,:O ,>E ,WE8 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IAN ,MOVEM5T 7,MOVIMI5TO ,LIB]T>IO ,CUBANO7 7,M,L,C7 

,TEXT 3 

,! AIM ( ! ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IAN ,MOVEM5T 7,C,L,M7 IS TO 5C\RAGE REVOLUTION>Y ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN ACTIVISM 9 ,CUBA1 9 P>TICUL>1 & ON ! ,AM]ICAN CONT95T1 9 G5]AL1 ) ! GOAL ( CREAT+ A MORE EFFECTIVE AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ?AT CAN ACTIVELY P>TICIPATE BO? 9 ! CURR5T /RUGGLE ( ! WORK]S = CONTROL OV] !IR LIVES & 9 ! 9T]NATIONAL C\NT]-CULTURAL RESI/ANCE4 

,WE >E NOT AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION OR1 MU* LESS1 A CLOS$ CIRCLE ( ! 0ELECT0 ?AT PRET5DS TO LEAD OR JUDGE ,CUBAN AN>*ISM4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 WE >E A NETWORK ( COLLECTIVES ) SECTIONS 9 DIFF]5T CITIES ( ! WORLD ?AT IS SEEK+ TO E/ABLI% MORE EFFECTIVE COORD9ATION AMONG ! DI/9CT CURR5TS ?AT MAKE UP ,CUBAN AN>*ISM TODAY1 FROM AN>*O-SYNDICALISM1 REVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM1 AN>*O-COMMUNISM1 COOP]ATIVISM1 COMMUNALISM1 PRIMITIVISM1 ECO-AN>*ISM TO LIB]T>IAN 9SURRECTIONISM4 

,IF Y\ >E AN AN>*I/ OR ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN1 ANTI-PATRI>*AL1 ANTICL]ICAL1 REBELLI\S & IDEALI/IC1 Y\ TOO CAN BE P>T ( ?IS NETWORK & ACTIVELY P>TICIPATE1 9 AN 9DIVIDUAL OR COLLECTIVE FA%ION1 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( TODAY'S 

,A ,LITTLE ,HI/ORY 

  

,CUBAN AN>*I/S HAVE ACTIVELY P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! FI<T = ! LIB]ATION ( ! PROLET>IAT S9CE ! DAYS ( COLONIAL OPPRESSION4 ,! /RUGGLE DEVELOP$ DUR+ ! MIDDLE & F9AL YE>S ( ! #a#i? C5TURY1 HEAD$ BY ! 0GR\P ( ! ?REE ,5RIQUES03 ,5RIQUE ,ROIG DE ,SAN ,M>T91 ,5RIQUE ,MESSONI] & ,5RIQUE ,CRECI1 :O EXEMPLIFI$ ! MOVEM5T4 ,BY #a#h#h#h1 ?IS REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ NUCLEUS PUBLICIZ$ ITS CLASS POSITION AGA9/ POLITICS & ! /ATE 9 ! PAGES ( ! AN>*I/ P]IODICAL1 ,! ,PRODUC]1 :I* PUBLI%$ A S]IES ( TEXTS 5TITL$ 0,REALITY & ,UTOPIA0 7,I TO ,V,I74 ,!SE >TICLES EXPLA9 9 BROAD /ROKES ! G5]AL CONCEPTIONS ( \R COMRADES ( ?AT P]IOD1 9 A TRUE /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! CURR5T1 ?AT IS1 )9 A MOVEM5T 9 :I* DEMOCRATIC1 LIB]AL1 ANNEXATIONI/1 AUTONOMI/1 & PRO-9DEP5D5CE-NATIONALI/ 7! 0LIB]ATION ( ,CUBA07 IDEOLOGIES PR$OM9AT$4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ! HI/ORICAL FALSIFICATION ( ! HI/ORY ( ! WORK]S MOVEM5T ?AT CONT9UES 9 ,CUBA TO ?IS DAY HAS OBSCUR$ ! IMPORTANCE ( ! AN>*I/_/LIB]T>IAN IDEAL 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! ANTI-/ATE /RUGGLES ( ! OPPRESS$4 

,CUBAN AN>*I/S ALSO P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! DIFFICULT /RUGGLES AGA9/ ! DICTATOR%IPS ( ,MA*ADO & ,BATI/A4 ,AGA9/ ! LATT]1 !Y F\<T ON ALL FRONTS1 SOME ) ! GU]RILLAS 9 ,ORI5TE ,PROV9CE OR ) ?OSE 9 ! ,ESCAMBRAY ,M\NTA9S 9 ! C5T] ( ! ISL&2 O!RS JO9$ ! UND]GR\ND & P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! /RUGGLE 9 ! CITIES4 ,!Y ALSO BUILT BRIDGES BETWE5 ! ORGANIZ$ SECTORS ( ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ,BATI/A 9 ,CUBA & ! AN>*I/ ANTI-,FRANCO /RUGGLE 9 ,SPA9 VIA COMRADES ,ANTONIO ,DEGAS 7MEMB] ( ! ,C,N,T LIV+ 9 ,CUBA7 & ,LUIS ,M4 ,L9SUA91 ! SON ( ANO!R \T/&+ AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y KILL$ 9 ,ALICANTE1 ,SPA91 AT ! 5D ( ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION4 ,! AIMS ( ! AN>*I/S CO9CID$ ) ! DESIRES ( ! MAJORITY ( ! PEOPLE3 LIQUIDATION ( ! MILIT>Y DICTATOR%IP & AN 5D TO POLITICAL CORRUPTION1 AS WELL AS ! CREATION ( A MORE OP5 >5A = ! 5JOYM5T ( DEMOCRATIC LIB]TIES1 :I* W\LD MAKE IDEOLOGICAL CONT9UITY POSSIBLE4 

,! PAMPHLET1 ,LIB]T>IAN ,PROJECTIONS1 PUBLI%$ 9 #a#i#e#f1 :I* ATTACK$ ,BATI/A1 ALSO DESCRIB$ ,CA/RO AS 0NOT M]IT+ ANY CONFID5CE10 & AS ONE :O 0DOES NOT KEEP PROMISES0 & 0FI<TS ONLY = P[]40 ,IT WAS ) ?IS 9 M9D ?AT ,CUBA AN>*I/S PUT !MSELVES 9 GREAT] CONTACT ) O!R REVOLUTION>IES4 ,BY ! TIME ! 9SURRECTION HAD TRIUMPH$1 ,CA/RO HAD MADE HIMSELF ! LEAD] ( ! 5TIRE PROCESS1 L>GELY AS A RESULT ( AN 9CORRECT EVALUATION ON ! P>T ( ! OPPOSITION1 :I* CONSID]$ HIM A 0CONTROLLABLE0 EVIL--NECESS>Y BUT TEMPOR>Y--[+ TO ! MODE/1 SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC NATURE ( HIS PROGRAM4 

,9 ! E>LY DAYS ( #a#i#e#i1 ! LIB]T>IAN PUBLICATIONS1 ,FOODWORK]S ,SOLID>ITY & ,! ,LIB]T>IAN1 EXPRESS$ 9 !IR FIR/ ISSUES A FAVORABLE1 & AT ! SAME TIME1 CAUTI\S & HOPEFUL1 ATTITUDE T[>D ! 0REVOLUTION>Y0 GOV]NM5T4 

,NEV]!LESS1 ! ,NATIONAL ,C\NCIL ( ! ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IAN ,ASSOCIATION 7,C,L,A7 PUBLI%$ A MANIFE/O :I* 0EXPOSES1 9=MS & JUDGES ! TRIUMPHANT ,CUBAN ,REVOLUTION0 &1 AFT] EXPLA9+ ! OPPOSITION ( AN>*I/S TO ! PA/ DICTATOR%IP1 PROCE$$ TO ANALYZE ! PRES5T & ! NE> FUTURE4 ,IT DECL>$ ?AT ! REC5T 09/ITUTIONAL *ANGES10 :ILE OP5+ UP A NEW /AGE = ,CUBA1 %\LD >\SE 0NO 5?USIASM OR ILLUSIONS10 AL?\< IT DIDN'T D5Y1 ) A DEGREE ( IRONY1 ! 0C]TA9TY1 AT LEA/ = A:ILE1 ?AT WE WILL 5JOY SUFFICI5T LIB]TIES TO 5ABLE US TO C>RY \T PROPAG&A40 ,IT CONT9U$ ) A WELL-AIM$ ATTACK AGA9/ 0/ATE C5TRALISM0 AS A ROAD T[>D AN 0AU?ORIT>IAN ORD]40 ,! DOCUM5T CONCLUDES ) A REF]5CE TO ! WORK]S MOVEM5T1 EMPHASIZ+ AGA9 ! EF=TS ( ! ,CUBAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 7,C,C,P7 TO 0REGA9 ! HEGEMONY OV] ! WORK]S MOVEM5T !Y 5JOY$ UND] ,BATI/A10 AL?\< 5D+ ) ! OP9ION ?AT ?IS WILL PROBABLY NOT OCCUR4 ,! MANIFE/O CONCLUDES ON A NOTE ( OPTIMISM3 0,! PANORAMA1 TAK5 AS A :OLE1 IS BREA?TAK+44440,ALONG ! SAME L9ES1 ON ,FEBRU>Y #a#e1 #a#i#e#i1 ,FOODWORK]S ,SOLID>ITY PUBLI%$ ANO!R MANIFE/O TO ! WORK]S & ! PEOPLE 9 G5]AL1 W>N+ ?AT AL?\< ! REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T MI<T NOT1 9 SU* A %ORT TIME1 0SET UP FUNCTION+ WORK]S 9/ITUTIONS1 IT IS \R RI<T TO HAVE ! NORMS ( FRE$OM & DEMOCRATIC RI<TS RESPECT$ & EX]CIS$4444 ,ELECTIONS 9 ! TRADE UNIONS MU/ BE ORGANIZ$1 ! 7WORK]S7 ASSEMBLIES MU/ BEG9 TO FUNCTION4440 ,F9ALLY1 IT LEFT TO ! WORK]S ( EA* UNION ! QUE/ION ( H[ TO H&LE REMOV+ ! OLD BUREAUCRATS FROM (FICE4 0,IT IS CRUCIAL ?AT ! WORK]S !MSELVES DECIDE ON REMOV+ & DISB>R+ !IR PA/ UNION LEAD]S1 S9CE TO DO ?IS 9 ANY O!R WAY W\LD BE TO FALL 9TO ! SAME AU?ORIT>IAN PRACTICES WE F\<T AGA9/ YE/]DAY40 ,! SAME PUBLICATION1 9 ITS $ITORIAL ( ,M>* #a#e1 BITT]LY CONDEMN$ ! 0DICTATORIAL PROC$URES 7( ! ,CONGRESS ( ! ,WORK]S ( ,REVOLUTION>Y ,CUBA--,C,W,R,C7444DEALS & ORD]S FROM ABOVE ?AT IMPOSE MEASURES1 FIRE & 9/ALL LEAD]S40 ,IT ALSO ACCUS$ 0ELEM5TS4449 ! ASSEMBLIES :I*1 )\T BE+ MEMB]S ( ! UNIONS !MSELVES1 VOTE 5 BLOC 9 FAVOR ( P>TICUL> GR\PS ( LEAD]S40 ,AMONG ! O!R ABNORMALITIES & 0PROC$URES0 IT D5\NC$ W]E ! FOLL[+3 0444P]IODICALLY PACK+ ! ASSEMBLY ROOMS ) >M$ MILITIAM5 9 FLAGRANT ATTEMPTS TO CO]CE ! WORK]S2 ! LACK ( RESPECT = NORMAL RULES ( PROC$URE2 & /OOP+ TO ! L[E/ TYPES ( MANEUV] TO MA9TA9 CONTROL OV] ! UNIONS40 ,AS WE KN[1 ! /RUGGLE TO LIB]ALIZE ! WORK]S MOVEM5T WAS1 UN=TUNATELY1 LO/ DESPITE ! CRUCIAL EF=TS ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S 9 ?AT >5A4 

,! OPPOSITION TO AN>*O-SYNDICALISM CAME DIRECTLY FROM SECTORS ( ! ,JULY #bf ,MOVEM5T 7,J#b#f,M71 9/IGAT$ BY ELEM5TS ( ! ,CUBAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY :O HAD 9FILTRAT$ ?AT ORGANIZATION1 :I*1 9 TURN1 HAD TAK5 OV] ! LEAD]%IP ( ! UNIONS ( ! 5TIRE ISL& 9 VIRTUAL MILIT>Y FA%ION4 ,?IS TAKEOV] WAS SAID TO BE TEMPOR>Y1 ) ! OBJECTIVE ( PURG+ ! MO/ CORRUPT ELEM5TS 9H]IT$ FROM ! ,BATI/A DICTATOR%IP UNTIL NEW & FREE ELECTIONS C\LD BE HELD4 ,AS C\LD HAVE BE5 PR$ICT$ & WAS CU/OM>Y 9 ,CUBA1 ! TEMPOR>Y TURN$ 9TO ! P]MAN5T4 ,BUT :]E DID !SE UNION ELEM5TS COME FROM1 S9CE IT WAS A KN[N 7& NOTORI\S7 FACT ?AT ! ,JULY #bf ,MOVEM5T NEV] HAD A BASE 9 ! UNIONS OR EV5 A G5]AL SYMPA?Y AMONG ! WORK]S1 LET ALONE AN ACTIVE WORK+ CLASS LEAD]%IP8 ,! NEW TRADE UNION LEAD]S MO/LY CAME FROM TWO ANTAGONI/IC CAMPS3 ! SYNDICALI/S ( ! ,WORK]S ,COMMISSIONS1 :O HAD ORI5T$ TO ELECTORAL POLITICS & HAD BE5 5EMIES ( ! OLD GOV]NM5T1 & MEMB]S ( ! ,CUBAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY4 ,! FIR/ W]E MOTIVAT$ BY CYNICAL OPPORTUNISM & L5T !MSELVES TO MANIPULATION BY ! /ATE4 ,! SECOND W]E EXTREMELY DANG]\S &1 9 SPITE ( !IR /ORMY PA/1 CLE>LY 5JOY$ (FICIAL SUPPORT FROM ! HI<E/ LEVELS ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,BO? SECTORS HAT$ EA* O!R & PREP>$ = AN OV]T /RUGGLE = HEGEMONY OV] ! PROLET>IAN SECTOR1 BUT1 AS WE WILL DISCUSS1 W\ND UP =M+ AN AMALGAM ?AT W\LD PROVE DISA/R\S = ! ,CUBAN WORK]S MOVEM5T4 

,BY ,JULY1 ! ,CUBAN ,/ATE WAS COMPLETELY 9 ! H&S ( ,CA/RO & HIS CLOSE/ GR\P ( COLLABORATORS4 ,MEMB]S ( ! ,CUBAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY W]E /ILL SE5 9 ! HI<E/ POSITIONS ( GOV]NM5T4 ,! AN>*I/S NOT$ ?IS ) CONSID]ABLE AL>M2 !Y UND]/OOD CORRECTLY ?AT ! 9FLU5CE ( ! ,C,C,P 9 ! GOV]NM5T & ! TRADE UNIONS MEANT A MORTAL BL[ TO !M1 BO? 9 ! %ORT & 9 ! LONG RUN4 ,! AN>*I/S' MO/ FRI<T5+ NI<TM>ES SOON BECAME ! REALITY4 ,CA/RO PUBLICLY DECL>$ ?AT HE HAD NO RELATION%IP ) ! ,C,C,P1 AL?\< HE RECOGNIZ$ ! EXI/5CE ( 0COMMUNI/S0 )9 HIS GOV]NM5T ALONG ) P]SONS ) ANTICOMMUNI/ AFFILIATIONS4 

,T[>DS ! 5D ( ! YE>1 ! ,X? ,NATIONAL ,CONGRESS ( ! ,C,W,R,C WAS HELD1 AT :I* A MAJORITY ( ?OSE PRES5T VOT$ TO ACCEPT ! !SIS ( 0,HUMANISM40 ,?IS WAS A NEW SPECIES ( PHILOSOPHY ?AT HAD BE5 CREAT$ AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! YE> & WAS SAID TO RISE ABOVE ! TRADITIONAL CAMPS ( COMMUNISM & CAPITALISM ?AT HAD BE5 E/ABLI%$ BY ! ,COLD ,W>4 ,IT PROCLAIM$ ! SLOGANS ( 0,BREAD ) ,LIB]TY0 & 0,LIB]TY ,)\T ,T]ROR40 ,CUBANS1 CREATIVE AS ALWAYS1 HAD 9V5T$ A TOTALLY NEW SOCIOECONOMIC SY/EM 9 ORD] TO COME UP ) AT LEA/ SOME SORT ( IDEOLOGICAL JU/IFICATION = ! NEW REGIME4 ,DAVID ,SALVADOR1 ! TOP LEAD] ( ! ,JULY #bf ,MOVEM5T FACTION1 PRES5T$ HIMSELF AS ITS MO/ 9TREPID *IEF4 ,= ITS P>T1 ! ,P,C,C1 WELL REPRES5T$ AT ?IS CONGRESS AL?\< 9 AN OBVI\S M9ORITY1 PUT =W>D ! MU/Y SLOGAN ( 0,UNITY40 ,BY ,NOVEMB] #b#c1 ! CONGRESS F\ND ITSELF TOTALLY DIVID$ ON ! QUE/IONS ( PASS+ RESOLUTIONS & ELECT+ LEAD]S4 ,! AN>*I/S 9 ! ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IAN ,ASSOCIATION PUBLI%$ 9 ,SOLID>ITY1 ON ! #a#e? ( ?AT MON?1 A 0,CALL TO ! ,X? ,CONGRESS10 9 :I* IT DECL>$ ?AT 0,! CONGRESSES ?AT WE SO LONG 5DUR$ HAD AS !IR ONLY IMPORTANT ISSUE ! QUE/ION ( ! DI/RIBUTION ( ! PO/S ( ! APP>ATUS40 ,IT 5D$ ON AN OPTIMI/IC NOTE3 0 444BUT WE W\LD LIKE TO HOPE ?AT ! PRES5T CONGRESS WILL M>K A /EP =W>D 9 ! ADVANCE ( REVOLUTION>Y SYNDICALISM10 & ADD$ HOPEFULLY 0?AT IT MI<T HELP RAISE ! PR(\ND QUE/IONS FAC+ ! PROLET>IAT ABOVE ! LEVEL ( P]SONALISM & SECT>IANISM ( CLIQUES & P>TIES4440 ,NONE ( ?IS HAPP5$4,9 ! FACE ( ! DIVISION OV] ! ROAD =W>D1 ,CA/RO P]SONALLY ADDRESS$ ! CONGRESS4 ,HE 9SI/$ ON ! NECESSITY ( 0DEF5D+ ! REVOLUTION10 :I* REQUIR$ 0TRULY REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]S10 BY ELECT+ A LEAD]%IP ?AT C\LD BE SUPPORT$ BY ALL ! DELEGATES TO ! CONGRESS1 & PROPOS$ ,DAVID ,SALVADOR = ?AT POSITION4 ,! ONLY FACTION ?AT \<T TO PREVAIL IS 0! P>TY ( ! C\NTRY10 ,CA/RO DECL>$4 ,9 EFFECT1 AS 9 ! OLD DAYS ( ! ,REPUBLIC 7AS MU* AS ONE W\LD LIKE TO R5\NCE & =GET ! FACT71 ! GOV]NM5T TURN$ ! ,G5]AL ,SECRET>Y ( ! ,C,W,R,C 9TO AN APP5DAGE OR M9I/] ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,! ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE WAS COMPOS$ ( DELEGATES FROM ! ,M#b#f,J & ! ,C,C,P4 ,ON ! #b#e? ( ,NOVEMB]1 ! LA/ DAY ( ! ,CONGRESS1 ! 0COMMUNI/0 LEAD]1 ,LAZ>O ,P5A1 ASSUM$ CONTROL ( ! LEAD]%IP ( ! WORK]S ORGANIZATION1 AL?\< ,DAVID ,SALVADOR REMA9$ ITS NOM9AL HEAD4 

,IT WAS ONLY LOGICAL ?AT ! TRADE UNION REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,J#b#f,M1 :O HAD OPPOS$ ! ,C,C,P TAK+ CONTROL ( ! CONGRESS & ! ,C,W,R,C AS A :OLE1 W\LD1 AFT] LI/5+ TO ! EXPLANATIONS ( ! ,FIDEL ,CA/RO1 ! 0SUPREME LEAD]10 ACCEPT ! GOV]NM5T'S DIRECTIVE )\T OBJECTION4 ,?IS WAS = ! SIMPLE REASON ?AT ORD]S CAME FROM ABOVE ?AT 9DICAT$ ?AT ONE EI!R AGREE TO IT OR GO TO JAIL4 0,FA!RL& OR ,DEA?1 ,WE ,WILL ,W960 ,& SO ! CONGRESS1 NICKNAM$ ! 0CONGRESS ( MELONS0 7OLIVE GRE5--! COLOR ( ! ,M#b#f,J--ON ! \TSIDE2 R$--! COLOR ( ! ,C,C,P--ON ! 9SIDE71 5D$1 ?US CLOS+ A C5TURY ( TRADE UNION /RUGGLES ?R\< :I* ! WORK]S HAD MANAG$ TO A*IEVE SOME GA9S 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ EMPLOY] ABUSE4 ,AT ?IS PO9T1 H[EV]1 EV]Y?+ *ANG$4 ,9 A FEW %ORT MON?S1 ! ,/ATE HAD TURN$ ITSELF 9TO ! TRUE1 ONE & ONLY1 BOSS4 

,! VISIT ( ! ,G]MAN AN>*I/ ,AGU/9 ,S\*Y TO ,HAVANA 9 ! SUMM] ( #aif IS NOT WELL KN[N4 ,EV5 LESS KN[N IS ! PUBLICATION ( HIS PAMPHLET1 0,AN ,EYEWITNESS ,ACC\NT ( ! ,CUBAN ,REVOLUTION10 :I* CONVEY$ HIS OP9ION AB\T ! ,CUBAN PEASANTRY & ! NEW ,AGR>IAN ,RE=M ,LAW1 ) :I* ,CA/RO TRI$ TO A/\ND & FOOL ! WORLD1 BEG9N+ ) ! ,CUBANS4 ,S\*Y HAD BE5 A FAM\S FIGURE 9 ! ,CUBAN LIB]T>IAN MILIEU S9CE ! PREVI\S YE>1 :51 KN[+ ?AT HE WAS CONSID]+ VISIT+ ,CUBA1 ,SOLID>ITY HAD PUBLI%$1 OV] SEV]AL ISSUES1 HIS LONG ESSAY1 TITL$ 0,LIB]T>IAN ,SOCIALISM10 ) ! PURPOSE ( CL>IFY+ BASIC LIB]T>IAN CONCEPTS & AS A HIDD5 HOPE ?AT !SE IDEAS MI<T TAKE CONCRETE =M 9 A NEW SOCIETY :OSE BASIC \TL9E HE HAD SKET*$ \T4 

,S\*Y'S VISIT CAME AT A DIFFICULT TIME1 :51 AS 9 ALL REVOLUTIONS 7& 9 W>71 ! PEOPLE B\NC$ BETWE5 FE>1 UNC]TA9TY & HOPE4 ,AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! YE>1 PROVOCATIONS AGA9/ ! AN>*I/S HAD BEGUN1 9 ! =M ( VEIL$ FALSE ACCUSATIONS MADE BY ! (FICIAL ORGAN ( ,CA/ROISM1 ,REVOLUTION4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ,S\*Y'S VISIT1 9VIT$ AS HE WAS BY ! GOV]NM5T TO /UDY & (F] HIS OP9ION ( ,CUBAN AGRICULTURE1 FILL$ MANY COMRADES ) 5?USIASM1 & ! ,G]MAN WRIT] WAS GREET$ ) JUBILATION 9 V>I\S EV5TS ORGANIZ$ 9 HIS HONOR & 9 A CORDIAL WELCOME HELD BY ! LIB]T>IAN MILIEU ON ,AUGU/ #a#e1 #a#i#f4 

,AS A /UD5T ( AGR>IAN PROBLEMS1 ,S\*Y HAD WRITT5 A PAMPHLET1 MU* COMM5T$ UPON 9 ,EUROPE1 TITL$ ,! ,COOP]ATIVES ( ,ISRAEL1 AB\T ! ORGANIZATION ( ! KIBBUTZES 9 ?AT C\NTRY4 ,! ,CUBAN GOV]NM5T HOP$ = SOME?+ SIMIL> FROM HIM AS A MEANS ( PROMOT+ ITS MASSIVE AGR>IAN PROGRAM & AS PROPAG&A 9T5D$ = ! 9T]NATIONAL AN>*I/ MILIEU4 ,?IS DIDN'T HAPP54 

,S\*Y TRAVEL$ ALL >\ND ,CUBAN ) HIS EYES & HIS HE>T OP5 TO ALL HE WAS %[N & ALL ?AT HE C\LD OBS]VE ON HIS [N4 ,CUBA1 HE SAID1 WAS APPROA*+ TOO CLOSELY TO ! ,SOVIET MODEL2 ! LACK ( FRE$OM & ( P]SONAL 9ITIATIVE C\LD LEAD NO:]E BUT TO ! C5TRALIZATION ( ! AGR>IAN SECTOR4 ,HE NOT$ ! SAME PROCESS 9 ! 5TIRE ECONOMY4 ,S\*Y WAS COMP>ABLY HONE/ ?R\<\T HIS ACC\NT & HIS PAMPHLET WAS PUBLI%$ )\T (FICIAL C5SURE4 ,H[EV]1 ?REE DAYS AFT] HE LEFT ,CUBA1 ! 5TIRE $ITION ( ?IS WORK WAS R\ND$ UP BY ! ,CA/ROI/ GOV]NM5T AT ! SUGGE/ION ( ! LEAD]%IP ( ! ,C,C,P & DE/ROY$ 9 ITS 5TIRETY4 ,LUCKILY = HI/ORY1 ! $ITORIAL BO>D ( ,RECON/RUCTION 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES1 ,>G5T9A1 REPRODUC$ ,S\*Y'S COMPLETE ORIG9AL V]SION1 ) AN EXCELL5T PREFACE BY ,JACOBO ,PR9CE1 9 ,DECEMB] ( ! SAME YE>4 

,9 ,JUNE #a#i#f1 CONV9C$ ?AT ,CA/RO WAS LEAN+ MORE & MORE T[>D E/ABLI%+ A TOTALIT>IAN GOV]NM5T ( ! ,M>XI/-,L59I/ TYPE1 ! ROAD TO :I* WAS SL[LY ASPHYXIAT+ ALL FRE$OM ( EXPRESSION1 COMMUNICATION1 ASSOCIATION & MOBILIZATION1 ! MAJORITY ( ! SECTIONS ( ! ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IAN ,ASSOCIATION DECID$ TO PUT \T A ,DECL>ATION ( ,PR9CIPLES1 PRES5T$ AS REPRES5T+ ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,SYNDICALI/ ,GR\P+ & SIGN$ BY ! ,GR\P ( ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SYNDICALI/S4 ,! PURPOSE ( US+ ?IS NAME WAS TO 0AVOID REPRESSION AGA9/ MEMB]S ( ! ,C,L,A40 ,! AIM ( ?IS DOCUM5T1 :I* IS VITAL = UND]/&+ ! SITUATION ( ! ,CUBAN AN>*I/S AT ?AT TIME1 WAS1 BESIDES ORI5T+ ! ,CUBAN PEOPLE1 TO W>N ! GOV]NM5T AB\T ! DISA/] T[>D :I* IT WAS HEAD+ & TO OP5 POLEMICS ) ! ,C,C,P1 SOME ( :OSE FIGURES W]E /ILL TO BE F\ND 9 IMPORTANT POSITIONS 9 P[]4,! ,DECL>ATION CONSI/$ ( EI<T PO9TS :I* ATTACK$ ! 0,/ATE 9 ALL ITS =MS03 IT DESCRIB$1 CONSI/5T ) LIB]T>IAN IDEAS1 ! ECONOMIC FUNCTIONS ( ! UNIONS & ! F$]ATIONS1 DECL>$ ?AT ! 0L&0 %\LD 0BELONG TO ?OSE :O WORK IT10 HELD UP 0COLLECTIVE & COOP]ATIVE WORK0 AS AN ALT]NATIVE TO ! C5TRALISM PROPOS$ 9 ! GOV]NM5T'S ,AGR>IAN ,RE=M1 EMPHASIZ$ FREE COLLECTIVE $UCATION = *ILDR51 LIKEWISE ) CULTURE1 POLEMICIZ$ AGA9/ NATIONALISM1 MILIT>ISM & IMP]IALISM1 :I* IT D5\NC$ AS NOXI\S1 OPPOS$ ! PLANS TO MILIT>IZE ! PEOPLE1 FE>LESSLY ATTACK$ 0BUREAUCRATIC C5TRALISM0 9 FAVOR ( F$]ALISM1 PROPOS$ ! IMM$IATE GRANT+ ( 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TY 0AS A WAY TO A*IEVE COLLECTIVE LIB]TY0 &1 F9ALLY1 DECL>$ ?AT ! ,CUBAN ,REVOLUTION WAS LIKE ! SEA1 ?AT IS1 BELONG$ TO EV]YBODY1 :ILE 5]GETICALLY CONDEMN+ ! 0AU?ORIT>IAN T5D5CIES ?AT >E DEVELOP+ )9 ! V]Y HE>T ( ! REVOLUTION40 ,!RE'S LITTLE D\BT ?AT ?IS WAS ONE ( ! FIR/ DIRECT ATTACKS AGA9/ ! REGIME ?AT CAME FROM AN IDEOLOGICAL /&PO9T4 

,! RESPONSE WAS NOT LONG 9 COM+4 ,9 ,AUGU/1 ! ORGAN ( ! ,C,C,P1 ,TODAY1 UND] ! SIGNATURE ( ! P>TY'S ,G5]AL ,SECRET>Y1 ,BLAS ,ROCA1 ! HI<E/ RANK+ LEAD] ( ! 0COMMUNI/0 CADRES1 REPLI$ TO ! AN>*I/ DECL>ATION 9 VIOL5T T]MS1 US+ ! SAME FALSE *>GES AS ?OSE ( #a#i#c#d1 & ADD+ ! DANG]\S ACCUSATION ?AT ! AU?ORS W]E 0AG5TS ( ! ,YANKEE ,/ATE ,DEP>TM5T40 ,9 ! WORDS ( ONE ( ! AU?ORS ( ! ,DECL>ATION1 ,ABEL>DO ,IGLESIAS1 0444F9ALLY1 ! =M] PAL ( ,BATI/A444,BLAS ,ROCA1 ANSW]$ US 9 ! ,SUNDAY SUPPLEM5T1 PIL+ 9SULTS ON 9JURIES40 ,IT WAS SIGNIFICANT ?AT 9 RESPONSE TO AN ATTACK ON ! ,CA/RO GOV]NM5T IT WAS ! HI<E/ LEAD] ( ! ,C,C,P :O CAME \T 9 DEF5SE ( ! REGIME4 ,9 ! SUMM] ( #a#i#f1 ALL D\BTS AB\T ! NATURE ( ! REGIME BEGAN TO BE DISPELL$4 

,FROM ?AT MOM5T1 ?OSE AN>*I/S :O W]E 5EMIES ( ! REGIME HAD TO GO UND]GR\ND4 ,A POLEMIC AGA9/ ,ROCA'S ATTACK WAS PLANN$1 BUT1 9 ,IGLESIAS' WORDS1 0WE DID NOT SUCCE$ 9 CONV9C+ \R PR9T]S1 ALREADY T]RORIZ$ BY ! DICTATOR%IP1 TO PR9T IT4 ,NOR WAS IT POSSIBLE TO PUT \T AN UND]GR\ND $ITION40 ,?IS WAS A QUE/ION ( A PAMPHLET ( #e PAGES REPLY+ TO ! ,C,C,P & ,ROCA4 ,ONE MON? BE=E1 ! ,LIB]T>IAN HAD D$ICAT$ ITS ,JULY #ai $ITION TO CELEBRAT+ ! 0,H]OIC ATTITUDE ( ! ,SPANI% AN>*I/S 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f40 ,! COMPON5TS ( ! ,C,N,T 9 ,HAVANA1 5?USIA/IC AT ! REVOLUTION>Y TRIUMPH1 CALL$ = ! VIOL5T OV]?R[ ( ,FRANCO4 ,?AT SAME ISSUE1 VIRTUALLY 5TIRELY D$ICAT$ TO ! LIB]T>IAN ROLE 9 ,SPA9 DUR+ & AFT] ! ,CIVIL ,W>1 GAVE AN ACC\NT1 ON ITS LA/ PAGE & 9 AN ALMO/ PA!TIC FA%ION1 ( ! ,C,L,A & ! 0/RUGGLE AGA9/ ! ,BATI/A DICTATOR%IP40 ,! PR9T RUN WAS L>GE & ! NEWSPAP] REM9D$ ! GOV]NM5T (! ,CUBAN AN>*I/S' COMMITM5T TO REVOLUTION & FRE$OM4 ,?OSE W]E ! LA/ IDEOLOGICAL %OTS FIR$4 ,! ,LIB]T>IAN DISAPPE>$ ?AT SAME SUMM]4 

,! MO/ MILITANT ,CUBAN AN>*I/S HAD FEW *OICES4 ,AFT] ! ,DECL>ATION !Y KNEW !Y W\LD BE H>ASS$ BY ! BL9D S]VANTS ( ! REGIME :O1 CONV]T$ 9TO TRUE SYCOPHANTS1 ASSIGN$ !MSELVES ! TASK ( D5\NC+ ANY ,CUBAN :O WAS NOT 9 AGREEM5T ) ! REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS4 ,AN ACCUSATION ( 0C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y0 WAS A ONE-WAY TICKET TO JAIL OR A TRIP TO ! EXECUTION]'S WALL4 ,! REASONS ! LIB]T>IANS DECID$ TO /RUGGLE AGA9/ ,/ATE T]RORISM ?R\< VIOL5CE W]E AS VALID !N AS !Y HAD BE5 BE=E4 ,AN>*O-SYNDICALISM )9 ! TRADE UNIONS & ! WORK]S F$]ATIONS HAD1 AS WE'VE SE51 PASS$ 9TO ! ,H]EAFT]4 ,!RE WAS NO SPACE 9 :I* TO EX]CISE FRE$OM ( ! PRESS OR C>RY \T PROPAG&A 9 FAVOR ( ONE'S IDEAS4 ,TO ATTACK ! REGIME WAS A CRIME ( LESE PATRIA4 ,! ECONOMIC POLICIES ( ! REGIME W]E LEAD+ TO ! ,SOVIETIZATION ( ,CUBA ) ALL ITS NEGATIVE CONSEQU5CES4 ,ALL :O PROPOS$ ANY IDEAS DIFF]5T FROM ?OSE ?AT CAME FROM ! ,/ATE W]E P]SECUT$ ) A F]OCITY HI!RTO UNKN[N1 :ILE ! ,/ATE HAD COME TO TAKE OV] ALL ! HOMES1 L>GE PROP]TIES1 BUS9ESSES1 RAN*ES1 SUG> PLANTATIONS1 TOBACCO FIELDS1 9 %ORT1 ALL ! RI*E/ ( ! C\NTRY ?AT1 UNTIL ?AT MOM5T1 HAD BE5 [N$ BY ! WEAL?IE/ LAY] ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 NATIONAL CAPITALISM & ! ,CUBAN-,NOR? ,AM]ICAN BANKS4 

,!SE 0NATIONALIZATIONS0 & EXPROPRIATIONS W]E NOT CRITICIZ$ BY ! LIB]T>IANS4 ,:AT !Y OPPOS$1 ACCORD+ TO ! ,DECL>ATION1 WAS ! /ATE-IZATION ( ! 5TIRE WEAL? ( ! C\NTRY 9 ! H&S ( ,CA/RO & ! ,C,C,P4 ,IT WAS !N NECESS>Y TO TAKE TO ! H>D ROAD ( CL&E/9E ACTIVITY OR EXILE 9 ORD] TO BEG9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! NEW & P[]FUL DICTATOR%IP1 :I*1 AS ,CA/O ,MOSCU EXPLA9$1 0444HAD CONV9C$ US ?AT ALL \R EF=TS & ?OSE ( \R PEOPLE HAD BE5 9 VA9 & ?AT WE HAD >RIV$ AT A SITUATION ?AT WAS BO? EXTREMELY DIFFICULT & F> WORSE ?AN ANY ( ! EVILS WE HAD HI!RTO /RUGGL$ AGA9/40 ,9 ! FACE ( ! TOTALIT>IAN SITUATION1 ! GREAT MAJORITY ( ,CUBAN AN>*I/S DECID$ TO REVOLT1 9ITIAT+ A /RUGGLE ?AT WAS CONDEMN$ FROM ! FIR/ DAY TO 5D UP AS A TOTAL FIASCO4 

,9 ! FACE ( ! ,CA/ROITE REPRESSION1 MANY ( ! AN>*I/S :O HAD F\<T AGA9/ ! ,BATI/A DICTATOR%IP ) ! DIFF]5T GU]RILLA /RUGGLES 9 ! WE/]N1 C5TRAL & EA/]N P>TS ( ! C\NTRY1 SAW NO O!R ROAD ?AN TO RESORT ONCE AGA9 TO >MS4 ,AS ,MOSCU SAID1 0AN 9F9ITE NUMB] ( MANIFE/OS1 D5\NC+ ! FALSE PO/ULATES ( ! ,CA/ROITE REVOLUTION & CALL+ ! PEOPLE 9TO OPPOSITION1 W]E WRITT54 

,MEET+S W]E HELD TO DEBATE !MES & TO MAKE PEOPLE AW>E ( ! DISGRACEFUL REALITY ?AT CONFRONT$ US10 & 0PLANS W]E MADE TO C>RY \T SABOTAGE AGA9/ ! KEY PROPS ( ! ,/ATE4440 ,N[ TOTALLY COMMITT$ TO ! >M$ /RUGGLE1 ACCORD+ TO ,MOSCU1 !SE MILITANTS 0BEGAN TO P>TICIPATE 9 COOP]ATIVE EF=TS TO SUPPORT GU]RILLA /RUGGLES ?AT ALREADY EXI/$ 9 V>I\S P>TS ( ! C\NTRY40 ,?IS 9VOLV$ 9 P>TICUL> TWO IMPORTANT GU]RILLA GR\PS 9 ! SAME >EA ?AT W]E OP]AT+ ) GREAT DIFFICULTY [+ TO ! FACT ?AT ! ,SI]RA ,OCCID5TAL IS NOT V]Y HI<1 :ILE ! PROV9CE 9 :I* ! /RUGGLE OCCURR$ IS N>R[ & V]Y CLOSE TO ,HAVANA4 0,MORE DIRECT CONTACT EXI/$ ) ! GU]RILLAS L$ BY ,CAPTA9 ,P$RO ,SAN*EZ 9 ,SAN ,CRI/OBAL1 S9CE \R COMRADES W]E ACTIVELY 9VOLV$ 9 ! GU]RILLA /RUGGLE !RE1 9CLUD+ SUPPLY+ IT ) WEAPONS4 ,WE ALSO DID ALL WE C\LD TO HELP ! GU]RILLAS COMM&$ BY ,FRANCISCO ,ROBA9A 7,MA*ETE7 :O OP]AT$ 9 ! SAME M\NTA9 RANGE40 ,\R COMRADE1 ,AUGU/O ,SAN*EZ1 A FI<T] 9 !SE GU]RILLA /RUGGLES1 WAS ASSASS9AT$ AFT] BE+ TAK5 PRISON]4 ,S9CE ! GU]RILLAS W]E CONSID]$ TO BE B&ITS BY ! GOV]NM5T1 ! LIVES ( ?OSE CAPTUR$ W]E R>ELY SP>$4 

,BESIDES ,AUGU/O ,SAN*EZ1 ! FOLL[+ 0COMBATANT COMRADES0 W]E KILL$3 ,ROL&O ,TAM>GO & ,V5TURA ,SU>EZ1 %OT2 ,SEBA/IAN ,AGUIL>1 ,JR41 KILL$ BY RIFLE FIRE2 ,EUSEBIO ,OT]O1 MURD]$ 9 HIS HOME2 ,RAUL ,NEGR91 H>ASS$ BY P]SECUTION1 %OT HIMSELF4 ,9 ADDITION1 ASIDE FROM ,MOSCU1 ! FOLL[+ COMRADES W]E >RE/$ & S5T5C$ TO PRISON T]MS3 ,MODE/O ,P9EIRO1 ,FLOREAL ,B>R]A1 ,SURIA ,L9SUA91 ,MANUEL ,GONZALEZ1 ,JOSE ,AC5A1 ,ISIDRO ,MOSCU1 ,NORB]TO ,TORRES1 ,SIC9IO ,TORRES1 ,JOSE ,M&ADO ,M>COS1 ,PLACIDO ,M5DEZ & ,LUIS ,L9SUA91 !SE LA/ TWO1 (FIC]S 9 ! ,REBEL ,>MY4 ,FRANCISCO ,AGUIRRE DI$ 9 PRISON2 ,VICTORIANO ,H]N&EZ1 SICK & BL9D$ BY ! TORTURES ( IMPRISONM5T1 COMMITT$ SUICIDE2 & ,JOSE ,ALV>EZ ,MI*ELTOR5A1 DI$ A FEW WEEKS AFT] GETT+ \T ( JAIL4 

,ON ,MAY #a1 #a#i#f#a1 ,CA/RO DECL>$ HIS GOV]NM5T 0SOCIALI/10 79 REALITY1 ,/AL9I/74 ,?IS POS$ A DILEMMA = ! LIB]T>IANS 9SIDE & \TSIDE ,CUBA4 ,! REGIME DEM&$ TOTAL COMMITM5T FROM ITS MILITANTS & SYMPA?IZ]S4 ,!RE WAS NO RI<T TO AB/A9 OR TO TAKE A NEUTRAL POSITION4 ,?AT HAD GONE ! WAY ( ! DODO4 ,! ,?IRD ,REPUBLIC1 PRESID$ OV] BY A BUDD+ DICTATOR1 (F]$ NO ALT]NATIVE BUT TO BE UND] ITS CONTROL OR TO *OOSE ONE ( ?REE OPTIONS3 JAIL1 ! WALL 7EXECUTION71 OR EXILE4 

,AFT] !IR 9ITIAL 5C\NT]S ) ! MO/ ,/AL9I/ SECTORS ( ! ,C,C,P1 ! SECTIONS ( ! ,ASSOCIATION ( ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IANS UND]/OOD ?AT ! REGIME1 WELL ON ! ROAD TO TOTALIT>IANISM1 WAS NOT GO+ TO ALL[ AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION TO EXI/4 ,! ,CUBAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 P]SECUT$ BY ! REPRESSIVE ORGANS ( ,CA/RO'S DICTATOR%IP1 WAS =C$ TO GO 9TO EXILE4 

,?IS WAS NOT ! FIR/ TIME ?AT ,CUBAN AN>*I/S HAD S\<T REFUGE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,S9CE ! #a#i? C5TURY1 ,TAMPA1 ,KEY ,WE/1 & ,NEW ,YORK1 :]E !Y HAD ! OPPORTUNITY BO? TO E>N A LIV+ & TO MA9TA9 ! PROXIMITY TO ,CUBA NECESS>Y TO CONT9UE ! /RUGGLE1 HAD BE5 ! SITES ( *OICE ( ?OSE P]SECUT$ COMRADES4 ,DUR+ ! ,MA*ADO & ,BATI/A DICTATOR%IPS1 ! EXILES HAD GONE TO ! SAME SPOTS1:]E !Y W]E ABLE TO MAKE CONTACT ) O!R AN>*I/ GR\PS PRES5T 9 ,NEW ,YORK4 

,9 ! SUMM] ( #aifa 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 A GR\P ( ,CUBAN AN>*I/S EXIL$ 9 ?AT CITY =M$ ! ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IAN ,MOVEM5T 9 ,EXILE 7,C,L,M,E74 ,AT ! SAME TIME & ) ! SAME PURPOSE1 ANO!R GR\P ( ,CUBAN AN>*I/S1 KN[N AS ! ,G5]AL ,DELEGATION1 WAS ORGANIZ$ 9 ,FLORIDA4 ,! GR\P 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 ALMO/ ALL AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S FROM ! ,FOOD,WORK]S ,UNION1 E/ABLI%$ ! FIR/ CONTACTS ) ,SPANI% AN>*I/S BAS$ 9 ,BO/ON1 :O1 ?R\< ! EF=TS ( ,COMRADE ,GOMEZ1 HAD BE5 ORGANIZ$ 9 ! ,AURORA ,CLUB4 ,ALSO 9 ?AT P]IOD1 CONTACTS W]E MADE ) ANO!R GR\P ( ,SPANI% COMRADES LOCAT$ 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 GUID$ BY ,J4 ,GONZALEZ ,MALO & GR\P$ >\ND ! LONGTIME LIB]T>IAN ORGAN1 ,PROLET>IAN ,CULTURE4 

,BUT )\T A %AD[ ( A D\BT1 ! L>GE/ MEASURE ( COOP]ATION & SOLID>ITY ?AT ! ,CUBAN ,LIB]T>IAN ,MOVEM5T AT ?AT TIME RECEIV$ CAME FROM AN AN>*I/ GR\P KN[N AS ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,LEAGUE1 GUID$ BY ,SAM ,DOLG(F & ,RUSSELL ,BLACKWEIL4 ,! LATT] HAD F\<T 9 ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W> & 5JOY$ SOME R5[N AMONG ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA DESPITE1 OR P]HAPS BECAUSE (1 HIS PRIOR HI/ORY AS A ,TROTSKYI/4 ,SAM ,DOLG(F WAS AT ?AT TIME ONE ( ! MO/ RESPECT$ FIGURES 9 ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN AN>*I/ MILIEU & POSSESS$ A SIGNIFICANT REVOLUTION>Y HI/ORY1 ASIDE FROM EX]CIS+ GREAT 9FLU5CE )9 ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN LEFT4 ,WE CAN'T =GET HIS COMPANION1 ,ES!R ,DOLG(F1 ALWAYS AT HIS SIDE & (T5 9 FRONT1 A WOMAN D$ICAT$ S9CE H] Y\? TO ! SOCIAL /RUGGLE & TO ! LIB]ATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,ALSO WORK+ 9 ?IS GR\P WAS ,ABE ,BLUE/E9 :O1 LIKE ! RE/1 ID5TIFI$ ) ! ,CUBANS4 ,IT WAS ?IS GR\P ( AN>*I/S ?AT HAD F\ND$ ! ABOVE M5TION$ ,LIB]T>IAN ,LEAGUE1 :OSE M\?PIECE WAS A BULLET9 CALL$ ,VIEWS & ,COMM5TS4 ,)\T ! COLLABORATION ( ALL ! PEOPLE 9 ?IS AN>*I/ ASSOCIATION1 ! WORK ( ! ,CUBAN AN>*I/S W\LD HAVE BE5 MU* MORE DIFFICULT4 

,9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#f1 A PAMPHLET ( #af PAGES1 TITL$ ,MANIFE/O ( ! ,AN>*I/S ( ,*ILI ON ! ,CUBAN ,REVOLUTION 9 ! ,FACE ( ,YANKEE & ,RUSSIAN ,IMP]IALISM1 WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ,SANTIAGO1 ,*ILI4 ,?IS DOCUM5T D5\NC$ ,CA/ROISM = ! FIR/ TIME ON ! HEMISPH]IC LEVEL & WAS 9 FULL AGREEM5T ) ! MANIFE/O PUBLI%$ BY ! LIB]T>IANS 9 ,HAVANA4 ,?IS WORK1 :I* IS NOT WELL KN[N [+ TO POOR DI/RIBUTION & TO SABOTAGE ON ! P>T ( ! ,*ILEAN ,L59I/S1 FUR!R CL>IFI$ ! POSITION ( AN>*I/S ON ! QUE/ION ( ,CA/ROISM4 ,! MANIFE/O REMA9$ BURI$ 9 ! %AD[S ( MY/]Y4 

,CONDEMN$ TO #b YE> PRISON T]MS1 ,ISIDRO ,MOSCU & ,PLACIDO ,M5DEZ W]E /UCK 9 ! ,CUBAN JAILS4 ,SURIA ,L9SUA9 COMPLET$ A M9OR T]M1 BUT HIS BRO!R1 ,LUIS1 WAS CONDEMN$ TO DEA? = ATTEMPT+ TO ASSASS9ATE ,RAUL ,CA/RO4 ,AS IT HELP$ ! =M]1 ! ,C,L,M,E MOBILIZ$ 9T]-NATIONAL AN>*I/ OP9ION TO SAVE ,LUIS' LIFE1 :ILE ACTIVAT+ 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY 9 SUPPORT ( ALL ! AN>*I/S SUFF]+ 9 ,CA/RO'S JAILS4 

,9 #a#i#f#b1 ! MEMB]S ( ! ,C,L,M,E LAUN*$ ITS PROPAG&A CAMPAIGN ) ! PUBLICATION ( ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,9=MATION ,BULLET91 RECEIV+ SELFLESS & SPONTANE\S SUPPORT FROM ,VIEWS & ,COMM5TS 9 ,NEW ,YORK & ! 5DORSEM5T ( ! ,>G5T9E ,LIB]T>IAN ,F$]ATION BY VIRTUE ( A RESOLUTION PASS$ AT ITS ,V? ,CONGRESS1 HELD 9 ,BU5OS ,AIRES1 & PUBLICIZ$ 9 ITS ORGAN1 ,LIB]T>IAN ,ACTION4 ,BO? ! ,>G5T9E & ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN COMRADES RESPOND$ TO ! CALL ( ! EXIL$ ,CUBAN AN>*I/S FROM ! FIR/ MOM5T & ?IS SUPPORT WAS NEV] TO WAV] 9 ! DIFFICULT YE>S TO COME4 ,%ORTLY !REAFT]1 ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I 7! ,SPANI% ,NATIONAL ,CONF$]ATION ( ,LABOR & ! ,IB]IAN ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION7 & AN 9F9ITE NUMB] ( O!R AN>*I/ F$]ATIONS1 GR\P+S & COLLECTIVES ?R\<\T ! WORLD ALSO DEMON/RAT$ !IR SOLID>ITY4 

,! ,PRES5T ,REALITY 

  

,TODAY1 AS WAS ! CASE #d YE>S AGO1 ! ,CUBAN PEOPLE LIVE 9 ! FACE ( ! ?REAT ( ,YANKEE 9T]V5TION1 :ILE SUFF]+ ! T]ROR & DESPOTISM ( ,CA/RO-,FASCISM1 ) ! ONLY DIFF]5CE ?AT TODAY ! ,CA/ROI/ SY/EM IS MORE SOPHI/ICAT$ & EV5 MORE OPPRESSIVE4 ,! JAILS REMA9 FULL ( OPPOSITIONI/S & Y\NG PEOPLE :O CONT9UALLY REBEL AGA9/ TOTALIT>IANISM & ! LACK ( FRE$OM4 ,! EXECUTION]'S WALL IS /ILL ! ALT]NATIVE = ?OSE :O /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! REGIME OR 9T5D TO FLEE ITS ABSOLUTISM4 

,YET1 9EXPLICABLY1 ! 0,CUBAN ,REVOLUTION10 AS 0LEFTI/S0 LIKE TO CALL ! ,CA/ROI/ DICTATOR%IP1 CONT9UES TO RECEIVE SO-CALL$ 0CRITICAL SUPPORT40 ,WE SEE H[ BROAD SECTORS ( ! 0LEFT0 :O OPPOSE ! DEA? P5ALTY1 UNIV]SAL MILIT>Y S]VICE 7! DRAFT71 C5SOR%IP 9 ! MASS M$IA1 FRAME-UPS C>RI$ \T AGA9/ FI<T]S = SOCIAL JU/ICE UND] ! GUISE ( FI<T+ T]RORISM1 AS !Y D5\NCE GAG LAWS ?AT PROHIBIT FREE RADIO /ATIONS1 AS WELL AS NUCLE> P[]1 :ILE FAC+ SURVEILLANCE C>RI$ \T BY ! REPRESSIVE APP>ATUS ( ! ,/ATES1 NEV]!LESS JU/IFY1 & EV5 APPLAUD & SUPPORT1 !SE SAME \TRAGES 9 ! NAME ( ANTI-IMP]IALISM4 0,CRITICAL SUPPORT0 HAS BE5 & /ILL IS A SLOGAN = EXT]NAL BUT NOT 9T]NAL CONSUMPTION4 ,IT IS BAS$ ON A TOTALIT>IAN & ,MANI*EAN TYPE ( ?\<T3 0) ! REVOLUTION & AGA9/ IMP]IALISM10 9 O!R WORDS1 ?OSE :O DON'T SUPPORT US >E 9 FAVOR ( ,YANKEE IMP]IALISM & !RE=E REACTION>Y4 ,?IS WAY ( ?9K+ IS ! SAME AS ?AT ( ,HITL]1 ,MUSSOL9I & ,FRANCO4 

,( C\RSE1 ,CA/ROI/ PROPAG&A REIT]ATES ?IS SLOGAN ON ! GLOBAL LEVEL ) ALL ! P[] ( ITS DOLL>S & ITS 9VITATIONS ( FREE VACATIONS 9 ,CUBA1 :ILE A MYRIAD ( HACKS & SCRIBES WELL V]S$ 9 OBSCUR+ REALITY ) S]MONS & P>ABLES HAVE NEV] BE5 LACK+4 ,ALL ( :I* LEADS US TO AN OBJECTIVE VISION ( TODAY'S ,CUBA3 AN ISL& MORALLY1 PHYSICALLY & ECONOMICALLY RU9$1 :OSE 9HABITANTS RISK 9CR$IBLE DANG]S TO ESCAPE & :]E1 IRONICALLY1 FUN]ALS >E FREE4 ,A GIGANTIC SATRAPY OPPRESSES \R PEOPLE1 & :5 ANYONE D5\NCES ! CRIME1 HE_/%E IS ACCUS$ ( BE+ 9 ! PAY ( IMP]IALISM4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ! REALITY IS EVID5T1 AS ALL CURI\S TRAVEL]S :O DON'T WI% TO S+ ! SIR5'S SONG CAN PROVE TO !MSELVES4 

,)9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T TODAY1 ?OSE :O OPPOSE ,CA/RO'S REGIME >E NOT 7AT LEA/ NOT 9 !IR MAJORITY71 ! SAME AS ?OSE AN>*I/ SECTORS :I* 9 ! PA/ D5\NC$ ,CA/RO'S CRIMES AGA9/ AN>*I/ COMRADES4 ,TODAY1 SU* D5UNCIATIONS ( ,CA/RO'S DICTATOR%IP >E HE>D 9 ALL CORN]S ( ! WORLD4 ,WE CAN ALSO SEE ?AT EA* DAY !RE >E FEW] H>D-CORE DEF5D]S ( ,CA/RO'S TYRANNY 9 ! CURR5T MOVEM5T ( ! OPPRESS$1 9 ! NUCLEI ( RESI/ANCE TO ,CAPITAL1 AMONG ?OSE 9VOLV$ 9 DIRECT CONFRONTATIONS1 & AMONG ! M5 & WOM5 :O FI<T 9 A DEC5TRALIZ$ & AUTONOM\S FA%ION = WORK]S CONTROL ( ! FACTORIES1 ! 9DIG5\S COMMUNITIES1 ! UNIV]SITIES1 ! OPPRESS$ COMMUNITIES1 & \R [N LIVES4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 TODAY ,CA/RO'S DEF5D]S >E TO BE F\ND AMONG ! RANK & FILE ( ! RE=MI/ MOVEM5TS & ( ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 AMONG ?OSE :O VOTE 0,LEFTI/10 AMONG ! MILITANTS ( ,LULA'S ,LABOR ,P>TY1 AMONG ! SYMPA?IZ]S ( ,KIR*N]1 9 ! ,BOLIV>IAN BUREAUCRACY ( ,HUGO ,*AVEZ1 & AMONG ! IDEOLOGUES ( ,*RI/IAN ,DEMOCRACY1 9 %ORT1 AMONG BUREAUCRATIC LEFT-W+ ORGANIZATIONS1 RANG+ FROM P>ASITIC TRADE UNIONS & PATRONAGE ORGANIZATIONS TO FOSSILIZ$ /UD5T F$]ATIONS & ,POPUL> ,FRONTS 79 CAPITAL LETT]S74 ,!Y >E ALSO F\ND 9 ,EUROPEAN & ,LAT9 ,AM]ICAN GR\PS ( CAPITALI/S :O TODAY 9VE/ 9 ,CUBA & >E PREP>+ 0CAPITALISM ) A HUMAN FACE0 = US1 :ILE !Y BRIDLE /RUGGLES = SELF-DET]M9ATION & SELF-MANAGEM5T ?R\<\T ! CONT95T & ! 5TIRE PLANET4 ,TODAY1 ! ,CUBAN REGIME1 ) ALL ( ITS SUPPOS$ ADVANCES ?AT ITS SUPPORT]S /ILL CR[ AB\T1 IS NO LONG] ! EXAMPLE OR ! ROAD TO FOLL[1 EV5 = ITS DEF5D]S4 

,TODAY'S ,CUBA IS A HUGE PLANTATION 9 ! FI/ ( A CRUEL & BLOODY OV]SE] :O DOES NOT HESITATE TO REPRESS ) ALL ! MEANS AT HIS DISPOSAL4 ,CUBA NE$S & DESIRES FRE$OM1 BO? 9DIVIDUAL & COLLECTIVE4 ,AFT] ! COLLAPSE ( ! ,SOVIET 0ANCI5 REGIME10 ! ECONOMIC CRISIS 9 ,CUBA HAS REA*$ CATA/ROPHIC PROPORTIONS1 :ILE NUTRITI\S FRUGALITY IS DAILY TRANS=M$ 9TO DIRE POV]TY4 ,! ,CUBAN WORK+ CLASS HAS LO/ ALL ITS RI<TS1 :ILE ! TRADE UNIONS >E NO?+ BUT ORGANS ( ! /ATE4 ,PROTE/ IS A S9 & /RIK+ IS A CRIME4 ,ALL ?IS MAY SEEM EXAGG]AT$1 & ACTUALLY1 IT IS1 BUT IT IS ! REALITY UND] :I* ! ISL& LIVES4 ,& WE 9VITE ALL COMRADES :O WI% TO CORROBORATE !SE FACTS TO VISIT ,CUBA1 AWAY FROM ! 0REVOLUTION>Y0 T\RS & ! SIR5S' SONGS4 

,! ULTIMATE R$\BT ( ,CA/ROISM IS AN EFFICI5T & IMAG9ATIVE PROPAG&A APP>ATUS4 ,9 #a#i#i#b1 WE SAW IT AT WORK DUR+ ,CA/RO'S VISIT TO ! ,IB]IAN ,P59SULA :]E HE W5T TO CELEBRATE1 ALONG ) ! RE/ ( ! CORRUPT RUL]S ( ! WORLD1 ! ,FIF? ,C5T5>Y ( ,SPANI% G5OCIDE1 JU/IFY+ ) HIS PRES5CE #e YE>S ( IGNOM9IES ON ! ,LAT9 ,AM]ICAN CONT95T C>RI$ \T BY ! 0MO!R C\NTRY0 & O!R1 NO LESS CRUEL /EPMO!RS4 ,ON ?AT OCCASION1 WE C\LD V]IFY JU/ H[ F> !SE HYPOCRITICAL 0LEFTI/S0 W\LD GO :5 !Y D5\NC$ ! O!R GOV]NM5TS ?AT L5T !MSELVES TO ?IS 0CELEBRATION10 :ILE PASS+ OV] 9 COMPLETE SIL5CE ,CA/RO'S P>TICIPATION 9 ! EV5T4 ,REC5TLY1 ?IS TYPICAL 0LEFTI/0 HYPOCRISY WAS ALSO APP>5T DUR+ ,CA/RO'S VISIT TO ,>G5T9A1 AT ! 9AUGURATION ( ,NE/OR ,KIR*N]1 :O EXPLICITLY PROMOTES ,M,],C,O,S,U,R 7! ,COMMON ,M>KET ( S\!RN ,LAT9 ,AM]ICA71 AS ! HUMAN FACE ( CAPITALISM4 

,MO/ REC5TLY1 UNEMPLOYM5T 9 ,CUBA HAS GR[N GEOMETRICALLY1 :ILE ! SY/EM ( FREE PUBLIC HEAL? C>E SCREAMS = MOD]N TE*NOLOGY & ! SC>CITY ( M$IC9E HAS BECOME TRULY FRI<T5+4 ,MEAN:ILE1 ! $UCATIONAL SY/EM1 :I* IS TOTALLY COMPLICIT ) ! SY/EM1 & P>TICUL>LY 9 ! MOBILIZATION ( 0VOLUNT>Y0 LABOR 9 AGRICULTURE1 IS TOTALLY LACK+ 9 ANY TYPE ( CRITICAL ?9K+ & HUMANISM4 

,/UD5TS CAN NEI!R ?9K AB\T FRE$OM OR EV5 DISCUSS OR CRITICIZE ! $UCATIONAL SY/EM4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #g? ,MAY #bba FROM UTOPIANMAG4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,:O ,>E ,WE8 -- ,ADD$4 

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