,EXPLANATIONS ,PRES5T$ TO ! ,PUBLIC ,M9I/] ON ! ,RI<T ( ,PROP]TY 

#ahdb 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PI]RE-,JOSEPH ,PR\DHON 

,TEXT 3 

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7,SESSION ( ,FEBRU>Y #c1 #a#h#d#b47 

,LA/ ,FEBRU>Y #c1 !RE APPE>$ BE=E ! JURY ( ,BESANCON1 ! AU?OR ( A BRO*URE 5TITL$ ,W>N+ TO ! ,PROPRIETORS1 OR ,LETT] TO ,M4 ,CONSID]ANT1 $ITOR ( LA ,PHALANGE1 ON A DEF5SE ( PROP]TY1 ON ! *>GE3 #a7 ( ATTACK+ PROP]TY2 #b7 ( PROVOK+ V>I\S CLASSES ( CITIZ5S TO HATR$2 #c7 ( 9CIT+ HATR$ & CONTEMPT ( ! GOV]NM5T & K+2 #d7 ( (F5SE AGA9/ ! CA?OLIC RELIGION4 

,IT IS NOT \R 9T5TION TO GIVE A DETAIL$ RELATION ( ?AT TRIAL1 :I* HAD 9 COMMON ) SO MANY O!RS ( ! SAME TYPE ONLY ! =M ( ! PROCE$+S & ! JURISDICTION4 ,! PUBLIC M9I/] 9VOK$ ! WRITT5 LAW1 ! ACCUS$ SPOKE 9 ! NAME ( A SCI5CE1 &1 BY ! =M & CONT5T ( HIS RESPONSES1 SEEM$ LESS TO AWAIT A V]DICT ( ACQUITTAL ?AN A DECL>ATION ( ! C\RT'S 9COMPET5CE4 ,?US1 LET NO ONE ACCUSE US ( UNFAI?FULNESS1 IF WE LIMIT \R ACC\NT TO ?AT PURELY EXPLANATORY P>T ( ! DEF5SE :I* WAS 9T5D$ BY ! ACCUS$ AS A SORT ( PROGRAM ( HIS RESE>*ES ON POLITICAL & 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION1 & ! CON/ITUTION ( EQUALITY4 

,! ADVOCATE G5]AL1 ,M4 ,JOB>D1 DEF5D$ ! *>GES ) ALL ) ALL ! SKILL ( A CONSUMMATE JURI/1 BUT WAS OBLIG$ TO LIMIT HIMSELF TO ! TEXT ( ! LAW4 ,AFT] HIM1 ! ACCUS$ READ A WRITT5 DEF5SE1 FROM :I* WE EXTRACT ! FOLL[+ PASSAGES3 

,I HAVE ONLY WRITT5 ONE ?+ 9 MY LIFE1 G5TLEM5 JURORS1 & ,I WILL TELL Y\ ?AT ?+ RI<T AWAY1 SO !RE IS NO QUE/ION3 ,PROP]TY IS ROBB]Y4 ,& DO Y\ KN[ :AT ,I HAVE CONCLUD$ FROM ?AT8 ,9 ORD] TO ABOLI% ?AT SPECIES ( ROBB]Y1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO UNIV]SALIZE IT4 ,I AM1 Y\ SEE1 G5TLEM51 AS CONS]VATIVE AS Y\2 & :OEV] W\LD TELL Y\ ! CONTR>Y1 W\LD PROVE BY ?AT ALONE ?AT !Y HAVE UND]/OOD NO?+ ( MY BOOKS1 &1 ,I W\LD SAY1 NO?+ ( ! ?+S ( ?IS WORLD4 

,IT IS UP TO ! LEGISLATOR1 ACCORD+ TO ,JU/9IAN1 TO 9T]PRET ! LAW2 IT IS ALSO UP TO ! WRIT] TO EXPLA9 HIS WRIT+S4 ,N[1 AL?\< ,I DO NOT WI% TO MAKE MY DEF5SE A LESSON 9 POLITICAL ECONOMY1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO MY JU/IFICATION ?AT ,I EXPLA9 H[ ?AT UNIV]SALIZATION ( PROP]TY %\LD BE UND]/OOD3 ?AT WILL BE ! BE/ RESPONSE TO ! *>GES ( ! ADVOCATE G5]AL4 ,= IF ,I PROVE ?AT 9 ORD] TO R5D] PROP]TIES EQUAL1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO PRES]VE ! EXI/+ RI<TS1 IT FOLL[S ?AT ! ?\<T ( EXPROPRIATION W\LD BE A CONTRADICTION 9 MY [N DOCTR9E &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 ?AT IT IS LOGICALLY IMPOSSIBLE ?AT ,I C\LD BE GUILTY ( ! ACT ( :I* ,I AM ACCUS$1 & :I* IS IMPUT$ TO ME ONLY BECAUSE ! IDEA ( DISPOSSESSION1 :I* ,I REJECT1 HAS BE5 CONFUS$ ) ?AT ( ! ABOLITION ( ! DOMA9 ( PROP]TY1 :I* ,I PROCLAIM4 

,LET US SPEAK ( LABOR4 ,LABOR1 G5TLEM51 IS1 AFT] ,GOD & RELIGION1 D\BTLESS :AT Y\ LOVE & E/EEM MO/1 & :AT Y\ RECOMM5D EV]Y DAY TO Y\R *ILDR54 ,IT IS ?\< LABOR ?AT Y\ HAVE BECOME :AT Y\ >E2 & :OEV] W\LD TRY TO PROVE TO Y\--TO Y\ :O HAVE LABOR$ ALL Y\R LIFE1 :O HAVE 9H]IT$ LEGITIMATELY FROM Y\R FA!RS1 :O FEEL Y\ HAVE CLEAN H&S & PURE CONSCI5CE--:OEV] W\LD TRY1 ,I SAY1 TO PROVE TO Y\ ?AT Y\R POSSESSION C\LD BE1 )\T Y\R KN[L$GE1 VICI\S & F\ND$ ON AN ILLEGITIMATE TITLE1 W\LD NOT BE HE>D4 ,Y\ W\LD DISMISS HIM AS A SOPHI/4 

,?US1 LET US LEAVE ! METAPHYSICS ( RI<T2 IT IS NOT )9 ! COMPET5CE ( ! C\RT ( ASSIZE4 

,= Y\1 G5TLEM5 JURORS1 NO?+ IS MORE JU/LY ACQUIR$ ?AN ?AT :I* Y\ HAVE GA9$ BY ! SWEAT ( Y\R BR[2 NO?+ IS MORE =MALLY CONDEMN$ BY ! CATE*ISM ?AN HOLD+ BACK ! WAGES ( ! WORK]S4 

,RELIGION HAS MADE ?AT CRIME ONE ( ! F\R S9S :I* CRY TO ! HEAV5S = V5GEANCE4 ,?AT POSIT$1 ,I ASK$ MYSELF ONE DAY H[ MANY WAYS ONE CAN RETA9 ! WAGES ( ! WORK]2 & ?AT EXAM9ATION %[$ ME SOME V]Y CURI\S ?+S--?+S ?AT Y\1 G5TLEM51 DO NOT SUSPECT4 

,IF A LABOR] MADE ?REE FRANCS WOR? ( PRODUCTS 9 A DAY1 HE IS RI<T TO ASK ?REE FRANCS = IT4 ,ALL D$UCTION IS A CRIME :I* CRIES V5GEANCE1 & DO NOT =GET IT4 ,N[1 ! WORLD IS FULL ( PEOPLE FROM :OSE DAILY WAGE A QU>T]1 A ?IRD1 OR A HALF IS RETA9$ EV]Y DAY1 & ?AT )\T ! ,CODE ,NAPOLEON1 :I* C]TA9 PEOPLE ADMIRE AS ! EQUAL ( ! ,DECALOGUE1 EV5 ANTICIPAT+ ! CASE4 

,A PAIR ( %OES IS WOR?1 ,I SUPPOSE1 FIVE FRANCS4 ,E/IMAT+ AT TWO FRANCS & FIFTY C5TIMES ! SUPPLIES :I* 5T] 9TO ! FABRICATION ( A PAIR ( %OES1 ! RE/ MAKES UP ! WAGE ( ! WORK]1 ! PRICE ( HIS DAY ( LABOR4 ,& ALL[+ ?AT ! WORK] IS FREE1 ?AT HE RECEIVES HIS WAGE 5TIRELY1 & ?AT EV]Y DAY HE MAKES A PAIR ( %OES1 WE W\LD SAY ( HIS ?AT HE GA9S TWO FRANCS & FIFTY C5TIMES P] DAY4 ,BUT IT FREQU5TLY OCCURS ?AT A WORK] IS NOT KN[N 9 ! BUS9ESS1 OR ELSE ?AT HE LACKS ! MEANS TO =M AN E/ABLI%M5T2 BESIDES1 IT IS ) A CLI5TELE AS ) A PIECE ( L&2 IT IS ATTA*$ TO 9DIVIDUALS1 TRANSMITT$ FROM FA!R TO SON1 & NOT OBTA9$ BY JU/ ANYONE4 ,! PUBLIC HAS ITS HABITS4 ,IT GIVES ITSELF TO A B\TIQUE1 TO A SIGN2 NO?+ IS MORE CAPRICI\S ?AN ITS FAVOR4 ,9 ?IS CASE1 ! WORK] :O IS )\T WORK (F]S HIS S]VICES TO ANO!R WORK] :O IS E/ABLI%$1 & :O IS CALL$ B\RGEOIS4 

,LIKE ! O!R WORK]1 ! B\RGEOIS SELLS HIS %OES = FIVE FRANCS4 ,!RE IS COMPETITION ON ONE SIDE1 :I* PREV5TS ! 9DEF9ITE 9CREASE ( ! PRICE ( M]*&ISE2 FROM ! O!R1 ! VALUE ( SUPPLIES & ! NECESSITY TO LIVE1 :I* PREV5TS ! L[]+ ( PRICES BEL[ A C]TA9 LEVEL4 ,IF !N1 ! B\RGEOIS HAS WORK1 IT IS PROBABLE ?AT HE WILL MAKE HIS FELL[ LABOR1 BUT ON ! CONDITION ?AT ?AT FELL[ R5\NCES A P>T ( HIS WAGE1 = IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT ! MA/] GA9 FROM ! WORK]4 ,& SO ! WORK] WILL NOT RECEIVE ALL ?AT IS COM+ TO HIM1 EV]Y DAY HE WILL SEE ) HIS [N EYES HIS PRODUCT SELL+ AT A PRICE HI<] ?AN HE HAS RECEIV$1 & ALL ?IS )\T ANY RI<T TO RECLAIM ! D$UCTION4 

,SOON1 G5TLEM5 JURORS1 ,I WILL %[ ?AT ?IS B\RGEOIS1 ON :OM Y\ P]HAPS BELIEVE ?AT ,I CALL ALL ! FURY ( ! POPULACE1 IS 9 G5]AL A V]Y HONE/ MAN1 :O CANNOT DO O!RWISE1 & :O IS (T5 MORE TO BE PITI$ ?AN ! ONE ?AT HE DESPOILS4 

,BUT LET US SEE :AT RESULTS FROM ! D$UCTION MADE FROM ! DAILY LABOR ( ! WORK]S4 

,:5 Y\ BUY A PAIR ( %OES1 Y\ BUY ! DAY ( A %OEMAK]4 ,:5 A COBBL] BUY %OES1 HE BUYS BACK HIS [N DAY4 ,?US IF HIS DAY IS WOR? FIFTY S\S ON ! M>KET1 & HE GA9S ONLY =TY AT ! WORK%OP1 H[ DO Y\ WANT HIM TO PAY HIS [N GOODS8 ,9 ?AT CASE1 Y\ SAY1 HE MU/ MAKE HIS %OES HIMSELF4 ,HE WILL HAVE !M AT CO/ PRICE1 & ESCAPE ! D$UCTION4 

,! OBS]VATION IS FAIR1 BUT WE >E NOT F9I%$4 ,! %OEMAK] CANNOT PROCURE BY HIMSELF ALL ! ?+S HE NE$S1 S9CE HE HAS ONLY ONE PR(ESSION2 IT IS NECESS>Y1 9 ORD] TO SURVIVE1 ?AT HE BUY1 BY TURNS1 ! DAY ( A TAILOR1 ! DAY ( A BAK]1 ! DAY ( A V9TN]1 ETC4 ,& AS HE CAN BUY ALL !SE DAYS ONLY BY (F]+ HIS [N 9 RETURN2 AS ON ! O!R H&1 ASSUM+ EQUAL PAY = ALL ! TRADES1 & ALSO AN EQUAL D$UCTION1 ! PRICE ( ALL !SE DAYS SURPASSES :AT ! PUR*AS] CAN (F] = !M4 ,IT FOLL[S ?AT A WORK] :O NE$S TO BUY ?REE HUNDR$ SIXTY-FIVE DAYS ( O!RS' LABOR1 AT ?REE FRANCS1 9 ORD] TO LIVE1 & :O RECEIVES ONLY TWO FRANCS & FIFTY C5TIMES P] DAY1 F9DS HIMSELF AT ! 5D ( ! YE> DAMAG$ A SUM ( ONE HUNDR$ EI<TY-TWO FRANCS & FIFTY C5TIMES ACCORD+ TO ,B>REME4 

,Y\ WILL P]HAPS SAY ?AT WAGES NOT BE+ EV]Y:]E ! SAME ! WORK] AT TWO FRANCS FIFTY C5TIMES MAKES UP = ! WORK] AT TWO FRANCS & BEL[4 ,BUT1 G5TLEM5 JURORS1 IT IS PRECISELY ?AT :I* MAKES ! 9EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS2 IT BECAUSE ( ?IS ?AT !RE >E POOR /ATES1 AS ONE SAYS1 AL?\< ! ANCI5T WISDOM HAD DECL>$ ?AT !RE W]E NO FOOLI% TRADES1 BUT ONLY FOOLI% PEOPLE4 ,SOCIETY IS LIKE A PYRAMID3 ! L[] C\RSES SUPPORT ! UPP]1 & S9K UND] ! WEI<T4 ,9 ADDITION1 IT SUFFICES = A RULE ( PROPORTION 9 ORD] TO F9D ! MEAN ( ! D$UCTIONS1 & CONSEQU5TLY ! >I?METIC REASON = ! IMPOV]I%M5T ( C]TA9 CLASSES ( LABOR]S4 ,?AT IS CALCULAT$ EXACTLY LIKE ! TABLES ( MORTALITY4 

,& ?AT IS :AT EXPLA9S TO US ! HOPELESS PR(UNDITY ( ! POPUL> PROV]B3 ,! COBBL]S >E ALWAYS ! MO/ POORLY %OD2 ?AT IS ALSO :Y ! MASONS F9D !MSELVES ! MO/ POORLY H\S$1 :Y ! V9TN]S (T5 DR9K ONLY WAT]1 & R>ELY ( ! BE/ SORT2 :Y ! BAK]S CRY FAM9E 9 ! V]Y HE>T ( ABUNDANCE4 ,IT IS BECAUSE !RE >E SOME B\RGEOIS1 SOME MA/]S1 PLAC$ OV] ! WORK]S1 :O MAKE A D$UCTION FROM !IR WAGES1 BECAUSE !Y >E !MSELVES ROBB$ BY O!RS1 UNTIL F9ALLY WE COME TO A PRIVILEG$ FEW :O1 RAIS$ ABOVE ALL ! O!RS1 PR(IT FROM ALL ! D$UCTIONS1 BUT DO NOT SUFF] ANY1 = ! EXCELL5T REASON ?AT !Y WORK = NO ONE4 

,N[1 G5TLEM5 JURORS1 POLITICAL ECONOMY1 A SCI5CE ( REC5T DATE1 BUT :I* ALREADY PROMISES M>VELS1 GIVES ! MEANS ( ESCAP+ ?AT IMPASSE1 )\T H>M+ ANYONE'S LIFE/YLE1 )\T DETRACT+ FROM ANY 9T]E/1 )\T TAK+ ANY?+ FROM ! RI*1 )\T ASK+ ANY?+ ( !M BUT ! P]MISSION TO WORK MORE & BETT] ?AN ONE HAS DONE UP TO ?IS DAY4 

,LIKE GEOMETRY1 POLITICAL ECONOMY HAS ITS AXIOMS1 ITS DEF9ITIONS1 ITS LAWS & ITS =MULAS2 LIKE GEOMETRY IT PROCE$S ME?ODICALLY FROM ! KN[N TO ! UNKN[N1 & />T+ FROM ! MO/ TRIVIAL TRU?S1 IT RAISES ITSELF TO ! 9TELLIG5CE ( DIV9E & HUMAN LAWS4 

,:AT SAY ! GEOMET]S8 

,! /RAI<T L9E IS ! %ORTE/ R\TE BETWE5 ONE PO9T & ANO!R4 

,ALL ! RADII ( ! CIRCLE >E EQUAL4 

,EV]Y /RAI<T L9E :I* FALLS ON ANO!R /RAI<T L9E1 =MS ) IT TWO ADJAC5T ANGLES1 :I* >E EQUIVAL5T TO TWO RI<T ANGLES4 

,IT IS ) ?IS ?AT ! GEOMET]S MEASURE ! CIRCUMF]5CE ( ! GLOBE & ! HEI<T ( M\NTA9S1 CALCULATE ! C\RSE ( ! CELE/IAL BODIES1 PR$ICT ECLIPSES1 WEI< ! MOON & PLANETS1 & F9D ! DI/ANCE & DIAMET] ( ! SUN4 

,! ECONOMI/S1 9 ANO!R ORD] ( IDEAS1 PROCE$ 9 ABSOLUTELY ! SAME WAY4 ,H]E >E :AT PR9CIPLES !Y RELY ON4 

,MAN PRODUCES NO?+ EXCEPT BY LABOR4 

,WAGES MU/ BE EQUAL TO PRODUCT4 

,! PRODUCTIVE =CE ( LABOR IS 9 DIRECT RELATION TO ITS DIVISION4 

,) ! AIDE ( !SE SIMPLE PR9CIPLES1 & ( SOME O!RS :I* FOLL[ FROM !M1 ! ECONOMI/S PROPOSE TO ABOLI% ROBB]Y & PROP]TY )\T DISPOSSESS+ ANYONE4 ,TO ORGANIZE LABOR1 TO EXPLA9 ! CAUSES & ! ACCID5TS ( REVOLUTIONS4 ,TO PLUMB ! SECRETS ( ,GOD & TO CALCULATE ! FUTURE4 ,& !Y WILL COME TO ! 5D ( IT1 DO NOT D\BT IT1 G5TLEM5 ( ! JURY1 = EV]Y QUE/ION ?AT ! HUMAN M9D CAN ADDRESS1 IT CAN ALSO RESOLVE4 

,ACCORD+ TO ?IS NEW SPECIES ( LEVEL]S1 ( :I* ,I C\NT MYSELF A MEMB]1 :O H>DLY RESEMBLE ?OSE :O T]RIFI$ ,FRANCE FIFTY YE>S AGO1 ACCORD+ TO !SE RE=MI/S :O >E SO SL&]$ & SO LITTLE UND]/OOD1 IT IS ABSURD TO GIVE SIX ?\S& FRANCS TO A RECTOR & FIFTE5 HUNDR$ FRANCS TO A JUDGE1 & WE KN[ :Y2 ACCORD+ TO !M1 PROP]TY IS A MONOPOLY ! TEMPOR>Y EXI/5CE ( :I* 5T]$ 9TO ! VIEWS ( ,PROVID5CE1 & WE EXPLA9 :AT ?OSE VIEWS HAVE BE54 ,BUT ALSO1 ACCORD+ TO !M1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO ALWAYS 9CREASE ! 9COME ( ! PROPRIETORS1 9 ORD] TO MAKE POSSIBLE ! EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS4 ,I WILL1 G5TLEM5 ( ! JURY1 GIVE Y\ AN IDEA ( !IR !ORIES 9 ?IS REG>D1 !ORIES ?AT ! GOV]NM5T1 :I* WILL SOON BE AS EGALIT>IAN AS ,I AM1 HAS ALREADY BEGUN TO PUT 9TO PRACTICE4 

,LET US SPEAK ( F9ANCE4 

,WE CALL A R5TI] EV]Y CAPITALI/ :O LOANS TO ! ,/ATE1 9 P]PETUITY1 A SUM ( MONEY1 AT #c1 #d1 OR #e P]C5T 9T]E/4 ,N[1 ! SMALLE/ SUM ! ,/ATE ACCEPTS 9 LOAN BE+1 ,I BELIEVE1 #a FRANCS1 & ! %>E ( ! LOAN LIMIT+ TO A SMALL NUMB] ( P]SONS ! ADVANTAGE ( ! R5T1 IT FOLL[S ?AT ! CON/ITUTION ( ?AT R5T1 ALWAYS MU* S\<T AFT]1 CREATES A TRUE PRIVILEGE4 ,?AT CREATION DATES FROM ! ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION4 

,BUT ALL ! ,FR5*1 ACCORD+ TO ! ,*>T]1 >E EQUAL BE=E ! LAW2 AS A CONSEQU5CE1 ! GOV]NM5T1 NOT BE+ ABLE TO ABOLI% ! PRIVILEGE ( ! R5T1 HAS OCCUPI$ ITSELF 9 REC5T YE>S ) MAK+ ALL ! ,FR5* PRIVILEG$ ON ! SAME BASIS1 BUT H[ MU* BETT] IT IS TO 9T]E/ !M 9 ORD] & PUBLIC PEACE4 ,H5CE ! SAV+S BANKS1 :]E ONE RECEIVES FROM #a FRANC UP TO #b1 & :]E 9T]E/ IS PAID FROM #b UP TO #d P]C5T4 

,N[1 G5TLEM5 ( ! JURY1 LET ! WORK] :O DOES NOT RECEIVE FROM HIS B\RGEOIS ALL ! WAGES FROM HIS LABOR1 COME 9 ! 5D1 BY D9T ( ECONOMIES1 TO CREATE A LITTLE 9COME1 & Y\ WILL UND]/&1 ON ! ONE H&1 ?AT ?IS 9COME WILL =M ! SUPPLEM5T ( ! WAGES ?AT HE WAS EXPECT+ TO GA91 & ?AT HE HAD NOT RECEIV$ COMPLETELY2 ON ! O!R H&1 ?AT ?IS R5T PAID BY ! ,/ATE TO ! ?RIFTY WORK]S BE+ TAK5 FROM ! REV5UES ( ! ,/ATE1 & !SE REV5UES BE+ D$UCT$ 9 ! =M ( A TAX ON ! PROPRIETORS1 ! ,/ATE W\LD HAVE TO MAKE A P>T ( ! REV5UES PASS FROM ! LATT] 9TO ! POCKETS ( ! =M]1 AN OP]ATION :I*1 9 ! LONG RUN & ) A BIT ( CONSI/5CY1 W\LD LEAD TO ! EQUALITY ( ALL ! REV5UES4 

,?US ! :OLE SECRET CONSI/S 9 MAK+ ! D$UCTION TAKE PLACE 9 A CIRCUL> MANN] FROM ! ONE TO ! O!RS & COME BACK TO ITS PO9T ( DEP>TURE1 ?AT IS TO SAY ?AT ! CITIZ5S ALL WORK = ONE ANO!R1 &1 BY TURNS ROBB$ & REIMBURS$1 RECEIVE A PR(IT EQUAL TO ! LOSS !Y SUFF]4 ,AT FIR/ GLANCE1 IT SEEMS MU* SIMPL] ?AT EA* WAGE BE EQUAL TO EA* 9DIVIDUAL PRODUCT2 BUT ?+S C\LD NOT HAPP5 9 ?IS WAY AT FIR/1 & ! ORGANIC REASON = ?IS ROTATION ( PR(IT1 IF ,I D>E PUT IT ?AT WAY1 IS P]HAPS ! MO/ ADMIRABLE SECRET ( POLITICAL ECONOMY4 

,?US1 PR(IT1 9T]E/1 ! RI<T ( 9CREASE1 PROP]TY OR SUZ]A9TY1 IS A USURPATION1 A !FT1 AS ,DID]OT SAID1 MORE ?AN A C5TURY AGO1 & YET SOCIETY C\LD LIVE ONLY ) ! AID ( ?AT !FT1 :I* WILL NO LONG] BE ONE1 AS SOON AS BY ! IRRESI/IBLE =CE ( 9/ITUTIONS IT WILL BECOME G5]AL1 & :I* WILL CEASE COMPLETELY :5 AN 9TEGRAL $UCATION HAS R5D]$ ALL ! CITIZ5S EQUAL 9 M]IT & 9 DIGNITY4 

,9 ORD] NOT TO PROLONG ?IS AUDI5CE1 ,I WILL SP>E Y\1 G5TLEM5 ( ! JURY1 SOME DETAIL$ MEANS & PROCESSES BY ! AID ( :I* ! EGALIT>IAN ECONOMI/S PROPOSE TO ACCEL]ATE ! REALIZATION ( ?AT FUTURE4 ,NO?+ IS MORE CURI\S ?AN TO SEE !M TRANS=M BY CIRCULAT+ MONEY H\SES1 L&S1 FURNITURE & EV5 TOOLS2 TO CON/ANTLY 9CREASE EV]YONE'S 9COME1 BY DECREAS+ ! FATIGUES ( LABOR1 & GRADUALLY 5RI*+ ! WORK]S1 BY MAK+ GREAT] & GREAT] D$UCTIONS FROM !IR WAGES4 

,?OSE >E SOME TRADE SECRETS ?AT ,I DO NOT HAVE TO TEA* Y\4 

,Y\ SEE1 G5TLEM51 :Y ! TRUE EGALIT>IAN IS NECESS>ILY A CONS]VATIVE2 IT REMA9S = ME TO %[ Y\ H[ ! ADV]S>IES ( PROP]TY >E NECESS>ILY FRI5DS ( ORD] & GOV]NM5T4 

,! ,CODE ,CIVIL1 >TICLE #e#e#f1 /ATES3 

0,! DEPOSITS & 9CREASES :I* =M SUCCESSIVELY & IMP]CEPTIBLY ON ! BANKS ( A RIV] OR A /REAM >E CALL$ ALLUVIUM4 ,ALLUVIUM PR(ITS ! RIP>IAN PROPRIETORS4 

,>T4 #e#e#g4 0,IT IS ! SAME ) ! RELAYS =M$ BY ! CURR5T1 :I* 9S5SIBLY REMOVE MAT]IAL FROM ONE ( ITS BANKS & C>RY IT TO ! O!R3 ! PROPRIETOR ( ! 9CREAS+ BANK PR(ITS FROM ! ALLUVIUM1 )\T ! RESID5T ON ! OPPOSITE SIDE BE+ ABLE TO COME TO DEM& ! L& ?AT HE HAS LO/4 

,>T4 #e#e#i4 0,IF A RIV] OR A /REAM1 NAVIGABLE OR NOT1 C>RIES AWAY BY SUDD5 VIOL5CE A CONSID]ABLE & ID5TIFIABLE P>T ( A FIELD ON ITS BANKS1 & BE>S IT TO A L[] FIELD1 OR ON ITS OPPOSITE BANK1 ! [N] ( ! P>T C>RI$ AWAY MAY RECLAIM HIS PROP]TY1 ETC40 

,IT IS USELESS TO ADD ?AT ON ?IS PO9T !RE EXI/ AS MANY CU/OMS AS C\NTRIES1 AS MANY OP9IONS AS DOCTORS2 ?IS MU* JURISPRUD5CE HAS KN[N H[ TO WORK 9 MATT]S ( ECONOMY6 

,SU* IS ! SPIRIT ( ! ,CODE3 IF ! WAT] TAKES FROM ME A *UNK ( ! FIELD ?AT ,I POSSESS1 ,I CAN RECLAIM IT1 PROVID$ ?AT ,I MAKE MY DEM& )9 A YE>2 IF IT TAKES IT FROM ME GRA9 ( S& AFT] GRA9 ( S&1 !N ,I LOSE MY PROP]TY4 ,TOO BAD = ME IF MY FIELD IS F\ND TOO CLOSE TO ! /REAM3 ! LEGISLATOR WILL DO NO?+ = ME4 ,WE SEE ?AT ! SPIRIT ( CONQUE/ HAS PASS$ ?IS WAY4 

,! ECONOMI/1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 MA9TA9S ?AT ! PROP]TY MU/ BE RE/OR$2 HE DEMON/RATES1 BY A MA!MATICS ( HIS [N1 ?AT ALL ! RIP>IAN PROPRIETORS >E CONNECT$ ) ONE ANO!R2 ?AT NONE ( !M CAN EV] BE DISPOSSESS$2 ?AT ALL >E RESPONSIBLE = ! PROP]TY ( EA*1 & EA* 9T]E/$ 9 ! PROP]TY ( ALL2 ?AT IT FALLS TO ! MUNICIPAL AU?ORITIES 5SURE ! MA9T5ANCE ( ! POSSESSIONS1 & TO !IR P]FECT DEVELOPM5T4 ,N[ :I* ( !SE TWO APPE>S ! BETT] FRI5D ( ORD] & SOCIETY1 G5TLEM5 ( ! JURY1 ! CONQU]+ LEGISLATOR OR ! EGALIT>IAN ECONOMI/8 

,! ECONOMI/ ALSO PROVES1 BY ANALOG\S PR9CIPLES1 ?AT ! WORK] )\T CLI5TELE IS LIKE ! PROPRIETOR DISPOSSESS$ BY A FLOOD2 ?AT ! HOMELESS PROLET>IAN FALLS UND] ! *>GE ( ?OSE H\S$2 ?AT IT IS AMONG ! DUTIES ( ! ADM9I/RATIVE AU?ORITIES TO SEE TO IT ?AT ! LABOR]S >E H\S$ ACCORD+ TO !IR NATURE & ! DEM&S ( !IR POSITION 9 LIFE2 ?AT A MAYOR1 A PREFECT1 CAN & %\LD 9 SOME CASES REQUIRE1 9 RETURN = R5T1 ! RI* CITIZ5 TO H\SE ! POOR ONE2 TO ORD] ! RE/ORATION ( A PROP]TY1 AT ! EXP5SE ( ! SELFI% PROPRIETOR :O HAS LET IT DEGRADE & BECOME UGLY1 AS WELL AS ! DEMOLITION ( A %ACK ?AT DISRUPTS ! ALIGNM5T ( A ROAD2 TO 5SURE F9ALLY ?AT EA* USES HIS GOODS AS PRESCRIB$ & = ! GREATE/ ADVANTAGE ( 9DU/RY1 >*ITECTURE1 COMM]CE1 MORALS & HYGI5E4 

,?AT IS :AT ! EGALIT>IAN ECONOMI/S CALL DISCIPL9+ POSSESSION1 OR1 9 O!R WORDS1 ABOLI%+ PROP]TY4 ,:AT IS SO FRI<T5+ AB\T ?AT ABOLITION8 

,BUT !Y ADD1 !SE ECONOMI/S1 ?AT TO SUCCE$ 9 ?AT 5T]PRISE1 IT IS NECESS>Y ABOVE ALL TO AB/A9 FROM DIVID+ GOODS & E/ABLI%+ AN AGR>IAN LAW2 IT IS NECESS>Y TO TEA*1 ) ! NATIONAL SPIRIT1 ! SPIRIT ( FAMILY1 & 9/EAD ( *ANG+ ! SY/EMS ( 9/ITUTIONS1 TO DEVELOP ALL ! 9/ITUTIONS4 

,! ECONOMI/S1 G5TLEM51 MAY BE WRONG1 & ,I D\BT ?AT Y\ WILL GIVE ! LEA/ BIT ( FAI? TO ! ?+S ?AT ,I ANN\NCE4 ,BUT 9 ! 5D1 !IR ]RORS >E AT LEA/ V]Y 9NOC5T1 S9CE 9/EAD ( T5D+ TO DE/ROY1 !Y T5D TO PRES]VE4 

,& :AT ,I SAY H]E IS NOT A SUBT]FUGE DEVIS$ TO SUPPORT MY CAUSE2 NOR IS IT A TACTIC ( OPPOSITION4 ,MI<T IT PLEASE ,GOD ?AT ! RADICALS HAD PURSU$ A SIMIL> TACTIC6 ,WE W\LD HAVE LONG S9CE 5D$ \R DISPUTES1 ! GOV]NM5T W\LD BE TRANQUIL1 & ! ROYALS W\LD BE SECURE4 ,:AT ,I HAVE JU/ SAID 9 MY DEF5SE1 = TWO YE>S ,I HAVE NOT CEAS$ TO REPEAT IT3 ,I WILL1 AMONG O!R PRO(S1 READ A LETT] ADDRESS$ BY MYSELF TO ! ,M9I/] ( ! ,9T]IOR1 A FEW DAYS BE=E ! SEIZURE ( ! WORK :I* IS REM&$ TO Y\4 ,Y\ WILL SEE H[1 AFT] HAV+ DE/ROY$ ! RI<T ( PROP]TY BY CRITIQUE1 ,I PROPOSE TO TRANS=M IT BY MEANS ( ORGANIC & 9DU/RIAL DEVELOPM5T1 & Y\ WILL ASK Y\RSELF IF ! AU?OR ( SU* A PROGRAM IS A DESPOIL] & AN>*I/4.<#a.> 

,TO ,M4 ,DU*ATEL1 ,M9I/] ( ! ,9T]IOR4 

0,IF WE WANT TO SP>E SOCIETY NEW UPHEAVALS1 WE MU/ %AKE UP JURISPRUD5CE2 WE MU/ RECON/ITUTE IT ) ! HELP ( A NEW ADM9I/RATIVE RI<T1 & BY IMBU+ IT ) ! ECONOMIC ELEM5T4 

0,SU* IS ! OP9ION TODAY ( ! MO/ LE>N$ JURI/S4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,ATTORNEY ,G5]AL ( ! ,C\RT ( ,CASSATION1 \R ,CIVIL ,CODE NE$S TO BE REWRITT5 FROM ONE 5D TO ! O!R4 ,WE CAN SAY AS MU* = ! O!R CODES1 & = ! ,*>T] ITSELF4 ,BUT1 9 ORD] TO ACCOMPLI% ?AT GREAT WORK1 WE MU/ ASSOCIATE ?REE P[]S1 UNTIL ?IS TIME LAM5TABLY 5EMIES1 CIVIL JURISPRUD5CE1 ! ADM9I/RATION1 & POLITICAL ECONOMY3 ?AT IS ! AIM ( ! MEMOIRS ?AT ,I HAVE PUBLI%$4 

0,PROP]TY1 BASIS ( \R SOCIAL ORD]1 IS ALSO1 BY ! TRANS=MATION ( ITS PR9CIPLE 9TO ?AT ( SOV]EIGNTY1 ! BASIS ( \R GOV]NM5T4 ,BUT :AT IS ?AT PROP]TY8 IT IS QUIRITAIRE PROP]TY1 JEAL\S1 9VASIVE & ANTISOCIAL PROP]TY2 PROP]TY :I* GIVES ALL TO ! CITIZ5 TO ! DETRIM5T ( ! ,/ATE1 :I* CONSECRATES 9DIVIDUAL MONOPOLY TO ! DETRIM5T ( ! G5]AL 9T]E/4 ,N[1 ?AT PROP]TY1 AS IT WAS E/ABLI%$ BY ,ROMAN LAW & PRES]V$ BY ! ,CODE ,NAPOLEON1 IS NO LONG] SUFFICI5T1 9 ITS ANCI5T =M & DET]M9ATION1 TO ! NE$S ( CIVILIZATION3 ALL P]SONS1 F9ALLY--PHILOSOPH]S1 JURI/S1 ECONOMI/S1 & M5 ( ,/ATE--& ALL DOCTR9ES--!ORIES AB\T C5TRALIZATION1 9DU/RIAL SOLID>ITY1 ! ORGANIZATION ( LABOR1 ! SY/EMATIZATION ( RI<TS1 MORTGAGE RE=M1 ! PROGRESSIVE ABOLITION ( COMM]CIAL DUTIES1 ! ALLOCATION ( TAXES1 ETC41 ETC4--CONSPIRE TO RE/RA91 MODIFY1 & TRANS=M ! ANCI5T RI<T ( PROP]TY4 

0,IT IS 9 CONSID]ATION ( ?AT MOVEM5T ( ! PUBLIC SPIRIT ?AT ,I D>$ TO DESCRIBE PROP]TY AS !FT1 EXPRESS+ 9 ?IS WAY A SORT ( ANTICIPATION ( FUTURE VIEWS1 & NOT 9T5D+ TO =MULATE AN ACCUSATION AGA9/ ! PROPRIETORS4 ,& ALL[ ME TO SAY1 ,MONSIEUR ,M9I/]1 ?AT ! NATION'S REPOSE1 ! /R5G? ( ITS P[]S1 ! GR&EUR ( ,FRANCE1 WILL ONLY DATE FROM ! DAY :5 ?AT PROPOSITION HAS BECOME AN >TICLE ( FAI? & PR9CIPLE ( GOV]NM5T4 

0,9 ! PA/1 VICTORIES & CONQUE/S W]E ! SOLE S\RCE ( ! LEGITIMACY ( ! SOV]EIGN2 ,VOLTAIRE1 H>DLY MORE ?AN A C5TURY AGO1 /ILL CELEBRAT$ ?AT B>B>\S RI<T4 ,TODAY ! K+ HOLDS HIS P[]S AS A RESULT ( ELECTIONS & ! LAW3 ?AT IS C]TA9LY PROGRESS1 BUT ! CON/ITUTIONAL MON>*Y IS NOT ! LA/ WORD ( ! POLITICAL CRE$1 NOR ! LA/ EXPRESSION ( SOV]EIGNTY4 ,AS = ! SOV]EIGNTY ( ! PEOPLE1 CON/ANTLY ALLEG$ BY ?OSE :O KN[ NO?+ MORE1 ,I REG>D IT SIMPLY AS AN AB/RACTION ( WORDS1 AN IDEOLOGICAL G5]ALITY1 BUT NOT AS A PR9CIPLE1 MU* LESS AS A =MULA4 

0,N[1 JU/ AS ! ROYALTY CON/ITUT$ BY ! ,*>T] IS A MIDDLE T]M BETWE5 DIV9E RI<T1 OR CONQUE/1 & ! IDEAL ( GOV]NM5T1 JU/ SO1 BETWE5 BRUTAL =CE & ASSOCIATION !RE IS1 9 RELATION TO CIVIL RI<T & POLITICAL ORD]1 A LEGAL 9T]M$I>Y ?AT ALL EXI/+ 9/ITUTIONS1 ALL T5D5CIES ( OP9ION1 & ALL ! ACTS ( ! GOV]NM5T WORK TO ELIM9ATE2 ?AT MIDDLE T]M BETWE5 B>B>ITY & CIVILIZATION IS PROP]TY4 

0,BUT1 ,MONSIEUR ,M9I/]1 IT IS ) !SE POLITICAL ELEM5TS AS ) SIMPLE BODIES3 COMB9$ 9 C]TA9 PROPORTIONS1 !Y PRODUCE *EMICAL COMP\NDS ) PROP]TIES TOTALLY DIFF]5T FROM ?OSE ( ! PR9CIPLE COMPON5TS4 ,?IRTY-?REE P>TS OXYG5 & SIXTY-SEV5 ( HYDROG5 GIVE WAT]1 A LIQUID BODY1 /IFL+1 & ANTI-PHLOGI/IC1 =M$ FROM ! COMB9ATION ( TWO GASES1 ! ONE BREA?ABLE BY ITSELF1 & ! O!R HI<LY COMBU/IBLE4 

0,?US1 9 ! POLITICAL ORD]1 ! 9/ITUTIONS *ANGE BY ! ADDITION ( NEW ELEM5TS4 ,SADLY1 SOCIETY IS NOT ALWAYS CONSCI\S ( ! METAMORPHOSIS ?AT HAPP5S TO IT4 ,H5CE1 !RE IS AN EXTRAORD9>Y EFF]VESC5CE1 & SOMETIMES DANG]\S RESI/ANCES 9 ! HE>T ( ! NATIONS4 ,IF ! NEW IDEA COMES FROM AN 9DIVIDUAL1 IT RAISES G5]AL DISAPPROVAL AGA9/ IT2 IF IT COMES FROM ! REIGN+ P[]S1 IT EXCITES ! TREMBL+ ( ! PEOPLE & LONG AGITATIONS AMONG ! MASSES4 ,! M9I/] HAS PROV5 IT QUITE REC5TLY 9 ! MATT] ( ! C5SUS4 

0,MIX$ ) PURE DEMOCRACY1 ! ABSOLUTE MON>*Y HAS PRODUC$1 ACCORD+ TO ! DIFF]5CES 9 ! DOSES1 ! V>IETIES ( CON/ITUTIONAL GOV]NM5T ?AT WE HAVE SE5 9 ,5GL& & ,FRANCE4 ,GRANT$ BY TURNS TO ! PR9CE OR ! NATION1 ! ELECTION ( A ,S5ATE1 A BODY >I/OCRATIC BY ITS NATURE1 GIVES EI!R A H\SE ( PE]S OR A H\SE ( DEPUTIES1 ASSEMBL$ SOV]EIGNS 9 :I* NO?+ OLIG>*IC OR FEUDAL WILL ANY LONG] BE F\ND4 ,SIMIL>LY1 9TRODUCE 9TO DIPLOMACY & ! P>LIAM5T>Y CABALS ! ELEM5TS & ME?ODS ( SCI5CE1 & Y\ WILL SOON >RIVE AT A SY/EM ( TRUE GOV]NM5T1 RID ( ALL ! W>S ( P>TIES1 & ALL ! 9TRIGUES ( ! OPPOSITION4 

0,PROP]TY1 ACCORD+ TO ,MR4 ,ROSSI1 IS A MONOPOLY1 BUT A NECESS>Y MONOPOLY4 ,N[1 ?IS IS ! GLOSS ?AT ,I HAVE MADE ON ?AT DEF9ITION ( ! LE>N$ AU?OR4 ,MIX ! G5]AL 9T]E/1 UP TO ! PO9T ( SATURATION1 9TO MONOPOLY PROP]TY1 & Y\ WILL HAVE A NEW PR9CIPLE1 ANALOG\S1 BUT NOT ID5TICAL1 TO ! RI<T ( POSSESSION & USE1 KN[N TO ! OLD JURI/S4 

0,! PH5OM5ON ( POLITICAL COMPOSITION IS PRECISELY ?AT :I* HAS PASS$ BE=E \R EYES & :I*1 /OPP$ BY V>I\S OB/ACLES1 CAUSES ALL ! ANXIETIES ( SOCIETY & ALL ! CONFUSIONS ( GOV]NM5T4 ,!RE1 MONSIEUR1 IS ! FACT ( SOCIAL PROGRESS ?AT ,I HAVE LABOR$ TO RECORD = EI<TE5 MON?S1 & ( :I* ,I HOPE TO DET]M9E ! LAWS & CALCULATE ! CONSEQU5CES4 ,SOCIETY ADVANCES1 )\T H>DLY S5S+ IT1 T[>D A POLITICAL ORGANIZATION ?AT IS ABSOLUTELY & DIV9ELY TRUE1 LEGITIMATE1 P]FECT1 & ET]NAL4 ,IT IS NO LONG] A QUE/ION H]E ( ONTOLOGICAL APHORISMS ON EQUALITY1 FRAT]NITY1 ! RI<TS ( MAN & ! CITIZ51 ! SOV]EIGNTY ( ! PEOPLE1 ETC4 ,! METAPHYSICS ( ! ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT & ,! ,SPIRIT ( ! ,LAWS IS WORN \T2 9 ! PLACE ( !SE HOLL[ !ORIES RISES A NEW SCI5CE1 EXACT & MA!MATICAL1 BE=E :I* ! UNC]TA9TIES ( J\RNALISM & ! TEMPE/S ( ! GALL]Y MU/ CEASE =EV]4 ,ALREADY ! PEOPLE BEG9 TO REASON & REFLECT4 ,N[1 :5 ! PEOPLE REFLECT & REASON1 WE NO LONG] NE$ TO FE> ?AT !Y WILL REVOLT4 ,= IT IS 9 ! NATURE ( SCI5CE TO /OP ! 5?USIASM ( ! M9D BY ! CONTEMPLATION ( ITS PROBLEMS & MY/]IES2 ! DIFFICULTIES %[ !MSELVES MORE =MIDABLE AS ! 9TELLECTUAL DEVELOPS1 ! IMAG9ATION DISCIPL9ES ITSELF TO ! EXT5T ?AT ! REASON IS 5LI<T5$1 & CONSEQU5TLY ! FUROR ( REVOLUTIONS FADES BE=E ! CONDITIONS ( RE=M4 

0,BUT :AT >E !SE CONDITIONS8 ,DO !Y EXI/ AP>T FROM ACTIVE SOCIETY & ! P[] ?AT DIRECTS IT8 ,MU/ WE1 F9ALLY1 DE/ROY 9 ORD] TO BUILD8 

0,H]E1 ,MONSIEUR ,M9I/]1 IS MY ?\<T 9 ?AT REG>D1 A ?\<T EXPRESS$ MORE & MORE 5]GETICALLY 9 ! S]IES ( MY PUBLICATIONS1 & :I* ,I AM AB\T TO DEMON/RATE BY ! DEEPE/ & MO/ C]TA9 PRO(S ?AT ECONOMIC SCI5CE CAN (F]4 

0,SOCIETY1 LIKE EV]Y ORGANIZ$ & LIV+ BE+1 DEVELOPS CONT9U\SLY1 )\T LEAPS OR JOLTS1 )\T 9T]RUPTION OR SUB/ITUTION4 ,9T]RUPTION1 ,I SAID SOME:]E1 = SOCIETY AS = M51 IS DEA?4 ,?US WE MU/ NOT ?9K TO REPLACE ! PRES5T GOV]NM5T & ! 9/ITUTIONS :I* S]VE AS ITS CORTEGE = O!RS2 BUT WE MU/ MAKE IT PRODUCE1 BY NATURAL MEANS1 ! GOV]NM5T & ! 9/ITUTIONS ?AT IT CONTA9S POT5TIALLY1 AS ! ANIMAL & PLANT >E CONTA9$ 9 ! G]M4 ,AFT] ?AT1 A REVOLUTION W\LD ONLY BE A GRIEV\S UPHEAVAL & A TIME ( SUFF]+ = SOCIETY1 ?AT ! PRUD5CE ( ! M5 ( /ATE MU/ SEEK TO =E/ALL4 

0,Y\ S5SE N[1 ,MONSIEUR ,M9I/]1 )\T ME NE$+ TO PRESS ! >GUM5T FUR!R ) A MAN AS P]CEPTIVE AS Y\1 H[ VA9 ALL !SE !ORIES ( EQUALITY1 ABOLITION ( PROP]TY1 COMMUNITY1 & PHALAN/]Y >E1 IF ! AU?ORS DO NOT PROVE ?AT ! RE=MS !Y PROPOSE & ! SY/EMS ( :I* !Y DEM& ! APPLICATION >ISE NECESS>ILY FROM ACCOMPLI%$ FACTS & EXI/+ 9/ITUTIONS2 &1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 H[ ADVANTAGE\S !Y >E TO SOCIETY IF ?AT CORRELATION IS TRUE4 ,F9ALLY1 Y\ MU/ SEE H[ EASY IT WILL BE TO TURN !M TO ! PR(IT ( ! GOV]NM5T1 IF1 TAK+ ! RADICALS AT !IR [N PR9CIPLES1 WE KNEW H[ TO MAKE ! =M ( GOV]NM5T UND] :I* !Y LIVE PRECI\S TO !M1 & LEAD !M TO =CEFULLY DECL>E !MSELVES CONS]VATIVES1--,I MEAN CONS]VATIVE 9 ! S5SE IMPLI$ BY PROGRESS4 ,9DE$1 BREAK ! EGG BE=E ! DAY FIX$ BY NATURE = ! HAT*+ ( ! ANIMAL1 & Y\ WILL OBTA9 ONLY A MISC>RIAGE2 KILL ! BIRD BE=E ! EGGS >E LAID1 & Y\ WILL HAVE NO CLUT*2 GIVE ! *ILD IDEAS & TA/ES :I* >E NOT = ITS AGE1 & Y\ WILL MAKE IT A DEPRAV$ SUBJECT4 ,?US EV]Y SOCIAL DOCTR9E :I* CANNOT PROVE ITS DIRECT & LEGITIMATE DESC5T FROM ! SY/EM 9 =CE1 IS BY ?AT FACT ALONE A FALSE DOCTR9E1 CONDEMN$ 9 ADVANCE2 EV]Y PREMATURE ATTEMPT AT RE=M IS AN ASSASS9ATION4 ,IT WAS ACCORD+ TO ?IS PR9CIPLE1 IMPLICITLY OR EXPLICITLY ACCEPT$ BY ALL RE=MI/S1 ?AT ,I PROPOSE TO DEVELOP ?IS !SIS SOON1 :I* SEEMS SO EM95TLY P>ADOXICAL TODAY3 ,! 9T]E/ ( ! PEOPLE1 LIKE ! DUTY ( EV]Y RADICAL WRIT]1 IS TO ATTA* !MSELVES TO ! *>T]1 &1 PROVISIONALLY1 TO ! GOV]NM5T ( ,JULY4 ,?AT WILL BE ONE ( ! MO/ CURI\S ELEM5TS &1 ,I HOPE1 ! MO/ CONCLUSIVE ( MY NEXT WORK4 

0,:AT ,I HAVE JU/ \TL9$ = ,Y\R ,EXCELL5CE1 ,MONSIEUR ,M9I/]1 EXPLA9S SUFFICI5TLY1 IT SEEMS TO ME1 ! SOMETIMES HEAT$ CRITIQUES ?AT ,I HAVE MADE ( M5 & ?+S1 & ! ALWAYS 9CREAS+ FE> ?AT ,I HAVE HELP$1 P]HAPS MORE ?AN ANY O!R1 TO SPREAD AMONG ! PROPRIETORS4 ,/>T+ FROM AN ESS5TIALLY DIFF]5T PR9CIPLE ( PROP]TY1 S9CE PROP]TY IS ONLY ONE ( ITS ELEM5TS1 & REASON+ ) AN 9EXORABLE RIGOR1 ,I %\LD APPE>1 & HAVE BE5 CALL$1 DEMOLI%]4 ,ALL CRITIQUE1 BY ITSELF1 IS AL>M+1 ESPECIALLY 9 MATT]S ( SOCIETY2 BUT ALSO1 9 MATT]S ( SOCIETY1 IT IS F> FROM CRITIQUE TO DE/RUCTION4 ,MOREOV]1 H[ DO WE CORRECT & HEAL \RSELVES1 H[ DO WE KN[ \RSELVES1 )\T CRITIQUE8 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! MORE ! 9SI<TS 9CREASE & SPREAD1 ! MORE ! DISORD] BECOMES APP>5T & GR[S 9 ! IMAG9ATION2 ! MORE ! FEEL+ ( UNEASE P5ETRATES US1 ! MORE ! VICES ( P[] SEEM TO 9CREASE ) ! YE>S3 ! MORE1 CONSEQU5TLY1 ! COMPLA9TS & 9VECTIVES BECOME VEHEM5T4 ,I HAVE FOLL[$1 LIKE ALL ! O!RS1 ! UNIV]SAL PRACTICE3 AM ,I LESS EXCUSABLE8 

0,I SAID ON PAGE #g ( MY LA/ BOOK3 ,IS ! GOV]NM5T ! MO/ HYPOCRITICAL1 ! MO/ P]V]SE1 ! MO/ VORACI\S1 & ! MO/ ANTI-NATIONAL ?AT HAS EV] BE58 

0,I MU/ MAKE MORE 9TELLIGIBLE TO Y\1 OR IF Y\ LIKE1 MONSIEUR1 MORE TOL]ABLE EA* ( !SE EPI!TS4 

0,! PRES5T GOV]NM5T1 ) REG>D TO ITS T5D5CY 7:AT 9 ! 9DIVIDUAL WE CALL 9T5TION71 IS BETT] ?AN ?OSE ?AT CAME BE=E2 AS TO ITS PRES5T EFFECTS1 IT IS /ILL ALL ?AT ,I JU/ DESCRIB$4 ,! UNC]TA9TY & ! FE> ( ! FUTURE2 ! %\TS & ! BAD FAI? ( ! FACTIONS2 ! AMBITION1 V5ALITY1 & FLAGRANT CORRUPTION ( SEV]AL ( ?OSE :O HOLD ! TILL] ( AFFAIRS2 A MASS ( G5]AL & P>TICUL> CAUSES MAKE ! GOV]NM5T :AT IT IS TODAY1 & JU/IFY ALL ! *>GES ,I MAKE AGA9/ IT4 ,IF !RE IS ONE ?AT ,I REGRET1 ?\<1 & 9 :I* ,I HAVE ONLY JU/ P]CEIV$ ! AMBIGUITY1 IT IS ?AT ( BE+ P]V]SE1 :I* M>KS ! DEPRAVITY ( ! REASON1 REFLECT$ 9 CRIME3 ,I MEANT TO SAY P]V]T$4 

0,9 %ORT1 ,I REG>D ! VICES ( ! GOV]NM5T AS 5G5D]$ BY ITS PREC>I\S & FALSE POSITION1 NOT AS ! RESULT ( AN ABOM9ABLE CALCULATION4 

0,YES1 ! GOV]NM5T IS HYPOCRITE1 BECAUSE IT IS =C$ TO USE DECEPTION & CUNN+ EV]Y DAY2 TO RESPECT C]TA9 PREJUDICES1 :E!R >I/OCRATIC OR POPUL>2 TO YIELD BE=E ! ]RORS ( OP9ION1 & TRANS=M ITSELF BY MEANS ( 9TRIGUES4 ,& IT BECOMES MORE HYPOCRITICAL1 AS ?OSE :O RISE )9 IT BECOME MORE CLEV] & MORE DI%ONE/4 

0,! GOV]NM5T IS VORACI\S3 Y\ KN[ BETT] ?AN ME1 ,MONSIEUR ,M9I/]1 :AT C]TA9 ACCESSIONS CO/ IT1 & ALL ! %AMEFUL NECESSITIES TO :I* SURVIVAL =CES IT TO SUBMIT4 

0,! GOV]NM5T IS P]V]T$ BY ! BAD PASSIONS ( ITS ADV]S>IES1 BY ! 9COMPLETE KN[L$GE & ! FALSE PRUD5CE ( ITS P>TISANS1 BY ! CONCESSIONS ?AT ONE RIPS FROM IT1 BY ITS [N DI/RU/S1 BY ! OV]WR\<T /UBBORNNESS 9SPIR$ 9 IT BY ! 9JU/ICES & CALUMNIES ( ! PRESS1 ETC4 

0,! GOV]NM5T IS ANTI-NATIONAL1 BECAUSE NO?+ SUITS ! ,FR5* *>ACT] LESS ?AN ?AT RIGM>OLE ( AMBITION & CUPIDITY1 BUT ESPECIALLY BECAUSE ! PRES5T P>LIAM5T>Y =M IS ! SILLIE/1 ,I MEAN ! LEA/ ,FR5* ( ALL4.<#b.> 

0,! GOV]NM5T1 F9ALLY1 DOES NOT KN[ ITSELF1 BECAUSE IT DOES NOT KN[ :]E IT COMES FROM1 NOR :]E IT IS GO+1 NOR :AT IT %\LD DO1 NOR H[ IT %\LD DEF5D ITSELF4 

0,FROM ALL ?AT RESULTS A SY/EM ( UNC]TA9 LEGISLATION1 A HESITANT & CONFUS$ ADM9I/RATION2 AN ANTAGONI/IC MAGI/RACY & 5DLESS PA9S :I* MAKE ! POOR PATI5TS CRY & SWE>4 

0,= :Y1 ,I ASK1 DO WE HAVE A T[N HALL1 AN 9/ITUTION FROM ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 RIVAL$ BY A PREFECTURE1 A CREATION ( ! EMPIRE8 ,:Y A D\BLE P>LIAM5T8 ,:Y ONE ADM9I/RATIVE JURISPRUD5CE & ONE CIVIL2 ONE PROC$URE = ! CRIM9AL1 ANO!R = ! CIVIL1 A ?IRD = COMM]CE1 A F\R?1 :I* WILL SOON COME1 = ! ADM9I/RATION8 ,:Y !SE 9/ITUTIONS PLAC$ SIDE BY SIDE AS 5EMIES1 !SE JURISDICTIONS & !SE GREAT BODIES :I* HAVE NO COMMON PR9CIPLE & DO NOT UND]/& ONE ANO!R1 !SE 9COH]5T1 9H>MONIC JUDICI>Y =MALITIES1 :5 !Y %\LD BE UNIFI$1 C5TRALIZ$1 COORD9AT$80 

,?AT1 G5TLEM5 ( ! JURY1 IS ! S]IES ( MY IDEAS ON PROP]TY4 

,METAPHYSICS1 RI<T1 ECONOMY1 CONCLUD+ ) ! EQUALITY ( =TUNES4 

,!N COMES HI/ORY1 :I* %[S US SOCIETY SUBJECT TO ! METAPHYSICAL1 JURISPRUD5TIAL & ECONOMIC LAWS1 EV5 :5 IT HAS NEI!R METAPHYSICS1 NOR JURISPRUD5CE1 NOR ECONOMY1 & ADVANC+ 9/9CTIVELY = C5TURIES T[>DS ! REALIZATION ( ?AT EQUALITY4 

,F9ALLY ! CON/ITUTIONAL *>T] ITSELF IMPLIES EQUALITY2 EQUALITY IS AT ! BASE ( ! REPRES5TATIVE SY/EM1 IT IS ! CONSEQU5CE & RESULT ( ALL \R 9/ITUTIONS4 

,SO IT MU/ BE SAID ) C]TA9TY3 

,?OSE :O DO NOT WANT ! *>T] DO NOT WANT EQUALITY4 

,?OSE :O WANT MORE OR LESS ?AN ! *>T]1 WANT MORE OR LESS ?AN EQUALITY 

,?OSE :O WANT SOME?+ O!R ?AN ! *>T] DO NOT WANT EQUALITY ) ! %ORTE/ DELAY4 ,! *>T]6 ,!RE >E PEOPLE :O BELIEVE ?AT ! *>T] IS ! WORK ( ONE ,ABBE ,MONTESQUIEU1 REVIEW$ & CORRECT$ BY A ,MR4 ,B]>D3 ?IS IS TO ATTRIBUTE L>GE EFFECTS TO V]Y SMALL CAUSES4 

,! *>T] IS ! 5SEMBLE ( ! PR9CIPLES ELABORAT$ N ,FR5* SOCIETY S9CE ! E/ABLI%M5T ( ! COMMUNES UND] ,L\IS ! ,FAT1 & SUCCESSIVELY BR\<T TO LI<T BY ! TRANSI5T =MS ( FEUDALISM1 DESPOTISM1 ! REPUBLIC & ! EMPIRE4 

,! *>T] IS ! SYMBOL ( ! SPIRIT ( LIB]TY & EQUALITY :I* HAS TORM5T$ US = TWELVE C5TURIES4 

,D\BTLESS ! *>T] IS 9COMPLETE & UN=TUNATE 9 ITS EXPRESSION1 9 ITS COMPOSITION1 & IT IS ! WORK ( ,B]>D & ,MONTESQUIEU2 BUT ! CORE ( ! IDEAS BELONGS TO ! NATION1 & IT IS ?AT CORE ?AT ,I AM 9T]PRET+4 

,& BECAUSE IT SEEMS TO ME ?AT ! M5 ( P[] BRU%$ ASIDE ! *>T]1 ,I HAVE1 AS AN EGALIT>IAN & FRI5D ( ! *>T]1 OPPOS$ ?OSE IGNORANT GOV]NORS4 ,WILL !Y D>E TO CLAIM ?AT HE :O DOES NOT LOVE !M DOES NOT LOVE ! *>T]8 ,I AWAIT ?AT APHORISM FROM !M4 

,H[ !N CAN ! ATTORNEY G5]AL REPROA* ME = HAV+ APPEAL$ TO ! PASSIONS8 ,I HAVE CRITICIZ$ VIOL5CE1 MURD]1 RIOTS1 SECRET SOCIETIES1 & REVOLUTIONS 9 TW5TY PLACES 9 MY BRO*URE1 9 ! V]Y PASSAGES :I* S]VE AS ! BASIS = ! ACCUSATION1 SO ?AT ,I AT FIR/ BELIEV$ ?AT IT WAS A RECORD+ ]ROR ON ! P>T ( ! CL]K4 ,SO MU* = ! PROLET>IANS4 ,AS = ?OSE :O1 HAV+ ! MISSION TO 9/RUCT ! PEOPLE & SEE TO !IR 9T]E/S1 ONLY KN[ H[ TO 9SULT & CORRUPT !M1 TO CRY \T AGA9/ ! SOCIALI/S & ! !ORETICIANS1 ,I HAVE NOT BE5 ABLE TO /OP MYSELF FROM MAK+ REPRISALS T[>DS !M1 & ,I BOA/ ( IT4 ,I W\LD NEV] HE> A ,FR5* CITIZ5 SAY 9 COLD BLOOD ?AT ALL ?OSE :O POSSESS NO?+ >E ! 5EMIES ( ! GOV]NM5T2 OR A PRESID5T ( ! P>LIAM5T DECL>E ?AT ! *AMB]S DO NOT HAVE A MISSION TO ORGANIZE LABOR & TO PROVIDE BREAD TO ! WORK]S1 BUT TO MAKE LAW2 OR SOME DEPUTIES & SOME J\RNALI/S1 MA9TA9 ?AT :OEV] ONLY PAYS TWO HUNDR$ FRANCS 9 TAXES IS /UPID & UNFIT4 

,BUT :AT AM ,I SAY+8 ,YES1 G5TLEM5 JURORS1 ,I HAVE APPEAL$ TO ! PASSIONS2 ,I HAVE EXCIT$ ! PASSION = LIB]TY AGA9/ ! PASSION = PRIVILEGE2 ! PASSION = SCI5CE AGA9/ ! PASSION = OBSCURANTISM2 ! PASSION = LABOR AGA9/ ! PASSION = IDL5ESS4 ,I HAVE DONE LIKE ! PREA*]S1 :O EXCITE ! LOVE ( P5IT5CE AGA9/ ! LOVE ( PLEASURE2 BUT !Y >E H>DLY HE>D4 

,Y\ WILL SOON JUDGE1 G5TLEM51 IF1 9 >\S+ ALL !SE PASSIONS AGA9/ ONE ANO!R1 ,I HAVE ACT$ LIKE A GOOD CITIZ51 OR IF ,I HAVE GIV5 9 TO AN EVIL 9SPIRATION1 TO A DETE/ABLE 9/9CT = DISP>AGEM5T4 

,! ACCUS$ !N DISCUSS$ ! LA/ ?REE *>GES4 ,WE OMIT ALL ?AT P>T ( HIS DEF5SE1 :I* KE5LY 9T]E/$ ! AUDI5CE1 BUT :I* ONLY CONNECT$ 9 A DI/ANT MANN] TO ! GREAT ECONOMIC & SOCIAL QUE/IONS1 ALONE WOR?Y1 9 \R OP9ION1 ( ! HONORS ( PUBLICITY4 

,! FLOOR WAS TURN$ OV] TO ! DEF5D] ( ! ACCUS$4 

,M4 ,TRIP>D BEGAN BY RECALL+ ?AT ,FRAN*E-,COMTE IS ! REGION :I*1 9 \R TIME1 HAS PRODUC$ ! BOLDE/ ?9K]S & MO/ 9NOVATIVE M9DS4 ,?US1 9 ! ORD] ( ! SCI5CES1 ,CUVI]2 9 ! REALM ( LETT]S1 ,VICTOR ,HUGO2 9 ! SOCIAL SCI5CES1 ,F\RI]4 ,IT IS TO ?AT FAMILY ( FREE ?9K]S ?AT ,PR\DHON SEEMS TO BELONG4 ,! DEF5SE ATTORNEY RECALL$ ! FIR/ TWO BOOKLETS ON PROP]TY1 SO 5]GETIC 9 =M1 SO BOLD 9 CONT5T1 & REM>KS ?AT 9 EA* ( !M WE SEE A MAXIM E/ABLI%$3 ,PROP]TY IS !FT4 ,H[EV]1 NO PROCE$+S HAD BE5 DIRECT$ AGA9/ !M1 & ! ,M9I/] ( ,JU/ICE HIMSELF1 ,M4 ,VIVI51 HAD DECID$ ?AT !RE WAS NO CAUSE = PROCE$+S4 ,?US1 ,M4 ,PR\DHON HAD REASON TO HOPE = ! SAME FRE$OM = ?IS LA/ BOOKLET AS = ! FIR/ TWO4 ,M4 ,TRIP>D RECALL$ ! MOVEM5TS ?AT1 9 #ahcd & #a#h#c#e1 SOAK$ ,P>IS & ,LYON 9 BLOOD3 ! WORK]S1 >M$ & 9 ! /REET1 DEM&$ LABOR OR DEA?4 ,9 ?AT ]A1 ALL ! DYNA/IC J\RNALS CALL$ S]I\S M9DS T[>D ?AT GREAT QUE/ION1 :I* SO /RONGLY 9T]E/$ ! PROLET>IANS1 ! ORGANIZATION ( LABOR4 ,MR4 ,PR\DHON FELT OBLIG$ TO RESPOND TO ?IS CALL1 & TODAY :5 HE ANN\NC$ ! RESULTS ( HIS PA9/AK+ RESE>*1 HE IS CONVEY$ TO ! ASSIZES6 ,! LAWY] %[$ ,PR\DHON RESE>*+ 9 HI/ORY ! PR9CIPLE ( PROP]TY & DISCOV]+ BESIDE QUIRIT>Y DOMA9 A WORLD ( SLAVES2 BESIDE FIEF1 S]FDOM2 BESIDE ! C5S OR QUITR5T1 ! C5SITAIRE OR %>ECROPP] & ! TRADES2 & FREE PEOPLE NO:]E4 ,IT IS ONLY 9 #a#g#h#i1 :5 A TRANS=MATION TAKES PLACE 9 PROP]TY1 & NOTABLY 9 ! PROP]TY 9 MONEY1 ! LOAN AT 9T]E/1 ?AT LIB]TY1 & HUMAN EQUALITY >E CONSECRAT$4 ,S9CE ?AT TIME1 ! LABOR+ CLASSES HAVE FALL5 AGA9 9TO ! MALAISE1 &S ,M4 ,PR\DHON ATTRIBUTES ?IS MALAISE TO PROP]TY4 ,PROP]TY IS ROBB]Y1 ,MR4 ,PR\DHON HAS SAID3 BUT ?AT IS NOT ! FIR/ TIME ?AT PROP]TY WAS ATTACK$ BY M5 ( ! HI<E/ M]IT4 ,! LAWY] CIT$ ,VATTEL & ,BURLAMAQUI1 :O ONLY CONSID]$ PROP]TY AS TEMPOR>Y & 9CID5TAL2 ,BECC>IA1 :O CALL$ IT A T]RIBLE RI<T1 ?\< ?AT RI<T IS NECESS>Y2 ,PASCAL1 :O CALL$ IT USURPATION1 BUT USURPATION ?AT %\LD BE HIDD5 FROM ! PEOPLE1 IF ONE DOES NOT WANT IT TO 5D SOON2 F9ALLY ,CONSID]ANT1 :O CALLS IT A FUNDAM5TAL SPOLIATION4 ,USURPATION1 SPOLIATION1 !SE WORDS HAVE A GREAT AFF9ITY ) ROBB]Y1 & ,M4 ,PR\DHON HAS NOT EV5 ! CR$IT ( ! 9V5TION4 ,M4 ,PR\DHON C\LD BE MI/AK51 BUT !RE >E SOME EM95T M5 TO COV] HIS RESPONSIBILITY4 ,9 ADDITION1 HE ASK$1 :AT DOES ,MR4 ,PR\DHON MEAN BY PROP]TY8 ,HE DI/+UI%ES DOMA9 FROM POSSESSION1 ! RI<T ( USE FROM ! RI<T ( ABUSE4 ,PROP]TY IS DI/+UI%$ !N FROM POSSESSION BY ! DOMA9 ( ! MAN OV] ! ?+4 ,&1 HE SAYS1 POSSESSION IS ACCORD+ TO RI<T1 BUT PROP]TY IS AGA9/ RI<T4 ,POSSESSION1 IT IS ! RI<T TO USE2 BUT ! RI<T TO ABUSE1 ?AT PRIVILEGE ( ! RI<T ( PROP]TY1 HE WANTS TO DE/ROY IT BY MAK+ ( PROP]TY A VICEG]5CY :OSE S\RCE IS 9 ! GOV]NM5T4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS !ORY1 PROP]TY1 IT IS ROBB]Y1 BECAUSE PROP]TY IS ! SUM ( ! ABUSES OR ! RI<T TO ABUSE4 ,IF ! PROPRIETOR ( A FIELD :I* CONCEALS ORE DOES NOT WANT TO EXPLOIT IT1 OR TO SELL IT1 SAID ,MR4 ,TRIP>D1 ! LAW CONSID]S ?AT ?IS PROPRIETOR ABUSES HIS RI<T TO ! DETRIM5T ( ! PUBLIC GOOD1 & CON/RA9S HIM TO ALL[ ! EXPLOITATION ( ! M9E 9 EX*ANGE = AN 9DEMNITY4 ,WELL6 ,MR4 ,PR\DHON WANTS TO G5]ALIZE ?IS PR9CIPLE ( ! LAW1 & MAKE PROP]TY AN ADM9I/RATIVE MATT]4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 ! ABUSES ( SELFI%NESS WILL DISAPPE> & PUBLIC UTILITY WILL PR(IT4 ,! LAWY] /ROVE TO PO9T \T ?AT1 SE5 9 ?AT S5SE1 ! EXPRESSION1 ,PROP]TY IS ROBB]Y1 LOSES ITS AGGRAVAT+ *>ACT] & RETURNS )9 ! CONDITIONS ( ! DISCUSSION P]MITT$ BY ! LAW4 ,HE %[$ ?AT ! AU?OR ALWAYS HIMSELF DI/+UI%ES BETWE5 PROP]TY & ! PROPRIETOR2 ?AT HE IS )\T HATR$ AGA9/ ! PROPRIETORS1 &1 9 SUPPORT1 HE CIT$ ?IS PASSAGE FROM ! AU?OR3 ,ME1 HATE ANYONE1 ,GOOD ,GOD6 ,Y\ MI<T AS WELL SAY ?AT ! DOCTOR HATES ! ILLNESS1 BECAUSE HE DESCRIBES IT6 ,AS TO ! MEANS ( REALIZ+ HIS !ORY1 ! ADVOCATE DEMON/RAT$1 BY NUM]\S PASSAGES FROM ! BRO*URE1 ?AT HE WANTS NEI!R RIOTS1 NOR REVOLUTIONS2 ?AT EV]Y:]E1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 HE CONSID]S TIME1 PROGRESS & ! GOV]NM5T ITSELF AS ! NECESS>Y AG5TS ( HIS RE=M4 

,! ADVOCATE RECALL$ ?AT 9 HIS BRO*URE ,MR4 ,PR\DHON HAS CREAT$ A L>GE OV]VIEW1 & ?AT ONE C\LD NOT SPLIT OR DIVIDE IT UP1 & GRASP ITS TRUE *>ACT]4 ,HE SET \T TO RESPOND TO ! (F5D+ PASSAGES ) O!RS PASSAGES FROM ! SAME BRO*URE1 9 ORD] TO RE/ORE !M TO !IR TRUE S5SE4 ,HE !N DISCUSS$ SUCCESSIVELY ! F\R (F5SES ( :I* ! AU?OR IS ACCUS$4 ,9 CLOS+1 HE SAID ?AT 9 A SIMIL> TIME1 T5 YE>S AGO1 A Y\NG MAN1 A ,SA9T-,SIMONIAN1 APPE>$ 9 ! ,ASSIZES ( ,P>IS1 ACCUS$ ( ATTACKS AGA9/ PROP]TY & ! FAMILY2 HE WAS ACQUITT$ BY ! JURY1 & TODAY HE R5D]S EM95T S]VICES TO ! C\NTRY AS A PR(ESSOR AT ! ,COLLEGE DE ,FRANCE1 AS A MEMB] ( ! ,C\NCIL ( ,/ATE & $ITOR ( ! ,J\RNAL DES ,DEBATS4.<#c.> 

,! PRESID5T1 ,MR4 ,BE*ET SUMM>IZ$ ! DEBATES1 & DIS*>G$ ?IS DIFFICULT TASK ) A CONCISION & AN IMP>TIALITY ?AT EV]YONE ADMIR$4 

,AFT] AN H\R ( DELIB]ATION1 ! JURY PRON\NC$ A V]DICT ( 0NOT GUILTY40 

,C,O,N,C,L,U,S,I,O,N 

,FROM ?IS JUDGM5T & FROM ! EXPLANATIONS ?AT HAVE JU/ BE5 READ1 & :I* SEEM TO HAVE MOTIVAT$ IT1 WE CAN 9F] ! FOLL[+ !ORETICAL & PRACTICAL CONSEQU5CES1 :I* WE WILL SUMM>ILY EXPRESS3 

,EV]Y SCI5TIFICALLY DEMON/RAT$ PROPOSITION IS \TSIDE ! JURISDICTION ( ! TRIBUNALS1 & >ISES ONLY = SCI5CE ITSELF4 ,IF ! (FICE ( ! MAGI/RATE IS TO WAT* OV] ! NOVELTIES ?AT ?REAT5 ! E/ABLI%$ ORD]1 & TO SEEK !IR AU?ORS1 ! DUTY ( ! JURY1 :5 ! (F5D+ DOCTR9E TAKES ON A SCI5TIFIC *>ACT]1 IS TO AB/A94 

,EV]Y POLITICAL RE=M1 9T5D$ OR UN9T5D$1 BE+ AN 9EVITABLE RESULT ( ! LAW ( PROGRESS1 & = ?AT V]Y REASON ALWAYS BAS$ ON ! SY/EM 9 =CE1 TAK+ FROM IT ITS PR9CIPLE & IT PO9T ( DEP>TURE1 ! CRITIQUE ( 9/ITUTIONS IS A RI<T1 & !IR CONS]VATION ) AN EYE TO ! FUTURE A DUTY4 

,! EQUALITY ( CONDITIONS & ( =TUNES1 F9AL 5D ( PROGRESS1 RESULT+ FROM ! ORGANIC MOVEM5T ( 9/ITUTIONS1 AS WELL AS FROM ! ECONOMIC !ORIES & ! EVID5CE ( HI/ORY1 FROM N[ ON RADICAL WRIT]S MU/ PLACE !MSELVES ON LEGAL T]RA91 TAK+ HOLD ( ! *>T]1 /R5G!N+ !MSELVES )9 ! REPRES5TATIVE SY/EM1 &1 FROM ?AT UNASSAILABLE POSITION1 PUTT+ \TSIDE ! B\NDS ( LEGALITY & CONV5TIONAL RI<T ! ADV]S>IES ( PROGRESS1 H[EV] HI<LY PLAC$ !Y MAY BE F\ND TO BE4 

,LET US HOPE ?AT ! AU?OR ( ! ,MEMOIRS ON ,PROP]TY1 UND]/&+ ! FULL EXT5T ( HIS WORK1 WILL NOT BE SL[ TO GIVE TO Y\1 9 AN ORGANIZ$ =M1 ?AT 0(FICIAL0 7SO TO SPEAK7 DEMON/RATION ( HIS DOCTR9E4 ,MIS=TUNE !N1 ?REE TIMES MIS=TUNE TO ! MAD FOOLS :O WANT TO /OP ! REVOLUTION>Y COA* BY LY+ D[N ACROSS ! RAILS6444 

.<#a.> ,! PUBLIC M9I/]1 9 RESPONSE TO !SE WORDS ( ! ACCUS$1 HAS CIT$ A PASSAGE FRO ! ,FIR/ ,MEMOIR1 9 :I* ! AU?OR DECL>ES HIMSELF AN>*I/4 ,! PUBLIC M9I/] HAS NOT UND]/OOD ?AT ! WORD AN>*Y WAS MEANT 9 ?IS PLACE 9 ! S5SE ( ! NEGATION ( SOV]EIGNTY1 ?AT IS1 A SUB/ITUTION ( PURE REASON = CAPRICE 9 ! GOV]NM5T4 ,9 A WORD1 ! AU?OR BELIEVES 9 SCI5CE & RECOGNIZ$ ! SOV]EIGNTY ( NO ONE4 ,BUT1 9 HIS DEF5SE1 9 CON=MITY ) RECEIV$ LANGUAGE1 HE DECL>ES HIMSELF NON-AN>*I/1 BY :I* HE MEANS 0A FRI5D ( ORD]40 

.<#b.> ,& :AT GOV]NM5T 9 ,FRANCE WAS NEV] CALL$ A =EIGN GOV]NM5T8 

.<#c.> ,DID ,MR4 ,*EVALI] BECOME CONS]VATIVE ONLY 9 ORD] TO BETT] S]VE EQUALITY8 ,:5 WE RECALL ! OLD OP9IONS ( ?IS FAM\S PUBLICI/1 OP9IONS ?AT HE HAS NEV] RETRACT$2 :5 WE READ ! REC5T DISC\RSE ( ! ,COLLEGE DE ,FRANCE1 & WE ?9K ( ! T]RORS HE 9SPIRES1 ON ! ONE H&1 ! RETROGRADE MOVEM5T ( ! M5 ( P[]1 ON ! O!R1 ! RAPID DISCLOSURE ( C]TA9 ECONOMIC TRU?S1 WE CANNOT HELP REG>D+ ,MR4 ,*EVALI]1 EGALIT>IAN CONS]VATIVE1 AS A SECRET M>TYR TO ! RE=MI/ CAUSE4 ,9/EAD ( LI/5+ FOOLI%LY1 AS WE DO1 TO !SE IT9]ANT POLITICK]S :O CRY3 ,DEMOCRACY6 DEMOCRACY6 WE W\LD DO BETT] TO 9QUIRE AFT] ! M5 :O1 AMONG ! AUXILI>IES ( P[]1 WORK1 )\T 5C\RAGEM5T OR WITNESS1 TO MAKE ! TRUE PR9CIPLES ( ORD] & LIB]TY P5ETRATE 9TO ! HI<E/ SOCIAL REGIONS4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #c1 #ahdb 3 ,EXPLANATIONS ,PRES5T$ TO ! ,PUBLIC ,M9I/] ON ! ,RI<T ( ,PROP]TY -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,AUGU/ #b#g1 #bba 3 ,EXPLANATIONS ,PRES5T$ TO ! ,PUBLIC ,M9I/] ON ! ,RI<T ( ,PROP]TY -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,EXPLANATIONS ,PRES5T$ TO ! ,PUBLIC ,M9I/] ON ! ,RI<T ( ,PROP]TY -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
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