,AN>*O-SYNDICALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,TOM ,WETZEL 

,TEXT 3 

,I'M GO+ TO TALK A BIT AB\T ! !ORETICAL PRESUPPOSITIONS ( AN>*OSYNDICALISM1 & ,I'M GO+ TO MAKE SOME COMP>ISONS ) ,M>XISM S9CE BO? POLITICAL P]SPECTIVES CLAIM TO BASE !MSELVES ON ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 

,ACTUALLY !Y >5'T EXACTLY COMP>ABLE BECAUSE ,M>XISM PURPORTS TO BE A COMPLETE WORLDVIEW :]EAS ,I W\LD >GUE ?AT AN>*OSYNDICALISM IS BE/ UND]/OOD AS M]ELY A REVOLUTION>Y /RATEGY1 OR /RATEGIC ORI5TATION4 

,! BASIC IDEA ( AN>*OSYNDICALISM IS ?AT BY DEVELOP+ MASS ORGANIZATIONS ?AT >E SELF-MANAG$ BY !IR P>TICIPANTS1 P>TICUL>LY ORGANIZATIONS ROOT$ 9 ! /RUGGLE AT ! PO9T ( PRODUCTION1 ! WORK+ CLASS DEVELOPS ! SELF-ACTIVITY1 SELF-CONFID5CE1 UNITY1 & SELF-ORGANIZATION ?AT W\LD 5ABLE IT TO EMANCIPATE ITSELF FROM SUBJUGATION TO AN EXPLOIT+ CLASS4 ,! SELF-MANAGEM5T ( ! MOVEM5T ITSELF =E%AD[S & PREFIGURES SELF-MANAGEM5T ( PRODUCTION BY ! WORK=CE1 :I* IS ! MOVEM5T'S REVOLUTION>Y AIM4 ,I ?9K ?AT IS SORT ( A NUT%ELL SUMM>Y ( AN>*O-SYNDICALISM4 

#a4 ,M9IMAL ,MAT]IALISM 

,!RE IS ONE COMMONALITY BETWE5 ,M>XISM & AN>*OSYNDICALISM ?AT ,I WANT TO TAKE A LOOK AT4 ,?IS IS :AT ,I CALL 0M9IMAL MAT]IALISM04 

0,M9IMAL MAT]IALISM0 IS ! IDEA ?AT CLASS /RUCTURE1 BAS$ ON P[] RELATIONS BETWE5 GR\PS ( PEOPLE 9 SOCIAL PRODUCTION1 IS ! MO/ FUNDAM5TAL OR BASIC /RUCTUR+ 9 SOCIETY4 ,! CLASS /RUCTURE IS ! BASIC /RUCTURE ( CONTROL OV] SOCIAL PRODUCTION1 ! BASIC ECONOMIC /RUCTURE1 ACCORD+ TO M9IMAL MAT]IALISM4 ,?IS /RUCTURE IS SUPPOS$ TO BE ! BACKGR\ND AGA9/ :I* EV]Y?+ ELSE AB\T SOCIETY IS TO BE EXPLA9$ OR UND]/OOD4 

,TWO >GUM5TS = IT BE+ FUNDAM5TAL3 

,PRODUCTION IS NECESS>Y TO HUMAN LIFE4.<#a.> 

,PEOPLE SP5D A HUGE AM\NT ( !IR WAK+ TIME AT WORK1 & !IR PROSPECTS 9 LIFE >E V]Y MU* DEP5D5T ON !IR RELATION%IP TO SOCIAL PRODUCTION4.<#b.> 

,TO EXPLA9 :AT ,I MEAN BY 0/RUCTURE0 ,I'M GO+ TO USE AN ANALOGY4 ,LET'S SAY ,I PULL \T A MAT* & /RIKE IT ON ! SOLE ( MY %OE & ! MAT* BUR/S 9TO FLAME4 ,! 5D RESULT IS A BURN+ MAT*4 ,! /IMULUS EV5T WAS ME /RIK+ ! MAT*4 ,BUT ! /IMULUS BY ITSELF ISN'T SUFFICI5T TO EXPLA9 :AT HAPP5$4 ,:AT IF ! MAT* HEAD WAS WET8 ,:AT IF IT WAS A FAKE PLA/IC MAT*8 ,:AT IF ! MAT* /ICK WAS SO RUBB]Y ,I C\LDN'T GET ANY TRACTION8 ,SO1 TO EXPLA9 :Y ! MAT* BUR/ 9TO FLAME WE NE$ TO BR+ 9 !SE MORE /ABLE FACTORS ?AT WE TAKE = GRANT$ -- ! *EMICAL COMPOSITION ( ! MAT*1 ITS DRYNESS1 ! RIGIDITY ( ! MAT*/ICK1 & SO ON4 

,OKAY1 ?OSE >E :AT ,I'D CALL 0/RUCTURAL0 FACTORS 9 ! EXPLANATION4 ,!Y >E P>T ( ! MORE OR LESS /ABLE BACKGR\ND 9 :I* ! CAUSAL PROCESS ( GETT+ ! MAT* TO LI<T HAPP5$4 ,WELL1 ! IDEA ( 0M9IMAL MAT]IALISM0 IS ?AT ! CLASS DIVISION 9 CAPITALISM IS A BACKGR\ND 0/RUCTURE0 LIKE ?IS1 IT IS SOME?+ Y\ HAVE TO LOOK AT IF Y\ WANT TO GET A COMPLETE & ACCURATE PICTURE ( :Y ?+S HAPP5 ! WAY !Y DO4 

,! IDEA IS ?AT ! CLASS /RUCTURE IS LIKE A CAUSAL =CE FIELD ?AT %APES EV]Y?+ ?AT HAPP5S 9 SOCIETY4 

#b4 ,! ,DOCTR9E ( ! ,CLASS ,/RUGGLE 

,ONE ?+ ?AT FOLL[S FROM M9IMAL MAT]IALISM IS ! DOCTR9E ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 ?AT ?IS IS H[ SOCIETY *ANGES OV] TIME4 ,! IDEA IS ?AT CLASS /RUGGLE IS ! C5TRAL FACTOR 9 ! EVOLUTION ( HUMAN SOCIAL =MATIONS4 

,M>X SAID ?AT ONE ( HIS MO/ IMPORTANT IDEAS WAS ! DI/9CTION BETWE5 LABOR & LABOR-P[]4 ,)9 CAPITALISM ! ABILITY TO WORK IS :AT ! PROLET>IAN SELLS TO ! EMPLOY]4 

,%E SELLS H] ABILITY TO WORK TO A FIRM TO USE = A C]TA9 P]IOD4 ,%E CAN'T TELL H] LABOR P[] TO GO TO WORK & /AY AT HOME 9 B$2 %E HAS TO DRAG H]SELF 9TO WORK ) H] LABOR P[]4 ,!RE IS !N 9EVITABLY A FI<T BETWE5 ! EMPLOY] & ! WORK] OV] EXACTLY H[ ! WORK]'S ABILITY TO DO WORK IS GO+ TO BE US$4 ,ADVANC$ CAPITALISM DEVELOP$ A V]Y ELABORATE HI]>*Y ( BOSSES & !IR PR(ESSIONAL ADVISORY GR\PS PRECISELY TO TRY TO CONTROL WORK]S1 TO PROTECT ! 9T]E/S ( ! [N]S 9 MAXIMIZ+ PR(IT OV] ! LONG RUN4 

,SO1 ?IS G5]ATES AN ONGO+ CLASS /RUGGLE1 ! FI<T AGA9/ ! P[] ?AT ! BOSSES HAVE OV] US 9 SOCIAL PRODUCTION4 

,M9IMAL MAT]IALISM BY ITSELF DOES NOT 5TAIL ANY COMMITM5T TO ECONOMIC DET]M9ISM OR ANY IDEA ( !RE BE+ ANY 9EVITABLE DIRECTION TO HI/ORY4 ,IT JU/ SAYS ?AT ! CLASS /RUCTURE1 & ! CONFLICT IT G5]ATES1 IS V]Y C5TRAL TO UND]/&+ :AT HAPP5S 9 SOCIETY4 

,HI/ORICALLY ! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN LEFT HAS REJECT$ ! IDEA ( AN 9EVITABLE COLLAPSE ( CAPITALISM1 & HAS BE5 SKEPTICAL AB\T ,M>X'S CRISIS !ORY4 ,! ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN LEFT -- BO? C\NCILI/ ,M>XI/S & AN>*I/S -- HAVE EMPHASIZ$ ! POSITIVE ROLE ( WORK] SELF-ACTIVITY1 P]SONAL DEVELOPM5T1 SOLID>ITY & SELF-ORGANIZATION 9 ! PROCESS ( SELF-EMANCIPATION4 

#c4 ,IS ,M9IMAL ,MAT]IALISM ,CLASS ,R$UCTIONI/8 

,AS M9IMAL AS IT IS1 M9IMAL MAT]IALISM HAS BE5 SUBJECT TO A C]TA9 CRITICISM 9 REC5T DECADES1 NAMELY1 ?AT IT IS 0CLASS R$UCTIONI/40 ,! COMPLA9T GOES SOME?+ LIKE ! FOLL[+4 ,BECAUSE ! MAT]IALI/ SAYS ?AT CLASS IS ! ONLY FUNDAM5TAL /RUCTURAL ELEM5T ( CONTEMPOR>Y ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY1 IT CAN'T DO JU/ICE TO ! OPPRESSION & CONFLICT ON L9ES ( G5D] & RACE & POLITICAL AU?ORITIANISM4 ,?AT IS1 WE CAN'T R$UCE ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ G5D] OPPRESSION1 AGA9/ RACISM1 AGA9/ POLITICAL AU?ORIT>IANISM TO JU/ ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,?IS CRITICISM BECAME 9CREAS+LY SALI5T OV] ! PA/ HALF C5TURY1 ) ! /RUGGLES ( ! CIVIL RI<TS MOVEM5T1 ! WOM5'S MOVEM5T1 ! GAY & LESBIAN MOVEM5T HAV+ A BIG IMPACT ON H[ PEOPLE P]CEIVE FAULTL9ES 9 SOCIETY4 

,TO ACTIVI/S ( COLOR1 RACISM SEEMS JU/ AS FUNDAM5TAL A FAULTL9E2 FEM9I/S >E LIKELY TO SEE ?+S 9 T]MS ( ! /RUGGLE >\ND G5D] 9EQUALITY4 

,= EXAMPLE1 SOME FEM9I/S WILL >GUE ?AT ! 0FAMILY WAGE0 SY/EM 9 ! ,U,S,A 9 ! #a#i? C5TURY1 :I* HELP$ TO CEM5T ! SUBORD9ATION ( WOM5 AS A G5D] CA/E1 WAS A K9D ( DEAL BETWE5 WORK]S & CAPITALI/S1 TO CONTROL ! LABOR ( WOM51 ) MALE WORK]S GA9+ CONTROL OV] WOM5 9 ! HOME4 ,?US = SOME FEM9I/S1 G5D] IS ! MO/ BASIC /RUCTURE & ! CONFLICT BETWE5 MALE WORK]S & MALE BOSSES WAS JU/ A CONFLICT 9T]NAL TO ! RUL+ GR\P4 

,N[1 ,I ?9K ONE POSSIBLE L9E ( REPLY W\LD BE TO ACKN[L$GE ?AT RACISM & PATRI>*Y & AU?ORIT>IAN HI]>*IES CAN EA* G5]ATE ITS [N DYNAMIC1 ?AT AFFECTS O!R ?+S1 9CLUD+ ! CLASS /RUGGLE ITSELF4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! AU?ORIT>IAN HI]>*Y 9 ,A,F,L-,C,I,O UNIONS CREATES ITS [N PROBLEM = ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 

#d4 ,! ,F\R-,=CES ,!ORY 

,SOME PEOPLE WILL TAKE ?IS TO ! CONCLUSION ?AT ! UND]LY+ /RUCTURE ( CONTEMPOR>Y ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY REALLY HAS F\R DI/9T FACETS OR /RUCTURES -- PATRI>*Y1 RACISM1 CLASS1 & POLITICAL AU?ORIT>IANISM4 ,EA* IS EQUALLY FUNDAM5TAL1 !Y WILL SAY1 ) EA* ACT+ AS A DI/9CT 9FLU5CE ON EV]Y?+ ELSE4 ,?IS IS :AT ,I CALL ! 0,F\R ,=CES ,!ORY40 ,= EXAMPLE1 Y\'LL F9D ?IS !ORY WORK$ \T 9 ! BOOK 0,UNOR?ODOX ,M>XISM0 BY ,MI*AEL ,ALB]T & ,ROB9 ,HAHNEL4 

,S9CE SOCIALI/-FEM9I/S 9 ! '#gS HAD CONV9C$ ME ?AT G5D] WAS EQUALLY BASIC AS CLASS1 ,I'M NOT GO+ TO TRY TO DEF5D 0M9IMAL MAT]IALISM0 NOR AM ,I GO+ TO TRY TO ANSW] ! QUE/ION ( :E!R ! ,F\R ,=CES ,!ORY IS ! BE/ WAY TO UND]/& CONTEMPOR>Y ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY4 ,I'M GO+ TO LEAVE ?AT AS AN EX]CISE = Y\ TO FIGURE \T4 

,I DO WANT TO MAKE ONE PO9T H[EV]4 ,:AT ,I WANT TO CLAIM IS ?AT AN>*OSYNDICALISM IS JU/ AS COMPATIBLE ) ! ,F\R ,=CES ,!ORY AS IT WAS ) ,M9IMAL ,MAT]IALISM OR ! VIEWS ( ! SOCIALI/-FEM9I/S4 

,! REASON IS SIMPLE4 ,ALL ( !SE !ORIES ACKN[L$GE ?AT CLASS IS BASIC4 ,!Y >E ALL ?US IMPLICITLY COMMITT$ TO ! 9EVITABILITY & IMPORTANCE ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,!Y >E ALL CONSI/5T ) ! IDEA ?AT IT IS ?R\< A MOVEM5T DEVELOP$ DIRECTLY BY WORK]S ?AT CLASS OPPRESSION CAN BE OV]?R[N & WORK]S CONTROL OV] PRODUCTION CREAT$4 

#e4 ,CRITIQUE ( ! ,M>XI/ ,!ORY ( ,CLASS 

,I'VE TALK$ AB\T CLASS /RUCTURE1 BUT ,:AT IS CLASS8 

,:AT ,I WANT TO >GUE IS ?AT ,M>XISM HAS A MI/AK5 !ORY AB\T CLASS4 ,M>XISM HI/ORICALLY HAS ASSUM$ ?AT !RE >E ONLY TWO MAJOR CLASSES 9 CAPITALISM1 NAMELY1 LABOR & CAPITAL4 ,M>XISM ASSUMES ?AT IT IS [N]%IP ?AT IS ! KEY RELATION ?AT DEF9ES CLASS4 ,! 9VE/OR CLASS1 :O [N ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 >E !REBY ! RUL+ CLASS4 ,EV]YONE ELSE MU/ SEEK WORK AS HIR$ LABOR4 

,! PROBLEM ) ?IS !ORY IS ?AT IT LEAVES \T A CLASS4 ,!RE >E 9 FACT ?REE MAJOR CLASSES 9 ADVANC$ CAPITALISM1 NOT JU/ TWO4 

,[N]%IP MAY BE ! MO/ IMPORTANT BASIS = P[] OV] SOCIAL PRODUCTION 9 ADVANC$ CAPITALISM BUT IT IS NOT ! ONLY SU* BASIS4 ,!RE IS ALSO ANO!R CLASS ( PEOPLE1 :O ,I CALL ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS4 ,!IR ROLE IS ?AT ( CONTROLL+ ! LABOR ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,?IS IS ! CLASS ?AT 9CLUDES ! MANAGEM5T HI]>*Y & ! PR(ESSIONAL CONSULTANTS & ADVIS]S C5TRAL TO !IR SY/EM ( CONTROL -- AS LAWY]S1 KEY 5G9E]S & ACC\NTANTS1 & SO ON4 

,! PO9T IS ?AT IT IS P[] RELATIONS 9 SOCIAL PRODUCTION ?AT CREATES A CLASS /RATIFICATION1 & !RE >E DIFF]5T WAYS ?AT PEOPLE CAN HAVE P[] OV] O!RS 9 PRODUCTION2 [N]%IP ( PRODUCTIVE ASSETS IS JU/ ONE SU* BASIS4 

,HI/ORICALLY ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS DEVELOP$ AS CAPITALISM REORGANIZ$ ! NATURE ( WORK1 DIM9I%+ ! DEP5D5CE ( EMPLOY]S ON ! SKILL & 9TELLECTUAL ABILITY ( WORK]S TO COORD9ATE !IR [N WORK1 & VE/+ ?IS 9CREAS+LY 9 A LAY] ( EXP]T 9TELLECTUAL CADRE4 ,! R$ESIGN ( WORK PROCESSES1 TO BREAK UP WORK 9TO PIECES & M9IMIZE ! RELIANCE ON SKILLS 9 ! WORK=CE AIM$ AT *ANG+ ! BALANCE ( P[] AGA9/ ! WORK]S & MAK+ ! :OLE PROCESS MORE DEP5D5T ON MANAGEM5T COORD9ATION4 

,! MEMB]S ( ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS MAY HAVE SOME SMALL CAPITAL HOLD+S1 EI!R VIA ?+S LIKE /OCK OPTIONS OR SMALL 9VE/M5TS OR [N]%IP ( !IR H\SES OR O!R SMALL PROP]TY4 ,BUT ?AT IS NOT :AT !IR LIVELIHOOD & WAY ( LIFE IS BAS$ ON4 ,RA!R1 !Y HAVE !IR CLASS POSITION BECAUSE ( !IR RELATIVE MONOPOLIZATION OV] KN[L$GE1 SKLLS1 & CONNECTIONS4 ,?IS :AT 5ABLES !M TO GA9 ACCESS TO ! POSITIONS !Y HAVE 9 ! CORPORATE & GOV]M5T HI]>*IES4 ,!Y %>E 9 COMMON ) ! WORK+ CLASS ?AT !Y >E HIR$ LABOR4 

,IT'S TRUE ?AT !RE >E RELATIVE DIFF]5CES 9 P[] & PRIVILEGE )9 ?IS CLASS1 BUT ?IS IS TRUE ( ALL CLASSES -- !RE >E HUGE DIFF]5CES 9 ! WEAL? & P[] ( DIFF]5T CAPITALI/S1 & AMONG DIFF]5T GR\PS ( WORK]S !RE >E BIG DIFF]5CES 9 WAGE RATES & CONDITIONS ( WORK OR AUTONOMY 9 WORK4 

,ANO!R ?+ TO NOTE AB\T ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS IS ?AT IT IS CAPABLE ( BE+ A RUL+ CLASS4 ,?IS IS 9 FACT ! TRUE HI/ORICAL MEAN+ ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION & ! O!R SOCALL$ ,COMMUNI/ C\NTRIES4 ,!Y >E 9 FACT SY/EMS ?AT EMP[] ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS4 

,:AT IS 9T]E/+ IS ?AT ! FAILURE TO SEE OR APPRECIATE ! SIGNIFICANCE ( ?IS CLASS IS A C5TRAL BL9DSPOT 9 ,M>XISM4 ,?IS IS ONE ( ! ?+S ?AT 5ABLES ,M>XI/S TO FAIL TO SEE ASPECTS ( ,M>XISM ?AT PROGRAMMATICALLY LEAD TO TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS DOM9ANCE4 

#f4 ,P>TYISM V]SUS ,SYNDICALISM 

,ONE ( ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL ASPECTS ( ,M>XISM IS ITS P>TYISM4 ,BY P>TYISM ,I MEAN ! FOLL[+ IDEA4 ,M>XI/S WILL (T5 >GUE ?AT /RUGGLES ( ?IS OR ?AT UNION OR ?IS OR ?AT GR\P ( ! POPULATION >E P>TIAL /RUGGLES4 ,A P>TICUL> UNION OR O!R GR\P WILL FOCUS !IR ATT5TION ON DEM&S OR AIMS ?AT >E P>TIAL1 NOT A COMPLETE CLASS-WIDE PROGRAM4 ,A KEY T5ET ( ,M>XISM IS ?AT ! DEVELOPM5T ( A CLASS-WIDE PROGRAM1 A PROGRAM ?AT CAN REPRES5T & ADVANCE ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ CLASS AS A :OLE1 IS DEVELOP$ BY COALESC+ =CES BEH9D A LABOR OR SOCIALI/ POLITICAL P>TY4 ,M>XISM IS /RATEGICALLY P>TYI/1 ?AT IS1 ITS /RATEGY = *ANGE IS ?AT ( A POLITICAL P>TY LEAD]%IP GA9+ CONTROL ( A /ATE4 

,! TRADITIONAL ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN CRITIQUE ( P>TYISM IS ?AT IT IS SUB/ITUTIONI/1 IT SUB/ITUTES ! P>TY = ! CLASS4 ,! AN>*OSYNDICALI/ OR C\NCILI/ ALT]NATIVE IS ?AT IT IS ! CLASS AS A :OLE1 ?R\< MASS ORGANIZATIONS LIKE WORK]S C\NCILS1 ?AT IS TO GA9 P[]1 NOT A P>TY LEAD]%IP ?R\< A /ATE4 

,P>TYISM WILL T5D TO ELEVATE TO LEAD]%IP & CONTROL ?OSE :O HAVE ! MO/ $UCATION1 :O >E ! MO/ >TICULATE1 ! BE/ SPEAK]S1 ! 9TELLECTUALS & POLICY WONKS ( ! MOVEM5T4 ,BAKUN9 PO9T$ \T ?AT ,M>X'S P>TYISM IS A /RATEGY = ! EMP[]M5T ( ! 9TELLIG5TSIA1 ! PEOPLE :O MONOPOLIZE SCI5TIFIC KN[L$GE4 

,NONE!LESS1 AN>*I/S HAVE NEV] REALLY DEVELOP$ ?AT 9SI<T4 ,DESPITE ! FACT ?AT AN>*I/S (T5 SAY ?AT CLASS IS BAS$ ON TOP-D[N HI]>*Y 9 PRODUCTION1 AN>*I/S HAVE NEV] REALLY DEVELOP$ FULLY A !ORY ( ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS1 AS A DI/9CT ECONOMIC CLASS 9 VIRTUE ( ITS POSITION 9 A HI]>*Y 9 SOCIAL PRODUCTION4 ,NONE!LESS1 ! !ORY ( ! TE*NO-MANAG]IAL CLASS IS CONSI/5T ) AN>*I/ 9SI<TS4 

,IT'S TRUE ?AT (T5 WORK] /RUGGLES >E P>TIAL1 >E OV] DEM&S OR GOALS LIMIT$ TO A P>TICUL> SECTOR4 ,H[ DO WE ANSW] ! ,M>XI/ >GUM5T ?AT ! COALESC+ ( ! MOVEM5T 9TO A P>TY IS ! SOLUTION TO ?IS8 ,I ?9K WE CAN SAY ?AT !RE IS AN ALT]NATIVE WAY ( 5VISION+ H[ UNITY & CLASS-WIDE PROGRAM MI<T EM]GE1 9 A MORE GRASSROOTS1 HORIZONTAL WAY4 ,I ?9K WE C\LD CONCEIVE ( A MOVEM5T DEVELOP+ :]E SELF-MANAG$ UNIONS >E GETT+ TOGE!R HORIZONTALLY = MUTUAL SUPPORT & DEVELOP A PROGRAM ?AT ADDRESSES A WORK]'S :OLE LIFE1 ISSUES ?AT AFFECT US ALL LIKE H\S+ & HEAL? C>E & SO ON1 & ?AT !Y 9VOLVE O!R GRASSROOTS MASS ORGANIZATIONS 9 ! COMMUNITY AS P>T ( ?IS PROCESS1 SU* AS T5ANT GR\PS1 COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS ( V>I\S K9DS4 ,I CALL ?IS IDEA A 0PEOPLE'S ALLIANCE40 ,SOME PEOPLE HAVE TALK$ AB\T ! IDEA ( 0ALT]NATIVE C5TRAL LABOR C\NCILS0 AS A WAY ( DEVELOP+ A MORE MILITANT HORIZONTAL SOLID>ITY4 ,?IS IS ANO!R EXAMPLE ( H[ A HORIZONTAL DEVELOPM5T ( A CLASS-WIDE PROGRAM C\LD EM]GE4 

,SO1 ,I W\LD C\NT] ?IS IDEA ( A HORIZONTAL1 GRASSROOTS PEOPLE'S ALLIANCE TO ! P>TYI/ /RATEGY4 ,?AT IS1 WE CAN CONCEIVE ( ?IS BE+ ! WAY ?AT P[] ( NUMB]S & SOLID>ITY IS DEVELOP$1 9DEP5D5TLY ( ! /ATE & POLITICAL P>TIES4 

#g4 ,CRITIQUE ( ,SPONTANEI/ ,!ORY ( ,ORGANIZATION 

,LA/LY1 ,I WANT TO ADDRESS A KEY PROBLEM ?AT FACES US 9 DEVELOP+ A MOVEM5T ?AT IS G5U9ELY SELF-MANAG+1 & DOES NOT CONTA9 )9 IT ! SE$S ( NEW HI]>*IES EM]G+4 

,! ,I,W,W HAS AN OLD SLOGAN1 ?AT 0,WE ,>E ,ALL ,LEAD]S40 ,AS AN IDEAL1 AS :AT WE AIM =1 ,I ?9K ?AT IS RI<T4 ,BUT ! QUE/ION IS1 ,H[ DO WE MAKE SURE \R PRACTICE APPROXIMATES TO ?AT IDEAL8 

,! EXI/+ SOCIETY IS DIVID$ BY ALL K9DS ( 9EQUALITIES1 9EQUALTIES ( ACCESS TO $UCATION & KN[L$GE & OPPORTUNITIES TO DEVELOP SKILLS4 ,9EQUALITIES ALONG L9ES ( CLASS1 $UCATION1 G5D] & RACE WILL BE REFLECT$ 9 !SE DIFF]5CES 9 PEOPLE 9 !SE WAYS4 

,SOME PEOPLE HAVE MORE KN[L$GE AB\T H[ ?+S WORK1 A MORE 0!ORETICAL0 UND]/&+1 SOME HAVE MORE =MAL $UCATION ?AN O!RS1 SOME >E MORE SELF-CONFID5T ?AT O!RS1 SOME HAVE HAD OPPORTUNITIES ?AT HAVE 5ABL$ !M TO DEVELOP SKILLS AT PUBLIC SPEAK+ OR >TICULAT+ IDEAS4 ,O!RS MAY HAVE ! LAT5T ABILITY TO DEVELOP SU* SKILLS BUT !Y'VE JU/ NOT HAD ! OPPORTUNITY TO DEVELOP !M ?R\< PRACTICE4 

,?IS TELLS US ?AT ANY MOVEM5T ?AT ORGANIZES ITSELF 9 A PURELY 0SPONTANE\S0 WAY WILL 0SPONTANE\SLY0 T5D TO REPLICATE )9 ITSELF !SE 9EQUALITIES ?AT HAVE BE5 %AP$ BY ! L>G] CAPITALI/ SOCIETY4 

,?IS MEANS A G5U9ELY EGALIT>IAN MOVEM5T CANNOT BE CREAT$ 9 A PURELY SPONTANE\S FA%ION4 ,WE NE$ TO CONSCI\SLY BE AW>E ( DIFF]5CES 9 SKILL DEVELOPM5T & CONSCI\SLY WORK TO BR+ \T 9 PEOPLE !IR LAT5T ABILITIES1 TO PLAY A POSITIVE ROLE 9 ! MOVEM5T4 ,!RE >E A V>IETY ( ?+S ?AT CAN BE DONE 9 ?IS DIRECTION4 ,?+S LIKE 5C\RAG+ PEOPLE TO SPEAK1 TO P>TICIPATE 9 DEBATES1 /UDY GR\PS & ACTIVI/ S*OOLS TO DEVELOP KN[L$GE & ! ABILITY TO 0!ORIZE0 ONE'S EXP]I5CE1 & TO DEVELOP CRITICAL ?9K+ SKILLS SO ?AT PEOPLE CAN ?9K = !MSELVES4 

,?R\< A CONSCI\S & COLLECTIVE PRACTICE ( DEVELOP+ SKILLS 9 PEOPLE1 WE CAN 5SURE ?AT PEOPLE >E BETT] ABLE TO PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE 9 ! MOVEM5T4 

.<#a.> ,BUT ?IS >GUM5T DOESN'T WORK4 ,!RE O!R O!R ?+S ?AT >E EQUALLY ESS5TIAL TO HUMAN LIFE -- = EXAMPLE1 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION4 

.<#b.> ,I ?9K ?IS IS A BETT] >GUM5T4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#c1 #bba 3 ,AN>*O-SYNDICALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,AN>*O-SYNDICALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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