,:AT TO ,EXPECT FROM ! ,CONV5TIONS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,PREP>$ AS A CONTRIBUTION TO ,9 ! ,MIDDLE ( A ,:IRLW9D3 #bh ,CONV5TION ,PROTE/S1 ,MOVEM5T & ,MOVEM5TS1 A PROJECT COORD9AT$ BY ,TEAM ,COLORS & PUBLI%$ BY ,! ,J\RNAL ( ,ES!TICS & ,PROTE/ 

,! ,%ORT ,ANSW] 

  

,IF Y\ PLAN TO ATT5D ! DEMON/RATIONS AT ! ,DEMOCRATIC OR ,REPUBLICAN ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TIONS1 Y\ %\LD ALREADY KN[ :AT Y\ 9T5D TO ACCOMPLI% !RE & H[ Y\ WILL GO AB\T IT4 ,IF1 = EXAMPLE1 Y\ 9T5D TO BLOCKADE A /REET1 Y\ %\LD ALREADY BE 9 A COMMITT$ AFF9ITY GR\P1 HAVE PICK$ \T A LOCATION1 & BE HAMM]+ \T ! DETAILS4 ,?+S NEV] GO AS PLANN$1 BUT PREP>ATION HELPS GET ?+S (F ON ! RI<T FOOT4 ,IF Y\ HAV5'T DONE ANY ( ?IS YET1 !RE'S /ILL TIME1 BUT GET A MOVE ON--ONE ?+ ?AT HAS BE5 PROV5 NOT TO WORK AT MASS MOBILIZATIONS IS = EV]YONE TO %[ UP HOP+ EV]YONE ELSE HAS DONE ! WORK4 

,D\BTLESS1 !RE WILL BE SOME--P]HAPS T51 P]HAPS T5 ?\S&--= :OM ! CONV5TIONS >E A LIFE-*ANG+ EXP]I5CE1 & O!RS = :OM !Y WILL BE NONEV5TS4 ,WE GET \T ( LIFE :AT WE PUT 94 ,BUT ONE HAS TO PRIORITIZE--SO H[ IMPORTANT >E !SE CONV5TIONS1 ANYWAY8 

,! ,LONG ,ANSW] 

  

,TO ANSW] ?IS QUE/ION1 LET US3  

REAPPRAISE ! EFFECTIV5ESS ( MASS MOBILIZATIONS 9 G5]AL  

CONSID] ! CURR5T CONTEXT  

SCRUT9IZE ! MOTIVATIONS & 9FRA/RUCTURES ( BO? ! ORGANIZ]S & ! AU?ORITIES  

& EXAM9E ! SPECIFIC /RATEGIES ?AT HAVE BE5 PROPOS$ = ! PROTE/S4  
  

,ADVISORY3 ,! P]NICI\S ?+ AB\T ANALYZES LIKE ?IS ONE IS ?AT1 9 FRAM+ HUMAN ACTIVITY ON ! /AGE ( WORLD HI/ORY RA!R ?AN 9 T]MS ( P]SONAL DECISIONS & EXP]I5CES1 !Y PRES5T LIFE ?R\< ! WRONG 5D ( ! TELESCOPE4 ,READ+ TOO MANY TEXTS LIKE ?IS CAN CONVEY ! IMPRESSION ?AT ! DESIRES & ACTIONS ( ANY GIV5 9DIVIDUAL >E 9SIGNIFICANT 9 ! GR& S*EME ( ?+S4 ,9 FACT1 WE EXP]I5CE ! WORLD AS 9DIVIDUALS1 NOT AS A GR& TOTALITY--EA* HUMAN BE+ IS LIT]ALLY ! C5T] ( HIS OR H] WORLD1 & \R TREATISES %\LD />T FROM ?IS PREMISE RA!R ?AN OBSCUR+ IT4 ,!RE IS NO 0WORLD HI/ORY0 EXCEPT = ! SUM TOTAL ( ALL \R 9DIVIDUAL LIVES4 ,IT CAN BE USEFUL TO EXAM9E SOCIAL & HI/ORICAL PH5OM5A 9 HOPES ( MAK+ \R EF=TS AT RESI/ANCE & LIB]ATION MORE /RATEGIC1 BUT ! C5T] ( GRAVITY %\LD ALWAYS BE Y\R LIFE4 

,RETURN TO ,SUMMIT ,DEMON/RATIONS8 

  

,AS *RONICL$ 9 \R E>LI] REPORT1 ,DEMON/RAT+ ,RESI/ANCE1 S9CE ! TURN ( ! C5TURY ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T HAS GONE ?R\< A TURBUL5T LOVE AFFAIR ) MASS ACTIONS1 PASS+ FROM HEADY 9FATUATION TO MESSY BREAKUPS1 ATTEMPT$ RECONCILIATIONS1 & F9ALLY WI/FUL NO/ALGIA4 ,AT FIR/1 FOLL[+ ! ,W,T,O PROTE/S ( #a#i#i#i1 MASS MOBILIZATIONS W]E TAK5 = GRANT$ BY MANY AS ! WAY TO TAKE ON CAPITALISM4 ,LAT]1 AS BILLS CAME DUE 9 ! =M ( LEGAL TR\BLES1 BURN\T1 & DIM9I%+ RETURNS ON PREVI\SLY EFFECTIVE TACTICS1 IT BECAME POPUL> TO DESCRIBE ! MASS ACTION MODEL AS OBSOLETE4.<#a.> ,SOME ( ?OSE :O P>TICIPAT$ MO/ 5?USIA/ICALLY 9 ! HEYDAY ( SUMMIT-HOPP+ SUBSEQU5TLY BRU%$ IT (F AS A DEAD 5D4 ,WE MU/ TAKE !IR CRITICISMS S]I\SLY1 EV5 IF WE FACTOR 9 ! DISILLUSIONM5T ?AT TYPICALLY COMES ) AGE & ! T5D5CY PEOPLE HAVE TO CONDEMN AN APPROA* 9 UNIV]SAL T]MS SIMPLY BECAUSE !Y NO LONG] WI% TO P>TICIPATE 9 IT !MSELVES4 

,TWO ( ! MO/ COMMON ADJECTIVES CRITICS USE TO DESCRIBE MASS MOBILIZATIONS >E REACTIVE & SYMBOLIC4 ,ONE CAN H>DLY >GUE ) ! =M] DESCRIPTION4 ,! T5TATIVE EF=TS ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE TO DUPLICATE ! MASS MOBILIZATION MODEL ON A PROACTIVE BASIS1 SU* AS ! #bb ,FIE/A DEL ,PUEBLO 9 ,BO/ON & ! 0,FIX ,%IT ,UP0 CAMPAIGN 9 ,GEORGIA PREC$+ ! #bd ,G#h SUMMIT1 HAVE NOT BE5 PROMIS+2 IT SEEMS ?AT1 AT LEA/ = N[1 IT IS MU* EASI] TO MOBILIZE A GREAT NUMB] ( PEOPLE AGA9/ SOME?+ ?AN = SOME?+4 ,CON/ANTLY RESPOND+ TO EV5TS ORGANIZ$ BY \R 5EMIES KEEPS US FROM TAK+ ! 9ITIATIVE & DI/RACTS US FROM MANIFE/+ EXAMPLES ( ! WORLD WE WI% TO LIVE 94 ,BUT ?IS DOES NOT MEAN !RE IS NO SU* ?+ AS A GOOD TIME TO REACT1 ONLY ?AT WE MU/ BE JUDICI\S 9 PICK+ :5 TO DO SO4 

,! *>GE ?AT MASS MOBILIZATIONS >E SYMBOLIC IS MORE COMPLICAT$4 ,:AT DOES IT MEAN = SOME?+ TO BE SYMBOLIC8 ,! TOGE!RNESS1 VISIBILITY1 & CONFLICT ) ! =CES ( LAW & ORD] ?AT MANY ( US HAVE EXP]I5C$ AT DEMON/RATIONS W]E REAL 5\<4 ,A MILITANT M>* CALL+ = ! ABOLITION ( CAPITALISM CANNOT IMM$IATELY A*IEVE ITS OBJECT1 ( C\RSE1 BUT ?AT DOESN'T MEAN IT IS M]ELY SYMBOLIC--IF IT CONTRIBUTES TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( A CURR5T ( RESI/ANCE1 !N IT IS AS EFFECTIVE AT ITS /AT$ PURPOSE AS A GROC]Y DI/RIBUTION MI<T BE4 ,DAVID ,GRAEB] HAS >GU$ P]SUASIVELY ?AT ! UPSW+ ( ANTICAPITALI/ MASS MOBILIZATIONS >\ND ! TURN ( ! C5TURY WAS 9/RUM5TAL 9 BR++ AB\T MAJOR DEFEATS = ! ,W,T,O1 ,F,T,A,A1 ,I,M,F1 & ,WORLD ,BANK4 ,C]TA9LY1 ! LIB]AL ANTIW> M>*ES ORGANIZ$ S9CE !N HAVE DONE NO?+ TO HALT ! ,IRAQ W>1 BUT ?IS SIMPLY SUGGE/S ?AT SOME MASS MOBILIZATIONS >E M]ELY SYMBOLIC :ILE O!RS >E NOT4 

,ONE MI<T >GUE ?AT TRADE SUMMITS & POLITICAL CONV5TIONS >E ESS5TIALLY M$IA EV5TS--?AT !Y >E !MSELVES SYMBOLIC4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS LOGIC1 EV5 ! MO/ CONFRONTATIONAL DEMON/RATIONS ONLY PIT ONE SPECTACLE AGA9/ ANO!R1 ?US REMA9+ )9 ! FIELD ( POLITICAL DISC\RSE RA!R ?AN M\NT+ A REAL ATTACK ON ! ROOT SY/EM ( CAPITALISM4 ,?IS BEGS ! QUE/ION ( :AT COMPRISES ! ESS5TIAL 9FRA/RUCTURE ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM3 IS IT ONLY ! LABOR ( WORK]S 9 FACTORIES1 OR DOES IT ALSO 9CLUDE ! LEGITIMACY PEOPLE ACCORD GOV]NM5TS & LAWS1 ! ILLUSION ( ! ABS5CE ( DISS5T1 ! HYPNOSIS ( EMPTY /REETS8 ,NOT TO SUGGE/ ?AT IT IS MORE IMPORTANT TO CONFRONT CAPITALISM ON ! LEVEL ( RHETORIC & REPRES5TATION ?AN AT ! SITES ( PRODUCTION2 BUT ! ,SEATTLE ,W,T,O PROTE/S %[$ ?AT ! =M] APPROA* CAN COMPLEM5T ! LATT] 9 TIMES ( L[ REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI\SNESS4 

,AN>*I/S ) A TA/E = CONFRONTATION & PROP]TY DE/RUCTION HAVE SUGGE/$ ?AT L>GE-SCALE DEMON/RATIONS HAVE BECOME SO HEAVILY POLIC$ S9CE #i_/#a#a ?AT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO GET AWAY ) ANY?+4 ,:E!R OR NOT ?IS IS TRUE1 ONE CANNOT EVALUATE ! IMPORTANCE ( ?IS CONT5TION )\T E/ABLI%+ :AT ! PO9T ( CONFRONTATION & PROP]TY DE/RUCTION IS 9 ! FIR/ PLACE4 

,CLE>LY1 AN>*I/S CANNOT SMA% CAPITALISM ONE W9D[ AT A TIME2 AS HAS BE5 PO9T$ \T BE=E1 NATURAL DISA/]S REGUL>LY DO T5S ( ?\S&S ( TIMES MORE F9ANCIAL DAMAGE TO CORPORATIONS ?AN AN>*I/S EV] HAVE )\T BR++ ! D[NFALL ( CAPITALISM ANY CLOS]4 ,! TRA%+ ( CORPORATE %OP FRONTS DUR+ ! ,SEATTLE ,W,T,O PROTE/S CONTRIBUT$ TO ! SURGE ( AN>*ISM 9 ! ,U,S BECAUSE IT WAS A VISIBLE--EV5 SYMBOLIC--/ATEM5T1 NOT BECAUSE ( ! F9ANCIAL LOSSES 9FLICT$ ON ,NIKE & ,/>BUCKS4 ,! EFFECTIV5ESS ( SU* ACTIONS CANNOT BE MEASUR$ 9 PURELY MILIT>Y OR ECONOMIC T]MS2 !Y >E P[]FUL BECAUSE !Y >E VISIBLE & 9SPIR+ TO O!RS1 EXPRESS+ A DISSID5T VALUE SY/EM ) A SIMPLE GE/URE ?AT CAN BE EASILY IMITAT$4.<#b.> ,?IS CONTRA/S %>PLY ) ! CL&E/9E CELL APPROA* ASSOCIAT$ ) ! ,E>? ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT1 :I* MAXIMIZES MAT]IAL & F9ANCIAL DAMAGE :ILE T5D+ TO ISOLATE ! CONFRONTATION FROM A BROAD] SOCIAL CONTEXT4 

,ASPIR+ W9D[-SMA%]S :O M>*$ 9 FRU/RATION D[N /REETS L9$ ) POLICE HAVE LONG FANTASIZ$ AB\T H[ MU* EASI] IT W\LD BE TO SMA% ?OSE W9D[S )\T A PUBLIC CALL TO ACTION TIPP+ (F ! AU?ORITIES4 ,YET IT DOES NOT APPE> ?AT MO/ ( ?OSE :O )DREW FROM ! MASS ACTION MODEL 9 SE>* ( MORE EFFECTIVE APPROA*ES HAVE F\ND !M4 ,DESPITE CALLS = MORE CL&E/9E ACTION 9 ! WAKE ( ! DECL9E ( MASS MOBILIZATIONS1 AUTONOM\S DIRECT ACTION IS H>DLY AT A HI< PO9T 9 ! ,U,S RI<T N[4 ,ONE ( ! ESS5TIAL *>ACT]I/ICS ( MASS MOBILIZATIONS IS ?AT ! URG5CY & COMPANION%IP 5ABLE P>TICIPANTS TO PASS BEYOND !IR EV]YDAY LIMITS2 = A %ORT TIME1 !Y COLLECTIVELY PRODUCE & EXP]I5CE A DIFF]5T REALITY1 & ACT ACCORD+LY4 ,)\T ?IS FE$BACK LOOP1 IT IS MU* MORE DIFFICULT = MANY PEOPLE TO CROSS ! ?RE%OLD 9TO S]I\S ACTION4 

,SO IS IT MORE EFFECTIVE = ONE P]SON TO SMA% TW5TY W9D[S ON AN EMPTY /REET1 OR = TW5TY PEOPLE TO SMA% ONE W9D[ ) ! EYES ( ! WORLD UPON !M8 ,= ?AT MATT]--IS IT SAF] TO SMA% W9D[S ALONE1 OR DUR+ A MASS MOBILIZATION :5 LAWY]S >E PREP>$ TO SPR+ 9TO ACTION & POLICE MAY BE H>D PRESS$ TO PROVE ?AT !Y GRABB$ ! RI<T BLACK-MASK$ HOODLUM8 ,IS AN EXAMPLE MORE 9FECTI\S :5 IT TAKES PLACE 9 A TYPICAL SUBURBAN SETT+1 OR 9 A GLAM\R\S MOM5T ( COLLECTIVE ACTIVITY8 ,!RE MAY NOT BE SIMPLE ANSW]S TO !SE QUE/IONS1 BUT ?IS 9DICATES ?AT ?OSE :O DESIRE CONTAGI\S CONFLICT ) ! /ATE CANNOT SIMPLY BRU% (F ! VALUE ( MASS MOBILIZATIONS4 

,WE CANNOT DISCUSS ! MATT] ( VISIBILITY )\T ADDRESS+ ! ROLE ( ! M$IA4 ,MASS MOBILIZATION IS A RISKY /RATEGY 9DE$ IF ITS EFFECTIV5ESS H+ES ON ATT5TION FROM CORPORATE M$IA2 9DE$1 ONE ( ! GREAT LESSONS ( #i_/#a#a WAS ?AT A MOVEM5T ?AT DEP5DS ON M$IA COV]AGE = ITS MORALE CAN BE DISPELL$ 9 A S+LE DAY4 ,YET MASS MOBILIZATIONS L5D !MSELVES WELL TO DEC5TRALIZ$ M$IA2 BECAUSE SO MANY WITNESS !M TOGE!R1 !Y >E (T5 DOCUM5T$ BY A MULTIPLICITY ( VOICES 9 A WAY ?AT SMALL]-SCALE ACTIONS R>ELY >E4 ,AT BE/1 ?IS 9DEP5D5T COV]AGE CAN =CE ! CORPORATE M$IA TO PICK UP /ORIES & /ICK CLOSELY TO ! FACTS1 = FE> ( BE+ UP/AG$ OR DELEGITIMIZ$ BY !IR UND]GR\ND COMPETITION4 

,SOME CRITICS FEEL ?AT AN>*I/S %\LD FOCUS ON BUILD+ UP 9FRA/RUCTURE1 & ?AT MASS MOBILIZATIONS SIMPLY DI/RACT FROM ?IS4 ,?IS POSES A DI*OTOMY ?AT IS CONTRADICT$ BY REC5T HI/ORY4 ,! 9DYM$IA NETWORK1 >GUABLY ONE ( ! MO/ SUCCESSFUL ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN 9FRA/RUCTURES 9 ! WORLD1 CAME TO BE AS A DIRECT RESULT ( ! ,W,T,O PROTE/S 9 ,SEATTLE4 ,LIKEWISE1 ?\< EF=TS TO COORD9ATE NATIONWIDE NETWORKS 9 ! ,U,S = !IR [N SAKE HAVE ALL FIZZL$1 CONSULTAS & *APT]S ( ,UNCONV5TIONAL ,ACTION HAVE APPE>$ ALL ACROSS ! ,U,S OV] ! PA/ SEV]AL MON?S4 ,BY PROVID+ A MASSIVE *ALL5GE & A COMMON GOAL1 A SUCCESSFUL MASS MOBILIZATION CAN 5ABLE AN>*I/S TO MAKE QUALITATIVE AS WELL AS QUANTITATIVE ADVANCES 9 EXP]I5CE1 CONNECTIONS1 & CAPABILITIES4 

,SO ! MO/ PRIMITIVE--?\< NOT NECESS>ILY WRONG-HEAD$-->GUM5T = AN>*I/S TO 9VE/ !MSELVES 9 DEMON/RAT+ AGA9/ ! ,DEMOCRATIC & ,REPUBLICAN ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TIONS IS ?AT IT'S BE5 HALF A DECADE S9CE ! LA/ MAJOR AN>*I/-ORGANIZ$ MOBILIZATION4 ,IT'S GOOD TO HAVE !M EV]Y ONCE 9 A :ILE SO WE CAN MA9TA9 VISIBILITY \TSIDE >EAS 9 :I* WE HAVE A LOT ( LOCAL ACTIVITY4 ,SUMMIT-HOPP+ IS DRA9+1 BUT ! OCCASIONAL MAJOR ACTION CAN BE RE9VIGORAT+4 

,ALL ?IS IS NOT TO SAY ?AT WE CAN C\NT ON A MASS MOBILIZATION TO 9AUGURATE A NEW ]A ( SOCIAL /RUGGLE SIMPLY BECAUSE ?IS HAS OCCURR$ 9 ! PA/4 ,LET US N[ CONSID] :E!R ?IS SUMM] IS ! MO/ OPPORTUNE JUNCTURE AT :I* TO HAZ>D ?IS EXP]IM5T4 

,! ,HI/ORICAL ,CONTEXT 

  
,SOME HAVE *>G$ ?AT ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T 

  

FAIL$ BECAUSE IT WAS NOT EMP[]+ =  

 ! WORK+ CLASS OR PEOPLE ( COLOR4  

 ,?IS IS A HALF-TRU?3 ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T FAIL$ BECAUSE IT WAS NOT EMP[]+ = ANYBODY4 

,! SO-CALL$ 0ANTI-GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T10 NAM$ BY CORPORATE M$IA ) A VE/$ 9T]E/ 9 OBSCUR+ ! POSSIBILITY ( MOD]N-DAY ANTICAPITALI/ /RUGGLE1 EM]G$ AS IF FROM NO:]E 9 ! LATE #a#i#iS4 ,9 FACT1 IT WAS ! CONV]G5CE ( A WIDE V>IETY ( SMALL] SOCIAL CURR5TS RANG+ FROM 9DIG5\S LIB]ATION /RUGGLES TO ! DO-IT-Y\RSELF PUNK SC5E1 ALL ( :I* HAD BE5 QUIETLY DEVELOP+ OV] ! PREC$+ YE>S4 ,P]HAPS ! MO/ SURPRIS+ ACCOMPLI%M5T ( ! MOVEM5T WAS TO RE9TRODUCE & REVITALIZE /REET-LEVEL CONFLICT1 :I* MANY HAD DEEM$ IRRELEVANT 9 ! PO/MOD]N ]A4 

,! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN W+ ( ?IS MOVEM5T WAS NOT PREP>$ = ! SUDD5 *ANGES WR\<T BY ,SEPTEMB] #a#a1 #b#a2 AL?\< ! MILITANT ANTI-,I,M,F PROTE/ ORGANIZ$ = ?AT MON? BECAME ! FIR/ ANTIW> PROTE/1 AN>*I/S LO/ ! 9ITIATIVE TO LIB]ALS & COMMUNI/S :O W]E MORE FAMILI> ) S+LE-ISSUE ANTIW> ORGANIZ+4 ,TO ! GLEE ( AU?ORIT>IANS ( EV]Y /RIPE1 ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T REPLAC$ ! ANTICAPITALI/ MOVEM5T 9 ! PUBLIC EYE BETWE5 #ba & #b#c4 

,! ANTIW> MOVEM5T ( ! FOLL[+ YE>S WAS A COLOSSAL FAILURE--P]HAPS ! MO/ COLOSSAL FAILURE 9 ! HI/ORY ( ANTIW> MOVEM5TS4 ,TAK5 TOGE!R1 ! DEMON/RATIONS ?AT TOOK PLACE WORLDWIDE ON ,FEBRU>Y #a#e1 #bc COMPRIS$ ! MO/ WIDELY ATT5D$ PROTE/ 9 HUMAN HI/ORY--& YET !Y DID ABSOLUTELY NO?+ TO H9D] ! ,BU% ADM9I/RATION4 ,ONE MI<T SAY IT WAS A TRIUMPH ( CO-OPTATION ?AT SO MU* \TRAGE & MOTIVATION WAS DIV]T$ 9TO 9EFFECTUAL RITUALS1 SO SOON AFT] ANTICAPITALI/S HAD DEMON/RAT$ ! P[] ( DIRECT ACTION4 ,TO BE FAIR1 ! EFFECTIV5ESS ( ! DEMON/RATIONS ( #a#i#i#i-#b#a DID NOT BECOME CLE> UNTIL YE>S LAT] :5 MANY W]E NO LONG] PAY+ ATT5TION4 ,ALSO1 !RE W]E SCATT]$ EF=TS TO APPLY DIRECT ACTION 9 ANTIW> EF=TS1 SU* AS ! T>GET+ ( RECRUITM5T C5T]S & PORTS 5GAG$ 9 MILIT>Y %IPP+2 !SE W]E SIMPLY TOO LITTLE TOO LATE4 ,IMAG9E ! EFFECT IF A M]E T5? ( ! P>TICIPANTS 9 ! ,FEBRU>Y #ae DEMON/RATIONS HAD SMA%$ RECRUIT+ C5T] W9D[S OR BLOCKAD$ PORTS6 

,SOME HAVE *>G$ ?AT ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T FAIL$ BECAUSE IT WAS NOT EMP[]+ = ! WORK+ CLASS OR PEOPLE ( COLOR4 ,?IS IS A HALF-TRU?3 ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T FAIL$ BECAUSE IT WAS NOT EMP[]+ TO ANYBODY4 ,! GR\PS ?AT DOM9AT$ ANTIW> ORGANIZ+ DID ALL !Y C\LD TO LIMIT ! TACTICS & /RATEGIES ( P>TICIPANTS TO ! L[E/ COMMON D5OM9ATOR4 ,FEW WILL /ICK >\ND 9 A MOVEM5T ?AT IS NOT COMMITT$ TO OR CAPABLE ( ACCOMPLI%+ ITS PR(ESS$ OBJECTIVES1 & ?IS IS D\BLY TRUE ( PEOPLE ) LIMIT$ RES\RCES :O >E ALL TOO FAMILI> ) BE+ EXPLOIT$ = O!RS' GA94 ,!RE W]E EF=TS TO RECRUIT WORK+ CLASS PEOPLE & PEOPLE ( COLOR1 BUT !SE R>ELY CREAT$ MUTUALLY B5EFICIAL COLLABORATION & DIALOGUE4 ,IT C\LD BE *>G$ ?AT ORGANIZ]S S\<T TO 9VOLVE A WIDE RANGE ( DEMOGRAPHICS 9 ORD] TO PRES5T ! MOVEM5T AS DIV]SE1 :ILE /ILL 5DEAVOR+ TO CONTROL ITS CONT5T & DIRECTION4 ,APPROA*+ ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T AS AN OPPORTUNITY TO CREATE A MASS UND] LIB]AL LEAD]%IP1 RA!R ?AN A *ANCE TO ACTUALLY FI<T ! W> MA*9E1 ACTUALLY UND]M9$ ! POSSIBILITY ( IT EV] ADD+ UP TO A DURABLE1 EMP[]$ MASS4 

,BY ! MIDDLE ( ,BU%'S SECOND T]M1 PUBLIC S5TIM5T WAS ACKN[L$G$ TO BE OV]:ELM+LY AGA9/ ! W>1 & YET ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T HAD EFFECTIVELY COLLAPS$4 ,! TACTIC ( MASS MOBILIZATION1 :I* LIB]ALS HAD HIJACK$ FROM RADICALS1 HAD ACCORD+LY BE5 AB&ON$2 PROTE/S /ILL OCCURR$1 BUT NONE DREW NUMB]S WOR?Y ( ! WORD 0MASS40 

,N[ ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T HAS C$$ ! T]RITORY IT TOOK 9 #b#b1 & IT'S UP TO US TO FILL ?IS VACUUM4 

  

,TODAY1 LIB]AL POLITICS BEYOND ! VOT+ BOO? HAS BE5 COMPLETELY DEFLAT$ BY ! FAILURE ( ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T4 ,LIB]AL HOPES >E ONCE AGA9 P9N$ ON ELECTORAL POLITICS1 & ! /REETS >E AS QUIET AS !Y W]E 9 ! MID-#a#i#iS :5 NEOCONS]VATIVES W]E CR[+ ?AT CAPITALISM HAD TRIUMPH$ AS 0! 5D ( HI/ORY0 & ! OBSOLESC5CE ( MASS MOBILIZATIONS WAS TAK5 = GRANT$ BY AN>*I/S4 ,?IS IS TO SAY3 ! LIB]AL ANTIW> MOVEM5T HAS C$$ ! T]RITORY IT TOOK 9 #b#b1 & IF AN>*I/S C\LD FILL ?IS VACUUM WE MI<T BECOME MAJOR PLAY]S ONCE AGA94 

,ESPECIALLY IF A ,DEMOCRAT IS ELECT$ TO BE ! NEXT ,PRESID5T--BUT EI!R WAY1 REALLY--AN>*I/S N[ F9D \RSELVES 9 AN EXPLICITLY OPPOSITIONAL POSITION ?AT BR+S \T ! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 US & LIB]ALS AS WELL AS CONS]VATIVES4 ,IF WE >E BOLD 5\< TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ?IS--BY PRACTIC+ EFFECTIVE DIRECT ACTION RA!R ?AN /AG+ SPECTACLES & RECRUIT+ DRIVES1 = EXAMPLE--WE MAY BE ABLE TO SEIZE ! 9ITIATIVE ONCE AGA94 ,NOT BE+ SUBSUM$ 9 A PR$OM9ANTLY LIB]AL OPPOSITION 5ABLES US TO TAKE ! 9ITIATIVE TO MOBILIZE A REAL OPPOSITION BEYOND ! DEAD 5DS ( ELECTORAL POLITICS & M]ELY P]FUNCTORY PROTE/4 ,MANY ( ?OSE :O P>TICIPAT$ S9C]ELY 9 ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T MU/ RECOGNIZE ITS LIMITATIONS2 9DE$1 !RE SEEMS TO BE SOME 9T]E/ 9 ! AN>*I/ ANTI-,R,N,C ORGANIZ+ AMONG OLD] ANTIW> ACTIVI/S 9 ! ,MIDWE/4 ,IF WE CAN DEMON/RATE AN EFFECTIVE ALT]NATIVE1 WE MAY E>N NEW ALLIES4 

,! POLITICAL MA*9E1 HAV+ LO/ A LOT ( POPUL> FAI? DUR+ ! ,BU% YE>S1 IS N[ ATTEMPT+ TO RECAPTURE PUBLIC ATT5TION ?R\< A GRIPP+ NEW ELECTORAL SPECTACLE4 ,WE'RE TO BELIEVE ! FATE ( ! WORLD HANGS 9 ! BALANCE1 EV5 AS M$IA FOCUS ON 0SUP]DELEGATES0 & VOT+ DI/RICTS BETRAY JU/ H[ LITTLE 9FLU5CE ANY ( US REALLY HAVE4 ,AN>*I/S >E ! ONES BE/ EQUIPP$ TO C\NT] ?IS1 & WE %\LD NOT MISS ! OPPORTUNITY4 ,WE MAY NOT P]SUADE EV]YONE TO BECOME AN>*I/S 9 #b#h1 BUT IF WE RE5T] ! PUBLIC EYE AS ! ONES :O SAW IT COM+1 :5 ! 9EVITABLE DISILLUSIONM5T SETS 9 FOLL[+ ! ELECTION \R MODEL = CONTE/+ P[] \TSIDE ! VOT+ BOO? WILL BE VISIBLE AS AN ATTRACTIVE ALT]NATIVE4 

,ELECTORAL POLITICS DOM9ATES ! IMAG9ATIONS ( PEOPLE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES TO AN UNP>ALLEL$ DEGREE4 ,:5EV] ! QUE/ION ( SOCIAL *ANGE >ISES1 ONE IS ALWAYS PO9T$ TO ! BALLOT BOX3 IF Y\ DON'T VOTE1 Y\ CAN'T COMPLA91 :I* IS TO SAY1 VOTE & %UT UP4 ,ONE MI<T >GUE ?AT !RE IS NO MORE /RATEGIC T>GET = DIRECT ACTION ?AN ! CONV5TIONS1 :I* REPRES5T ! TOTAL HEGEMONY ( ! TWO-P>TY SY/EM4 ,EV5 OPPOSITION TO ! EXCESSES ( CAPITALISM CAN /ILL BE RE-ABSORB$ 9TO ELECTORAL POLITICS--ONE ( ! MAJOR ISSUES AT ! ,W,T,O PROTE/S WAS ?AT ! ,W,T,O C\LD SUP]S$E ! 0DEMOCRATIC PROCESS0 ( P>TICIPAT+ NATIONS4 ,ONLY A DIRECT ATTACK ON ! ELECTORAL SPECTACLE ITSELF C\LD REFRAME ! T]MS ( PUBLIC DISCUSSION TO =EGR\ND MORE EFFECTIVE APPROA*ES TO SELF-DET]M9ATION4 ,P[]FUL ACTIONS AT ! CONV5TIONS C\LD SET A NEW TONE = ! COM+ YE>S1 SETT+ A PREC$5T = PEOPLE US+ !IR [N /R5G? & 5]GIZ+ SMALL]-SCALE DIRECT ACTION ORGANIZ+ ?R\<\T ! ,U,S4.<#c.> 

,RI<T N[ WE CAN /ILL DRAW ON ! \TRAGE >IS+ FROM ! ,IRAQ W> TO MOBILIZE PEOPLE4 ,AFT] ?IS ELECTION1 IT WILL BE A MOOT PO9T1 P>T ( HI/ORY4 ,IF WE PLAY \R C>DS RI<T AT ?IS HI/ORICAL JUNCTURE1 WE CAN DRAW ON ! FRU/RATION ( ?OSE :O FEEL BETRAY$ NOT ONLY BY ,BU% BUT ALSO BY ! ,DEMOCRATS :O ACT$ AS HIS ACCOMPLICES & BY ! LIB]AL ANTIW> MOVEM5T ?AT *ANNEL$ DISS5T 9TO A P[]LESS DEAD 5D4 ,! SAME GOES = IMMIGRATION & GLOBAL W>M+--! ,DEMOCRATS >E ATTEMPT+ TO FRAME !MSELVES AS ! ONES :O WILL SAVE ! WORLD FROM CLIMATE *ANGE1 & WE [E IT TO EV]YONE TO CALL BULL%IT ON ?IS4 

,BUT >E AN>*I/S 9 ! ,U,S PREP>$ TO ORGANIZE AN EFFECTIVE MASS MOBILIZATION AT ?IS PO9T8 ,! NEW G5]ATION1 :O GREW UP ON /ORIES ( ! ,SEATTLE ,W,T,O PROTE/S1 HAS NEV] P>TICIPAT$ 9 ANY?+ COMP>ABLE1 H[EV] EAG] SOME >E TO DO SO4 ,LIKEWISE1 ?\< SOME SURVIVORS FROM ! LA/ G5]ATION HAVE GONE LONG 5\< )\T A MAJOR MOBILIZATION ?AT !Y >E 9T]E/$ 9 ATTEMPT+ ANO!R ONE1 !RE IS /ILL A LOT ( 9]TIA & HESITATION4 ,MANY :O HAVE BE5 DISAPPO9T$ BE=E DO NOT WANT TO PUT ALL !IR EGGS 9 ?IS BASKET4 ,SO1 HAV+ CONSID]$ ! REASONS :Y ! CONV5TIONS MI<T PRES5T A /RATEGIC T>GET1 LET US TURN TO ! DRAWBACKS ( FOCUS+ ON !M4 

,DRAWBACKS TO ,FOCUS+ ON ! ,CONV5TIONS 

  

,DUBI\S RADICALS :O DON'T WANT AN>*I/S TO ORGANIZE AGA9/ ! CONV5TIONS HAVE TROTT$ =? ! USUAL CLI*ES4 ,ONE HAS EV5 SUGGE/$ ?AT RA!R ?AN T>GET+ !M ) DIRECT ACTION WE %\LD BE LE>N+ FROM ,OBAMA1 :OSE CAMPAIGN HAS SUPPOS$LY IGNIT$ ! HOPE ( A NATION4.<#d.> ,IT'S SAFE TO SAY ?AT IF Y\'RE JEAL\S ( A POLITICIAN'S ABILITY TO HYPNOTIZE PEOPLE 9TO R5EW$ FAI? 9 REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY BUT %RUG (F A NATIONWIDE GRASS-ROOTS AN>*I/ MOBILIZATION1 Y\ NE$ TO *ECK Y\R PRIORITIES AS AN AN>*I/4 ,REMEMB]1 AFT] ! ,GLOBAL ,DAY ( ,ACTION ON ,JUNE #a#h1 #aiii ?AT =E%AD[$ ! ,W,T,O PROTE/S1 !RE W]E AN>*I/S :O 9SI/$ ?AT MASS MOBILIZATIONS HAD REA*$ !IR PEAK & IT WAS TIME TO FOCUS ELSE:]E4 ,SOMEONE IS ALWAYS B\ND TO ?9K ! TIME ISN'T RI<T4 

,:E!R OR NOT !Y >E GR\ND$ 9 REALITY1 !SE MISGIV+S !MSELVES CON/ITUTE A DRAWBACK TO FOCUS+ ON ! CONV5TIONS1 = A MASS MOBILIZATION CANNOT SUCCE$ )\T WIDESPREAD FAI? 9 ITS POT5TIAL4 ,IT W\LD NOT EV5 BE WOR? DISCUSS+ ! MATT] FUR!R IF !RE W]E NOT HUNDR$S--HOPEFULLY ?\S&S--( O!R AN>*I/S :O >E WILL+ TO TAKE ! *ANCE4 

,ASIDE FROM ! PR$ICTABLE CRITICISMS1 !RE >E MORE SUB/ANTIVE DRAWBACKS TO *OOS+ ! CONV5TIONS AS ! SITE = A GRUDGE MAT* ) HI]>*ICAL P[]4 ,SUCCESSFUL MASS ACTIONS CAN ONLY BE \TGR[?S FROM ALREADY ?RIV+ RELATION%IPS & SOCIAL CURR5TS2 !Y (F] ! OPPORTUNITY TO MEASURE \R CAPACITIES1 BUT IT IS UNREALI/IC TO EXPECT !M TO PRODUCE P[]FUL MOVEM5TS \T ( ?9 AIR4 ,9 ?IS REG>D1 IT'S NOT PROMIS+ ?AT !SE MOBILIZATIONS COME AFT] YE>S )\T MU* DIRECT ACTION ORGANIZ+1 :5 FEW AN>*I/S HAVE HAD ! OPPORTUNITY TO DEVELOP !IR SKILLS OR NETWORKS4 ,A SUMM] ( DIRECT ACTION TRA9+ CAMPS CANNOT MAKE UP = ?IS2 HI<LY PUBLICIZ$ CALLS = BUILDUP ACTIONS MI<T HAVE DONE ! TRICK1 BUT ! CONV5TIONS >E ONLY A C\PLE MON?S AWAY AS ( ?IS WRIT+4 

,!RE IS SOME?+ P>ADOXICAL AB\T ORGANIZ+ A MASS MOBILIZATION AS AN ADV]TISEM5T = DIRECT ACTION4 ,G5]ALLY1 :ATEV] APPROA* ONE ADOPTS SETS A PREC$5T = MORE ( ! SAME2 9T]RUPT+ ! ELECTORAL SPECTACLE IS NOT ! SAME AS CREAT+ EMP[]+ CONTEXTS = SELF-DET]M9ATION4 ,AS ! P>TY CONV5TIONS ONLY OCCUR ONCE EV]Y F\R YE>S1 SUCCESSFUL DEMON/RATIONS ?IS SUMM] HAVE LITTLE RISK ( SETT+ (F ANO!R WAVE ( SUMMIT-HOPP+2 BUT IT REMA9S TO BE SE5 TO :AT EXT5T ! SOME:AT AB/RACT GOAL ( 0BREAK+ ! SPELL ( ELECTORAL POLITICS0 CAN ACTUALLY MOTIVATE PEOPLE TO PUT !IR BODIES ON ! L9E4 

,ON A RELAT$ NOTE1 AN>*I/S APPE> TO HAVE PUT MORE 5]GY 9TO /RATEGIZ+ ! NUTS & BOLTS ASPECTS ( ! CONV5TION PROTE/S ?AN 9TO PRES5T+ A CASE = MILITANT ACTION !RE TO ! PUBLIC AT L>GE4 ,NO PLAN ?AT DEP5DS ON MASS P>TICIPATION CAN SUCCE$ IF IT IS NOT P]SUASIVELY PUT =W>D TO GREAT NUMB]S ( PEOPLE4 ,9 ?IS REG>D1 IT IS =TUNATE ?AT ! FIR/ ,UNCONV5TIONAL ,ACTION PAP] HAS BE5 SUCCE$$ BY A SECOND PAP] FOCUS+ ON A CRITIQUE ( ELECTORAL POLITICS4 

,IT HAS BE5 *>G$ ?AT MASS MOBILIZATIONS DEPLETE A LOT ( 5]GY ?AT C\LD O!RWISE BE 9VE/$ 9 MORE SU/A9+1 SU/A9ABLE V5TURES4 ,?IS IS ESPECIALLY TRUE 9 ! ,U,S1 :]E DIRECT ACTION 9 G5]AL R>ELY PROVIDES ! P>TICIPANTS ) RES\RCES BESIDES VISIBILITY & MORALE4 ,?\< ?IS MAY BE AN OPPORTUNE JUNCTURE = A MASS MOBILIZATION1 IT W\LD BE BETT] IF ?AT MOBILIZATION DID SOME?+ TO SECURE NEW RES\RCES = FUR!R DIRECT ACTION-BAS$ ORGANIZ+4 ,!RE HAVE BE5 EXAMPLES ( ?IS ON ! LOCAL SCALE 9 REC5T YE>S2 OV]SEAS1 ! RIOTS 9 ,D5M>K OV] ! EVICTION ( ! SOCIAL C5T] ,UNGDOM%USET PROVIDE A MODEL = A NATIONWIDE MOBILIZATION AIM$ AT SECUR+ SPACE 9 :I* TO NURTURE RESI/ANCE MOVEM5TS4 ,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 H[EV]1 NO V]SION ( ?IS APPROA* HAS APPE>$ ON ! NATIONAL SCALE4 

,W]E WE FAC+ A *OICE BETWE5 A NATIONAL MOBILIZATION AIM$ AT SECUR+ IMM$IATE RES\RCES & ! MORE VISIBILITY-ORI5T$ APPROA* ( ! CONV5TION PROTE/S1 IT MI<T BE ?AT ! =M] W\LD MAKE MORE S5SE4 ,BUT ! FACT IS ?AT NO SU* POSSIBILITIES >E ON ! TABLE AT ?IS PO9T4 ,?OSE :O FEEL ! TIME IS RI<T TO RETURN TO ! /REETS MU/ MAKE ! BE/ ( ! ,R,N,C_/,D,N,C PROTE/S2 ! MORE :O DO SO1 ! MORE LIKELY !Y >E TO TURN \T WELL4 ,AT WOR/1 ! CONV5TIONS WILL BE A SORT ( ,GR\NDHOG ,DAY AT :I* AN>*I/S WILL SEE !IR %AD[ & HIDE \T = F\R MORE YE>S4 

,R,N,C OR ,D,N,C8 

  

,IDEALLY1 ! CONV5TION PROTE/S W\LD BE FRAM$ AS A S+LE MOBILIZATION1 TO EMPHASIZE ! TOTAL REJECTION ( P>TY POLITICS & SO-CALL$ REPRES5TATION4 ,?IS W\LD MAKE CLE> ?AT \R PROTE/S HAVE NO?+ TO DO ) ! PLAT=MS ( ! 9DIVIDUAL C&IDATES4 ,IF ANY?+1 9S(> AS ! ,DEMOCRATS >E EXPECT$ TO W9 ! COM+ ELECTIONS1 IT W\LD PROBABLY BE MO/ /RATEGIC TO FOCUS ON ,D5V]1 H[EV] ?ORNY IT MI<T BE WORK+ \T H[ TO DEMON/RATE AGA9/ AN ,AFRICAN-,AM]ICAN OR FEMALE PRESID5TIAL C&IDATE4 

,UN=TUNATELY1 9 ! C\RSE ( ! PA/ YE>1 MAJOR DIFF]5CES HAVE EM]G$ BETWE5 ! LOCAL ORGANIZ+ 9 ,D5V] & ,/4 ,PAUL4 ,IT N[ APPE>S ?AT1 AS 9 #b#d1 ! DEMON/RATIONS AT ! ,R,N,C WILL BE SEV]AL ORD]S ( MAGNITUDE L>G] ?AN ?OSE AT ! ,D,N,C4 ,LIKE IT OR NOT1 WE MU/ TAKE ?IS 9TO ACC\NT4 

,9 ,D5V]1 :I* WILL HO/ ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION AT ! 5D ( ,AUGU/1 AN>*I/ ORGANIZ+ HAS TAK5 PLACE 9 ! %AD[ ( ,RECREATE #f#h1 A COALITION ( LIB]AL & RADICAL GR\PS4 ,?IS HAS MANIFE/$ ITSELF MO/ REC5TLY ) ! CANCELLATION ( ONE ( ,UNCONV5TIONAL ,D5V]'S TWO PRIM>Y DAYS ( ACTION1 DESPITE TWO NATIONWIDE CONSULTAS & MON?S ( PLANN+1 AT ! REQUE/ ( AN IMMIGRANT & ,*ICANO RI<TS COALITION4 ,! AN>*I/ COMMUNITY 9 ,D5V] HAS APPE>$ AT TIMES TO BE APPROA*+ ! CONV5TION PROTE/S AS A LOCAL RA!R ?AN NATIONAL EV5T2 ! H&FUL ( ORGANIZ]S :O HAVE TAK5 ! ,D,N,C ON AS A S]I\S PROJECT >E OV]EXT5D$ BY ALL ACC\NTS4 

,9 ! ,TW9 ,CITIES1 ON ! O!R H&1 AN>*I/S >E 9VOLV$ EXPLICITLY 9 EV]Y LEVEL ( ! ORGANIZ+ 9 A WAY WE HAV5'T SE5 S9CE ! SUCCESSFUL ,F,T,A,A PROTE/S 9 ,QUEBEC ( ,APRIL #b#a4 ,! ,R,N,C ,WELCOM+ ,COMMITTEE1 AN EXPLICITLY ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN ORGANIZ+ GR\P1 HAS = WELL OV] A YE> ALREADY1 & HAS E/ABLI%$ RELATION%IPS ( MUTUAL RESPECT & COLLABORATION ) BROAD] ANTIW> ORGANIZATIONS ?R\<\T ! REGION--AN A*IEVEM5T ?AT HAS ELUD$ O!R AN>*I/ ORGANIZ]S = YE>S4 ,WE MAY NOT BE BLESS$ ) AN ORGANIZ+ GR\P AS CREATIVE & DILIG5T AS ! ,WELCOM+ ,COMMITTEE ANY TIME SOON--ALL ! MORE REASON = AN>*I/S TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( !IR GR\NDWORK4 

,! SURGE 9 AN>*I/ TRAVEL+ CULTURE ?AT CO9CID$ ) ! PUBLICATION ( ,EVASION IS LONG PA/2 N[ADAYS MO/ AN>*I/S CAN ONLY BE AWAY FROM !IR COMMUNITIES = LIMIT$ P]IODS ( TIME1 SO !Y HAVE TO *OOSE C>EFULLY :I* NATIONAL EV5TS TO ATT5D4 ,MO/ WILL PROBABLY *OOSE ! ,R,N,C OV] ! ,D,N,C1 DEEM+ ,D5V] A TRAGIC BUT UNAVOIDABLE MISS$ OPPORTUNITY4 

,?IS DOES NOT MEAN !RE IS NO POT5TIAL = DEMON/RATIONS AT ! ,D,N,C4 ,EV5 A SMALL BUT EXCIT+ ACTION 9 ,D5V] C\LD S]VE ! IMPORTANT PURPOSE ( HEI<T5+ EXPECTATIONS & MORALE = ,/4 ,PAUL4 ,HOPEFULLY AT LEA/ A MOD]ATE NUMB] ( HI<LY MOTIVAT$ AN>*I/S FROM ! SURR\ND+ REGION WILL CONV]GE 9 ,D5V] ) A PLAN = MAK+ SOME?+ MEMORABLE OCCUR4 

,FAIL+ ALL ELSE1 BE+ ! MA9 NEWS AT ! ,R,N,C WILL FRAME US AS ! TRUE OPPON5TS ( ! UNPOPUL> ,REPUBLICANS & ?US DI/+UI% US FROM ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY4 ,DEMOCRATS WILL NOT BE HAPPY AB\T A MAJOR CONFRONTATION 9 ,/4 ,PAUL1 = FE> ?AT IT C\LD DI/RACT ATT5TION FROM !IR ELECTORAL EF=TS & PORTRAY OPPON5TS ( ,REPUBLICAN POLICIES AS /REETFI<T+ MILITANTS4 ,BESIDES1 IF ! ,DEMOCRATS DO W9 ! ELECTION1 WE CAN ALWAYS DEAL ) !M AT ! 9AUGURATION4 

,ON ! ,O!R ,SIDE ( ! ,B>RICADES 

  

,:ILE AN>*I/S >E ORGANIZ+ = ! CONV5TIONS1 :AT'S GO+ ON 9 BO>DROOMS & AT POLICE TRA9+S8 ,:AT /RATEGIES CAN WE EXPECT ! AU?ORITIES TO APPLY AT ! CONV5TIONS1 & :AT FACTORS MAY TIE !IR H&S8 

,BO? ,M9NEAPOLIS & ,/4 ,PAUL HAVE LIB]AL GOV]NM5TS ?AT NE$ TO COME ACROSS AS SUPPORTIVE ( LAW-ABID+ PROTE/]S2 9 ?IS REG>D1 HEAL?Y RELATIONS BETWE5 AN>*I/S & O!R ANTIW> ORGANIZ]S CON/ITUTE A REAL *ALL5GE = !M4 ,(FICIALS HAVE EMPHASIZ$ ?AT ! POLICE WILL BE CIVIL--NOT />T+ 9 RIOT GE>2 ?AT !RE WILL BE NO 0FREE SPEE* ZONES0--DEMON/RATORS WILL BE ALL[$ 0)9 SI<T & S\ND0 ( ! ,EXCEL ,C5T] HO/+ ! ,R,N,C2 & ?AT ! POLICE /RATEGY WILL NOT RESEMBLE ! BRUTAL 0,MIAMI MODEL0 APPLI$ AT ! #bc ,F,T,A,A PROTE/S1 BUT RA!R WILL E/ABLI% A NEW 0,/4 ,PAUL MODEL40 ,IT'S ALSO WOR? PO9T+ \T ?AT ,/4 ,PAUL WILL BE FIELD+ AB\T #c POLICE1 COMP>$ TO ! T5S ( ?\S&S ON DUTY 9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY DUR+ ! #bd ,R,N,C4 

,! CLIMATE HAS DEF9ITELY %IFT$ OV] ! PA/ F\R YE>S4 ,FOLL[+ ! #bc ,F,T,A,A PROTE/S1 ! BRUTAL TACTICS US$ BY ,MIAMI POLICE *IEF ,JOHN ,TIMONEY--:O HAD BE5 POLICE COMMISSION] 9 ,PHILADELPHIA DUR+ ! #b ,R,N,C--FELL \T ( FAVOR4 ,%ORTLY BE=E ! #bd ,R,N,C1 ! 0,TIMONEY ?REE10 ?REE PROTE/]S :O HAD BE5 BADLY BEAT5 BY ,TIMONEY & !N *>G$ ) MULTIPLE FELONIES AT ! PREC$+ ,R,N,C1 W]E DECL>$ 9NOC5T4 ,! POLIC+ AT ! #bd ,R,N,C 9 ,NEW ,YORK WAS EXTREMELY 9TIMIDAT+1 BUT COMP>ATIVELY RE/RA9$--PRESUMABLY IT W\LD NOT HAVE S]V$ ! 9T]E/S ( ?OSE 9 P[] = MAJOR CONFRONTATIONS TO ]UPT !RE4 ,S9CE !N ! TIDE HAS FL[$ BACK TO ! LEFT 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 & ! AU?ORITIES MU/ BE PREP>+ = NEW MANAGEM5T4 ,9 ,WA%+TON1 ,D,C1 ! POLICE :O W]E SO QUICK TO MAKE MASS >RE/S AT EV5TS LIKE ! #bb ,I,M,F PROTE/S HAVE SUBSEQU5TLY HAD TO RE/RA9 !MSELVES AFT] A S]IES ( SUCCESSFUL LAWSUITS2 AT ! ANTIW> PROTE/S LA/ ,M>* #a#i1 !Y W]E SO HESITANT TO MAKE >RE/S ?AT MANY CONCLUD$ !Y W]E ONLY T>GET+ ?OSE :O COMMITT$ FELONIES4 

,ALL ?IS C\LD *ANGE OV]NI<T IF ! P[]S ?AT BE SAW A SIGNIFICANT ?REAT TO !IR ASC5DANCY2 BUT IT SUGGE/S ?AT COMPELL+ ! POLICE TO USE =CE AT ! CONV5TIONS ?IS SUMM] W\LD BE A C\P1 9 ?AT IT W\LD FRAME !M AS AGGRESSORS 9 A TIME :5 !Y >E TRY+ TO DISPEL ?AT IMAGE4 ,RUMOR HAS IT ?AT ! ,/4 ,PAUL POLICE >E CONSULT+ ,EUROPEAN POLICE =CES = TIPS ON H[ TO CONTROL CR[DS VIA CONTA9M5T RA!R ?AN BRUTE =CE4 ,WE %\LD /RATEGIZE ACCORD+LY4 

,GO+ 9TO ! #bd ,R,N,C PROTE/S1 MANY FE>$ ?AT ! POLICE W\LD BE AS BRUTAL AS !Y HAD BE5 AT ! ,F,T,A,A PROTE/S ! PREC$+ YE>2 COM+ \T ( !M1 SOME FELT ?AT ! POLICE HAD SET \T TO AVOID SU* GRATUIT\S USE ( =CE1 & ?AT IT W\LD HAVE BE5 A VICTORY RA!R ?AN A DEFEAT TO COMPEL !M TO BEAT & TE> GAS PEOPLE 9 D[NT[N ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY DUR+ SU* A HI<LY TELEVIS$ EV5T4 ,IT MAY BE ?AT WE DON'T NE$ TO SUCCE$ 9 ACTUALLY %UTT+ D[N ! CONV5TION 9 ,/4 ,PAUL ?IS SUMM] TO DEAL A BL[ TO \R 5EMIES & SEIZE ! ATT5TION ( ! WORLD2 WE NE$ ONLY PROVOKE A S]I\S CONFRONTATION ) ! POLICE4 

,! ,/RATEGY 

  

,SOME FELT ?AT ! #bd ,R,N,C PROTE/S W]E UNSUCCESSFUL BECAUSE !RE WAS NO CLE>1 UNIFI$ AN>*I/ /RATEGY2 AN>*I/S P>TICIPAT$ BY ! ?\S&S1 BUT BY & L>GE ONLY SWELL$ ! NUMB]S AT LIB]AL EV5TS OR GOT >RE/$ 9 SYMBOLIC GE/URES4 ,! ,UNCONV5TIONAL ,ACTION NETWORK APPE>S TO HAVE BEGUN AS A REACTION TO ?IS1 9 ORD] TO =MULATE A COH]5T /RATEGY = ?IS SUMM]'S CONV5TION PROTE/S4 ,UNCONV5TIONAL ,ACTION GR\PS1 ALONG ) ! ,R,N,C ,WELCOM+ ,COMMITTEE & AN>*I/ ORGANIZ]S 9 ,D5V]1 HAVE FALL5 BACK ON ! CONSULTA MODEL PREVI\SLY US$ 9 ! BUILDUP TO ! #bc ,F,T,A,A PROTE/S 9 ORD] TO GIVE A SEMBLANCE ( P>TICIPATORY TRANSP>5CY TO ! PROCESS ( E/ABLI%+ A /RATEGY4 ,IT MU/ BE SAID ?AT ?IS MODEL IS AT ITS MO/ EFFECTIVE & APPROPRIATE :5 IT IS UTILIZ$ BY LONG/&+ GR\PS ) %>$ EXP]I5CE & ACC\NTABILITY1 RA!R ?AN NEW AD HOC GR\PS & ATOMIZ$ 9DIVIDUALS ) LITTLE REAL ACC\NTABILITY OR COH]5CE4 

,AS ! /RATEGY = ! ,D,N,C PROTE/S IS BE+ REWORK$ AS ?IS IS WRITT51 IT'S NOT POSSIBLE TO SAY MU* AB\T IT = C]TA94 ,= N[1 \R ANALYSIS MU/ FOCUS ON ! ,R,N,C PROTE/S1 = GOOD OR = ILL4 

,SO1 FOLL[+ A FULL YE> ( REGIONAL & NATIONAL /RATEGY CONSULTAS1 ! ,R,N,C /RATEGY ?AT HAS BE5 CONS5S$ UPON BY GR\PS NATIONWIDE IS444 %UTT+ IT D[N VIA BLOCKAD+4 ,?IS MAY /RIKE ?OSE :O REMEMB] ! SUMMIT PROTE/S ( ! TURN ( ! C5TURY AS A FAILURE ( IMAG9ATION2 S9CE ! FLUKE ( ! #aiii ,W,T,O PROTE/S1 NO BLOCKAD+ /RATEGY HAS SUCCE$$ 9 %UTT+ D[N A MEET+ OR CONV5TION1 ?\< ?IS HAS BE5 ATTEMPT$ C\NTLESS TIMES FROM ,GL5EAGLES TO ,AU/RALIA4 

,SO :Y BLOCKAD+8 ,FIR/1 IT GIVES PROTE/]S SOME?+ CONCRETE TO DO4 ,P]HAPS IT W\LD HAVE BE5 BETT] IF SOME O!R PROPOSAL HAD TAK5 HOLD1 (F]+ SOME NEW EXP]IM5T2 BUT AT LEA/ PEOPLE >E TALK+ AB\T COLLECTIVE DIRECT ACTION AGA94 ,EV5 IF ! BLOCKAD+ IS NOT 5TIRELY SUCCESSFUL1 ! EXP]I5CE ( ATTEMPT+ TO A*IEVE A CONCRETE GOAL RA!R ?AN SIMPLY P>TICIPATE 9 SYMBOLICALLY MAK+ A /ATEM5T WILL %APE ! ORGANIZ+ = ?IS & FUTURE EV5TS4 ,A SUCCESSFUL ORGANIZ+ CAMPAIGN T[>DS BLOCKAD+ C\LD PROMOTE AN ORI5TATION T[>DS PROACTIVE DIRECT ACTION AMONG DEMON/RATORS = YE>S TO COME1 REG>DLESS ( ! SUCCESS ( ! ACTUAL BLOCKAD+ AT ! ,R,N,C4 

,SIMIL>LY1 PROTE/S WILL ONLY HAVE A *ANCE ( S]I\SLY DISRUPT+ ! ,R,N,C IF !Y >E ABLE TO 9VOLVE A GREAT NUMB] ( PEOPLE COM+ FROM A WIDE V>IETY ( P]SPECTIVES1 ABILITIES1 & COM=T LEVELS4 ,BLOCKAD+ IS AN EXTREMELY V]SATILE TACTIC2 9 FACT IT IS NOT ONE TACTIC AT ALL1 BUT A CATEGORY 9CLUD+ A WIDE SELECTION ( TACTICS RANG+ FROM NONVIOL5T CIVIL DISOB$I5CE TO ALL-\T /REETFI<T+4 ,DESPITE ! APP>5T /ALEMATE ( ! PO/-,W,T,O YE>S1 NO COMP>ABLY BROAD & P>TICIPATORY APPROA* = COORD9AT+ DIRECT ACTION HAS APPE>$4 

,COMB9$ ) ! \TLY+ LOCATIONS ( MO/ HOTELS1 ! GEOGRAPHY ( D[NT[N ,/4 ,PAUL IS POT5TIALLY CONDUCIVE TO SUCCESSFUL BLOCKAD+4 ,CONSID]+ ! TREM5D\S NUMB] ( DELEGATES :O MU/ BE ABLE TO REA* ! CONV5TION C5T] & ! COMP>ATIVELY SMALL NUMB] ( POLICE ?AT WILL BE 9 ,/4 ,PAUL1 IT SEEMS ?AT BLOCKAD+ C\LD ACTUALLY SUCCE$ IF 5\< PEOPLE P>TICIPATE4 ,IF ?IS IS AN APPROA* ?AT C\LD WORK 9 ,/4 ,PAUL BUT NOT 9 ANO!R CITY1 IT'S IMPORTANT ?AT WE NOT MISS ?IS OPPORTUNITY4 ,!RE IS A SIGNIFICANT DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ATTEMPT+ TO PREV5T EI<T PEOPLE 9 HELICOPT]S FROM REA*+ A CONV5TION C5T]1 AS DEMON/RATORS ATTEMPT$ AT ! #be & #bg ,G#h SUMMITS1 & /OPP+ T5S ( ?\S&S ( DELEGATES & ASSORT$ HANG]S-ON TRAVEL+ BY BUS OR C>4 ,9 ?IS CASE1 IT %\LD ONLY BE NECESS>Y TO /OP A FRACTION ( !M TO PREV5T ! CONV5TION FROM MOV+ =W>D4 

,LIKE ! EMPHASIS ON /RATEGY1 IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT ! BLOCKAD+ APPROA* HAS REAPPE>$ 9 REACTION TO AN>*I/ /RATEGIES AT ! #bd ,R,N,C1 SOME ( :I* FOCUS$ ON H>ASS+ ! DELEGATES !MSELVES4 ,BLOCKAD+ 9DICATES ?AT ! IMPORTANT T>GET IS ! POLITICAL MA*9E ITSELF1 NOT ! 9DIVIDUALS :O MAKE IT UP2 CONV]SELY1 ATTACK+ ! DELEGATES FRAMES ! PROTE/ AS A PRIVATE CONFLICT BETWE5 SPECIALIZ$ 9DIVIDUALS--PROTE/]S & POLITICIANS--RA!R ?AN A CONFLICT BETWE5 PEOPLE & 9/ITUTIONS4 ,BELLIG]5T PROTE/]S >E H>DLY GO+ TO *ANGE ! M9DS ( ! DELEGATES1 & EV5 IF !Y C\LD1 ?OSE DELEGATES W\LD ONLY BE REPLAC$ ) O!RS MORE LOYAL TO ! P>TY (FICIALS & !IR CORPORATE MA/]S4 ,T>GET+ ! DELEGATES HAS SOMETIMES BE5 FRAM$ AS AN APPLICATION ( ! 0,%,A,C MODEL0 FROM ! ANIMAL LIB]ATION MOVEM5T1 9 :I* 9DIVIDUALS :O DO BUS9ESS ) ANIMAL ABUS]S >E T>GET$ P]SONALLY4 ,?IS IS A ?\<TLESS ]ROR1 = ! ,%,A,C MODEL PRESUPPOSES ?AT ?OSE T>GET$ CAN TAKE !IR BUS9ESS ELSE:]E1 :]EAS ! ESS5CE ( ! ,U,S POLITICAL MA*9E IS ?AT !RE IS ONLY ONE R\TE TO P[]4 

,TO RETURN TO BLOCKAD+--5TIRELY AP>T FROM ITS EFFECTIV5ESS AT %UTT+ \T DELEGATES1 SUCCESSFULLY %UTT+ D[N EV5 A P>T ( D[NT[N ,/4 ,PAUL W\LD BE EXP]I5C$ BY ! P>TICIPANTS AS A HUGELY EMP[]+ EV5T4 ,IT'S POSSIBLE1 IF ! BLOCKADES >E SUCCESSFUL1 ?AT POLICE WILL ATTACK !M 9 SOME PLACES :ILE IGNOR+ O!R ZONES--?AT WAS ! APPROA* !Y UTILIZ$ AT LA/ SUMM]'S ,G#h PROTE/S 9 ,G]MANY4 ,DUR+ ! BRA9/ORM+ PHASE ( ! /RATEGY DISCUSSIONS ( ! PA/ YE>1 ONE RUNN+ !ME WAS ! E/ABLI%M5T ( AUTONOM\S ZONES2 CREAT+ SU* A ZONE 9 DIRECT CONFRONTATION ) ! AU?ORITIES W\LD BE SIGNIFICANTLY MORE 9SPIR+ ?AN SIMPLY CREAT+ AN AUTONOM\S ZONE SOME:]E ELSE ) !IR IMPLICIT P]MISSION4 

,SPEAK+ ( AUTONOM\S ZONES1 BLOCKAD+ CAN OP5 UP SPACE = O!R TACTICS ?AT >E O!RWISE MU* MORE DIFFICULT TO UTILIZE2 PROP]TY DE/RUCTION & /REET P>TIES >E TWO OBVI\S EXAMPLES4 ,9 ?IS REG>D1 :E!R OR NOT !Y S]VE ANY O!R PURPOSE1 SUCCESSFUL BLOCKADES 5ABLE P>TICIPANTS TO APPLY A DIV]SITY ( TACTICS4 

,F9ALLY1 IF S]I\S BLOCKAD+ IS TO BE AN OPTION1 IT MU/ BE ORGANIZ$ MON?S 9 ADVANCE1 :]EAS O!R APPROA*ES CAN BE PUT TOGE!R ) LESS W>N+4 ,IT MI<T TURN \T ?AT BLOCKAD+ IS NOT ! MO/ EFFECTIVE /RATEGY = ! ,R,N,C PROTE/S1 & ! P>TICIPANTS MU/ %IFT DIRECTION AT ! LA/ M9UTE2 BUT = IT EV5 TO BE A POSSIBILITY 9 ,/4 ,PAUL ?IS COM+ ,SEPTEMB]1 IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT ORGANIZ]S BE PREP>+ = IT RI<T N[4 ,ONLY TIME WILL TELL :E!R IT PROVES TO BE AN EFFECTIVE APPROA*1 OR = ?AT MATT] :E!R ?IS SUMM]'S CONV5TION PROTE/S WILL BE EFFECTIVE AT ALL2 BUT ?IS IS ALSO UP TO US4 

,:AT ,CON/ITUTES ,VICTORY8 

  

,AS SUGGE/$ ABOVE1 IT MAY NOT BE NECESS>Y TO SUCCESSFULLY %UT D[N ! ,D,N,C & ,R,N,C TO A*IEVE ! GOALS ( ?IS SUMM]'S PROTE/S2 IT MAY SUFFICE TO MAKE A VALIANT1 S9C]E EF=T4 ,NONE ( ! MAJOR MOBILIZATIONS ( #b1 SU* AS ! ,I,M,F_/,WORLD ,BANK PROTE/S 9 ,WA%+TON1 ,D,C & ! ,R,N,C 9 ,PHILADELPHIA1 SUCCE$$ 9 %UTT+ D[N !IR T>GETS4 ,AT ! TIME1 ?IS WAS REG>D$ ) MIX$ FEEL+S1 BUT IF A MOBILIZATION ( COMP>ABLE SCALE W]E TO TAKE PLACE ?IS YE>1 IT W\LD BE A MASSIVE A*IEVEM5T1 PRO( ?AT ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA HAS NEI!R DISSIPAT$ NOR GIV5 UP ON CONFRONT+ HI]>*ICAL P[] 9 ! /REETS4 ,! PO9T IS NOT TO BR+ BACK ! OBSESSION ) SUMMIT HOPP+ ?AT *>ACT]IZ$ ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T EI<T YE>S AGO1 BUT TO DEMON/RATE ?AT WE CAN UTILIZE ?AT APPROA* :5 IT IS /RATEGIC1 AS A COMPLEM5T TO \R ONGO+ EF=TS 9 O!R CONTEXTS4 ,HI/ORY IS OP5+ A W9D[ TO US RI<T N[1 %\LD WE DESIRE TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( IT4 

,SEE Y\1 ONCE AGA91 9 ! /REETS4 

,ADDITIONAL ,REF]5CES 

  

,UNCONDITIONAL ,FACTION - ,A HIL>I\S SATIRE REG>D+ :Y NOT TO T>GET ! CONV5TIONS  

,:Y ,BLOCKAD+ - ,A TEXT FROM ! ,R,N,C,W,C REG>D+ ! REASON+ BEH9D ! BLOCKAD+ /RATEGY  

,5D+ A ,W>3 ,9V5T+ A ,MOVEM5T3 ,MAYDAY #aiga - ,A HI/ORICAL REF]5CE PO9T = :AT HAPP5$ LA/ TIME A MASS MOBILIZATION FOCUS$ ON DEC5TRALIZ$ BLOCKAD+ NE> ! 5D ( AN ANTIW> MOVEM5T--OR D[NLOAD ! ,P,D,F  
  

.<#a.> ,WE CANNOT CONSID] ?IS DIS5*ANTM5T \TSIDE ! CONTEXT ( ! ANTIW> MOVEM5T1 ( C\RSE1 :I* IS EXAM9$ 9 ! FOLL[+ SECTION4 

.<#b.> ,AT ! SAME TIME1 !Y DRAW ?IS P[] FROM DIRECTLY ATTACK+ MANIFE/ATIONS ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 :I* !Y C\LD NOT DO IF !Y W]E M]ELY SYMBOLIC2 ?US !SE ACTIONS DEP5D ON A PREC>I\S COMB9ATION ( SYMBOLIC & CONCRETE4 

.<#c.> ,IT GOES )\T SAY+ ?AT )\T SU/A9$ LOCAL ORGANIZ+ T[>DS LONG-RANGE GOALS1 WE CAN'T EXPECT ! CONV5TION PROTE/S TO A*IEVE ANY?+ AT ALL1 H[EV] DRAMATIC !Y MI<T BE4 

.<#d.> ,\R TAKE ON ?IS1 CONV]SELY1 IS ?AT POLITICIANS LIKE ,OBAMA >E ELEVAT$ TO ! NATIONAL SPOTLI<T 9 TIMES ( 9CREAS+ DISS5T & DISCONT5T1 SO ?AT GRASSROOTS \TRAGE IS *ANNEL$ BACK 9TO 9/ITUTIONAL COOPTATION4 ,?AT'S \R P[] !Y FLAUNT AT US4 ,LIKE EV]Y?+ ELSE1 IT LOOKS SEXI] ON ! O!R SIDE ( ! TELEVISION SCRE5--BUT RA!R ?AN COVET+ IT !RE1 WE %\LD FOCUS ON CONT9U+ TO BUILD IT1 NOT TO M5TION RESI/ !IR EF=TS TO HIJACK IT4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #h? ,NOVEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#e1 #bbb 3 ,:AT TO ,EXPECT FROM ! ,CONV5TIONS -- ,ADD$4 

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