,S]BIA3 ,FAKE ,REVOLUTIONS1 ,REAL ,/RUGGLES 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,A TREM5D\S AM\NT ( ATT5TION HAS FOCUS$ ON ,GREECE LATELY4 ,LOOK+ AT ! SUCCESSFUL AN>*I/ MOVEM5T !RE1 WE CAN NURTURE UTOPIAN VISIONS TO /R5G!N \R RESOLVE2 BUT IF WE ONLY CONSID] APP>5T SUCCESS /ORIES1 WE WILL NOT BE PREP>$ = ! *ALL5GES AHEAD4 

,! 5TIRE ,BALKAN P59SULA IS A SORT ( LABORATORY ( CRISIS4 ,/UDY+ IT1 WE CAN DISC]N SOME ( ! POSSIBLE FUTURES ?AT MAY AWAIT US N[ ?AT ,NOR? ,AM]ICA SEEMS TO BE 5T]+ AN ]A ( CRISIS AS WELL4 ,! VIBRANT AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,GREECE REPRES5TS ONE POSSIBLE FUTURE1 9 :I* A P[]FUL SOCIAL MOVEM5T E/ABLI%ES HUBS ( RESI/ANCE4 ,BUT ONLY A FEW HUNDR$ KILOMET]S NOR? ,S]BIA %[S ANO!R3 A NI<TM>E ( E?NIC CONFLICT1 NATIONALI/ W>1 & FALSE RESI/ANCE MOVEM5TS 9 :I* ! AN>*I/ ALT]NATIVE HAS SUNK ALMO/ AS DEEP AS ,ATLANTIS4 

,! ROOTS ( ! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 !SE C\NTRIES >E HUNDR$S ( YE>S OLD1 BUT WE CAN ID5TIFY SOME REC5T FACTORS4 ,ONLY A G5]ATION AGO1 BO? W]E RUL$ BY DICTATOR%IPS3 ,GREECE BY A ,U,S-BAS$ FASCI/ DICTATOR%IP ?AT COLLAPS$ UND] PRESSURE FROM REBELLI\S /UD5TS1 W9N+ Y\? REVOLT ! RESPECT ( ! G5]AL POPULATION TO ?IS DAY2 ,YUGOSLAVIA BY A SOCIALI/ DICTATOR%IP1 9 :I* ,TITO MA9TA9$ P[] BY PLAY+ V>I\S GR\PS (F AGA9/ EA* O!R4 ,:5 ! ,B]L9 ,WALL CAME D[N & ! SOCIALI/ GOV]NM5T COLLAPS$1 ! C\NTRY WAS TORN AP>T BY E?NIC /RIFE4 ,BY ! 5D ( ! #a#i#iS1 ,S]BIA WAS R$UC$ TO A MU* SMALL] NATION RUL$ BY A NATIONALI/IC COMMUNI/1 ,SLOBODAN ,MILOSEVIC4 

,ON PAP]1 :AT HAPP5$ NEXT READS LIKE AN AN>*I/ FAIRY TALE4 ,AN O/5SIBLY DEC5TRALIZ$ & NONHI]>*ICAL UND]GR\ND Y\? GR\P NAM$ ,OTPOR 70,RESI/ANCE07 C>RI$ \T A PROPAG&A CAMPAIGN AIM$ AT R\S+ POPUL> REVOLT1 DESPITE AGGRESSIVE REPRESSION FROM ! AU?ORITIES4 ,AFT] A RIGG$ ELECTION1 HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( PEOPLE CONV]G$ ON ! CAPITAL & 9T5SE /REETFI<T+ 5SU$4 ,AN UNEMPLOY$ VEHICLE OP]ATOR1 NICKNAM$ 0,JOE0 BY HIS COLLEAGUES1 DROVE HIS BULLDOZ] ?R\< A HAIL ( BULLETS 9TO ! HEADQU>T]S ( ! /ATE TELEVISION /ATION AT ! HEAD ( A FURI\S CR[D4 ,O!R PROTE/]S SET ! ,P>LIAM5T ON FIRE & VIOL5TLY WRE/$ CONTROL ( ! /REETS FROM POLICE4 ,! AU?ORITIES SURR5D]$1 ! GOV]NM5T TOPPL$1 & SOON A =M] AN>*I/ WAS PRIME M9I/]4 

,9 FACT1 ORGANIZ]S AT ! C5T] ( ,OTPOR W]E DIRECT$ BY ORGANIZATIONS AFFILIAT$ ) ! ,U,S GOV]NM5T1 FROM :OM !Y RECEIV$ MILLIONS ( DOLL>S4 ,BY O/5SIBLY LIMIT+ ITSELF TO ATTACK+ ! E/ABLI%$ ORD]1 ,OTPOR DREW P>TICIPANTS ( ALL IDEOLOGICAL P]SUASIONS1 :ILE PREP>+ ! WAY = ! IMPLEM5TATION ( CAPITALI/ DEMOCRACY4 ,! 5TIRE EV5T WAS C>EFULLY *OREOGRAPH$ TO SMOO? ,S]BIA'S TRANSITION 9TO ! NEOLIB]AL M>KET4 ,AFT]W>DS1 ! SAME MODEL WAS EXPORT$ ALMO/ ANY:]E A REGIME WAS NOT COOP]AT+ ) ! ,U,S AG5DA2 ,OTPOR WAS FOLL[$ BY ,KM>A 9 ,GEORGIA1 ,PORA 9 ,UKRA9E1 ,ZUBR 9 ,BEL>US1 ,M,J,A,F,T6 9 ,ALBANIA1 ,OBORONA 9 ,RUSSIA1 ,KEL,KEL 9 ,KYRGYZ/AN1 ,BOLGA 9 ,UZBEKI/AN1 & ,NABAD-AL-,HORRIYE 9 ,LEBANON4 ,9 EA* ( !SE CASES G5U9E LOCAL UNRE/ WAS *ANNEL$ 9TO A PROXY W> S]V+ ! 9T]E/S ( P[]FUL \TSID]S4 ,YET MO/ ( ! P>TICIPANTS MU/ HAVE FELT ?AT !Y W]E G5U9ELY FI<T+ = LIB]ATION4 

,LJUBISAV ,DOKIC1 ! MAN :O DROVE HIS BULLDOZ] 9TO ! /ATE TELEVISION HEADQU>T]S1 DECL>$ %ORTLY AFT]W>DS ?AT ! UPRIS+ HAD MADE NO DIFF]5CE4 ,TODAY ,S]BIA IS NO CLOS] TO MEAN+FUL SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,NATIONALISM & FASCISM >E /ILL RAMPANT1 ! POPULATION IS MORE DISC\RAG$ & APA!TIC ?AN EV]1 & LOCAL AN>*I/S >E /ILL /RUGGL+ TO GA9 TRACTION 9 AN UNFAVORABLE SOCIAL T]RA94 

,ALL ?IS SUGGE/S ?AT AN>*I/S 9 ! ,U,S NE$ TO DEVELOP A MORE NUANC$ UND]/&+ ( SOCIAL UPHEAVAL4 ,FIXAT+ ON BURN+ C>S & FI<T+ POLICE CAN OBSCURE ! IMPORTANT DYNAMICS AT ! ROOT ( EV5TS4 ,! 9SURRECTIONI/ CONVICTION ?AT CONFRONTATIONS >E 9TR9SICALLY DESIRABLE (F]S LITTLE 9SI<T 9TO :AT C\NTS AS A CONFRONTATION4 ,OV] & OV] ?R\<\T HI/ORY1 AN>*I/S & O!R REBELS :O MI/OOK VIOL5T CLA%ES = REAL TRANS=MATION HAVE S]V$ AS AN EXP5DABLE FRONT L9E 9 ESS5TIALLY CONS]VATIVE REVOLUTIONS4 ,WE NE$ TO REF9E \R ANALYZES SO ?AT :5 WE FI<T1 \R EF=TS CANNOT S]VE \R 5EMIES4 

,IS IT POSSIBLE ?AT1 AS ! POLICE W]E DISAPPE>+ ACTIVI/S & ! NATION WAS TEET]+ ON ! BR9K ( REVOLUTION1 ! MO/ WOR?:ILE ?+ ,S]BIAN AN>*I/S C\LD HAVE HOP$ TO ACCOMPLI% WAS TO 9VOLVE A FEW MORE PEOPLE 9 !IR LONG-T]M NETWORKS8 ,BE> 9 M9D H[ DIFFICULT IT MU/ HAVE BE5 TO /AY FOCUS$ ON SU* A SEEM+LY TRIVIAL GOAL UND] ! CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,OR C\LD AN>*I/S HAVE SOMEH[ TAK5 ! 9ITIATIVE 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ,MILOSEVIC1 MIRACUL\SLY \TFLANK+ AN ORGANIZATION ) MILLIONS ( DOLL>S ( =EIGN BACK+ 9 A NATION CONSUM$ ) NATIONALI/ F]VOR8 

,9 HOPES ( %$D+ MORE LI<T ON !SE ISSUES1 WE'VE CONDUCT$ ?IS 9T]VIEW ) A =M] MEMB] ( ,OTPOR CURR5TLY ACTIVE 9 ! ,S]BIAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 

,9T]VIEW ) ,RELJA FROM ! GR\P ,ANTIFA ,ZR5JAN9 9 ,ZR5JAN91 ,S]BIA4 

  

,= MORE HI/ORICAL BACKGR\ND ON AN>*ISM 9 ,S]BIA1 SKIP TO ! APP5DIX4  
  

,H[ DID AN>*I/S RESPOND TO ! W>S ( ?AT RIPP$ ,YUGOSLAVIA AP>T 9 ! #a#i#iS8 ,DID ?IS E>LY ACTIVITY HAVE ANY 9FLU5CE ON ! CONTEXT 9 :I* ,OTPOR APPE>$8  
  

,UN=TUNATELY1 DUR+ ! W>S ,I WAS Y\NG & NOT 9VOLV$ 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 SO ,I CAN ONLY TELL Y\ :AT ,I'VE HE>D & READ FROM OLD] AN>*I/S4 ,AN>*I/S W]E 9VOLV$ 9 OPPOS+ ! W> PRACTICALLY FROM ! />T ( ,YUGOSLAV CRISIS4 ,= MANY ( !M1 !N V]Y Y\NG & COM+ FROM ! PUNK SC5E1 ?IS WAS ! TIME TO 0GET S]I\S40 ,COMMUNICATION BETWE5 AN>*I/S ACROSS =M] ,YUGOSLAVIA CONT9U$ ?R\<\T ! CONFLICTS4 

,ONE ( ! FIR/ PROJECTS1 9 ! FIR/ HALF ( ! #a#i#iS1 WAS ! FANZ9E ,OV] ! ,WALLS ( ,NATIONALISM & ,W>1 />T$ 9 ,CROATIA4 ,AN>*I/S W]E 9VOLV$ 9 ! WID] ANTIW> MOVEM5T1 (T5 COOP]AT+ ) ANTIW> GR\PS LIKE ,WOM5 9 ,BLACK 7BAS$ 9 ,BELGRADE74 ,DUR+ ! ,N,A,T,O BOMB+ ( ,S]BIA1 ONE ( ! MA9 S\RCES ( 9=MATION = PEOPLE \TSIDE ,S]BIA WAS ! ,5GLI%-LANGUAGE AN>*I/ NEWSLETT] ,ZAG9FLAT* 7,ZAGREB ,9=MATION ,POTLAT*7 PROVID+ FIR/H& 9=MATION FROM ! ,S]BIAN AN>*I/S & ANTIW> ACTIVI/S 4 ,LAT]1 LOTS ( AN>*I/S W]E ALSO 9VOLV$ 9 CAMPAIGNS AGA9/ ! DRAFT4 ,AT ! 5D ( ! #a#i#iS1 MEET+S ( AN>*I/S FROM ALL OV] =M] ,YUGOSLAVIA W]E HELD 9 ! ,BOSNIAN VILLAGE ( ,ZEL5KOVAC4 ,BUT AS ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T WAS V]Y SMALL 9 ,S]BIA1 !IR ACTIVITIES DIDN'T 9FLU5CE1 AS F> AS ,I AM AW>E1 ! CONTEXT 9 :I* ,OTPOR APPE>$4  
  

,H[ DID Y\ P>TICIPATE 9 ,OTPOR OR 9 O!R =MS ( RESI/ANCE TO ,MILOSEVIC8  
  

,I WAS V]Y Y\NG :5 ,I />T$ TO BE 9T]E/$ 9 POLITICS & ALSO TO DO SOME PRACTICAL POLITICAL /UFF4 ,& AL?\< ?IS WAS 0ANTI-GOV]NM5T0 POLITICS IT WASN'T RADICAL 9 ANY WAY4 ,BASICALLY1 ALONG ) ! MAJORITY ( MY FRI5DS1 ,I WAS A K9D ( NATIONALI/1 CONSID]+ ,MILOSEVIC TO BE A TRAITOR & A 0DIRTY ,COMMIE40 ,MY FIR/ PRACTICAL 9VOLVEM5T 9 ANTI-,MILOSEVIC POLITICS />T$ :5 ,I WAS ?IRTE5 YE>S OLD2 IT CONSI/$ ( DI/RIBUT+ LEAFLETS & PROPAG&A & P>TICIPAT+ 9 LOCAL PROTE/S & DEMON/RATIONS ORGANIZ$ BY V>I\S OPPOSITION P>TIES & /UD5T GR\PS4 ,I P>TICUL>LY REMEMB] ONE LEAFLET MY FRI5DS MADE 9 =M ( A ,W,A,N,T,$ PO/] TO ! EFFECT ?AT ,MILOSEVIC WAS WANT$ 0DEAD & ONLY DEAD0 & ?AT HIS CRIME WAS 0TREASON TO ! ,S]BIAN PEOPLE40 

,!N ,OTPOR APPE>$ & ,I WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ! LOCAL GR\P 9 MY HOME T[N ( ,ZR5JAN94 ,I WAS #af YE>S OLD & MY FRI5DS & ,I W]E AMONG ! Y\NGE/ PEOPLE !RE4 ,\R ACTIVITIES MA9LY CONSI/$ ( PUTT+ PO/]S & /ICK]S ON WALLS1 GRAFFIT+ ! T[N ) V>I\S SLOGANS & ) ! FAM\S ,OTPOR CL5*$ FI/ SYMBOL1 & ( C\RSE P>TICIPAT+ 9 DEMON/RATIONS4 ,?AT WAS :5 POLICE />T$ TO R\T9ELY /OP ME 9 ! /REET1 SE>* ME1 ASK ME IDIOTIC QUE/IONS444 IT HAPP5$ ALMO/ ON A DAILY BASIS4  
  

,:AT W]E Y\ DO+ ON ,OCTOB] #e1 #b8 ,AT ! TIME1 DID Y\ ?9K ?AT A POSITIVE REVOLUTION>Y *ANGE WAS OCCURR+8 ,:AT HAPP5$ AFT]W>DS8  
  

,ON ,OCTOB] #e1 #b1 ,I WAS 9 ,BELGRADE1 ) MY FRI5DS & MY DAD1 9 FRONT ( ! ,P>LIAM5T BUILD+ AMONG SEV]AL HUNDR$ ?\S& PEOPLE 9 A CL\D ( TE> GAS1 WAT*+ FOOTBALL HOOLIGANS /ORM ! BUILD+ & PEOPLE BEAT+ V]Y1 V]Y SC>$ COPS :O W]E TRY+ TO SURR5D]4 ,I REMEMB] ?9K+ ?AT ! WOR/ WAS /ILL TO COME AS >MY HELICOPT]S W]E FLY+ OV] \R HEADS4 ,BUT !N IT WAS ALL OV]1 & PEOPLE />T$ P>TY+ ) NO POLICE ON ! /REETS444 A /RANGE DAY4 

,( C\RSE1 ) MY POLITICAL BELIEFS !N1 ,I JO9$ ! MAJORITY ( PEOPLE 9 ,S]BIA 9 BELIEV+ ?AT ?IS WAS A POSITIVE *ANGE444 & ( C\RSE IT WASN'T4 ,TWO YE>S LAT] ,I MOV$ TO ,BELGRADE TO /UDY1 MET SOME AN>*I/S1 & SOON MY P]SPECTIVE ON ! WORLD />T$ TO *ANGE DRAMATICALLY4 ,I REC5TLY HE>D A ,BRITI% J\RNALI/ SPEAK+ AB\T HIS POLITICAL TRANS=MATION1 & AL?\< HIS *ANGE WAS COMPLETELY DIFF]5T FROM M9E--HE *ANG$ FROM A ,TROTSKYI/ TO A CONS]VATIVE--,I ?9K ?AT HIS METAPHOR IS QUITE GOOD4 ,HE SAID SOME?+ AB\T ?IS K9D ( RADICAL *ANGE ( P]SPECTIVE BE+ LIKE FALL+ ?R\< A FLOOR :I* SUDD5LY GIVES WAY B5EA? Y\R FEET1 & FALL+ SO FA/ ?AT :5 Y\ HIT ! FLOOR BEL[ IT GIVES WAY B5EA? Y\ AS WELL1 & ?AT A HUGE NUMB] ( ?+S ?AT Y\ BELIEV$ W]E NOT QUE/IONABLE SUDD5LY BECOME QUE/IONABLE4 

,BUT MY P]SONAL *ANGE CO9CID$ ) ! GR[+ ( APA?Y & PESSIMISM 9 ! ,S]BIAN SOCIETY & PEOPLE1 N[ TWICE BETRAY$1 FIR/ BY ,MILOSEVIC & !N BY ! NEW GOV]NM5T4  
  

,H[ WAS ,OTPOR ORGANIZ$8  
  

,OTPOR HAD A QUASI-NON-HI]>*ICAL & EGALIT>IAN IMAGE4 ,?IS WAS A CLEV] POLITICAL DECISION 9 A P]IOD :5 ! OPPOSITION POLITICAL SC5E WAS FULL ( LEAD]S :O W]E CONSID]$ TO BE 9COMPET5T 9 !IR /RUGGLE AGA9/ ,MILOSEVIC4 ,SO1 ?IS GR\P 7& LAT] ORGANIZATION7 ( Y\NG PEOPLE1 PRIM>ILY /UD5TS1 APPE>$ ) A SEEM+LY NEW APPROA* TO POLITICS4 ,MEMB]S ( ,OTPOR DIDN'T HAVE ANY =MAL RANKS 9 ! ORGANIZATION2 !Y W]E ONLY CALL$ 0ACTIVI/S ( ,OTPOR40 ,BUT ! TRU? WAS ?AT ?IS WAS A HI<LY HI]>*ICAL ORGANIZATION ) A SMALL M9ORITY MAK+ ALL ! DECISIONS4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ,I DON'T REMEMB] ANY DISCUSSIONS ) OLD] MEMB]S ( ,OTPOR 9 ,ZR5JAN94 ,!Y JU/ GAVE US PROPAG&A MAT]IAL & TOLD US :AT TO DO ) IT1 & WE CONSID]$ ?IS TO BE NORMAL 9 A WAY4 ,& ( C\RSE ,OTPOR WAS F9ANC$ ) ,C,I,A MONEY4 ,ALL MAJOR DECISIONS & ALL ! PROCLAMATIONS W]E MADE BY ?IS SMALL M9ORITY AS WELL4  
  

,%\LD WE BE SUSPICI\S ( RESI/ANCE GR\PS ?AT CLAIM NOT TO HAVE =MAL /RUCTURES OR HI]>*IES8 ,DO GR\PS HAVE TO BE TRANSP>5T TO ! PUBLIC1 9 ORD] TO DES]VE TRU/8 ,H[ DOES ?IS AFFECT ! SECURITY ( ?OSE :O P>TICIPATE8  
  

,I DO NOT ?9K ?AT WE %\LD BE AUTOMATICALLY SUSPICI\S ( GR\PS ?AT CLAIM NOT TO HAVE =MAL HI]>*IES1 BECAUSE ?IS IS AN AN>*I/ WAY ( ORGANIZ+1 & ,I ?9K ?AT IT IS PROV5 ?AT ?IS K9D ( ORGANIZ+ IS POSSIBLE & CAN BE V]Y EFFECTIVE4 ,! ,OTPOR CASE1 :I* DIDN'T HAVE ANY?+ TO DO ) AN>*ISM OR ANY K9D ( RADICAL POLITICS OR ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN ORGANIZ+1 DOESN'T DISPROVE ?IS AT ALL4 

,AS F> AS TRANSP>5CY TO ! PUBLIC 7& !RE=E ! /ATE7 IS CONC]N$1 ,I ?9K ?AT EV]Y CASE NE$S TO BE JUDG$ 9DIVIDUALLY4 ,9 MY OP9ION1 ! MO/ IMPORTANT V>IABLES >E ! LOCAL POLITICAL CONTEXT1 ! TYPE ( POLITICAL GR\P1 & :AT K9D ( ACTIVITIES Y\ 5GAGE 94 ,DIFF]5T REGIMES HAVE DIFF]5T WAYS ( DEAL+ ) RADICAL POLITICAL GR\PS2 IT IS NOT ! SAME TO ORGANIZE 9 ,TURKEY OR 9 ,GREECE AS IT IS 9 ,S]BIA4  
  

,H[ MU* W]E AN>*I/S OR RADICALS 9VOLV$ 9 ,OTPOR8 ,W]E !RE O!R RESI/ANCE EF=TS GO+ ON AT ! TIME1 OR DID IT ABSORB ALL ( !M8  
  

,I AM NOT AW>E IF ANY AN>*I/S W]E 9VOLV$ 9 ,OTPOR1 BUT ,I KN[ =M] MEMB]S ( ,OTPOR :O >E N[ AN>*I/S OR CLOSE TO ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN POLITICS4 

,AS ,I SAID1 !RE WAS AN ANTIW> & ANTI-NATIONALI/ MOVEM5T 9 ,S]BIA LONG BE=E ,OTPOR APPE>$--BUT ?IS ANTIW> & ANTI-NATIONALI/ TR5D WAS A M9ORITY 9SIDE ! ANTI-,MILOSEVIC MOVEM5T 9 ,S]BIA4 ,& ! AN>*I/S & RADICALS 9VOLV$ 9 ! ANTI-NATIONALI/ P>T ( ! MOVEM5T W]E A T9Y M9ORITY 9SIDE A M9ORITY4 ,:5 ,OTPOR APPE>$1 MO/ ( ! RESI/ANCE EF=TS C>RI$ \T BY Y\NG PEOPLE W]E ABSORB$ BY ,OTPOR4 ,! ?+ ?AT IS V]Y IMPORTANT H]E IS ,OTPOR'S IDEOLOGICAL RELATION TO ! NATIONALI/ & CONS]VATIVE MAJORITY ( ! ANTI-,MILOSEVIC MOVEM5T4 

,9 ! IDEOLOGICAL FIELD1 ,OTPOR WAS ALSO V]Y F> AWAY FROM ANY K9D ( ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN POLITICS4 ,BASICALLY1 ! IDEOLOGY ?AT ,OTPOR PROPAGAT$ WAS A =M ( ANTI-COMMUNISM QUITE TYPICAL = ?AT P]IOD 9 ,S]BIA 7& TODAY TO A DEGREE71 :I* COMB9$ A CONS]VATIVE WORLD \TLOOK1 NEOLIB]AL FREE M>KET IDEOLOGY1 CULTURAL RACISM1 ELITISM1 ,EUROC5TRISM1 & NATIONALISM4 ,ONE ( ! TYPICAL IDEOLOGICAL PO9TS ( ,OTPOR'S PROGRAM WAS ?AT A W> WAS TAK+ PLACE BETWE5 TWO ,S]BIAS4 ,ONE WAS A BACKW>D1 ,ASIAN ,S]BIA--,TURKI%1 COMMUNI/1 COLLECTIVI/1 & PRO-,MILOSEVIC--& ! O!R WAS ! =W>D-LOOK+1 MOD]N1 ,EUROPEAN1 PRO-FREE M>KET ,S]BIA ?AT W\LD BUILD A NEW ELITE TO GUIDE A UNIT$ NATION4  
  

,H[ DID ! LEGACY ( ,OTPOR & ! D[NFALL ( ,MILOSEVIC FRAME ! CONTEXT = RADICAL ORGANIZ+ AFT] #b8 ,H[ DID IT MAKE IT EASI] = AN>*I/S TO ORGANIZE1 & H[ DID IT MAKE IT H>D]8  
  

,:AT IS ! LEGACY ( ,MILOSEVIC & HIS D[NFALL & ! ASC5SION TO P[] ( HIS SUPPOS$ 5EMIES1 9CLUD+ ELITE P>TICIPANTS 9 ,OTPOR8 ,AS ,I SAID E>LI]1 IT IS A DEPRESS$ & APA!TIC POPULATION4 ,?IS IS CAUS$ BY ! CONT9UATION & 9T5SIFICATION ( ECONOMIC POV]TY & DEPRIVATION1 ! PRIVATIZATION ( COMMUNAL PROP]TY1 & /ATE REPRESSION & T]ROR1 BUT IT ALSO REFLECTS ! FRU/RATION ( ! DOM9ANT IDEOLOGICAL C5T]S 7NATIONALI/1 CONS]VATIVE1 & FASCI/7 ) ! FACT ?AT ! ,S]BIAN IMP]IALI/ PROJECT HAS FAIL$ MIS]ABLY4 ,SO UN=TUNATELY ?IS SITUATION NOT ONLY CONTRIBUTES TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( MASS CYNICISM BUT ALSO FO/]S NEW =MS ( FASCISM & RI<T-W+ EXTREMISM4 

,! ,OTPOR EXP]I5CE DOESN'T HELP US MU* 9 AN>*I/ & ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN ORGANIZ+ 9 ,S]BIA TODAY4 ,WE OP]ATE 9 DIFF]5T CIRCUM/ANCES & >E 9 NE$ ( COMPLETELY DIFF]5T /RATEGIES ( RESI/ANCE2 9 MY OP9ION1 ?IS MEANS CON/RUCT+ ( NETWORKS ( SOLID>ITY NOT ONLY BETWE5 RADICALS1 BUT MORE IMPORTANTLY1 BETWE5 ORD9>Y PEOPLE :O >E FI<T+ !IR 0SMALL0 LOCAL FI<TS 9 !IR FACTORIES1 NEI<BORHOODS1 & ELSE:]E4 ,& BAS$ ON ?IS1 CREAT+ AN ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN MOVEM5T 9 ! FUTURE ?AT IS C5T]$ >\ND SOLID>ITY & MUTUAL AID AS ITS CORE VALUES & PR9CIPALS4  
  

,:5 ! ,MILOSEVIC REGIME ATTEMPT$ TO REPRESS Y\?FUL OPPOSITION 9 #b1 ?IS PROVOK$ A POPUL> BACKLA%4 ,DID ?IS DELEGITIMIZE GOV]NM5T REPRESSION ( RADICALS AFT] ! *ANGE ( ! GOV]NM5T1 AS WELL8  
  

,MILOSEVIC'S REPRESSION ( HIS OPPOSITION DID NOT DELEGITIMIZE REPRESSION ( RADICALS OR ANY O!R K9D ( DISS5T = ?AT MATT]4 ,JU/ REC5TLY WE HAD A CASE 9 :I* SIX AN>*I/S FROM ,BELGRADE SP5T SIX MON?S 9 JAIL = SUPPOS$LY ?R[+ A ,MOLOTOV COCKTAIL AT ! ,GREEK EMBASSY--! DAMAGE WAS #b ,EURO--= :I* !Y W]E *>G$ = 9T]NATIONAL T]RORISM4 ,AFT] SOME PUBLIC PRESSURE1 !Y >E FREE N[ & ! *>GES >E DROPP$1 BUT ! REPRESSION ( ,ROMA PEOPLE & /RIK+ OR PROTE/+ WORK]S IS PRACTICALLY A DAILY EV5T1 ) NEW LAWS MAK+ IT MORE DIFFICULT TO ORGANIZE /RIKES & PROTE/S4 

,! RATIONALE IS ?AT ,MILOSEVIC'S REGIME WAS ILLEGITIMATE1 DICTATORIAL1 & COMMUNI/1 & ?AT !RE=E ! 0REVOLUTION0 ( ,OCTOB] #e? WAS LEGITIMATE1 BUT ?AT DISS5T AGA9/ ?IS GOV]NM5T IS NOT LEGITIMATE BECAUSE ! NEW REGIME IS 0DEMOCRATIC1 PRO-,EUROPEAN1 & ACCEPT$ BY ! WE/]N DEMOCRACIES40  
  

,COMP>E & CONTRA/ ! ,S]BIAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T TODAY TO AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+ ELSE:]E 9 ! ,BALKANS1 SU* AS ,CROATIA4  
  

,9 BO? C\NTRIES WE SPEAK ! SAME LANGUAGE & %>E QUITE A LOT ( ! REC5T & NOT-SO-REC5T HI/ORY4 ,SO !RE >E MANY SIMIL>ITIES1 & AN>*I/S FROM ,S]BIA & ,CROATIA HAVE A LONG HI/ORY ( FRI5D%IP & COOP]ATION4 ,9 BO? C\NTRIES REC5T AN>*ISM MO/LY ORIG9AT$ FROM ! AN>*O-PUNK SC5E4 ,& AS ?AT SC5E WAS MORE DEVELOP$ 9 ,CROATIA1 TODAY AN>*ISM IS MORE PRES5T !RE !N 9 ,S]BIA4 

,?IS 0PUNK ?+0 HAS ALWAYS BE5 AN ISSUE H]E4 ,P]SONALLY1 ,I F9D ?IS QUE/ION BOR+ & UNNECESS>Y4 ,A LOT ( AN>*I/S SP5D A LOT ( TIME ATTACK+ ! PUNK SC5E AS 0LIFE/YLI/10 NOT S]I\S1 & SO ON2 9 MY OP9ION ?IS IS S5SELESS1 BECAUSE NONE ( ! AN>*I/S COM+ FROM ! AN>*O-PUNK SC5E CLAIMS ?AT 0PUNK0 IS !IR POLITICS4 ,ALSO1 SOME ( ! EX-PUNKS >E N[ 0ANTI-PUNKS04 ,I F9D ?IS :OLE ?+ V]Y SILLY4 

,SO ! MOVEM5T 9 ,CROATIA IS MORE DEC5TRALIZ$1 ) MORE ACTIVE GR\PS1 BETT] ORGANIZATION1 & A FEW 9FO%OPS ACROSS ,CROATIA :ILE !RE >E CURR5TLY NONE 9 ,S]BIA4 ,9 MY M9D ! REASON = ?IS IS A MORE DEVELOP$ AN>*O-PUNK SC5E AS A BASIS = ! DEVELOPM5T ( AN>*ISM4 ,I AM NOT IMPLY+ ?AT AN AN>*O-PUNK SC5E IS NECESS>Y = ! DEVELOPM5T ( AN>*I/ POLITICS1 OR ?AT IT IS A NECESS>ILY A GOOD ?+4 ,( C\RSE1 WE HAVE MANY PROBLEMS 9 ?IS CASE1 ! CLASSIC ONE BE+ H[ TO OV]COME SUBCULTURAL ISOLATION & CONNECT TO ! WID] SOCIETY4 ,BUT ,I DON'T ?9K ?IS PROBLEM IS 9H]5T TO ! PUNK SUBCULTURE ALONE4 ,9 A WAY1 ! OLD-FA%ION$ 0S]I\S0 LEFTI/S ) !IR [N RITUALS >E ALSO A V]Y CLOS$ GR\P ?AT HAS A LOT ( TR\BLE CONNECT+ ) ! RE/ ( SOCIETY AS WELL4 ,MAYBE EV5 MORE TR\BLE6 

,9 BO? ,S]BIA & ,CROATIA1 WE HAVE ONE TR5D ( AN>*I/S ORGANIZ+ 9 SMALL AFF9ITY GR\PS & ANO!R TR5D ( AN>*I/S TRY+ TO DEVELOP AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ UNIONS BUT EFFECTIVELY BE+ ORGANIZ$ 9 SMALL AFF9ITY GR\PS AS WELL1 AT LEA/ = ! TIME BE+4 

,9 ,GREECE1 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T DIDN'T DEVELOP FROM ! AN>*O-PUNK SC5E1 BUT FROM ! RADICAL LEFTI/ MOVEM5T4 ,REC5TLY ,I SPOKE ) TWO AN>*I/ FRI5DS 9VOLV$ 9 ! SO-CALL$ 0SOCIAL AN>*I/0 P>T ( ! MOVEM5T 9 ,GREECE1 CLOSE TO ! ,ANTI-,AU?ORIT>IAN ,MOVEM5T2 !Y TOLD ME ?AT !Y CONSID] IT A GOOD ?+ = AN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T TO DEVELOP FROM A PUNK SC5E1 LIKE 9 ,S]BIA & ,CROATIA1 BECAUSE 9 !IR OP9ION ?AT MAKES A MOVEM5T MORE OP5 TO NEW IDEAS4 ,I'M NOT SURE IF ?IS IS TRUE4  
  

,:AT IS ! 9FLU5CE ( ! ,GREEK AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,S]BIA8  
  

,WE MA9TA9 FRI5DLY RELATIONS ) ! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IANS FROM ,GREECE4 ,SOME ( !M P>TICIPAT$ 9 \R ANNUAL ,ZR5JAN9 ,ANTIFASCI/ ,FE/IVAL1 & !Y ALSO ORGANIZ$ A B5EFIT EV5T = ,Z,A,F 9 ,GREECE4 ,!Y 9VIT$ US TO P>TICIPATE 9 AN EV5T !Y >E ORGANIZ+ 9 ,!SSALONIKI4 ,WE >E ALSO DISCUSS+ ORGANIZ+ SOME REGIONAL AN>*I/ EV5TS TOGE!R4 

,! SITUATION 9 :I* ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T DEVELOP$ 9 ,GREECE WAS QUITE DIFF]5T FROM ! SITUATION 9 EX-,YUGOSLAVIA4 ,GREECE WAS RUL$ BY A RI<T-W+ DICTATOR%IP1 :ILE ,YUGOSLAVIA HAD A 0COMMUNI/0 REGIME1 & !N LAT] A =M] COMMUNI/ AS DICTATOR4 ,!SE SITUATIONS L$ TO V]Y DIFF]5T \TCOMES3 TODAY 9 ,GREECE !Y HAVE PROBABLY ! BIGGE/ AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ! WORLD1 :ILE 9 ,S]BIA A LOT ( RI<T-W+1 FASCI/ 7Y\?7 GR\PS HAVE APPE>$1 CAUS$ BY ! RE-TRADITIONALIZATION & FASCIZATION ( \R SOCIETY ?AT HAPP5$ 9 ! #a#i#iS4 ,Y\ CAN SEE ?IS AS A REACTION TO ! 0COMMUNI/0 & 0SOCIALI/0 AU?ORIT>IAN REGIME4 

,NEV]!LESS1 ! EXP]I5CE ( ! MOVEM5T 9 ,GREECE IS V]Y IMPORTANT TO US4 ,AS IS ! BUILD+ ( WID] ,BALKAN NETWORKS ( SOLID>ITY4  
  

,9 A CONTEXT ( RAMPANT NATIONALISM1 H[ CAN AN>*I/S CONNECT ) 0!0 PEOPLE )\T TACITLY APPROV+ NATIONALI/ POLITICS8  
  

,WE %\LD NOT P]CEIVE 0! PEOPLE0 AS AN AB/RACT 5TITY LIKE 0! ,NATION10 BUT AS ORD9>Y PEOPLE ) !IR [N LOCAL1 EV]YDAY1 0SMALL0 BUT V]Y IMPORTANT ISSUES & PROBLEMS4 ,9 ?AT S5SE1 A GR\P ( RADICALS ACTIVE 9 !IR LOCAL COMMUNITY IS NOT SOME?+ SEP>ATE FROM 0! PEOPLE40 ,:5 Y\ HAVE AN APPROA* LIKE ?IS Y\ WILL ALWAYS DEAL ) PEOPLE :O >E NOT AN>*I/S OR RADICALS1 & ALSO ) SOME :O ESP\SE EV5 NATIONALI/ OR CONS]VATIVE VIEWS4 ,BUT :5 Y\ MEET !M 9DIVIDUALLY & P]SONALLY1 Y\ CAN UND]/& :]E !Y >E COM+ FROM BETT] & !Y CAN ALSO UND]/& H[ Y\R POLITICS >E DIFF]5T FROM ! POLITICS ( ! POLITICIANS--& AL?\< MAYBE !Y WON'T AGREE ) ALL Y\R POSITIONS1 !Y WILL UND]/& !M BETT]4 ,?IS DOESN'T MEAN WE %\LD BE TOL]ANT ( NATIONALISM--JU/ ! OPPOSITE6--BUT IT MEANS ?AT 9 ORD] TO BUILD A SOCIAL MOVEM5T BAS$ ON SOLID>ITY WE MU/ 5GAGE ) ! LOCAL COMMUNITY & 0FACE T[>DS IT40 ,MAYBE ?IS S\NDS SIMPLI/IC1 BUT ?IS IS ! WAY ,I SEE IT N[4  
  

,:AT RELATION%IPS DO DIFF]5T NATIONALI/ GR\PS ?R\< =M] ,YUGOSLAVIA HAVE TO EA* O!R8 ,DO NATIONALI/ GR\PS 9 =M] ,YUGOSLAVIA FOCUS MORE ON FI<T+ AGA9/ EA* O!R1 OR AGA9/ RADICALS & IMMIGRANTS8 ,:AT CAN WE LE>N FROM ?IS8  
  

,WELL1 !Y HATE EA* O!R1 ( C\RSE--NOT ONLY BECAUSE ( ! REC5T W>S BUT ALSO BECAUSE !IR NATIONALI/ ID5TITIES >E V]Y MU* BAS$ ON HAT+ EA* O!R4 ,& ! ABSURD BUT LOGICAL ?+ IS ?AT BESIDES !IR MUTUAL HATE1 !IR WORLD VIEWS >E ID5TICAL4 

,CROATIA IS NOT A LESS NATIONALI/ SOCIETY !N ,S]BIA1 BUT 9 A WAY ,CROATIAN NATIONALI/S & FASCI/S >E CURR5TLY LESS FRU/RAT$ 7AL?\< ,I BELIEVE FASCI/S >E 0FRU/RAT$0 BY DEF9ITION7 ?AN !IR ,S]BIAN C\NT]P>TS1 BECAUSE ! ,CROATIAN NATIONALI/ PROJECT WAS QUITE SUCCESSFUL3 !Y SUCCE$$ 9 CREAT+ AN E?NICALLY CLEANS$ NATION-/ATE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ,S]BIAN NATIONALI/S & FASCI/S >E 9T5SELY FRU/RAT$ BY ! TOTAL COLLAPSE ( !IR NATIONALI/ PROJECT4 ,SO !Y TURN !IR ATT5TION MORE TO ! 09T]NAL 5EMY03 ,L,G,B,T PEOPLE1 ,ROMA PEOPLE1 ANTIFASCI/S1 AN>*I/S1 & O!R 0TRAITORS40 ,( C\RSE1 FASCI/S ALWAYS CONC5TRATE ON ! 9T]NAL 5EMIES1 BUT LESS SUCCESSFUL FASCI/S DO ?IS MORE !N O!RS1 9 MY OP9ION4 

,= EXAMPLE1 IT'S RELATIVELY SAFE = AN>*I/S 9 ,CROATIA TO /AGE PUBLIC EV5TS1 BUT 9 ,S]BIA Y\ ALWAYS NE$ TO ?9K AB\T POT5TIAL ASSAULTS BY ! ,NAZIS4 ,ALSO1 ,ZAGREB ,PRIDE IS A SUCCESSFUL ANNUAL EV5T DESPITE FASCI/S REGUL>LY ORGANIZ+ AGA9/ IT1 BUT ,BELGRADE ,PRIDE HASN'T HAPP5$ YET4 ,ON ! FIR/ ATTEMPT TO ORGANIZE IT WE HAD REAL LYN*+ SC5ES 9 ! /REETS ( ,BELGRADE1 & LA/ YE> IT WAS BANN$ BY ! AU?ORITIES BECAUSE 0!Y DIDN'T FEEL ?AT !Y C\LD PROTECT ! P>TICIPANTS40  
  

,:AT /RATEGIES HAVE WORK$ 9 ,S]BIA = BUILD+ ANTIFASCI/ RESI/ANCE8 ,:I* /RATEGIES HAVE FAIL$8  
  

,AFT] A LOT ( DISCUSSIONS ) MY FRI5DS1 ,I CAME TO ! FOLL[+ PROVISIONAL CONCLUSIONS4 

,ONE ( ! USUAL MI/AKES IS TO CONFUSE 0MILITANCY0 ) RADICAL POLITICS1 ?AT IS TO BELIEVE ?AT M]E USE ( VIOL5CE AGA9/ ! FASCI/S MEANS ?AT Y\R APPROA* IS POLITICALLY RADICAL4 ,I ALREADY SAID ?AT ,I ?9K 5GAG+ ! LOCAL COMMUNITY IS CRUCIAL3 ?US ! 0FASCI/ PROBLEM0 MU/ NOT BE DEALT ) SEP>ATELY4 ,IF WE CONNECT ! PROBLEM ( FASCISM ) ! WID] PROBLEMS ( CAPITALISM & EXPLOITATION1 :I* IS NOT H>D TO DO FROM AN AN>*I/ P]SPECTIVE BECAUSE ?IS IS EXACTLY ! PO9T ( RADICAL ANTI-FASCISM1 & ESPECIALLY IF WE CONNECT IT TO LOCAL MANIFE/ATIONS ( !SE WID] PROBLEMS1 WE CREATE ! CONDITIONS TO REE/ABLI% ANTI-FASCISM AS AN IMPORTANT P>T ( PEOPLE'S /RUGGLES AGA9/ OPPRESSION 9 G5]AL4 

,?IS DOES NOT EXCLUDE MILITANCY1 :I* IS A NECESSITY 9 COMBAT+ FASCISM4 ,BUT IF WE PUT M]E VIOL5CE 9 ! C5T] ( \R ANTIFASCI/ 0POLITICS0 )\T A WID] RADICAL CRITIQUE ( CAPITALISM & ITS CONCRETE CONSEQU5CES1 WE RISK BE+ P]CEIV$ AS ONE HOOLIGAN OR SUBCULTURAL GR\P FI<T+ ANO!R--OR EV5 WORSE1 AS ONE GR\P ( EXTREMI/S FI<T+ ANO!R--& ?US1 BECOM+ ALI5AT$ FROM ! RE/ ( ! SOCIETY4 ,& DESPITE ! USE ( VIOL5CE BE+ A NECESSITY 9 COMBAT+ FASCISM1 IT IS ALSO GOOD TO REMEMB] ?AT ! USE ( NONVIOL5T RADICAL ME?ODS IS ALSO ESS5TIAL 9 CREAT+ SOCIAL MOVEM5TS4 

,( C\RSE1 ,I ?9K IT IS EQUALLY BAD TO TRY TO PRES5T Y\R ANTI-FASCISM AS 0RESPECTABLE0 BY REFRA9+ FROM VIOL5CE & CLEANS+ IT ( RADICAL ELEM5TS TO BUILD AN ALLIANCE ) LIB]AL ANTI-FASCISM4 ,9 ,S]BIA1 ?IS WILL PRODUCE ! SAME RESULTS AS ,I DESCRIB$ ABOVE3 ALI5ATION FROM ! WID] SOCIETY4 

,APP5DIX ,A3 ,:AT >E ! ORIG9S ( CONTEMPOR>Y AN>*ISM 9 ,S]BIA8 

  

,! FIR/ ,S]BIAN SOCIALI/1 ,ZIVOJ9 ,ZUJOVIC 7#a#h#c#h-#a#h#g71 WAS A FOLL[] ( ,PR\DHON4 ,ZUJOVIC 9FLU5C$ ! FIR/ ,S]BIAN SOCIALI/ !ORETICIAN ,SVETOZ> ,M>KOVIC 7#a#h#d#f-#a#h#g#e71 A C5TRAL FIGURE ( ! E>LY ,S]BIAN REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,M>KOVIC WAS NOT AN AN>*I/1 BUT WAS SIGNIFICANTLY 9FLU5C$ BY AN>*ISM1 & HIS IDEAS CONTA9 LIB]T>IAN CONCEPTS4 ,9 ! #a#h#gS !RE WAS A L>GE CONT+5T ( ,S]BIAN /UD5TS ) SOCIALI/ LEAN+S BAS$ 9 ,ZURI*1 ,SWITZ]L&4 ,AMONG !M !RE W]E AN>*I/S SU* AS ,JOVAN ,ZUJOVIC1 ,MANOJLO ,HRVACAN91 & ,KO/A ,UGR9IC :O W]E 9 CLOSE COOP]ATION ) ,BAKUN94 ,BAKUN9 TOOK P>T AT ! #ahgb CONF]5CE ( ,S]BIAN SOCIALI/S1 & ALMO/ S+LE-H&$LY WROTE ! DRAFT ( ! PROGRAM ( ! 0,S]BIAN SOCIALI/ P>TY40 ,ALONGSIDE ,RUSSIAN1 ,ITALIAN1 & O!R AN>*I/S1 SOME ( !SE AN>*I/S1 9CLUD+ ,HRVACAN9 & ,UGR9IC1 P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! ,BOSNIAN 9SURRECTION AGA9/ ! ,TURKI% OCCUPI]S 9 #a#h#g#e4 ,! LEAD] ( ?IS REVOLUTION>Y CONT+5T ( 9SURRECTIONI/S WAS ! ,S]BIAN SOCIALI/ ,VASA ,PELAGIC4 

,LAT]1 FOLL[]S ( ,SVETOZ> ,M>KOVIC DIVID$ 9TO A RE=MI/ ,RADICAL P>TY 9CLUD+ SOME =M] AN>*I/S LIKE ,JOVAN ,ZUJOVIC 7:O BECAME M9I/] ( $UCATION 9 ! ,S]BIAN GOV]NM5T 9 #a#i#e7 & ! REVOLUTION>Y W+ L$ BY ,MITA ,C5IC 7#a#h#e#a-#a#h#h#h71 ANO!R NON-AN>*I/ 9FLU5C$ BY AN>*ISM4 ,HE WAS 9 FACT A ,NE*AYEVI/ ,BLANQI/3 HE KNEW ,NE*AYEV P]SONALLY1 & ?\<T ?AT TRUE SOCIALI/ IDEAL LIES 9 ! SYN!SIS ( ,BLANQUI'S & ,PR\DHON'S IDEAS4 

,BY ! BEG9N+ ( ! #b? C5TURY ! ,RADICAL P>TY HAD COMPLETELY TRANS=M$ FROM A REVOLUTION>Y GR\P 9TO A RE=MI/ P>TY & F9ALLY 9TO A CONS]VATIVE P>TY1 AS ,C5IC HAD PR$ICT$4 ,BETWE5 #aie & ! BEG9N+ ( ! ,FIR/ ,WORLD ,W>1 ?ANKS TO ! 9FLU5CE ( ,KROPOTK9'S IDEAS & AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ EF=TS ELSE:]E 9 ,EUROPE1 NEW AN>*O-COMMUNI/ & AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ GR\PS & PAP]S APPE>$4 ,A GR\P ( AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S WAS ALSO ACTIVE 9SIDE ! ,S]BIAN SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC P>TY4 

,! MO/ PROM95T FIGURES AMONG ! NONP>TY AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S W]E ,KR/A ,CICV>IC & ,PET> ,MUNJIC4 ,MUNJIC WAS ALSO ! ,S]BIAN DELEGATE AT ! #aig AN>*I/ CONF]5CE 9 ,AM/]DAM4 ,SIMA ,M>KOVIC1 ONE ( ! PROM95T MEMB]S ( ! 0P>TY0 AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S 7! 0DIREKTASI071 LAT] BECAME G5]AL SECRET>Y ( ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,! AN>*O-COMMUNI/ GR\P WAS CALL$ ,KOMUNA4 

,ALL !SE GR\PS WORK$ & COMMUNICAT$ ) AN>*I/S 9 ! ,VOJVOD9A REGION 7!N P>T ( ,AU/RO-,HUNG>Y1 N[ ( ,S]BIA71 :]E ! ,S]BIAN AN>*I/ ,KR/A ,ISKRULJEV OP]AT$1 & ALSO ) AN>*I/ MEMB]S ( ,Y\NG ,BOSNIA1 ! ORGANIZATION ?AT ASSASS9AT$ ,FRANZ ,F]D9& 9 #a#i#a#d1 AS WELL AS ) ,SLOV5IAN1 ,CROATIAN1 & ,BULG>IAN AN>*I/S4 ,AFT] ! ,FIR/ ,WORLD ,W>1 MANY ( !SE AN>*I/S BECAME COMMUNI/S 9 ! NEWLY =M$ ,K+DOM ( ,YUGOSLAVIA2 O!RS BECAME RE=MI/ SOCIALI/S OR EV5 NATIONALI/S1 LIKE ,CICV>IC4 ,?OSE :O REMA9$ AN>*I/S--SU* AS ! PA9T] ,SAVA ,POPOVIC1 KILL$ 9 #aidb BY ! ,GE/APO 9 ,BELGRADE--W]E QUITE ISOLAT$4 

,AFT] ! ,SECOND ,WORLD ,W> & AS A RESULT ( ! L>GE/ ANTIFASCI/ 9SURRECTION 9 ,EUROPE1 A SOCIALI/ ,YUGOSLAVIA WAS =M$ & SOON BROKE ITS TIES ) ! ,SOVIET ,UNION4 ,9 ! #a#i#fS !RE WAS SOME R5EW$ 9T]E/ 9 AN>*I/ IDEAS1 ESPECIALLY AFT] ! #aifh EV5TS 9 ,BELGRADE & ,ZAGREB4 ,! ,PRAXIS GR\P ( ,M>XI/ HUMANI/ DISSID5TS ALSO APPE>$ DUR+ ! #a#i#fS4 ,SOME ( ! !ORETICIANS ( ! GR\P HAD WRITT5 QUITE POSITIVELY AB\T AN>*ISM1 & SOME AN>*I/ BOOKS W]E PUBLI%$4 ,ONE ( ! Y\NG] PEOPLE FROM ,PRAXIS1 ,TRIVO ,9DJIC1 WAS AN AN>*I/1 & LAT] ,ZORAN ,DJ9DIC1 A Y\NG] P]SON CLOSE TO ! ,PRAXIS GR\P1 ALSO CONSID]$ HIMSELF TO BE AN AN>*I/4 ,FILMMAK]S CONNECT$ TO ! ,YUGOSLAV 0BLACK WAVE0 C9EMA AT ! TIME1 SU* AS ,MAKAVEJEV1 ,/OJANOVIC1 & ,ZILNIK1 ALSO ESP\S$ AN>*I/ VIEWS4 ,9 ?AT P]IOD1 ,LEFT DISSID5TS--,M>XI/ HUMANI/S & SOME ,TROTSKYI/S & AN>*I/S--MO/LY MOV$ 9SIDE CLOS$ DISCUSSION GR\PS )\T ANY K9D ( CONTACT ) SOCIAL MOVEM5TS4 ,AS 9 ! ,EA/]N ,BLOC1 0SOCIAL MOVEM5TS0 W]E PRACTICALLY NONEXI/5T4 

,:5 ! ,YUGOSLAV CRISIS BROKE \T 9 ! #a#i#iS MANY ( !SE PEOPLE CONV]T$ TO O!R IDEOLOGIES SU* AS NATIONALISM OR LIB]ALISM4 ,9 #a#i#i1 ! =M] AN>*I/ ,DJ9DJIC JO9$ SOME O!R ,PRAXIS MEMB]S 9 F\ND+ ! PRO-CAPITALI/ ,DEMOCRATIC P>TY2 )9 A C\PLE ( YE>S HE BECAME ! LEAD] ( ! P>TY4 ,AFT] ,OCTOB] #e1 #b1 HE BECAME ! PRIME M9I/] ( ,S]BIA1 UNTIL HE WAS KILL$ BY ORGANIZ$ CRIME_/SECRET POLICE_/NATIONALI/ ELEM5TS 9 #b#c4 

,MEAN:ILE1 ,9DJIC & A FEW O!R PEOPLE FROM HIS G5]ATION JO9$ SOME Y\NG] PEOPLE 9 ! ,BELGRADE ,LIB]T>IAN ,GR\P4 ,!Y W]E ONE ( A FEW SMALL AN>*I/ GR\PS ?AT APPE>$ 9 ! #a#i#iS2 O!RS 9CLUD$ ,TORP$O 9 ,SM$]EVO1 ,KONTRAPUNKT 9 ,KRALJEVO1 ,CRNI ,GAVRAN 7,BLACK ,RAV57 9 ,SM$]EVSKA ,PALANKA1 & ,G,L,I,B 9 ,BELGRADE4 

,AFT] #b1 ,9DJIC BECAME ! ,S]BIAN AMBASSADOR TO ,SPA92 BO? ! ,BELGRADE ,LIB]T>IAN ,GR\P & ,G,L,I,B DISB&$4 ,KONTRAPUNKT ALSO DISB&$ & REASSEMBL$ AGA9 9 ,BELGRADE2 IT /ILL EXI/S TODAY AS A COMPLETELY DIFF]5T GR\P1 MA9TA9+ AN ALT]NATIVE M$IA WEBSITE4 ,TORP$O ALSO DISAPPE>$4 ,SOME PEOPLE FROM ,TORP$O & ! ,G,L,I,B LAT] JO9$ ! ,MAOI/ ,P>TIJA ,RADA 7,P>TY ( ,LABOR74 

,9 #b#b1 ! ,A,S,I 7,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/ ,9ITIATIVE7 WAS =M$1 & LAT] ! ,D,S,M 7,ANO!R ,WORLD IS ,POSSIBLE7 COLLECTIVE4 ,! ,A,S,I IS ! ,S]BIAN SECTION ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S' ,ASSOCIATION1 & ,D,S,M WAS CLOSE TO ,PEOPLE'S ,GLOBAL ,ACTION2 !Y ORGANIZ$ A ,P,G,A CONF]5CE 9 #bd 9 ,BELGRADE BE=E EV5TUALLY CEAS+ TO EXI/4 

,AN>*I/S FROM ,NOVI ,SAD >E MA9LY ACTIVE 9SIDE ,A,F,A,N,S 7,ANTIFASCI/ ,ACTION ( ,NOVI ,SAD74 ,= A :ILE ! GR\P ,FRE$OM ,FI<T1 :I* WORKS CLOSELY ) SOME ,S]BIAN WORK]S GR\PS1 WAS CLOSE TO AN>*I/ POLITICS & PUBLI%$ ! ,BALKAN $ITION ( ,Z ,MAGAZ9E4 ,AFT] #b1 ,AN>HIJA_/BLOK #de PUBLI%+ 9ITIATIVE ALSO APPE>$2 !Y PUBLI% BOOKS ?AT >E NOT SOLD BUT DI/RIBUT$ BAS$ ON ! PR9CIPLES ( GIFT ECONOMICS4 ,SOME ( ! NEW] GR\PS 9CLUDE ,ANTIFA ,B,G,D1 ,QUE] ,BELGRADE1 ,ANTIFA ,ZR5JAN91 & ,ZLURADI ,P>ADI1 :I* HAS ALREADY TRANSLAT$ & PUBLI%$ AB\T FIFTY AN>*I/ PAMPHLETS4 

"9"9"9"9"9"9 ,FUR!R ,READ+  

,LOPE ,V>GAS'S ,A ,W> ,NE>BY1 AN ANALYSIS ( ! ,BALKAN SITUATION WRITT5 AT ! TURN ( ! C5TURY  

0,! ,WORK]S' ,MOVEM5T 9 ,S]BIA & EX-,YUGOSLAVIA03 ,A HI/ORY SPANN+ FROM #ahga TO #aiic  

0,! ,AN>*I/ ,TRADITION ON ,YUGOSLAV ,SOIL03 A %ORT] HI/ORY FROM ! ,KATE ,%>PLEY ,LIBR>Y  

,A L5G?Y & ANALYTICAL CONSID]ATION ( ,OTPOR  

,AN ACADEMIC COMP>ISON BETWE5 ,OTPOR & ! /UD5T UPRIS+ 9 ,BELGRADE ( ,JUNE #aifh  

,AN>*Y 9 ,BULG>IA3 ,AN ,9T]VIEW  
  

,APP5DIX ,B3 ,PROXY ,W> 

  

FROM ,ROLL+ ,?UND] 

,9 A CIVIL W>1 RIVAL FACTIONS (T5 SEEK ASSI/ANCE FROM =EIGN GOV]NM5TS2 ! LATT]1 ( C\RSE1 HAVE AG5DAS ( !IR [N1 & :AT MI<T HAVE APPE>$ A SIMPLE LOCAL CONFLICT BECOMES A TANGL$ 9T]NATIONAL 9TRIGUE4 

,ONCE UPON A TIME1 :5 ! GOV]NM5TS ( DIFF]5T NATIONS G5]ALLY P]CEIV$ !MSELVES TO HAVE DI/9CT 9T]E/S1 OP5 W>F>E WAS RELATIVELY COMMON4 ,AS 9DIVIDUAL NATIONS CONSOLIDAT$ !MSELVES 9TO BLOCS HELD 9 *ECK BY O!R BLOCS 7SEE ,MUTUALLY ,ASSUR$ ,DE/RUCTION71 PROXY W> 9CREAS+LY REPLAC$ OP5 CONFLICT4 ,! ,COLD ,W> BETWE5 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & ! ,SOVIET ,UNION1 = EXAMPLE1 WAS L>GELY F\<T BY PROXY ON BATTLEFIELDS SU* AS ,KOREA1 ,CUBA1 ,VIETNAM1 ,*ILI1 & ,NIC>AGUA4 ,AF<ANI/AN WAS ONE ( ! LA/ ( !SE1 & SUBSEQU5T HO/ILITIES BETWE5 ! MUJAHIDE5 & !IR ONE-TIME SPONSORS ILLU/RATE ! HAZ>DS ( PROXY W>F>E4 

,ONE CANNOT UND]/& ! HI/ORY ( RESI/ANCE )\T TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT H[ MANY MOVEM5TS & ORGANIZATIONS HAVE RECEIV$ =EIGN AID4 ,= EXAMPLE1 AFT] ! REUNIFICATION ( ,EA/ & ,WE/ ,G]MANY 9 #a#i#i1 IT CAME \T ?AT ! ,R$ ,>MY ,FACTION1 ,WE/ ,G]MANY'S LONGE/-RUNN+ >M$ RESI/ANCE GR\P1 HAD BE5 FUND$1 EQUIPP$1 & %ELT]$ BY ! NOTORI\SLY REPRESSIVE ,EA/ ,G]MAN ,/ASI1 DESPITE ! O/5SIBLY CONFLICT+ AG5DAS ( ! ,R,A,F & ,D,D,R4 ,LIKEWISE1 ! ,S]BIAN GR\P ,OTPOR1 KN[N = MOBILIZ+ GRASS-ROOTS RESI/ANCE TO ! REGIME ( ,SLOBODAN ,MILOSEVIC ?AT CULM9AT$ 9 ! /ORM+ ( ! CAPITAL BUILD+ & ! (FICES ( /ATE TELEVISION1 RECEIV$ MILLIONS ( DOLL>S FROM ORGANIZATIONS AFFILIAT$ ) ! ,U,S GOV]NM5T4 ,! C\NTLESS COPYCAT GR\PS ?AT APPE>$ AFT]W>DS ACROSS ,EA/]N ,EUROPE--,GEORGIA'S ,KM>A1 ,RUSSIA'S ,OBORONA1 ,ZUBR 9 ,BEL>US1 ,PORA 9 ! ,UKRA9E--C\LD BE SE5 AS Y\? MOVEM5TS /RUGGL+ AGA9/ REPRESSIVE GOV]NM5TS OR AS FRONT GR\PS = =EIGN P[]S1 DEP5D+ ON ONE'S VANTAGE PO9T4 ,EV5 :5 !Y DID REPRES5T G5U9E LOCAL MOVEM5TS1 IT WAS EASY = !IR 5EMIES TO PORTRAY !M AS PAWNS ( ,WE/]N CORPORATE 9T]E/S4 

,S9CE ! 5D ( ! ,COLD ,W>1 9T]NATIONAL CONFLICTS >E NO LONG] FRAM$ 9 B9>Y T]MS2 9/EAD1 !Y MANIFE/ !MSELVES AS A GLOBAL MAJORITY ATTEMPT+ TO RE9 9 A 0ROGUE /ATE0 SU* AS ,IRAQ OR ,NOR? ,KOREA4 ,RA!R ?AN OP5LY CONT5D+ = ASC5DANCY1 GOV]NM5TS >E WORK+ TOGE!R MORE & MORE TO DEEP5 & =TIFY ! DOM9ION ( HI]>*ICAL P[]4 ,/ATI/ & /ATE-SPONSOR$ REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLES >E LESS COMMON ?AN !Y W]E =TY YE>S AGO--9 A GLOBALIZ$ M>KET1 !Y'RE TOO MESSY & UNPR$ICTABLE TO BE WOR? ! TR\BLE4 ,IT FOLL[S ?AT ! REVOLUTION>IES ( ! FUTURE WILL PROBABLY HAVE TO DO )\T GOV]NM5T BACK+4 

,?IS IS NOT NECESS>ILY = ! WORSE4 ,/ATE SPONSOR%IP IS AT BE/ A MIX$ BLESS+1 EV5 = ?OSE :O DON'T OPPOSE /ATE P[] ON PR9CIPLE4 ,9 ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W>1 A CLASSIC EXAMPLE ( PROXY W>1 ! ,SOVIET ,UNION BACK$ ! COMMUNI/ ELEM5TS ( ! ,REPUBLICAN =CES1 :ILE ,HITL] & ,MUSSOL9I BACK$ ,FRANCO2 :5 ,/AL9 HAD TO APPEASE ,HITL] TO S]VE ,SOVIET 9T]E/S1 HE =C$ ! ,SPANI% COMMUNI/S TO SABOTAGE !IR [N REVOLUTION1 TAK+ D[N ! AN>*I/S & ! RE/ ( ! ,REPUBLICANS ) !M4 ,LACK+ SPONSOR%IP ( !IR [N1 ,SPANI% AN>*I/S W]E AT A TREM5D\S DISADVANTAGE--NOT SO MU* AGA9/ ! FASCI/S AS AGA9/ !IR [N SUPPOS$ ALLIES4 ,:5 ! LURE ( =EIGN FUND+ NO LONG] EXI/S & ALL ! GOV]NM5TS ( ! WORLD B& TOGE!R TO PUT D[N UPRIS+S1 AN>*I/S WILL COME 9TO \R [N AS ! ONLY ONES CAPABLE ( REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #i? ,NOVEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bbb 3 ,S]BIA3 ,FAKE ,REVOLUTIONS1 ,REAL ,/RUGGLES -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/