIT4 ,9 BRIEF1 ,RUSSIA TOOK ! PA? ?AT ALL CAPITALI/ /ATES TOOK1 FROM ! PEASANTRY 7IF ! ,EUROPEAN REVOLUTION DID NOT QUICKLY COME TO !IR AID71 BUT1 9 ?IS P>TICUL> CASE1 UND] ! LEAD]%IP ( NOT$ COMMUNI/S & A SMALL =M]LY COMMUNI/1 BUREAUCRATIC P>TY4 ,! PROLET>IAT HAS BECOME1 EV5 9 ! PEASANT C\NTRIES1 SU* AN IMPORTANT FACTOR1 ITS DEVELOPM5T WAS SO GREAT1 ?AT IT TOOK OV] 7OR RA!R1 ITS LEAD]S1 ITS P>TY TOOK OV]7 ! E/ABLI%M5T ( CAPITALISM 7:]E IT WAS WEAK74 ,AGA9/ ITSELF6 ,! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY1 !N /ILL COMMUNI/1 S\M]S & L&LESS WORK]S1 9 BRIEF1 IT BUILDS CAPITALISM4 ,9DU/RY WAS TRANSF]$ FROM FULL COMMUNI/ /ATE POSSESSION1 REGULATION1 & CONTROL1 TO ANO!R CONDITION4 ,PETTY 9DU/RY HAS ALREADY BECOME COMPLETELY FREE1 L>GE SCALE 9DU/RY1 P>TLY SO4 ,BESIDES1 SOME ( ! MO/ IMPORTANT BRAN*ES HAVE PASS$ OV] TO TRU/S CO-OP]AT+ ) ! /ATE1 ! SO-CALL$ MIX$ 5T]PRISES1 :]E ! WORK]S WORK1 AS EV]Y:]E1 = WAGES4 ,!SE 9DU/RIES ALREADY HAVE CONSID]ABLE 9DEP5D5CE1 EV5 REG>D+ ! /ATE1 P>TICUL>LY 9 COMM]CE4 ,EVID5TLY !IR MANAG]S & EV5 GOV]NM5T (FICIALS >E SE>*+ = NEW WAYS TO MAKE MONEY4 ,COMPETITION BETWE5 O!R ACTIVITIES & /ATE 5T]PRISES >OSE4 ,?IS PROCESS IS DEVELOP+ 9 9DU/RY4 ,9T]NAL TRADE IS FREE4 ,ONE CAN BUY & SELL ANY?+ 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,L>GE & SMALL CAPITALI/S APPE>$ 9 T[N & C\NTRY4 ,CAPITALISM BEGAN ) TRADE 9 PEASANT C\NTRIES1 ! CAPITALS SO CREAT$ !N CREAT$ 9DU/RY & BANK+ OR1 :]E !Y ALREADY EXI/$1 EXT5D$ !M4 ,EXT]NAL TRADE IS /ILL APP>5TLY 9 ! H&S ( ! /ATE1 BUT ?AT IS M]ELY AN APPE>ANCE4 ,! HUGE ,RUSSIAN CONF$]ATION ( CO-OPS1 ! ,TS5TROSUJUZ1 HAS ALREADY WON ! RIE COMPLETELY CAPITALI/ & B\RGEOIS 9/ITUTIONS4 ,9 REALITY !Y TRADE ALONG PURELY CAPITALI/ L9ES4 ,BUT ! TRU/S1 ! L>GE 9DU/RIAL SOCIETIES1 >E ALSO GA9+ MORE & MORE AUTONOMY 9 EXT]NAL TRADE4 ,C]TA9LY !Y /ILL NE$ ! =EIGN TRADE DEP>TM5T'S CONS5T TO !IR BUS9ESS1 BUT :O C\LD REFUSE SOME?+ TO !SE P[]FUL COMPANIES 9 :I* ! GOV]NM5T IS REPRES5T$ & :I* >E P>TIALLY /ATE FUND$8 ,KRASS9 GAVE A LONG LI/ ( !SE COMM]CIAL 5T]PRISES TO ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! BIG /ATES AT ! ,HAGUE4 ,F9ALLY1 ! ,RUSSIAN GOV]NM5T IS PREP>$ TO MAKE L>GE CONCESSIONS TO MAJOR =EIGN CAPITALI/S & 9 FACT L5T ,KRUPP #d MILLION HECT>ES = =EIGN AGRICULTURAL 5T]PRISE4 ,)\T M5TION+ OIL1 =E/RY1 & M9]AL CONCESSIONS ETC44 ,LOCAL F9ANCE WAS SEP>AT$ FROM /ATE F9ANCE6 ,:]E ?AT LEADS TO ) ! PEASANTRY1 ONE CAN QUITE CLE>LY 5VISAGE66 ,TAXES W]E RE-9TRODUC$1 EV5 9DIRECT TAXES1 E4G4 ON TOBACCO1 C(FEE1 MAT*ES1 SOAP1 PETROL1 SUG>1 SALT1 BE]1 & TEXTILES4 ,F9ALLY1 A /ATE BANK WAS RUN 9 A NEW MANN]1 AS ! 9T]M$I>Y 9 9T]NAL & EXT]NAL BUS9ESS4 ,IT ACCEPT$ & PAID 9T]NAL & EXT]NAL CO/S4 ,AS ,SOKOLNIKOV EXPLA9$ AT ! ,HAGUE1 ! 9/RUM5T WAS AVAILABLE TO PRIVATE 9DIVIDUALS1 PRIVATE 5T]PRISES1 & MIX$ 5T]PRISES4 ,?US ! VOLUME ( BANK+ BUS9ESS GREATLY & CON/ANTLY 9CREAS$ 9 ! ,RUSSIAN M>KET4 ,AT ! ,MAY 7#a#i#b#b7 SESSION ( ! F9ANCIAL DEP>TM5T1 /ATE BANK DIRECTOR ,>ON ,%E9MAN SPOKE ON ! ,RUSSIAN /ATE BANK AFT] :I* ! F9ANCIAL SECTION CALL$ = PRIVATE BANKS4 ,/OCK EX*ANGES W]E RE-OP5$ 9 ! L>GE T[NS4 ,AN >MY ( 5TREPR5EURS1 BUS9ESSM51 BANK]S1 AG5TS1 & BROK]S ( ALL K9DS1 SPECULATORS1 /OCK DEAL]S1 M]*ANTS1 HELD AGA9 :AT LITTLE !Y W]E ALL[$ BY A TYPE ( /ATE CAPITALISM4 ,MORE1 A MIDDLE CLASS1 %OP [N]S1 SMALL 9DU/RIALI/S1 9TELLECTUALS1 SMALL (FICE & BUS9ESS EMPLOYES1 9 FACT ! 5TIRE UNIV]SE ( VAMPIRES LIV+ (F ! PROLET>IAT1 ROSE AGA9 FROM ! FLANKS ( ! HUGE >MY ( PRIVATE [N]S1 ! PEASANTRY4 ,! NEW >MY ( ! B\RGEOISIE >OSE 9 ! T[NS TOO1 SO 9 ! C\NTRY A L>GELY NEW >MY ( ! PEASANTRY >OSE AS WELL4 ,BETWE5 !M1 ! PROLET>IAT1 SMALL 9 NUMB] &1 DESPITE APPE>ANCES1 V]Y WEAK4 ,! NEW URBAN B\RGEOISIE & ! PEASANTS WANT$ TO 5RI* !MSELVES1 EA* ALONE4 ,! >MY WAS MA9LY PEASANTS' SONS444 ,! :OLE WORLD AWAIT$ ONLY ! FREE+ ( =EIGN TRADE = ALL CITIZ5S & PEASANTS4 ,AS WE HAVE SE51 IT WAS ALREADY P>TIALLY FREE = CO-OPS1 TRU/S1 & 9 O!R CASES1 ! MO/ IMPORTANT & P[]FUL4 ,TRULY1 IT W\LD NOT BE LONG BE=E ALL =EIGN TRADE WAS FREE AGA94 ,!N ALL CAPITALISM'S L9KS WILL BE 9 PLACE & ! :OLE PROLET>IAT 9 *A9S4 ,IS !RE REALLY A GREAT DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! BIR? ( CAPITALISM 9 ! PEASANT /ATES ( ! PREC$+ C5TURIES 7OR EV5 9 ,AM]ICA1 ,AU/RALIA1 & ,S\? ,AFRICA1 = 9/ANCE1 9 ! #a#i?4 C5TURY7 & ITS BIR? 9 ,RUSSIA8 ,C]TA9LY RELATIONS W]E DIFF]5T4 ,!RE W]E FREE PEASANTS 9 ! COLONIES1 H]E !Y HAVE LEFT DESPOTISM & SO1 9 P>T1 M$IEVAL RELATIONS4 ,BUT N[1 >E NOT ALL ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS FREE8 ,NO1 ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! BIR? ( CAPITALISM H]E & !RE IS M9IMAL4 ,?IS IS DESPITE ! FACT ?AT CAPITALISM IS BE+ CREAT$ )\T ! CAPITALI/S !MSELVES & IS >IS+ EI!R FROM ! PEASANTRY OR =EIGN]S1 & ?AT TODAY IT IS E/ABLI%+ ITSELF ?ANKS TO ! PROLET>IAT OR MORE & NE>] ! TRU?1 ?ANKS TO ! P>TY ) A PROLET>IAN ORIG94 ,POOR ,RUSSIAN WORK]S6 ,Y\ NEV] HAD1 EV5 BE=E ,KRON/ADT1 ANY DIRECTION OR CONTROL1 H[EV] SMALL1 OV] ! /ATE4 ,NEI!R Y\ NOR Y\R ORGANIZATIONS4 ,ALL ?AT WAS HELD BY A BUREAUCRATIC P>TY & A DOZ5 LEAD]S4 ,BUT Y\ HAD SOME?+1 SOME RIKETS = FOOD OR ! MO/ IMPORTANT RAW MAT]IALS4 ,UNIV]SAL COMPULSORY LABOR NO LONG] EXI/S4 ,! /ATE NO LONG] GIVES Y\ ANY?+ FREE4 ,CAPITALI/S & CAPITALI/ SOCIETIES >E !RE AGA91 AGA9 !RE IS WAGE /RUGGLE & UNEMPLOYM5T4 ,!RE IS WAGE-LABOR AGA9 & ONCE MORE Y\ >E A WAGE SLAVE4 ,!RE IS EV5 COMPULSORY >BITRATION4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT !RE IS /ILL A LITTLE /ATE CAPITALISM & ?AT ! /ATE LEAD]S >E ! OLD HONOR$ LEAD]S ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,?AT IS TRUE444 ,BUT ?9K6 ,:AT USE IS Y\R WORK8 ,:AT USE IS ! SURPLUS-VALUE ?AT Y\ DAILY CREATE8 ,IT BELONGS TO ! CAPITALI/S4 ,FIR/LY IT BELONGS TO ! PEASANTRY4 ,IT IS US$ BY ! 'SOVIET /ATE'S' GOV]NM5T = ! PEASANTRY1 TO DEVELOP IT ECONOMICALLY SO ?AT A CAPITALI/ ,RUSSIA IS CREAT$ BY ! GR[+ PEASANT ECONOMY4 ,COMMUNISM 9 ,RUSSIA IS AN APPE>ANCE 9 DECL9E1 CAPITALISM IS ! GR[+ REALITY4 ,SO IT HAS BE5 %[N ?AT A CONSID]ABLE NEW >MY & A CAPITALI/ /ATE ?AT ONE CAN ONLY COMP>E ) ! ,U,S,A AS TO ITS SIZE & HUGE RAW MAT]IAL WEAL? HAS BE5 E/ABLI%$ UND] ! ,BOL%EVIKS & IS ON ITS WAY TO RIS+ AGA9/ ! WORLD PROLET>IAT4 ,RUSSIA1 CAPITALI/ ,RUSSIA1 HAS BECOME A NEW & P[]FUL 5EMY ( ! WORLD PROLET>IAT1 ( ! WORLD REVOLUTION4 #b4 ,ASIA ,RELATION%IPS >E1 OR >E APPROA*+1 ?OSE 9 ,RUSSIA OV] MU* ( ! WORLD4 ,AS WE NOT$1 WE >E NOT SPEAK+ ( ,AFRICA1 ,AU/RALIA1 & ,S\? ,AM]ICA1 BUT ( ,ASIA :]E !RE >E V]Y BIG C\NTRIES :]E CONDITIONS >E APPROA*+ ?OSE 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,9 ! MA9 ,ASIAN C\NTRIES1 I4E4 ,9DIA1 ,DUT* ,EA/ ,9DIES1 & ,*9A1 !RE >E HUGE MASSES ( SMALL PEASANTS :O >E OPPRESS$ BY NATIVE OR =EIGN =CES1 OR BY BO? TOGE!R4 ,! POPULATION ( !SE C\NTRIES NUMB]S #g TO #h MILLION PEOPLE1 MO/LY SMALL PEASANTS4 ,! /RUGGLE AGA9/ NATIVE & =EIGN GOV]NM5TS' MISRULE IS ADVANC+ 9 ALL !SE C\NTRIES4 ,! REVOLUTION APPROA*ES4 ,A RAPIDLY GR[+ PROLET>IAT1 H[EV]1 LIVES 9 !SE C\NTRIES1 GR[+ BO? NUM]ICALLY & 9 CLASS CONSCI\SNESS1 /&+ AP>T FROM ! RE/ ( ! POPULATION BY ! CL>ITY ( ITS OBJECTIVES1 DECISION1 & ORGANIZATION4 ,IT IS NOT IMPOSSIBLE ?AT ?IS PROLET>IAT WILL LEAD 9 ! REVOLUTION1 OR %>E IT ) O!R CLASSES4 ,BUT GIV5 ?AT ! PROLET>IAT1 L>GE SCALE 9DU/RY & MOD]N CAPITAL >E F> LESS P[]FUL !RE ?AN 9 ,RUSSIA1 ! REVOLUTION WILL C]TA9LY E/ABLI% A NATIONALI/IC CAPITALI/ /ATE1 EV5 MORE C]TA9LY ?AN 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,IT WILL BE ! SAME 9 ,ASIATIC ,TURKEY1 ,P]SIA1 ,>ABIA1 ,AFE NO MOD]N PROLET>IANS 7\TSIDE ! FEW PORTS74 ,:5 ,RUSSIA WAS =C$ TO 9TRODUCE CAPITALISM DESPITE ITS H]OIC & F> SIIAT1 ! ISSUE WAS ALSO SETTL$ = ! ,ASIAN C\NTRIES UND]GO+ !IR REVOLUTIONS4 ,9 ALL ',AWAK5+ ,ASIA' 79 ,SIB]IA ! SITUATION IS ID5TICAL TO ?AT 9 ,RUSSIA & 9 ,JAPAN CAPITALISM ALREADY DOM9ATES7 HUGE CAPITALI/ /ATES HO/ILE TO ! PROLET>IAT >E 9 =MATION4 ,RUSSIA1 :I* HAS TRANS=M$ ITSELF 9TO A CAPITALI/ /ATE1 A NATIONALI/ /ATE COMPET+ ) ,WE/ ,EUROPE & ) ,AM]ICA1 PREC$E ?IS ,ASIAN CAPITALI/ EVOLUTION & SUPPORTS IT4 ,?IS EVOLUTION WAS GREATLY ACCEL]AT$ BY ! WORLD W> & ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION4 ,IT N[ COV]S ALL ,ASIA & DRAGS AFT] IT A HUGE P>T ( ! WORLD4 ,ALL ,ASIA :I* IS AWAK5+ IS ! NEW 5EMY ( ! WORLD PROLET>IAT & ( ! REVOLUTION4 #c4 ,! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL 9 ,EUROPE ,LET US N[ TURN TO ! ,WE/ TO SEE H[ ,RUSSIAN COMMUNISM & CAPITALISM %$ !IR LI$ TO ! RE/ ( ,EUROPE FULLY 9 CON=MITY ) ITS *>ACT]1 ! *>ACT] ( ITS HALF-COMMUNI/1 HALF-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION4 ,?AT WAS EASY TO DO4 ,9 FACT IT IS DUE TO ! HUGE IMPORTANCE ( :AT IT ACCOMPLI%$ ?AT ! ,EUROPEAN WORK]S WAT* & OBEY ! ,BOL%EVIK P>TY4 ,ALL ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL FOLL[S ,RUSSIA4 ,FROM ! />T ,EUROPEAN WORK]S W]E CALL$ ON TO P]=M A P>TLY-PROLET>IAN1 P>TLY B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION1 JU/ AS 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,& ?AT IS EXACTLY :Y ! ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN WORK]S ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL FOLL[ ,RUSSIA1 EV5 ?\< !IR [N C\NTRIES %\LD BE /RONGLY PROLET>IAN4 ,9/EAD ( A PURELY PROLET>IAN TACTIC1 !Y FOLL[ AN IMPURE & P>TY B\RGEOIS ONE4 ,IT IS EQUALLY IMPOSSIBLE = A PROLET>IAN-B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION TO CALL ON O!R C\NTRIES TO P]=M A PURELY COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION4 ,=1 SO DO+1 !Y W\LD BE NEGLECT+ ! B\RGEOIS P>T1 ?US !MSELVES4 ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL APPEAL$ = REVOLUTION1 CIVIL W>1 ! =MATION ( WORK]S' & SOLDI]S' C\NCILS & A R$ >MY4 ,BUT AT ! SAME TIME !Y DID NOT D>E CALL = :AT ! ,EUROPEAN REVOLUTION NE$$1 FIR/LY1 ! ,G]MAN REVOLUTION4 ,!Y D>$ NOT SUPPORT ! REALLY FUNDAM5TAL MEASURES = ! ,EUROPEAN & ,G]MAN REVOLUTIONS4 ,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION & ! ,BOL%EVIKS D>$ NOT DO IT FROM ! />T1 BECAUSE ! DEM&S !MSELVES W\LD HAVE %[N IMM$IATELY ?AT !Y DID NOT REPRES5T A REAL PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION4 ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL DID NOT SUPPORT IMM$IATELY ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! TRADE UNIONS AS A BASIC /RUGGLE = WORK]S' & SOLDI]S' C\NCILS1 = A CIVIL W>1 A R$ >MY1 9 BRIEF1 = ! REVOLUTION1 ! /RUGGLE = ! DE/RUCTION ( TRADE UNIONS4 ,A TRUE1 FULLY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION 7E4G4 9 ,5GL& & ,G]MANY7 W\LD DO SO4 ,IT W\LD IMM$IATELY SET UP FACTORY ORGANIZATIONS TO REPLACE ! TRADE UNIONS1 = ONLY ! =M] CAN /RUGGLE & =M ! BASIS ( COMMUNISM4 ,AS ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL LET ! TRADE UNIONS SURVIVE1 !Y %[ !MSELVES TO BE CAPITALI/ & ?AT !Y NEI!R WI% NOR D>E ]ADICATE ,EUROPEAN CAPITALISM4 ,!Y DO NOT DEM& AN 5D TO P>LIAM5T>IANISM 9 ! REVOLUTION1 BUT LEAVE ! ,EUROPEAN WORK]S :O HAVE NEV] F\7 ) ! ILLUSION ?AT ! REVOLUTION CAN BE MADE 9 P>LIAM5T OR BY LEAD]S4 ,A REALLY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION 7E4G4 9 ,5GL&1 ,G]MANY1 & ! ,U,S,A7 WILL 5D P>LIAM5T>IANISM AS SOON AS ! REVOLUTION COMES4 ,P>LIAM5T IS AN >M ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 ! SOVIET & ! FACTORY ORGANIZATION ) ! WORK]S' C\NCIL IS ! PROLET>IAT'S >M ?AT IT WILL NOT E/ABLI% ALONGSIDE BUT AGA9/ P>LIAM5T AS SOON AS ! REVOLUTION 5T]S ) A BANG4 ,BECAUSE ,RUSSIA DOES NOT D>E1 IT AGA9 %[S ?AT IT IS L>GELY CAPITALI/1 ITS TRUE OBJECTIVE BE+1 CONSCI\S OR UNCONSCI\S1 GIV5 ITS CLASS RELATIONS1 IS NOT ! ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN REVOLUTION BUT ,RUSSIAN CAPITALISM4 ,!Y DID NOT SUPPORT ! 5D TO P>TY DICTATOR%IP 9 ,WE/ ,EUROPE4 ,!Y C\LD %[ !IR B\RGEOIS *>ACT] NO BETT] ?AN BY ?IS4 ,IT IS EXACTLY ?AT1 SUBMISSION TO P>TY SLAV]Y1 ?AT WAS ! 9FECTION & FALL ( SOCIAL DEMOCRACY & ! PROLET>IAT IT HAD 5SLAV$4 ,! DICTATOR%IP ( ! P>TY OV] ! MASSES WAS NECESS>Y 9 ! PRE-W> P]IOD BE=E ! REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS NO LONG] SO DUR+ ! REVOLUTION4 ,!N ! PROLET>IAT 9 ITS FACTORY ORGANIZATIONS & P>TIES AS A :OLE1 AS ONE ORGANIZATION1 WILL DECIDE4 ,! TRADE UNIONS & OLD P>TIES ) !IR LEAD]S >E TOO WEAK FAC$ ) ! P[] ( ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN & ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN CAPITALISM1 /ILL AN 5ORM\S P[] 9 ITS CRISIS &1 BECAUSE IT IS 9 MORTAL DANG]1 MORE 5ORM\S1 P]HAPS1 ?AN EV] BE=E4 ,ONLY ! NEW ORGANIZATIONS1 ! ,K,A,P & ! ,UNION1 CAN BEAT CAPITALISM N[4 ,?AT IS :Y !Y MU/ AMALGAMATE4 ,?US IT CAN NO LONG] BE A QUE/ION ( P>TY DICTATOR%IP4 ,! REAL PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION WILL >RIVE & /R5G!N FROM ITS P>TY & ,UNION51 COMPOS$ ( FACTORY ORGANIZATIONS1 & WILL TRANS=M BO? 9TO ONE UNIT$ = /RUGGLE4 ,BECAUSE ! ,BOL%EVIKS DID NOT UND]/& OR DESIRE ?IS CONCEPTION1 BECAUSE !Y SUPPORT$ & TRI$ TO GA9 A P>TY OR LEAD]S' DICTATOR%IP1 AS 9 ,RUSSIA 7A DOZ5 LEAD]S1 AS ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG SAID1 DOM9ATE A FLOCK ( P>TY %EEP :I* IS CALL$ TO ACTION AT ! DESIR$ MOM5T &1 BY !IR 9T]M$I>Y1 ! GREAT MASS ( ! CLASS :I* IS /UPID & DOES NOT ?9K7 BY ?IS PURELY B\RGEOIS & CAPITALI/ ME?OD1 !Y HAVE %[N H]E1 9 ,WE/ ,EUROPE1 ?AT !IR [N REVOLUTION DID NOT HAVE A REALLY PROLET>IAN NATURE1 BUT WAS MA9LY CAPITALI/4 ,CONSEQU5TLY ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL 9 FOLL[+ ,RUSSIA %[$ ! SAME *>ACT]4 ,& AGA91 MORE ?AN ?AT1 BY ?IS DECISION1 MORE SO ?AN ANY O!R1 !Y HAVE L$ ! PROLET>IAT H]E 9 ,EUROPE NOT TO REVOLUTION BUT TO DEFEAT4 ,?IS PR9CIPLE ( P>TY OR LEAD]S' DICTATOR%IP1 I4E4 ( 9DIVIDUALS OR SMALL NUMB]S :O DOM9ATE A /UPID CR[D1 HAS EQUALLY ?R[N ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT 9TO ! ABYSS4 ,! REAL PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION1 AS 9 ,G]MANY1 ,5GL&1 & ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 C\LD ONLY BE MADE BY A /UPID MASS L$ BY KN[L$GEABLE LEAD]S4 ,=TUNATELY HI/ORY TAKES C>E ( ! MASSES BECOM+ CONSCI\S & !IR [N MA/]4 ,& 9S(> AS !Y >E NOT SUFFICI5TLY SO1 !Y WILL BE DEFEAT$1 DESPITE LEAD]S4 ,IT HAS TO ?9K & ACT = ITSELF1 HI/ORY CONC]N+ ITSELF ) ?IS4 ,IT HAD MADE \R 5EMIES1 ! ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN & ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN CAPITALI/S1 SO P[]FUL ?AT ! PROLET>IAN CLASS MU/ ?9K & ACT = ITSELF TO DEFEAT !M4 ,! PROLET>IAT 7I4E4 ! CLASS71 PROLET>IANS 9 P]SON & TOGE!R1 MU/ OV]COME ! CAPITALI/ CLASS 9 ?\TY DICTATOR%IP H]E AS 9 ,RUSSIA %[S MO/ CLE>LY ?AT :AT !Y BASICALLY WANT1 CONSCI\SLY OR UNCONSCI\SLY1 IS NOT ! DE/RUCTION1 BUT ! RECON/RUCTION ( ,EUROPEAN & ,RUSSIAN CAPITALISM4 ,! ,RUSSIANS EXPECT ALL ?AT ( ! ,EUROPEAN WORK]S1 NOT AS COMMUNI/S1 REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,RUSSIAN PROLET>IAT1 BUT AS ?OSE ( ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTRY1 RIS+ ,RUSSIAN CAPITALISM4 ,& ! ,BOL%EVIKS >E TO DO ?IS EXACTLY ?R\< ! WRET*$ ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,?IS1 & ITS /UPID LEAD]S1 :O HAVE NO MORE UND]/&+ ?AN AN ASS ( ! REAL CONDITIONS ( /RUGGLE 9 ,WE/ ,EUROPE & ! DIFF]5CES ) ,RUSSIA :]E ! REAL MOTIVAT+ =CES >E ( A CAPITALI/ NATURE1 BECAME AN 9/RUM5T ( ! ,RUSSIANS4 ,& ! L>GE MASSES TURN$ TO ! ,RUSSIANS & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,! ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN PROLET>IAT IS SO P[]LESS1 SO UNABLE TO ?9K 9DEP5D5TLY1 ?AT IT SIDES ) ,RUSSIA & ! ,RUSSIAN ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL 7?US ) CAPITALISM7 9 ITS REVOLUTION1 :I* MU/ H[EV] BECOME ! BASIS = ! WORLD REVOLUTION4 ,BUT IT WAS SO EV5 FROM ! />T1 BE=E ! ,KRON/ADT REVOLT4 ,EV5 9 #a#i#a#g-#a#i1 :5 ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL WAS =M$1 !SE FALSE PR9CIPLES ( ! ,EUROPEAN REVOLUTION P5ETRAT$ ,EUROPE1 ?ANKS TO ,MOSC[4 ,O!RWISE1 AS ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION WAS /ILL GO+ FAIRLY WELL 9 ITS PROLET>IAN P>T1 ! ,EUROPEAN WORK]S W]E ALREADY COMPLETELY 9FECT$ 7& = SO MANY YE>S7 BY ! CAPITALI/ PR9CIPLE ( ! P>TY DICTATOR%IP1 P>LIAM5T>IANISM1 & TRADE UNION ORGANIZATION1 & !Y W]E TOTALLY DE/ROY$ = ! REVOLUTION4 ,EV5 ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IANS >E ?US ! REVOLUTION'S 5EMIES4 #d4 ,! PROLET>IANS ( ,ASIA ,! ,EUROPEAN WORK]S L$ BY ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL >E NOT ALONE 9 BE+ ! 5EMIES ( ! WORLD REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS N[ ! SAME = ! ,ASIAN WORK]S4 ,EV5 9 ?AT P>T ( ! WORLD :]E1 AS WE HAVE /AT$1 ! REVOLUTION HAS TO MATURE1 9 MANY PLACES 9 ! MA9 C\NTRIES1 ,9DIA1 ,DUT* ,EA/ ,9DIES & ,*9A1 EV5 !RE ! ,RUSSIAN TACTIC & ?AT ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL HAVE *ANG$ ! PROLET>IAT 9TO ! 5EMIES ( ! REVOLUTION & 9TO ! FRI5DS ( CAPITALISM4 ,! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 GUID$ BY ,RUSSIA1 BEGAN BY PROPAGAT+ ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION 9 ! PORTS1 FACTORIES & ON ! RAILWAYS ( ,DUT* & ,BRITI% ,9DIA1 AS 9 ,WE/ ,EUROPE4 ,BUT AFT] HAV+ /RONGLY 9VIT$ ! PROLET>IAT TO V]Y ADV5TUR\S ACTIONS = A V]Y %ORT P]IOD1 ACTIONS EV5 AGA9/ ! NATIONALI/S1 I4E4 ! RIS+ ,*9ESE & ,9DIAN CAPITALI/S1 !Y SOON1 ALMO/ IMM$IATELY1 R5\NC$ ?IS TACTIC & P]SUAD$ ! PROLET>IAT TO JO9 ! NATIONALI/-CAPITALI/ MOVEM5T 9 A UNIT$ FRONT4 ,9/EAD ( BEG9N+ ) A NEW TACTIC = ! WORK]S TO LE>N !RE1 ) FACTORY ORGANIZATIONS1 9DU/RIAL UNIONS & A COMPLETELY DI/9CT POSITION = ! PROLET>IAT 9 EA* ECONOMIC & POLITICAL /RUGGLE1 !Y DISSOLV$ ! PROLET>IAN SPIRIT 9TO ! NATIONALI/ ONE1 ?US SUBMITT+ ! PROLET>IAT TO RIS+ NATIONAL CAPITALISM4 ,DO WE NE$ TO REPEAT ?AT ALL ?IS PROV$ ! CAPITALI/ *>ACT] ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL8 ,! CAPITALI/ P>T ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 7BY F> ! MORE IMPORTANT7 />T$ TRADE ) CAPITALI/ ,ASIA1 ?US 5D+ ! AUTONOMY ( ! PROLET>IAT REVOLUTION4 ,FUSION ) ! NATIONAL CAPITALI/ ,ASIAN MOVEM5T & SUBMISSION TO IT4 ,! COMMUNI/ 767 WORK]S 9 ,*9A JO9$ ! DEMOCRATIC & NATIONALI/ MOVEM5T ( ,SUN ,YAT-,S51 I4E4 SUBMITT$ TO IT1 ! LATT] BE+ BY F> ! MORE P[]FUL4 ,! COMMUNI/S 767 9 ! ,DUT* ,EA/ ,9DIES1 :O W]E !N 9DEP5D5T ( ! NATIONALI/ MOVEM5T 7! ,S>IKAT-,ISLAM71 ! TWO HAV+ BROK5 ALL L9KS1 REJO9$ !M1 I4E4 SUBMITT$ TO !M1 ! NATIONALI/S BE+ F> MORE P[]FUL4 ,9 ,BRITI% ,9DIA1 AN ANALOG\S TACTIC WAS ADOPT$4 ,AFT] ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL HAD PREA*$ COMMUNISM ALONE1 IT N[ CALL$ ON WORK]S & PEASANTS 767 TO /RUGGLE AGA9/ ,5GL&1 AGA9/ ,9DIAN FEUDALISM & AGA9/ ! RI*4 ,! SLOGAN WAS N[ 0,FRE$OM = ! ,9DIAN PEOPLE01 ?US A NATIONAL-DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC1 AS 9 ,RUSSIA 7#b74 ,ONE C\LD P]HAPS SAY ?AT IT IS ! HI/ORIC DUTY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S TO DE/ROY FEUDALISM & =EIGN DOM9ATION1 REPLAC+ !M ) B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY4 ,EV5 ,M>X PRESCRIB$ ?IS TACTIC 9 ! ',COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O'4 ,ONE MU/ FIR/LY SAY ?AT1 IF IT W]E SO1 IT MU/ NOT HAPP5 TO FOOL ! WORK]S4 ,9 ,DUT* & ,BRITI% ,9DIA1 ,*9A TOO1 !Y FOOL ! WORK]S ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL BY LETT+ !M BELIEVE ?AT ! REVOLUTION WILL BE COMMUNI/ :51 9 FACT1 !Y W]E ONLY BE+ =C$ TO P]=M ! B\RGEOIS-DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION6 ,JU/ AS 9 ,RUSSIA1 :]E !Y FOOL$ ! WORK]S ) A %AM COMMUNISM :5 CAPITALISM WAS BE+ E/ABLI%$1 JU/ AS 9 ,EUROPE1 ,AM]ICA1 ,AFRICA1 ,AU/RALIA1 :]E !Y W]E =C$ TO REBUILD CAPITALISM 9 ! GUISE ( COMMUNISM1 9 ! ,EA/ !Y =C$ ! WORK]S TO ATTACK ,9DIAN FEUDALISM1 ATTACK ,M&>9 RULE & =EIGN RULE1 UND] A FALSE COMMUNI/ BANN]4 ,BUT SECONDLY ! COMMUNI/S' TACTIC IS NOT ! SAME AS :5 ! ',COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O' WAS WRITT54 ,! TACTIC DISP5SES ) >EAS :]E ,M>X WAS SUP]S$$ BY EVOLUTION4 ,O!RWISE ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION W\LD /ILL BE IMPOSSIBLE & ONE %\LD HAVE TO BR+ B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY TO ,EUROPE4 ,! ESS5TIAL ?+1 AN ALLIANCE EV5 ) DEMOCRATIC P>TIES1 IMPOS$ ITSELF4 ,N[ CAPITALISM HAS 5T]$ ITS F9AL /AGE ( TRU/S1 DOM9ATION BY F9ANCE CAPITALISM1 & IMP]IALISM4 ,A CAPITALI/ WORLD CRISIS HAS APPE>$ & ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION IS POSSIBLE 9 SEV]AL C\NTRIES4 ,! PROLET>IAT N[ IMM$IATELY HAS TO SEP>ATE ITSELF FROM ! B\RGEOISIE & TAKE UP COMPLETELY 9DEP5D5T POSITIONS4 ,EV5 9 ! C\NTRIES :]E ! B\RGEOIS-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION AGA9 APPE>S AS PROVISIONALLY POSSIBLE1 AS 9 ,*9A OR ,9DIA4 ,= :5 COMMUNISM IS E/ABLI%$ 9 SEV]AL C\NTRIES1 AN AU!NTICALLY PROLET>IAN COMMUNISM1 NOT LIKE ?AT 9 ,RUSSIA1 IT WILL SO ATTRACT WORK]S ( ALL C\NTRIES ?AT IT WILL GR[ SO RAPIDLY 9 /R5G? & WILL QUICKLY GA9 GR\ND EV5 9 C\NTRIES :]E IT IS N[ IMPOSSIBLE1 & IT WILL W9 ! :OLE WORLD4 ,?IS 9 :Y ! WORK]S ( ALL C\NTRIES MU/ N[ PREP>E = !IR [N /RUGGLE AGA9/ !IR MA/]S1 ALSO KEEP+ !IR OP9IONS COMPLETELY DI/9CT FROM ?OSE ( ! B\RGEOIS-DEMOCRATIC & NATIONALI/ REVOLUTIONS 7#c74 ,AT ! PRES5T /AGE ( CAPITALISM !Y CAN ALSO MAKE A REVOLUTION>Y ALLIANCE ) !IR ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN BRO!RS & ?OSE 9 ,AM]ICA1 AS !Y >E NE>E/ TO VICTORY1 TO HAVE !M COME TO !IR AID & TO 9/ALL COMMUNISM 9 !IR C\NTRIES EQUALLY RAPIDLY4 ,! TACTIC ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL WAS & IS 9 OPPOSITION TO ?IS 9 ,ASIA4 ,AS 9 ,RUSSIA1 !Y ALLY ) ! PEASANTRY & DEMOCRATIC P>TIES ?AT WANT A NATIONAL REVOLUTION4 ,AS 9 ,RUSSIA & ,WE/ ,EUROPE IT BUILDS CAPITALISM 9 ,ASIA4 ,:5 ,L59 WAS /ILL A REVOLUTION>Y COMMUNI/1 HE HABITUALLY SAID ?AT ! ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN M>XI/S DID NOT WANT AN UPRIS+ 9 ,ASIA AS IT W\LD 5D ,WE/ ,EUROPEAN AFFLU5CE4 ,HE EV5 MADE ?IS REM>K TO ME ONCE4 ,I DID NOT REPLY !N AS ,I DID NOT KN[ ?AT IT WAS ,L59'S REAL POSITION4 ,N[ ,I %ALL REPLY TO HIM4 ,I HAVE ALWAYS1 BE=E1 LONG BE=E1 EV5 IMP]IALISM1 RECOMM5D$ ?AT1 AS !RE >E NO PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5TS 9 ,9DIA1 ONE MU/ DO EV]Y?+ TO CREATE ONE & ONE MU/ !N1 :5 !RE IS ONE1 SUPPORT IT BY PROPAG&A & ACTION4 ,ONE CAN /ILL F9D ?IS POSITION 9 MANY TEXTS ,I WROTE & SIGN$ &1 :AT IS MORE SIGNIFICANT1 ,I SUPPORT$ IT 9 ALL P>TIES ,I BELONG$ TO & :I* W]E ALSO ABLE TO PUT IT 9TO PRACTICE4 ,BUT N[ ,I ADD ?AT IT WAS NOT POSSIBLE BE=E ! W> :5 IT WAS NOT REALLY A QUE/ION ( REVOLUTION 9 ,9DIA OR ,ASIA1 ?AT A PROLET>IAN MOVEM5T MU/1 EV5 9 ?IS REVOLUTION1 TAKE A PLACE QUITE AP>T FROM ! NATIONALI/ MOVEM5T & MU/ NEV] SUBMIT TO IT NOR *ANGE ITS PROGRAM OR TACTIC = IT4 ,L59 & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL HAVE 9SPIR$ ! PROLET>IANS ( ,9DIA & ,*9A TO =M AN ALLIANCE ) ,ASIAN NATIONALI/ CAPITALISM & N[ ,I REPLY TO ,L593 NEV] HAVE WE SUPPORT$ CAPITALISM 9 ,EUROPE1 N[ WE PREA* REVOLT AGA9/ ,EUROPEAN CAPITALISM TO ! ,9DIANS4 ,BUT Y\1 Y\ SUPPORT RIS+ ,ASIAN CAPITALISM1 ?US Y\ PREA* ! SUBORD9ATION ( ! ,ASIAN PROLET>IAT TO ?IS NATIONALISM & CAPITALISM4 ,& ?IS IS NO WOND]6 ,BECAUSE CAPITALI/1 PEASANT ,RUSSIA MU/ WANT A CAPITALI/ ,ASIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL HAS APPLI$ ?IS TACTIC ( ,RUSSIA4 ,IT HAS TRANS=M$ ! PROLET>IANS ( ,9DIA & ,*9A 9TO 5EMIES ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,& IF ONE N[ ?9KS ?AT ,*9A1 ,DUT* & ,BRITI% ,9DIA =M ! L>GE/ P>T ( ! ,ASIAN POPULATION1 ?AT ,SIB]IA ALSO FOLL[S ,MOSC['S TACTIC1 ONE CAN CALMLY /ATE ?AT EV5 ! ,ASIAN PROLET>IAT HAS BECOME AN 5EMY ( ! WORLD REVOLUTION4 #e4 ,! WORLD PROLET>IAT ,& IF ONE CONSID]S N[ ?AT ! WORLD PROLET>IAT1 I4E4 ?AT ( ,EUROPE1 ,AM]ICA1 ,AU/RALIA1 ,AFRICA & ,ASIA IS L$ BY ! ,SECOND & ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONALS1 & ?AT ! =M] 7:I* WE HAVE NOT %[N7 AS WELL AS ! LATT] 7:I* WE HAVE %[N7 IS C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y1 ONE CAN QUIETLY AFFIRM ?AT ! PROLET>IAT ( ! :OLE WORLD IS N[ HO/ILE TO COMMUNISM4 #f4 ,ALL ! CLASSES ( ALL ! CAPITALI/ /ATES ,ONCE MORE ALL ! CLASSES ( ALL ! CAPITALI/ /ATES >E ! REVOLUTION'S FOES4 ,& ALSO ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL & ,MOSC[ HAVE DECEIV$ ! PROLET>IAT4 ,9 FACT ,MOSC[ & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL HAVE AGA9 PROPAGAT$ SEV]AL FALSE PR9CIPLES :I* PU%$ ! PROLET>IANS ( ,EUROPE & ,NOR? ,AM]ICA T[>DS A COMPLETELY FALSE TACTIC & CONSID]ABLY /R5G!N$ CAPITALISM4 ,!Y USE ABOVE ALL IDEAS PURSU$ BY ,L59 7SEE HIS OP9IONS ( ,ASQUI? & ,LLOYD ,GEORGE 9 HIS ',LEFT-W+ ,COMMUNISM'7 ON ! CLASS DIVISIONS & ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES 9 ! CAPITALI/ /ATES1 DIVISIONS ?AT ! COMMUNI/S C\LD USE1 DIVISIONS BETWE5 MON>*I/S & REPUBLICANS1 DEMOCRATS & REACTION>IES1 ETC44 ,NONE ( ?IS WAS AT ALL TRUE1 ALL ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES 79CLUD+ SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY1 ! 9DEP5D5TS1 ! ,LABOR ,P>TY ETC47 9 ALL C\NTRIES AT ALL TIMES =M$ AN ABSOLUTE COMPACT UNIT$ FRONT AGA9/ COMMUNISM4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! RISE ( ?IS TACTIC PUT ! PROLET>IAT AT FAULT DUR+ ! ,KAPP PUTS* & ,RA!NAU'S ASSASS9ATION4 ,IT CAME \T = ! REPUBLIC & AGA9/ ! MON>*Y 9/EAD ( EQUAT+ ! TWO & FIE NO ECONOMIC & POLITICAL ACTIONS :]E !Y CAN BE 9 AGREEM5T4 ,= US+ ! DIVISION BETWE5 B\RGEOIS P>TIES MEANS JO9+ ONE ( !M & =M+ AN ALLIANCE4 ,&1 AS ! CONTRADICTIONS >E ALSO IRRECONCILABLE ) ?IS ONE TOO1 SU* A TACTIC LEADS TO ! MO/ T]RIBLE DEFEATS & EV5 TO ! COMPLETE CORRUPTION ( ! COMMUNI/ P>TY :5 ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES TURN AGA9/ ! COMMUNI/S AT ! DECISIVE MOM5T4 ,! WELL KN[N FAI? 9 ! CAPACITY ( ! PEASANTS & ! MIDDLE CLASSES ALSO BELONGS TO !SE FALSE PR9CIPLES4 ,RUSSIA HAS DEP5D$ ON ?IS FAI? 9 ,EUROPE & BAS$ ITS TACTICS ON IT4 ,DESPITE ! V]Y GRAVE SITUATION 9 MANY ,EUROPEAN C\NTRIES1 ONE CANNOT SEE !SE ELEM5TS BE+ WON TO ! COMMUNI/-REVOLUTION>Y CAUSE ANYMORE4 ,?AT IS :Y ! TRUE REVOLUTION>IES KN[ ?AT A REVOLUTION>Y TACTIC :I* MU/ PREP>E ! BEG9N+ & ! C\RSE ( ! WORLD REVOLUTION1 MU/ NOT DEP5D ON !SE CLASSES1 EV5 ?\< FRACTIONS ( !M WILL JO9 ! PROLET>IAT AT ! 5D :5 ITS VICTORY IS C]TA94 ,& ?IS TACTIC ( ALLIANCE ) ! PEASANT-B\RGEOIS P>TIES ALSO PROVES ! PEASANT-CAPITALI/ NATURE ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION4 ,IT WAS ACCEPT$ BY ! ,EUROPEAN WORK]S ONLY BECAUSE !Y W]E AGA9 EQUALLY B\RGEOIS4 ,! ,RUSSIANS1 AS B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION>IES1 WANT$ COMPROMISE 9 ,WE/ ,EUROPE = FE> ( ! REALLY PROLET>IAN ELEM5TS4 ,!Y RECOMM5D$ COMPROMISES TO ! COMMUNI/S 9/EAD ( A TRULY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION4 ,BUT ?AT IS NOT AT ALL PROLET>IAN6 ,A TRULY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION C\NTS ON ITSELF & WILL FI*I/S1 REACTION>IES1 & REPUBLICANS4 ,CONSEQU5TLY LIB]ALS & CONS]VATIVES1 DEMOCRATS1 SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS1 MON>*I/S1 REACTION>IES & REPUBLICANS >E ALL EQUALLY ITS 5EMIES4 #g4 ,ALL ! /ATES ( ! CAPITALI/ WORLD ,& :AT IS TRUE = ALL ! CLASSES ( ! CAPITALI/ /ATES IS ALSO TRUE = !SE /ATES !MSELVES4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 COMMUNI/S MU/ ALSO TAKE P>T 9 ! DIVISIONS BETWE5 B\RGEOIS /ATES4 ,= YE>S ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL'S PUBLICATIONS E*O$ ! ?REAT ( A NEW W> BETWE5 !SE /ATES4 ,MOSC['S PROCLAMATIONS ALWAYS CONTA9 ?IS LANGUAGE4 ,& A NEW REVOLUTION WILL BREAK \T FOLL[+ ?IS W>6 ,ONE WILL !N RE/ORE ! C\RAGE ( ! PROLET>IAT ) ! OLD FANF>E ON ! P[] ( ! PROLET>IAT & ! OLD 9SULT 7BUT S\ND+ FALSE & >TIFICIAL7 ( ! 5EMIES4 ,A REAL REVOLUTION>Y W\LD NOT TAKE P>T 9 ?AT4 ,= ! TRU? IS ?AT ! CAPITALI/ /ATES1 I4E4 ,5GL&1 ,FRANCE1 ,G]MANY1 ,ITALY1 ,RUSSIA1 & ! ,U,S,A >E PASS+ FROM ! FIR/ TO ! LA/ /AGE ( ! CRISIS LEAD+ TO W>1 ?AT !Y >E ALL TOGE!R OPPOS$ TO COMMUNISM & ?AT1 IF ! REVOLUTION COMES1 !Y WILL 5D ) W>'S CONFUSION TO DEAL ) COMMUNISM4 ,! PROLET>IAT1 ! REALLY REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT1 ACTS WISELY :5 IT DECIDES ON ITS TACTICS = ! UNIT$ FRONT ( CAPITALISM1 DESPITE ALL ! DISAGREEM5TS AMONG ITS SECTIONS4 ,9 ANSW] ONE CAN SAY ?AT CAPITALISM IS UNIT$ & COMMUNISM CANNOT COMPROMISE ) ONE ( ITS P>TIES4 ,BUT EV5 ?IS COMPROMISE TACTIC ) ! B\RGEOIS /ATES 7BECAUSE ! HOPE ( DIVISION BETWE5 !M LEADS TO ?IS7 ORIG9ATES 9 ! ,RUSSIAN B\RGEOIS REVOLUTION4 ,?IS NECESS>ILY LEADS TO COMPROMISES & ALLIANCES ) ,G]MANY OR ,BRITA91 ) ,TURKEY OR ! ,ASIAN /ATES ?AT >E AWAK5+ TO NATIONAL CAPITALISM1 BECAUSE NATIONAL CAPITALISM HAS TO BE RE/OR$ 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,BUT A REALLY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION WILL MAKE NO ALLIANCES ) ! B\RGEOIS /ATES4 ,?IS ALLIANCE1 AS WELL AS ! ALLIANCE ) B\RGEOIS P>TIES1 WILL ALWAYS 5D 9 DEFEAT 7#d74 ,?IS REVOLUTION WILL ALLY ONLY ) REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IANS 9 O!R C\NTRIES4 ,?IS :OLE POLICY1 BAS$ ON ! DIVISION BETWE5 B\RGEOIS /ATES1 IS ONLY GR&IOSE 9 APPE>ANCE1 9 REALITY IT REPRES5TS HABITUAL RE=MISM4 ,BUT N[ ON A WORLD SCALE & NOT NATIONALLY AS BE=E4 ,IT IS NO LESS VULG> ?AN ! O!R4 ,TRULY1 ALL CAPITALI/ /ATES >E UNI=MLY HO/ILE TO COMMUNISM4 ,TOGE!R !Y WILL ATTACK ALL C\NTRIES :]E COMMUNISM IS VICTORI\S AS !Y ATTACK$ ,RUSSIA :5 IT WAS /ILL P>TIALLY COMMUNI/4 #h4 ,ONCE AGA9 ON ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL ,WE >E RETURN+ TO ! SUBJECT ( ,RUSSIA TO UND]/& MORE CLE>LY ?IS =CE OPPOS+ ! WORLD REVOLUTION1 BUT :I* TRIES TO APPE> TO FAVOR IT4 ,BECAUSE N[ IT IS ! MO/ 9FAM\S OPPON5T ( ! WORLD REVOLUTION & ! MO/ DANG]\S4 ,PRECISELY BECAUSE IT TRIES TO APPE> TO *]I% IT4 ,! ,KRON/ADT REVOLT BROKE \T4 ,RUSSIA HAD TO RETURN TO FULL CAPITALISM4 ,ONE C\LD SAY ?AT1 SUBJECTIVELY1 ! :OLE REVOLUTION VANI%$1 ITS F\NDATIONS1 MEASURES & PREP>ATION1 FROM ! SIDE ( ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,RUSSIA SIGN$ CONTRACTS ) /ATES & PRIVATE 9DIVIDUALS & HAS GONE OV] TO CAPITALI/ RECON/RUCTION ?ANKS TO TRU/S1 MIX$ 5T]PRISES1 CONCESSIONS1 RECOGNITION ( 9DU/RIAL PROP]TY RIGE SCALE4 ,COMMUNISM TOTALLY DISAPPE>$1 ALL ?AT WAS LEFT WAS ! V]Y SMALL GOAL ( /ATE CAPITALISM -- CONSUMPTION4 ,& N[ ,EUROPE MU/ FOLL[6 ,!RE TOO COMMUNISM MU/ DISAPPE>4 ,?AT IS TO SAY ?AT ONLY ! COMMUNI/ PHRASES & TEA*+S = ! PROLET>IAT REMA91 O!RWISE IT C\LD REVOLT AGA9/ ,RUSSIA4 ,?AT C\LD NOT BE ALL[$ S9CE ,RUSSIA WANT$ TO RECEIVE AS MU* =EIGN AID AS POSSIBLE = CAPITALI/ RECON/RUCTION4 ,COMMUNI/ PHRASES REMA9$1 !RE=E1 BUT ! ACTION WAS ABSOLUTELY CAPITALI/4 ,CAPITALI/ ,RUSSIA C\LD NO LONG] SUPPORT A REVOLUTION 9 ,G]MANY OR ,5GL& BECAUSE IT W\LD MEAN ! DECL9E ( ?IS C\NTRY ALREADY SO EXHAU/$ REG>D+ CAPITALISM4 ,SO1 F9I%$ ) ! REVOLUTION 9 ,EUROPE6 ,ALL ?IS IS :AT1 !N1 BEGAN ?IS T]RIBLE DECEPTION ( ! ,EUROPEAN & WORLD PROLET>IAT1 ?IS DIALOGUE ) A D\BLE MEAN+ :I* TALKS SIMULTANE\SLY ( ! OV]?R[ & ! RECON/RUCTION ( CAPITALISM1 :I* ADVOCATES OV]?R[ & RE=MS1 :I* SIMULTANE\SLY SAYS ?AT RE=MS >E IMPOSSIBLE BUT MAKES ! REVOLUTION IMPOSSIBLE BY ! PROGRAM ( RE=MS4 ,IT IS ?US ?AT ! GAME ( PROGRAMS & COMPROMISES WILL BEG93 LEGAL FACTORY C\NCILS1 CONTROL OV] PRODUCTION1 ACC\NT+ ( MAT]IAL VALUES1 WORK]S' GOV]NM5T ETC41 :I* >E IMPOSSIBLE 9 SO F> AS !SE RE=MS CAN ONLY BE A*IEV$ ?R\< REVOLUTION1 BUT ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL PRAISE !M AS MEASURES PREC$+ ! REVOLUTION4 ,ONE SE>*ES = SAFEGU>DS 9 !SE SLOGANS = ! APPE>ANCE ( ! REVOLUTION1 BUT 9 FACT1 BY ?IS DECEPTION1 !Y WANT TO BUILD CAPITALISM & /OP ! REVOLUTION4 ,& F9ALLY ONE ASSEMBLES ! MEANS ( CA/RAT+ ! REVOLUTION 9 ONE PR9CIPLE3 ! UNIT$ FRONT ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,UNITY1 FROM ! ,NOSKES1 ,S*EIDEMANNS & ,HILF]D+S TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,! TALK IS REVOLUTION>Y1 = A UNIT$ FRONT IS C]TA9LY NE$$ = ! REVOLUTION2 BUT ONLY ! COMMUNI/ UNIT$ FRONT4 ,! ACTION IS CAPITALI/1 = CAPITALISM NE$S A UNIT$ C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y FRONT1 FROM ! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS TO ! COMMUNI/S4 ,?IS SLOGAN SURPASSES 9 ITS DUPLICITY ALL ?AT HAS YET HAPP5$ 9 ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T4 ,IT IS ! RIGOR\S EMANATION ( ! ,RUSSIAN CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION 9 ITS D\BLE S5SE4 ,& ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL TAKES UP ?IS %IBBOLE?6 ,& ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,G]MANY1 :]E ! REVOLUTION IS A CON/ANT ?REAT1 ADOPTS IT6 ,?IS %IBBOLE?2 ! UNITY ( WORK]S :O DO NOT WANT ! SOME ?+1 :O >E MO/LY /ILL TOTALLY DEP5D5T ON CAPITALI/ IDEOLOGY2 IS ! PURE/ & MO/ AU!NTIC CAPITALI/ ME?OD TO LEAD ! UN>M$ PROLET>IAT \T BE=E MA*9E GUNS1 BE=E :I* IT W\LD NOT BE REALLY UNIT$1 & TO A MASSACRE ( SU* A *>ACT] ?AT ! ,COMMUNE MASSACRE1 ! ,F9NI% & ,HUNG>IAN REVOLUTIONS W\LD BE *ILD'S PLAY BY COMP>ISON4 ,SU* A UNIT$ FRONT1 UNIT+ ! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS & COMMUNI/S1 W\LD 9 FACT GU>ANTEE ! PROLET>IAT'S DEFEAT4 ,! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS W\LD DROP ! COMMUNI/S AS SOON AS FIIAN MASSACRE IS C]TA9 7#e74 ,?IS ORD] WAS ! F9AL SECTION ( ! ,MOSC[ TACTIC4 ,IT WAS ! LA/ WORD ( ! ,RUSSIAN CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION4 ,IT %[$ ?AT ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 :I* WI%$ TO BUILD CAPITALISM :ILE CALL+ = REVOLUTION & LEAD+ ! PROLET>IAT TO DE/RUCTION BY US+ :AT IT HAD ?AT WAS MO/ SACR$1 >E ! MO/ IMPORTANT 5EMIES ( ! WORLD REVOLUTION 7#f74 #i4 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK]S' ,9T]NATIONAL ,WE HAVE %[N ! EFFECTS ( ! WORLD W> & ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION ON ! WORLD PROLET>IAT & H[ ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION PROJECT$ ITSELF BO? EA/W>DS & WE/4 ,WE HAVE SE5 H[ ,RUSSIA1 AN AGRICULTURAL & ONLY V]Y SLIIAT4 ,WE HAVE SE5 ?AT IT SUPPORT$ ! ,ASIAN PEOPLE 9 !IR NATIONALI/ /RUGGLE = CAPITALI/ FRE$OM2 WE HAVE ALSO SE5 ?AT IT PROPELL$ ! ,ASIAN PROLET>IANS 9TO ?IS NATIONALI/ BATTLE = CAPITALI/ FRE$OM1 9 ALLIANCE ) ! RIS+ CAPITALISM1 SO = ! RECON/RUCTION ( WORLD CAPITALISM4 ,WE HAVE ALSO SE5 ?AT ,RUSSIA ALSO TRI$ TO A*IEVE ! RECON/RUCTION ( CAPITALISM 9 ,EUROPE1 ,AM]ICA1 ,AFRICA1 ,AU/RALIA BY MEANS ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 ?AT IT RECOMM5D$ A FALSE TACTIC 7FALSE FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( REVOLUTION7 TO ! ,EUROPEAN & WORLD PROLET>IAT1 ALWAYS BY MEANS ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL3 SUPPORT = CAPITALI/ TRADE UNIONS1 CAPITALI/ P>LIAM5T>IANISM1 CAPITALI/ DICTATOR%IP BY P>TY OR LEAD]S4 ,! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL ADOPT$ ?IS TACTIC & ?US BETRAY$ ! WORLD PROLET>IAT1 ! WORLD REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS ?US ?AT WE HAVE SE5 ,RUSSIA1 ?IS BUTT-5D BETWE5 ,EA/ & ,WE/1 & ITS CREATION1 ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL1 CONCUR 9 ! ,EA/1 9 ,ASIA1 9 HELP+ 9 ! CREATION ( A NEW & HUGE CAPITALISM2 9 ! ,WE/1 9 ,EUROPE & ,AM]ICA1 & 9 ! O!R P>TS ( ! ,WORLD1 ,AFRICA & ,AU/RALIA1 TO ! MA9T5ANCE & EXT5SION ( OLD CAPITALISM4 ,?AT ?US1 9 ORD] TO DEF9E ITSELF BY A S+LE CLE> WORD1 ,RUSSIA & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL 9TRODUC$ A NEW RE=MISM1 WORLD RE=MISM1 RE=MISM ON A WORLD SCALE4 ,?AT ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL DOES NOT DIFF]5TIATE ITSELF FROM ! ,SECOND BUT = ! LATT]'S RE=MISM BE+ NATIONAL1 :ILE ! =M]'S IS 9T]NATIONAL4 ,WE HAVE SE5 ?AT1 GIV5 ?AT ! WORLD PROLET>IAT IS L$ ON ! FIVE CONT95TS BY ! ,SECOND & ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONALS1 AFT] ! WORLD W> & ! REVOLUTION 9 ,RUSSIA1 ?IS SELF-SAME WORLD PROLET>IAT IS AGA9 TODAY ! 5EMY ( ! WORLD REVOLUTION4 ,WE HAVE ALSO SE5 ?AT ALL ! CAPITALI/ CLASSES ( ALL ! CAPITALI/ /ATES >E RE-UNIT$ AGA9/ ! PROLET>IAN-COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION4 ,& ALL ! CAPITALI/ /ATES & ?OSE WI%+ TO BECOME CAPITALI/ WILL BE UNIT$ PEL-MEL & WILL BE = ! 5D ( W> & WILL MAKE COMMON CAUSE ! 9/ANT ?AT ! COMMUNI/ REVOLUTION BECOMES REALITY4 ,F9ALLY1 WE HAVE SE5 ?AT ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL & ,RUSSIA HAVE APPEAL$ = A UNIT$ FRONT ) CAPITALI/ SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY & WILL !RE=E ?R[ ! PROLET>IAT 9TO ! ABYSS & WILL CR[N !IR WORK ( CAPITALI/ RECON/RUCTION1 L$ BY ,RUSSIA4 ,H]E1 TRAC$ 9 BOLD \TL9E FROM ,EA/ TO ,WE/1 SO = ! WORLD1 AS IT APPE>S 9 ! LIIAT HAS BECOME UND] ?IS 9FLU5CE4 ,C]TA9LY WE SEE AN AWFUL VI/A4 ,IT IS ?US ?AT A ONCE MORE =MIDABLY P[]FUL CAPITALISM1 ) ITS =CES MULTIPLI$ T5-FOLD BY ! DEADLY FRIIAT IS FAC$ ACROSS T]RIBLE MIS]Y ?AT HAS ALREADY PU%$ MANY C\NTRIES T[>DS REVOLUTION1 & ! PROLET>IAT HAS F\ND A LEAD]3 ,RUSSIA1 :I*1 BECAUSE ( ITS PRODUCTION & CLASS RELATIONS1 IS DIRECT$ T[>DS CAPITALISM & CON/RUCTS IT4 ,IT HAS CONFID5CE 9 ?IS LEAD] = HI/ORICAL REASONS4 ,IT IS ITS [N FAULT ?AT IT WAS ! MO/ TRAGIC SITUATION ?AT A CLASS C\LD 5C\NT] 9 A REVOLUTION2 TO KN[ ?AT IT V]BALLY PROCLAIM$ ! OV]?R[ ( CAPITALISM1 BUT REALLY CON/RUCTS IT4 ,A SITUATION ) A D\BLE MEAN+ ?AT CAN ONLY LEAD TO SLAV]Y & DEA?4 ,A PROLET>IAT :I* HAS BE5 RE-UNIT$ BY ?IS LEAD] & ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL 9TO ORGANIZATIONS & P>TIES ?AT >E C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y & WILL BETRAY ! PROLET>IAT 9 /RUGGLE4 ,!Y HAVE LI$ 9 TELL+ ! PROLET>IAT ?AT ! 5EMY IS V]Y FEEBLE & ?AT ! ,EA/ WILL COME TO ITS AID4 ,:5 ITS ADV]S>IES US$ EXCEPTIONAL ORGANIZATIONS = /RUGGLE1 IT DID NOT4 ,IT 9/EAD WANT$ TO REALIZE A UNIT$ FRONT ( TRUMP]Y :I* UNIT$ HO/ILE ELEM5TS4 ,ITS ADV]S>IES W]E COMP5SAT$ BY A REAL UNIT$ NATIONAL FRONT AGA9/ IT 9 ALL !SE C\NTRIES1 A FRONT ?AT WAS FULLY UNIT$4 ,& IT WILL BECOME 9T]NATIONAL AS SOON AS ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION APPE>S4 ,! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT WILL !N PRES5T ITSELF AS A FLOCK ( %EEP AT ! BUT*]S4 ,?IS IS :Y ! ,K,A,I CALLS = ! =MATION ( A REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION AGA9/ ?IS GREAT 5EMY1 AGA9/ WORLD CAPITAL1 ,RUSSIA1 ! ,?IRD & ,SECOND ,9T]NATIONALS4 ,IT DOES NOT WANT TRADE UNIONS BUT FACTORY ORGANIZATIONS1 NOT P>LIAM5T>Y P>TIES BUT WORK]S' C\NCILS 7SOVIETS71 NOT A P>TY BUT A CLASS DICTATOR%IP4 ,= ! SIGN ( VICTORY = IT IS ! SOVIET4 ,IT WI%ES TO *ANGE ALL ! PROLET>IANS ( ,EUROPE1 ,AM]ICA1 ,ASIA1 ,AFRICA1 & ,AU/RALIA 9TO CONSCI\S COMMUNI/S BY MEANS ( !SE NEW ORGANIZATIONS4 ,IT DOES NOT WI% TO COMPROMISE ) SOCIAL-DEMOCRATS OR O!R WORK]S' P>TIES1 :I* IT CONSID]S AS CAPITALI/ 5EMIES4 ,IT DOES NOT WANT TO COMPROMISE ) A CAPITALI/ P>TY OR /ATE BECAUSE IT KN[S ?AT !Y >E MORTAL 5EMIES4 ,IT WI%ES TO UNITE ! PROLET>IAT = A FRONTAL ATTACK ON CAPITALISM1 A /RUGGLE ?AT ! PROLET>IAT WILL BE CONSCI\S ( 9 ITS MEAN+1 MEANS & 5D & SO WILL LEAD BY ITS FULL CONSCI\SNESS & AUTONOM\S ACTIVITY4 ,! ,K,A,I WI%ES TO >\SE A NEW SPIRIT 9 ! PROLET>IAT1 ! COMMUNI/ SPIRIT1 & SO LEAD ! REVOLUTION & LEAD IT TO VICTORY4 ,FOOTNOTES3 7#a74 ,AN UNUSUAL FUNCTION ( ,L59 & HIS COMRADES4 ,ON ONE H& !Y %[$ ! WAY TO COMMUNISM TO ! WORLD PROLET>IAT1 ON ! O!R !Y P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! REE/ABLI%M5T ( WORLD CAPITAL 9 ,RUSSIA & ,ASIA1 )\T M5TION+ ! RE/ ( ! MA9LY PEASANT WORLD4 ,= \R P>T1 WE W]E ALWAYS MORE WILL+ TO ACCEPT ! TRUE COMMUNISM ( ! ,5GLI%1 ,G]MAN1 & ,AM]ICAN WORK]S4 7#b74 ,TURKEY1 ! ALLY ( ! ,COMMUNI/ 767 ,P>TY ( ,RUSSIA1 HAS ALREADY S5T5C$ COMMUNI/S TO DEA?4 7#c74 ,?IS IS 9H]5T TO ! COLLAPSE ( ,5GLI% & ,DUT* P[] 9 ! ,9DIES ?R\< A NATIONALI/-CAPITALI/ REVOLUTION4 ,SOCIETY IS DIVID$ 9TO CLASSES4 ,DIVISION 7AS 9 ,IREL&71 CORRUPTION 7AS 9 ,EGYPT7 & F9ALLY COMPROMISES >E AVAILABLE TO ! ,DUT* & ,5GLI%4 ,A MIX$ GOV]NM5T ( ,EUROPEANS & NATIVES W\LD P]HAPS BE ! RESULT4 ,?US ! WORK]S MU/ BE FULLY 9DEP5D5T4 7#d74 ,IT IS SUFFICI5T TO READ ! PROCLAMATION ( ! ,CONGRESS ( ! ,?IRD ,9T]NATIONAL AT ! ,CONGRESS ( ,TRADE ,UNIONS 9 ,BRITI% ,9DIA4 ,ONE F9DS ! ABOVE SLOGANS4 ,( COMMUNISM1 NOT A WORD4 7,SEE ',! ,COMMUNI/'1 #c4#a#b4#b#b47 7#e74 ,:5 ,K>L ,LIEBKNE*T & HIS SMALL GR\P /RUGGL$ 9 ?AT HI/ORIC H\R 9 ! ,ZIRKUS ,BUS* AGA9/ ! FALLACY ( ! 'UNIT$ FRONT'1 HE ALREADY SAW ! GUNS COLDLY AIM$ AT HIM & ! CR[D %\T ',UNITY6'4 ,?IS WAS & IS ! SLOGAN ( ! C\NT]-REVOLUTION4 ,K>L ,LIEBKNE*T'S SLOGAN WAS ',CL>ITY N[1 UNITY LAT]'4 ,CL>ITY ON ! IMM$IATE TASKS ( ! WORK+ CLASS ?AT EXPRESS$ !MSELVES ?US3 ',! FACTORIES TO US6 ,! L& TO US6 ,D[N ) CAPITALI/ PRIVATE PROP]TY6 ,ALL P[] TO ! WORK]S' C\NCILS6 ,DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT6' ,!SE >E ! WORDS ( ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION6 ,?IS IS ! ONLY SALVATION = ! WORK+ CLASS4 7#f74 ,RUSSIA1 ) ITS D\BLE REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT]1 LOOKS T]RIBLE N[4 ,IT LIES LIKE A HUGE WRECK ON ! BEA*1 BROK5 BY ITS REVOLUTION4 ,ONCE A SMALL LIFEBOAT PUT \T TO SAVE PROLET>IAN ,RUSSIA4 ,?AT LIFEBOAT WAS ! ,K,A,P,D1 ! BE/ &1 NOT SO LONG-AGO1 ! L>G] FACTION ( ! ,SP>TAKUSBUND1 ) ITS REALLY REVOLUTION>Y NEW PR9CIPLES = ! WORLD REVOLUTION4 ,BUT ,RUSSIA & ! ,BOL%EVIK GOV]NM5T SCORN$ ! ,K,A,P,D & REFUS$ ITS HELP4 ,IT PREF]R$ A HIDE\S MOB ( WORK]S & CAPITALI/S ASSEMBL$ ON ! BEA* :O EI!R APPLAUD$ OR 9SULT$ IT1 BUT EI!R C\LD NOT OR W\LD NOT HELP PROLET>IAN ,RUSSIA4 ,LAT] ,RUSSIA CAPITULAT$ TO ! CR[D & RETURN$ TO CAPITALISM ) IT4 ,?AT WAS :AT IT BASICALLY WANT$ TO DO AS ITS CAPITALI/ *>ACT] WAS 9F9ITELY /RONG] ?AN ITS PROLET>IAN ONE4 ,IT HAS %[N CLE>E/ ! NON-PROLET>IAN *>ACT] ( ITS REVOLUTION BY REJECT+ ! G5U9ELY REVOLUTION>Y & PROLET>IAN AID COM+ FROM ,EUROPE1 & ?US ! SALVATION ( ITS [N PROLET>IAT & ?AT ( ! WORLD4 ,C\LD ONE HAVE A CLE>] DEMON/RATION ?AN ?AT ( A GOV]NM5T BAS$ ON ! PROLET>IAT ?AT REFUSES ! ONLY WAY TO LIB]ATION = ?AT PROLET>IAT & ?AT ( ! WORLD8 ,WE W\LD ADVISE \R ,RUSSIAN COMRADES ( !SE FACTS ON ! ,BOL%EVIKS & ! ,SOVIET GOV]NM5T3 ! IMPOSITION ( A C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM ON ,EUROPE & ! REJECTION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ONE4 ,SAY TO ?IS P>TY & GOV]NM5T1 AT LEA/ ON \R ADVICE2 Y\ HAVE AS A PROLET>IAN P>TY & GOV]NM5T ACCOMPLI%$ SOME HUGE LEAD]%IP TASKS & AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS LIKELY ?AT SOME ]RORS W]E MADE A %ORT TIME AGO1 ?AT ONLY \R ,RUSSIAN COMRADES C\LD KN[4 ,WE >E UNABLE TO JUDGE !M CLE>LY1 SO WE %ALL LEAVE IT UNDEF9$4 ,?AT Y\ DID NOT REALIZE EV]Y?+ ?+ 9 A PROLET>IAN-COMMUNI/ MANN]1 ?AT Y\ RETREAT$ :5 ! ,EUROPEAN REVOLUTION WAS DELAY$1 !SE W]E NOT Y\R FAULT4 ,BUT ! MORE Y\ RETURN TO CAPITALISM1 ! MORE WE1 ! PROLET>IANS1 WILL FIY PROGRAM & TACTIC ON ! WORLD PROLET>IAT1 & Y\ REJECT$ ! REALLY REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM :I* C\LD HAVE SAV$ Y\4 ,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK]S' ,9T]NATIONAL -- ,ADD$4 ,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,WORK]S' ,9T]NATIONAL -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/