,\R ,=EIGN ,POLICY 
,W> & ,PEACE 

#aiad 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A 

,TEXT 3 

,/RICTLY SPEAK+1 WE CANNOT HAVE A =EIGN POLICY1 AS WE >E & WANT TO BE \TSIDE & AGA9/ ! CURR5T P>TITION ( ! WORLD 9TO RIVAL ,/ATES4 

,= US !RE >E NO =EIGN]S4 ,WE WANT ALL M51 :ATEV] !IR PLACE ( BIR?1 :ATEV] E?NICITY !Y MAY BE D]IV$ FROM1 :ATEV] LANGUAGE !Y SPEAK1 TO CONSID] !MSELVES AS BRO!RS & SI/]S & TO GR\P TOGE!R FREELY & COOP]ATE TOGE!R = ! GREATE/ WELL-BE+1 ! GREATE/ FRE$OM1 ! GREATE/ CIVILIZATION ( ALL4 

,& GIV5 ?AT ?IS UNIV]SAL BRO!RHOOD1 ?IS H>MONIZATION ( ALL 9T]E/S & ALL ASPIRATIONS 9 A VA/ UNITY 7?AT ( HUMANK9D7 ?AT RESPECTS & FAVORS ! FREE DEVELOPM5T ( ALL V>IETIES1 ! FULL AUTONOMY ( ALL 9DIVIDUALS & ALL GR\PS1 IS /ILL AN IDEAL 9 CONTRA/ TO TODAY'S H>% REALITY2 GIV5 ?AT M5 >E /ILL DIVID$ 9TO OPPRESS$ & OPPRESSORS1 & SOME LIVE EXPLOIT+ ! WORK ( O!RS1 & WORK]S C>RY ! WEI<T ( ALL SOCIAL BURD5S & >E CO]C$ 9 !IR MAT]IAL & MORAL DEVELOPM5T1 & (T5 R$UC$ TO ! MO/ SQUALID & /ULTIFY+ MIS]Y -- WE >E1 :ATEV] \R C\NTRY ( ORIG9 OR ADDRESS1 = ! OPPRESS$ AGA9/ ! OPPRESSORS1 = ! WORK]S AGA9/ ! P>ASITES1 )\T ANY REG>D TO ! V>I\S POLITICAL GR\P+S 9 :I* ! HI/ORICAL VICISSITUDES & ! 9T]E/S & AMBITIONS ( ! MA/]S1 AL?\< FAVOR$ BY SPECIAL NATURAL CONDITIONS1 DIVID$ HUMANITY4 

,IF ONE WANTS TO SPEAK ( =EIGN]S1 !N = US ! =EIGN] IS NOT ! ONE :O WAS BORN BEYOND SOME BORD] & SPEAKS A DIFF]5T LANGUAGE1 OR HAS A DIFF]5T COLOR$ SK92 -- ! =EIGN]1 ! 5EMY1 IS ! OPPRESSOR1 IS ! EXPLOIT]1 IS ANYONE :O1 9 :ATEV] C\NTRY1 SUBMITS ANO!R MAN TO HIS WILL4 

-- 0,BUT WE1 DESPITE \R COSMOPOLITANISM1 /ILL HAVE TO LIVE 9 ! /ATE 9 :I* WE F9D \RSELVES & SUBMIT TO ITS POLITICAL REGIME4 ,WE CAN IDEALLY FEEL 9 SOLID>ITY ) BO? ! WORK] 9 A DI/ANT C\NTRY & ! ONE :O WORKS BESIDE US1 WE CAN HATE =EIGN GOV]NM5TS AS MU* AS \R NATIONAL GOV]NM5T2 BUT 9 PRACTICE IT IS ) ! NEI<BORS ?AT SOLID>ITY OR /RUGGLE IS MO/ ALIVE1 MO/ FELT1 MO/ EFFECTIVE4 0 

,SO TELL US SOME PEOPLE :O1 NOT BE+ ABLE TO MAKE US PATRIOTS & NATIONALI/S ) ! COMMON >GUM5TS BAS$ ON CRIM9AL HATR$ & /UPID VANITIES1 BELIEVE !Y CAN APPEAL TO \R COMBATIVE 9/9CTS & MAKE US ACCEPT ! MO/ REACTION>Y !ORIES UND] ! MASK ( REVOLUTION>YISM4 ,& WE ACCEPT !IR !SIS4 ,WE1 DESPITE \R IDEAS1 >E =CIBLY ,ITALIAN CITIZ5S1 ?AT IS TO SAY SUBJECTS ( ! GOV]NM5T ( ,ITALY2 & !RE=E ?IS GOV]NM5T OPPRESSES US & AFFECTS US MORE ?AN ! GOV]NM5T ( ,JAPAN1 = EXAMPLE1 CAN DO2 & WE1 = \R P>T1 CAN DO AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T ( ,ITALY :AT WE W\LD HAVE NO MEANS ( DO+ AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T ( A DI/ANT C\NTRY4 ,SO ! CONCLUSION IS ?AT1 = AN AN>*I/1 ! FIR/ 5EMY IS ! OPPRESSOR :O IS CLOSE/ TO HIM1 & AGA9/ :OM HE CAN FI<T MO/ EFFECTIVELY4 ,= AN ,ITALIAN AN>*I/1 & 9 G5]AL = EV]Y ,ITALIAN WORK] :O ASPIRES TO ! EMANCIPATION ( HIMSELF & HIS COMPANIONS1 IT IS ABOVE ALL NECESS>Y TO FI<T ! GOV]NM5T ( ,ITALY & ! BOSSES ( ,ITALY1 ?AT IS1 ?OSE :O CLAIM TO BE \R CO-NATIONALS & \R COMPATRIOTS1 & 9 ! NAME ( ! NATION & ! C\NTRY W\LD WANT US TO DOCILELY ACCEPT !IR DOM9ION4 ,IS ?IS ! CONCLUSION !Y WANT$ TO REA*8 ,IF SO1 WE AGREE4 

,!Y SAY ?AT ! NATIONALI/ & PATRIOTIC S5TIM5T IS A FACT1 & !RE=E IT IS NECESS>Y TO ACCEPT IT4 

,!RE >E ALSO FACTS LIKE RELIGION1 CRIME1 MIS]Y1 SLAV]Y & A ?\S& 9DIVIDUAL & COLLECTIVE AB]RATIONS4 ,IS IT NECESS>Y1 !N1 TO ACCEPT EV]Y?+ & R5\NCE ANY ACTION = ! BETT]8 

,! PATRIOTIC FEEL+1 :5 IT IS NOT M]ELY A CON/RUCT MADE 9 ! 9T]E/ ( A CLASS & REALLY EXI/S 9 ! POPUL> MOOD1 IS GOOD :5 IT S]VES TO ANIMATE ! REVOLT AGA9/ ! OPPRESSOR :O HAPP5S TO BE A =EIGN]2 BAD :5 IT 5C\RAGES TO OPPRESS O!RS & TO MAKE 9DIG5\S OPPRESSION BETT] ACCEPT$4 ,IT ALWAYS REMA9S AN 9F]IOR FEEL+1 :I* CIVILIZATION MU/ REPLACE ) ! BROAD FEEL+ ( HUMAN BRO!RHOOD1 BUT IT IS RESPECTABLE & CAN EVOLVE & EXP& IF IT RECOGNIZES & RESPECTS 9 O!RS ! RI<T TO ! EQUIVAL5T FEEL+2 ?AT IS1 :51 CLAIM+ A HOMEL& = ITSELF1 IT KN[S H[ TO RESPECT ! HOMEL& ( O!RS OR1 EV5 BETT]1 IT KN[S H[ TO FI<T1 AS ! ,ITALIAN PATRIOTS ALREADY DO1 TO HELP O!RS TO CLAIM A HOMEL&4 ,DESPICABLE1 H[EV]1 & LEAD+ TO ! MO/ HORRIBLE ACTS & ! MO/ MIS]ABLE DEG5]ATIONS1 IF IT S]VES ! SATISFACTION ( CRIM9AL 9/9CTS ( RAP9E & DOM9ION4 

,! GOV]NM5T & ! RUL+ CLASSES USE PATRIOTIC S5TIM5T 7AS WELL AS ! O!R HUMAN DEFECT :I* IS RELIGI\S S5TIM5T7 TO MAKE !IR P[] BETT] ACCEPT$ BY ! PEOPLE & TO DRAG ! PEOPLE 9TO W>S & COLONIAL V5TURES C>RI$ \T = !IR EXCLUSIVE B5EFIT4 ,& ITS !ORI/S SAY ?AT ABOVE ! /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! POOR & ! RI*1 BETWE5 PROLET>IANS & PROP]TY [N]S1 !RE IS A NATIONAL SOLID>ITY ?AT UNITES 9 A FEEL+ & 9 A COMMON 9T]E/ EV]YONE 9 ! SAME C\NTRY1 ALL MEMB]S ( ! SAME NATION4 

,NATURALLY ?IS IS A DOCTR9E = ! DOM9AT$1 BECAUSE AS = ! DOM9ATORS1 !Y TREAT !IR CO-NATIONALS LIKE CANNON FODD]1 & PUT !IR MONEY :]E IT YIELDS MORE1 PREF] WORK]S :O PRODUCE MORE & SETTLE = LESS1 BUY & SELL ON ! MORE ADVANTAGE\S M>KET1 TAK+ C>E ONLY ( !IR PR(IT & COMPLETELY 9DIFF]5T TO ! SUFF]+S ( !IR CO-NATIONALS4 

,BUT EV5 IF IT W]E TRUE -- & SOMETIMES IT IS1 AS IT HAPP5S EV5 9 ! RELATIONS BETWE5 ! DIFF]5T PROV9CES ( ! SAME ,/ATE OR BETWE5 ! DIFF]5T CATEGORIES ( WORK]S -- EV5 IF IT W]E TRUE ?AT FROM ! PLUND]+ & OV]EXPLOITATION SOME MAT]IAL ADVANTAGE COMES TO P>T ( OR P]HAPS ! :OLE PROLET>IAT ( ! CONQU]+ C\NTRY1 ! CONQUE/1 OR ! COMPLICITY 9 IT BY ?OSE :O CLAIM TO BE FRI5DS ( ! WORK]S1 W\LD NOT BE LESS CONDEMNABLE1 EI!R FROM ! SUP]IOR PO9T ( VIEW ( HUMAN JU/ICE & FRE$OM1 OR EV5 FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! LA/+ 9T]E/S ( ! PROLET>IAT ITSELF1 :I* = A MOM5T MAY B5EFIT1 BUT !N PAYS ! CRIME 9 CURR5CY ( S]VITUDE4 

,A MURD] ALWAYS REMA9S AN ABOM9ABLE ACT ?AT DEGRADES & BE/IALIZES ?OSE :O COMMIT IT1 EV5 IF IT 5RI*ES !M444 NOT TO M5TION ?AT MO/ ( ! TIME1 SOON] OR LAT]1 IT 5DS UP BE+ A BAD DEAL6 

,WE >E AGA9/ ! B\RGEOIS CLASS1 WE /& AGA9/ & \TSIDE ! ,/ATE -- & WE URGE WORK]S TO DO ! SAME -- BO? 9 PEACE & 9 W>4 

,DEMOCRATIC SOCIALI/S1 :O1 :ILE CLAIM+ TO WANT TO REVOLUTIONIZE ! 5TIRE CAPITALI/ ORD]1 LAT] DO SOCIAL CONS]VATION WORK1 TRY+ TO MAKE ! CURR5T /ATE ( AFFAIRS MORE BE>ABLE & MORE SUPPORT$1 OR RA!R1 TRY+ TO MAKE US HOPE ?AT NEW LAWS CAN REPAIR ! MO/ GL>+ EVILS1 CAN TAKE AN 9T]E/ 9 RELATIONS ) =EIGN ,/ATES1 TRADE TREATIES1 ! RULE ( ! SEAS & SIMIL> HOBBIES4 ,REPUBLICANS1 :O 9/EAD ( ?9K+ AB\T MAK+ ! REPUBLIC >E CONC]N$ ) MORALIZ+ ! MON>*Y BY D5\NC+ ! ROBB]IES ( ! DEPUTIES & ! ILLICIT LOV]S ( ! G5]ALS1 CAN TAKE SIDES BY ! TRIPLE ALLIANCE OR ! TRIPLE AGREEM5T & WORRY AB\T ! /R5G? & PRE/IGE ( ,ITALY4 ,SOCIALI/S & ,REPUBLICANS ASPIRE TO GO TO P[] -- SOME P]HAPS ) ! MON>*Y -- & IT IS NATURAL ?AT !Y EX]CISE ! >TS ( ! /ATESMAN4 

,BUT WE1 :O TRULY WANT TO OV]?R[ ! CURR5T SOCIAL SY/EM1 WE :O >E NOT CONT5T ) SIMPLE IMPROVEM5TS1 WE :O BELIEVE ?AT !SE LIMIT$ IMPROVEM5TS ?AT ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM C\LD GRANT )\T D5Y+ ITSELF WILL NOT BE OBTA9$1 OR WILL NOT BE USEFUL NOR EFFECTIVE1 IF !Y >E NOT WRE/$ BY ! RESI/ANCE & ?REAT ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! BOSSES1 WE CANNOT HAVE ANY VOLUNT>Y RELATION%IP ) ! ,/ATE1 & WE >E CONC]N$ ) IT ONLY 9S(> AS WE CAN UND]M9E ITS /R5G? & EXI/5CE4 

,WE >E TOLD ?AT CIVILIZATION IS PROPAGAT$ ?R\< W>4 

,IF IT W]E TRUE1 WE %\LD 9 ANY CASE FIR/ ?9K ( BECOM+ CIVILIZ$ \RSELVES1 ?AT IS1 WE %\LD FIR/ CONQU] FRE$OM & ! POSSESSION ( WEAL? = \RSELVES1 WE %\LD MAKE MIS]Y1 IGNORANCE1 OPPRESSION1 ALCOHOLISM1 PRO/ITUTION DISAPPE> FROM \R MID/1 & !N BR+ TO O!RS ! B5EFITS ?AT WE HAD BE5 ABLE TO REALIZE = \RSELVES4 

,BR++ ! SLAU<T] TO O!R C\NTRIES 9 ORD] TO (F] !M CAPITALISM & A P>LIAM5T>Y REGIME1 TO COMB9E ! EVILS ( \R CIVILIZATION ) ?OSE ( !IR CIVILIZATION1 W\LD BE CRAZY :5 IT WAS NOT ! WORK ( DEL9QU5TS4 

,BUT IT'S NOT TRUE4 ,W>1 VIOL5CE1 DOES NOT PRODUCE CIVILIZATION1 BUT B>B>ISM1 SLAV]Y1 HATR$1 MIS]Y3 IT OPPRESSES ! LOS]1 CORRUPTS & /UPEFIES ! W9N]4 

,!RE IS NO HOLY W> BUT ! ONE MADE TO FREE \RSELVES FROM OPPRESSION2 !RE IS NO JU/ VIOL5CE BUT ?AT :I* REPELS VIOL5CE4 

,CIVILIZATION IS PROPAGAT$ ?R\< PROPAG&A1 EXAMPLE1 B5EFITS2 & IF ONE DAY ,EUROPE'S EMANCIPAT$ WORK]S HAVE TO TAKE !IR WEAPONS TO BACKW>D PEOPLES1 IT WILL NOT BE TO OPPRESS !M1 NOR TO IMPOSE SY/EMS ( LIFE ON !M ?AT !Y DO NOT APPRECIATE1 BUT TO HELP !M FREE !MSELVES1 TO RID !M ( 9DIG5\S OR \TSID] TYRANNY !Y >E SUBJECT TO4 ,& ) FRE$OM1 !Y WILL TAKE !M :EAT1 CATTLE1 M$IC9ES1 WORK TOOLS4 ,!N YES1 CIVILIZATION WILL BE ACCEPT$ & IT WILL EXP& ALL OV] ! WORLD1 TO MAKE ALL HUMANITY FREE1 RI*1 HAPPY & WISE4 

,! NEW APO/LES ( BRUTE =CE1 ! GLOV$ & P]FUM$ DUDES :O GO PLAY ,RODOMONTE AMONG ! BEAUTIFUL LADIES1 & S5D ! PROLET>IANS TO ! SLAU<T]H\SE = ! GLORY ( ! MON>*Y & ! BANK]S' PURSE1 CALL US PACIFI/S4 

,9DE$1 WE >E = PEACE1 BUT ONLY ON ! CONDITION ?AT !RE IS JU/ICE4 

,AS LONG AS !RE >E PRIVILEG$ :O SUPPORT !IR PRIVILEGE ) BRUTE =CE1 LET ! M5 ( W> ALSO BE C]TA9 ?AT WE WILL NOT MAKE PEACE4 

7,S\RCE3 ,TRANSLAT$ ON ,OCTOB] #bb BY ,JOAO ,BLACK FROM ! ,ITALIAN 9 WWW4BIBLIOTECAG9OBIANCO4IT4 ,REVIS$ = ,5GLI% CORRECTNESS BY ,ZOE ,BAK]4  ,?IS >TICLE WAS PUBLI%$ ORIG9ALLY AS 0,LA ,NO/RA ,POLITICA ,E/]A0 9 ,VOLONTA FROM ,ANCONA1 NUMB] #a1 #g ,M>* #a#i#a#d4 ,! ORIG9AL 9 ,ITALIAN CAN BE *ECK$ 9 WWW4BIBLIOTECAG9OBIANCO4IT47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #d1 #aiad 3 ,\R ,=EIGN ,POLICY -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,M>* #b#a1 #bba 3 ,\R ,=EIGN ,POLICY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,\R ,=EIGN ,POLICY -- ,UPDAT$4 

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