,*APT] #bh 

#aidaid 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TEXT 3 

,9 REALITY1 ! POSITION 9 :I* M5 :O LIVE BY O!R M5'S LABOR >E PLAC$1 IS BAS$ NOT ONLY ON A C]TA9 BELIEF BUT ON AN 5TIRE DOCTR9E2 & NOT ONLY ON  
  ONE DOCTR9E BUT ON ?REE1 :I* HAVE GR[N ONE UPON ANO!R DUR+ C5TURIES & >E N[ FUZ$ TOGE!R 9TO AN AWFUL DECEIT1--OR HUMBUG AS ! ,5GLI% CALL IT1--:I* HIDES FROM M5 !IR UNRI<TE\SNESS4 

,! OLDE/ ( !SE1 :I* JU/IFIES ! TREASON ( M5 AGA9/ ! FUNDAM5TAL DUTY ( LABOR TO E>N !IR [N LIV+1 WAS ! ,*UR*-,*RI/IAN DOCTR9E1 :I* ASS]TS ?AT M5 BY ! WILL ( ,GOD DIFF] ONE FROM ANO!R AS ! SUN DIFF]S FROM ! MOON & ! />S1 & AS ONE /> DIFF]S FROM ANO!R4 ,SOME M5 ,GOD HAS ORDA9$ TO HAVE DOM9ION OV] ALL1 O!RS TO HAVE P[] OV] MANY1 O!RS1 /ILL1 OV] A FEW1 & ! REMA9D] >E ORDA9$ BY ,GOD TO OBEY4 

,?IS DOCTR9E1 ?\< ALREADY %AK5 TO ITS F\NDATIONS1 /ILL CONT9UES TO 9FLU5CE SOME M51 SO ?AT MANY :O DO NOT ACCEPT IT1 :O (T5 EV5 IGNORE ! EXI/5CE ( IT1 >E1 NEV]!LESS1 GUID$ BY IT4 

,! SECOND IS :AT ,I CANNOT HELP T]M+ ! ,/ATE-PHILOSOPHICAL DOCTR9E4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS1 AS FULLY DEVELOP$ BY ,HEGEL1 EV]Y?+ ?AT EXI/S IS REASONABLE1 & ! E/ABLI%$ ORD] ( LIFE IS CON/ANT1 & IS SU/A9$ NOT M]ELY BY M51 BUT AS ! ONLY POSSIBLE =M ( ! MANIFE/ATION ( ! SPIRIT1 OR1 G5]ALLY1 ( ! LIFE ( MANK9D4 

,?IS DOCTR9E1 TOO1 IS NO LONG] ACCEPT$ BY ! M5 :O DIRECT SOCIAL OP9ION1 & IT HOLDS ITS POSITION ONLY BY ! P[] ( 9]TIA4 

,! LA/ DOCTR9E1 :I* IS N[ RUL+ ! M9DS ( M5 & ON :I* IS BAS$ ! JU/IFICATION ( LEAD+ /ATESM51 M5 ( BUS9ESS1 & SCI5CE & >T1 IS A SCI5TIFIC ONE1 NOT 9 ! EVID5T S5SE ( ! WORD 7MEAN+ KN[L$GE G5]ALLY71 BUT 9 ! S5SE ( A KN[L$GE PECULI> 9 =M AS WELL AS 9 MATT]1 T]M$ ,SCI5CE4 ,ON ?IS NEW DOCTR9E1 ! JU/IFICATION ( MAN'S IDL5ESS & ! HID+ FROM HIM HIS TREASON AGA9/ HIS CALL+1 IS P>TICUL>LY BAS$4 

,?IS DOCTR9E APPE>$ 9 ,EUROPE CONTEMPORANE\SLY ) A L>GE CLASS ( RI* & IDLE PEOPLE :O S]V$ NEI!R ! *UR* NOR ! /ATE & :O W]E 9 WANT ( A JU/IFICATION ( !IR POSITION4 

,NOT V]Y LONG AGO1 BE=E ! ,FR5* REVOLUTION 9 ,EUROPE1 ALL NON-WORK+ PEOPLE1 9 ORD] TO HAVE A RI<T TO UTILIZE O!R M5'S LABOR1 W]E OBLIG$ TO HAVE SOME DEF9ITE OCCUPATION1--TO S]VE 9 ! *UR*1 ! /ATE1 OR ! >MY4 

,! M5 :O S]V$ ! GOV]NM5T1 0GOV]N$ ! PEOPLE02 ?OSE :O S]V$ ! *UR*1 0TAU<T ! PEOPLE  
  DIV9E TRU?S02 & ?OSE :O S]V$ ! >MY1 0PROTECT$ ! PEOPLE40 

,ONLY !SE ?REE CLASSES ( M5--! CL]GY1 ! /ATESM51 & ! MILIT>Y M5--CLAIM$ = !MSELVES ! RI<T ( UTILIZ+ LABOR1 & !Y C\LD ALWAYS PO9T \T !IR S]VICES TO ! PEOPLE3 ! REMA9+ RI* M5 :O HAD NOT ?IS JU/IFICATION1 W]E DESPIS$1 &1 FEEL+ !IR [N WANT ( RI<T1 W]E A%AM$ ( !IR WEAL? & !IR IDL5ESS4 ,BUT AS TIME W5T ON1 ?IS CLASS ( RI* PEOPLE1 :O BELONG$ NEI!R TO ! CL]GY1 TO ! GOV]NM5T1 NOR TO ! >MY1 [+ TO ! VISES ( !SE O!R ?REE CLASSES1 9CREAS$ 9 NUMB] & BECAME A P[]FUL P>TY4 ,!Y W]E 9 WANT ( A JU/IFICATION ( !IR POSITION4 ,& ONE WAS 9V5T$ = !M4 ,A C5TURY HAD NOT ELAPS$ BE=E ! M5 :O S]V$ NEI!R ! ,/ATE NOR ! ,*UR* & TOOK NO P>T :ATEV] 9 !IR AFFAIRS1 RECEIV$ ! SAME RI<T TO LIVE ON LABOR AS ! =M] CLASSES2 & !Y NOT ONLY LEFT (F BE+ A%AM$ ( !IR WEAL? & IDL5ESS BUT BEGAN TO CONSID] !IR POSITION QUITE JU/IFI$4 ,& ! NUMB] ( SU* M5 HAS 9CREAS$1 & IS /ILL 9CREAS+ 9 \R DAYS4 

,! MO/ WOND]FUL ( ALL IS ?IS1 ?AT !SE M5 :OSE CLAIMS TO BE FRE$ FROM LABOR W]E UNRECOGNIZ$ NOT LONG AGO1 N[ CONSID] !MSELVES ALONE TO BE FULLY RI<T & >E ATTACK+ ! =M] ?REE CLASSES1--! S]VANTS ( ! ,*UR*1 ,/ATE1 & ,>MY1--ALLEG+ !IR EXEMPTION FROM LABOR TO BE UNJU/ & (T5 EV5 CONSID]+ !IR ACTIVITY DIRECTLY P]NICI\S4 ,:AT IS /ILL MORE WOND]FUL IS ?IS1 ?AT ! =M] S]VANTS ( ,*UR*1 ,/ATE1 & ,>MY1 DO NOT N[ LEAN ON ! DIV9ITY ( !IR CALL+1 NOR EV5 ON ! PHILOSOPHY :I* CONSID]S ! /ATE NECESS>Y = 9DIVIDUAL DEVELOPM5T1 BUT SETT+ ASIDE !SE SUPPORTS :I* HAVE SO LONG MA9TA9$ !M1 !Y >E N[ SEEK+ ! SAME SUPPORTS ON :I* ! NEW REIGN+ CLASS ( M51 :O HAVE F\ND A NOVEL JU/IFICATION1 /&1 & AT ! HEAD ( :I* >E ! M5 ( ,SCI5CE & ,>T4 

,IF A /ATESMAN N[ SOMETIMES1 APPEAL+ TO OLD MEMORIES1 JU/IFIES HIS POSITION BY ! FACT ?AT HE WAS SET 9 IT BY ,GOD1 OR BY ! FACT ?AT ! /ATE IS A =M ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( P]SONALITY1 HE DOES IT BECAUSE HE IS BEH9D ! AGE1 & HE FEELS ?AT NOBODY BELIEVES HIM4 

,9 ORD] TO JU/IFY HIMSELF EFFECTUALLY1 HE \<T TO F9D N[ NEI!R !OLOGICAL NOR PHILOSOPHICAL BUT NEW & SCI5TIFIC SUPPORTS4 

,IT IS NECESS>Y TO PO9T TO ! PR9CIPLE ( NATIONALITIES1 OR TO ?AT ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( AN ORGANISM2 & TO GA9 OV] ! RUL+ CLASS1 AS 9 ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES IT WAS  
  NECESS>Y TO GA9 OV] ! CL]GY2 & AS AT ! 5D ( ! LA/ C5TURY1 IT WAS NECESS>Y TO OBTA9 ! SANCTION ( PHILOSOPH]S1 AS SE5 9 ! CASE ( ,FR$]ICK ! ,GREAT & ,CA!R9E ( ,RUSSIA4 ,IF N[ A RI* MAN1 AFT] ! OLD FA%ION1 SAYS SOMETIMES ?AT IT IS ,GOD'S PROVID5CE :I* MAKES HIM RI*1 OR IF HE PO9TS TO ! IMPORTANCE ( A NOBILITY = ! WELF>E ( A /ATE1 HE DOES IT BECAUSE HE IS BEH9D ! TIMES4 

,9 ORD] TO JU/IFY HIMSELF COMPLETELY HE MU/ PO9T TO ! WAY HE FUR!RS PROGRESS BY IMPROV+ ! MODES ( PRODUCTION1 BY L[]+ ! PRICES ( CONSUMPTION1 BY E/ABLI%+ 9T]C\RSE BETWE5 NATIONS4 ,A RI* MAN MU/ ?9K & SPEAK 9 SCI5TIFIC LANGUAGE1 &1 LIKE ! CL]GY =M]LY1 HE MU/ (F] SACRIFICES TO ! RUL+ CLASS3 HE MU/ PUBLI% MAGAZ9ES & BOOKS1 PROVIDE HIMSELF ) A PICTURE-GALL]Y1 A MUSICAL SOCIETY1 A K9D]G>T5 OR TE*NICAL S*OOL4 ,! RUL+ CLASS IS ! CLASS ( LE>N$ M5 & >TI/S ( A DEF9ITE *>ACT]4 ,!Y POSSESS ! COMPLETE JU/IFICATION = HAV+ FRE$ !MSELVES FROM LABOR2 & ON ?IS JU/IFICATION 7AS 9 =M] TIMES ON ! !OLOGICAL JU/IFICATION1 & AFT]W>DS ON ! PHILOSOPHICAL ONE7 EV]Y?+ IS BAS$3 & IT IS !SE M5 :O N[ GIVE ! DIPLOMA ( EXEMPTION TO O!R CLASSES4 

,! CLASS ( M5 :O N[ FEEL COMPLETELY JU/IFI$ 9 FREE+ !MSELVES FROM LABOR1 IS ?AT ( M5 ( SCI5CE1 & P>TICUL>LY ( EXP]IM5TAL1 POSITIVE1 CRITICAL1 EVOLUTIONAL SCI5CE1 & ( >TI/S :O DEVELOP !IR IDEAS ACCORD+ TO ! SAME T5D5CY4 

,IF A LE>N$ MAN OR AN >TI/ ( ! OLD /YLE SPEAKS N[ADAYS AB\T PROPHECY1 REVELATION1 OR ! MANIFE/ATION ( ! SPIRIT1 HE DOES SO BECAUSE HE IS BEH9D ! AGE1 & HE WILL NOT SUCCE$ 9 JU/IFY+ HIMSELF3 TO /& FIRM HE MU/ TRY TO ASSOCIATE HIS ACTIVITY ) EXP]IM5TAL1 POSITIVE1 CRITICAL SCI5CE1 & HE MU/ MAKE ?IS SCI5CE ! FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLE ( HIS ACTIVITY4 ,ONLY !N WILL ! SCI5CE OR ! >T ) :I* HE IS OCCUPI$ APPE> TRUE1 & HE WILL /& ON FIRM GR\ND1 & !N !RE WILL BE NO D\BT AS TO HIS USEFULNESS TO MANK9D4 ,! JU/IFICATION ( ALL :O HAVE FRE$ !MSELVES FROM LABOR IS N[ BAS$ UPON ?IS EXP]IM5TAL1 CRITICAL1 POSITIVE SCI5CE4 

,! !OLOGICAL & PHILOSOPHICAL EXPLANATIONS HAVE HAD !IR DAY3 N[ !Y TIMIDLY & BA%FULLY 9TRODUCE !MSELVES TO NOTICE & TRY TO HUMOR !IR SCI5TIFIC USURP]1 :O1 H[EV]1 BOLDLY KNOCKS D[N & DE/ROYS ! REMNANTS ( ! PA/1 EV]Y:]E TAK+ ITS PLACE1 &1 ASSUR$ ( ITS [N FIRMNESS1 LIFTS AL(T ITS HEAD4 

,! !OLOGICAL JU/IFICATION MA9TA9$ ?AT M5 >E  
  PR$E/9$1--SOME TO GOV]N1 O!RS TO OBEY2 SOME TO LIVE SUMPTU\SLY1 O!RS TO LABOR3 & !RE=E ?OSE :O BELIEV$ 9 ! REVELATION ( ,GOD C\LD NOT D\BT ! LAWFULNESS ( ! POSITION ( ?OSE M51 :O1 BY ! WILL ( ,GOD1 >E CALL$ TO GOV]N & TO BE RI*4 

,! /ATE-PHILOSOPHICAL JU/IFICATION US$ TO SAY1 0,! /ATE ) ALL ITS 9/ITUTIONS & DIFF]5CES ( CLASSES ACCORD+ TO RI<TS & POSSESSIONS1 IS ?AT HI/ORICAL =M :I* IS NECESS>Y = ! RI<T MANIFE/ATION ( ! SPIRIT 9 MANK9D2 & !RE=E ! SITUATION :I* EV]YONE OCCUPIES 9 /ATE & 9 SOCIETY ACCORD+ TO HIS RI<TS & TO HIS POSSESSIONS MU/ BE SU* AS TO 5SURE ! S\ND LIFE ( MANK9D40 

,! SCI5TIFIC !ORY SAYS1 0,ALL ?IS IS NONS5SE & SUP]/ITION3 ! ONE IS ! FRUIT ( ! !OLOGICAL P]IOD ( ?\<T1 & ! O!R ( ! METAPHYSICAL P]IOD4 ,TO /UDY ! LAWS ( ! LIFE ( HUMAN SOCIETIES1 !RE IS ONLY ONE SURE ME?OD1--?AT ( A POSITIVE1 EXP]IM5TAL1 CRITICAL SCI5CE4 ,IT IS ONLY SOCIOLOGY1 BAS$ ON BIOLOGY1 9 ITS TURN BAS$ ON ALL ! O!R POSITIVE SCI5CES1 :I* IS ABLE TO GIVE US NEW LAWS = ! LIFE ( MANK9D4 ,MANK9D1 OR HUMAN SOCIETIES1 >E ORGANISMS EI!R ALREADY P]FECT1 OR 9 A /ATE ( DEVELOPM5T SUBJECT TO ! LAWS ( ! EVOLUTION ( ORGANISMS4 ,ONE ( ! FIR/ ( !SE LAWS IS ! DIVISION ( LABOR AMONG ! PORTIONS ( ! ORGANS4 ,IF SOME M5 GOV]N & O!RS OBEY1 SOME LIVE 9 OPUL5CE & O!RS 9 WANT1 !N ?IS IS SO1 NEI!R ACCORD+ TO ! WILL ( ,GOD NOR BECAUSE ! /ATE IS ! =M ( ! MANIFE/ATION ( P]SONALITY1 BUT BECAUSE 9 SOCIETIES AS 9 ORGANISMS A DIVISION ( LABOR TAKES PLACE :I* IS NECESS>Y = ! LIFE ( ! :OLE4 ,SOME M5 P]=M 9 SOCIETIES ! MUSCUL> P>T ( LABOR1 & O!RS1 ! M5TAL40 

,ON ?IS DOCTR9E IS BUILT ! RUL+ EXCUSE ( ! AGE4 

,FROM 3 ,GUT5B]G4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aic 3 ,*APT] #bh -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #a#i1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #bh -- ,ADD$4 

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