,9TRODUCTION 

#agifagif 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT 

,TEXT 3 

,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT WAS BORN ON ! #b#g? ( ,APRIL1 #a#g#e#i4  ,H] FA!R--A QUICK-TEMP]$ & UNSETTL$ MAN1 CAPABLE ( BEAT+ WIFE1 OR *ILD1 OR DOG--WAS ! SON ( A MANUFACTUR] :O MADE MONEY 9 ,SPITALFIELDS1 :5 ,SPITALFIELDS WAS PROSP]\S4  ,H] MO!R WAS A RIGOR\S ,IRI%WOMAN1 ( ! ,DIXONS ( ,BALLY%ANNON4  ,$W>D ,JOHN ,WOLL/ONECRAFT--( :OSE *ILDR51 BESIDES ,M>Y1 ! SECOND *ILD1 ?REE SONS & TWO DAU<T]S LIV$ TO BE M5 & WOM5--9 C\RSE ( ! GOT RID ( AB\T T5 ?\S& P\NDS1 :I* HAD BE5 LEFT HIM BY HIS FA!R4  ,HE BEGAN TO GET RID ( IT BY F>M+4  ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT'S FIR/-REMEMB]$ HOME WAS 9 A F>M AT ,EPP+4  ,:5 %E WAS FIVE YE>S OLD ! FAMILY MOV$ TO ANO!R F>M1 BY ! ,*ELMS=D ,ROAD4  ,:5 %E WAS BETWE5 SIX & SEV5 YE>S OLD !Y MOV$ AGA91 TO ! NEI<BORHOOD ( ,B>K+4  ,!RE !Y REMA9$ ?REE YE>S BE=E ! NEXT MOVE1 :I* WAS TO A F>M NE> ,BEV]LEY1 9 ,YORK%IRE4  ,9 ,YORK%IRE !Y REMA9$ SIX YE>S1 & ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT HAD !RE :AT $UCATION FELL TO H] LOT BETWE5 ! AGES ( T5 & SIXTE54  ,$W>D ,JOHN ,WOLL/ONECRAFT !N GAVE UP F>M+ TO V5TURE UPON A COMM]CIAL SPECULATION4  ,?IS CAUS$ HIM TO LIVE = A YE> & A HALF AT ,QUE5'S ,R[1 ,HOXTON4  ,HIS DAU<T] ,M>Y WAS !N SIXTE52 & :ILE AT ,HOXTON %E HAD H] $UCATION ADVANC$ BY ! FRI5DLY C>E ( A DE=M$ CL]GYMAN--A ,MR4 ,CL>E--:O LIV$ NEXT DOOR1 & /AY$ SO MU* AT HOME ?AT HIS ONE PAIR ( %OES HAD LA/$ HIM = F\RTE5 YE>S4 

,BUT ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT'S *IEF FRI5D AT ?IS TIME WAS AN ACCOMPLI%$ GIRL ONLY TWO YE>S OLD] ?AN H]SELF1 :O MA9TA9$ H] FA!R1 MO!R1 & FAMILY BY SKILL 9 DRAW+4  ,H] NAME WAS ,FRANCES ,BLOOD1 & %E ESPECIALLY1 BY H] EXAMPLE & DIRECT 9/RUCTION1 DREW \T H] Y\NG FRI5D'S P[]S4  ,9 #a#g#g#f1 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT'S FA!R1 A ROLL+ /ONE1 ROLL$ 9TO ,WALES4  ,AGA9 HE WAS A F>M]4  ,NEXT YE> AGA9 HE WAS A ,LONDON]2 & ,M>Y HAD 9FLU5CE 5\< TO P]SUADE HIM TO *OOSE A H\SE AT ,WALWOR?1 :]E %E W\LD BE NE> TO H] FRI5D ,FANNY4  ,!N1 H[EV]1 ! CONDITIONS ( H] HOME LIFE CAUS$ H] TO BE (T5 ON ! PO9T ( GO+ AWAY TO E>N A LIV+ = H]SELF4  ,9 #a#g#g#h1 :5 %E WAS N9ETE51 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT DID LEAVE HOME1 TO TAKE A SITUATION AS COMPANION ) A RI* TRADESMAN'S WID[ AT ,BA?1 ( :OM IT WAS SAID ?AT NONE ( H] COMPANIONS C\LD /AY ) H]4  ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT1 NEV]!LESS1 /AY$ TWO YE>S ) ! DIFFICULT WID[1 & MADE H]SELF RESPECT$4  ,H] MO!R'S FAIL+ HEAL? !N CAUS$ ,M>Y TO RETURN TO H]4  ,! FA!R WAS !N LIV+ AT ,5FIELD1 & TRY+ TO SAVE ! SMALL REMA9D] ( HIS MEANS BY NOT V5TUR+ UPON ANY BUS9ESS AT ALL4  ,! MO!R DI$ AFT] LONG SUFF]+1 :OLLY DEP5D5T ON H] DAU<T] ,M>Y'S CON/ANT C>E4  ,! MO!R'S LA/ WORDS W]E (T5 QUOT$ BY ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT 9 H] [N LA/ YE>S ( DI/RESS--0,A LITTLE PATI5CE1 & ALL WILL BE OV]40 

,AFT] ! MO!R'S DEA?1 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT LEFT HOME AGA91 TO LIVE ) H] FRI5D1 ,FANNY ,BLOOD1 :O WAS AT ,WALHAM ,GRE54  ,9 #a<b %E W5T TO NURSE A M>RI$ SI/] ?R\< A DANG]\S ILLNESS4  ,! FA!R'S NE$ ( SUPPORT NEXT PRESS$ UPON H]4  ,HE HAD SP5T NOT ONLY HIS [N MONEY1 BUT ALSO ! LITTLE ?AT HAD BE5 SPECIALLY RES]V$ = HIS *ILDR54  ,IT IS SAID TO BE ! PRIVILEGE ( A PASSIONATE MAN ?AT HE ALWAYS GETS :AT HE WANTS2 HE GETS TO BE AVOID$1 & !Y NEV] F9D A CONV5I5T CORN] ( !IR [N :O %UT !MSELVES \T FROM ! K9DLY FELL[%IP ( LIFE4 

,9 #a<c ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT--AG$ TW5TY-F\R--) TWO ( H] SI/]S1 JO9$ ,FANNY ,BLOOD 9 SETT+ UP A DAY S*OOL AT ,ISL+TON1 :I* WAS REMOV$ 9 A FEW MON?S TO ,NEW+TON ,GRE54  ,E>LY 9 #a<e ,FANNY ,BLOOD1 F> GONE 9 CONSUMPTION1 SAIL$ = ,LISBON TO M>RY AN ,IRI% SURGEON :O WAS SETTL$ !RE4  ,AFT] H] M>RIAGE IT WAS EVID5T ?AT %E HAD BUT A FEW MON?S TO LIVE2 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT1 DEAF TO ALL OPPOS+ C\NSEL1 !N LEFT H] S*OOL1 &1 ) HELP ( MONEY FROM A FRI5DLY WOMAN1 %E W5T \T TO NURSE H]1 & WAS BY H] :5 %E DI$4  ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT REMEMB]$ H] LOSS T5 YE>S AFT]W>DS 9 !SE 0,LETT]S FROM ,SW$5 & ,NORWAY10 :5 %E WROTE3 0,! GRAVE HAS CLOS$ OV] A DE> FRI5D1 ! FRI5D ( MY Y\?2 /ILL %E IS PRES5T ) ME1 & ,I HE> H] S(T VOICE W>BL+ AS ,I /RAY OV] ! HEA?40 

,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT LEFT ,LISBON = ,5GL& LATE 9 ,DECEMB]1 #a#g#h#e4  ,:5 %E CAME BACK %E F\ND ,FANNY'S POOR P>5TS ANXI\S TO GO BACK TO ,IREL&2 & AS %E HAD BE5 (T5 TOLD ?AT %E C\LD E>N BY WRIT+1 %E WROTE A PAMPHLET ( #afb SMALL PAGES--0,?\<TS ON ! ,$UCATION ( ,DAU<T]S0--& GOT T5 P\NDS = IT4  ,?IS %E GAVE TO H] FRI5D'S P>5TS TO 5ABLE !M TO GO BACK TO !IR K9DR$4  ,9 ALL %E DID !RE IS CLE> EVID5CE ( AN >D5T1 G5]\S1 IMPULSIVE NATURE4  ,ONE DAY H] FRI5D ,FANNY ,BLOOD HAD REP9$ AT ! UNHAPPY SURR\ND+S 9 ! HOME %E WAS MA9TA9+ = H] FA!R & MO!R1 & LONG$ = A LITTLE HOME ( H] [N TO DO H] WORK 94  ,H] FRI5D QUIETLY F\ND ROOMS1 GOT FURNITURE TOGE!R1 & TOLD H] ?AT H] LITTLE HOME WAS READY2 %E HAD ONLY TO WALK 9TO IT4  ,!N IT SEEM$ /RANGE TO ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT ?AT ,FANNY ,BLOOD WAS )HELD BY ?\<TS ?AT HAD NOT BE5 UPP]MO/ 9 ! MOOD ( COMPLA9T4  ,%E ?\<T H] FRI5D IRRESOLUTE1 :]E %E HAD H]SELF BE5 G5]\SLY RA%4  ,H] 5D W\LD HAVE BE5 HAPPI] HAD %E BE5 HELP$1 AS MANY >E1 BY ?AT CALM 9FLU5CE ( HOME 9 :I* SOME KN[L$GE ( ! WORLD PASSES FROM FA!R & MO!R TO SON & DAU<T]1 )\T VISIBLE TEA*+ & PREA*+1 9 EASIE/ COMPANION%IP ( Y\NG & OLD FROM DAY TO DAY4 

,! LITTLE PAYM5T = H] PAMPHLET ON ! 0,$UCATION ( ,DAU<T]S0 CAUS$ ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT TO ?9K MORE S]I\SLY ( E>N+ BY H] P54  ,! PAMPHLET SEEMS ALSO TO HAVE ADVANC$ H] CR$IT AS A TEA*]4  ,AFT] GIV+ UP H] DAY S*OOL1 %E SP5T SOME WEEKS AT ,ETON ) ! ,REV4 ,MR4 ,PRIOR1 ONE ( ! MA/]S !RE1 :O RECOMM5D$ H] AS GOV]NESS TO ! DAU<T]S ( ,LORD ,K+SBOR\<1 AN ,IRI% VISC\NT1 ELDE/ SON ( ! ,E>L ( ,K+/ON4  ,H] WAY ( TEA*+ WAS BY W9N+ LOVE1 & %E OBTA9$ ! W>M AFFECTION ( ! ELDE/ ( H] PUPILS1 :O BECAME AFT]W>DS ,C\NTESS ,M\NT-,CA%EL4  ,9 ! SUMM] ( #a#g#h#g1 ,LORD ,K+SBOR\<'S FAMILY1 9CLUD+ ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT1 WAS AT ,BRI/OL ,HOT-WELLS1 BE=E GO+ TO ! ,CONT95T4  ,:ILE !RE1 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT WROTE H] LITTLE TALE PUBLI%$ AS 0,M>Y1 A ,FICTION10 :]E9 !RE WAS MU* BAS$ ON ! MEMORY ( H] [N FRI5D%IP = ,FANNY ,BLOOD4 

,! PUBLI%] ( ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT'S 0,?\<TS ON ! ,$UCATION ( ,DAU<T]S0 WAS ! SAME ,JOSEPH ,JOHNSON :O 9 #a<e WAS ! PUBLI%] ( ,C[P]'S 0,TASK40  ,) H] LITTLE /ORY WRITT5 & A LITTLE MONEY SAV$1 ! RESOLVE TO LIVE BY H] P5 C\LD N[ BE C>RI$ \T4  ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT1 !RE=E1 P>T$ FROM H] FRI5DS AT ,BRI/OL1 W5T TO ,LONDON1 SAW H] PUBLI%]1 & FRANKLY TOLD HIM H] DET]M9ATION4  ,HE MET H] ) FA!RLY K9DNESS1 & RECEIV$ H] AS A GUE/ 9 HIS H\SE :ILE %E WAS MAK+ H] >RANGEM5TS4  ,AT ,MI*AELMAS1 #a#g#h#g1 %E SETTL$ 9 A H\SE 9 ,GEORGE ,/REET1 ON ! ,SURREY SIDE ( ,BLACKFRI>S ,BRIDGE4  ,!RE %E PRODUC$ A LITTLE BOOK = *ILDR51 ( 0,ORIG9AL ,/ORIES FROM ,REAL ,LIFE10 & E>N$ BY DRUDG]Y = ,JOSEPH ,JOHNSON4  ,%E TRANSLAT$1 %E ABRIDG$1 %E MADE A VOLUME ( ,SELECTIONS1 & %E WROTE = AN 0,ANALYTICAL ,REVIEW10 :I* ,MR4 ,JOHNSON F\ND$ 9 ! MIDDLE ( ! YE> #a#g#h#h4  ,AMONG ! BOOKS TRANSLAT$ BY H] WAS ,NECK] 0,ON ! ,IMPORTANCE ( ,RELIGI\S ,OP9IONS40  ,AMONG ! BOOKS ABRIDG$ BY H] WAS ,SALZMANN'S 0,ELEM5TS ( ,MORALITY40  ,) ALL ?IS H>D WORK %E LIV$ AS SP>ELY AS %E C\LD1 ?AT %E MI<T HELP H] FAMILY4  ,%E SUPPORT$ H] FA!R4  ,?AT %E MI<T 5ABLE H] SI/]S TO E>N !IR LIV+ AS TEA*]S1 %E S5T ONE ( !M TO ,P>IS1 & MA9TA9$ H] !RE = TWO YE>S2 ! O!R %E PLAC$ 9 A S*OOL NE> ,LONDON AS P>LOR-BO>D] UNTIL %E WAS ADMITT$ 9TO IT AS A PAID TEA*]4  ,%E PLAC$ ONE BRO!R AT ,WOOLWI* TO QUALIFY = ! ,NAVY1 & HE OBTA9$ A LIEUT5ANT'S COMMISSION4  ,= ANO!R BRO!R1 >TICL$ TO AN ATTORNEY :OM HE DID NOT LIKE1 %E OBTA9$ A TRANSF] ( 9D5TURES2 & :5 IT BECAME CLE> ?AT HIS QU>REL WAS MORE ) LAW ?AN ) ! LAWY]S1 %E PLAC$ HIM ) A F>M] BE=E FITT+ HIM \T = EMIGRATION TO ,AM]ICA4  ,%E !N S5T HIM1 SO WELL PREP>$ = HIS WORK !RE ?AT HE PROSP]$ WELL4  ,%E TRI$ EV5 TO DIS5TANGLE H] FA!R'S AFFAIRS2 BUT ! CONFUSION 9 !M WAS BEYOND H] P[]S ( >RANGEM5T4  ,ADD$ TO ALL ?IS FAI?FUL WORK1 %E TOOK UPON H]SELF ! *>GE ( AN ORPHAN *ILD1 SEV5 YE>S OLD1 :OSE MO!R HAD BE5 9 ! NUMB] ( H] FRI5DS4  ,?AT WAS ! LIFE ( ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT1 ?IRTY YE>S OLD1 9 #a#g#h#i1 ! YE> ( ! ,FALL ( ! ,BA/ILLE2 ! NOBLE LIFE N[ TO BE T\*$ 9 ITS 5?USIASMS BY ! SPIRIT ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 TO BE CAU<T 9 ! GREAT /ORM1 %ATT]$1 & LO/ AMONG ITS WRECKS4 

,TO ,BURKE'S ATTACK ON ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT WROTE AN ,ANSW]--ONE ( MANY ANSW]S PROVOK$ BY IT--?AT ATTRACT$ MU* ATT5TION4  ,?IS WAS FOLL[$ BY H] 0,V9DICATION ( ! ,RI<TS ( ,WOMAN10 :ILE ! AIR WAS FULL ( DECLAMATION ON ! 0,RI<TS ( ,MAN40  ,! CLAIMS MADE 9 ?IS LITTLE BOOK W]E 9 ADVANCE ( ! OP9ION ( ?AT DAY1 BUT !Y >E CLAIMS ?AT HAVE 9 \R DAY BE5 CONC$$4  ,!Y >E C]TA9LY NOT REVOLUTION>Y 9 ! OP9ION ( ! WORLD ?AT HAS BECOME A HUNDR$ YE>S OLD] S9CE ! BOOK WAS WRITT54 

,AT ?IS ! ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT HAD MOV$ TO ROOMS 9 ,/ORE ,/REET1 ,B$=D ,SQU>E4  ,%E WAS FASC9AT$ BY ,FUSELI ! PA9T]1 & HE WAS A M>RI$ MAN4  ,%E FELT H]SELF TO BE TOO /RONGLY DRAWN T[>DS HIM1 & %E W5T TO ,P>IS AT ! CLOSE ( ! YE> #a#g#i#b1 TO BREAK ! SPELL4  ,%E FELT LONELY & SAD1 & WAS NOT ! HAPPI] = BE+ 9 A MANSION L5T TO H]1 FROM :I* ! [N] WAS AWAY1 & 9 :I* %E LIV$ SURR\ND$ BY HIS S]VANTS4  ,/RONG WOMANLY 9/9CTS W]E A/IR )9 H]1 & !Y W]E NOT ALL WISE FOLK :O HAD BE5 DRAWN >\ND H] BY H] G5]\S 5?USIASM = ! NEW HOPES ( ! WORLD1 ?AT MADE IT !N1 AS ,WORDSWOR? FELT1 A V]Y HEAV5 TO ! Y\NG4 

,F\R MON?S AFT] %E HAD GONE TO ,P>IS1 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT MET AT ! H\SE ( A M]*ANT1 ) :OSE WIFE %E HAD BECOME 9TIMATE1 AN ,AM]ICAN NAM$ ,GILB]T ,IMLAY4  ,HE WON H] AFFECTIONS4  ,?AT WAS 9 ,APRIL1 #a#g#i#c4  ,HE HAD NO MEANS1 & %E HAD HOME EMB>RASSM5TS1 = :I* %E WAS UNWILL+ ?AT HE %\LD BECOME 9 ANY WAY RESPONSIBLE4  ,A P>T ( ! NEW DREAM 9 SOME M9DS !N WAS ( A LOVE TOO PURE TO NE$ OR BE> ! BONDAGE ( AU?ORITY4  ,! M]E =C$ UNION ( M>RIAGE TIES IMPLI$1 IT WAS SAID1 A DI/RU/ ( FIDELITY4  ,:5 ,GILB]T ,IMLAY W\LD HAVE M>RI$ ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT1 %E H]SELF REFUS$ TO B9D HIM2 %E W\LD KEEP HIM LEGALLY EXEMPT FROM H] RESPONSIBILITIES T[>DS ! FA!R1 SI/]S1 BRO!RS1 :OM %E WAS SUPPORT+4  ,%E TOOK HIS NAME & CALL$ H]SELF HIS WIFE1 :5 ! ,FR5* ,CONV5TION1 9DIGNANT AT ! CONDUCT ( ! ,BRITI% ,GOV]NM5T1 ISSUE A DECREE FROM ! EFFECTS ( :I* %E W\LD ESCAPE AS ! WIFE ( A CITIZ5 ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4  ,BUT %E DID NOT M>RY4  ,%E WITNESS$ MANY ( ! HORRORS ?AT CAME ( ! LOOS5$ PASSIONS ( AN UNTAU<T POPULACE4  ,A *ILD WAS BORN TO H]--A GIRL :OM %E NAM$ AFT] ! DEAD FRI5D ( H] [N GIRLHOOD4  ,& !N %E F\ND ?AT %E HAD LEANT UPON A RE$4  ,%E WAS NEGLECT$2 & WAS AT LA/ =SAK54  ,HAV+ S5T H] TO ,LONDON1 ,IMLAY !RE VISIT$ H]1 TO EXPLA9 HIMSELF AWAY4  ,%E RESOLV$ ON SUICIDE1 & 9 DISSUAD+ H] FROM ?AT HE GAVE H] HOPE AGA94  ,HE NE$$ SOMEBODY :O HAD GOOD JUDGM5T1 & :O C>$ = HIS 9T]E/S1 TO REPRES5T HIM 9 SOME BUS9ESS AFFAIRS 9 ,NORWAY4  ,%E UND]TOOK TO ACT = HIM1 & SET \T ON ! VOYAGE ONLY A WEEK AFT] %E HAD DET]M9$ TO DE/ROY H]SELF4 

,! 9T]E/ ( ?IS BOOK :I* DESCRIBES H] TRAVEL IS QUICK5$ BY A KN[L$GE ( ! HE>T-SORR[ ?AT UND]LIES IT ALL4  ,GILB]T ,IMLAY HAD PROMIS$ TO MEET H] UPON H] RETURN1 & GO ) H] TO ,SWITZ]L&4  ,BUT ! LETT]S %E HAD FROM HIM 9 ,SW$5 & ,NORWAY W]E COLD1 & %E CAME BACK TO F9D ?AT %E WAS :OLLY =SAK5 = AN ACTRESS FROM A /ROLL+ COMPANY ( PLAY]S4  ,!N %E W5T UP ! RIV] TO DR[N H]SELF4  ,%E PAC$ ! ROAD AT ,PUTNEY ON AN ,OCTOB] NI<T1 9 #a#g#i#e1 9 HEAVY RA91 UNTIL H] CLO!S W]E DR5*$1 ?AT %E MI<T S9K MORE SURELY1 & !N ?REW H]SELF FROM ! TOP ( ,PUTNEY ,BRIDGE4 

,%E WAS RESCU$1 & LIV$ ON ) DEAD5$ SPIRIT4  ,9 #agif !SE 0,LETT]S FROM ,SW$5 & ,NORWAY0 W]E PUBLI%$4  ,E>LY 9 #agig %E WAS M>RI$ TO ,WILLIAM ,GODW94  ,ON ! #a? ( ,SEPTEMB] 9 ! SAME YE>1 AT ! AGE ( ?IRTY-EI<T1 ,M>Y ,WOLL/ONECRAFT ,GODW9 DI$1 AFT] ! BIR? ( ! DAU<T] :O LIV$ TO BECOME ! WIFE ( ,%ELLEY4  ,! MO!R ALSO W\LD HAVE LIV$1 IF A WOMANLY FEEL+1 9 ITSELF TO BE RESPECT$1 HAD NOT L$ H] ALSO TO UNWISE DEP>TURE FROM ! CU/OMS ( ! WORLD4  ,PEACE BE TO H] MEMORY4  ,NONE BUT K9D ?\<TS CAN DWELL UPON ! LIFE ( ?IS TOO FAI?FUL DISCIPLE ( ,R\SSEAU4 

,H4 ,M4 

,C,A,S,S,E,L,L @& ,C,O,M,P,A,N,Y1 ,LIMIT$3 
LONDON1 P>IS1 NEW YORK @& MELB\RNE4 

#a#h#h#i4 

,FROM 3 ,GUT5B]G4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #agie 3 ,9TRODUCTION -- ,PUBLICATION4 

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