,*APT] #f 
,USEFUL ,WORK ,V]SUS ,USELESS ,TOIL 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

,! ABOVE TITLE MAY /RIKE SOME ( MY READ]S AS /RANGE4  ,IT IS ASSUM$ BY MO/ PEOPLE N[ADAYS ?AT ALL WORK IS USEFUL1 & BY MO/ WELL-TO-TO PEOPLE ?AT ALL WORK IS DESIRABLE4  ,MO/ PEOPLE1 WELL-TO- DO OR NOT1 BELIEVE ?AT1 EV5 :5 A MAN IS DO+ WORK :I* APPE>S TO BE USELESS1 HE IS E>N+ HIS LIVELIHOOD BY IT--HE IS 0EMPLOY$10 AS ! PHRASE GOES2 & MO/ ( ?OSE :O >E WELL-TO-DO *E] ON ! HAPPY WORK] ) CONGRATULATIONS & PRAISES1 IF HE IS ONLY 09DU/RI\S0 5\< & DEPRIVES HIMSELF ( ALL PLEASURE & HOLIDAYS 9 ! SACR$ CAUSE ( LABOR4  ,9 %ORT1 IT HAS BECOME AN >TICLE ( ! CRE$ ( MOD]N MORALITY ?AT ALL LABOR IS GOOD 9 ITSELF--A CONV5I5T BELIEF TO ?OSE :O LIVE ON ! LABOR ( O!RS4  ,BUT AS TO ?OSE ON :OM !Y LIVE1 ,I RECOMM5D !M NOT TO TAKE IT ON TRU/1 BUT TO LOOK 9TO ! MATT] A LITTLE DEEP]4  

,LET US GRANT1 FIR/1 ?AT ! RACE ( MAN MU/ EI!R LABOR OR P]I%4  ,NATURE DOES NOT GIVE US \R LIVELIHOOD GRATIS2 WE MU/ W9 IT BY TOIL ( SOME SORT OR DEGREE4  ,LET US SEE1 !N1 IF %E DOES NOT GIVE US SOME COMP5SATION = ?IS COMPULSION TO LABOR1 S9CE C]TA9LY 9 O!R MATT]S %E TAKES C>E TO MAKE ! ACTS NECESS>Y TO ! CONT9UANCE ( LIFE 9 ! 9DIVIDUAL & ! RACE NOT ONLY 5DURABLE1 BUT EV5 PLEASURABLE4  

,Y\ MAY BE SURE ?AT %E DOES SO1 ?AT IT IS ( ! NATURE ( MAN1 :5 HE IS NOT DISEAS$1 TO TAKE PLEASURE 9 HIS WORK UND] C]TA9 CONDITIONS4  ,&1 YET1 WE MU/ SAY 9 ! TEE? ( ! HYPOCRITICAL PRAISE ( ALL LABOR1 :ATSOEV] IT MAY BE1 ( :I* ,I HAVE MADE M5TION1 ?AT !RE IS SOME LABOR :I* IS SO F> FROM BE+ A BLESS+ ?AT IT IS A CURSE2 ?AT IT W\LD BE BETT] = ! COMMUNITY & = ! WORK] IF ! LATT] W]E TO FOLD HIS H&S & REFUSE TO WORK1 & EI!R DIE OR LET US PACK HIM (F TO ! WORKH\SE OR PRISON--:I* Y\ WILL4  

,H]E1 Y\ SEE1 >E TWO K9DS ( WORK--ONE GOOD1 ! O!R BAD2 ONE NOT F> REMOV$ FROM A BLESS+1 A LI<T5+ ( LIFE2 ! O!R A M]E CURSE1 A BURD5 TO LIFE4  

,:AT IS ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !M1 !N8  ,?IS3  ONE HAS HOPE 9 IT1 ! O!R HAS NOT4  ,IT IS MANLY TO DO ! ONE K9D ( WORK1 & MANLY ALSO TO REFUSE TO DO ! O!R4  

,:AT IS ! NATURE ( ! HOPE :I*1 :5 IT IS PRES5T 9 WORK1 MAKES IT WOR? DO+8  

,IT IS ?REEFOLD1 ,I ?9K--HOPE ( RE/1 HOPE ( PRODUCT1 HOPE ( PLEASURE 9 ! WORK ITSELF2 & HOPE ( !SE ALSO 9 SOME ABUNDANCE & ( GOOD QUALITY2 RE/ 5\< & GOOD 5\< TO BE WOR? HAV+2 PRODUCT WOR? HAV+ BY ONE :O IS NEI!R A FOOL NOR AN ASCETIC2 PLEASURE 5\< = ALL = US TO BE CONSCI\S ( IT :ILE WE >E AT WORK2 NOT A M]E HABIT1 ! LOSS ( :I* WE %ALL FEEL AS A FIDGETY MAN FEELS ! LOSS ( ! BIT ( /R+ HE FIDGETS )4  

,I HAVE PUT ! HOPE ( RE/ FIR/ BECAUSE IT IS ! SIMPLE/ & MO/ NATURAL P>T ( \R HOPE4  ,:ATEV] PLEASURE !RE IS 9 SOME WORK1 !RE IS C]TA9LY SOME PA9 9 ALL WORK1 ! BEA/-LIKE PA9 ( /IRR+ UP \R SLUMB]+ 5]GIES TO ACTION1 ! BEA/-LIKE DREAD ( *ANGE :5 ?+S >E PRETTY WELL ) US2 & ! COMP5SATION = ?IS ANIMAL PA9 IS ANIMAL RE/4  ,WE MU/ FEEL :ILE WE >E WORK+ ?AT ! TIME WILL COME :5 WE %ALL NOT HAVE TO WORK4  ,ALSO ! RE/1 :5 IT COMES1 MU/ BE LONG 5\< TO ALL[ US TO 5JOY IT2 IT MU/ BE LONG] ?AN IS M]ELY NECESS>Y = US TO RECOV] ! /R5G? WE HAVE EXP5D$ 9 WORK+1 & IT MU/ BE ANIMAL RE/ ALSO 9 ?IS1 ?AT IT MU/ NOT BE DI/URB$ BY ANXIETY1 ELSE WE %ALL NOT BE ABLE TO 5JOY IT4  ,IF WE HAVE ?IS AM\NT & K9D ( RE/ WE %ALL1 SO F>1 BE NO WORSE (F ?AN ! BEA/S4  

,AS TO ! HOPE ( PRODUCT1 ,I HAVE SAID ?AT ,NATURE COMPELS US TO WORK = ?AT4  ,IT REMA9S = ,U,S TO LOOK TO IT ?AT WE ,D,O REALLY PRODUCE SOME?+1 & NOT NO?+1 OR AT LEA/ NO?+ ?AT WE WANT OR >E ALL[$ TO USE4  ,IF WE LOOK TO ?IS & USE \R WILLS WE %ALL1 SO F>1 BE BETT] ?AN MA*9ES4  

,! HOPE ( PLEASURE 9 ! WORK ITSELF3  H[ /RANGE ?AT HOPE MU/ SEEM TO SOME ( MY READ]S--TO MO/ ( !M6  ,YET ,I ?9K ?AT TO ALL LIV+ ?+S !RE IS A PLEASURE 9 ! EX]CISE ( !IR 5]GIES1 & ?AT EV5 BEA/S REJOICE 9 BE+ LI! & SWIFT & /RONG4 ,BUT A MAN AT WORK1 MAK+ SOME?+ :I* HE FEELS WILL EXI/ BECAUSE HE IS WORK+ AT IT & WILLS IT1 IS EX]CIS+ ! 5]GIES ( HIS M9D & S\L AS WELL AS ( HIS BODY4  ,MEMORY & IMAG9ATION HELP HIM AS HE WORKS4  ,NOT ONLY HIS [N ?\<TS1 BUT ! ?\<TS ( ! M5 ( PA/ AGES GUIDE HIS H&S2 &1 AS A P>T ( ! HUMAN RACE1 HE CREATES4  ,IF WE WORK ?US WE %ALL BE M51 & \R DAYS WILL BE HAPPY & EV5TFUL4  

,?US WOR?Y WORK C>RIES ) IT ! HOPE ( PLEASURE 9 RE/1 ! HOPE ( ! PLEASURE 9 \R US+ :AT IT MAKES1 & ! HOPE ( PLEASURE 9 \R DAILY CREATIVE SKILL4  

,ALL O!R WORK BUT ?IS IS WOR?LESS2 IT IS SLAVES' WORK--M]E TOIL+ TO LIVE1 ?AT WE MAY LIVE TO TOIL4  

,!RE=E1 S9CE WE HAVE1 AS IT W]E1 A PAIR ( SCALES 9 :I* TO WEI< ! WORK N[ DONE 9 ! WORLD1 LET US USE !M4  ,LET US E/IMATE ! WOR?9ESS ( ! WORK WE DO1 AFT] SO MANY ?\S& YE>S ( TOIL1 SO MANY PROMISES ( HOPE DEF]R$1 SU* B\NDLESS EXULTATION OV] ! PROGRESS ( CIVILIZATION & ! GA9 ( LIB]TY4  

,N[1 ! FIR/ ?+ AS TO ! WORK DONE 9 CIVILIZATION & ! EASIE/ TO NOTICE IS ?AT IT IS PORTION$ \T V]Y UNEQUALLY AMONG ! DIFF]5T CLASSES ( SOCIETY4  ,FIR/1 !RE >E PEOPLE--NOT A FEW--:O DO NO WORK1 & MAKE NO PRET5SE ( DO+ ANY4  ,NEXT1 !RE >E PEOPLE1 & V]Y MANY ( !M1 :O WORK FAIRLY H>D1 ?\< ) ABUNDANT EASEM5TS & HOLIDAYS1 CLAIM$ & ALL[$2 & LA/LY1 !RE >E PEOPLE :O WORK SO H>D ?AT !Y MAY BE SAID TO DO NO?+ ELSE ?AN WORK1 & >E ACCORD+LY CALL$ 0! WORK+ CLASSES10 AS DI/+UI%$ FROM ! MIDDLE CLASSES & ! RI*1 OR >I/OCRACY1 :OM ,I HAVE M5TION$ ABOVE4  

,IT IS CLE> ?AT ?IS 9EQUALITY PRESSES HEAVILY UPON ! 0WORK+0 CLASS1 & MU/ VISIBLY T5D TO DE/ROY !IR HOPE ( RE/ AT LEA/1 & SO1 9 ?AT P>TICUL>1 MAKE !M WORSE (F ?AN M]E BEA/S ( ! FIELD2 BUT ?AT IS NOT ! SUM & 5D ( \R FOLLY ( TURN+ USEFUL WORK 9TO USELESS TOIL1 BUT ONLY ! BEG9N+ ( IT4  

,= FIR/1 AS TO ! CLASS ( RI* PEOPLE DO+ NO WORK1 WE ALL KN[ ?AT !Y CONSUME A GREAT DEAL :ILE !Y PRODUCE NO?+4 ,!RE=E1 CLE>LY1 !Y HAVE TO BE KEPT AT ! EXP5SE ( ?OSE :O DO WORK1 JU/ AS PAUP]S HAVE1 & >E A M]E BURD5 ON ! COMMUNITY4  ,9 !SE DAYS !RE >E MANY :O HAVE LE>N$ TO SEE ?IS1 ?\< !Y CAN SEE NO FUR!R 9TO ! EVILS ( \R PRES5T SY/EM1 & HAVE =M$ NO IDEA ( ANY S*EME = GETT+ RID ( ?IS BURD52 ?\< P]HAPS !Y HAVE A VAGUE HOPE ?AT *ANGES 9 ! SY/EM ( VOT+ = MEMB]S ( ! ,H\SE ( ,COMMONS MAY1 AS IF BY MAGIC1 T5D 9 ?AT DIRECTION4  ,) SU* HOPES OR SUP]/ITIONS WE NE$ NOT TR\BLE \RSELVES4  ,MOREOV]1 ?IS CLASS1 ! >I/OCRACY1 ONCE ?\<T MO/ NECESS>Y TO ! ,/ATE1 IS SCANT ( NUMB]S1 & HAS N[ NO P[] ( ITS [N1 BUT DEP5DS ON ! SUPPORT ( ! CLASS NEXT BEL[ IT--! MIDDLE CLASS4  ,9 FACT1 IT IS REALLY COMPOS$ EI!R ( ! MO/ SUCCESSFUL M5 ( ?AT CLASS1 OR ( !IR IMM$IATE DESC5DANTS4  

,AS TO ! MIDDLE CLASS1 9CLUD+ ! TRAD+1 MANUFACTUR+1 & PR(ESSIONAL PEOPLE ( \R SOCIETY1 !Y DO1 AS A RULE1 SEEM TO WORK QUITE H>D 5\<1 & SO AT FIR/ SI<T MI<T BE ?\<T TO HELP ! COMMUNITY1 & NOT BURD5 IT4  ,BUT BY F> ! GREAT] P>T ( !M1 ?\< !Y WORK1 DO NOT PRODUCE1 & EV5 :5 !Y DO PRODUCE1 AS 9 ! CASE ( ?OSE 5GAG$ 7WA/EFULLY 9DE$7 9 ! DI/RIBUTION ( GOODS1 OR DOCTORS1 OR 7G5U9E7 >TI/S & LIT]>Y M51 !Y CONSUME \T ( ALL PROPORTION TO !IR DUE %>E4  ,! COMM]CIAL & MANUFACTUR+ P>T ( !M1 ! MO/ P[]FUL P>T1 SP5D !IR LIVES & 5]GIES 9 FI<T+ AMONG !MSELVES = !IR RESPECTIVE %>ES ( ! WEAL? :I* !Y ,=,C,E ! G5U9E WORK]S TO PROVIDE = !M2 ! O!RS >E ALMO/ :OLLY ! HANG]S-ON ( !SE2 !Y DO NOT WORK = ! PUBLIC1 BUT A PRIVILEG$ CLASS3  !Y >E ! P>ASITES ( PROP]TY1 SOMETIMES1 AS 9 ! CASE ( LAWY]S1 UNDISGUIS$LY SO2 SOMETIMES1 AS ! DOCTORS & O!RS ABOVE M5TION$1 PR(ESS+ TO BE USEFUL1 BUT TOO (T5 ( NO USE SAVE AS SUPPORT]S ( ! SY/EM ( FOLLY1 FRAUD1 & TYRANNY ( :I* !Y =M A P>T4  ,& ALL !SE WE MU/ REMEMB] HAVE1 AS A RULE1 ONE AIM 9 VIEW2 NOT ! PRODUCTION ( UTILITIES1 BUT ! GA9+ ( A POSITION EI!R = !MSELVES OR !IR *ILDR5 9 :I* !Y WILL NOT HAVE TO WORK AT ALL4  ,IT IS !IR AMBITION & ! 5D ( !IR :OLE LIVES TO GA91 IF NOT = !MSELVES YET AT LEA/ = !IR *ILDR51 ! PR\D POSITION ( BE+ OBVI\S BURD5S ON ! COMMUNITY4  ,= !IR WORK ITSELF 9 SPITE ( ! %AM DIGNITY ) :I* !Y SURR\ND IT1 !Y C>E NO?+3  SAVE A FEW 5?USIA/S1 M5 ( SCI5CE1 >T OR LETT]S1 :O1 IF !Y >E NOT ! SALT ( ! E>?1 >E AT LEA/ 7& OH1 ! PITY ( IT67 ! SALT ( ! MIS]ABLE SY/EM ( :I* !Y >E ! SLAVES1 :I* H9D]S & ?W>TS !M AT EV]Y TURN1 & EV5 SOMETIMES CORRUPTS !M4  

,H]E !N IS ANO!R CLASS1 ?IS TIME V]Y NUM]\S & ALL-P[]FUL1 :I* PRODUCES V]Y LITTLE & CONSUMES 5ORM\SLY1 & IS !RE=E 9 ! MA9 SUPPORT$1 AS PAUP]S >E1 BY ! REAL PRODUC]S4  ,! CLASS ?AT REMA9S TO BE CONSID]$ PRODUCES ALL ?AT IS PRODUC$1 & SUPPORTS BO? ITSELF & ! O!R CLASSES1 ?\< IT IS PLAC$ 9 A POSITION ( 9F]IORITY TO !M2 REAL 9F]IORITY1 M9D Y\1 9VOLV+ A DEGRADATION BO? ( M9D & BODY4  ,BUT IT IS A NECESS>Y CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS TYRANNY & FOLLY ?AT AGA9 MANY ( !SE WORK]S >E NOT PRODUC]S4  ,A VA/ NUMB] ( !M ONCE MORE >E M]ELY P>ASITES ( PROP]TY1 SOME ( !M OP5LY SO1 AS ! SOLDI]S BY L& & SEA :O >E KEPT ON FOOT = ! P]PETUAT+ ( NATIONAL RIVALRIES & 5MITIES1 & = ! PURPOSES ( ! NATIONAL /RUGGLE = ! %>E ( ! PRODUCT ( UNPAID LABOR4  ,BUT BESIDES ?IS OBVI\S BURD5 ON ! PRODUC]S & ! SC>CELY LESS OBVI\S ONE ( DOME/IC S]VANTS1 !RE IS FIR/ ! >MY ( CL]KS1 %OP- ASSI/ANTS1 & SO =?1 :O >E 5GAG$ 9 ! S]VICE ( ! PRIVATE W> = WEAL?1 :I*1 AS ABOVE SAID1 IS ! REAL OCCUPATION ( ! WELL-TO-DO MIDDLE CLASS4  ,?IS IS A L>G] BODY ( WORK]S ?AN MI<T BE SUPPOS$1 = IT 9CLUDES AMONG O!RS ALL ?OSE 5GAG$ 9 :AT ,I %\LD CALL COMPETITIVE SALESMAN%IP1 OR1 TO USE A LESS DIGNIFI$ WORD1 ! PUFF]Y ( W>ES1 :I* HAS N[ GOT TO SU* A PIT* ?AT !RE >E MANY ?+S :I* CO/ F> MORE TO SELL ?AN !Y DO TO MAKE4  

,NEXT !RE IS ! MASS ( PEOPLE EMPLOY$ 9 MAK+ ALL ?OSE >TICLES ( FOLLY & LUXURY1 ! DEM& = :I* IS ! \TCOME ( ! EXI/5CE ( ! RI* NON-PRODUC+ CLASSES2 ?+S :I* PEOPLE LEAD+ A MANLY & UNCORRUPT$ LIFE W\LD NOT ASK = OR DREAM (4 ,!SE ?+S1 :OEV] MAY GA9SAY ME1 ,I WILL = EV] REFUSE TO CALL WEAL?3  !Y >E NOT WEAL?1 BUT WA/E4  ,WEAL? IS :AT ,NATURE GIVES US & :AT A REASONABLE MAN CAN MAKE \T ( ! GIFTS ( ,NATURE = HIS REASONABLE USE4  ,! SUNLI<T1 ! FRE% AIR1 ! UNSPOIL$ FACE ( ! E>?1 FOOD1 RAIM5T & H\S+ NECESS>Y & DEC5T2 ! /OR+ UP ( KN[L$GE ( ALL K9DS1 & ! P[] ( DISSEM9AT+ IT2 MEANS ( FREE COMMUNICATION BETWE5 MAN & MAN2 WORKS ( >T1 ! BEAUTY :I* MAN CREATES :5 HE IS MO/ A MAN1 MO/ ASPIR+ & ?\<TFUL--ALL ?+S :I* S]VE ! PLEASURE ( PEOPLE1 FREE1 MANLY & UNCORRUPT$4  ,?IS IS WEAL?4  ,NOR CAN ,I ?9K ( ANY?+ WOR? HAV+ :I* DOES NOT COME UND] ONE OR O!R ( !SE HEADS4 ,BUT ?9K1 ,I BESEE* Y\1 ( ! PRODUCT ( ,5GL&1 ! WORK%OP ( ! WORLD1 & WILL Y\ NOT BE BEWILD]$1 AS ,I AM1 AT ! ?\<T ( ! MASS ( ?+S :I* NO SANE MAN C\LD DESIRE1 BUT :I* \R USELESS TOIL MAKES--& SELLS8  

,N[1 FUR!R1 !RE IS EV5 A SADD] 9DU/RY YET1 :I* IS =C$ ON MANY1 V]Y MANY1 ( \R WORK]S--! MAK+ ( W>ES :I* >E NECESS>Y TO !M & !IR BRE?R51 ,B,E,C,A,U,S,E ,!,Y ,>,E ,A,N ,9,F,],I,O,R ,C,L,A,S,S4  ,= IF MANY M5 LIVE )\T PRODUC+1 NAY1 MU/ LIVE LIVES SO EMPTY & FOOLI% ?AT !Y ,=,C,E A GREAT P>T ( ! WORK]S TO PRODUCE W>ES :I* NO ONE NE$S1 NOT EV5 ! RI*1 IT FOLL[S ?AT MO/ M5 MU/ BE POOR2 &1 LIV+ AS !Y DO ON WAGES FROM ?OSE :OM !Y SUPPORT1 CANNOT GET = !IR USE ! ,G,O,O,D,S :I* M5 NATURALLY DESIRE1 BUT MU/ PUT UP ) MIS]ABLE MAKE%IFTS = !M1 ) CO>SE FOOD ?AT DOES NOT N\RI%1 ) ROTT5 RAIM5T :I* DOES NOT %ELT]1 ) WRET*$ H\SES :I* MAY WELL MAKE A T[N- DWELL] 9 CIVILIZATION LOOK BACK ) REGRET TO ! T5T ( ! NOMAD TRIBE1 OR ! CAVE ( ! PREHI/ORIC SAVAGE4  ,NAY1 ! WORK]S MU/ EV5 L5D A H& TO ! GREAT 9DU/RIAL 9V5TION ( ! AGE--ADULT]ATION1 & BY ITS HELP PRODUCE = !IR [N USE %AMS & MOCK]IES ( ! LUXURY ( ! RI*2 = ! WAGE-E>N]S MU/ ALWAYS LIVE AS ! WAGE-PAY]S BID !M1 & !IR V]Y HABITS ( LIFE >E ,=,C,$ ON !M BY !IR MA/]S4  

,BUT IT IS WA/E ( TIME TO TRY TO EXPRESS 9 WORDS DUE CONTEMPT ( ! PRODUCTIONS ( ! MU*-PRAIS$ *EAPNESS ( \R EPO*4  ,IT MU/ BE 5\< TO SAY ?AT ?IS *EAPNESS IS NECESS>Y TO ! SY/EM ( EXPLOIT+ ON :I* MOD]N MANUFACTURE RE/S4  ,9 O!R WORDS1 \R SOCIETY 9CLUDES A GREAT MASS ( SLAVES1 :O MU/ BE F$1 CLO!D1 H\S$ & AMUS$ AS SLAVES1 & ?AT !IR DAILY NECESSITY COMPELS !M TO MAKE ! SLAVE-W>ES :OSE USE IS ! P]PETUATION ( !IR SLAV]Y4  

,TO SUM UP1 !N1 CONC]N+ ! MANN] ( WORK 9 CIVILIZ$ ,/ATES1 !SE ,/ATES >E COMPOS$ ( ?REE CLASSES--A CLASS :I* DOES NOT EV5 PRET5D TO WORK1 A CLASS :I* PRET5DS TO WORK BUT :I* PRODUCES NO?+1 & A CLASS :I* WORKS1 BUT IS COMPELL$ BY ! O!R TWO CLASSES TO DO WORK :I* IS (T5 UNPRODUCTIVE4  

,CIVILIZATION !RE=E WA/ES ITS [N RES\RCES1 & WILL DO SO AS LONG AS ! PRES5T SY/EM LA/S4  ,!SE >E COLD WORDS ) :I* TO DESCRIBE ! TYRANNY UND] :I* WE SUFF]2 TRY !N TO CONSID] :AT !Y MEAN4  

,!RE IS A C]TA9 AM\NT ( NATURAL MAT]IAL & ( NATURAL =CES 9 ! WORLD1 & A C]TA9 AM\NT ( LABOR-P[] 9H]5T 9 ! P]SONS ( ! M5 ?AT 9HABIT IT4  ,M5 URG$ BY !IR NECESSITIES & DESIRES HAVE LABOR$ = MANY ?\S&S ( YE>S AT ! TASK ( SUBJUGAT+ ! =CES ( ,NATURE & ( MAK+ ! NATURAL MAT]IAL USEFUL TO !M4  ,TO \R EYES1 S9CE WE CANNOT SEE 9TO ! FUTURE1 ?AT /RUGGLE ) ,NATURE SEEMS NE>LY OV]1 & ! VICTORY ( ! HUMAN RACE OV] H] NE>LY COMPLETE4  ,&1 LOOK+ BACKW>DS TO ! TIME :5 HI/ORY FIR/ BEGAN1 WE NOTE ?AT ! PROGRESS ( ?AT VICTORY HAS BE5 F> SWIFT] & MORE />TL+ )9 ! LA/ TWO HUNDR$ YE>S ?AN EV] BE=E4  ,SURELY1 !RE=E1 WE MOD]NS \<T TO BE 9 ALL WAYS VA/LY BETT] (F ?AN ANY :O HAVE GONE BE=E US4 ,SURELY WE \<T1 ONE & ALL ( US1 TO BE WEAL?Y1 TO BE WELL FURNI%$ ) ! GOOD ?+S :I* \R VICTORY OV] ,NATURE HAS WON = US4  

,BUT :AT IS ! REAL FACT8  ,:O WILL D>E TO D5Y ?AT ! GREAT MASS ( CIVILIZ$ M5 >E POOR8  ,SO POOR >E !Y ?AT IT IS M]E *ILDI%NESS TR\BL+ \RSELVES TO DISCUSS :E!R P]HAPS !Y >E 9 SOME WAYS A LITTLE BETT] (F ?AN !IR =EFA!RS4  ,!Y >E POOR2 NOR CAN !IR POV]TY BE MEASUR$ BY ! POV]TY ( A RES\RCELESS SAVAGE1 = HE KN[S ( NO?+ ELSE ?AN HIS POV]TY2 ?AT HE %\LD BE COLD1 HUNGRY1 H\SELESS1 DIRTY1 IGNORANT1 ALL ?AT IS TO HIM AS NATURAL AS ?AT HE %\LD HAVE A SK94  ,BUT = US1 = ! MO/ ( US1 CIVILIZATION HAS BR$ DESIRES :I* %E =BIDS US TO SATISFY1 & SO IS NOT M]ELY A NIGG>D BUT A TORTUR] ALSO4  

,?US !N HAVE ! FRUITS ( \R VICTORY OV] ,NATURE BE5 /OL5 FROM US1 ?US HAS COMPULSION BY ,NATURE TO LABOR 9 HOPE ( RE/1 GA91 & PLEASURE BE5 TURN$ 9TO COMPULSION BY MAN TO LABOR 9 HOPE--( LIV+ TO LABOR6  

,:AT %ALL WE DO !N1 CAN WE M5D IT8  

,WELL1 REMEMB] ONCE MORE ?AT IT IS NOT \R REMOTE ANCE/ORS :O A*IEV$ ! VICTORY OV] ,NATURE1 BUT \R FA!RS1 NAY1 \R V]Y SELVES4  ,= US TO SIT HOPELESS & HELPLESS !N W\LD BE A /RANGE FOLLY 9DE$3  BE SURE ?AT WE CAN AM5D IT4  ,:AT1 !N1 IS ! FIR/ ?+ TO BE DONE8  

,WE HAVE SE5 ?AT MOD]N SOCIETY IS DIVID$ 9TO TWO CLASSES1 ONE ( :I* IS ,P,R,I,V,I,L,E,G,$ TO BE KEPT BY ! LABOR ( ! O!R--?AT IS1 IT =CES ! O!R TO WORK = IT & TAKES FROM ?IS 9F]IOR CLASS EV]Y?+ ?AT IT ,C,A,N TAKE FROM IT1 & USES ! WEAL? SO TAK5 TO KEEP ITS [N MEMB]S 9 A SUP]IOR POSITION1 TO MAKE !M BE+S ( A HI<] ORD] ?AN ! O!RS3  LONG] LIV$1 MORE BEAUTIFUL1 MORE HONOR$1 MORE REF9$ ?AN ?OSE ( ! O!R CLASS4  ,I DO NOT SAY ?AT IT TR\BLES ITSELF AB\T ITS MEMB]S BE+ POSITIVELY LONG LIV$1 BEAUTIFUL OR REF9$1 BUT M]ELY 9SI/S ?AT !Y %ALL BE SO RELATIVELY TO ! 9F]IOR CLASS4  ,AS ALSO IT CANNOT USE ! LABOR- P[] ( ! 9F]IOR CLASS FAIRLY 9 PRODUC+ REAL WEAL?1 IT WA/ES IT :OLESALE 9 ! PRODUCTION ( RUBBI%4  

,IT IS ?IS ROBB]Y & WA/E ON ! P>T ( ! M9ORITY :I* KEEPS ! MAJORITY POOR2 IF IT C\LD BE %[N ?AT IT IS NECESS>Y = ! PRES]VATION ( SOCIETY ?AT ?IS %\LD BE SUBMITT$ TO1 LITTLE MORE C\LD BE SAID ON ! MATT]1 SAVE ?AT ! DESPAIR ( ! OPPRESS$ MAJORITY W\LD PROBABLY AT SOME TIME OR O!R DE/ROY ,SOCIETY4  ,BUT IT HAS BE5 %[N1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 EV5 BY SU* 9COMPLETE EXP]IM5TS1 = 9/ANCE1 AS ,COOP]ATION 7SO CALL$71 ?AT ! EXI/5CE ( A PRIVILEG$ CLASS IS BY NO MEANS NECESS>Y = ! PRODUCTION ( WEAL?1 BUT RA!R = ! 0GOV]NM5T0 ( ! PRODUC]S ( WEAL?1 OR1 9 O!R WORDS1 = ! UPHOLD+ ( PRIVILEGE4  

,! FIR/ /EP TO BE TAK5 !N IS TO ABOLI% A CLASS ( M5 PRIVILEG$ TO %IRK !IR DUTIES AS M51 ?US =C+ O!RS TO DO ! WORK :I* !Y REFUSE TO DO4  ,ALL MU/ WORK ACCORD+ TO !IR ABILITY1 & SO PRODUCE :AT !Y CONSUME--?AT IS1 EA* MAN %\LD WORK AS WELL AS HE CAN = HIS [N LIVELIHOOD1 & HIS LIVELIHOOD %\LD BE ASSUR$ TO HIM2 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ALL ! ADVANTAGES :I* SOCIETY W\LD PROVIDE = EA* & ALL ( ITS MEMB]S4  

,?US1 AT LA/1 W\LD TRUE ,SOCIETY BE F\ND$4  ,IT W\LD RE/ ON EQUALITY ( CONDITION4  ,NO MAN W\LD BE TORM5T$ = ! B5EFIT ( ANO!R--NAY1 NO ONE MAN W\LD BE TORM5T$ = ! B5EFIT ( ,SOCIETY4  ,NOR1 9DE$1 CAN ?AT ORD] BE CALL$ ,SOCIETY :I* IS NOT UPHELD = ! B5EFIT ( EV]Y ONE ( ITS MEMB]S4  

,BUT S9CE M5 LIVE N[1 BADLY AS !Y LIVE1 :5 SO MANY PEOPLE DO NOT PRODUCE AT ALL1 & :5 SO MU* WORK IS WA/$1 IT IS CLE> ?AT1 UND] CONDITIONS :]E ALL PRODUC$ & NO WORK WAS WA/$1 NOT ONLY W\LD EV]Y ONE WORK ) ! C]TA9 HOPE ( GA9+ A DUE %>E ( WEAL? BY HIS WORK1 BUT ALSO HE C\LD NOT MISS HIS DUE %>E ( RE/4  ,H]E1 !N1 >E TWO \T ( ! ?REE K9DS ( HOPE M5TION$ ABOVE AS AN ESS5TIAL P>T ( WOR?Y WORK ASSUR$ TO ! WORK]4  ,:5 CLASS ROBB]Y IS ABOLI%$1 EV]Y MAN WILL REAP ! FRUITS ( HIS LABOR1 EV]Y MAN WILL HAVE DUE RE/--LEISURE1 ?AT IS4 ,SOME ,SOCIALI/S MI<T SAY WE NE$ NOT GO ANY FUR!R ?AN ?IS2 IT IS 5\< ?AT ! WORK] %\LD GET ! FULL PRODUCE ( HIS WORK1 & ?AT HIS RE/ %\LD BE ABUNDANT4  ,BUT ?\< ! COMPULSION ( MAN'S TYRANNY IS ?US ABOLI%$1 ,I YET DEM& COMP5SATION = ! COMPULSION ( ,NATURE'S NECESSITY4  ,AS LONG AS ! WORK IS REPULSIVE IT WILL /ILL BE A BURD5 :I* MU/ BE TAK5 UP DAILY1 & EV5 SO W\LD M> \R LIFE1 EV5 ?\< ! H\RS ( LABOR W]E %ORT4  ,:AT WE WANT TO DO IS TO ADD TO \R WEAL? )\T DIM9I%+ \R PLEASURE4  ,NATURE WILL NOT BE F9ALLY CONQU]$ TILL \R WORK BECOMES A P>T ( ! PLEASURE ( \R LIVES4  

,?AT FIR/ /EP ( FREE+ PEOPLE FROM ! COMPULSION TO LABOR NE$LESSLY WILL AT LEA/ PUT US ON ! WAY T[>DS ?IS HAPPY 5D2 = WE %ALL !N HAVE TIME & OPPORTUNITIES = BR++ IT AB\T4 ,AS ?+S >E N[1 BETWE5 ! WA/E ( LABOR-P[] 9 M]E IDL5ESS & ITS WA/E 9 UNPRODUCTIVE WORK1 IT IS CLE> ?AT ! WORLD ( CIVILIZATION IS SUPPORT$ BY A SMALL P>T ( ITS PEOPLE2 :5 ALL W]E WORK+ USEFULLY = ITS SUPPORT1 ! %>E ( WORK :I* EA* W\LD HAVE TO DO W\LD BE BUT SMALL1 IF \R /&>D ( LIFE W]E AB\T ON ! FOOT+ ( :AT WELL-TO-DO & REF9$ PEOPLE N[ ?9K DESIRABLE4  ,WE %ALL HAVE LABOR-P[] TO SP>E1 & %ALL1 9 %ORT1 BE AS WEAL?Y AS WE PLEASE4  ,IT WILL BE EASY TO LIVE4  ,IF WE W]E TO WAKE UP SOME MORN+ N[1 UND] \R PRES5T SY/EM1 & F9D IT 0EASY TO LIVE10 ?AT SY/EM W\LD =CE US TO SET TO WORK AT ONCE & MAKE IT H>D TO LIVE2 WE %\LD CALL ?AT 0DEVELOP+ \R RES\RCES10 OR SOME SU* F9E NAME4  ,! MULTIPLICATION ( LABOR HAS BECOME A NECESSITY = US1 & AS LONG AS ?AT GOES ON NO +5UITY 9 ! 9V5TION ( MA*9ES WILL BE ( ANY REAL USE TO US4  ,EA* NEW MA*9E WILL CAUSE A C]TA9 AM\NT ( MIS]Y AMONG ! WORK]S :OSE SPECIAL 9DU/RY IT MAY DI/URB2 SO MANY ( !M WILL BE R$UC$ FROM SKILL$ TO UNSKILL$ WORKM51 & !N GRADUALLY MATT]S WILL SLIP 9TO !IR DUE GROOVES1 & ALL WILL WORK APP>5TLY SMOO?LY AGA92 & IF IT W]E NOT ?AT ALL ?IS IS PREP>+ REVOLUTION1 ?+S W\LD BE1 = ! GREAT] P>T ( M51 JU/ AS !Y W]E BE=E ! NEW WOND]FUL 9V5TION4  

,BUT :5 REVOLUTION HAS MADE IT 0EASY TO LIVE10 :5 ALL >E WORK+ H>MONI\SLY TOGE!R & !RE IS NO ONE TO ROB ! WORK] ( HIS TIME1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 HIS LIFE2 9 ?OSE COM+ DAYS !RE WILL BE NO COMPULSION ON US TO GO ON PRODUC+ ?+S WE DO NOT WANT1 NO COMPULSION ON US TO LABOR = NO?+2 WE %ALL BE ABLE CALMLY & ?\<TFULLY TO CONSID] :AT WE %ALL DO ) \R WEAL? ( LABOR- P[]4  ,N[1 = MY P>T1 ,I ?9K ! FIR/ USE WE \<T TO MAKE ( ?AT WEAL?1 ( ?AT FRE$OM1 %\LD BE TO MAKE ALL \R LABOR1 EV5 ! COMMONE/ & MO/ NECESS>Y1 PLEASANT TO EV]YBODY2 = ?9K+ OV] ! MATT] C>EFULLY ,I CAN SEE ?AT ! ONE C\RSE :I* WILL C]TA9LY MAKE LIFE HAPPY 9 ! FACE ( ALL ACCID5TS & TR\BLES IS TO TAKE A PLEASURABLE 9T]E/ 9 ALL ! DETAILS ( LIFE4  ,& LE/ P]*ANCE Y\ ?9K ?AT AN ASS]TION TOO UNIV]SALLY ACCEPT$ TO BE WOR? MAK+1 LET ME REM9D Y\ H[ 5TIRELY MOD]N CIVILIZATION =BIDS IT2 ) :AT SORDID1 & EV5 T]RIBLE1 DETAILS IT SURR\NDS ! LIFE ( ! POOR1 :AT A ME*ANICAL & EMPTY LIFE %E =CES ON ! RI*2 & H[ R>E A HOLIDAY IT IS = ANY ( US TO FEEL \RSELVES A P>T ( ,NATURE1 & UNHURRI$LY1 ?\<TFULLY1 & HAPPILY TO NOTE ! C\RSE ( \R LIVES AMID ALL ! LITTLE L9KS ( EV5TS :I* CONNECT !M ) ! LIVES ( O!RS1 & BUILD UP ! GREAT :OLE ( HUMANITY4  

,BUT SU* A HOLIDAY \R :OLE LIVES MI<T BE1 IF WE W]E RESOLUTE TO MAKE ALL \R LABOR REASONABLE & PLEASANT4  ,BUT WE MU/ BE RESOLUTE 9DE$2 = NO HALF MEASURES WILL HELP US H]E4  ,IT HAS BE5 SAID ALREADY ?AT \R PRES5T JOYLESS LABOR1 & \R LIVES SC>$ & ANXI\S AS ! LIFE ( A HUNT$ BEA/1 >E =C$ UPON US BY ! PRES5T SY/EM ( PRODUC+ = ! PR(IT ( ! PRIVILEG$ CLASSES4 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO /ATE :AT ?IS MEANS4  ,UND] ! PRES5T SY/EM ( WAGES & CAPITAL ! 0MANUFACTUR]0 7MO/ ABSURDLY SO CALL$1 S9CE A MANUFACTUR] MEANS A P]SON :O MAKES ) HIS H&S7 HAV+ A MONOPOLY ( ! MEANS :]EBY ! P[] TO LABOR 9H]5T 9 EV]Y MAN'S BODY CAN BE US$ = PRODUCTION1 IS ! MA/] ( ?OSE :O >E NOT SO PRIVILEG$2 HE1 & HE ALONE1 IS ABLE TO MAKE USE ( ?IS LABOR-P[]1 :I*1 ON ! O!R H&1 IS ! ONLY COMMODITY BY MEANS ( :I* HIS 0CAPITAL10 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ! ACCUMULAT$ PRODUCT ( PA/ LABOR1 CAN BE MADE PRODUCTIVE TO HIM4  ,HE !RE=E BUYS ! LABOR-P[] ( ?OSE :O >E B>E ( CAPITAL & CAN ONLY LIVE BY SELL+ IT TO HIM2 HIS PURPOSE 9 ?IS TRANSACTION IS TO 9CREASE HIS CAPITAL1 TO MAKE IT BRE$4  ,IT IS CLE> ?AT IF HE PAID ?OSE ) :OM HE MAKES HIS B>GA9 ! FULL VALUE ( !IR LABOR1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ALL ?AT !Y PRODUC$1 HE W\LD FAIL 9 HIS PURPOSE4  ,BUT S9CE HE IS ! MONOPOLI/ ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTIVE LABOR1 HE CAN ,C,O,M,P,E,L !M TO MAKE A B>GA9 BETT] = HIM & WORSE = !M ?AN ?AT2 :I* B>GA9 IS ?AT AFT] !Y HAVE E>N$ !IR LIVELIHOOD1 E/IMAT$ ACCORD+ TO A /&>D HI< 5\< TO 5SURE !IR PEACEABLE SUBMISSION TO HIS MA/]%IP1 ! RE/ 7& BY F> ! L>G] P>T AS A MATT] ( FACT7 ( :AT !Y PRODUCE %ALL BELONG TO HIM1 %ALL BE HIS ,P,R,O,P,],T,Y TO DO AS HE LIKES )1 TO USE OR ABUSE AT HIS PLEASURE2 :I* PROP]TY IS1 AS WE ALL KN[1 JEAL\SLY GU>D$ BY >MY & NAVY1 POLICE & PRISON2 9 %ORT1 BY ?AT HUGE MASS ( PHYSICAL =CE :I* SUP]/ITION1 HABIT1 FE> ( DEA? BY />VATION--,I,G,N,O,R,A,N,C,E1 9 ONE WORD1 AMONG ! PROP]TYLESS MASSES 5ABLES ! PROP]TI$ CLASSES TO USE = ! SUBJECTION (--!IR SLAVES4  

,N[1 AT O!R TIMES1 O!R EVILS RESULT+ FROM ?IS SY/EM MAY BE PUT =W>D4  ,:AT ,I WANT TO PO9T \T N[ IS ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( \R ATTA9+ TO ATTRACTIVE LABOR UND] ?IS SY/EM1 & TO REPEAT ?AT IT IS ?IS ROBB]Y 7!RE IS NO O!R WORD = IT7 :I* WA/ES ! AVAILABLE LABOR-P[] ( ! CIVILIZ$ WORLD1 =C+ MANY M5 TO DO NO?+1 & MANY1 V]Y MANY MORE TO DO NO?+ USEFUL2 & =C+ ?OSE :O C>RY ON REALLY USEFUL LABOR TO MO/ BURD5SOME OV]-WORK4  ,= UND]/& ONCE = ALL ?AT ! 0MANUFACTUR]0 AIMS PRIM>ILY AT PRODUC+1 BY MEANS ( ! LABOR HE HAS /OL5 FROM O!RS1 NOT GOODS BUT PR(ITS1 ?AT IS1 ! 0WEAL?0 ?AT IS PRODUC$ OV] & ABOVE ! LIVELIHOOD ( HIS WORKM51 & ! WE> & TE> ( HIS MA*9]Y4  ,:E!R ?AT 0WEAL?0 IS REAL OR %AM MATT]S NO?+ TO HIM4  ,IF IT SELLS & YIELDS HIM A 0PR(IT0 IT IS ALL RI<T4  ,I HAVE SAID ?AT1 [+ TO !RE BE+ RI* PEOPLE :O HAVE MORE MONEY ?AN !Y CAN SP5D REASONABLY1 & :O !RE=E BUY %AM WEAL?1 !RE IS WA/E ON ?AT SIDE2 & ALSO ?AT1 [+ TO !RE BE+ POOR PEOPLE :O CANNOT AF=D TO BUY ?+S :I* >E WOR? MAK+1 !RE IS WA/E ON ?AT SIDE4  ,SO ?AT ! 0DEM&0 :I* ! CAPITALI/ 0SUPPLIES0 IS A FALSE DEM&4  ,! M>KET 9 :I* HE SELLS IS 0RIGG$0 BY ! MIS]ABLE 9EQUALITIES PRODUC$ BY ! ROBB]Y ( ! SY/EM ( ,CAPITAL & ,WAGES4  

,IT IS ?IS SY/EM1 !RE=E1 :I* WE MU/ BE RESOLUTE 9 GETT+ RID (1 IF WE >E TO ATTA9 TO HAPPY & USEFUL WORK = ALL4  ,! FIR/ /EP T[>DS MAK+ LABOR ATTRACTIVE IS TO GET ! MEANS ( MAK+ LABOR FRUITFUL1 ! ,CAPITAL1 9CLUD+ ! L&1 MA*9]Y1 FACTORIES1 @&C41 9TO ! H&S ( ! COMMUNITY1 TO BE US$ = ! GOOD ( ALL ALIKE1 SO ?AT WE MI<T ALL WORK AT 0SUPPLY+0 ! REAL 0DEM&S0 ( EA* & ALL--?AT IS TO SAY1 WORK = LIVELIHOOD1 9/EAD ( WORK+ TO SUPPLY ! DEM& ( ! PR(IT M>KET--9/EAD ( WORK+ = PR(IT--I4E41 ! P[] ( COMPELL+ O!R M5 TO WORK AGA9/ !IR WILL4  

,:5 ?IS FIR/ /EP HAS BE5 TAK5 & M5 BEG9 TO UND]/& ?AT ,NATURE WILLS ALL M5 EI!R TO WORK OR />VE1 & :5 !Y >E NO LONG] SU* FOOLS AS TO ALL[ SOME ! ALT]NATIVE ( /EAL+1 :5 ?IS HAPPY DAY IS COME1 WE %ALL !N BE RELIEV$ FROM ! TAX ( WA/E1 & CONSEQU5TLY %ALL F9D ?AT WE HAVE1 AS A=ESAID1 A MASS ( LABOR-P[] AVAILABLE1 :I* WILL 5ABLE US TO LIVE AS WE PLEASE )9 REASONABLE LIMITS4  ,WE %ALL NO LONG] BE HURRI$ & DRIV5 BY ! FE> ( />VATION1 :I* AT PRES5T PRESSES NO LESS ON ! GREAT] P>T ( M5 9 CIVILIZ$ COMMUNITIES ?AN IT DOES ON M]E SAVAGES4  ,! FIR/ & MO/ OBVI\S NECESSITIES WILL BE SO EASILY PROVID$ = 9 A COMMUNITY 9 :I* !RE IS NO WA/E ( LABOR1 ?AT WE %ALL HAVE TIME TO LOOK R\ND & CONSID] :AT WE REALLY DO WANT1 ?AT CAN BE OBTA9$ )\T OV]-TAX+ \R 5]GIES2 = ! (T5-EXPRESS$ FE> ( M]E IDL5ESS FALL+ UPON US :5 ! =CE SUPPLI$ BY ! PRES5T HI]>*Y ( COMPULSION IS )DRAWN1 IS A FE> :I* IS BUT G5]AT$ BY ! BURD5 ( EXCESSIVE & REPULSIVE LABOR1 :I* WE MO/ ( US HAVE TO BE> AT PRES5T4  

,I SAY ONCE MORE ?AT1 9 MY BELIEF1 ! FIR/ ?+ :I* WE %ALL ?9K SO NECESS>Y AS TO BE WOR? SACRIFIC+ SOME IDLE TIME =1 WILL BE ! ATTRACTIV5ESS ( LABOR4  ,NO V]Y HEAVY SACRIFICE WILL BE REQUIR$ = ATTA9+ ?IS OBJECT1 BUT SOME ,W,I,L,L BE REQUIR$4 ,= WE MAY HOPE ?AT M5 :O HAVE JU/ WAD$ ?R\< A P]IOD ( /RIFE & REVOLUTION WILL BE ! LA/ TO PUT UP LONG ) A LIFE ( M]E UTILIT>IANISM1 ?\< ,SOCIALI/S >E SOMETIMES ACCUS$ BY IGNORANT P]SONS ( AIM+ AT SU* A LIFE4  ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! ORNAM5TAL P>T ( MOD]N LIFE IS ALREADY ROTT5 TO ! CORE1 & MU/ BE UTT]LY SWEPT AWAY BE=E ! NEW ORD] ( ?+S IS REALIZ$4  ,!RE IS NO?+ ( IT--!RE IS NO?+ :I* C\LD COME ( IT ?AT C\LD SATISFY ! ASPIRATIONS ( M5 SET FREE FROM ! TYRANNY ( COMM]CIALISM4  

,WE MU/ BEG9 TO BUILD UP ! ORNAM5TAL P>T ( LIFE--ITS PLEASURES1 BODILY & M5TAL1 SCI5TIFIC & >TI/IC1 SOCIAL & 9DIVIDUAL--ON ! BASIS ( WORK UND]TAK5 WILL+LY & *E]FULLY1 ) ! CONSCI\SNESS ( B5EFIT+ \RSELVES & \R NEI<BORS BY IT4  ,SU* ABSOLUTELY NECESS>Y WORK AS WE %\LD HAVE TO DO W\LD 9 ! FIR/ PLACE TAKE UP BUT A SMALL P>T ( EA* DAY1 & SO F> W\LD NOT BE BURD5SOME2 BUT IT W\LD BE A TASK ( DAILY RECURR5CE1 & !RE=E W\LD SPOIL \R DAY'S PLEASURE UNLESS IT W]E MADE AT LEA/ 5DURABLE :ILE IT LA/$4  ,9 O!R WORDS1 ALL LABOR1 EV5 ! COMMONE/1 MU/ BE MADE ATTRACTIVE4  

,H[ CAN ?IS BE DONE8--IS ! QUE/ION ! ANSW] TO :I* WILL TAKE UP ! RE/ ( ?IS PAP]4  ,9 GIV+ SOME H9TS ON ?IS QUE/ION1 ,I KN[ ?AT1 :ILE ALL ,SOCIALI/S WILL AGREE ) MANY ( ! SUGGE/IONS MADE1 SOME ( !M MAY SEEM TO SOME /RANGE & V5TURESOME4  ,!SE MU/ BE CONSID]$ AS BE+ GIV5 )\T ANY 9T5TION ( DOGMATIZ+1 & AS M]ELY EXPRESS+ MY [N P]SONAL OP9ION4  

,FROM ALL ?AT HAS BE5 SAID ALREADY IT FOLL[S ?AT LABOR1 TO BE ATTRACTIVE1 MU/ BE DIRECT$ T[>DS SOME OBVI\SLY USEFUL 5D1 UNLESS 9 CASES :]E IT IS UND]TAK5 VOLUNT>ILY BY EA* 9DIVIDUAL AS A PA/IME4  ,?IS ELEM5T ( OBVI\S USEFULNESS IS ALL ! MORE TO BE C\NT$ ON 9 SWEET5+ TASKS O!RWISE IRKSOME1 S9CE SOCIAL MORALITY1 ! RESPONSIBILITY ( MAN T[>DS ! LIFE ( MAN1 WILL1 9 ! NEW ORD] ( ?+S1 TAKE ! PLACE ( !OLOGICAL MORALITY1 OR ! RESPONSIBILITY ( MAN TO SOME AB/RACT IDEA4  ,NEXT1 ! DAY'S WORK WILL BE %ORT4  ,?IS NE$ NOT BE 9SI/$ ON4  ,IT IS CLE> ?AT ) WORK UNWA/$ IT ,C,A,N BE %ORT4  ,IT IS CLE> ALSO ?AT MU* WORK :I* IS N[ A TORM5T1 W\LD BE EASILY 5DURABLE IF IT W]E MU* %ORT5$4  

,V>IETY ( WORK IS ! NEXT PO9T1 & A MO/ IMPORTANT ONE4  ,TO COMPEL A MAN TO DO DAY AFT] DAY ! SAME TASK1 )\T ANY HOPE ( ESCAPE OR *ANGE1 MEANS NO?+ %ORT ( TURN+ HIS LIFE 9TO A PRISON-TORM5T4  ,NO?+ BUT ! TYRANNY ( PR(IT-GR9D+ MAKES ?IS NECESS>Y4  ,A MAN MI<T EASILY LE>N & PRACTICE AT LEA/ ?REE CRAFTS1 V>Y+ S$5T>Y OCCUPATION ) \TDOOR--OCCUPATION CALL+ = ! EX]CISE ( /RONG BODILY 5]GY = WORK 9 :I* ! M9D HAD MORE TO DO4  ,!RE >E FEW M51 = 9/ANCE1 :O W\LD NOT WI% TO SP5D P>T ( !IR LIVES 9 ! MO/ NECESS>Y & PLEASANTE/ ( ALL WORK--CULTIVAT+ ! E>?4  ,ONE ?+ :I* WILL MAKE ?IS V>IETY ( EMPLOYM5T POSSIBLE WILL BE ! =M ?AT $UCATION WILL TAKE 9 A SOCIALLY ORD]$ COMMUNITY4  ,AT PRES5T ALL $UCATION IS DIRECT$ T[>DS ! 5D ( FITT+ PEOPLE TO TAKE !IR PLACES 9 ! HI]>*Y ( COMM]CE--!SE AS MA/]S1 ?OSE AS WORKM54  ,! $UCATION ( ! MA/]S IS MORE ORNAM5TAL ?AN ?AT ( ! WORKM51 BUT IT IS COMM]CIAL /ILL2 & EV5 AT ! ANCI5T UNIV]SITIES LE>N+ IS BUT LITTLE REG>D$1 UNLESS IT CAN 9 ! LONG RUN BE MADE ,T,O ,P,A,Y4  ,DUE $UCATION IS A TOTALLY DIFF]5T ?+ FROM ?IS1 & CONC]NS ITSELF 9 F9D+ \T :AT DIFF]5T PEOPLE >E FIT =1 & HELP+ !M ALONG ! ROAD :I* !Y >E 9CL9$ TO TAKE4  ,9 A DULY ORD]$ SOCIETY1 !RE=E1 Y\NG PEOPLE W\LD BE TAU<T SU* H&ICRAFTS AS !Y HAD A TURN = AS A P>T ( !IR $UCATION1 ! DISCIPL9E ( !IR M9DS & BODIES2 & ADULTS W\LD ALSO HAVE OPPORTUNITIES ( LE>N+ 9 ! SAME S*OOLS1 = ! DEVELOPM5T ( 9DIVIDUAL CAPACITIES W\LD BE ( ALL ?+S *IEFLY AIM$ AT BY $UCATION1 9/EAD1 AS N[1 ! SUBORD9ATION ( ALL CAPACITIES TO ! GREAT 5D ( 0MONEY-MAK+0 = ONESELF--OR ONE'S MA/]4  ,! AM\NT ( TAL5T1 & EV5 G5IUS1 :I* ! PRES5T SY/EM CRU%ES1 & :I* W\LD BE DRAWN \T BY SU* A SY/EM1 W\LD MAKE \R DAILY WORK EASY & 9T]E/+4  

,UND] ?IS HEAD ( V>IETY ,I WILL NOTE ONE PRODUCT ( 9DU/RY :I* HAS SUFF]$ SO MU* FROM COMM]CIALISM ?AT IT CAN SC>CELY BE SAID TO EXI/1 & IS1 9DE$1 SO =EIGN FROM \R EPO* ?AT ,I FE> !RE >E SOME :O WILL F9D IT DIFFICULT TO UND]/& :AT ,I HAVE TO SAY ON ! SUBJECT1 :I* ,I NEV]!LESS MU/ SAY1 S9CE IT IS REALLY A MO/ IMPORTANT ONE4  ,I MEAN ?AT SIDE ( >T :I* IS1 OR \<T TO BE1 DONE BY ! ORD9>Y WORKMAN :ILE HE IS AB\T HIS ORD9>Y WORK1 & :I* HAS GOT TO BE CALL$1 V]Y PROP]LY1 ,POPUL> ,>T4  ,?IS >T1 ,I REPEAT1 NO LONG] EXI/S N[1 HAV+ BE5 KILL$ BY COMM]CIALISM4  ,BUT FROM ! BEG9N+ ( MAN'S CONTE/ ) ,NATURE TILL ! RISE ( ! PRES5T CAPITALI/IC SY/EM1 IT WAS ALIVE1 & G5]ALLY FL\RI%$4  ,:ILE IT LA/$1 EV]Y?+ ?AT WAS MADE BY MAN WAS ADORN$ BY MAN1 JU/ AS EV]Y?+ MADE BY ,NATURE IS ADORN$ BY H]4  ,! CRAFTSMAN1 AS HE FA%ION$ ! ?+ HE HAD UND] HIS H&1 ORNAM5T$ IT SO NATURALLY & SO 5TIRELY )\T CONSCI\S EF=T1 ?AT IT IS (T5 DIFFICULT TO DI/+UI% :]E ! M]E UTILIT>IAN P>T ( HIS WORK 5D$ & ! ORNAM5TAL BEGAN4  ,N[ ! ORIG9 ( ?IS >T WAS ! NECESSITY ?AT ! WORKMAN FELT = V>IETY 9 HIS WORK1 & ?\< ! BEAUTY PRODUC$ BY ?IS DESIRE WAS A GREAT GIFT TO ! WORLD1 YET ! OBTA9+ V>IETY & PLEASURE 9 ! WORK BY ! WORKMAN WAS A MATT] ( MORE IMPORTANCE /ILL1 = IT /AMP$ ALL LABOR ) ! IMPRESS ( PLEASURE4  ,ALL ?IS HAS N[ QUITE DISAPPE>$ FROM ! WORK ( CIVILIZATION4  ,IF Y\ WI% TO HAVE ORNAM5T1 Y\ MU/ PAY SPECIALLY = IT1 & ! WORKMAN IS COMPELL$ TO PRODUCE ORNAM5T1 AS HE IS TO PRODUCE O!R W>ES4  ,HE IS COMPELL$ TO PRET5D HAPP9ESS 9 HIS WORK1 SO ?AT ! BEAUTY PRODUC$ BY MAN'S H&1 :I* WAS ONCE A SOLACE TO HIS LABOR1 HAS N[ BECOME AN EXTRA BURD5 TO HIM1 & ORNAM5T IS N[ BUT ONE ( ! FOLLIES ( USELESS TOIL1 & P]HAPS NOT ! LEA/ IRKSOME ( ITS FETT]S4  

,BESIDES ! %ORT DURATION ( LABOR1 ITS CONSCI\S USEFULNESS1 & ! V>IETY :I* %\LD GO ) IT1 !RE IS ANO!R ?+ NE$$ TO MAKE IT ATTRACTIVE1 & ?AT IS PLEASANT SURR\ND+S4  ,! MIS]Y & SQUALOR :I* WE PEOPLE ( CIVILIZATION BE> ) SO MU* COMPLAC5CY AS A NECESS>Y P>T ( ! MANUFACTUR+ SY/EM1 IS JU/ AS NECESS>Y TO ! COMMUNITY AT L>GE AS A PROPORTIONATE AM\NT ( FIL? W\LD BE 9 ! H\SE ( A PRIVATE RI* MAN4  ,IF SU* A MAN W]E TO ALL[ ! C9D]S TO BE RAK$ ALL OV] HIS DRAW+-ROOM1 & A PRIVY TO BE E/ABLI%$ 9 EA* CORN] ( HIS D9+-ROOM1 IF HE HABITUALLY MADE A DU/ & REFUSE HEAP ( HIS ONCE BEAUTIFUL G>D51 NEV] WA%$ HIS %EETS OR *ANG$ HIS TABLECLO?1 & MADE HIS FAMILY SLEEP FIVE 9 A B$1 HE W\LD SURELY F9D HIMSELF 9 ! CLAWS ( A COMMISSION DE LUNATICO4  ,BUT SU* ACTS ( MIS]LY FOLLY >E JU/ :AT \R PRES5T SOCIETY IS DO+ DAILY UND] ! COMPULSION ( A SUPPOS$ NECESSITY1 :I* IS NO?+ %ORT ( MADNESS4  ,I BEG Y\ TO BR+ Y\R COMMISSION ( LUNACY AGA9/ CIVILIZATION )\T MORE DELAY4  

,= ALL \R CR[D$ T[NS & BEWILD]+ FACTORIES >E SIMPLY ! \TCOME ( ! PR(IT SY/EM4  ,CAPITALI/IC MANUFACTURE1 CAPITALI/IC L&-[N+1 & CAPITALI/IC EX*ANGE =CE M5 9TO BIG CITIES 9 ORD] TO MANIPULATE !M 9 ! 9T]E/S ( CAPITAL2 ! SAME TYRANNY CONTRACTS ! DUE SPACE ( ! FACTORY SO MU* ?AT 7= 9/ANCE7 ! 9T]IOR ( A GREAT WEAV+-%$ IS ALMO/ AS RIDICUL\S A SPECTACLE AS IT IS A HORRIBLE ONE4  ,!RE IS NO O!R NECESSITY = ALL ?IS1 SAVE ! NECESSITY = GR9D+ PR(ITS \T ( M5'S LIVES1 & ( PRODUC+ *EAP GOODS = ! USE 7& SUBJECTION7 ( ! SLAVES :O GR9D4  ,ALL LABOR IS NOT YET DRIV5 9TO FACTORIES2 (T5 :]E IT IS !RE IS NO NECESSITY = IT1 SAVE AGA9 ! PR(IT-TYRANNY4  ,PEOPLE 5GAG$ 9 ALL SU* LABOR NE$ BY NO MEANS BE COMPELL$ TO PIG TOGE!R 9 CLOSE CITY QU>T]S4  ,!RE IS NO REASON :Y !Y %\LD NOT FOLL[ !IR OCCUPATIONS 9 QUIET C\NTRY HOMES1 9 9DU/RIAL COLLEGES1 9 SMALL T[NS1 OR1 9 %ORT1 :]E !Y F9D IT HAPPIE/ = !M TO LIVE4  

,AS TO ?AT P>T ( LABOR :I* MU/ BE ASSOCIAT$ ON A L>GE SCALE1 ?IS V]Y FACTORY SY/EM1 UND] A REASONABLE ORD] ( ?+S 7?\< TO MY M9D !RE MI<T /ILL BE DRAWBACKS TO IT71 W\LD AT LEA/ (F] OPPORTUNITIES = A FULL & EAG] SOCIAL LIFE SURR\ND$ BY MANY PLEASURES4  ,! FACTORIES MI<T BE C5T]S ( 9TELLECTUAL ACTIVITY ALSO1 & WORK 9 !M MI<T WELL BE V>I$ V]Y MU*3  ! T5D+ ( ! NECESS>Y MA*9]Y MI<T TO EA* 9DIVIDUAL BE BUT A %ORT P>T ( ! DAY'S WORK4  ,! O!R WORK MI<T V>Y FROM RAIS+ FOOD FROM ! SURR\ND+ C\NTRY TO ! /UDY & PRACTICE ( >T & SCI5CE4  ,IT IS A MATT] ( C\RSE ?AT PEOPLE 5GAG$ 9 SU* WORK1 & BE+ ! MA/]S ( !IR [N LIVES1 W\LD NOT ALL[ ANY HURRY OR WANT ( =ESI<T TO =CE !M 9TO 5DUR+ DIRT1 DISORD]1 OR WANT ( ROOM4  ,SCI5CE DULY APPLI$ W\LD 5ABLE !M TO GET RID ( REFUSE1 TO M9IMIZE1 IF NOT :OLLY TO DE/ROY1 ALL ! 9CONV5I5CES :I* AT PRES5T ATT5D ! USE ( ELABORATE MA*9]Y1 SU* AS SMOKE1 /5* & NOISE2 NOR W\LD !Y 5DURE ?AT ! BUILD+S 9 :I* !Y WORK$ OR LIV$ %\LD BE UGLY BLOTS ON ! FAIR FACE ( ! E>?4  ,BEG9N+ BY MAK+ !IR FACTORIES1 BUILD+S1 & %$S DEC5T & CONV5I5T LIKE !IR HOMES1 !Y W\LD 9FALLIBLY GO ON TO MAKE !M NOT M]ELY NEGATIVELY GOOD1 9(F5SIVE M]ELY1 BUT EV5 BEAUTIFUL1 SO ?AT ! GLORI\S >T ( >*ITECTURE1 N[ = SOME TIME SLA9 BY COMM]CIAL GRE$1 W\LD BE BORN AGA9 & FL\RI%4  

,SO1 Y\ SEE1 ,I CLAIM ?AT WORK 9 A DULY ORD]$ COMMUNITY %\LD BE MADE ATTRACTIVE BY ! CONSCI\SNESS ( USEFULNESS1 BY ITS BE+ C>RI$ ON ) 9TELLIG5T 9T]E/1 BY V>IETY1 & BY ITS BE+ EX]CIS$ AMID PLEASURABLE SURR\ND+S4  ,BUT ,I HAVE ALSO CLAIM$1 AS WE ALL DO1 ?AT ! DAY'S WORK %\LD NOT BE WE>ISOMELY LONG4  ,IT MAY BE SAID1 0,H[ CAN Y\ MAKE ?IS LA/ CLAIM SQU>E ) ! O!RS8  ,IF ! WORK IS TO BE SO REF9$1 WILL NOT ! GOODS MADE BE V]Y EXP5SIVE80  

,I DO ADMIT1 AS ,I HAVE SAID BE=E1 ?AT SOME SACRIFICE WILL BE NECESS>Y 9 ORD] TO MAKE LABOR ATTRACTIVE4  ,I MEAN ?AT1 IF WE ,C,\,L,D BE CONT5T$ 9 A FREE COMMUNITY TO WORK 9 ! SAME HURRI$1 DIRTY1 DISORD]LY1 HE>TLESS WAY AS WE DO N[1 WE MI<T %ORT5 \R DAY'S LABOR V]Y MU* MORE ?AN ,I SUPPOSE WE %ALL DO1 TAK+ ALL K9DS ( LABOR 9TO ACC\NT4  ,BUT IF WE DID1 IT W\LD MEAN ?AT \R NEW-WON FRE$OM ( CONDITION W\LD LEAVE US LI/LESS & WRET*$1 IF NOT ANXI\S1 AS WE >E N[1 :I* ,I HOLD IS SIMPLY IMPOSSIBLE4  ,WE %\LD BE CONT5T$ TO MAKE ! SACRIFICES NECESS>Y = RAIS+ \R CONDITION TO ! /&>D CALL$ \T = AS DESIRABLE BY ! :OLE COMMUNITY4  ,NOR ONLY SO4  ,WE %\LD1 9DIVIDUALLY1 BE EMUL\S TO SACRIFICE QUITE FREELY /ILL MORE ( \R TIME & \R EASE T[>DS ! RAIS+ ( ! /&>D ( LIFE4  ,P]SONS1 EI!R BY !MSELVES OR ASSOCIAT$ = SU* PURPOSES1 W\LD FREELY1 & = ! LOVE ( ! WORK & = ITS RESULTS--/IMULAT$ BY ! HOPE ( ! PLEASURE ( CREATION--PRODUCE ?OSE ORNAM5TS ( LIFE = ! S]VICE ( ALL1 :I* !Y >E N[ BRIB$ TO PRODUCE 7OR PRET5D TO PRODUCE7 = ! S]VICE ( A FEW RI* M54  ,! EXP]IM5T ( A CIVILIZ$ COMMUNITY LIV+ :OLLY )\T >T OR LIT]ATURE HAS NOT YET BE5 TRI$4  ,! PA/ DEGRADATION & CORRUPTION ( CIVILIZATION MAY =CE ?IS D5IAL ( PLEASURE UPON ! SOCIETY :I* WILL >ISE FROM ITS A%ES4  ,IF ?AT MU/ BE1 WE WILL ACCEPT ! PASS+ PHASE ( UTILIT>IANISM AS A F\NDATION = ! >T :I* IS TO BE4  ,IF ! CRIPPLE & ! />VEL+ DISAPPE> FROM \R /REETS1 IF ! E>? N\RI% US ALL ALIKE1 IF ! SUN %9E = ALL ( US ALIKE1 IF TO ONE & ALL ( US ! GLORI\S DRAMA ( ! E>?--DAY & NI<T1 SUMM] & W9T]-- CAN BE PRES5T$ AS A ?+ TO UND]/& & LOVE1 WE CAN AF=D TO WAIT A:ILE TILL WE >E PURIFI$ FROM ! %AME ( ! PA/ CORRUPTION1 & TILL >T >ISES AGA9 AMONG PEOPLE FRE$ FROM ! T]ROR ( ! SLAVE & ! %AME ( ! ROBB]4  

,MEANTIME1 9 ANY CASE1 ! REF9EM5T1 ?\<TFULNESS1 & DELIB]ATION ( LABOR MU/ 9DE$ BE PAID =1 BUT NOT BY COMPULSION TO LABOR LONG H\RS4  ,\R EPO* HAS 9V5T$ MA*9ES :I* W\LD HAVE APPE>$ WILD DREAMS TO ! M5 ( PA/ AGES1 & ( ?OSE MA*9ES WE HAVE AS YET ,M,A,D,E ,N,O ,U,S,E4  

,!Y >E CALL$ 0LABOR-SAV+0 MA*9ES--A COMMONLY US$ PHRASE :I* IMPLIES :AT WE EXPECT ( !M2 BUT WE DO NOT GET :AT WE EXPECT4  ,:AT !Y REALLY DO IS TO R$UCE ! SKILL$ LABOR] TO ! RANKS ( ! UNSKILL$1 TO 9CREASE ! NUMB] ( ! 0RES]VE >MY ( LABOR0--?AT IS1 TO 9CREASE ! PREC>I\SNESS ( LIFE AMONG ! WORK]S & TO 9T5SIFY ! LABOR ( ?OSE :O S]VE ! MA*9ES 7AS SLAVES !IR MA/]S74  ,ALL ?IS !Y DO BY ! WAY1 :ILE !Y PILE UP ! PR(ITS ( ! EMPLOY]S ( LABOR1 OR =CE !M TO EXP5D ?OSE PR(ITS 9 BITT] COMM]CIAL W> ) EA* O!R4  ,9 A TRUE SOCIETY !SE MIRACLES ( +5UITY W\LD BE = ! FIR/ TIME US$ = M9IMIZ+ ! AM\NT ( TIME SP5T 9 UNATTRACTIVE LABOR1 :I* BY !IR MEANS MI<T BE SO R$UC$ AS TO BE BUT A V]Y LI<T BURD5 ON EA* 9DIVIDUAL4  ,ALL ! MORE AS !SE MA*9ES W\LD MO/ C]TA9LY BE V]Y MU* IMPROV$ :5 IT WAS NO LONG] A QUE/ION AS TO :E!R !IR IMPROVEM5T W\LD 0PAY0 ! 9DIVIDUAL1 BUT RA!R :E!R IT W\LD B5EFIT ! COMMUNITY4  

,SO MU* = ! ORD9>Y USE ( MA*9]Y1 :I* W\LD PROBABLY1 AFT] A TIME1 BE SOME:AT RE/RICT$ :5 M5 F\ND \T ?AT !RE WAS NO NE$ = ANXIETY AS TO M]E SUBSI/5CE1 & LE>N$ TO TAKE AN 9T]E/ & PLEASURE 9 H&IWORK :I*1 DONE DELIB]ATELY & ?\<TFULLY1 C\LD BE MADE MORE ATTRACTIVE ?AN MA*9E WORK4  

,AGA91 AS PEOPLE FRE$ FROM ! DAILY T]ROR ( />VATION F9D \T :AT !Y REALLY WANT$1 BE+ NO LONG] COMPELL$ BY ANY?+ BUT !IR [N NE$S1 !Y W\LD REFUSE TO PRODUCE ! M]E 9ANITIES :I* >E N[ CALL$ LUXURIES1 OR ! POISON & TRA% N[ CALL$ *EAP W>ES4  ,NO ONE W\LD MAKE PLU% BREE*ES :5 !RE W]E NO FLUNKIES TO WE> !M1 NOR W\LD ANYBODY WA/E HIS TIME OV] MAK+ OLEOM>G>9E :5 NO ONE WAS ,C,O,M,P,E,L,L,$ TO AB/A9 FROM REAL BUTT]4 ,ADULT]ATION LAWS >E ONLY NE$$ 9 A SOCIETY ( ?IEVES--& 9 SU* A SOCIETY !Y >E A DEAD LETT]4  

,SOCIALI/S >E (T5 ASK$ H[ WORK ( ! R\<] & MORE REPULSIVE K9D C\LD BE C>RI$ \T 9 ! NEW CONDITION ( ?+S4  ,TO ATTEMPT TO ANSW] SU* QUE/IONS FULLY OR AU?ORITATIVELY W\LD BE ATTEMPT+ ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( CON/RUCT+ A S*EME ( A NEW SOCIETY \T ( ! MAT]IALS ( ! OLD1 BE=E WE KNEW :I* ( ?OSE MAT]IALS W\LD DISAPPE> & :I* 5DURE ?R\< ! EVOLUTION :I* IS LEAD+ US TO ! GREAT *ANGE4  ,YET IT IS NOT DIFFICULT TO CONCEIVE ( SOME >RANGEM5T :]EBY ?OSE :O DID ! R\<E/ WORK %\LD WORK = ! %ORTE/ SPELLS4  ,& AGA91 :AT IS SAID ABOVE ( ! V>IETY ( WORK APPLIES SPECIALLY H]E4  ,ONCE MORE ,I SAY1 ?AT = A MAN TO BE ! :OLE ( HIS LIFE HOPELESSLY 5GAG$ 9 P]=M+ ONE REPULSIVE & NEV]-5D+ TASK1 IS AN >RANGEM5T FIT 5\< = ! HELL IMAG9$ BY !OLOGIANS1 BUT SC>CELY FIT = ANY O!R =M ( SOCIETY4  ,LA/LY1 IF ?IS R\<] WORK W]E ( ANY SPECIAL K9D1 WE MAY SUPPOSE ?AT SPECIAL VOLUNTE]S W\LD BE CALL$ ON TO P]=M IT1 :O W\LD SURELY BE =?COM+1 UNLESS M5 9 A /ATE ( FRE$OM %\LD LOSE ! SP>KS ( MANL9ESS :I* !Y POSSESS$ AS SLAVES4  

,& YET IF !RE BE ANY WORK :I* CANNOT BE MADE O!R ?AN REPULSIVE1 EI!R BY ! %ORTNESS ( ITS DURATION OR ! 9T]MITT5CY ( ITS RECURR5CE1 OR BY ! S5SE ( SPECIAL & PECULI> USEFULNESS 7& !RE=E HONOR7 9 ! M9D ( ! MAN :O P]=MS IT FREELY1--IF !RE BE ANY WORK :I* CANNOT BE BUT A TORM5T TO ! WORK]1 :AT !N8  ,WELL1 !N1 LET US SEE IF ! HEAV5S WILL FALL ON US IF WE LEAVE IT UNDONE1 = IT W]E BETT] ?AT !Y %\LD4  ,! PRODUCE ( SU* WORK CANNOT BE WOR? ! PRICE ( IT4  

,N[ WE HAVE SE5 ?AT ! SEMI-!OLOGICAL DOGMA ?AT ALL LABOR1 UND] ANY CIRCUM/ANCES1 IS A BLESS+ TO ! LABOR]1 IS HYPOCRITICAL & FALSE2 ?AT1 ON ! O!R H&1 LABOR IS GOOD :5 DUE HOPE ( RE/ & PLEASURE ACCOMPANIES IT4  ,WE HAVE WEI<$ ! WORK ( CIVILIZATION 9 ! BALANCE & F\ND IT WANT+1 S9CE HOPE IS MO/LY LACK+ TO IT1 & !RE=E WE SEE ?AT CIVILIZATION HAS BR$ A DIRE CURSE = M54  ,BUT WE HAVE SE5 ALSO ?AT ! WORK ( ! WORLD MI<T BE C>RI$ ON 9 HOPE & ) PLEASURE IF IT W]E NOT WA/$ BY FOLLY & TYRANNY1 BY ! P]PETUAL /RIFE ( OPPOS+ CLASSES4  

,IT IS ,PEACE1 !RE=E1 :I* WE NE$ 9 ORD] ?AT WE MAY LIVE & WORK 9 HOPE & ) PLEASURE4  ,PEACE SO MU* DESIR$1 IF WE MAY TRU/ M5'S WORDS1 BUT :I* HAS BE5 SO CONT9UALLY & /EADILY REJECT$ BY !M 9 DE$S4  ,BUT = US1 LET US SET \R HE>TS ON IT & W9 IT AT :ATEV] CO/4  

,:AT ! CO/ MAY BE1 :O CAN TELL8  ,WILL IT BE POSSIBLE TO W9 PEACE PEACEABLY8  ,ALAS1 H[ CAN IT BE8  ,WE >E SO HEMM$ 9 BY WRONG & FOLLY1 ?AT 9 ONE WAY OR O!R WE MU/ ALWAYS BE FI<T+ AGA9/ !M3  \R [N LIVES MAY SEE NO 5D TO ! /RUGGLE1 P]HAPS NO OBVI\S HOPE ( ! 5D4  ,IT MAY BE ?AT ! BE/ WE CAN HOPE TO SEE IS ?AT /RUGGLE GETT+ %>P] & BITT]] DAY BY DAY1 UNTIL IT BREAKS \T OP5LY AT LA/ 9TO ! SLAU<T] ( M5 BY ACTUAL W>F>E 9/EAD ( BY ! SL[] & CRUEL] ME?ODS ( 0PEACEFUL0 COMM]CE4 ,IF WE LIVE TO SEE ?AT1 WE %ALL LIVE TO SEE MU*2 = IT WILL MEAN ! RI* CLASSES GR[N CONSCI\S ( !IR [N WRONG & ROBB]Y1 & CONSCI\SLY DEF5D+ !M BY OP5 VIOL5CE2 & !N ! 5D WILL BE DRAW+ NE>4  

,BUT 9 ANY CASE1 & :ATEV] ! NATURE ( \R /RIFE = PEACE MAY BE1 IF WE ONLY AIM AT IT /EADILY & ) S+L5ESS ( HE>T1 & EV] KEEP IT 9 VIEW1 A REFLECTION FROM ?AT PEACE ( ! FUTURE WILL ILLUM9E ! TURMOIL & TR\BLE ( \R LIVES1 :E!R ! TR\BLE BE SEEM+LY PETTY1 OR OBVI\SLY TRAGIC2 & WE %ALL1 9 \R HOPES AT LEA/1 LIVE ! LIVES ( M53  NOR CAN ! PRES5T TIMES GIVE US ANY REW>D GREAT] ?AN ?AT4  

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b#d1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #f -- ,ADD$4 

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