,P>T #f3 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE1 ,SECTION #ab 

#ahiiahii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,FLICKR ,US] _?#g#d#b1,C,C ,B,Y-,S,A ,LIC5SE ,! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T HAD UND]GONE A CONSID]ABLE DEVELOPM5T 9 ,FRANCE DUR+ ! YE>S #ahha & #a#h#h#b4 ,IT WAS G5]ALLY BELIEV$ ?AT ! ,FR5* M9D WAS HO/ILE TO COMMUNISM1 & )9 ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+M5'S ,ASSOCIATION 0COLLECTIVISM0 WAS PREA*$ 9/EAD4 ,IT MEANT !N ! POSSESSION ( ! 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION 9 COMMON1 EA* SEP>ATE GR\P HAV+ TO SETTLE = ITSELF :E!R ! CONSUMPTION ( PRODUCE %\LD BE ON 9DIVIDUALI/IC OR COMMUNI/IC L9ES4 ,9 REALITY1 H[EV]41 ! ,FR5* M9D WAS HO/ILE ONLY TO ! MONA/IC COMMUNISM1 TO ! PHALAN/]E ( ! OLD S*OOLS4 ,:5 ! ,JURA ,F$]ATION1 AT ITS CONGRESS ( #a#h#h1 BOLDLY DECL>$ ITSELF AN>*I/-COMMUNI/1 - ?AT IS1 9 FAVOR ( FREE COMMUNISM-AN>*ISM WON WIDE SYMPA?Y 9 ,FRANCE4 ,\R PAP] BEGAN TO SPREAD 9 ?AT1 C\NTRY1 LETT]S W]E EX*ANG$ 9 GREAT NUMB]S ) ,FR5* WORK]S1 & AN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ( IMPORTANCE RAPIDLY DEVELOP$ AT ,P>IS & 9 SOME ( ! PROV9CES1 ESPECIALLY 9 ! ,LYONS REGION4 ,:5 ,I CROSS$ ,FRANCE 9 #a#h#h#a1 ON MY WAY FROM ,?ONON TO ,LONDON1 ,I VISIT$ ,LYONS1 ,/4 ,ETI5NE1 & ,VI5NE1 LECTUR+ !RE1 & ,I F\ND 9 !SE CITIES A CONSID]ABLE NUMB] ( WORK]S READY TO ACCEPT \R IDEAS4 

,BY ! 5D ( #ahhb A T]RIBLE CRISIS PREVAIL$ 9 ! ,LYONS REGION4 ,! SILK 9DU/RY WAS P>ALYZ$1 & ! MIS]Y AMONG ! WEAV]S WAS SO GREAT ?AT CR[DS ( *ILDR5 /OOD EV]Y MORN+ AT ! GATES ( ! B>RACKS1 :]E ! SOLDI]S GAVE AWAY :AT !Y C\LD SP>E ( !IR BREAD & S\P4 ,?IS WAS ! BEG9N+ ( ! POPUL>ITY ( ,G5]AL ,B\LANG]1 :O HAD P]MITT$ ?IS DI/RIBUTION ( FOOD4 ,! M9]S ( ! REGION W]E ALSO V]Y PREC>I\S /ATE4 

,I KNEW ?AT !RE WAS A GREAT DEAL ( F]M5TATION1 BUT DUR+ ! ELEV5 MON?S ,I HAD /AY$ AT ,LONDON ,I HAD LO/ CLOSE CONTACT ) ! ,FR5* MOVEM5T4 ,A FEW WEEKS AFT] ,I RETURN$ TO ,?ONON ,I LE>N$ FROM ! PAP]S ?AT ! M9]S ( ,MONCEAU-LES-,M9ES1 9C5S$ AT ! VEXATIONS ( ! ULTRA-,CA?OLIC [N]S ( ! M9ES1 HAD BEGUN A SORT ( MOVEM5T2 !Y W]E HOLD+ SECRET MEET+S1 TALK+ ( A G5]AL /RIKE 2 ! /ONE CROSSES ]ECT$ ON ALL ! ROADS R\ND ! M9ES W]E ?R[N D[N OR BL[N UP BY DYNAMITE C>TRIDGES1 :I* >E L>GELY US$ BY ! M9]S 9 UND]GR\ND WORK1 & (T5 REMA9 9 !IR POSSESSION4 ,! AGITATION AT ,LYONS ALSO TOOK ON A MORE VIOL5T *>ACT]4 ,! AN>*I/S1 :O W]E RA!R NUM]\S 9 ! CITY1 ALL[$ NO MEET+ ( ! OPPORTUNI/ POLITICIANS TO BE HELD )\T OBTA9+ A HE>+ = !MSELVES1 /ORM+ ! PLAT=M1 AS A LA/ RES\RCE4 ,!Y BR\<T =W>D RESOLUTIONS TO ! EFFECT ?AT ! M9ES & ALL NECESS>IES = PRODUCTION1 AS WELL AS ! DWELL+-H\SES1 \<T TO BE [N$ BY ! NATION2 & !SE RESOLUTIONS W]E C>RI$ ) 5?USIASM1 TO ! HORROR ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES4 

,! FEEL+ AMONG ! WORK]S WAS GR[+ EV]Y DAY AGA9/ ! OPPORTUNI/ T[N C\NCILORS & POLITICAL LEAD]S1 AS ALSO AGA9/ ! PRESS1 :I* MADE LI<T ( A V]Y ACUTE CRISIS1 :ILE NO?+ WAS UND]TAK5 TO RELIEVE ! WIDESPREAD MIS]Y4 ,AS IS USUAL AT SU* TIMES1 ! FURY ( ! POOR] PEOPLE TURN$ ESPECIALLY AGA9/ ! PLACES ( AMUSEM5T & DEBAU*1 :I* BECOME ONLY ! MORE CONSPICU\S 9 TIMES ( DESOLATION & MIS]Y1 AS !Y IMP]SONATE = ! WORK] ! EGOTISM & DISSOLUT5ESS ( ! WEAL?I] CLASSES4 ,A PLACE P>TICUL>LY HAT$ BY ! WORK]S WAS ! UND]GR\ND CAFE AT ! ,!ATRE ,BELLEC\R1 :I* REMA9$ OP5 ALL NI<T1 & :]E1 9 ! SMALL H\RS ( ! MORN+1 ONE C\LD SEE NEWSPAP] M5 & POLITICIANS FEA/+ & DR9K+ 9 COMPANY ) GAY WOM54 ,NOT A MEET+ WAS HELD BUT SOME M5AC+ ALLUSION WAS MADE TO ?AT CAFE1 & ONE NI<T A DYNAMITE C>TRIDGE WAS EXPLOD$ 9 IT BY AN UNKN[N B&4 ,A WORK] :O WAS OCCASIONALLY !RE1 A SOCIALI/1 JUMP$ TO BL[ \T ! LI<T$ FUZE ( ! C>TRIDGE1 & WAS KILL$1 :ILE A FEW ( ! FEA/+ POLITICIANS W]E SLI<TLY W\ND$4 ,NEXT DAY A DYNAMITE C>TRIDGE WAS EXPLOD$ AT ! DOORS ( A RECRUIT+ BUREAU1 & IT WAS SAID ?AT ! AN>*I/S 9T5D$ TO BL[ UP ! HUGE /ATUE ( ! ,VIRG9 :I* /&S ON ONE ( ! HILLS ( ,LYONS4 ,ONE MU/ HAVE LIV$ AT ,LYONS OR 9 ITS NEI<BORHOOD TO REALIZE ! EXT5T TO :I* ! POPULATION & ! S*OOLS >E 2TILL 9 ! H&S ( ! ,CA?OLIE CL]GY1 & TO UND]/& ! HATR$ ?AT ! MALE PORTION ( ! POPULATION FEEL T[>D ! CL]GY4 

,A PANIC N[ SEIZ$ ! WEAL?I] CLASSES ( ,LYONS4 ,SOME SIXTY AN>*I/S - ALL WORK]S1 & ONLY ONE MIDDLE-CLASS MAN1 ,EMILE ,GAUTI]1 :O WAS ON A LECTUR+ T\R 9 ! REGION - W]E >RE/$4 ,! ,LYONS PAP]S UND]TOOK AT ! SAME TIME TO 9CITE ! GOV]NM5T TO >RE/ ME1 REPRES5T+ ME AS ! LEAD] ( ! AGITATION1 :O HAD COME ON PURPOSE FROM ,5GL& TO DIRECT ! MOVEM5T4 ,RUSSIAN SPIES BEGAN TO P>ADE AGA9 9 CONSPICU\S NUMB]S 9 \R SMALL T[N4 ,ALMO/ EV]Y DAY ,I RECEIV$ LETT]S1 EVID5TLY WRITT5 BY SPIES ( ! 9T]NATIONAL POLICE1 M5TION+ SOME DYNAMITE PLOT1 OR MY/]I\SLY ANN\NC+ ?AT CONSIGNM5TS ( DYNAMITE BAD BE5 %IPP$ TO ME4 ,I MADE QUITE A COLLECTION ( !SE LETT]S1 WRIT+ ON EA* ( !M 0,POLICE ,9T]NATIONALE1 0 & !Y W]E TAK5 AWAY BY ! ,FR5* POLICE :5 !Y MADE A SE>* 9 MY H\SE4 ,BUT !Y DID NOT D>E TO PRODUCE !SE LETT]S 9 C\RT1 NOR DID !Y EV] RE/ORE !M TO ME4 

,NOT ONLY WAS ! H\SE SE>*$1 BUT MY WIFE1 :O WAS GO+ TO ,G5EVA1 WAS >RE/$ AT ! /ATION 9 ,?ONON1 & SE>*$4 ,BUT ( C\RSE ABSOLUTELY NO?+ WAS F\ND COMPROMISE ME OR ANY ONE ELSE4 

,T5 DAYS PASS$1 DUR+ :I* ,I WAS QUITE FREE TO AWAY1 IF ,I WI%$ TO DO SO4 ,I RECEIV$ SEV]AL LETT]S ADVIS+ ME TO DISAPPE>1 -ONE ( !M FROM AN UNKN[N ,RUSSIAN FRI5D1 P]HAPS A MEMB] ( ! DIPLOMATIC /AFF1 :O SEEM$ TO HAVE KN[N ME1 & WROTE ?AT ,I MU/ LEAVE AT ONCE1 BECAUSE O!RWISE ,I %\LD BE ! FIR/ VICTIM ( ! EXTRADITION TREATY :I* WAS AB\T TO BE CONCLUD$ BETWE5 ,FRANCE & ,RUSSIA4 ,I REMA9$ :]E ,I WAS2 & :5 ! 0,TIMES0 9S]T$ A TELEGRAM SAY+ ?AT ,I BAD DISAPPE>$ FROM ,?ONON1 ,I WROTE A LETT] TO ! PAP]1 GIV+ MY ADDRESS4 ,S9CE SO MANY ( MY FRI5DS W]E >RE/$1 ,I BAD NO 9T5TION ( LEAV+4 

,9 ! NI<T ( ,DECEMB] #ba MY BRO!R-9-LAW DI$ 9 MY >MS4 ,WE KNEW ?AT HIS ILLNESS WAS 9CURABLE1 BUT IT IS T]RIBLE TO SEE A Y\NG LIFE EXT+UI%$ 9 Y\R PRES5CE AFT] A BRAVE /RUGGLE AGA9/ DEA?4 ,BO? MY WIFE & ,I W]E BROK5 D[N4 ,?REE OR F\R H\RS LAT]1 AS ! DULL W9T] MORN+ WAS DAWN+1 G5D>MES CAME TO MY H\SE TO >RE/ ME4 ,SEE+ 9 :AT A /ATE MY WIFE WAS1 ,I ASK$ P]MISSION TO REMA9 ) H] TILL ! BURIAL WAS OV]1 PROMIS+ UPON MY WORD ( HONOR TO BE AT ! PRISON DOOR AT A GIV5 H\R2 BUT IT WAS REFUS$1 & ! SAME NI<T ,I WAS TAK5 TO ,LYONS4 ,ELISEE ,RECLUS1 NOTIFI$ BY TELEGRAPH1 CAME AT ONCE1 BE/[+ ON MY WIFE ALL ! G5TL5ESS ( HIS GOLD5 HE>T2 FRI5DS CAME FROM ,G5EVA2 & AL?\< ! FUN]AL WAS ABSOLUTELY CIVIL1 :I* WAS A NOVELTY 9 ?AT LITTLE T[N1 HALF ( ! POPULATION WAS AT ! BURIAL1 TO %[ MY WIFE ?AT ! HE>TS ( ! POOR] CLASSES & ! SIMPLE ,SAVOY PEASANTS W]E ) US1 & NOT ) !IR RUL]S4 ,:5 MY TRIAL WAS GO+ ON1 ! PEASANTS US$ TO COME FROM ! M\NTA9 VILLAGES TO T[N TO GET ! PAP]S1 & TO SEE H[ MY AFFAIR /OOD BE=E ! C\RT4 

,ANO!R 9CID5T :I* PR(\NDLY T\*$ ME WAS ! >RIVAL AT ,LYONS ( AN ,5GLI% FRI5D4 ,HE CAME ON BEHALF ( A G5TLEMAN1 WELL-KN[N & E/EEM$ 9 ! ,5GLI% POLITICAL WORLD1 9 :OSE FAMILY ,I HAD SP5T MANY HAPPY H\RS AT ,LONDON1 9 #a#h#h#b4 ,HE WAS ! BE>] ( A CONSID]ABLE SUM ( MONEY = ! PURPOSE ( OBTA9+ MY RELEASE ON BAIL1 & HE TRANSMITT$ ME AT ! SAME TIME ! MESSAGE ( MY ,LONDON FRI5D ?AT ,I NE$ NOT C>E 9 ! LEA/ AB\T ! BAIL1 BUT MU/ LEAVE ,FRANCE IMM$IATELY4 ,9 SOME MY/]I\S WAY HE HAD MANAG$ TO SEE ME FREELY1 -NOT 9 ! D\BLE-GRAT$ IRON CAGE 9 :I* ,I WAS ALL[$ 9T]VIEWS ) MY WIFE1 -& HE WAS AS MU* AFFECT$ BY MY REFUSAL TO ACCEPT ! (F] AS ,I WAS BY ?AT T\*+ TOK5 ( FRI5D%IP ON ! P>T ( ONE :OM1 ) HIS EXCELL5T WIFE1 ,I HAD ALREADY LE>N$ TO E/EEM SO HI<LY4 

,! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T WANT$ TO HAVE ONE ( ?OSE GREAT TRIALS :I* PRODUCE AN IMPRESSION UPON ! POPULATION1 BUT !RE WAS NO POSSIBILITY ( PROSECUT+ ! >RE/$ AN>*I/S = ! EXPLOSIONS4 ,IT W\LD HAVE REQUIR$ BR++ US BE=E A JURY1 :I* 9 ALL PROBABILITY W\LD HAVE ACQUITT$ US4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 ! GOV]NM5T ADOPT$ ! ,MA*IAVELLIAN C\RSE ( PROSECUT+ US = HAV+ BELONG$ TO ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+M5'S ,ASSOCIATION4 ,!RE IS 9 ,FRANCE A LAW1 PASS$ IMM$IATELY AFT] ! FALL ( ! ,COMMUNE1 UND] :I* M5 CAN BE BR\<T BE4 =E A SIMPLE POLICE C\RT = HAV+ BELONG$ TO ?AT ASSOCIATION4 ,! MAXIMUM P5ALTY IS FIVE YE>S' IMPRISONM5T2 & A POLICE C\RT IS ALWAYS SURE TO PRON\NCE ! S5T5CES :I* >E WANT$ BY ! GOV]NM5T4 

,! TRIAL BEGAN AT ,LYONS 9 ! FIR/ DAYS ( ,JANU>Y1 #a#h#h#c1 & LA/$ AB\T A =TNI<T4 ,! ACCUSATION WAS RIDICUL\S1 AS EV]Y ONE KNEW ?AT NONE ( ! ,LYONS WORK]S HAD EV] JO9$ ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 & IT 5TIRELY FELL ?R\<1 AS MAY BE SE5 FROM ! FOLL[+ EPISODE4 ,! ONLY WITNESS = ! PROSECUTION WAS ! *IEF ( ! SECRET POLICE AT ,LYONS1 AN ELD]LY MAN1 :O WAS TREAT$ AT ! C\RT ) ! UTMO/ RESPECT4 ,HIS REPORT1 ,I MU/ SAY1 WAS QUITE CORRECT AS CONC]NS ! FACTS4 ,! AN>*I/S1 HE SAID1 BAD TAK5 HOLD ( ! POPULATION 2 !Y HAD R5D]$ OPPORTUNI/ MEET+S IMPOSSIBLE1 BECAUSE !Y SPOKE AT EA* MEET+1 PREA*+ COMMUNISM & AN>*ISM1 & C>RY+ ) !M ! AUDI5CES4 ,SEE+ ?AT SO F> HE HAD BE5 FAIR 9 HIS TE/IMONY1 ,I V5TUR$ TO ASK HIM A QUE/ION3 #aa ,DID Y\ EV] HE> ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+M5'S ,ASSOCIATION SPOK5 ( AT ,LYONS8 

0,NEV]10 HE REPLI$ SULKILY4 

 ,:5 ,I RETURN$ FROM ! ,LONDON CONGRESS ( #a#h#h#a1 & DID ALL ,I C\LD TO HAVE ! ,9T]NATIONAL RECON/ITUT$ 9 ,FRANCE1 DID ,I SUCCE$8 

 0,NO4 ,!Y DID NOT F9D IT REVOLUTION>Y 5\<40 

 0,?ANK Y\10 ,I SAID1 & TURN+ T[>D ! PROCUREUR ADD$1 0,!RE'S ALL Y\R PROSECUTION OV]?R[N BY Y\R [N WITNESS60 

,NEV]!LESS1 WE W]E ALL CONDEMN$ = HAV+ BELONG$ TO ! ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,F\R ( US GOT ! MAXIMUM S5T5CE1 FIVE YE>S' IMPRISONM5T & F\R HUNDR$ DOLL>S' F9E2 ! REMA9D] GOT FROM F\R YE>S TO ONE YE>4 ,9 FACT1 !Y NEV] TRI$ TO PROVE ANY?+ CONC]N+ ! ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,IT WAS QUITE =GOTT54 ,WE W]E SIMPLY ASK$ TO SPEAK AB\T AN>*ISM1 & SO WE DID4 ,NOT A WORD WAS SAID AB\T ! EXPLOSIONS2 & :5 ONE OR TWO ( ! ,LYONS COMRADES WANT$ TO CLE> ?IS PO9T1 !Y W]E BLUNTLY TOLD ?AT !Y W]E NOT PROSECUT$ = ?AT BUT = HAV+ BELONG$ TO ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 - TO :I* ,I ALONE4 BELONG$4 

,!RE IS ALWAYS SOME COMICAL 9CID5T 9 SU* TRIALS1 & ?IS TIME IT WAS SUPPLI$ BY A LETT] ( M9E4 ,!RE WAS NO?+ UPON :I* TO BASE ! ACCUSATION4 ,SCORES ( SE>*ES HAD BE5 MADE AT ! H\SES ( ,FR5* AN>*I/S1 BUT ONLY TWO LETT]S ( M9E HAD BE5 F\ND4 ,! PROSECUTION TRI$ TO MAKE ! BE/ ( !M4 ,ONE WAS WRITT5 TO A ,FR5* WORK] :5 HE WAS DESPOND5T4 ,I SPOKE TO HIM 9 MY LETT] AB\T ! GREAT TIMES WE W]E LIV+ 91 ! GREAT *ANGES COM+1 ! BIR? & SPREAD+ ( NEW IDEAS1 & SO ON4 ,! LETT] WAS NOT LONG1 & LITTLE CAPITAL WAS MADE \T ( IT BY ! PROCUREUR4 ,AS TO ! O!R LETT]1 IT WAS TWELVE PAGES LONG4 ,I HAD WRITT5 IT TO ANO!R ,FR5* FRI5D1 A Y\NG %OEMAK]4 ,HE E>N$ HIS LIV+ BY MAK+ %OES 9 HIS [N ROOM4 ,ON HIS LEFT SIDE HE US$ TO HAVE A SMALL IRON /OVE1 UPON :I* HE HIMSELF COOK$ HIS DAILY MEAL1 & UPON HIS RI<T A SMALL /OOL UPON :I* HE WROTE LONG LETT]S TO ! COMRADES1 )\T LEAV+ HIS %OEMAK]'S L[ B5*4 ,AFT] HE HAD MADE JU/ AS MANY PAIRS ( %OES AS W]E REQUIR$ TO COV] ! EXP5SES ( HIS EXTREMELY MODE/ LIV+1 & TO S5D A FEW FRANCS TO HIS OLD MO!R 9 ! C\NTRY1 HE W\LD SP5D LONG H\RS 9 WRIT+ LETT]S 9 :I* HE DEVELOP$ ! !ORETICAL PR9CIPLES ( AN>*ISM ) ADMIRABLE GOOD S5SE & 9TELLIG5CE4 ,HE IS N[ A WRIT] WELL KN[N 9 ,FRANCE & G5]ALLY RESPECT$ = ! 9TEGRITY ( HIS *>ACT]4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 AT ?AT TIME HE W\LD COV] EI<T OR TWELVE PAGES ( NOTE PAP] )\T ONE S+LE FULL /OP1 OR EV5 A COMMA4 ,I ONCE SAT D[N & WROTE A LONG LETT] 9 :I* ,I EXPLA9$ TO HIM H[ \R WRITT5 ?\<TS SUBDIVIDE 9TO S5T5CES1 CLAUSES1 & PHRASES1 EA* ( :I* %\LD 5D ) ITS APPROPRIATE P]IOD1 SEMICOLON1 OR COMMA1 & SO ON1 - 9 %ORT1 GAVE HIM A LITTLE LESSON 9 ! ELEM5TS ( PUNCTUATION4 ,I TOLD HIM H[ MU* IT W\LD IMPROVE HIS WRIT+S IF HE ADOPT$ ?IS SIMPLE PLAN4 

,?IS LETT] WAS READ BY ! PROSECUTOR BE=E ! C\RT & ELICIT$ FROM HIM MO/ PA!TIC COMM5TS4 0,Y\ HAVE HE>D1 G5TLEM51 ?IS LETT]0 -HE W5T ON1 ADDRESS+ ! ,C\RT4 0,Y\ HAVE LI/5$ TO IT4 ,!RE IS NO?+ P>TICUL> 9 IT AT FIR/ SI<T4 ,HE GIVES A LESSON 9 GRAMM> TO A WORK]4 4 4 4 ,BUT0 - & H]E HIS VOICE VIBRAT$ ) ACC5TS ( A DEEP EMOTION -- 0IT WAS NOT 9 ORD] TO HELP A POOR WORK] 9 GETT+ 9/RUCTION :I* HE1 [+ PROB ABLY TO LAZ9ESS1 FAIL$ TO GET AT S*OOL4 ,IT WAS NOT TO HELP HIM TO E>N AN HONE/ LIV+4 ,NO6 G5TLEM51 IT WAS WRITT5 9 ORD] TO 9SPIRE HIM ) HATR$ = \R GR& & BEAUTIFUL 9/ITUTIONS1 9 ORD] ONLY ! BETT] TO 9FUSE 9TO HIM ! V5OM ( AN>*ISM1 9 ORD] TO MAKE ( HIM ONLY A MORE T]RIBLE 5EMY ( SOCIETY4 ,CURS$ BE ! DAY :5 ,KROPOTK9 SET HIS FOOT UPON ! SOIL ( ,FRANCE60 

,WE C\LD NOT HELP LAU<+ LIKE BOYS ALL ! TIME BE WAS1 DELIV]+ ?AT SPEE*2 ! JUDGES />$ AT HIM AS IF TO TELL HIM ?AT BE WAS OV]DO+ HIS ROLE1 BUT BE SEEM$ NOT TO NOTICE ANY?+1 &1 C>RI$ BY HIS ELOQU5CE1 W5T ON SPEAK+ ) MORE & MORE !ATRICAL GE/URES & 9TONATIONS4 ,HE REALLY DID HIS BE/ TO OBTA9 HIS REW>D FROM ! ,RUSSIAN GOV]NM5T4 

,V]Y SOON AFT] ! CONDEMNATION ! PRESID+ MAGI/RATE WAS PROMOT$ TO ! MAGI/RACY ( AN ASSIZE C\RT4 ,AS TO ! PROCUREUR & ANO!R MAGI/RATE1 - ONE W\LD H>DLY BELIEVE IT1 -! ,RUSSIAN GOV]NM5T (F]$ !M ! ,RUSSIAN CROSS ( ,SA9TE-,ANNE1 & !Y W]E ALL[$ BY ! REPUBLIC TO ACCEPT IT6 ,! FAM\S ,RUSSIAN ALLIANCE1 ?US HAD ITS ORIG9 9 ! ,LYONS TRIAL4 

,?IS TRIAL -DUR+ :I* MO/ BRILLIANT AN>*I/ SPEE*ES1 REPORT$ BY ALL ! PAP]S1 W]E MADE BY SU* FIR/-RATE SPEAK]S AS ! WORK] ,B]N>D & ,EMILE ,GAUTI]1 & DUR+ :I* ALL ! ACCUS$ TOOK A V]Y FIRM ATTITUDE1 PREA*+ \R DOCTR9ES = A =TNI<T -HAD A P[]FUL 9FLU5CE 9 CLE>+ AWAY FALSE IDEAS AB\T AN>*ISM 9 ,FRANCE1 & SURELY CONTRIBUT$ TO SOME EXT5T TO ! REVIVAL ( SOCIALISM 9 O!R C\NTRIES4 ,AS TO ! CONDEMNATION1 IT WAS SO LITTLE JU/IFI$ BY ! PROCE$+S ?AT ! ,FR5* PRESS - ) ! EXCEPTION ( ! PAP]S DEVOT$ TO ! GOV]NM5T - OP5LY BLAM$ ! MAGI/RATES4 ,EV5 ! MOD]ATE 0,J\RNAL DES ,ECONOMI/ES0 F\ND FAULT ) ! V]DICT1 :I* 0NO?+ 9 ! PROCE$+S BE=E ! C\RT C\LD HAVE MADE ONE =ESEE40 ,! CONTE/ BETWE5 ! ACCUS]S & \RSELVES WAS WON BY US1 9 ! PUBLIC OP9ION4 ,IMM$IATELY A PROPOSITION ( AMNE/Y WAS BR\<T BE=E ! ,*AMB]1 & RECEIV$ AB\T A HUNDR$ VOTES 9 SUPPORT ( IT4 ,IT CAME UP REGUL>LY EV]Y YE>1 EA* TIME SECUR+ MORE & MORE VOICES1 UNTIL WE W]E RELEAS$4 

7,S\RCE3 ,MEMOIRS ( A ,REVOLUTIONI/1 ,FIR/ ,$ITION1 ,H\<TON ,MIFFL9 ,COMPANY1 ,BO/ON & ,NEW ,YORK1 #a#h#i#i47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahih 3 ,P>T #f3 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE1 ,SECTION #ab -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#a1 #bag 3 ,P>T #f3 ,WE/]N ,EUROPE1 ,SECTION #ab -- ,ADD$4 

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