,BOOK #d1 ,*APT] #i 
,( ! ,ME*ANISM ( ! ,HUMAN ,M9D 

#agicagic 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,GODW9 

,TEXT 3 

,*,A,P,T,] ,I,X 

,( ,! ,M,E,*,A,N,I,S,M ,( ,! ,H,U,M,A,N ,M,9,D 

 ,NATURE ( ,ME*ANISM4 - ,ITS CLASSES1 MAT]IAL 
 & 9TELLECTUAL4 - ,MAT]IAL SY/EM1 OR ( VIBRA- 
 TIONS4 - ,! 9TELLECTUAL SY/EM MO/ PROBABLE 
 - FROM ! CONSID]ATION ?AT ?\<T W\LD 
 O!RWISE BE A SUP]FLUITY - FROM ! E/ABLI%$ 
 PR9CIPLES ( REASON+ FROM EFFECTS TO CAUSES4 
 - ,OBJECTIONS REFUT$4 - ,?\<TS :I* PRO- 
 DUCE ANIMAL MOTION MAY BE - ,I4 9VOLUNT>Y 
 - #b4 UNATT5D$ WITK CONSCI\SNESS4 - ,! M9D 
 CANNOT HAVE MORE ?AN ONE ?\<T AT ANY ONE 
 TIME4 - ,OBJECTION TO ?IS ASS]TION FROM ! CASE 
 ( COMPLEX IDEAS- FROM V>I\S M5TAL OP]- 
 ATIONS - AS COMP>ISON - APPREH5SION4 - 
 ,RAPIDITY ( ! SUCCESSION ( IDEAS4 - ,APPLI- 
 CATION4 - ,DURATION MEASUR$ BY CONSCI\SNESS4 
 - #c4 A DI/9CT ?\<T TO EA* MOTION MAY 
 BE UNNECESS>Y - APP>5T FROM ! COMPLEXITY 
 ( S5SIBLE IMPRESSIONS4 - ,! M9D ALWAYS 
 ?9KS4 - ,CONCLUSION4 - ,! !ORY APPLI$ TO 
 ! PH5OM5ON ( WALK+- TO ! CIRCULATION 
 ( ! BLOOD4 - ,( MOTION 9 G5]AL4 - ,O,S 
    DREAMS4 

,! DOCTR9E ( NECESSITY BE+ ADMITT$1 IT FOLL[S ?AT ! !ORY ( ! HUMAN M9D IS PROP]LY1 LIKE ! !ORY ( EV]Y O!R S]IES ( EV5TS ) :I* WE >E ACQUA9T$1 A SY/EM ( ME*ANISM2 UND]/&+ BY ME*ANISM NO?+ MORE ?AN A REGUL> SUCCESSION ( PH5OM5A1 )\T ANY UNC]TA9TY ( EV5T1 SO ?AT EV]Y CONSEQU5T REQUIRES A SPECIFIC ANTEC$5T1 & C\LD BE NO O!RWISE 9 ANY RESPECT ?AN AS ! ANTEC$5T DET]M9$ IT TO BE4 

,BUT !RE >E TWO SORTS ( ME*ANISM CAPABLE ( BE+ APPLI$ TO ! SOLUTION ( ?IS CASE1 ONE :I* HAS = ITS M$IUM ONLY MATT] & MOTION1 ! O!R :I* HAS = ITS M$IUM ?\<T4 ,:I* ( !SE IS TO BE REG>D$ AS MO/ PROBABLE8 

,ACCORD+ TO ! FIR/1 WE MAY CONCEIVE ! HUMAN BODY TO BE SO CON/ITUT$ AS TO BE SUSCEPTIBLE ( VIBRATIONS1 9 ! SAME MANN] AS ! /R+S ( A MUSICAL 9/RUM5T4 ,!SE VIBRATIONS1 HAV+ BEGUN UPON ! SURFACE ( ! BODY1 >E CONVEY$ TO ! BRA92 &1 9 A MANN] ?AT IS EQUALLY ! RESULT ( CON/RUCTION1 PRODUCE A SECOND SET ( VIBRATIONS BEG9N+ 9 ! BRA91 & CONVEY$ TO ! DIFF]5T ORGANS OR MEMB]S ( ! BODY4 ,?US IT MAY BE SUPPOS$ ?AT A PIECE ( IRON CONSID]ABLY HEAT$ IS APPLI$ TO ! BODY ( AN 9FANT1 & ?AT ! REPORT ( ?IS IRRITATION & SEP>ATION ( P>TS BE+ CONVEY$ TO ! BRA9 V5TS ITSELF AGA9 9 A %RILL & PI]C+ CRY4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS MANN] ?AT C]TA9 CONVULSIVE & SPASMODIC AFFECTIONS APPE> TO TAKE PLACE 9 ! BODY4 ,! CASE1 AS H]E DESCRIB$1 IS SIMIL> TO ?AT ( ! BAG ( A PAIR ( BAGPIPES1 :I*1 BE+ PRESS$ 9 A C]TA9 MANN]1 UTT]S A GROAN1 )\T ANY?+ MORE BE+ NECESS>Y TO ACC\NT = ?IS PH5OM5ON ?AN ! KN[N LAWS ( MATT] & MOTION4 ,LET US ADD TO !SE VIBRATIONS A SY/EM ( ASSOCIATIONS TO BE C>RI$ ON BY TRACES TO BE MADE UPON ! M$ULL>Y SUB/ANCE ( ! BRA91 BY MEANS ( :I* PA/ & PRES5T IMPRESSIONS >E CONNECT$ ACCORD+ TO C]TA9 LAWS1 AS ! TRACES HAPP5 TO APPROA* OR RUN 9TO EA* O!R2 & WE HAVE !N A COMPLETE S*EME ( A C]TA9 SORT1 ( ! PH5OM5A ( HUMAN ACTION4 ,IT IS TO BE OBS]V$ ?AT1 ACCORD+ TO ?IS SY/EM1 M9D1 OR P]CEPTION1 IS ALTOGE!R UNNECESS>Y TO EXPLA9 ! APPE>ANCES4 ,IT MI<T = O!R REASONS BE DESIRABLE OR WISE1 9 ! AU?OR ( ! UNIV]SE = EXAMPLE1 TO 9TRODUCE A ?9K+ SUB/ANCE1 OR A P[] ( P]CEPTION1 AS A SPECTATOR ( ! PROCESS4 ,BUT ?IS P]CIPI5T P[] IS ALTOGE!R NEUTRAL1 HAV+ APP>5TLY NO CONC]N1 EI!R AS A M$IUM OR O!RWISE1 9 ! EV5TS TO BE PRODUC$4#a 

,! SECOND SY/EM1 :I* REPRES5TS ?\<T AS ! M$IUM ( OP]ATION1 IS NOT LESS A SY/EM ( ME*ANISM ACCORD+ TO ! DOCTR9E ( NECESSITY1 BUT IT IS A ME*ANISM ( A TOTALLY DIFF]5T K9D4 

,!RE >E V>I\S REASONS CALCULAT$ TO P]SUADE US ?AT ?IS LA/ HYPO!SIS IS ! MO/ PR(ITABLE4 ,NO 9CONSID]ABLE >GUM5T MAY BE D]IV$ FROM ! S+UL> & IMPORTANT NATURE ( ?AT PROP]TY ( HUMAN BE+S :I* WE T]M ?\<T2 :I* IT IS SURELY SOME:AT VIOL5T TO /RIKE \T ( \R SY/EM1 AS A M]E SUP]FLUITY4 

,A SECOND REASON /ILL MORE DECISIVE ?AN ! =M] >ISES FROM ! CON/ANCY ) :I* ?\<T1 9 9NUM]ABLE 9/ANCES1 ACCOMPANIES ! FUNCTIONS ( ?IS ME*ANISM4 ,N[ ?IS CON/ANCY ( CONJUNCTION HAS BE5 %[N TO BE ! ONLY GR\ND WE HAVE1 9 ANY IMAG9ABLE SUBJECT1 = PROCE$+ FROM ANTEC$5T TO CONSEQU5T1 & EXPECT+1 :5 WE SEE ONE GIV5 EV5T1 ?AT ANO!R EV5T ( A GIV5 SORT WILL SUCCE$ IT4#b ,WE CANNOT !RE=E REJECT ! PR9CIPLE :I* SUPPOSES ?\<T TO BE A REAL M$IUM 9 ! ME*ANISM ( MAN1 BUT UPON GR\NDS ?AT W\LD VITIATE \R REASON+S 9 EV]Y TOPIC ( HUMAN 9QUIRY4 

,IT MAY BE OBJECT$ '?AT1 ?\< ?IS REGUL>ITY ( EV5T IS ! ONLY RATIONAL PR9CIPLE ( 9F]5CE1 YET ?\<T MAY BE F\ND NOT TO POSSESS ! *>ACT] ( A M$IUM1 MOTION BE+ 9 ALL 9/ANCES ! ANTEC$5T1 & ?\<T NEV] ANY?+ MORE ?AN A CONSEQU5T'4 ,BUT ?IS IS CONTR>Y TO EV]Y?+ WE KN[ ( ! SY/EM ( ! UNIV]SE1 9 :I* EA* EV5T APPE>S TO BE ALT]NATELY BO? ! ONE & ! O!R1 NO?+ T]M9AT+ 9 ITSELF1 BUT EV]Y?+ LEAD+ ON TO AN 5DLESS *A9 ( CONSEQU5CES4 

,IT W\LD BE EQUALLY VA9 TO OBJECT '?AT WE >E UNABLE TO CONCEIVE H[ ?\<T CAN HAVE ANY T5D5CY TO PROMOTION 9 ! ANIMAL SY/EM'2 S9CE IT HAS JU/ APPE>$ ?AT ?IS IGNORANCE IS BY NO MEANS PECULI> TO ! SUBJECT BE=E US4 ,WE >E UNIV]SALLY UNABLE TO P]CEIVE A F\NDATION ( NECESS>Y CONNECTION4#c 

,IT BE+ !N SUFFICI5TLY CLE> ?AT !RE >E COG5T REASONS TO P]SUADE US ?AT ?\<T IS ! M$IUM ?R\< :I* ! MOTIONS ( ! ANIMAL SY/EM >E G5]ALLY C>TI$ ON1 LET US PROCE$ TO CONSID] :AT IS ! NATURE ( ?OSE ?\<TS BY :I* ! LIMBS & ORGANS ( \R BODY >E SET 9 MOTION4 ,IT WILL !N PROBABLY BE F\ND ?AT ! DIFFICULTIES :I* HAVE CLOGG$ ! 9TELLECTUAL HYPO!SIS >E PR9CIPALLY F\ND$ 9 ]RONE\S NOTIONS D]IV$ FROM ! SY/EM ( LIB]TY2 AS IF !RE W]E ANY ESS5TIAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ?OSE ?\<TS :I* >E ! M$IUM ( G5]AT+ MOTION1 & ?\<TS 9 G5]AL4 

,FIR/1 ?\<T MAY BE ! S\RCE ( ANIMAL MOTION1 )\T P>TAK+1 9 ANY DEGREE1 ( VOLITION1 OR DESIGN4 ,IT IS C]TA9 ?AT !RE IS A GREAT V>IETY ( MOTIONS 9 ! ANIMAL SY/EM :I* >E1 9 EV]Y VIEW ( ! SUBJECT1 9VOLUNT>Y4#d ,SU*1 = EXAMPLE1 >E ! CRIES ( AN 9FANT1 :5 IT IS FIR/ IMPRESS$ ) ! S5SATION ( PA94 ,9 ! FIR/ MOTIONS ( ! ANIMAL SY/EM1 NO?+ ( ANY SORT C\LD POSSIBLY BE =ESE51 & !RE=E NO?+ ( ANY SORT C\LD BE 9T5D$4 ,YET !SE MOTIONS HAVE S5SATION OR ?\<T = !IR CON/ANT CONCOMITANT2 & !RE=E ALL ! >GUM5TS :I* HAVE BE5 ALREADY ALLEG$ REMA9 9 FULL =CE1 TO PROVE ?AT ?\<T IS ! M$IUM ( !IR PRODUCTION4 

,NOR WILL ?IS APPE> EXTRAORD9>Y1 IF WE CONSID] ! NATURE ( VOLITION ITSELF4 ,9 VOLITION1 IF ! DOCTR9E ( NECESSITY BE TRUE1 ! M9D IS ALTOGE!R PASSIVE4 ,TWO IDEAS PRES5T !MSELVES 9 SOME WAY CONNECT$ ) EA* O!R2 & A P]CEPTION ( PREF]ABL5ESS NECESS>ILY FOLL[S4 ,AN OBJECT HAV+ C]TA9 DESIRABLE QUALITIES IS P]CEIV$ TO BE )9 MY REA*2 & MY H& IS NECESS>ILY /RET*$ \T ) AN 9T5TION TO OBTA9 IT4 ,IF A P]CEPTION ( PREF]5CE1 OR DESIRABL5ESS1 IRRESI/IBLY LEAD TO ANIMAL MOTION1 :Y MAY NOT ! M]E P]CEPTION ( PA98 ,ALL ?AT ! ADV]S>Y ( AUTOMATISM IS CONC]N$ TO MA9TA9 IS ?AT ?\<T IS AN ESS5TIAL L9K 9 ! *A92 & ?AT1 ! MOM5T IT IS TAK5 AWAY1 ! L9KS ?AT W]E BE=E NO LONG] AF=D ! SLI<TE/ GR\ND TO EXPECT MOTION 9 ! L9KS ?AT W]E AFT]4 - ,IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT1 AS A NUM]\S CLASS ( MOTIONS HAVE !IR CON/ANT ORIG9 9 ?\<T1 SO !RE MAY BE NO ?\<TS ALTOGE!R UNATT5D$ ) MOTION4 

,SECONDLY1 ?\<T MAY BE ! S\RCE ( ANIMAL MOTION & AT ! SAME TIME BE UNATT5D$ ) CONSCI\SNESS ,?IS IS UND\BT$LY A DI/9CTION ( CONSID]ABLE REF9E-4 MEET1 DEP5D+ UPON ! PRECISE MEAN+ ( WORDS2 &1 IF ANY P]SON %\LD *OOSE TO EXPRESS HIMSELF DIFF]5TLY ON ! SUBJECT1 IT W\LD BE USELESS OB/9ATELY TO DISPUTE ?AT DIFF]5CE ) HIM4 ,BY ! CONSCI\SNESS :I* ACCOMPANIES ANY ?\<T1 !RE SEEMS TO BE SOME?+ IMPLI$ DI/9CT FROM ! ?\<T ITSELF4 ,CONSCI\SNESS IS A SORT ( SUPPLEM5T>Y REFLECTION1 BY :I* ! M9D NOT ONLY HAS ! ?\<T1 BUT ADV]TS TO ITS [N SITUATION & OBS]VES ?AT IT HAS IT4 ,CONSCI\SNESS !RE=E1 H[EV] NICE ! DI/9CTION1 SEEMS TO BE A SECOND ?\<T4 

,9 ORD] TO ASC]TA9 :E!R EV]Y ?\<T BE ATT5D$ ) CONSCI\SNESS1 IT MAY BE PROP] TO CONSID] :E!R ! M9D CAN EV] HAVE MORE ?AN ONE ?\<T AT ANY ONE TIME4 ,N[ ?IS SEEMS ALTOGE!R CONTR>Y TO ! V]Y NATURE ( M9D4 ,MY PRES5T ?\<T IS ?AT TO :I* MY PRES5T ATT5TION IS YIELD$2 BUT ,I CANNOT ATT5D TO SEV]AL ?+S AT ONCE4 ,?IS ASS]TION APPE>S TO BE ( ! NATURE ( AN 9TUITIVE AXIOM2 & EXP]I5CE IS P]PETUALLY REM9D+ US ( ITS TRU?4 ,9 COMP>+ TWO OBJECTS1 WE FREQU5TLY 5DEAVOR1 AS IT W]E1 TO DRAW !M TOGE!R 9 ! M9D1 BUT WE SEEM OBLIG$ TO PASS SUCCESSIVELY FROM ! ONE TO ! O!R4 

,BUT1 ?\< IT BE 9TUITIVELY TRUE ?AT WE CAN ATT5D TO BUT ONE ?+1 OR1 9 O!R WORDS1 HAVE BUT ONE ?\<T1 AT ONE TIME1 & ?\< 9TUITIVE & SELF-EVID5T PROPOSITIONS DO NOT1 PROP]LY SPEAK+1 ADMIT ( BE+ SUPPORT$ BY >GUM5T1 YET !RE IS A COLLAT]AL CONSID]ATION1 SOME?+ 9 ! NATURE ( AN >GUM5T1 ?AT MAY BE ADDUC$ 9 SUPPORT ( ?IS PROPOSITION4 ,IT IS AT PRES5T G5]ALLY ADMITT$1 BY ALL ACCURATE REASON]S UPON ! NATURE ( ! HUMAN M9D1 ?AT ITS :OLE 9T]NAL HI/ORY MAY BE TRAC$ TO ONE S+LE PR9CIPLE1 ASSOCIATION4 ,!RE >E BUT TWO WAYS 9 :I* A ?\<T CAN BE EXCIT$ 9 ! M9D1 FIR/1 BY EXT]NAL IMPRESSION1 SECONDLY1 BY ! PROP]TY :I* ONE ?\<T EXI/+ 9 ! M9D IS F\ND TO HAVE1 ( 9TRODUC+ A SECOND ?\<T ?R\< ! MEANS ( SOME L9K ( CONNECTION BETWE5 !M4 ,?IS BE+ PREMIS$1 LET US SUPPOSE A GIV5 M9D TO HAVE TWO IDEAS AT ! SAME TIME4 ,!RE CAN BE NO REASON :Y EI!R ( !SE IDEAS %\LD PROVE UNG5]ATIVE1 OR :Y ! TWO IDEAS !Y >E BE/ FITT$ TO BR+ AFT] !M %\LD NOT COEXI/ AS WELL AS !IR PR$ECESSORS4 ,LET ! SAME PROCESS BE REPEAT$ 9DEF9ITELY4 ,WE HAVE !N TWO TRA9S ( ?9K+ EXACTLY CONTEMPOR>Y 9 ! SAME M9D4 ,V]Y CURI\S QUE/IONS WILL H]E >ISE4 ,HAVE !Y ANY COMMUNICATION8 ,DO !Y FL[ SEP>ATELY1 OR OCCASIONALLY CROSS & 9T]RUPT EA* O!R8 ,CAN ANY REASON BE GIV51 :Y ONE ( !M %\LD NOT RELATE TO ! DOCTR9E ( FLUXIONS1 & ! O!R TO ! DRAMA8 9 O!R WORDS1 :Y ! SAME MAN %\LD NOT1 AT ! SAME TIME1 BE BO? ,NEWTON & ,%AKESPE>E8 ,:Y MAY NOT ONE ( !SE COEXI/+ TRA9S BE ( A JOYFUL & ! O!R ( A SORR[FUL T5OR8 ,!RE IS NO ABSURDITY ?AT MAY NOT BE SUPPORT$ UPON ! ASSUMPTION ( ?IS PR9CIPLE4 ,9 FACT WE HAVE NO O!R CONCEPTION ( FIDELITY1 AS IT RELATES TO ! HUMAN M9D1 ?AN ?AT ( A S+LE IDEA1 SUP]S$ABLE BY EXT]NAL IMPRESSION1 OR REGUL>LY LEAD+ ON1 BY MEANS ( V>I\S CONNECTIONS1 TO AN 9DEF9ITE TRA9 ( IDEAS 9 UN9T]RUPT$ SUCCESSION4 

,BUT ?IS PR9CIPLE1 ?\< APP>5TLY SUPPORT$ BO? BY REASON & 9TUITION1 IS NOT UNATT5D$ ) DIFFICULTIES4 ,! FIR/ IS ?AT :I* >ISES FROM ! CASE ( COMPLEX IDEAS4 ,?IS WILL BE/ BE APPREH5D$ IF WE EXAM9E IT1 AS IT RELATES TO VISIBLE OBJECTS4 ',LET US SUPPOSE ?AT ,I AM AT PRES5T EMPLOY$ 9 ! ACT ( READ+4 ,I APPE> TO TAKE 9 :OLE WORDS1 & 9DE$ CLU/]S ( WORDS1 BY A S+LE ACT ( ! M9D4 ,BUT LET IT BE GRANT$ = A MOM5T ?AT ,I SEE EA* LETT] SUCCESSIVELY4 ,YET EA* LETT] IS MADE UP ( P>TS3 ! LETT] ,D1 = EXAMPLE1 ( A RI<T L9E & A CURVE1 & EA* ( !SE L9ES ( ! SUCCESSIVE ADDITION OR FLUXION ( PO9TS4 ,IF ,I CONSID] ! L9E AS A :OLE1 YET ITS EXT5SION IS ONE ?+1 & ITS T]M9ATIONS ANO!R4 ,I C\LD NOT SEE ! LETT]1 IF ! BLACK L9E ?AT DESCRIBES IT1 & ! :ITE SURFACE ?AT B\NDS IT1 W]E NOT EA* ( !M 9 ! VIEW ( MY ORGAN4 ,!RE MU/ !RE=E1 AS IT %\LD SEEM1 UPON ! HYPO!SIS ABOVE /AT$1 TO BE AN 9F9ITE SUCCESSION ( IDEAS 9 ! M9D1 BE=E IT C\LD APPREH5D ! SIMPLE/ OBJECTS ) :I* WE >E CONV]SANT4 ,BUT WE HAVE NO FEEL+ ( ANY SU* ?+1 BUT RA!R ( ! PRECISE CONTR>Y4 ,?\S&S ( HUMAN BE+S GO \T ( ! WORLD1 )\T EV] APPREH5D+ ?AT L9ES >E COMPOS$ ( ! ADDITION OR FLUXION ( PO9TS4 ,AN HYPO!SIS ?AT IS 9 DIRECT OPPOSITION TO SO MANY APP>5T FACTS MU/ HAVE A V]Y UNCOMMON PORTION ( EVID5CE TO SU/A9 IT1 IF 9DE$ IT CAN BE SU/A9$4' 

,! TRUE ANSW] TO ?IS OBJECTION SEEMS TO BE AS FOLL[S4 ,! M9D CAN APPREH5D ONLY A S+LE IDEA AT ONCE1 BUT ?AT IDEA NE$S NOT BE A SIMPLE IDEA4 ,! M9D CAN APPREH5D TWO OR MORE OBJECTS AT A S+LE EF=T1 BUT IT CANNOT APPREH5D !M AS TWO4 ,!RE SEEMS NO SUFFICI5T REASON TO D5Y ?AT ALL ?OSE OBJECTS :I* >E PA9T$ AT ONCE UPON ! RET9A ( ! EYE PRODUCE A JO9T & SIMULTANE\S IMPRESSION UPON ! M9D4 ,BUT !Y >E NOT IMM$IATELY CONCEIV$ BY ! M9D AS MANY1 BUT AS ONE3 ! RECOLLECTION MAY OCCUR ?AT !Y >E MADE UP ( P>TS1 BUT !SE P>TS CANNOT BE CONSID]$ BY US O!RWISE ?AN SUCCESSIVELY4 ,! RESOLUTION ( OBJECTS 9TO !IR SIMPLE ELEM5TS IS AN OP]ATION ( SCI5CE & IMPROVEM5T2 BUT IT IS ALTOGE!R =EIGN TO \R FIR/ & ORIG9AL CONCEPTIONS4 ,9 ALL CASES1 ! OP]ATIONS ( \R UND]/&+ >E RA!R ANALYTICAL ?AN SYN!TIC1 RA!R ?OSE ( RESOLUTION ?AN COMPOSITION4 ,WE DO NOT BEG9 ) ! SUCCESSIVE P]CEPTION ( ELEM5T>Y P>TS TILL WE HAVE OBTA9$ AN IDEA ( A :OLE2 BUT BEG9N+ ) A :OLE1 >E CAPABLE ( R$UC+ IT 9TO ITS ELEM5TS4 

,A SECOND DIFFICULTY IS ( A MU* SUBTL] NATURE4 ,IT CONSI/S 9 ! SEEM+ 'IMPOSSIBILITY ( P]=M+ ANY M5TAL OP]ATION1 SU* AS COMP>ISON = EXAMPLE1 :I* HAS RELATION TO TWO OR MORE IDEAS1 IF WE HAVE NOT BO? IDEAS BE=E US AT ONCE1 IF ONE ( !M BE COMPLETELY VANI%$ & GONE1 BE=E ! O!R BEG9S TO EXIT'4 ,! S\RCE ( ?IS DIFFICULTY SEEMS TO LIE 9 ! MI/AKE ( SUPPOS+ ?AT !RE IS A REAL 9T]VAL BETWE5 ! TWO IDEAS4 ,IT WILL P]HAPS BE F\ND UPON AN ACCURATE EXAM9ATION ?AT1 ?\< WE CANNOT HAVE TWO IDEAS AT ONCE1 YET IT IS NOT JU/ TO SAY ?AT ! FIR/ HAS P]I%$1 BE=E ! SECOND BEG9S TO EXI/4 ,! 9/ANT ?AT CONNECTS !M IS ( NO REAL MAGNITUDE1 & PRODUCES NO REAL DIVISION4 ,! M9D IS ALWAYS FULL4 ,IT IS ?IS 9/ANT !RE=E ?AT IS ! TRUE PO9T ( COMP>ISON4 

,IT MAY BE OBJECT$ '?AT COMP>ISON IS RA!R A MATT] ( RETROSPECT1 DECID+ BETWE5 TWO IDEAS ?AT HAVE BE5 COMPLETELY APPREH5D$1 ?AN A P]CEPTION :I* OCCURS 9 ! MIDDLE1 BE=E ! SECOND HAS BE5 OBS]V$'4 ,TO ?IS OBJECTION EXP]I5CE WILL P]HAPS BE F\ND TO FURNI% ! TRUE ANSW]4 ,WE F9D 9 FACT ?AT WE CANNOT COMP>E TWO OBJECTS TILL WE HAVE PASS$ & REPASS$ !M 9 ! M9D4 

',SUPPOS+ ?IS ACC\NT ( ! OP]ATION ( ! M9D 9 COMP>ISON TO BE ADMITT$1 YET :AT %ALL WE SAY TO A COMPLEX S5T5CE1 CONTA9+ TW5TY IDEAS1 ! S5SE ( :I* ,I FULLY APPREH5D AT A S+LE HE>+1 NAY1 EV51 9 SOME CASES1 BY ! TIME ONE HALF ( IT HAS BE5 UTT]$8' 

,! M]E TALK ( UND]/&+ :AT IS AFFIRM$ TO US IS ( A V]Y DIFF]5T NATURE FROM ?AT ( COMP>ISON1 OR ( ANY O!R SPECIES ( JUDGM5T ?AT IS TO BE =M$ CONC]N+ ?IS AFFIRMATION4 ,:5 A NUMB] ( IDEAS >E PRES5T$ 9 A TRA91 ?\< 9 ONE S5SE !RE BE V>IETY1 YET 9 ANO!R !RE IS UNITY4 ,FIR/1 !RE IS ! UNITY ( UN9T]RUPT$ SUCCESSION1 ! P]5NIAL FL[ AS ( A /REAM1 :]E ! DROP 9DE$ ?AT SUCCE$S IS NUM]ICALLY DI/9CT FROM ?AT--:I* W5T BE=E1 BUT !RE IS NO CESSATION4 ,SECONDLY1 !RE IS ! UNITY ( ME?OD1 ,! M9D APPREH5DS1 AS ! DISC\RSE PROCE$S1 A /RICT ASSOCIATION FROM SIMIL>ITY OR SOME O!R S\RCE1 BETWE5 EA* IDEA3 AS IT FOLL[S 9 ! PROCESS1 & ?AT :I* W5T BE=E IT4 

,! FACULTY ( UND]/&+ ! DIFF]5T P>TS ( A DISC\RSE 9 !IR CONNECTION ) EA* O!R1 SIMPLE AS IT APPE>S1 IS 9 REALITY ( GRADUAL & SL[ ACQUISITION4 ,WE >E1 BY V>I\S CAUSES1 EXCLUD$ FROM A M9UTE OBS]VATION ( ! PROGRESS ( ! 9FANT M9D1 & !RE=E DO NOT READILY CONCEIVE BY H[ IMP]CEPTIBLE ADVANCES IT >RIVES AT A QUICKNESS ( APPREH5SION1 RELATIVE TO ! SIMPLE/ S5T5CES4 ,BUT WE MORE EASILY REM>K ITS SUBSEQU5T IMPROVEM5T1 & P]CEIVE H[ LONG IT IS1 BE=E IT CAN APPREH5D A DISC\RSE ( CONSID]ABLE L5G?1 OR A S5T5CE ( GREAT AB/RACTION4 

,NO?+ IS MORE C]TA9 ?AN ! POSSIBILITY ( MY P]CEIV+ ! SORT ( RELATION ?AT EXI/S BETWE5 ! DIFF]5T P>TS ( A ME?ODICAL DISC\RSE1 = EXAMPLE1 ,MR ,BURKE'S ,SPEE* UPON ,OECONOMICAL ,RE=M1 ?\< IT BE IMPOSSIBLE = ME1 AFT] ! SEV]E/ ATT5TION1 TO CONSID] ! SEV]AL P>TS O!RWISE ?AN SUCCESSIVELY4 ,I HAVE A LAT5T FEEL+ ( ?IS RELATION AS ! DISC\RSE PROCE$S1 BUT ,I CANNOT GIVE A FIRM JUDGM5T RESPECT+ IT1 O!RWISE ?AN BY RETROSPECT4 ,IT MAY H[EV] BE SUSPECT$1 EV5 9 ! CASE ( SIMPLE APPREH5SION1 ?AT AN ACCURATE ATT5TION TO ! OP]ATIONS ( ! M9D W\LD %[ ?AT WE SC>CELY 9 ANY 9/ANCE HE> A S+LE S5T5CE )\T RETURN+ AGA9 & AGA9 UPON ! /EPS ( ! SPEAK] & DRAW+ MORE CLOSELY 9 \R M9DS ! PREC$+ MEMB]S ( HIS P]IOD1 BE=E HE >RIVES AT ITS CONCLUSION2 ?\< EV5 ?IS EX]TION ( M9D1 SUBTLE AS IT IS1 BE NOT ( ITSELF ?\<T SUFFICI5T TO AU?ORIZE US TO GIVE A JUDGM5T ( ! :OLE4 

,BUT1 IF ! PR9CIPLE H]E /AT$ BE TRUE1 H[ 9F9ITELY RAPID MU/ BE ! SUCCESSION ( IDEAS8 ,:ILE ,I AM SPEAK+1 NO TWO IDEAS >E 9 MY M9D AT ! SAME TIME1 & YET ) :AT FACILITY DO ,I PASS FROM ONE TO ANO!R8 ,IF MY DISC\RSE BE >GUM5TATIVE1 H[ (T5 DO ,I PASS 9 REVIEW ! TOPICS ( :I* IT CONSI/S1 BE=E ,I UTT] !M2 &1 EV5 :ILE ,I AM SPEAK+1 CONT9UE ! REVIEW AT 9T]VALS1 )\T PRODUC+ ANY PAUSE 9 MY DISC\RSE8 ,H[ MANY O!R S5SATIONS >E EXP]I5C$ BY ME DUR+ ?IS 'P]IOD1 )\T SO MU* AS 9T]RUPT+1 ?AT IS1 )\T MAT]IALLY DIV]T+ ! TRA9 ( MY IDEAS8 ,MY EYE SUCCESSIVELY REM>KS A ?\S& OBJECTS ?AT PRES5T !MSELVES4 ,MY M9D W&]S TO ! DIFF]5T P>TS ( MY BODY1 & RECEIVES A S5SATION FROM ! *AIR UPON :I* ,I SIT1 OR ! TABLE UPON :I* ,I LEAN2 FROM ! P9*+ ( A %OE1 FROM A S++ 9 MY E>1 A PA9 9 MY HEAD1 OR AN IRRITATION ( ! BREA/4 ,:5 !SE MO/ P]CEPTIBLY OCCUR1 MY M9D PASSES FROM ONE TO ANO!R )\T FEEL+1! M9UTE/ OB/ACLE1 OR BE+ 9 ANY DEGREE DI/RACT$ BY !IR MULTIPLICITY4 ,FROM ?IS CURSORY VIEW ( ! SUBJECT1 IT APPE>S ?AT WE HAVE A MULTITUDE ( DIFF]5T SUCCESSIVE P]CEPTIONS 9 EV]Y MOM5T ( \R EXI/5CE4#e - ,TO RETURN4 

,CONSCI\SNESS1 AS IT HAS BE5 ABOVE DEF9$1 APPE>S TO BE ONE ( ! DEP>TM5TS ( MEMORY4 ,N[ ! NATURE ( MEMORY1 SO F> AS IT RELATES TO ! SUBJECT ( :I* WE >E TREAT+1 IS OBVI\S4 ,AN 9F9ITE NUMB] ( ?\<TS PASS$ ?R\< MY M9D 9 ! LA/ FIVE M9UTES ( MY EXI/5CE4 ,H[ MANY ( !M AM ,I N[ ABLE TO RECOLLECT8 ,H[ MANY ( !M %ALL ,I RECOLLECT TOMORR[8 ,ONE IMPRESSION AFT] ANO!R IS P]PETUALLY EFFAC+ FROM ?IS 9TELLECTUAL REGI/]4 ,SOME ( !M MAY ) GREAT ATT5TION & EF=T BE REVIV$2 O!RS OBTRUDE !MSELVES UNCALL$ =2 & A ?IRD SORT >E P]HAPS \T ( ! REA* ( ANY P[] ( ?\<T TO REPRODUCE1 AS HAV+ NEV] LEFT !IR TRACES BEH9D !M = A MOM5T4 ,IF ! MEMORY BE CAPABLE ( SO MANY V>IATIONS & DEGREES ( 9T5SITY1 MAY !RE NOT BE SOME CASES ) :I* IT NEV] CONNECTS ITSELF8 ,IF ! SUCCESSION ( ?\<T BE SO 9EXPRESSIBLY RAPID1 MAY !Y NOT PASS OV] SOME TOPICS ) SO DELICATE A T\* AS TO ELUDE ! SUPPLEM5T ( CONSCI\SNESS8 

,IT SEEMS TO BE CONSCI\SNESS1 RA!R ?AN ! SUCCESSION ( IDEAS1 ?AT MEASURES TIME TO ! M9D4 ,! SUCCESSION ( IDEAS IS1 9 ALL CASES1 EXCE$+LY RAPID1 & IT IS BY NO MEANS CLE> ?AT IT CAN BE ACCEL]AT$4 ,WE F9D IT IMPRACTICABLE 9 ! EXP]IM5T TO RETA9 ANY IDEA 9 \R M9D UNV>I$ = ANY P]CEPTIBLE DURATION4 ,CONT9UAL FLUX APPE>S TO TAKE PLACE 9 EV]Y P>T ( ! UNIV]SE4 ,( ?\<T1 MAY BE SAID1 9 A PRACTICAL S5SE1 :AT HAS BE5 AFFIRM$ ( MATT]1 ?AT IT IS 9F9ITELY DIVISIBLE4 ,YET TIME SEEMS1 TO \R APPREH5SION1 TO FL[ N[ ) A PRECIPITAT$1 & N[ ) A T>DY C\RSE4 ,! 9DOL5T MAN RECL9ES = H\RS 9 ! %ADE2 &1 ?\< HIS M9D BE P]PETUALLY AT WORK1 ! SIL5T PROGRESS ( TIME IS UNOBS]V$4 ,BUT1 :5 ACUTE PA91 OR UNEASY EXPECTATION1 OBLIGES CONSCI\SNESS TO RECUR ) UNUSUAL =CE1 ! TIME APPE>S 9SUPPORTABLY LONG4 ,9DE$ IT IS A CONTRADICTION 9 T]MS TO SUPPOSE ?AT ! SUCCESSION ( ?\<TS1 :]E !RE IS NO?+ ?AT P]CEPTIBLY L9KS !M TOGE!R1 :]E !Y TOTALLY ELUDE ! MEMORY & 9/ANTLY VANI%1 CAN BE A MEASURE ( TIME TO ! M9D4 ,?AT !RE IS SU* A /ATE ( M9D1 9 SOME CASES ASSUM+ A P]MAN5T =M1 HAS BE5 SO MU* ! G5]AL OP9ION ( MANK9D ?AT IT HAS OBTA9$ A NAME1 & IS CALL$ REV]IE4 ,IT IS PROBABLE FROM :AT HAS BE5 SAID ?AT ?\<TS ( REV]IE1 UND]/&+ BY ?AT APPELLATION ?\<TS UNTRANSMITT$ TO ! MEMORY1 P]PETUALLY TAKE !IR TURN ) \R MORE EXPRESS & DIGE/$ ?\<TS1 EV5 9 ! MO/ ACTIVE SC5ES ( \R LIFE4 

,LA/LY1 ?\<T MAY BE ! S\RCE ( ANIMAL MOTION1 & YET !RE MAY BE NO NE$ ( A DI/9CT ?\<T PRODUC+ EA* 9DIVIDUAL MOTION4 ,?IS IS A V]Y ESS5TIAL PO9T 9 ! SUBJECT BE=E US4 ,9 UTT]+ A CRY = EXAMPLE1 ! NUMB] ( MUSCLES & >TICULATIONS ( ! BODY CONC]N$ 9 ?IS OP]ATION IS V]Y GREAT2 %ALL WE SAY ?AT ! 9FANT HAS A DI/9CT ?\<T = EA* ( !SE >TICULATIONS8 

,! ANSW] TO ?IS QUE/ION WILL BE CONSID]ABLY FACILITAT$ IF WE RECOLLECT ! MANN] 9 :I* ! IMPRESSIONS >E BL5D$ :I* WE RECEIVE FROM EXT]NAL OBJECTS4 ,! S5SE ( FEEL+ IS DIFFUS$ OV] EV]Y P>T ( MY BODY1 ,I FEEL ! DIFF]5T SUB/ANCES ?AT SUPPORT ME1 ! P5 ,I GUIDE1 V>I\S AFFECTIONS & PETTY IRREGUL>ITIES 9 DIFF]5T P>TS ( MY FRAME1 NAY1 ! V]Y AIR ?AT 5VIRONS ME4 ,BUT ALL !SE IMPRESSIONS >E ABSOLUTELY SIMULTANE\S1 & ,I CAN HAVE ONLY ONE P]CEPTION AT ONCE4 ,\T ( !SE V>I\S IMPRESSIONS1 ! MO/ P[]FUL1 OR ?AT :I* HAS ! GREATE/ ADVANTAGE TO SOLICIT MY ATT5TION1 OV]COMES & DRIVES \T ! RE/2 OR1 :I* NOT LESS FREQU5TLY HAPP5S1 SOME IDEA ( ASSOCIATION1 SUGGE/$ BY ! LA/ PREC$+ IDEA1 :OLLY )DRAWS MY ATT5TION FROM EV]Y EXT]NAL OBJECT4 ,IT IS PROBABLE H[EV] ?AT ?IS P]CEPTION IS IMP]CEPTIBLY MODIFI$ BY ! M9IATURE IMPRESSIONS :I* ACCOMPANY IT1 JU/ AS WE ACTUALLY F9D ?AT ! V]Y SAME IDEAS PRES5T$ TO A SICK MAN TAKE A PECULI> T+E :I* R5D]S !M EXCE$+LY DIFF]5T FROM :AT !Y >E 9 ! M9D ( A MAN 9 HEAL?4 ,IT HAS BE5 ALREADY %[N ?AT1 ?\< !RE IS NO?+ LESS FREQU5T ?AN ! APPREH5D+ ( A SIMPLE IDEA1 YET EV]Y IDEA1 H[EV] COMPLEX1 (F]S ITSELF TO ! M9D UND] ! CONCEPTION ( UNITY4 ,! BL5D+ ( NUM]\S IMPRESSIONS 9TO ONE P]CEPTION IS A LAW ( \R NATURE2 & ! CU/OM>Y TRA9 ( \R P]CEPTIONS IS 5TIRELY ( ?IS D5OM9ATION4 ,AFT] ?IS MANN]1 NOT ONLY EV]Y P]CEPTION IS COMPLICAT$ BY A V>IETY ( SIMULTANE\S IMPRESSIONS1 BUT EV]Y IDEA ?AT N[ (F]S ITSELF TO ! M9D IS MODIFI$ BY ALL ! IDEAS ?AT EV] EXI/$ 9 IT4 ,IT IS ?IS CIRCUM/ANCE ?AT CON/ITUTES ! 9S5SIBLE EMPIRE ( PREJUDICE2 & CAUSES EV]Y OBJECT :I* IS EXHIBIT$ TO A NUMB] ( 9DIVIDUALS TO ASSUME AS MANY =MS 9 !IR M9E AS !RE >E 9DIVIDUALS :O VIEW IT4 

,!SE REM>KS FURNI% US ) AN ANSW] TO ! LONG DISPUT$ QUE/ION1 :E!R ! M9D ALWAYS ?9KS8 ,IT APPE>S ?AT 9NUM]ABLE IMPRESSIONS >E P]PETUAL6' MADE UPON \R BODY2 & ! ONLY WAY 9 :I* ! SLI<TE/ ( !SE IS PREV5T$ FROM CONVEY+ A DI/9CT REPORT TO ! M9D IS 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ITS BE+ OV]P[]$ BY SOME MORE CONSID]ABLE IMPRESSION4 ,IT CANNOT !RE=E BE ALLEG$ '?AT1 AS ONE IMPRESSION IS F\ND TO BE OV]P[]$ BY ANO!R :ILE WE WAKE1 ! /RONGE/ ONLY ( ! SIMULTANE\S IMPRESSIONS FURNI%+ AN IDEA TO ! M9D2 SO ! :OLE SET ( SIMULTANE\S IMPRESSIONS DUR+ SLEEP MAY BE OV]P[]$ BY SOME 9DISPOSITION ( ! S5SORIUM1 & 5TIRELY FAIL ( ITS EFFECT'4 ,=1 FIR/1 ! CASES >E ALTOGE!R DIFF]5T4 ,FROM ! EXPLICATION ABOVE GIV51 IT APPE>$ ?AT NOT ONE ( ! IMPRESSIONS WAS REALLY LO/1 BUT T5D$1 ?\< 9 A V]Y LIMIT$ DEGREE1 TO MODIFY ! PR$OM9ANT IMPRESSION4 ,SECONDLY1 NO?+ CAN BE MORE ABSURD ?AN ?IS SUPPOSITION4 ,SLEEP \<T1 ACCORD+ TO ?IS S*EME1 TO CEASE ( ITSELF AFT] ! EXPIRATION ( A C]TA9 T]M1 BUT TO BE 9CAPABLE ( 9T]RUPTION FROM ANY EXP]IM5T ,I MI<T MAKE UPON ! SLEEP]4 ,TO :AT PURPOSE CALL OR %AKE HIM8 ,?IS ACT EV9CES MY KN[L$GE1 & ITS SUCCESS ! TRU? ( MY KN[L$GE1 ?AT HE IS 9 A /ATE SUSCEPTIBLE ( IMPRESSION4 ,BUT1 IF SUSCEPTIBLE ( IMPRESSION1 !N IMPRESS$1 BY B$CLO!S1 ETC4 ,%ALL WE SAY1 '?AT IT REQUIRES AN IMPRESSION ( A C]TA9 MAGNITUDE TO EXCITE ! S5SORIUM'8 ,BUT A DOCK %ALL /RIKE 9 ! ROOM & NOT WAKE HIM1 :5 A VOICE ( A MU* L[] KEY PRODUCES ?AT EFFECT4 ,:AT IS ! PRECISE DEGREE ( MAGNITUDE NECESS>Y8 ,WE ACTUALLY F9D ! 9EFFECTUAL CALLS ?AT >E ADDRESS$ TO US1 AS WELL AS V>I\S O!R S\NDS1 OCCASIONALLY MIX+ ) \R DREAMS1 )\T \R BE+ AW>E FROM :5CE !SE NEW P]CEPTIONS >OSE4 ,?US IT APPE>S ?AT EV]Y1 ! MO/ M9UTE1 IMPRESSION ?AT IS MADE UPON \R BODIES 9 A /ATE ( SLEEP OR DELIQUIUM IS CONVEY$ TO ! M9D1 H[EV] FA9T MAY BE ITS EFFECT1 OR H[EV] IT MAY BE OV]P[]$ & SWALL[$ UP BY O!R S5SATIONS OR CIRCUM/ANCES4 

,LET IT H[EV] BE OBS]V$ ?AT ! QUE/ION :E!R ! M9D ALWAYS ?9KS IS ALTOGE!R DIFF]5T FROM ! QUE/ION1 :I* HAS SOMETIMES BE5 CONF\ND$ ) IT1 :E!R A SLEEP+ MAN ALWAYS DREAMS4 ,! >GUM5TS H]E ADDUC$ SEEM CONCLUSIVE AS TO ! FIR/ QUE/ION1 BUT !RE IS SOME REASON TO BELIEVE ?AT !RE HAVE BE5 M5 :O NEV] ONCE DREAM$ 9 ! :OLE C\RSE ( !IR LIVES4 

,TO APPLY !SE OBS]VATIONS4 ,IF A NUMB] ( IMPRESSIONS ACT+ UPON ! M9D MAY COME TO US SO BL5D$ AS TO MAKE UP ONE ?\<T OR P]CEPTION1 :Y MAY NOT ONE ?\<T1 9 CASES :]E ! M9D ACTS AS A PR9CIPLE1 PRODUCE A V>IETY ( MOTIONS8 ,IT HAS ALREADY BE5 %[N ?AT !RE IS NO ESS5TIAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! TWO CASES4 ,! M9D IS COMPLETELY PASSIVE 9 BO?4 ,IS !RE ANY SUFFICI5T REASON TO %[ ?AT1 ?\< IT BE POSSIBLE = ONE SUB/ANCE1 CONSID]$ AS ! RECIPI5T ( EFFECTS1 TO BE ! SUBJECT ( A V>IETY ( SIMULTANE\S IMPRESSIONS1 YET IT IS IMPOSSIBLE = ONE SUB/ANCE1 CONSID]$ AS A CAUSE1 TO PRODUCE A V>IETY ( SIMULTANE\S MOTIONS8 ,IF IT BE GRANT$ ?AT !RE IS NOT1 IF ! M]E MODIFICATION ( A ?\<T DESIGN+ A MOTION 9 *IEF 7A CRY1 = EXAMPLE1 OR A MOTION ( ! LIMBS71 MAY PRODUCE A SECOND>Y MOTION1 !N IT MU/ P]HAPS FUR!R BE CONFESS$ POSSIBLE = ?AT MODIFICATION :I* MY FIR/ ?\<T PRODUC$ 9 MY SECOND TO C>RY ON ! MOTION1 EV5 ?\< ! SECOND ?\<T BE UPON A SUBJECT ALTOGE!R DIFF]5T4 

,! CONSEQU5CES :I* SEEM D$UCIBLE FROM ?IS !ORY ( M9D >E SUFFICI5TLY MEMORABLE4 ,BY %[+ ! EXTREME SUBTLETY & SIMPLICITY ( ?\<T1 IT REMOVES MANY ( ! DIFFICULTIES ?AT MI<T O!RWISE RE/ UPON ITS F9] & MORE EVANESC5T OP]ATIONS4 ,IF ?\<T1 9 ORD] TO BE ! S\RCE ( ANIMAL MOTION1 NE$ NOT HAVE EI!R ! NATURE ( VOLITION1 OR ! CONCOMITANT ( CONSCI\SNESS1 & IF A S+LE ?\<T MAY BECOME A COMPLEX S\RCE1 & PRODUCE A V>IETY ( MOTIONS1 IT WILL !N BECOME EXCE$+LY DIFFICULT TO TRACE ITS OP]ATIONS1 OR TO DISCOV] ANY CIRCUM/ANCES 9 A P>TICUL> 9/ANCE ( ANIMAL MOTION :I* CAN SUFFICI5TLY 9DICATE ?AT ?\<T WAS NOT ! PR9CIPLE ( ITS PRODUCTION1 & BY ?AT MEANS SUP]S$E ! =CE ( ! G5]AL >GUM5TS ADDUC$ 9 ! BEG9N+ ( ?IS *APT]4 ,H5CE !RE=E IT APPE>S ?AT ALL ?OSE MOTIONS :I* >E OBS]V$ TO EXI/ 9 SUB/ANCES HAV+ P]CEPTION1 & :I* >E NOT TO BE DISCOV]$ 9 SUB/ANCES ( ANY O!R SPECIES1 MAY REASONABLY BE SUSPECT$ TO HAVE ?\<T1 ! DI/+UI%+ PECULI>ITY ( SU* SUB/ANCES1 = !IR S\RCE4 

,!RE >E V>I\S CLASSES ( MOTION :I* WILL FALL UND] ?IS DEF9ITION1 BESIDE ?OSE ALREADY 5UM]AT$4 ,AN EXAMPLE ( ONE ( !SE CLASSES SUGGE/S ITSELF 9 ! PH5OM5ON ( WALK+4 ,AN ATT5TIVE OBS]V] WILL P]CEIVE V>I\S SYMPTOMS CALCULAT$ TO P]SUADE HIM ?AT EV]Y /EP HE TAKES1 DUR+ ! LONGE/ J\RNEY1 IS ! PRODUCTION ( ?\<T4 ,WALK+ IS1 9 ALL CASES1 ORIG9ALLY A VOLUNT>Y MOTION4 ,9 A *ILD1 :5 HE LE>NS TO WALK1 9 A ROPE-DANC]1 :5 HE BEG9S TO PRACTICE ?AT P>TICUL> EX]CISE1 ! DI/9CT DET]M9ATION ( M9D1 PREC$+ EA* /EP1 IS SUFFICI5TLY P]CEPTIBLE4 ,IT MAY BE ABSURD TO SAY ?AT A LONG S]IES ( MOTIONS CAN BE ! RESULT ( SO MANY EXPRESS VOLITIONS1 :5 !SE SUPPOS$ VOLITIONS LEAVE NO TRACE 9 ! MEMORY4 ,BUT IT IS NOT UNREASONABLE TO BELIEVE ?AT A SPECIES ( MOTION :I* BEGAN 9 EXPRESS DESIGN MAY1 ?\< IT CEASES TO BE ! SUBJECT ( CONSCI\S ATT5TION1 [E ITS CONT9UANCE TO A CONT9U$ S]IES ( ?\<TS FL[+ 9 ?AT DIRECTION1 & ?AT1 IF LIFE W]E TAK5 AWAY1 MAT]IAL IMPULSE W\LD NOT C>RY ON ! EX]CISE = A MOM5T4 ,WE ACTUALLY F9D ?AT1 :5 \R ?\<TS 9 A TRA9 >E MORE ?AN COMMONLY E>NE/1 \R PACE SLACK5S1 & SOMETIMES \R GO+ =W>D IS :OLLY SUSP5D$1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ANY LESS COMMON SPECIES ( WALK+1 SU* AS ?AT ( DESC5D+ A FLI<T ( /AIRS4 ,9 ASC5D+ ! CASE IS /ILL MORE DIFFICULT1 & ACCORD+LY WE >E ACCU/OM$ :OLLY TO SUSP5D ! REGUL> PROGRESS ( REFLECTION DUR+ ?AT OP]ATION4 

,ANO!R CLASS ( MOTIONS ( A /ILL SUBTL] NATURE >E ! REGUL> MOTIONS ( ! ANIMAL ECONOMY1 SU* AS ! CIRCULATION ( ! BLOOD1 & ! PULSATION ( ! HE>T4 ,>E ?\<T & P]CEPTION ! M$IUM ( !SE MOTIONS8 ,WE HAVE ! SAME >GUM5T H]E AS 9 ! =M] 9/ANCES1 CONJUNCTION ( EV5T4 ,:5 ?\<T BEG9S1 !SE MOTIONS ALSO BEG92 &1 :5 IT CEASES1 !Y >E AT AN 5D4 ,!Y >E !RE=E EI!R ! CAUSE OR EFFECT ( P]CIPI5CY1 OR M9D2 BUT WE %ALL BE 9CL9$ TO EMBRACE ! LATT] SIDE ( ?IS DILEMMA :5 WE RECOLLECT ?AT WE >E PROBABLY ACQUA9T$ ) MANY 9/ANCES 9 :I* ?\<T IS ! IMM$IATE CAUSE ( MOTIONS1 :I* SC>CELY YIELD 9 SUBTLETY TO !SE2 BUT ?AT1 AS TO ! ORIG9 ( ! FACULTY ( ?\<T1 WE >E :OLLY UN9=M$4 ,ADD TO ?IS ?AT !RE >E PROBABLY NO MOTIONS ( ! ANIMAL ECONOMY :I* WE DO NOT F9D IT 9 ! P[] ( VOLITION1 & /ILL MORE ( \R 9VOLUNT>Y S5SATIONS1 TO HA/5 OR RET>D4 

,IT IS F> FROM C]TA9 ?AT ! PH5OM5ON ( MOTION CAN ANY:]E EXI/ :]E !RE IS NOT ?\<T4 ,MOTION MAY BE DI/RIBUT$ 9TO F\R CLASSES2 ! SIMPL] MOTIONS1 :I* RESULT FROM :AT >E CALL$ ! ESS5TIAL PROP]TIES ( MATT]1 & ! LAWS ( IMPULSE2 ! MORE COMPLEX ONES1 :I* CANNOT BE ACC\NT$ = BY ! ASSUMPTION ( !SE LAWS2 SU* AS GRAVITATION1 ELA/ICITY1 ELECTRICITY & MAGNETISM1 ! MOTIONS ( ! VEGETABLE1 & ( ! ANIMAL SY/EMS4 ,EA* ( !SE SEEMS FUR!R ?AN ?AT :I* PREC$$ IT1 FROM BE+ ACC\NT$ = BY ANY?+ WE UND]/& ( ! NATURE ( MATT]4 

,SOME LI<T MAY BE D]IV$ FROM :AT HAS BE5 H]E ADVANC$1 UPON ! PH5OM5ON ( DREAMS4 ',9 SLEEP WE SOMETIMES IMAG9E1' = EXAMPLE1 '?AT WE READ LONG PASSAGES FROM BOOKS1 OR HE> A LONG ORATION FROM A SPEAK]4 ,9 ALL CASES1 SC5ES & 9CID5TS PASS BE=E US ?AT1 9 V>I\S WAYS1 EXCITE \R PASSIONS1 & 9T]E/ \R FEEL+S4 ,IS IT POSSIBLE ?AT !SE %\LD BE ! UNCONSCI\S PRODUCTION ( \R [N M9DS8' 

,IT HAS ALREADY APPE>$ ?AT VOLITION IS ! ACCID5TAL1 & BY NO MEANS ! NECESS>Y CONCOMITANT1 EV5 ( ?OSE ?\<TS :I* >E MO/ ACTIVE & EFFICI5T 9 ! PRODUC+ ( MOTION4 ,IT IS !RE=E NO MORE TO BE WOND]$ AT ?AT ! M9D %\LD BE BUSI$ 9 ! COMPOSITION ( BOOKS1 :I* IT APPE>S TO READ1 ?AN ?AT A TRA9 ( ?\<TS ( ANY O!R K9D %\LD PASS ?R\< IT1 )\T A CONSCI\SNESS ( ITS BE+ ! AU?OR4 ,9 FACT WE P]PETUALLY ANNEX ]RONE\S IDEAS TO ?IS PHRASE1 ?AT WE >E ! AU?ORS4 ,?\< M9D BE A REAL & PROP] ANTEC$5T1 IT IS 9 NO CASE A FIR/ CAUSE1 A ?+ 9DE$ ( :I* WE HAVE 9 NO CASE ANY EXP]IM5TAL KN[L$GE4 ,?\<T IS ! M$IUM ?R\< :I* OP]ATIONS >E PRODUC$4 ,IDEAS SUCCE$ EA* O!R 9 \R S5SORIUM ACCORD+ TO C]TA9 NECESS>Y LAWS4 ,! MO/ P[]FUL IMPRESSION1 EI!R FROM )\T OR )91 CON/ANTLY GETS ! BETT] ( ITS COMPETITORS1 & =CIBLY DRIVES \T ! PREC$+ ?\<T1 TILL IT IS 9 ! SAME IRRESI/IBLE MANN] DRIV5 \T BY ITS SUCCESSOR4 

,FOOTNOTES 

  

#a,! ABOVE WILL BE F\ND TO BE A TOL]ABLY ACCURATE DESCRIPTION ( ! HYPO!SIS ( ! CELEBRAT$ ,H>TLEY4 ,IT WAS UNNECESS>Y TO QUOTE HIS WORDS1 AS IT W\LD BE =EIGN TO ! PURPOSE ( ! PRES5T WORK TO 5T] 9TO A REFUTATION ( ANY 9DIVIDUAL WRIT]4 ,! SAGACITY ( ,H>TLEY1 9 HAV+ >RANG$ & ANALYZ$ ! PH5OM5A ( M9D1 & %[N ! PRACTICABILITY ( R$UC+ ITS DIFF]5T OP]ATIONS TO A SIMPLE PR9CIPLE1 CANNOT BE TOO HI<LY APPLAUD$4 ,! REASON+S ( ! PRES5T *APT]1 IF JU/1 MAY BE CONSID]$ AS GIV+ F>!R /ABILITY TO HIS PR9CIPAL DOCTR9E1 BY FREE+ IT FROM ! S*EME ( MAT]IAL AUTOMATISM ) :I* IT WAS UNNECESS>ILY CLOGG$4 

,BOOK ,I,V1 ,*AP4 ,V,I,I4 

#c,BOOK ,I,V1 ,*AP4 ,V,I,I4 

#d,BOOK ,I1 ,*AP4 ,V4 

#e,AN ATTEMPT HAS BE5 MADE TO CALCULATE 
!SE1 BUT !RE IS NO REASON TO BELIEVE ?AT ! CALCULATION DES]VES 
TO BE CONSID]$ AS A /&>D ( TRU?4 ,S5SATIONS LEAVE !IR IMAGES 
BEH9D !M1 SOME = A LONG] & SOME = A %ORT] TIME2 SO ?AT1 9 
TWO DIFF]5T 9/ANCES1 ! CALCULATION IS 9 ONE CASE EI<T1 & 9 
ANO!R ?REE HUNDR$ & TW5TY TO A SECOND4 ,SEE ,WATSON ON ,TIME1 ,*4 
#a#a4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #agib 3 ,BOOK #d1 ,*APT] #i -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#f1 #bag 3 ,BOOK #d1 ,*APT] #i -- ,ADD$4 

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