,WILL ! REAL ,BAKUN9 PLEASE /& UP8 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,IA9 ,MC,KAY 

,TEXT 3 

,! ,S,W,P >E AT IT AGA94 ,OBVI\SLY TRY+ TO RECRUIT FROM ! ANTI-GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T1 !Y YET AGA9 TRY TO RUBBI% AN>*ISM4 ,S9CE LIB]T>IAN IDEAS >E P]CEIV$ TO BE DOM9ANT 9 ?AT MOVEM5T1 :AT BETT] :Y TO TRY & GA9 A FOO?OLD ?AN ATTACK+ ?OSE IDEAS8 ,SADLY = ! ,S,W,P1 !Y CANNOT DO ?AT ACCURACY OR HONE/Y4 ,NOR CAN !Y DO SO ) %[+ ! BANKRUPTCY ( !IR [N IDEOLOGY4 

,9 ,SOCIALI/ ,WORK] 7#a#b ,MAY #b#a7 ,KEV9 ,OV5D5 PRODUC$ AN >TICLE CLAIM+ TO BE AB\T ,BAKUN9 5TITL$ 0,AN>*I/ F\ND]40 ,! >TICLE IS SO FLAW$ ?AT ! ONLY *>ITABLE ?+ ?AT CAN BE SAID ( IT IS ?AT AT LEA/ IT GETS ! DATES RI<T4 

,OV5D5 >GUES ?AT ,BAKUN91 9 ! PROCESS ( TAK+ P>T 9 WORK]S' /RUGGLES AGA9/ CAPITALISM1 0DEVELOP$ HIS 'AN>*I/' IDEAS0 7:Y AN>*I/ IS PLAC$ 9 QUOTATION M>KS IS LO/ ON ME74 ,HE ALSO >GUES ?AT 0AT V>I\S PO9TS S9CE HAVE BE5 HELD UP AS AN ALT]NATIVE TO ,M>XISM AS A GUIDE TO OV]?R[+ CAPITALISM40 ,AN>*ISM1 ( C\RSE1 IS AN ALT]NATIVE TO ,M>XISM4 ,H[EV]1 WE >E AN>*I/S1 NOT ,BAKUN9I/S1 & SO WE REJECT ! IDEA ( BL9DLY WOR%IP+ A P]SON4 ,BAKUN9 WAS HUMAN & MADE MI/AKES4 ,WE USE \R CRITICAL JUDGM5T & EMBRACE ! POSITIVE ASPECTS ( HIS IDEAS & REJECT ! NEGATIVE4 

,?IS MEANS ?AT G5]ALIZ+ FROM ANY FAM\S AN>*I/ OR !IR LIFE ONTO AN>*ISM AS A :OLE IS PRONE TO FAILURE4 ,H[EV]1 ?IS IS A COMMON APPROA* = ,M>XI/S4 ,BE+ UNABLE TO ATTACK AN>*ISM DIRECTLY1 !Y HAVE TO ATTACK IT 9DIRECTLY1 CONC5TRAT+ ON ! FAULTS ( 9DIVIDUAL AN>*I/S4 ,AFT] ALL1 TO >GUE AGA9/ AN>*ISM MEANS TO >GUE AGA9/ WORK+ CLASS SELF-MANAGEM5T ( SOCIETY & ?AT W\LD MEAN ,M>XI/S HAV+ TO ADMIT ?AT ! P>TY1 NOT ! WORK+ CLASS1 IS 9 *>GE4 ,?AT1 OBVI\SLY1 IS NOT SOME?+ !Y WILL+LY ADMIT TO4 ,H5CE ! COMPULSIVE NE$ TO ATTACK & MISREPRES5T 9DIVIDUAL AN>*I/S RA!R ?AN ACTUALLY COMBAT AN>*I/ ?\<T4 ,?IS IS USUALLY DONE BY MISREPRES5T+ !IR IDEAS1 QUOT+ !M \T ( CONTEXT & CONC5TRAT+ ON ! ELEM5TS ( !IR ?\<TS :I* W]E NOT TOTALLY LIB]T>IAN & :I* LATT] AN>*I/S HAVE REJECT$4 ,OV5D5'S >TICLE IS AN EXAMPLE ( ?IS TE*NIQUE4 

,OV5D5 ADMITS ?AT 0,K>L ,M>X & ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN9 HAD MU* 9 COMMON0 YET REPEATS ! USUAL ,M>XI/ MY? ?AT ,BAKUN9 0?\<T ?AT ! FACTORY WORK]S T5D$ TO BE 'CORRUPT$' BY CAPITALISM0 & ?AT HE 0LOOK$ 9/EAD TO PEASANTS & POOR CITY DWELL]S :O W]E ON ! M>G9S ( ! WORK+ CLASS40 ,OV5D5 CONTRA/S ?IS ) ,M>X1 :O 0SAW H[ ! GR[+ 9DU/RIAL WORK+ CLASS HAD ! P[] TO BR+ CAPITALISM TO A HALT40 

,?AT ?IS IS A MY? CAN QUICKLY BE SE5 FROM ,BAKUN9'S WRIT+S4 ,YES1 ,BAKUN9 DID >GUE ?AT 0! UPP] LAY]0 ( ! PROLET>IAT DID BECOME 0SEMI-B\RGEOIS40 ,M>X & ,L59 >GU$ ! SAME ?+4 ,YET ,BAKUN9 DID NOT CONSID] ALL FACTORY WORK]S TO BE 9 ?IS LAY]4 ,HE CON/ANTLY >GU$ ?AT WORK]S %\LD ORGANIZE 9T]NATIONALLY & 0=M FACTORY1 >TISAN1 & AGR>IAN SECTIONS40 ,HIS POLITICS WAS BAS$ ON WORK]S ORGANIZ+ 9TO UNIONS 7AS ,M>X HIMSELF NOT$1 ,BAKUN9 URG$ WORK]S TO 0ONLY ORGANIZE !MSELVES BY TRADES-UNIONS074 ,AS ! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S W]E A SMALL M9ORITY 9 ! ,EUROPEAN WORK+ CLASS1 ,BAKUN9 CONSID]$ IT ESS5TIAL ?AT !Y ORGANIZE ) >TISANS & PEASANTS4 

,IT IS ?IS UNION MOVEM5T ( CITY & RURAL TOIL]S ?AT HAS ! P[] TO 5D CAPITALISM4 0,ORGANIZE ! CITY PROLET>IAT10 >GU$ ,BAKUN91 09 ! NAME ( REVOLUTION>Y SOCIALISM 444 UNITE IT 9TO ONE PREP>ATORY ORGANIZATION TOGE!R ) ! PEASANTS4 ,AN UPRIS+ BY ! PROLET>IAT ALONE W\LD NOT BE 5\< 444 ,ONLY A WIDE-SWEEP+ REVOLUTION EMBRAC+ BO? ! CITY WORK]S & PEASANTS W\LD BE SUFFICI5TLY /RONG TO OV]?R[ ! ,/ATE1 BACK$ AS IT IS BY ALL ! RES\RCES ( ! POSSESS+ CLASSES40 ,! /ATE WAS 0! NATURAL PROTECTOR ( CAPITALI/S0 & SO 0POLITICAL TRANS=MATION 444 .<&.> ECONOMIC TRANS=MATION 444 MU/ BE ACCOMPLI%$ TOGE!R & SIMULTANE\SLY40 

,OV5D5 ADMITS ?IS BY FEEBLY NOT+ ?AT 0DESPITE HIS VIEWS1 ,BAKUN9 BECAME DRAWN TO WORK]S' /RUGGLES AS !Y DID 9DE$ MOVE C5T] /AGE40 ,?IS IS SIMPLY ! ACKN[L$GM5T ?AT ,BAKUN9 PLAC$ WORK]S' /RUGGLE AT ! C5T] ( HIS AN>*I/ VIEWS 7A FACT QUICKLY DISCOV]$ IF ,BAKUN9'S WORKS >E ACTUALLY READ74 

,\R ,TROTSKYI/ !N MOVES ON TO HI/ORY4 ,HE >GUES ?AT 0! GREATE/ WORK]S' /RUGGLE ( ! #a#i? C5TURY WAS ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE ( #a#h#g#a4 ,IT %[$ ! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 ,M>X & ,BAKUN9 %>PLY40 

,?IS IS MU* TRU] ?AN ! AU?OR W\LD LIKE TO ADMIT4 ,LIKE ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#a#g1 ,M>X 9ITIALLY OPPOS$ ! IDEA ( ! WORK]S RIS+ 9 /RUGGLE4 ,HE WROTE ?AT 0ANY ATTEMPT TO UPSET ! NEW GOV]NM5T 9 ! PRES5T CRISIS1 :5 ! 7,PRUSSIAN7 >MY IS ALMO/ KNOCK+ AT ! DOORS ( ,P>IS1 W\LD BE A DESP]ATE FOLLY40 ,LUCKILY = HIM 7& HIS FOLL[]S71 ! ,P>ISIAN WORK]S IGNOR$ HIS ADVICE4 ,! GREATE/ WORK]S' /RUGGLE ( ! #a#i? C5TURY W\LD NOT HAVE HAPP5$ IF ! ,P>ISIAN WORK]S HAD FOLL[$ ,M>X4 

,9 ADDITION1 ! WORK]S :O TOOK P>T 9 ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE W]E NOT ,M>X'S PROLET>IAT4 ,RA!R1 FACTORY WORK]S W]E A SMALL M9ORITY ( ! WORK=CE AT ! TIME4 ,! WORK]S' ( ,P>IS W]E PR$OM9ANTLY >TISANS 7,M>XI/ ,FRANK ,JELL9EK NOT$ ?AT 0! ,P>IS WORK]S W]E /ILL L>GELY >TISANS074 ,?IS CONFIRM$ ,BAKUN9'S IDEAS1 :O HAD >GU$ = A UNION ( ALL WORK]S -- PROLET>IAN1 >TISAN & PEASANT -- AS ! =CE TO CRU% CAPITALISM4 ,MOREOV]1 AS ,M>X HIMSELF NOT$1 !SE WORK]S W]E 9FLU5C$ BY AN>*I/ IDEAS4 ,M>X /AT$ 9 #ahff ?AT ! ,FR5* WORK]S W]E 0CORRUPT$0 BY 0,PR\DHONI/0 IDEAS1 0P>TICUL>LY ?OSE ( ,P>IS1 :O AS WORK]S 9 LUXURY TRADES >E /RONGLY ATTA*$1 )\T KN[+ IT .<6.>1 TO ! OLD RUBBI%40 ,?IS CAN BE SE5 FROM ! IDEAS ( ! ,COMMUNE1 ITS F$]ALISM & M&AT$ DELEGATES1 :I* ,PR\DHON HAD BE5 >GU+ = S9CE ! #a#h#dS 7,BAKUN9 9CORPORAT$ !SE IDEAS 9TO HIS [N POLITICS 9 ! #a#h#fS74 

,IGNOR+ !SE FACTS1 ,OV5D5 CONT9UES3 

0,! WORK+ CLASS & POOR ( ,P>IS ROSE UP ?AT YE> & MANAG$ TO HOLD ON TO ! CITY FROM #ah ,M>* TO #ba ,MAY4 ,!Y E/ABLI%$ A NEW =M ( POLITICAL P[]4 

0,DELEGATES W]E ELECT$1 BUT C\LD BE RECALL$ IMM$IATELY BY ! ELECTORATE4 ,!Y W]E PAID ! AV]AGE WORK]'S WAGE4 ,! ,COMMUNE BROKE ! OLD CAPITALI/ /ATE MA*9E & BEGAN REPLAC+ MANY ( ITS FUNCTIONS ) NEW =MS ( ORGANIZATION4 ,= ,M>X1 IT BECAME ! MODEL ( H[ WORK]S C\LD =M !IR [N POLITICAL P[]1 A WORK]S' /ATE1 & USE IT TO CRU% ! CAPITALI/S4 ,!Y C\LD !N MOVE T[>DS A SOCIETY :]E CLASS DIVISIONS W]E ABOLI%$ & PRODUCTION WAS = NE$1 NOT PR(IT40 

,IRONICALLY1 !SE EV5TS REFLECT$ ,BAKUN9'S VIEWPO9TS ALMO/ EXACTLY4 ,WRIT+ ?REE YE>S BE=E ! ,COMMUNE1 ,BAKUN9 >GU$ ?AT 0! F$]ATIVE ALLIANCE ( ALL WORK+ M5'S ASSOCIATIONS 444 .<WILL.> CON/ITUTE ! ,COMMUNE 444 .<!.> ,COMMUNAL ,C\NCIL .<WILL BE.> COMPOS$ ( 444 DELEGATES 444 VE/$ ) PL5>Y BUT ACC\NTABLE & REMOVABLE M&ATES444 ALL PROV9CES1 COMMUNES & ASSOCIATIONS 444 BY FIR/ REORGANIZ+ ON REVOLUTION>Y L9ES 444 .<WILL.> CON/ITUTE ! F$]ATION ( 9SURG5T ASSOCIATIONS1 COMMUNES & PROV9CES 444 .<&.> ORGANIZE A REVOLUTION>Y =CE CAPABLE DEFEAT+ REACTION 444 .<& =.> SELF-DEF5SE 444 .<,!.> REVOLUTION EV]Y:]E MU/ BE CREAT$ BY ! PEOPLE1 & SUPREME CONTROL MU/ ALWAYS BELONG TO ! PEOPLE ORGANIZ$ 9TO A FREE F$]ATION ( AGRICULTURAL & 9DU/RIAL ASSOCIATIONS 444 ORGANIZ$ FROM ! BOTTOM UPW>DS BY MEANS ( REVOLUTION>Y DELEGATION4440 

,! SIMIL>ITY ( ?IS VISION ) ! EV5TS ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE IS CLE>4 ,BAKUN9 CRITICIZ$ ! ,COMMUNE = ORGANIZ$ !MSELVES 09 A ,JACOB9 MANN]0 7I4E4 AS A GOV]NM5T7 RA!R ?AN AS A F$]ATION ( WORK]S' C\NCILS4 

,OV5D5 >GUES ?AT 0,M>X'S MA9 CRITICISM ( ! ,COMMUNE WAS ?AT IT DID NOT C5TRALIZE ITS P[] & USE IT TO ! FULL4 ,?AT ALL[$ ! ,FR5* /ATE TO EV5TUALLY CRU% ! ,COMMUNE1 DR[N+ IT 9 BLOOD4 ,BAKUN91 H[EV]1 TOOK A DIFF]5T VIEW40 

,9 FACT1 ,BAKUN9 HAD LONG >GU$ ?AT A REVOLUTION NE$$ TO SPREAD & CO-ORD9ATE ITS DEF5SE4 ,AS HE PUT IT1 0! F$]ATION ( 9SURG5T ASSOCIATIONS1 COMMUNES & PROV9CES 444 .<W\LD.> ORGANIZE A REVOLUTION>Y =CE CAPABLE ( DEFEAT+ REACTION 444 IT IS ! V]Y FACT ( ! EXPANSION & ORGANIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION = ! PURPOSE ( SELF-DEF5SE AMONG ! 9SURG5T >EAS ?AT WILL BR+ AB\T ! TRIUMPH ( ! REVOLUTION40 ,ISOLATION1 = ,BAKUN9 & ,M>X1 SIGNIFI$ ! DEFEAT ( ANY REVOLUTION4 ,!Y DIFF]$ ON ! ISSUE ( :E!R ?IS CO-ORD9ATION & SELF-DEF5SE W\LD BE FROM ! BOTTOM-UP 7F$]ALI/7 OR FROM ! TOP-D[N 7C5TRALI/74 ,TO /ATE O!RWISE IS SIMPLY A LIE4 

,OV5D5 /ATES ?AT ,BAKUN9 0>GU$ ?AT ! PROBLEM FAC+ ! MASS ( PEOPLE WAS NOT REALLY CAPITALISM1 BUT AU?ORITY - ANY EX]CISE ( P[] OV] O!R PEOPLE0 

,?IS1 ( C\RSE1 IS SIMPLY NONS5SE4 ,?IS IS = ?REE REASONS4 

,FIR/LY1 ,BAKUN9 >GU$ ?AT ! PROBLEM FAC+ ! MASS ( PEOPLE 7! WORK+ CLASS7 WAS TWO-FOLD -- ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION 7CAPITALISM7 & POLITICAL OPPRESSION 7GOV]NM5T74 ,! 0PROGRAM ( SOCIAL REVOLUTION0 WAS 0! TOTAL & DEF9ITIVE LIB]ATION ( ! PROLET>IAT FROM ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION & /ATE OPPRESSION0 & SO 0! ABOLITION ( ALL CLASSES0 & 0! /ATE40 ,CLE>LY1 HE >GU$ ?AT CAPITALISM WAS A PROBLEM FAC+ ! MASS ( PEOPLE4 ,TO /ATE O!RWISE IS NONS5SE4 ,H[EV]1 HE DID NOT SEE IT AS ! ONLY PROBLEM NOR DID HE DISMISS ! ISSUE ( OPPRESSION4 ,UNLIKE ,L591 HE DID NOT ?9K ?AT *ANG+ ! P]SON GIV+ ! ORD]S 5D$ 9EQUALITY 9 P[] OR OPPRESSION4 

,SECONDLY1 ,BAKUN9 CLE>LY DID NOT OPPOSE 0ALL0 AU?ORITY OR P[]4 ,HE CLE>LY DIFF]5TIAT$ BETWE5 TYPES ( AU?ORITY_/P[] 9 HIS WRIT+S4 ,AS HE PUT IT1 0DOES IT FOLL[ ?AT ,I REJECT ALL AU?ORITY8 ,P]I% ! ?\<T40 ,BAKUN9 ALWAYS ACKN[L$G$ ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 BE+ AN AU?ORITY -- AN EXP]T -- & BE+ 9 AU?ORITY1 = EXAMPLE4 ,HE ALSO RESPECT$ ! AU?ORITY 0( ! COLLECTIVE & PUBLIC SPIRIT ( A SOCIETY F\ND$ ON EQUALITY & SOLID>ITY & ! MUTUAL RESPECT ( ALL ITS MEMB]S0 AS ?IS WAS 0NATURAL & RATIONAL40 ,HE ALSO TALK$ AB\T 0! DEVELOPM5T & ORGANIZATION0 ( ! 0SOCIAL 7&1 BY CONSEQU5CE1 ANTI-POLITICAL7 P[] ( ! WORK+ MASSES0 & 0! REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION ( ! NATURAL P[] ( ! MASSES40 

,CLE>LY1 !N1 ,BAKUN9 OPPOS$ HI]>*ICAL AU?ORITY_/P[] & NOT AU?ORITY_/P[] AS SU*4 ,HE WAS 9 FAVOR ( ! P[] ( PEOPLE TO CONTROL !IR [N FATES & ! P[] REQUIR$ TO FREE !MSELVES FROM ! DOM9ATION ( O!RS4 ,?IS MEANT AN OPPOSITION TO AU?ORIT>IAN_/HI]>*ICAL /RUCTURES & A SUPPORT = SELF- MANAGEM5T 7TO USE TODAY'S T]M9OLOGY74 

,?IRDLY1 ! REASON :Y ! CAPITALI/ CAN EXPLOIT WORK]S IS SIMPLY BECAUSE !Y HAVE P[] OV] !M4 ,?AT P[]1 9 TURN1 IS DEF5D$ BY POLITICAL P[]1 ! /ATE4 ,! WORK] SELLS !IR LIB]TY TO ! CAPITALI/ & ! CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT P]MIT ?AT SPECIFIC SOCIAL RELATION%IP >E GU>ANTE$ BY ! /ATE4 ,?US AU?ORITY IS ! MEANS BY :I* CAPITALISM EXI/S1 DIRECTLY BECAUSE IT ALL[S ! EXPLOITATION ( ! WORK] & 9DIRECTLY AS ! /ATE EXI/S TO DEF5D ?IS AU?ORITY & ! PROP]TY :I* IS ITS BASE4 

,9 O!R WORDS1 CAPITALISM IS A SUB-SET ( A WID] SOCIAL PROBLEM1 NAMELY HI]>*ICAL AU?ORITY & SO CAPITALISM NE$S TO BE F\<T :ILE FI<T+ O!R =MS ( OPPRESSION & AU?ORITY4 ,AS ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION %[S1 *ANG+ ! BOSS DOES NOT 5D EXPLOITATION & OPPRESSION4 

,OV5D5 ACKN[L$GES ?IS :5 HE /ATES ?AT 0AT FIR/ GLANCE !RE DOES NOT SEEM TO BE MU* ( A DIFF]5CE40 ,HE EV5 >GUES ?AT 0ALL SOCIALI/S REJECT ! 'AU?ORITY' ( ! BOSS1 ! POLICE1 ! HEAD TEA*] & SO ON40 ,NE$LESS TO SAY1 HE FAILS TO M5TION ?AT SOCIALI/S LIKE ,L59 & ,TROTSKY APPO9T$ MANAG]S ) DICTATORIAL P[]S TO RUN ,RUSSIAN 9DU/RY4 ,!Y ALSO CREAT$ A SECRET POLICE =CE ?AT WAS US$ TO BREAK /RIKES1 >RE/ WORK]S & SUPPRESS WORK+ CLASS FRE$OM & DEMOCRACY4 ,9DE$1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS W5T SO F> AS TO REJECT ! AU?ORITY ( ! SOVIETS 9 :OSE NAME !Y CLAIM$ TO RULE4 ,!Y DISB&$ SOVIETS ?AT W]E ELECT$ ) NON-,BOL%EVIK MAJORITIES & REPRESS$ ?OSE1 LIKE ! ,KRON/ADT SAILORS1 :O CALL$ = FREE SOVIETS4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 ALL NON- AN>*I/ SOCIALI/S HAVE NO PROBLEM ) AU?ORITY :5 !Y1 OR !IR P>TY LEAD]S1 >E ! BOSS OR ! POLICE4 

,HE CONT9UES ?AT >GU+ ?AT 0,BAKUN91 & AN>*I/S1 SAID ANY =M ( AU?ORITY BRE$S EXPLOITATION & OPPRESSION40 ,AS PROV5 ABOVE1 ,BAKUN9 MADE NO SU* CLAIM4 ,HE CLE>LY >GU$ ?AT HI]>*ICAL AU?ORITY DID SO1 NOT AU?ORITY AS SU*4 ,OV5D5 ASS]TS ?AT 0D5\NC+ ALL 'AU?ORIT>IANISM' C\LD S\ND SUP]FICIALLY RADICAL4 ,BUT FI<T+ ! CAPITALI/S REQUIRES ORGANIZ$ P[] - ! PICKET L9E 9 A /RIKE1 MAJORITY DECISIONS AT MASS MEET+S1 OCCUPATIONS1 MILITANT MASS DEMON/RATIONS :I* UNITE AGA9/ ! 5EMY1 & SO ON40 ,YET1 AS HE ACKN[L$GES1 0,BAKUN91 LIKE EV]Y S]I\S AN>*I/1 9 PRACTICE RECOGNIZ$ ?IS40 ,BAKUN9 ALSO RECOGNIZ$ IT 9 !ORY AS WELL1 >GU+ = 0! DEVELOPM5T & ORGANIZATION0 ( ! 0SOCIAL P[] ( ! WORK+ CLASSES10 ?AT /RIKES REPRES5T$ 0COLLECTIVE /R5G?0 & BY ORGANIZ+ 0! PRACTICAL MILITANT SOLID>ITY ( ! WORK]S0 Y\ W\LD 0CON/ITUTE AN IMM5SE IRRESI/IBLE =CE40 

,9 O!R WORDS1 ,BAKUN91 & AN>*I/S1 WAS WELL AW>E ( ! NE$ = ! OPPRESS$ TO ORGANIZE & HAVE ! P[] TO RESI/ EXPLOITATION & OPPRESSION AS WELL AS ! P[] TO RUN !IR [N LIVES & SO SOCIETY4 ,WE REJECT ! IDEA ( GIV+ A M9ORITY 7A GOV]NM5T7 ! P[] TO MAKE \R DECISIONS = US4 ,RA!R1 P[] %\LD RE/ 9 ! H&S ( ALL1 NOT CONC5TRAT$ 9 ! H&S ( A FEW4 ,9 AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION1 TO QUOTE ,BAKUN91 0HI]>*IC ORD] & ADVANCEM5T DO NOT EXI/0 & !RE W\LD BE 0VOLUNT>Y & ?\<TFUL DISCIPL9E0 = 0COLLECTIVE WORK OR ACTION40 ,DISCIPL9E 0IS SIMPLY ! VOLUNT>Y & ?\<TFUL CO- ORD9ATION ( ALL 9DIVIDUAL EF=TS T[>DS A COMMON GOAL40 ,9 O!R WORDS1 0P[] IS DIFFUS$ 9 ! COLLECTIVE & BECOMES ! S9C]E EXPRESSION ( ! LIB]TY ( EV]YONE40 

,ONLY A SOPHI/ W\LD CONFUSE HI]>*ICAL P[] ) ! P[] ( PEOPLE MANAG+ !IR [N AFFAIRS1 YET ?IS IS :AT ,OV5D5 IS DO+4 ,SIMPLY PUT1 TO ORGANIZE Y\RSELF TO MANAGE Y\R [N AFFAIRS1 RESI/+ ?OSE 7SU* AS GOV]NM5TS OR BOSSES7 :O OPPRESS & EXPLOIT Y\ & OV]?R[+ !IR AU?ORITY 70! 5EMY07 IS H>DLY 0P[] OV] O!R PEOPLE40 ,RA!R1 IT IS P[] OV] Y\RSELF & ! DE/RUCTION ( P[] OV] O!RS4 ,IT IS AN ACT ( LIB]TY1 NOT AU?ORITY4 

,OV5D5 MOVES ON & GIVES AN ACC\NT ( ! FAIL$ UPRIS+ AT ,LYONS ,BAKUN9 P>TICIPAT$ 93 

0,HE TRAVEL$ TO ! ,FR5* CITY ( ,LYONS ! YE> BE=E ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE TO PUT HIMSELF AT ! HEAD ( A %ORT LIV$ UPRIS+4 ,HE ANN\NC$ ?AT ! /ATE WAS 'ABOLI%$' & ) IT ALL 'AU?ORIT>IANISM'4 ,HE !N CALL$ = CAPITAL PUNI%M5T = ANYONE :O '9T]F]$ 9 ANY WAY :ATSOEV]' ) ! NEW SOCIETY HE & HIS #b SUPPORT]S HAD DECL>$60 

,SIGNIFICANTLY1 ,E4,H4 ,C>R DOES NOT M5TION ?IS CALL = CAPITAL PUNI%M5T 9 HIS 7HO/ILE7 BIOGRAPHY ( ,BAKUN94 ,C>R DOES1 H[EV]1 CALL ?IS EV5T AN 0UNORGANIZ$ POPUL> RIOT0 & ?AT ! UPRIS+ 9VOLV$ A 0CR[D SOME ?\S&S /RONG40 ,IT TOOK PLACE 9 A CITY ?AT HAD REC5TLY PROCLAIM$ ITSELF A REPUBLIC AS P>T ( A 0SPONTANE\S POPUL> RIS+40 ,9 O!R WORDS1 ,LYONS WAS ALREADY 9 POLITICAL UPHEAVAL :5 ,BAKUN9 >RIV$ &1 AS ,C>R PUTS IT1 0! MASSES 444 W]E RIP] = REVOLUTION ?AN !IR LEAD]S40 ,?US ,OV5D5'S ACC\NT LEAVES MU* TO BE DESIR$6 

,C>R ALSO QUOTES ,BAKUN9'S PROCLAMATION AS /AT+ ?AT ! 0,COMMITTEES = ! ,SAV+ ( ,FRANCE 444 WILL EX]CISE FULL P[]S UND] ! IMM$IATE SUP]VISION ( ! PEOPLE0 & ! 0,FR5* PEOPLE RESUMES FULL POSSESSION ( ITS DE/9IES40 ,RA!R ?AN #b PEOPLE IMPOS+ !IR WILL1 ,BAKUN9 CLE>LY SAW !M AS DELEGATES ( ! PEOPLE1 ACC\NTABLE TO !M & EXECUT+ !IR WI%ES4 ,?IS WAS ! IDEA HE HAD EXPRESS$ 9 WRIT+S BE=E 7& AFT]7 ! FAIL$ UPRIS+ 9 ,LYONS4 ,IF ! REVOLT HAD SUCCE$$1 ! ,LYONS WORK]S W\LD HAVE ORGANIZ$ !MSELVES JU/ AS !Y DID 9 ,P>IS AFT] ! />T ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE4 

,\R ,TROTSKYI/ NOTES ?AT 0! DEA? P5ALTY IS1 ( C\RSE1 A HI<LY AU?ORIT>IAN ACT0 & YET DOES NOT M5TION ?AT IT WAS RE-9TRODUC$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9 #aiah & US$ AGA9/ !IR POLITICAL OPPON5TS ON ! LEFT 79CLUD+ AN>*I/S74 ,9 SUMM>Y1 ! DEA? PL5TY WAS US$ EXT5SIVELY = ANYONE :OM ! ,BOL%EVIK LEAD]%IP CONSID]$ AS 9T]F]+ ) ! NEW /ATE !Y W]E CON/RUCT+4 

,OV5D5 >GUES ?AT 0,M>X SAW H[ WORK]S C\LD E/ABLI% A COLLECTIVE DEMOCRATIC P[]4 ,HE CALL$ = SOCIALI/S TO BE ORGANIZ$ OP5LY 9SIDE ! WORK+ CLASS40 

,! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 AS ,M>X HIMSELF >GU$1 WAS 0=M$ ( ! MUNICIPAL C\NCILORS1 *OS5 BY UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE 9 ! V>I\S W>DS ( ! T[N40 ,9 O!R WORDS1 ,M>X SAW 0COLLECTIVE DEMOCRATIC P[]0 9 ! USUAL1 B\RGEOIS1 S5SE ( REPRES5TATIVE GOV]NM5T4 ,BAKUN91 9 CONTRA/1 >GU$ ?AT 0! FUTURE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION MU/ BE MADE SOLELY FROM ! BOTTOM UP1 BY ! FREE ASSOCIATION OR F$]ATION ( WORK]S1 FIR/LY 9 !IR UNIONS1 !N 9 ! COMMUNES1 REGIONS1 NATIONS & F9ALLY 9 A GREAT F$]ATION1 9T]NATIONAL & UNIV]SAL40 ,9 O!R WORDS1 BY A F$]ATION ( WORK]S' C\NCILS4 ,M>XI/S ONLY />T$ PAY+ LIP-S]VICE TO ?IS VISION 9 #a#i#a#g6 

,M>X & HIS FOLL[]S CALL$ = SOCIALI/ GOV]NM5TS4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT WORK]S W\LD GIVE !IR COLLECTIVE P[] TO O!RS BY ! USUAL 7B\RGEOIS7 DEMOCRATIC MEANS ( VOT+ = SOCIALI/S 9 ELECTIONS4 ,RA!R ?AN MANAGE SOCIETY DIRECTLY1 ,M>X >GU$ ?AT !Y ELECT O!RS TO RUN IT = !M4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 ! SOCIALI/ LEAD]S W\LD HOLD P[]1 NOT ! WORK]S4 ,AS ,BAKUN9 PUT IT1 0BY POPUL> GOV]NM5T !Y MEAN GOV]NM5T ( ! PEOPLE BY A SMALL NUMB] ( REPRES5TATIVES ELECT$ BY ! PEOPLE4 ,SO-CALL$ POPUL> REPRES5TATIVES & RUL]S ( ! /ATE ELECT$ BY ! 5TIRE NATION ON ! BASIS ( UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE -- ! LA/ WORD ( ! ,M>XI/S1 AS WELL AS ! DEMOCRATIC S*OOL -- IS A LIE BEH9D :I* ! DESPOTISM ( A RUL+ M9ORITY IS CONCEAL$1 A LIE ALL ! MORE DANG]\S 9 ?AT IT REPRES5TS ITSELF AS ! EXPRESSION ( A %AM POPUL> WILL40 

,OV5D5 >GUES ?AT 0A REVOLUTION>Y P>TY HAD TO FI<T OV] EV]Y POLITICAL QUE/ION & SEEK TO W9 OV] ! MASS ( WORK]S0 & >GUES ?AT 0,BAKUN9'S ALT]NATIVE WAS HOPELESSLY CONTRADICTORY1 LESS ?AN REVOLUTION>Y & HI<LY AU?ORIT>IAN40 ,?IS WAS BECAUSE 0HE REJECT$ DEMOCRACY AS ! AU?ORIT>IAN RULE ( ! MAJORITY OV] ! M9ORITY4 ,SO HIS [N POLITICAL ORGANIZATION WAS UNDEMOCRATIC4 ,HE ?\<T ?AT #a MEMB]S ( HIS SECRET ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRO!RHOOD1 ) HALF A DOZ5 PEOPLE ISSU+ ORD]S1 C\LD ACT AS '9VISIBLE PILOTS' DIRECT+ MASS /RUGGLES40 

,SIGNIFICANTLY1 \R ,TROTSKYI/ MAKES NO ATTEMPT TO EXPLA9 ,BAKUN9'S IDEAS ON ?IS ISSUE4 ,NOR DOES HE M5TION ?AT NO MOD]N AN>*I/ SUBSCRIBES TO ! ORGANIZATIONAL /RUCTURES ,BAKUN9 SUGGE/$1 MAK+ HIS ACC\NT ONLY ( HI/ORIC 9T]E/ & ( NO USE 9 EVALUAT+ MOD]N AN>*ISM4 

,FIR/LY1 ,BAKUN9 >GU$ ?AT HIS ORGANIZATION W\LD BE BAS$ ON ! IDEA ?AT 0ALL MEMB]S >E EQUAL2 !Y KN[ ALL !IR COMRADES & DISCUSS & DECIDE ) !M ALL ! MO/ IMPORTANT & ESS5TIAL QUE/IONS BE>+ ON ! PROGRAM ( ! SOCIETY & ! PROGRESS ( ! CAUSE4 ,! DECISION ( ! G5]AL MEET+ IS ABSOLUTE LAW444 ,! SOCIETY *OOSES AN ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE FROM AMONG !IR NUMB] CONSI/+ ( ?REE OR FIVE MEMB]S :O %\LD ORGANIZE ! BRAN*ES ( ! SOCIETY & MANAGE ITS ACTIVITIES 444 ON ! BASIS ( ! PROGRAM & G5]AL PLAN ( ACTION ADOPT$ BY ! DECISION ( ! SOCIETY AS A :OLE40 ,H>DLY UNDEMOCRATIC4 

,SIMIL>LY1 ,BAKUN9 >GU$ ?AT 0EA* MEMB] 444 & EA* REGIONAL GR\P HAVE TO OBEY IT .<! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE.> UNCONDITIONALLY1 EXCEPT 9 SU* CASES :]E ! ORD]S ( ! ,COMMITTEE CONTRADICT EI!R ! G5]AL PROGRAM ( ! PR9CIPLE RULES1 OR ! G5]AL REVOLUTION>Y PLAN ( ACTION1 :I* >E KN[N TO EV]YBODY AS ALL 444 HAVE P>TICIPAT$ EQUALLY 9 ! DISCUSSION ( !M444 ,9 SU* A CASE MEMB]S ( ! GR\P MU/ HALT ! EXECUTION ( ! ,COMMITTEE'S ORD]S & CALL ! ,COMMITTEE TO JUDGM5T BE=E ! G5]AL MEET+ 444 ,IF ! G5]AL MEET+ IS DISCONT5T$ ) ! ,COMMITTEE1 IT CAN ALWAYS SUB/ITUTE ANO!R ONE = IT4440 ,AGA91 H>DLY A CASE ( A FEW ISSU+ ORD]S & ! RE/ BL9DLY OBEY+4 

,:ILE FEW1 IF ANY1 AN>*I/S W\LD SUBSCRIBE TO ,BAKUN9'S VISION TODAY1 IT IS CLE> ?AT ,OV5D5'S SUMM>Y ( ,BAKUN9'S IDEAS IS DEEPLY FLAW$4 

,SECONDLY1 ,BAKUN9 DID NOT ?9K ?AT HIS ORGANIZATION W\LD IMPOSE !MSELVES ONTO POPUL> /RUGGLES4 ,RA!R1 IT W\LD 0DIRECT0 SU* /RUGGLES ?R\< ! 0NATURAL 9FLU5CE0 ( ITS MEMB]S4 ,AS ,BAKUN9 PUT IT1 ITS 9FLU5CE IS 0NOT CONTR>Y TO ! FREE DEVELOPM5T & SELF- DET]M9ATION ( ! PEOPLE1 OR ITS ORGANIZATION FROM BEL[ ACCORD+ TO ITS [N CU/OMS & 9/9CTS BECAUSE IT ACTS ON ! PEOPLE ONLY BY ! NATURAL P]SONAL 9FLU5CE ( ITS MEMB]S :O >E NOT 9VE/$ ) ANY P[]40 

,?IS 0NATURAL 9FLU5CE0 IS 0NO?+ BUT ! 5TIRELY NATURAL ORGANIZATION -- NEI!R (FICIAL NOR CLO!D 9 ANY AU?ORITY OR POLITICAL =CE :ATSOEV] -- ( ! EFFECT ( A RA!R NUM]\S GR\P ( 9DIVIDUALS :O >E 9SPIR$ BY ! SAME ?\<T & HEAD$ T[>D ! SAME GOAL1 FIR/ ( ALL ON ! OP9ION ( ! MASSES & ONLY !N1 BY ! 9T]M$I>Y ( ?IS OP9ION 7RE/AT$ BY 444 PROPAG&A71 ON !IR WILL & !IR DE$S40 ,?US IT IS BAS$ ON DISCUSSION & GETT+ PEOPLE TO AGREE TO Y\R IDEAS & IS NOT IMPOS$ UPON !M4 ,AS ,BAKUN9 NOT$1 GOV]NM5TS 0IMPOSE !MSELVES VIOL5TLY ON ! MASSES1 :O >E =C$ TO OBEY !M & TO EXECUTE !IR DECREES0 :ILE AN>*I/ 09FLU5CE WILL NEV] BE ANY?+ BUT ONE ( OP9ION40 

,?IRDLY1 ! SIMIL>ITIES BETWE5 ,BAKUN9'S IDEAS & ,L59'S ON ?IS ISSUE >E CLE>4 ,IRONICALLY = \R ,TROTSKYI/1 ,L59'S S*EME = 0DEMOCRATIC C5TRALISM0 MEANT ?AT ! MEMB]%IP FOLL[$ ! ORD]S ( ! C5TRAL COMMITTEE 7& ONCE ! P>TY WAS 9 P[]1 ! :OLE ( SOCIETY W\LD FOLL[ !SE ORD]S74 ,IF ,BAKUN9 IS TO BE ATTACK$1 !N SO MU/ ,L594 ,IT IS ALSO SIGNIFICANT ?AT1 UNLIKE ,L591 ,BAKUN9 EXPLICITLY >GU$ ?AT 0?IS ORGANIZATION RULES \T ANY IDEA ( DICTATOR%IP & CU/ODIAL CONTROL0 & 0!SE GR\PS W\LD NOT SEEK ANY?+ = !MSELVES1 NEI!R PRIVILEGE NOR HONOR NOR P[]40 ,RA!R1 0! REVOLUTION EV]Y:]E MU/ BE CREAT$ BY ! PEOPLE1 & SUPREME CONTROL MU/ ALWAYS BELONG TO ! PEOPLE ORGANIZ$ 9TO A FREE F$]ATION ( AGRICULTURAL & 9DU/RIAL ASSOCIATIONS 444 ORGANIZ$ FROM ! BOTTOM UPW>DS BY MEANS ( REVOLUTION>Y DELEGATION40 

,LA/LY1 9 T]MS ( ANY?+ BE+ 0HOPELESSLY CONTRADICTORY1 LESS ?AN REVOLUTION>Y & HI<LY AU?ORIT>IAN0 !N IT IS ! IDEAS ( ,TROTSKYISM4 ,!Y >E CONTRADICTORY AS !Y CONFUSE WORK]S P[] ) ?AT ( ! P>TY 7AS ,L59 PUT IT 0! V]Y PRES5TATION ( ! QUE/ION -- 'DICTATOR%IP ( ! ,P>TY OR DICTATOR%IP ( ! CLASS1 DICTATOR%IP 7,P>TY7 ( ! LEAD]S OR DICTATOR%IP 7,P>TY7 ( ! MASSES8' -- IS EVID5CE ( ! MO/ 9CR$IBLE & HOPELESS CONFUSION ( M9D 444 .<BECAUSE.> CLASSES >E USUALLY 444 L$ BY POLITICAL P>TIES074 ,IT IS LESS ?AN REVOLUTION>Y AS IT REPRODUCES ALL ! HI]>*ICAL ASPECTS ( B\RGEOIS SOCIETY 9 ! SO- CALL$ 0VANGU>D0 P>TY 7&1 LIKE B\RGEOIS SOCIETY1 TRIES TO HIDE IT BY REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY74 ,IT IS HI<LY AU?ORIT>IAN AS IT BASES ITSELF ON A HI<LY C5TRALIZ$ SY/EM ( GOV]NM5T 9 :I* A FEW P>TY LEAD]S TELL ! RE/ ( SOCIETY :AT TO DO4 

,9 ! WORDS ( ,TROTSKY3 

0,! REVOLUTION>Y DICTATOR%IP ( A PROLET>IAN P>TY IS = ME NOT A ?+ ?AT ONE CAN FREELY ACCEPT OR REJECT3 ,IT IS AN OBJECTIVE NECESSITY IMPOS$ UPON US BY ! SOCIAL REALITIES -- ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 ! HET]OG5EITY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y CLASS1 ! NECESSITY = A SELECT$ VANGU>D 9 ORD] TO ASSURE ! VICTORY4 ,! DICTATOR%IP ( A P>TY BELONGS TO ! B>B>IAN PREHI/ORY AS DOES ! /ATE ITSELF1 BUT WE CAN NOT JUMP OV] ?IS *APT]1 :I* CAN OP5 7NOT AT ONE /ROKE7 G5U9E HUMAN HI/ORY444 ,! REVOLUTION>Y P>TY 7VANGU>D7 :I* R5\NCES ITS [N DICTATOR%IP SURR5D]S ! MASSES TO ! C\NT]-REVOLUTION 444 ,AB/RACTLY SPEAK+1 IT W\LD BE V]Y WELL IF ! P>TY DICTATOR%IP C\LD BE REPLAC$ BY ! 'DICTATOR%IP' ( ! :OLE TOIL+ PEOPLE )\T ANY P>TY1 BUT ?IS PRESUPPOSES SU* A HI< LEVEL ( POLITICAL DEVELOPM5T AMONG ! MASSES ?AT IT CAN NEV] BE A*IEV$ UND] CAPITALI/ CONDITIONS4 ,! REASON = ! REVOLUTION COMES FROM ! CIRCUM/ANCE ?AT CAPITALISM DOES NOT P]MIT ! MAT]IAL & ! MORAL DEVELOPM5T ( ! MASSES40 

,\R ,TROTSKYI/ DI/ORTS HI/ORY SOME MORE3 

0,HE ATTACK$ ,M>X = 'TEA*+ ! WORK]S !ORIES'4 ,BAKUN9 BELIEV$ PEOPLE %\LD JU/ RELY ON 9/9CT 9/EAD4 ,HE ?\<T REVOLUTION>IES W\LD GA9 9FLU5CE BY VOIC+ '! 9/9CTS ( ! PEOPLE' RA!R ?AN BY OP5 >GUM5T 9 MASS DEMOCRATIC ORGANIZATIONS40 

,( C\RSE NO?+ IS FUR!R FROM ! TRU?4 ,9DE$1 IT W\LD BE 9T]E/+ TO SEE :]E 9 ,BAKUN9'S WRIT+S HE ATTACK$ ,M>X ON ?IS ISSUE4 ,HE CONSID]$ IT COMMON S5SE ?AT SOCIALI/ ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK]S' ,ASSOCIATION W\LD 0PROPAG&IZE ITS PR9CIPLES40 ,ONE ( ! OBJECTIVES ( HIS ORGANIZATION WAS TO 0WAGE ACTIVE PROPAG&A40 ,HE ?\<T ?AT 0IT IS ABSOLUTELY IMPOSSIBLE TO IGNORE POLITICAL & PHILOSOPHICAL QUE/IONS4 ,AN EXCLUSIVE PRE-OCCUPATION ) ECONOMIC QUE/IONS W\LD BE FATAL = ! PROLET>IAT0 & SO SU* QUE/IONS 0MU/ NECESS>ILY BE DISCUSS$40 

,AS = ! QUE/ION ( 09/9CT01 HE >GU$ ?AT 09/9CT IS NOT AN ADEQUATE WEAPON TO SAFEGU>D ! PROLET>IAT 444 9 SO F> AS IT HAS NOT YET BE5 TRANS=M$ 9TO CONSCI\S1 CLE>LY DEF9$ ?\<T1 EASILY LETS ITSELF BE MISL$40 ,! MEANS ( MAK+ 0! ?\<T ( ! WORK+ MASSES0 REA* 0! LEVEL ( !IR 9/9CT0 IS 0WORK]S' SOLID>ITY 9 !IR /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! BOSSES40 ,9 O!R WORDS1 0EMANCIPATION ?R\< PRACTICAL ACTION10 0! COLLECTIVE /RUGGLE ( ! WORK]S AGA9/ ! BOSSES10 W\LD $UCATE ! WORK]1 COMB9$ ) PROPAG&A FROM PEOPLE :O W]E ALREADY SOCIALI/S_/AN>*I/S4 ,BAKUN9 DID NOT ?9K PEOPLE %\LD 0JU/ RELY ON 9/9CT10 RA!R HE CONSID]$ 0! GOAL1 !N1 IS TO MAKE ! WORK] FULLY AW>E ( :AT HE WANTS1 TO UNJAM )9 HIM A /REAM ( ?\<T CORRESPOND+ TO HIS 9/9CT40 

,DID ,BAKUN9 REJECT 0OP5 >GUM5T 9 MASS DEMOCRATIC ORGANIZATIONS08 ,( C\RSE NOT4 ,9DE$1 QUITE ! REV]SE4 ,AS REG>DS HIS ORGANIZATION1 ,BAKUN9 >GU$ ?AT 0EV]Y?+ WAS DONE 9 BROAD DAYLI<T1 OP5LY1 = EV]YONE TO SEE 444 ,! ,ALLIANCE HAD REGUL> WEEKLY OP5 MEET+S & EV]YONE WAS URG$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! DISCUSSIONS444 ,! OLD PROC$URE :]E MEMB]S SAT & PASSIVELY LI/5$ TO SPEAK]S TALK+ D[N TO !M FROM !IR P$E/AL WAS DISC>D$40 ,HE /RESS$ ?AT 0IT WAS E/ABLI%$ ?AT ALL MEET+S BE CONDUCT$ BY 9=MAL R\ND-TABLE CONV]SATIONAL DISCUSSIONS 9 :I* EV]YBODY FELT FREE TO P>TICIPATE3 NOT TO BE TALK$ AT1 BUT TO EX*ANGE VIEWS40 

,?IS CAN ALSO BE SE5 FROM ,BAKUN9'S DISCUSSION ( UNION BUREAUCRACY & H[ AN>*I/S %\LD COMBAT IT4 ,TAK+ ! ,G5EVA SECTION ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 ,BAKUN9 NOTES ?AT ! CON/RUCTION WORK]S' SECTION 0SIMPLY LEFT ALL DECISION- MAK+ TO !IR COMMITTEES 444 ,9 ?IS MANN] P[] GRAVITAT$ TO ! COMMITTEES1 & BY A SPECIES ( FICTION *>ACT]I/IC ( ALL GOV]NM5TS ! COMMITTEES SUB/ITUT$ !IR [N WILL & !IR [N IDEAS = ?AT ( ! MEMB]%IP40 ,TO COMBAT ?IS BUREAUCRACY1 0! CON/RUCTION WORK]S444 SECTIONS C\LD ONLY DEF5D !IR RI<TS & !IR AUTONOMY 9 ONLY ONE WAY3 ! WORK]S CALL$ G5]AL MEMB]%IP MEET+S4 ,NO?+ >\SES ! ANTIPA?Y ( ! COMMITTEES MORE ?AN !SE POPUL> ASSEMBLIES444 ,9 !SE GREAT MEET+S ( ! SECTIONS1 ! ITEMS ON ! AG5DA WAS AMPLY DISCUSS$ & ! MO/ PROGRESSIVE OP9ION PREVAIL$40 

,H>DLY :AT W\LD BE EXPECT$ FROM SOMEONE :O %UNN$ 0OP5 >GUM5T40 ,NOR >E ! MANY >TICLES WRITT5 BY ,BAKUN9 EXPLA9+ HIS IDEAS OR HIS POLEMICS AGA9/ NON-AN>*I/S M5TION$4 ,NOR IS HIS ATT5D+ MEET+S ( HIS LOCAL SECTION ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL1 NOR HIS ATT5D+ ITS #ahfh ,BASLE CONGRESS TO >GUE = HIS IDEAS WOR?Y ( A M5TION4 ,BUT :Y LET FACTS GET 9 ! WAY ( A GOOD RANT8 

,\R AU?ORITY ASS]TS ?AT ,BAKUN9 0SP5T HIS LIFE RU%+ FROM ONE PLACE TO ANO!R TRY+ TO >TIFICIALLY SP>K UPRIS+S4 ,HE DI$ 9 #a#h#g#f1 BITT] AT ! MASS ( PEOPLE = NOT LI/5+ TO HIM40 

,P>TICIPAT+ 9 TWO UPRIS+S 7,LYONS1 #a#h#g1 ,BOLOGNA1 #a#h#g#d7 :5 HE WAS AN AN>*I/ 7I4E4 BETWE5 #ahff & #a#h#g#f71 H>DLY CON/ITUTES 0RU%+ FROM ONE PLACE TO ANO!R40 ,BAKUN9 ALSO >GU$ ?AT A REVOLUTION MU/ BE POPUL> 9 NATURE & C\LD NOT BE >TIFICIALLY SP>K$4 ,AS HE PUT IT1 0REVOLUTIONS >E NOT IMPROVIS$4 ,!Y >E NOT MADE >BITR>ILY EI!R BY 9DIVIDUALS OR EV5 ! MO/ P[]FUL ASSOCIATIONS4 ,!Y OCCUR 9DEP5D5TLY OCCUR 9DEP5D5TLY ( ALL VOLITION & CONSPIRACY & >E ALWAYS BR\<T AB\T BY =CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,!Y CAN SOMETIMES BE =ESE5 & !IR APPROA* CAN SOMETIMES BE S5S$4 BUT !IR \TBREAK CAN NEV] BE HA/5$40 ,JU/ AS ,M>X FAIL$ TO PR$ICT ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 SO ,BAKUN9 FAIL$ TO S5SE ?AT ,LYONS & ,BOLOGNA W]E NOT RIPE = REVOLT4 ,H[EV]1 AS WE WILL 9DICATE1 ,BAKUN9 GOT MORE RI<T ?AN HE GOT WRONG4 

,AS = PEOPLE 0NOT LI/5+ TO HIM10 ! REV]SE WAS ! CASE6 ,! LABOR MOVEM5T 9 ,SWITZ]L&1 ,ITALY & ,SPA9 W]E PR$OM9ATELY LIB]T>IAN AT ! TIME ( HIS DEA?4 ,! ,M>XI/ ,PAUL ,?OMAS ACKN[L$G$ ?AT 0! ,9T]NATIONAL WAS TO PROVE CAPABLE ( EXP&+ ITS MEMB]%IP ONLY AT ! BEHE/ ( ! ,BAKUN9I/S .<SIC6.>0 & 0:]EV] ! ,9T]NATIONAL WAS SPREAD+1 IT WAS DO+ SO UND] ! MANTLE ( ,BAKUN9ISM40 ,9DE$1 ,M>X EXPELL$ ,BAKUN9 FROM ! ,9T]NATIONAL PRECISELY BECAUSE TOO MANY PEOPLE W]E LI/5+ TO HIM6 

,\R AU?OR 5DS BY >GU+ ?AT 0,BAKUN9 IS A SYMBOL ( REVOLUTION>Y OPPOSITION TO CAPITALISM4 ,BUT HIS IDEAS DO NOT (F] A WAY TO OV]?R[ IT40 ,9 FACT1 ! OPPOSITE IS ! CASE4 ,M>X MAY BE A SYMBOL ( 0ANTI-CAPITALISM0 = MANY1 BUT HIS IDEAS HAVE FAIL$ TIME & TIME AGA94 ,BAKUN91 ON ! O!R H&1 HAS HAD HIS IDEAS CONFIRM$ TIME & TIME AGA94 ,HE PR$ICT$ NUM]\S ASPECTS ( ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE4 ,HE PR$ICT$ ! SOVIETS ( ! #aie & #aiag ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTIONS4 ,HIS IDEAS ON WORK]S' /RUGGLE PR$ICT$ ?OSE ( REVOLUTION>Y SYNDICALISM & ! ,I4,W4,W4 ,HE ALSO PR$ICT$ ! FATE ( ,M>XISM4 ,HE PR$ICT$ ! 5D ( SOCIAL DEMOCRACY 9 RE=MISM4 ,HE PR$ICT$ ?AT ! 0DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT0 W\LD BECOME ! DICTATOR%IP OV] ! PROLET>IAT BY ! FOLL[]S ( ,M>X4 ,IF WE RATE A !ORY BY ! CORRECTNESS ( ITS PR$ICTIONS !N1 CLE>LY1 ,BAKUN9'S IDEAS >E /RONG] ?AN ,M>X'S4 

,ALL 9 ALL1 ! ,S,W,P'S ACC\NT ( ,BAKUN9 IS SO FLAW$ AS TO BE EI!R ! PRODUCT ( DECEIT OR ( IGNORANCE4 ,IF !Y DO DESIRE TO BE TAK5 S]I\SLY 9 ! ANTI-CAPITALI/ MOVEM5T !N !Y %\LD LE>N ! FIR/ PR9CIPLES ( HONE/ DEBATE - - DO NOT MISREPRES5T Y\R OPPON5T'S IDEAS4 ,GIV5 !IR TRACK RUN ON AN>*ISM1 ! ,S,W,P SEEM G5ETICALLY PROGRAMM$ TO BE 9CAPABLE ( ?IS4 ,ONE ?+ IS SURE1 BY MURD]+ ! TRU? !Y MURD] ! REVOLUTION -- BO? LIT]ALLY & FIGURATIVELY4 ,JU/ AS ! ,BOL%EVIKS DID 9 ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #a#a1 #bba 3 ,WILL ! REAL ,BAKUN9 PLEASE /& UP8 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,WILL ! REAL ,BAKUN9 PLEASE /& UP8 -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/