,! ,AN>*I/ ,T5SION 

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,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALFR$O ,M>IA ,BONANNO 

,TEXT 3 

,I AM ALWAYS SOME:AT EMB>RASS$ :5 ,I BEG9 A TALK1 AT LEA/ TO />T )4 ,& ?IS EMB>RASSM5T 9CREASES 9 ! CASE ( :AT WE MI/AK5LY CALL CONF]5CES1 OR AS ONE MORE MODE/LY TRIES TO CAM\FLAGE !M1 CONF]5CE-DEBATES4 ,AFT] ALL1 IT IS A QUE/ION ( SOMEONE TURN+ UP FROM ELSE:]E1 P]HAPS FROM ANO!R G5]ATION1 AS ?\< !Y HAVE RA9$ 9 FROM ! PA/4 ,SOMEONE :O /&S 9 ?IS CLASSROOM TO GIVE A TALK & /RANGELY1 EV5 DANG]\SLY1 RESEMBLES ?OSE :O HAMM] Y\R BRA9S ) QUITE DIFF]5T 9T5TIONS4 ,IF Y\ LI/5 C>EFULLY H[EV] Y\ WILL F9D ?AT1 BEYOND APPE>ANCES1 !RE IS A CONSID]ABLE DIFF]5CE 9 ! CONCEPTS ,I AM AB\T TO \TL9E4 

,! FIR/ ( !SE CONCEPTS TAKES ! =M ( A QUE/ION3 ,:AT IS AN>*ISM8 ,IT MI<T SEEM /RANGE ?AT ,I %\LD TAKE UP SU* A PROBLEM 9 ?IS SITUATION AS ,I KN[ = C]TA9 ?AT !RE >E MANY AN>*I/S H]E1 BECAUSE ,I KN[ !M P]SONALLY4 ,& IF NO?+ ELSE1 AN>*I/S %\LD AT LEA/ KN[ :AT AN>*ISM IS4 ,YET IT IS NECESS>Y TO TAKE UP ! QUE/ION ',:AT IS AN>*ISM8' TIME & TIME AGA94 ,EV5 9 A FEW WORDS4 ,:Y IS ?AT8 ,?IS DOES NOT NORMALLY HAPP5 9 O!R EXPRESSIONS ( LIFE1 9 O!R ACTIVITIES OR IDEAS ?AT DEF9E !MSELVES ) SOME F\NDATION TO BE SOME?+ OR O!R4 

,SO AN>*I/S KEEP ASK+ !MSELVES ! SAME QUE/ION3 ,:AT IS AN>*ISM8 ,:AT DOES IT MEAN TO BE AN AN>*I/8 ,:Y8 ,BECAUSE IT IS NOT A DEF9ITION ?AT CAN BE MADE ONCE & = ALL1 PUT 9 A SAFE & CONSID]$ A H]ITAGE TO BE TAPP$ LITTLE BY LITTLE4 ,BE+ AN AN>*I/ DOES NOT MEAN ONE HAS REA*$ A C]TA9TY OR SAID ONCE & = ALL1 ',!RE1 FROM N[ ON ,I HOLD ! TRU? & AS SU*1 AT LEA/ FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! IDEA1 ,I AM A PRIVILEG$ P]SON'4 ,ANYONE :O ?9KS LIKE ?IS IS AN AN>*I/ 9 WORD ALONE4 ,9/EAD ! AN>*I/ IS SOMEONE :O REALLY PUTS !MSELVES 9 D\BT AS SU*1 AS A P]SON1 & ASKS !MSELVES3 ,:AT IS MY LIFE ACCORD+ TO :AT ,I DO & 9 RELATION TO :AT ,I ?9K8 ,:AT CONNECTION DO ,I MANAGE TO MAKE EA* DAY 9 EV]Y?+ ,I DO1 A WAY ( BE+ AN AN>*I/ CONT9UALLY & NOT COME TO AGREEM5TS1 MAKE LITTLE DAILY COMPROMISES1 ETC8 ,AN>*ISM IS NOT A CONCEPT ?AT CAN BE LOCK$ UP 9 A WORD LIKE A GRAVE/ONE4 ,IT IS NOT A POLITICAL !ORY4 ,IT IS A WAY ( CONCEIV+ LIFE1 & LIFE1 Y\NG OR OLD AS WE MAY BE1 :E!R WE >E OLD PEOPLE OR *ILDR51 IS NOT SOME?+ F9AL3 IT IS A /AKE WE MU/ PLAY DAY AFT] DAY4 ,:5 WE WAKE UP 9 ! MORN+ & PUT \R FEET ON ! GR\ND WE MU/ HAVE A GOOD REASON = GETT+ UP1 IF WE DON'T IT MAKES NO DIFF]5CE :E!R WE >E AN>*I/S OR NOT4 ,WE MI<T AS WELL /AY 9 B$ & SLEEP4 ,& TO HAVE A GOOD REASON WE MU/ KN[ :AT WE WANT TO DO BECAUSE = AN>*ISM1 = ! AN>*I/1 !RE IS NO DIFF]5CE BETWE5 :AT WE DO & :AT WE ?9K1 BUT !RE IS A CONT9UAL REV]SAL ( !ORY 9TO ACTION & ACTION 9TO !ORY4 ,?AT IS :AT MAKES ! AN>*I/ UNLIKE SOMEONE :O HAS ANO!R CONCEPT ( LIFE & CRY/ALLIZES ?IS CONCEPT 9 A POLITICAL PRACTICE1 9 POLITICAL !ORY4 

,?IS IS :AT IS NOT NORMALLY SAID TO Y\1 ?IS IS :AT Y\ NEV] READ 9 ! NEWSPAP]S1 ?IS IS :AT IS NOT WRITT5 9 BOOKS1 ?IS IS :AT S*OOL JEAL\SLY KEEPS QUIET AB\T1 BECAUSE ?IS IS ! SECRET ( LIFE3 NEV] EV] SEP>ATE ?\<T FROM ACTION1 ! ?+S WE KN[1 ! ?+S WE UND]/&1 FROM ! ?+S WE DO1 ! ?+S ) :I* WE C>RY \T \R ACTIONS4 

,H]E IS :AT DI/+UI%ES A POLITICIAN FROM AN AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y4 ,NOT ! WORDS1 NOT ! CONCEPTS &1 ALL[ ME1 9 C]TA9 ASPECTS NOT EV5 ! ACTIONS BECAUSE IT IS NOT !IR EXTREME -- LET US SAY RADICAL -- CONCLUSION 9 ATTACK ?AT DIFF]5TIATES & *>ACT]IZES ACTIONS4 ,IT IS NOT EV5 ACCURACY 9 ! *OICE ( OBJECTIVE ?AT QUALIFIES !M BUT IT IS ! WAY 9 :I* ! P]SON1 ! COMRADE :O C>RIES \T !SE ACTIONS1 SUCCE$S 9 MAK+ !M BECOME AN EXPRESSIVE MOM5T ( !IR LIVES1 A SPECIFIC *>ACT]IZATION1 MEAN+1 QUALITY ( LIFE1 JOY1 DESIRE1 BEAUTY1 NOT ! PRACTICAL REALIZATION1 NOT ! SULL5 REALIZATION ( A DE$ ?AT IS MORTALLY AN 5D 9 ITSELF & 5ABLES ONE TO SAY2 ',I HAVE DONE SOME?+ TODAY' F> FROM MYSELF1 AT ! P]IPH]Y ( MY EXI/5CE4 

,!RE1 ?AT IS ONE DIFF]5CE4 ,& FROM ?IS DIFF]5CE ANO!R EM]GES1 A CONSID]ABLE ONE 9 MY OP9ION4 ,ANYONE :O ?9KS ?AT ?+S TO BE DONE >E \TSIDE \RSELVES & >E REALIZ$ AS A NUMB] ( SUCCESSES & FAILURES -- LIFE IS A /AIRCASE1 AT TIMES Y\ GO UP1 AT TIMES Y\ GO D[N4 ,!RE >E TIMES :5 ?+S GO WELL1 & TIMES :5 !Y GO BADLY4 ,!RE1 :OEV] ?9KS LIFE IS MADE UP ( SU* ?+S3 = EXAMPLE1 ! CLASSIC FIGURE ( ! DEMOCRATIC POLITICIAN 7= GOODNESS' SAKE1 SOMEONE Y\ CAN TALK TO1 A FRI5DLY GUY1 TOL]ANT :O HAS A P]MISSIVE SIDE TO HIM1 BELIEVES 9 PROGRESS1 9 ! FUTURE1 9 A BETT] SOCIETY1 9 FRE$OM7 WELL1 A P]SON LIKE ?IS1 PROBABLY NOT WE>+ A D\BLE-BREA/$ JACKET1 NO TIE1 SO CASUAL1 A P]SON :O CLOSE UP LOOKS LIKE A COMRADE & :O HIMSELF DECL>ES HE IS A COMRADE1 ?IS P]SON C\LD V]Y WELL BE A COP1 IT MAKES NO DIFF]5CE4 ,:Y NOT8 ,!RE >E DEMOCRATIC POLICEM51 ! ]A ( UNI=M REPRESSION IS OV]1 REPRESSION HAS FRI5DLY ASPECTS TODAY1 !Y REPRESS US ) LOTS ( BRILLIANT IDEAS4 ,H[ CAN WE ID5TIFY ?IS P]SON !N1 ?IS DEMOCRAT1 H[ CAN WE RECOGNIZE HIM8 ,& IF HE PULLS ! WOOL OV] \R EYES TO PREV5T US FROM SEE+ HIM1 H[ CAN WE DEF5D \RSELVES FROM HIM8 ,WE CAN ID5TIFY HIM ?R\< ?IS FACT3 ?AT = HIM LIFE IS REALIZATION1 HIS LIFE IS MADE UP ( DO+ ?+S1 A QUANTITATIVE DO+ ?AT UNFOLDS BE=E HIS EYES1 & NO?+ ELSE4 

,:5 WE TALK TO SOMEONE WE CANNOT ASK TO SEE !IR MEMB]%IP C>D4 ,!IR IDEAS (T5 MAKE US 5D UP TOTALLY CONFUS$ & UNABLE TO UND]/& ANY?+ BECAUSE WE >E ALL NICE1 PROGRESSIVE *ATT]BOXES & ALL PRAISE ! BEAUTY ( TOL]ANCE & SU* LIKE4 ,H[ CAN WE SEE ?AT WE HAVE AN 5EMY BE=E US1 ! WOR/ ( \R 5EMIES8 ,BECAUSE AT LEA/ WE C\LD DEF5D \RSELVES FROM ! OLD FASCI/4 ,HE HIT \T1 & IF WE W]E CAPABLE ( IT WE HIT HIM BACK1 H>D]4 ,N[ ?+S HAVE *ANG$1 ! SITUATION HAS *ANG$4 ,IT CAN EV5 BE DIFFICULT TO FI% \T A FASCI/ ?UG TODAY4 ,BUT ! 9DIVIDUAL WE >E TRY+ TO DESCRIBE1 ?IS DEMOCRAT ?AT WE F9D ALL OV] ! PLACE1 9 S*OOL1 ,P>LIAM5T1 9 ! /REETS OR 9 ! POLICEMAN'S UNI=M1 A JUDGE OR A DOCTOR1 ?IS FELL[ H]E IS \R 5EMY BECAUSE HE CONSID]S LIFE 9 A DIFF]5T WAY TO ! WAY WE CONSID] IT1 BECAUSE = HIM LIFE IS ANO!R K9D ( LIFE1 IS NOT \R LIFE1 BECAUSE = HIM WE >E EXTRAT]RE/RIALS & ,I DON'T SEE :Y WE %\LD CONSID] HIM TO BE AN 9HABITANT ( \R PLANET EI!R4 ,?IS IS ! DIVID+ L9E BETWE5 US4 ,BECAUSE HIS CONCEPT ( LIFE IS ( A QUANTITATIVE NATURE1 BECAUSE HE MEASURES ?+S LIKE SUCCESS OR1 IF Y\ LIKE1 FAILURE1 BUT ALWAYS FROM ! QUANTITATIVE PO9T ( VIEW & WE MEASURE !M DIFF]5TLY & ?AT IS :AT WE %\LD BE ?9K+ AB\T3 9 :AT WAY DOES LIFE HAVE A DIFF]5T MEAN+ = US1 A MEAN+ ?AT IS QUALITATIVELY DIFF]5T8 

,SO1 ?IS AMIABLE G5TLEMAN WREAKS CRITICISM UPON US & SAYS1 ',YES1 AN>*I/S >E GOOD PEOPLE BUT !Y >E 9EFFECTUAL4 ,:AT HAVE !Y EV] DONE 9 HI/ORY8 ,:AT ,/ATE HAS EV] BE5 AN>*I/8 ,HAVE !Y EV] REALIZ$ GOV]NM5T )\T A GOV]NM5T8 ,ISN'T A FREE SOCIETY1 AN AN>*I/ SOCIETY1 A SOCIETY )\T P[]1 A CONTRADICTION8' ,& ?IS CRITICAL ROCK ?AT CRA%ES D[N ON US IS C]TA9LY CONSI/5T1 BECAUSE 9 FACT IF Y\ LOOK CLOSELY AT ANY:]E ?AT AN>*I/S GOT NE> TO REALIZ+ !IR UTOPIA ( A FREE SOCIETY SU* AS 9 ,SPA9 OR ,RUSSIA1 IF Y\ LOOK AT !M CLOSELY1 Y\ F9D !SE CON/RUCTIONS >E SOME:AT OP5 TO CRITICISM4 ,!Y >E C]TA9LY REVOLUTIONS1 BUT !Y >E NOT LIB]T>IAN REVOLUTIONS1 !Y >E NOT AN>*Y4 

,SO1 :5 !SE G5TLEM5 SAY1 ',Y\ >E UTOPIANS1 Y\ AN>*I/S >E DREAM]S1 Y\R UTOPIA W\LD NEV] WORK'1 WE MU/ REPLY1 ',YES1 IT'S TRUE1 AN>*ISM IS A T5SION1 NOT A REALIZATION1 NOT A CONCRETE ATTEMPT TO BR+ AB\T AN>*Y TOMORR[ MORN+'4 ,BUT WE MU/ ALSO BE ABLE TO SAY BUT Y\1 DI/+UI%$ DEMOCRATIC G5TLEM5 9 GOV]NM5T ?AT REGULATE \R LIVES1 ?AT ?9K Y\ CAN GET 9TO \R HEADS1 \R BRA9S1 ?AT GOV]N US ?R\< ! OP9IONS ?AT Y\ =M DAILY 9 Y\R NEWSPAP]S1 9 ! UNIV]SITIES1 S*OOLS1 ETC41 :AT HAVE Y\ G5TLEM5 ACCOMPLI%$8 ,A WORLD WOR? LIV+ 98 ,OR A WORLD ( DEA?1 A WORLD 9 :I* LIFE IS A FLAT AFFAIR1 DEVOID ( ANY QUALITY1 )\T ANY MEAN+ TO IT8 ,A WORLD :]E ONE REA*ES A C]TA9 AGE1 IS AB\T TO GET ONE'S P5SION1 & ASKS ONESELF1 ',BUT :AT HAVE ,I DONE ) MY LIFE8 ,:AT HAS BE5 ! S5SE ( LIV+ ALL !SE YE>S8' 

,?AT'S :AT Y\ HAVE ACCOMPLI%$1 ?AT IS :AT Y\R DEMOCRACY IS1 Y\R IDEA ( ! PEOPLE4 ,Y\ >E GOV]N+ A PEOPLE1 BUT :AT DOES PEOPLE MEAN8 ,:O >E ! PEOPLE8 ,>E !Y P]HAPS ?AT SMALL1 NOT EV5 V]Y SIGNIFICANT1 P>T :O VOTE1 GO TO ! ELECTIONS1 VOTE = Y\1 NOM9ATE A M9ORITY :I* 9 TURN NOM9ATES ANO!R M9ORITY EV5 SMALL] ?AN ! FIR/ ?AT GOV]NS US 9 ! NAME ( ! LAW8 ,BUT :AT >E !SE LAWS IF NOT ! EXPRESSION ( ! 9T]E/S ( A SMALL M9ORITY SPECIFICALLY AIM$ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE AT B5EFIT+ !IR [N P]SPECTIVES ( 5RI*M5T1 ! RE9=C+ ( !IR P[] & SO ON8 

,Y\ GOV]N 9 ! NAME ( A P[]1 A =CE ?AT COMES FROM :AT8 ,FROM AN AB/RACT CONCEPT1 Y\ HAVE REALIZ$ A /RUCTURE Y\ ?9K CAN BE IMPROV$ UPON444 ,BUT H[1 9 :AT WAY HAS IT EV] BE5 IMPROV$ 9 HI/ORY8 ,:AT CONDITION >E WE >E LIV+ 9 TODAY IF NOT A CONDITION ( DEA?1 ( A FLATT5+ ( QUALITY8 ,?IS IS ! CRITIQUE WE NE$ TO ?R[ BACK AT ! SUPPORT]S ( DEMOCRACY4 ,IF WE AN>*I/S >E UTOPIANS1 WE >E SO AS A T5SION T[>DS QUALITY2 IF DEMOCRATS >E UTOPIANS1 !Y >E SO AS A R$UCTION T[>DS QUANTITY4 ,& AGA9/ R$UCTION1 AGA9/ ! ATROPHY LIV$ 9 A DIM5SION ( ! M9IMUM POSSIBLE DAMAGE = !M & ! MAXIMUM DAMAGE = ! GREAT NUMB] ( PEOPLE :O >E EXPLOIT$1 TO ?IS MIS]ABLE REALITY WE OPPOSE \R UTOPIA :I* IS AT LEA/ A UTOPIA ( QUALITY1 A T5SION T[>DS ANO!R FUTURE1 ONE ?AT WILL BE RADICALLY DIFF]5T TO :AT WE >E LIV+ N[4 

,SO ALL ! REM>KS MADE BY ANYONE :O TALKS TO Y\ 9 ! NAME ( POLITICAL REALISM1 M5 ( ,/ATE1 TEA*]S 7:O >E ! S]VANTS ( M5 ( ,/ATE71 !ORI/S1 J\RNALI/S1 ALL ! 9TELLECTUALS :O PASS ?R\< CLASSROOMS LIKE ?IS & 9 !IR SPEE*IFY+ TALK ) ! CALM1 TOL]ANT WORDS ( ! REALI/1 /ATE ?AT 9 ANY CASE NO?+ ELSE IS POSSIBLE1 REALITY IS :AT IT IS1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO MAKE SACRIFICES2 !RE1 !SE PEOPLE >E SW9DL+ Y\4 ,!Y >E SW9DL+ Y\ BECAUSE Y\ CAN DO SOME?+ ELSE1 BECAUSE ANY ONE ( US IS CAPABLE ( RIS+ UP 9 ! NAME ( \R W\ND$ DIGNITY BE=E SU* A SW9DLE4 ,BECAUSE ANY ONE ( US CAN REALIZE ?AT WE HAVE BE5 SW9DL$1 BECAUSE WE HAVE F9ALLY REALIZ$ :AT IS BE+ DONE TO \R DETRIM5T4 ,& 9 RIS+ UP AGA9/ IT ALL WE CAN *ANGE NOT ONLY ! REALITY ( ?+S )9 ! LIMITS ?AT IT IS POSSIBLE TO KN[ !M1 BUT ALSO ONE'S LIFE1 MAKE IT WOR?Y ( BE+ LIV$4 ,ONE CAN GET UP 9 ! MORN+1 PUT ONE'S FEET ON ! GR\ND1 LOOK 9 ! MIRROR & SAY TO ONESELF1 ',AT LA/ ,I HAVE MANAG$ TO *ANGE ?+S1 AT LEA/ AS F> AS ,I AM CONC]N$' & FEEL ONE IS A P]SON WOR?Y ( LIV+ HIS OR H] LIFE1 NOT A PUPPET 9 ! H&S ( A PUPPETE] Y\ CAN'T EV5 SEE WELL 5\< TO SPIT 9 !IR FACE4 

,SO ?AT IS :Y AN>*I/S KEEP COM+ BACK TO ! QUE/ION ( :AT AN>*ISM IS4 ,BECAUSE AN>*ISM IS NOT A POLITICAL MOVEM5T4 ,OR RA!R IT IS1 BUT ONLY 9 A M9OR ASPECT4 ,! FACT ?AT ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T PRES5TS ITSELF HI/ORICALLY AS A POLITICAL MOVEM5T DOES NOT MEAN ?AT ?IS EXHAU/S ALL ! AN>*I/ POT5TIAL = LIFE4 ,AN>*ISM DOES NOT RESOLVE ITSELF 9 ! ,CUNEO AN>*I/ GR\P1 OR GR\PS 9 ,TUR91 ,LONDON OR ANY:]E ELSE4 ,?AT IS NOT AN>*ISM4 ,( C\RSE !RE >E AN>*I/S !RE1 OR AT LEA/ ONE %\LD ASSUME !RE >E1 ! K9D ( COMRADES :O HAVE BEGUN !IR [N 9SURRECTION 9DIVIDUALLY1 HAVE BECOME AW>E ( ! CONTEXT ( OBLIGATION & CO]CION ?AT !Y >E =C$ TO LIVE 94 ,BUT AN>*ISM IS NOT JU/ ?AT1 IT IS ALSO A T5SION1 ! QUALITY ( LIFE1 ! /R5G? WE MANAGE TO DRAW \T ( \RSELVES1 ! CAPACITY TO *ANGE ! REALITY ( ?+S4 ,AN>*ISM IS ! :OLE ( ?IS PROJECT ( TRANS=MATION L9K$ TO :AT WE REALIZE 9 \RSELVES :5 WE BR+ AB\T \R [N P]SONAL TRANS=MATION4 ,SO IT IS NOT A QUANTIFIABLE FACT ?AT CAN BE HI/ORICIZ$4 ,NOR IS IT AN EV5T ?AT WILL SIMPLY OCCUR 9 ! C\RSE ( TIME1 APPE>+ ?R\< P>TICUL> !ORIES1 PEOPLE1 MOVEM5TS AS WELL AS1 :Y NOT1 PRECISE REVOLUTION>Y ACTS4 ,!RE IS ALWAYS SOME?+ MORE ?AN ! SUM ( !SE ELEM5TS1 & IT IS ?IS SOME?+ MORE ?AT CONT9UES TO MAKE AN>*ISM LIVE ON 9 O!R WAYS4 

,SO WE CONT9UALLY NE$ TO MA9TA9 A RELATION%IP BETWE5 ?IS T5SION T[>DS SOME?+ ABSOLUTELY O!R1 ! UN?9KABLE1 ! UNSAYABLE1 A DIM5SION WE MU/ REALIZE )\T V]Y WELL KN[+ H[ TO1 & ! DAILY EXP]I5CE ( ! ?+S WE CAN & DO1 DO4 ,A PRECISE RELATION%IP ( *ANGE1 ( TRANS=MATION4 

,! FIR/ EXAMPLE ?AT COMES TO M9D ON ?IS QUE/ION IS ANO!R CONTRADICTORY ELEM5T4 ,?9K ( ! CONCEPT BEH9D ! /ATEM5T '!RE >E PROBLEMS TO BE SOLV$'4 ,?IS IS A CLASSIC PHRASE4 ,WE ALL HAVE PROBLEMS TO SOLVE4 ,LIFE ITSELF IS A PROBLEM TO BE SOLV$4 ,LIV+ IS A PROBLEM1 \R SOCIAL CONDITIONS1 HAV+ TO BREAK ?R\< ! CIRCLE ?AT RE/RICTS US1 RI<T TO SIMPLE EV]YDAY GO+S ON4 ,WE CONSID] ALL ?IS TO BE A PROBLEM4 

,& H]E9 LIES ! GREAT MISUND]/&+4 ,:Y8 ,! /RUCTURES ?AT OPPRESS US 7,I ?9K MANY ( ?OSE PRES5T H]E >E /UD5TS7 MA9TA9 ?AT PROBLEMS CAN BE SOLV$ & ?AT !Y CAN SOLVE !M = US4 ,MOREOV]1 !Y USE ! EXAMPLE ( PROBLEMS ?AT  >E SOLV$ 9 GEOMETRY1 MA!MATICS1 ETC44 ,BUT ?IS K9D ( PROBLEM1 ! PROBLEMS ( MA!MATICS ?AT >E PRES5T$ AS RESOLVABLE >E FALSE PROBLEMS1 !Y >E NOT REALLY SOLV$ AT ALL4 ,! ANSW]S TO !M >E SIMPLY A REPETITION ( ! SAME PROBLEM 9 ANO!R =M1 9 TE*NICAL T]MS1 A TAUTOLOGY4 ,ONE SAYS ONE ?+ & ANSW]S BY REPEAT+ ! SAME ?+ ANO!R WAY4 ,SO1 BASICALLY1 ! PROBLEM IS NOT SOLV$ AT ALL1 IT IS M]ELY REPEAT$4 

,& :5 WE TALK ( SOLV+ A PROBLEM ?AT 9VOLVES ! LIVES ( ALL ( US1 \R DAILY EXI/5CE1 WE >E TALK+ ( QUE/IONS ( SU* COMPLEXITY ?AT !Y CANNOT BE R$UC$ TO A SIMPLE RE/ATEM5T ( ! PROBLEM ITSELF4 ,TAKE1 = EXAMPLE1 '! PROBLEM ( ! POLICE'4 ,! EXI/5CE ( ! POLICE CON/ITUTES A PROBLEM = MANY ( US4 ,!RE CAN BE NO D\BT ?AT ! POLICEMAN IS AN 9/RUM5T ( REPRESSION US$ BY ! ,/ATE TO PREV5T US FROM DO+ C]TA9 ?+S4 ,H[ DO Y\ SOLVE SU* A PROBLEM8 ,CAN ! PROBLEM ( ! POLICE BE SOLV$8 ,! V]Y QUE/ION REVEALS ITSELF TO BE ABSURD ,!RE IS NO SU* ?+ AS SOLV+ ! PROBLEM ( ! POLICE4 ,YET FROM A DEMOCRATIC PO9T ( VIEW IT W\LD BE POSSIBLE TO SOLVE SOME ASPECTS BY DEMOCRATIZ+ C]TA9 /RUCTURES1 *ANG+ POLICEM5'S ATTITUDES & SO ON4 ,N[1 TO ?9K ?AT ?IS MI<T BE A SOLUTION TO ! PROBLEM ( CONTROL & REPRESSION W\LD BE AS /UPID AS IT IS ILLOGICAL4 ,9 ACTUAL FACT1 IT IS NO?+ O!R ?AN A WAY ( REGULAT+ REPRESSION 9 KEEP+ ) ! 9T]E/S ( P[]1 ( ! ,/ATE4 ,IF A DEMOCRATIC POLITIC IS EFFECTIVE TODAY1 A F> LESS DEMOCRATIC /RUCTURE ( CONTROL & REPRESSION MI<T BE EFFECTIVE 9 ! FUTURE JU/ AS IT HAS BE5 9 ! PA/ & ANY R>E1 M>G9AL M9ORITIES :O ?\<T O!RWISE ON ! SUBJECT W\LD BE EXPELL$ OR ELIM9AT$ FROM ! RANKS4 

,:5 ,I SAY POLICE1 ,I MEAN ANY REPRESSIVE /RUCTURE FROM MILIT>Y POLICE TO JUDICI>Y1 ALL EXPRESSIONS ( ! ,/ATE ?AT S]VE TO CONTROL & REPRESS4 ,SO1 AS Y\ CAN SEE1 SOCIAL PROBLEMS CANNOT BE SOLV$4 ,! SW9DLE OP]AT$ BY DEMOCRATIC /RUCTURES IS PRECISELY !IR CLAIM TO SOLVE SU* PROBLEMS4 ,?IS SW9DLE %[S H[ DEMOCRATIC POLITICS >E NOT BAS$ ON REALITY OR EV5 A M9IMUM ( CONCRET5ESS4 ,EV]Y?+ IS RIGG$ UP ON ! IMPLICATION ?AT ?+S CAN BE IMPROV$1 CAN BE RESOLV$ 9 TIME1 CAN BE SET RI<T4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS CONCEPT ( SETT+ ?+S RI<T ?AT ! /R5G? ( P[] LIES1 & IT IS ON ?IS IMPROVEM5T ?AT P[] /&S & CONT9UES 9 ! M$IUM & LONG T]M4 ,P[] RELATIONS *ANGE AS WE WAIT = :AT !Y PROMIS$ TO COME AB\T BUT IT NEV] DOES4 ,BECAUSE !SE IMPROVEM5TS NEV] MAT]IALIZE4 ,BECAUSE P[] *ANGES & TRANS=MS ITSELF ?R\<\T HI/ORY1 YET ALWAYS REMA9S ! SAME4 ,A H&FUL ( M51 A M9ORITY ( PRIVILEG$ PEOPLE :O HOLD ! LEV]S ( P[]1 LOOK AFT] !IR [N 9T]E/S & SAFEGU>D ! CONDITIONS ( SUPREMACY ( :OEV] HAPP5S TO BE 9 COMM&4 

,N[1 :AT 9/RUM5TS DO WE HAVE TO COMBAT ?IS /ATE ( AFFAIRS8 ,!Y WANT TO CONTROL US8 ,SO WE REFUSE CONTROL4 ,( C\RSE WE CAN DO ?IS4 ,WE UND\BT$LY DO1 TRY+ TO M9IMIZE ! DAMAGE4 ,BUT TO REFUSE CONTROL 9 A SOCIAL CONTEXT IS ONLY VALID UP TO A PO9T4 ,WE CAN CIRCUMSCRIBE C]TA9 ASPECTS ( IT1 YELL :5 WE >E /RUCK UNFAIRLY2 BUT !RE >E CLE>LY C]TA9 >EAS ( P[] :]E RULES >E CALL$ LAWS1 SIGNPO/S 9DICATE 5CLOSURES & M5 CALL+ !MSELVES POLICEM5 PREV5T US FROM 5T]+4 ,!RE IS NO D\BT AB\T IT1 TRY GETT+ 9TO ,P>LIAM5T & SEE :AT HAPP5S4 ,I DON'T KN[4 ,C]TA9 LEVELS CANNOT BE GONE BEYOND1 C]TA9 CONTROLS >E 9EVITABLE4 

,SO :AT DO WE DO TO OPPOSE ?IS SITUATION8 ,SIMPLY DREAM8 ,HAVE AN IDEA ( FRE$OM1 :I* MOREOV] MU/ BE C>EFULLY =MULAT$1 BECAUSE WE CANNOT SAY3 '! FRE$OM AN>*I/S WANT IS SIMPLY A R$UCTION 9 CONTROL'4 ,9 ?AT CASE WE W\LD F9D \RSELVES FAC$ ) ! PROBLEM3 ',BUT :]E DOES ?IS R$UCTION 9 CONTROL 5D8' ,AT A M9IMAL LEVEL P]HAPS8 ,= EXAMPLE1 W\LD ! ,/ATE BECOME LEGITIMATE = AN>*I/S IF 9/EAD ( BE+ ! OPPRESSOR ,/ATE ( TODAY1 IT W]E TO BECOME1 LET US SAY1 ! IDEAL M9IMAL ,/ATE ( ! LIB]ALS8 ,NO1 C]TA9LY NOT4 ,SO ?AT IS NOT ! WAY TO ?9K4 ,IT IS NOT A QUE/ION ( TRY+ TO LIMIT CONTROL1 BUT ( ABOLI%+ CONTROL ALTOGE!R4 ,WE >E NOT = MORE FRE$OM4 ,MORE FRE$OM IS GIV5 TO ! SLAVE :5 HIS *A9S >E L5G!N$4 ,WE >E = ! ABOLITION ( ! *A91 SO WE >E = FRE$OM1 NOT MORE FRE$OM4 ,FRE$OM MEANS ! ABS5CE ( ALL *A9S1 ! ABS5CE ( LIMITS & ALL ?AT 5SUES FROM SU* A /ATEM5T4 

,FRE$OM IS A DIFFICULT1 UNKN[N CONCEPT4 ,IT IS A PA9FUL ONE1 YET IT IS P$DL$ AS SOME?+ BEAUTIFUL1 SWEET1 REPOS+4 ,LIKE A DREAM SO F> (F ?AT IT MAKES US FEEL GOOD1 LIKE ALL ! ?+S ?AT1 BE+ F> (F1 CON/ITUTE HOPE & FAI?1 A BELIEF4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 !SE 9TANGIBLES :I* APP>5TLY SOLVE TODAY'S PROBLEMS DO NOT 9 FACT SOLVE !M BUT SIMPLY MI/ !M OV]1 *ANGE !M >\ND1 PREV5T+ US FROM HAV+ A CLE> VISION ( ALL ! WOES ( \R TIMES4 ,ALL RI<T1 SOME DAY WE WILL BE FREE4 ,O,K1 ?+S >E 9 A MESS1 BUT )9 ?IS MESS !RE IS A SUBT]RANEAN /R5G?1 AN 9VOLUNT>Y ORD] 9DEP5D5T ( \RSELVES ?AT WORKS 9 PLACE ( US1 :I* WILL GRADUALLY *ANGE ! CONDITIONS ( SUFF]+ :I* WE >E LIV+ 9 & TAKE US TO A FREE DIM5SION :]E WE WILL ALL LIVE HAPPILY EV] AFT]4 ,NO1 ?AT IS NOT FRE$OM1 ?AT IS A SW9DLE ?AT TRAGICALLY RESEMBLES ! OLD IDEA ( ,GOD ?AT (T5 HELP$ US1 & /ILL HELPS MANY PEOPLE TODAY 9 !IR SUFF]+1 BECAUSE !Y SAY TO !MSELVES1 'V]Y WELL1 WE >E SUFF]+ TODAY1 BUT WE'LL BE BETT] (F 9 ! NEXT WORLD'4 ,9 FACT1 AS ! GOSPEL SAYS ! LA/ WILL BE FIR/1 HE>T5+ ! LA/ ( TODAY BECAUSE !Y SEE !MSELVES AS ! FIR/ ( TOMORR[4 

,IF WE W]E TO FOB (F SU* AN IDEA ( FRE$OM AS REAL WE W\LD BE DO+ NO MORE ?AN CRADL+ TODAY'S SUFF]+ BY M$ICAT+ SOCIAL W\NDS 9 EXACTLY ! SAME WAY AS ! PRIE/ HEALS ?OSE ( ! POOR :O LI/5 TO HIS S]MON1 DECEIV+ !MSELVES ?AT ! K+DOM ( ,GOD WILL SAVE !M FROM !IR PA94 ,AN>*I/S CANNOT ?9K ?IS WAY4 ,FRE$OM IS A DE/RUCTIVE CONCEPT ?AT 9VOLVES ! ABSOLUTE ELIM9ATION ( ALL LIMITS4 ,N[ FRE$OM IS AN IDEA WE MU/ HOLD 9 \R HE>TS1 BUT AT ! SAME TIME WE NE$ TO UND]/& ?AT IF WE DESIRE IT WE MU/ BE READY TO FACE ALL ! RISKS ?AT DE/RUCTION 9VOLVES1 ALL ! RISKS ( DE/ROY+ ! CON/ITUT$ ORD] WE >E LIV+ UND]4 ,FRE$OM IS NOT A CONCEPT TO CRADLE \RSELVES 91 9 ! HOPE ?AT IMPROVEM5TS WILL DEVELOP 9DEP5D5TLY ( \R REAL CAPACITY TO 9T]V5E4 

,9 ORD] TO UND]/& SU* CONCEPTS1 BECOME AW>E ( ! RISKS ONE RUNS BY WIELD+ SU* DANG]\S CONCEPTS1 WE MU/ BE ABLE TO =M ! IDEA )9 US4 

,!RE IS ALSO CONSID]ABLE CONFUSION ON ?IS PO9T4 ,IT IS CU/OM>Y TO CONSID] ?AT ANY?+ ?AT PASSES ?R\< \R M9DS IS AN IDEA4 ,ONE SAYS ',I HAVE AN IDEA' !N TRIES TO UND]/& :AT ?AT MEANS4 ,?AT IS ! ,C>TESIAN CONCEPT ( IDEA AS OPPOS$ TO ! ,PLATONIC ONE :I* IS AN AB/RACT F> (F PO9T ( REF]5CE4 ,BUT ?AT IS NOT :AT WE >E REF]R+ TO :5 WE SAY IDEA4 ,! IDEA IS A PO9T ( REF]5CE1 AN ELEM5T ( /R5G? ?AT IS CAPABLE ( TRANS=M+ LIFE4 ,IT IS A CONCEPT *>G$ ) VALUE ?AT BECOMES A CONCEPT ( /R5G?1 SOME?+ ?AT CAN DEVELOP & MAKE \R RELATION%IP ) O!RS DIFF]5T4 ,ALL ?AT IS AN IDEA4 ,BUT :AT IS ! S\RCE ?AT ! ELEM5TS ?AT MAKE IT POSSIBLE TO ELABORATE SU* IDEAS SPR+ FROM8 ,S*OOL1 UNIV]SITY1 NEWSPAP]S1 BOOKS1 TEA*]S1 TE*NICIANS1 TELEVISION & SO ON8 ,:AT REA*ES US FROM !SE 9/RUM5TS ( 9=MATION & CULTURAL ELABORATION8 ,A CONSID]ABLE ACCUMULATION ( 9=MATION CASCADES D[N ON US1 BOILS 9SIDE US LIKE A CAULDRON1 MAK+ US PRODUCE OP9IONS4 ,WE T5D NOT TO HAVE IDEAS1 BUT OP9IONS4 

,?AT IS ! TRAGIC CONCLUSION4 ,:AT IS AN OP9ION8 ,IT IS A FLATT5$ IDEA1 AN IDEA ?AT HAS BE5 MADE UNI=M 9 ORD] TO MAKE IT ACCEPTABLE TO ! L>GE/ NUMB] ( PEOPLE4 ,OP9IONS >E MASSIFI$ IDEAS4 ,IT IS IMPORTANT = P[] ?AT !SE OP9IONS BE MA9TA9$ BECAUSE IT IS ?R\< OP9ION1 ! CONTROL ( OP9ION1 ?AT !Y OBTA9 GIV5 RESULTS1 NOT LEA/ ! ME*ANISMS ( PROPAG&A & ELECTORAL PROC$URES ?R\< ! USE ( ! M$IA4 ,! =MATION ( NEW P[] ELITE'S COMES NOT FROM IDEAS BUT FROM OP9IONS4 

,:AT DOES OPPOS+ ONESELF TO OP9ION-MAK+ MEAN !N8 ,DOES IT MEAN ACQUIR+ MORE 9=MATION8 ,?AT IS1 OPPOS+ C\NT]-9=MATION TO 9=MATION8 ,NO1 ?AT IS NOT POSSIBLE BECAUSE NO MATT] H[ Y\ LOOK AT IT Y\ CANNOT POSSIBLY OPPOSE ! VA/ AM\NT ( 9=MATION WE >E BOMB>D$ ) DAILY ) C\NT]-9=MATION CAPABLE ( 'UNMASK+' ?R\< A PROCESS ( 9VE/IGAT+ HIDD5 CAUSES1 ! REALITY ?AT HAS BE5 COV]$ UP BY ALL ?AT 9=MATIVE *ATT]4 ,NO1 WE CANNOT OP]ATE 9 ?AT DIRECTION4 ,:5EV] WE ATTEMPT TO DO SO WE REALIZE ?AT IT IS PO9TLESS1 ?AT WE >E NOT ABLE TO CONV9CE PEOPLE4 

,?AT IS :Y AN>*I/S ALWAYS CONSID] ! PROBLEM ( PROPAG&A CRITICALLY3 ,YES1 ( C\RSE1 AS Y\ SEE !RE IS A WELL-/OCK$ TABLE H]E AS IS ALWAYS ! CASE AT 9ITIATIVES OR CONF]5CES ( ?IS K9D4 ,!RE >E ALWAYS \R PAMPHLETS1 \R BOOKS4 ,WE >E LAD5 ) PAP]S & >E V]Y GOOD AT BR++ \T SU* PUBLICATIONS4 ,BUT ?AT IS NOT ! ONLY K9D ( WORK WE NE$ TO DO1 & 9 ANY CASE !Y DO NOT CONTA9 ELEM5TS ( C\NT]-9=MATION1 OR IF !Y DO IT IS PURELY ACCID5TAL4 ,?IS WORK IS AIM$ ESS5TIALLY1 OR %\LD BE1 AT BUILD+ AN IDEA OR A NUMB] ( LEAD+ IDEAS1 A NUMB] ( /RONG IDEAS4 

,LET US GIVE JU/ ONE EXAMPLE4 ,OV] ! PA/ ?REE OR F\R YE>S AN AFFAIR HAS DEVELOP$ ?AT ! NEWSPAP]S HAVE REPORT$ US+ HORRIBLE T]MS LIKE 'TANG5TOPOLI' OR 'CLEAN H&S' .<LEGAL PROC$URES 9 C\RSE :]E MANY POLITICIANS HAVE BE5 S5T5C$ = HAV+ ACCEPT$ MONEY FROM ! CAPITALI/S 9 EX*ANGE = CONTRACTS 9 ! PUBLIC WORKS SECTORS.> & SO ON4 ,N[ :AT HAS ?IS OP]ATION 9/ILL$ 9 PEOPLE'S M9DS8 ,IT HAS BUILT ! OP9ION ?AT ! LAW IS CAPABLE ( SETT+ ?+S RI<T1 ( S5T5C+ POLITICIANS1 *ANG+ CONDITIONS1 SO CAN TAKE US FROM ! OLD CONCEPTS TYPICAL ( ! FIR/ ,ITALIAN ,REPUBLIC TO ! NEW ONES ( ! ,SECOND ,REPUBLIC4 ,?IS OP9ION1 ?IS PROCESS1 IS CLE>LY V]Y USEFUL4 ,= EXAMPLE IT HAS ALL[$ ! EM]G5CE ( A 'NEW' P[] ELITE TO TAKE ! PLACE ( ! OLD4 ,NEW UP TO A PO9T1 BUT ) C]TA9 *>ACT]I/ICS & SAD REHA%ES ( OLD HABITS & P]SONAGES4 ,?IS IS ! WAY OP9ION FUNCTIONS4 

,N[1 CONSID] COMP>+ ?IS PROCESS ( OP9ION-MAK+1 :I* IS ( CONSID]ABLE ADVANTAGE TO P[] ALONE1 TO ! CON/RUCTION ( AN IDEA-=CE ?AT MI<T BE AN 9-DEP? ANALYSIS ( ! CONCEPT ( JU/ICE4 ,! DIFF]5CE IS ABYSSAL4 ,BUT :AT IS RI<T8 ,= EXAMPLE1 IT WAS C]TA9LY RI<T = MANY1 & WE ALSO CONSID]$ IT RI<T \RSELVES1 = EX-SOCIALI/ P>TY LEAD] ,CRAXI TO BE =C$ TO REMA9 LOCK$ UP 9 HIS VILLA 9 ,TUNISIA4 ,! :OLE ?+ HAS BE5 QUITE AMUS+1 IT EV5 MADE US LAU<1 MADE US FEEL GOOD BECAUSE IT IS QUITE NICE :5 PIGS AT ?AT LEVEL 5D UP BE+ PUT \T ( CIRCULATION4 ,BUT IS ?AT REAL JU/ICE8 ,= EXAMPLE1 ,&REOTTI IS 9 DIFFICULTY4 ,IT SEEMS HE KISS$ ,RI9A .<MAFIA BOSS.> ON ! *EEK4 

,SU* NEWS C]TA9LY MAKES US SMILE1 MAKES US FEEL BETT]1 BECAUSE A PIG LIKE ,&REOTTI WAS ANNOY+ EV5 AT A SIMPLE PHYSICAL LEVEL1 JU/ SEE+ HIM ON ,T,V WAS 5\<4 ,BUT :AT IS ?IS IDEA ( JU/ICE8 ,JUDGES = ! PROSECUTION ,DI ,PIETRO & ,BORRELLI HAVE A HORDE ( SUPPORT+ FANS4 ,MILLIONS ( PEOPLE HAVE BE5 DRAWN 9TO ?IS PROCESS ( UNI=M+ OP9ION4 

,IS ! CONCEPT ( JU/ICE WE NE$ TO POND] ON ANY DIFF]5T8 ,:AT %\LD IT LEAD TO8 ,IT %\LD LEAD US TO RECOGNIZ+ ?AT IF ,CRAXI OR ,&REOTTI >C RESPONSIBLE !N PEOPLE LIKE ,DI ,PIETRO OR ,BORRELLI >E RESPONSIBLE TO ! SAME EXT5T4 ,BECAUSE IF ! =M] >E POLITICIANS1 ! O!RS >E ALL MAGI/RATES4 ,! CONCEPT ( JU/ICE MEANS FIX+ A DEM>CATION L9E BETWE5 ?OSE :O SUPPORT & DEF5D P[] & ?OSE :O >E AGA9/ IT4 ,IF ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( P[] IS UNJU/ & IF ALL ATTEMPTS1 SOME ( :I* WE HAVE JU/ SE51 REVEAL !MSELVES TO BE NO MORE ?AN SELF-JU/IFY+ SW9DLES1 ANY MAN ( P[]1 MORE OR LESS DEMOCRATIC AS HE MI<T BE1 ALWAYS /&S ON ! WRONG SIDE ( JU/ICE NO MATT] :AT HE DOES4 

,TO BUILD SU* A CONCEPT ( JU/ICE OBVI\SLY MEANS TO =M AN IDEA1 AN IDEA Y\ DON'T F9D 9 ! NEWSPAP]S1 ?AT ISN'T GONE 9TO 9 ! CLASSROOMS OR UNIV]SITY AUDITORIUMS1 :I* CANNOT BECOME AN ELEM5T ( OP9ION OR LEAD PEOPLE TO VOTE4 ,9 FACT1 SU* AN IDEA LEADS TO 9T]NAL CONFLICT4 ,BECAUSE BE=E ! TRIBUNAL ( ONE'S SELF ONE ASKS1 ',BUT ,I1 ) MY IDEA ( SOCIAL JU/ICE1 H[ DO ,I SEE IT :5 :AT ,DI ,PIETRO DOES SEEMS GOOD8 ,AM ,I BE+ TAK5 = A RIDE TOO8 ,AM ,I ALSO AN 9/RUM5T ( OP9ION1 A T]M9AL ( ! GREAT PROCESSES = MA9TA9+ P[]1 BECOM+ NOT JU/ !IR SLAVE BUT ALSO !IR ACCOMPLICE8' 

,WE HAVE F9ALLY GOT !RE4 ,WE HAVE REA*$ ! PO9T ( \R [N RESPONSIBILITY4 ,BECAUSE IF IT IS TRUE ?AT = AN>*I/S !RE IS NO DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !ORY & ACTION1 AS SOON AS ! IDEA ( SOCIAL JU/ICE LI<TS UP 9 US1 ILLUM9ATES \R BRA9 EV5 = A SPLIT SECOND1 IT WILL NEV] BE ABLE TO EXT+UI% ITSELF AGA94 ,BECAUSE NO MATT] :AT WE ?9K WE WILL FEEL GUILTY1 WILL FEEL WE >E ACCOMPLICES1 ACCOMPLICES TO A PROCESS ( DISCRIM9ATION1 REPRESSION1 G5OCIDE1 DEA?1 A PROCESS WE WILL NEV] BE ABLE TO FEEL DETA*$ FROM AGA94 ,H[ C\LD WE DEF9E \RSELVES REVOLUTION>IES & AN>*I/S O!RWISE8 ,:AT FRE$OM W\LD WE BE SUPPORT+ IF WE W]E TO GIVE \R COMPLICITY TO ! ASSASS9S 9 P[]8 

,Y\ SEE H[ DIFF]5T & CRITICAL ! SITUATION IS = :OEV] SUCCE$S1 ?R\< DEEP ANALYSIS ( REALITY OR SIMPLY BY *ANCE OR MIS=TUNE1 9 LETT+ AN IDEA AS CLE> AS ! IDEA ( JU/ICE P5ETRATE !IR BRA98 ,!RE >E MANY SU* IDEAS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! IDEA ( FRE$OM IS SIMIL>4 ,ANYONE :O ?9KS AB\T :AT FRE$OM ACTUALLY IS EV5 = A MOM5T WILL NEV] AGA9 BE ABLE TO CONT5T !MSELVES BY SIMPLY DO+ SOME?+ TO SLI<TLY EXT5D ! FRE$OM ( ! SITUATIONS !Y >E LIV+ 94 ,FROM ?AT MOM5T ON !Y WILL FEEL GUILTY & WILL TRY TO DO SOME?+ TO ALLEVIATE !IR S5SE ( SUFF]+4 ,!Y WILL FE> !Y HAVE DONE WRONG BY NOT HAV+ DONE ANY?+ TILL N[1 & FROM ?AT MOM5T ON !IR LIVES WILL *ANGE COMPLETELY4 

,BASICALLY1 :AT DOES ! ,/ATE WANT FROM ! =MATION ( OP9ION8 ,:AT DOES P[] WANT8 ,YES1 ( C\RSE1 IT WANTS TO CREATE MASS OP9ION BECAUSE FROM ?AT !Y >E ABLE TO REALIZE C]TA9 OP]ATIONS SU* AS VOT+1 ! =MATION ( P[] GR\PS & SO ON4 ,BUT ?AT IS NOT ALL !Y WANT4 ,!Y WANT \R CONS5SUS4 ,!Y WANT \R APPROVAL4 ,& CONS5SUS IS GA9$ ?R\< PRECISE 9/RUM5TS1 ESPECIALLY ?OSE ( A CULTURAL NATURE4 ,= EXAMPLE1 S*OOL IS ONE ( ! RES]VOIRS FROM :I* CONS5SUS IS REALIZ$ & ! FUTURE 9TELLECTUAL1 & NOT JU/ 9TELLECTUAL1 WORK=CE IS BUILT4 

,TODAY CAPITALISM REQUIRES A DIFF]5T K9D ( P]SON TO ?OSE IT REQUIR$ 9 ! PA/4 ,UP UNTIL REC5TLY !RE WAS A NE$ = PEOPLE ) PR(ESSIONAL CAPACITIES1 A PRIDE 9 ?IS CAPACITY & P>TICUL> QUALIFICATIONS4 ,! SITUATION IS QUITE DIFF]5T N[4 ,! WORLD ( WORK REQUIRES A V]Y MODE/ QUALIFICATION LEVEL :]EAS QUALITIES ?AT DID NOT EXI/ & W]E EV5 9CONCEIVABLE 9 ! PA/ SU* AS FLEXIBILITY1 ADAPTABILITY1 TOL]ANCE1 ! CAPACITY TO 9T]V5E AT MEET+S1 ETC4 >E REQUIR$ 9 !IR PLACE4 

,HUGE PRODUCTION UNITS BAS$ ON ASSEMBLY L9ES = EXAMPLE N[ USE ROBOTS OR >E BUILT ON ! CONCEPTUAL BASIS ( ISL&S1 SMALL GR\PS WORK+ TOGE!R :O KN[ EA* O!R & CONTROL EA* O!R & SO ON4 ,?IS K9D ( M5TALITY IS NOT ONLY F\ND 9 ! FACTORY4 ,IT IS NOT JU/ A 'NEW WORK]' !Y >E BUILD+1 BUT A 'NEW MAN'2 A FLEXIBLE P]SON ) MODE/ IDEAS1 RA!R OPAQUE 9 !IR DESIRES1 ) CONSID]ABLY R$UC$ CULTURAL LEVELS1 IMPOV]I%$ LANGUAGE1 /&>DIZ$ READ+1 A LIMIT$ CAPACITY TO ?9K & A GREAT CAPACITY TO MAKE QUICK YES OR NO DECISIONS4 ,!Y KN[ H[ TO *OOSE BETWE5 TWO POSSIBILITIES3 A YELL[ BUTTON1 A R$ BUTTON1 A BLACK BUTTON1 A :ITE BUTTON4 ,?IS IS ! K9D ( M5TALITY !Y >E BUILD+4 ,& :]E >E !Y BUILD+ IT8 ,AT S*OOL1 BUT ALSO 9 EV]YDAY LIFE4 

,:AT WILL !Y DO ) SU* A P]SON8 ,!Y WILL USE !M TO BR+ AB\T ALL ! MODIFICATIONS ?AT >E NECESS>Y = RE/RUCTUR+ CAPITAL4 ,!Y WILL BE USEFUL = A BETT] MANAGEM5T ( ! CONDITIONS & RELATIONS ( ! CAPITALISM ( TOMORR[4 ,& :AT WILL !SE RELATIONS BE8 ,!Y WILL BE BAS$ ON FA/] & FA/] *ANGE1 A CALL TO SATISFY+ NON-EXI/5T DESIRES1 DESIRES ?AT >E PILOT$1 DET]M9$ BY SMALL GR\PS ?AT >E BECOM+ MORE & MORE NUM]\S4 ,?IS NEW P]SON IS QUITE ! OPPOSITE ( :AT WE >E CAPABLE ( IMAG9+ OR DESIR+1 ! OPPOSITE ( QUALITY1 CREATIVITY1 ! OPPOSITE ( REAL DESIRE1 ! JOY ( LIFE1 ! OPPOSITE ( ALL ?IS4 ,H[ CAN WE FI<T AGA9/ ! REALIZATION ( ?IS TE*NOLOGICAL MAN8 ,H[ CAN WE /RUGGLE AGA9/ ?IS SITUATION8 ,CAN WE WAIT = A DAY TO COME1 A GREAT DAY ?AT WILL TURN ! WORLD UPSIDE D[N8 ,:AT ! AN>*I/S ( ! LA/ C5TURY CALL$ 'LA GR&E SOIREE'8 ,! GREAT EV5+ OR ! GREAT DAY -- 'LE GR& JOR' -- 9 :I* =CES NO ONE C\LD =ESEE W\LD 5D UP TAK+ OV]1 EXPLOD+ 9TO ?AT SOCIAL CONFLICT WE >E ALL WAIT+ =1 CALL$ REVOLUTION8 ,SO EV]Y?+ WILL *ANGE & !RE WILL BE A WORLD ( P]FECTION & JOY8 

,?IS IS A MILL5>IAN IDEA4 ,N[ ?AT WE >E REA*+ ! 5D ( ! MILL5NIUM IT C\LD TAKE ROOT AGA94 ,BUT CONDITIONS HAVE *ANG$4 ,?IS IS NOT REALITY1 IT IS NOT ?IS WAIT+ ?AT 9T]E/S US4 ,:AT DOES 9T]E/ US IS ANO!R K9D ( 9T]V5TION1 A F> MORE MODE/ ONE1 BUT ONE ?AT IS CAPABLE ( A*IEV+ SOME?+4 ,AS AN>*I/S WE >E CALL$ TO DO SOME?+4 ,WE >E CALL$ BY \R [N 9DIVIDUAL RESPONSIBILITY & BY :AT WE SAID E>LI]4 ,FROM ! MOM5T ! IDEA LI<TS UP \R M9D1 NOT ! IDEA ( AN>*Y1 BUT ( JU/ICE1 FRE$OM1 :5 !SE IDEAS ILLUM9ATE \R M9DS & WE SEE ! SW9DLE BE=E US -- :I* TODAY MORE ?AN EV] BE=E WE CAN DEF9E A DEMOCRATIC SW9DLE -- :AT CAN WE DO8 ,WE MU/ SET TO WORK1 & ?IS SETT+ TO WORK ALSO MEANS ORGANIZ+ \RSELVES4 ,IT MEANS CREAT+ ! CONDITIONS ( REF]5CE & RELAT+ BETWE5 AN>*I/S1 CONDITIONS ?AT MU/ BE O!R ?AN ?OSE ( ! PA/4 

,REALITY HAS *ANG$4 ,AS ,I SAID BE=E1 !Y >E BUILD+ A DIFF]5T MAN1 A DE-QUALIFI$ MAN1 & !Y >E BUILD+ HIM BECAUSE !Y NE$ TO BUILD A DE-QUALIFI$ SOCIETY4 ,!Y HAVE REMOV$ ! FIGURE ( ! WORK] FROM ! C5T] ( ! CONCEPTION ( ! POLITICAL SOCIETY AS IT WAS1 AFT] DE-QUALIFY+ HIM4 ,9 ! PA/ ! WORK] BORE ! GREATE/ BRUNT ( EXPLOITATION4 ,?AT IS :Y IT WAS ?\<T ?AT ?IS SOCIAL FIGURE W\LD NECESS>ILY GIVE BIR? TO ! REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS SUFFICI5T TO ?9K ( ! ,M>XI/ ANALYSIS4 ,M>X'S ,CAPITAL IS D$ICAT$ TO ! 'LIB]ATION' ( ! WORK]4 ,:5 ,M>X SPEAKS ( MAN1 HE MEANS ! WORK]4 ,9 HIS ANALYSIS ( VALUE1 HE IS TALK+ ( ! WORK PACE2 9 HIS ANALYSIS ( ALI5ATION1 HE IS TALK+ AB\T WORK4 ,!RE IS NO?+ ?AT DOES NOT CONC]N WORK4 ,BUT ?AT IS BECAUSE ! WORK] WAS C5TRAL TO ! ,M>XI/ ANALYSIS AT ! TIME :5 IT WAS DEVELOP$4 ,! WORK+ CLASS C\LD BE SE5 TO BE ! C5T] ( ! SOCIAL /RUCTURE4 

,US+ DIFF]5T ANALYZES1 AN>*I/S ALSO CAME CLOSE TO A CONSID]ATION ?AT ! WORK]'S POSITION WAS ! C5T] ( ! SOCIAL WORLD4 ,?9K ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ ANALYZES4 ,= ! AN>*OSYNDICALI/S IT WAS A QUE/ION ( TAK+ ! CONCEPT ( TRADES UNION /RUGGLE TO ITS EXTREME CONSEQU5CES1 FREE+ IT FROM ! N>R[] DIM5SION ( TRADES UNION B>GA9+ & DEVELOP+ IT RI<T TO ! REALIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION ?R\< ! G5]AL /RIKE4 ,SO ACCORD+ TO ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S ! ,SOCIETY ( ! FUTURE1 ! FREE AN>*I/ ,SOCIETY1 WAS TO BE NO?+ O!R ?AN ! PRES5T ,SOCIETY FRE$ FROM P[] BUT ) ! SAME PRODUCTIVE /RUCTURES1 NO LONG] 9 ! H&S ( ! CAPITALI/S BUT 9 ! H&S ( ! COLLECTIVE :I* W\LD MANAGE !M 9 COMMON4 

,?IS CONCEPT IS QUITE IMPRACTICABLE TODAY = V>I\S REASONS4 ,FIR/ ( ALL1 BECAUSE TE*NOLOGICAL TRANS=MATION HAS MADE IT IMPOSSIBLE = !RE TO BE A SIMPLE PASSAGE FROM ! PRES5T SOCIETY TO ! FUTURE ONE WE DESIRE TO LIVE 94 ,A DIRECT PASSAGE W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE = ! SIMPLE REASON ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO USE 9=MATION TE*NOLOGY 9 LIB]AT$ =MS1 9 A LIB]ATORY WAY4 ,! NEW TE*NOLOGIES & COMPUT] TE*NOLOGY APPLICATIONS HAVE NOT LIMIT$ !MSELVES TO BR++ AB\T C]TA9 MODIFICATIONS 9 P>TICUL> 9/RUM5TS1 !Y HAVE TRANS=M$ ALL ! O!R TE*NOLOGIES AS WELL4 ,! FACTORY1 = 9/ANCE1 IS NOT SIMPLY A /RUCTURE ( ! PA/ ) ! ADDITION ( COMPUT] TE*NOLOGY BUT HAS BECOME A COMPUT]IZ$ FACTORY1 :I* IS QUITE DIFF]5T4 ,BE>+ ?IS 9 M9D WE CAN ONLY M5TION !SE CONCEPTS 9 A V]Y G5]AL WAY BECAUSE IT W\LD TAKE TIME TO GO 9TO !M ADEQUATELY4 ,SO WE MU/ RECOGNIZE ?AT IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO USE ?IS PATRIMONY4 ,?IS PASSAGE RUNS P>ALLEL TO ! 5D ( ! MY? ( ! C5TRALITY ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 

,N[1 9 A SITUATION :]E ! WORK+ CLASS HAS PRACTICALLY DIS9TEGRAT$1 ! POSSIBILITY ( AN EXPROPRIATION ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION NO LONG] EXI/S4 ,SO :AT IS ! CONCLUSION8 ,! ONLY POSSIBLE CONCLUSION IS ?AT ?IS SET ( 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION WE HAVE BE=E US BE DE/ROY$4 ,! ONLY POSSIBLE WAY IS TO PASS ?R\< ! DRAMATIC REALITY ( DE/RUCTION4 ,IF ! REVOLUTION WE IMAG9E & :I* MOREOV] WE CANNOT BE C]TA9 WILL EV] COME AB\T1 IT WILL NOT BE ! REVOLUTION ( ! PA/ ?AT SAW ITSELF AS ONE S+LE EV5T ?AT MI<T EV5 TAKE PLACE 9 A DAY OR ONE F9E EV5+ BUT WILL BE  A LONG1 TRAGIC1 BLOODY AFFAIR ?AT C\LD PASS ?R\< 9CONCEIVABLY VIOL5T1 9CONCEIVABLY TRAGIC PROCESSES4 

,ALL ?IS IS ! K9D ( REALITY WE >E MOV+ T[>DS4 ,NOT BECAUSE ?AT IS :AT WE DESIRE1 NOT BECAUSE WE LIKE VIOL5CE1 BLOOD1 DE/RUCTION1 CIVIL W>1 DEA?1 RAPE1 B>B>ITY4 ,IT IS NOT ?AT1 BUT BECAUSE IT IS ! ONLY PLAUSIBLE ROAD1 ! ROAD ?AT ! TRANS=MATION WANT$ BY ?OSE RUL+ US & :O >E 9 COMM& HAVE MADE NECESS>Y4 ,!Y HAVE MOV$ ON TO ?IS ROAD4 ,WE CANNOT *ANGE ALL ?AT ) A SIMPLE FLI<T ( FANCY1 A SIMPLE DREAM4 ,9 ! PA/ HYPO!SIS :]E A /RONG WORK+ CLASS EXI/$1 ONE C\LD FOOL ONESELF AB\T ?IS PASSAGE & ORGANIZE ACCORD+LY4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! ORGANIZATIONAL PROPOSAL ( AN>*O-SYNDICALISM SAW A /RONG SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T :I*1 P5ETRAT+ ! WORK+ CLASS & ORGANIZ+ ALMO/ ! :OLE ( IT1 WAS TO BR+ AB\T ?IS EXPROPRIATION & PASSAGE4 ,?IS COLLECTIVE SUBJECT1 :O WAS PROBABLY MY?ICAL FROM ! />T1 NO LONG] EXI/S EV5 9 ITS MY?ICAL V]SION SO :AT S5SE W\LD !RE BE 9 A SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T ( A REVOLUTION>Y NATURE8 ,:AT S5SE W\LD !RE BE 9 AN AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T8 ,NONE AT ALL4 

,SO ! /RUGGLE MU/ BEG9 ELSE:]E1 ) O!R IDEAS & ME?ODS4 ,?AT IS :Y WE HAVE BE5 DEVELOP+ A CRITIQUE ( SYNDICALISM & AN>*O-SYNDICALISM = AB\T FIFTE5 YE>S4 ,?AT IS :Y WE >E1 & DEF9E \RSELVES1 9SURRECTIONALI/ AN>*I/S4 ,NOT BECAUSE WE ?9K ! SOLUTION IS ! B>RICADES -- ! B>RICADES C\LD BE A TRAGIC CONSEQU5CE ( *OICES ?AT >E NOT \R [N -- BUT WE >E 9SURRECTIONALI/S BECAUSE WE ?9K ?AT AN>*I/ ACTION MU/ NECESS>ILY FACE V]Y S]I\S PROBLEMS4 ,!SE PROBLEMS >E NOT DESIR$ BY AN>*ISM BUT >E IMPOS$ BY ! REALITY ?AT ?OSE 9 P[] HAVE BUILT1 & WE CANNOT OBLIT]ATE !M SIMPLY BY WI%+ !M AWAY4 

,AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION ?AT PROJECTS ITSELF 9TO ! FUTURE %\LD !RE=E BE AGILE4 ,IT CANNOT PRES5T ITSELF ) ! CUMB]SOME *>ACT]I/ICS & QUANTITATIVE HEAV9ESS ( ! /RUCTURES ( ! PA/4 ,IT CANNOT PRES5T ITSELF 9 A DIM5SION ( SYN!SIS LIKE ORGANIZATIONS ( ! PA/ :]E ! AN>*I/ /RUCTURES CLAIM$ TO SUM UP REALITY 9 'COMMISSIONS' ?AT TREAT$ ALL ! V>I\S PROBLEMS1 MAK+ DECISIONS AT P]IODICAL CONGRESSES ON ! BASIS ( !SES ?AT EV5 W5T BACK TO ! LA/ C5TURY4 ,ALL ?IS HAS SE5 ITS DAY1 NOT BECAUSE A C5TURY HAS PASS$ S9CE IT WAS ?\<T \T1 BUT BECAUSE REALITY HAS *ANG$4 

,?AT IS :Y WE MA9TA9 !RE IS A NE$ = ! =MATION ( SMALL GR\PS BAS$ ON ! CONCEPT ( AFF9ITY1 EV5 T9Y GR\PS MADE UP ( V]Y FEW COMRADES :O KN[ EA* O!R & DEEP5 ?IS KN[L$GE BECAUSE !RE CANNOT BE AFF9ITY IF ONE DOES NOT HAVE KN[L$GE ( ! O!R4 ,ONE CAN ONLY RECOGNIZE ONE'S AFF9ITIES BY GO+ 9TO ! ELEM5TS ?AT DET]M9E ONE'S DIFF]5CES1 BY FREQU5T+ EA* O!R4 ,?IS KN[L$GE IS A P]SONAL FACT1 BUT IT IS ALSO A QUE/ION ( IDEAS1 DEBATE1 DISCUSSIONS4 ,BUT 9 RELATION TO ! FIR/ PO9TS WE MADE ?IS EV5+1 IF Y\ REMEMB]1 !RE CAN BE NO GO+ 9TO IDEAS IF !RE IS NOT ALSO A PRACTICE ( BR++ AB\T ACTIONS4 ,SO1 !RE IS A CONT9UAL RECIPROCAL PROCESS ( GO+ 9TO IDEAS & REALIZ+ ACTIONS4 

,A SMALL GR\P ( COMRADES1 A SMALL GR\P :O SIMPLY MEET 9 ! EV5+ TO HAVE A *AT W\LD NOT BE AN AFF9ITY GR\P BUT A GR\P ( FRI5DS1 PUB-MATES :O MEET 9 ! EV5+S TO TALK AB\T ANY?+ UND] ! SUN4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 A GR\P ?AT MEETS TO DISCUSS ?+S & 9 DISCUSS+ PREP>ES ITSELF = DO+ & ?R\< ?AT DO+ CONTRIBUTES TO DEVELOP+ DISCUSSION ?AT TRANS=MS ITSELF 9TO DISCUSSION AB\T ?+S TO BE DONE1 ?IS IS ! ME*ANISM ( ! AFF9ITY GR\P4 ,SO H[ !N CAN AFF9ITY GR\PS 5T] 9TO CONTACT ) O!RS :]E ! DEEP5$ KN[L$GE ?AT EXI/S 9 ! S+LE GR\P DOES NOT NECESS>ILY EXI/8 ,?IS CONTACT CAN BE ASSUR$ BY 9=MAL ORGANIZATION4 

,BUT :AT IS AN 9=MAL ORGANIZATION8 ,!RE C\LD BE RELATION%IPS ( AN 9=MAL K9D BETWE5 ! V>I\S AFF9ITY GR\PS ?AT 5T] 9TO CONTACT ) EA* O!R 9 ORD] TO EX*ANGE IDEAS & DO ?+S TOGE!R1 & CONSEQU5TLY ! EXI/5CE ( AN ORGANIZATION1 ALSO V]Y WIDESPREAD ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY1 COMPRIS$ ( EV5 T5S1 OR :Y NOT1 HUNDR$S ( ORGANIZATIONS1 /RUCTURES1 GR\PS ( AN 9=MAL *>ACT] BAS$ ON DISCUSSION1 P]IODIC ANALYZES1 ?+S TO BE DONE TOGE!R1 ETC4 ,! ORGANIZATIONAL LOGIC ( 9SURRECTIONAL AN>*ISM IS DIFF]5T TO ! ORGANIZATIONS WE M5TION$ E>LI] CONC]N+ AN>*O-SYNDICALISM4,! ORGANIZATIONAL =MS REF]R$ TO H]E 9 A FEW WORDS M]IT GO+ 9TO1 SOME?+ ,I CANNOT DO N[ 9 ! DIM5SION ( A CONF]5CE4 ,BUT SU* A WAY ( ORGANIZ+ W\LD1 9 MY OP9ION1 REMA9 SIMPLY SOME?+ )9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T W]E IT NOT ALSO TO REALIZE RELATIONS BEYOND IT1 ?AT IS ?R\< ! CON/RUCTION ( EXT]NAL GR\PS1 EXT]NAL NUCLEI1 ALSO ) 9=MAL *>ACT]I/ICS4 ,!SE GR\PS %\LD NOT BE COMPOS$ ( AN>*I/S ALONE1 ANYONE :O 9T5DS TO /RUGGLE TO REA* GIV5 OBJECTIVES1 EV5 CIRCUMSCRIB$ ONES1 C\LD P>TICIPATE SO LONG AS !Y TAKE A NUMB] ( ESS5TIAL CONDITIONS 9TO ACC\NT4 ,FIR/ ( ALL P]MAN5T CONFLICT1 ?AT IS GR\PS ) ! *>ACT]I/IC ( ATTACK+ ! REALITY 9 :I* !Y F9D !MSELVES )\T WAIT+ = ORD]S  FROM ANY:]E ELSE4 ,!N ! *>ACT]I/IC ( BE+ 'AUTONOM\S'1 ?AT IS ( NOT DEP5D+ ON OR HAV+ ANY RELATIONS AT ALL ) POLITICAL P>TIES OR TRADE UNION ORGANIZATIONS4 ,F9ALLY1 ! *>ACT]I/IC ( FAC+ PROBLEMS ONE BY ONE & NOT PROPOS+ PLAT=MS ( G5]IC CLAIMS ?AT W\LD 9EVITABLY TRANS=M !MSELVES 9TO ADM9I/RATION ALONG ! L9ES ( A M9I-P>TY OR A SMALL ALT]NATIVE TRADES UNION4 ,! SUMM>Y ( !SE IDEAS MI<T SEEM RA!R AB/RACT & ?AT IS :Y BE=E 5D+ ,I W\LD LIKE TO GIVE AN EXAMPLE1 BECAUSE SOME ( !SE ?+S CAN BE BETT] UND]/OOD 9 PRACTICE4 

,A !ORETICAL MODEL ( ?IS K9D WAS US$ 9 AN ATTEMPT TO PREV5T ! CON/RUCTION ( ! ,AM]ICAN MISSILE BASE 9 ,COMISO 9 ! E>LY '#hS4 ,! AN>*I/S :O 9T]V5$ = TWO YE>S BUILT 'SELF-MANAG$ LEAGUES'4 ,!SE SELF-MANAG$ LEAGUES W]E PRECISELY NON-AN>*I/ GR\PS ?AT OP]AT$ 9 ! >EA ) ! UNIQUE AIM ( PREV5T+ ! CON/RUCTION ( ! BASE BY DE/ROY+ ! PROJECT 9 ! C\RSE ( REALIZATION4 

,! LEAGUES W]E AUTONOM\S NUCLEI *>ACT]IZ$ BY ! FACT ?AT !IR ONLY AIM WAS TO ATTACK & DE/ROY ! BASE4 ,!Y DID NOT TAKE ON A :OLE S]IES ( PROBLEMS1 BECAUSE IF !Y HAD DONE !Y W\LD HAVE BECOME GR\PS ( SYNDICALI/S ) ! AIM (1 LET US SAY1 DEF5D+ JOBS OR F9D+ WORK OR RESOLV+ O!R IMM$IATE PROBLEMS4 ,9/EAD1 !IR SOLE AIM WAS TO DE/ROY ! BASE4 ,! SECOND *>ACT]I/IC WAS P]MAN5T CONFLICT1 I4E41 FROM ! MOM5T !SE GR\PS W]E =M$ 7!Y W]E NOT SPECIFICALLY AN>*I/ GR\PS1 BUT !RE W]E PEOPLE 9 !M :O W]E AN>*I/S71 !Y W5T 9TO CONFLICT ) ALL ! =CES 9VOLV$ 9 BUILD+ ! BASE1 )\T ?IS CONFLICT BE+ DET]M9$ OR DECL>$ BY ANY REPRES5TATIVE ORGANISM OR BY ! AN>*I/S :O HAD PROMOT$ ! 9ITIATIVE4 ,! ?IRD *>ACT]I/IC WAS ! COMPLETE AUTONOMY ( !SE GR\PS1 ?AT IS TO SAY !Y DID NOT HAVE L9KS ) ANY P>TIES OR UNIONS1 ETC4 ,! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! BASE IS KN[N 9 P>T1 & 9 P>T NOT4 ,& ,I DON'T KN[ IF IT IS ! CASE TO TAKE UP ! /ORY AGA9 H]E1 ,I JU/ WANT$ TO M5TION IT AS AN EXAMPLE4 

,SO 9SURRECTIONALI/ AN>*ISM MU/ OV]COME ONE ESS5TIAL PROBLEM4 ,IT MU/ GO BEYOND A C]TA9 LIMIT O!RWISE IT WILL REMA9 NO MORE ?AN ! IDEA ( 9SURRECTIONALI/ AN>*ISM ,?AT IS ! COMRADES :O HAVE LIV$ ?AT 9SURRECTION ( A P]SONAL NATURE WE M5TION$ E>LI]1 ?AT ILLUM9ATION :I* PRODUCES AN IDEA-=CE 9SIDE US 9 OPPOSITION TO ! *ATT] ( OP9ION1 & =M AFF9ITY GR\PS1 5T] 9TO RELATION%IPS ) COMRADES FROM O!R PLACES ?R\< AN 9=MAL K9D ( /RUCTURE1 ONLY REALIZE A P>T ( ! WORK4 ,AT A C]TA9 PO9T !Y MU/ DECIDE1 MU/ GO BEYOND ! DEM>CATION L9E1 TAKE A /EP ?AT IT IS NOT EASY TO TURN BACK FROM4 ,!Y MU/ 5T] 9TO A RELATION%IP ) PEOPLE ?AT >E NOT AN>*I/S CONC]N+ A PROBLEM ?AT IS 9T]M$IATE1 CIRCUMSCRIB$ 7SU* AS1 = EXAMPLE ! DE/RUCTION ( ! BASE 9 ,COMISO74 ,NO MATT] H[ FANTA/IC OR 9T]E/+ ?IS IDEA MI<T HAVE BE5 IT C]TA9LY WASN'T ! REALIZATION ( AN>*Y4 ,:AT W\LD HAVE HAPP5$ IF ONE HAD REALLY MANAG$ TO 5T] ! BASE & DE/ROY IT8 ,I DON'T KN[4 ,PROBABLY NO?+1 POSSIBLY EV]Y?+4 ,I DON'T KN[1 NO ONE CAN TELL4 ,BUT ! BEAUTY ( REALIZ+ ! DE/RUCTIVE EV5T IS NOT TO BE F\ND 9 ITS POSSIBLE CONSEQU5CES4 

,AN>*I/S GU>ANTEE NONE ( ! ?+S !Y DO4 ,!Y PO9T \T ! RESPONSIBILITY ( P]SONS & /RUCTURES ON ! BASIS ( ! DECISION ?AT !Y >E DET]M9$ TO ACT1 & FROM ?AT MOM5T ON !Y FEEL SURE ( !MSELVES BECAUSE !IR IDEA ( JU/ICE ILLUM9ATES !IR ACTION4 ,IT PO9TS AT ONE P]SON'S RESPONSIBILITY1 OR ?AT ( MORE PEOPLE1 ONE /RUCTURE OR MORE /RUCTURES1 & ! CONSEQU5CES ?AT SU* RESPONSIBILITY LEADS TO4 ,IT IS H]E ?AT WE F9D AN>*I/S' DET]M9ATION TO ACT4 

,BUT ONCE !Y ACT ALONG ) O!R PEOPLE1 !Y MU/ ALSO TRY TO BUILD ORGANISMS ?AT >E CAPABLE ( HOLD+ TOGE!R & CREAT+ CONSEQU5CES 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ P[]4 ,WE MU/ NEV] =GET ?IS4 ,& ?IS IS AN IMPORTANT PO9T TO REFLECT UPON3 P[] REALIZES ITSELF 9 TIME & SPACE1 IT IS NOT SOME?+ AB/RACT4 ,CONTROL W\LD NOT BE POSSIBLE IF POLICE /ATIONS DID NOT EXI/1 IF PRISONS DID NOT EXI/4 ,LEGISLATIVE P[] W\LD NOT BE POSSIBLE IF P>LIAM5T DID NOT EXI/1 OR IF !RE W]E NO LITTLE REGIONAL P>LIAM5TS4 ,! CULTURAL P[] ?AT OPPRESSES US1 ?AT FABRICATES OP9ION1 W\LD NOT BE POSSIBLE IF !RE W]E NO S*OOLS & UNIV]SITIES4 ,N[1 S*OOLS1 UNIV]SITIES1 POLICE /ATIONS1 PRISONS1 9DU/RIES1 FACTORIES1 >E ALL ?+S ?AT REALIZE !MSELVES 9 SPECIFIC PLACES1 9 CIRCUMSCRIB$ >EAS :I* WE CAN ONLY MOVE >\ND 9 IF WE ACCEPT GIV5 CONDITIONS & PLAY ! GAME4 ,WE >E H]E AT ! MOM5T BECAUSE WE AGRE$ TO PLAY ! GAME4 ,WE W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 ABLE TO 5T] ! BUILD+ O!RWISE4 ,?IS IS 9T]E/+4 ,WE CAN USE /RUCTURES ( ?IS K9D4 ,BUT AT ! TIME ( ATTACK SU* PLACES >E =BIDD5 TO US4 ,IF WE W]E TO HAVE COME 9 H]E ) ! 9T5T ( ATTACK+1 ! POLICE W\LD OBVI\SLY HAVE PREV5T$ US4 

,N[1 BECAUSE P[] REALIZES ITSELF 9 PHYSICAL SPACE1 AN>*I/S' RELATION TO ?IS IS IMPORTANT4 ,( C\RSE 9SURRECTION IS AN 9DIVIDUAL FACT & SO 9 ?AT PLACE DEEP 9SIDE US1 AT NI<T AS WE >E AB\T TO GO TO SLEEP1 WE ?9K '444 WELL1 9 ! LA/ ANALYSIS ?+S >5'T TOO BAD'1 ONE FEELS AT PEACE ) ONESELF & FALLS ASLEEP4 ,!RE1 9 ?AT P>TICUL> PLACE 9SIDE US1 ?AT PRIVATE SPACE1 WE CAN MOVE AB\T AS WE PLEASE4 ,BUT !N WE MU/ TRANSF] \RSELVES 9TO ! PHYSICAL SPACE ( SOCIAL REALITY4 ,& PHYSICAL SPACE1 :5 Y\ ?9K AB\T IT1 IS ALMO/ EXCLUSIVELY UND] ! CONTROL ( P[]4 ,SO1 :5 WE MOVE AB\T 9 ?IS SPACE WE C>RY ?IS VALUE ( 9SURRECTION ) US1 !SE REVOLUTION>Y VALUES1 & MEASURE !M 9 A CLA% 9 :I* WE >E NOT ! ONLY ONES PRES5T4 

,WE MU/ !RE=E 9DIVIDUATE SIGNIFICANT OBJECTIVES & V]IFY !IR EXI/5CE -- & AS LUCK W\LD HAVE IT !SE OBJECTIVES EXI/ P]PETUALLY1 EV]Y:]E -- 1CONTRIBUTE TO CREAT+ ! CONDITIONS SO ?AT PEOPLE1 ! EXPLOIT$ ON :OSE BACKS !SE OBJECTIVES >E REALIZ$1 DO SOME?+ TO DE/ROY !M4 

,I BELIEVE ?IS REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS IS ( AN 9SURRECTIONAL NATURE4 ,IT DOES NOT HAVE AIMS 7& ?IS IS IMPORTANT7 ( A QUANTITATIVE NATURE1 BECAUSE ! DE/RUCTION ( AN OBJECTIVE OR ! PREV5TION ( A PROJECT CANNOT BE MEASUR$ 9 QUANTITATIVE T]MS4 ,IT SOMETIMES HAPP5S ?AT SOMEONE SAYS TO ME2 ',BUT :AT RESULTS HAVE WE OBTA9$8' ,:5 SOME?+ IS DONE1 PEOPLE DON'T EV5 REMEMB] ! AN>*I/S AFT]W>DS4 ',AN>*I/S8 ,:O >E !SE AN>*I/S8 ,MON>*I/S8 ,>E !Y !SE PEOPLE :O SUPPORT ! K+8' ,PEOPLE DON'T REMEMB] V]Y WELL4 ,BUT :AT DOES IT MATT]8 ,IT IS NOT US ?AT !Y MU/ REMEMB]1 BUT !IR /RUGGLE1 BECAUSE ! /RUGGLE IS !IRS1 WE >E SIMPLY AN OPPORTUNITY 9 ?AT /RUGGLE4 ,WE >E SOME?+ EXTRA4 

,9 ! FRE$ SOCIETY :]E AN>*Y HAS BE5 REA*$ 9 A QUITE IDEAL DIM5SION1 AN>*I/S1 :O >E 9DISP5SABLE 9 ! SOCIAL /RUGGLE AT ALL LEVELS1 W\LD SIMPLY HAVE ! ROLE ( PU%+ /RUGGLES FUR!R & FUR!R1 ELIM9AT+ EV5 ! EV5 ! SMALLE/ TRACES ( P[] & ALWAYS P]FECT+ ! T5SION T[>DS AN>*Y4 ,AN>*I/S 9HABIT AN UNCOM=TABLE PLANET 9 ANY CASE BECAUSE :5 ! /RUGGLE IS GO+ WELL !Y >E =GOTT5 AB\T & :5 ! /RUGGLE GOES BADLY !Y >E ACCUS$ ( BE+ RESPONSIBLE1 ( HAV+ APPROA*$ IT ! WRONG WAY1 ( HAV+ TAK5 IT TO ! WRONG CONCLUSIONS4 ,NO ILLUSION !N CONC]N+ ANY QUANTITATIVE RESULTS3 IF ! /RUGGLE REALIZ$ FROM AN 9SURRECTIONAL PO9T ( VIEW IS CORRECT1 HAS GONE WELL1 ! RESULTS IF ANY MI<T BE USEFUL TO ! PEOPLE :O BR\<T IT AB\T1 C]TA9LY NOT TO ! AN>*I/S4 ,IT IS IMPORTANT NOT TO FALL PREY TO ! ILLUSION ?AT MANY AN>*I/S UN=TUNATELY DO1 ( BELIEV+ ?AT ! POSITIVE \TCOME ( A /RUGGLE CAN RESULT 9 A GR[? 9 \R GR\PS1 BECAUSE ?AT IS NOT SO & ?IS SY/EMATICALLY LEADS TO DISILLUSION4 ,! GR[? ( \R GR\PS & AN 9CREASE 9 ! NUMB] ( COMRADES IS IMPORTANT BUT ?AT DOES NOT COME AB\T FROM ! RESULTS OBTA9$ SO MU* AS ?R\< ! BUILD+1 ! =MATION1 ( !SE IDEA-=CE1 ! CL>IFICATION WE TALK$ AB\T E>LI]4 ,! POSITIVE RESULTS ( /RUGGLES & ! NUM]ICAL GR[? 9 AN>*I/ GR\PS >E TWO ?+S ?AT CANNOT BE SE5 AS A PROCESS ( CAUSE & EFFECT4 ,!Y MI<T BE CONNECT$1 !Y MI<T NOT4 

,JU/ A C\PLE ( WORDS TO W9D UP ,I HAVE TALK$ AB\T :AT AN>*ISM IS1 :AT DEMOCRACY IS & ! 9COMPREH5SION WE >E CON/ANTLY BE+ FAC$ )2 ( ! WAYS ! /RUCTURES ( P[] WE CALL MOD]N CAPITALISM1 PO/ 9DU/RIAL CAPITALISM1 >E BE+ TRANS=M$2 ( SOME AN>*I/ /RUCTURES ( /RUGGLE ?AT >E NO LONG] ACCEPTABLE TODAY & ! WAY ONE CAN OPPOSE ONESELF TO ! REALITY ( P[] &1 F9ALLY1 ,I M5TION$ ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 TRADITIONAL AN>*ISM & ! 9SURRECTIONAL AN>*ISM ( ! PRES5T DAY4 

,?ANK Y\4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiie 3 ,! ,AN>*I/ ,T5SION -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #a#f1 #bb 3 ,! ,AN>*I/ ,T5SION -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,! ,AN>*I/ ,T5SION -- ,UPDAT$4 

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