,*APT] #bf 
,PREP>ATION 

#aibiaibi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN 

,TEXT 3 

0,PREP>E = REVOLUTION60 EXCLAIMS Y\R FRI5D2 0IS ?AT POSSIBLE8 

,YES4 ,NOT ONLY IS IT POSSIBLE BUT ABSOLUTELY NECESS>Y4 

0,DO Y\ REF] TO SECRET PREP>ATIONS1 >M$ B&S1 & M5 TO LEAD ! FI<T80 Y\ ASK4 

,NO1 MY FRI5D1 NOT ?AT AT ALL4 

,IF ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION MEANT ONLY /REET BATTLES & B>RICADES1 !N ! PREP>ATIONS Y\ HAVE 9 M9D W\LD BE ! ?+4 ,BUT REVOLUTION DOES NOT SIGNIFY ?AT2 AT LEA/ ! FI<T+ PHASE ( IT IS ! SMALLE/ & LEA/ IMPORTANT P>T4 

,! TRU? IS1 9 MOD]N TIMES REVOLUTION DOES NOT MEAN B>RICADES ANY MORE4 ,!SE BELONG TO ! PA/4 ,! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS A F> DIFF]5T & MORE ESS5TIAL MATT] IT 9VOLVES ! REORGANIZATION ( ! 5TIRE LIFE ( SOCIETY ,Y\ WILL AGREE ?AT ?IS IS C]TA9LY NOT TO BE ACCOMPLI%$ BY M]E FI<T+4 

,( C\RSE1 ! OB/ACLES 9 ! PA? ( ! SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION HAVE TO BE REMOV$4 ,?AT IS TO SAY ! MEANS ( ?AT RECON/RUCTION MU/ BE SECUR$ BY ! MASSES4 ,?OSE MEANS >E AT PRES5T 9 ! H&S ( GOV]NM5T & CAPITALISM1 & !SE WILL RESI/ EV]Y EF=T TO DEPRIVE !M ( !IR P[] & POSSESSIONS4 ,?AT RESI/ANCE WILL 9VOLVE A FI<T4 ,BUT REMEMB] ?AT ! FI<T IS NOT ! MA9 ?+1 IS NOT ! OBJECT1 NOT ! REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS ONLY ! PREFACE1 ! PRELIM9>Y TO IT4 

,IT IS V]Y NECESS>Y ?AT Y\ GET ?IS /RAI<T4 ,MO/ PEOPLE HAVE V]Y CONFUS$ NOTIONS AB\T REVOLUTION4 ,TO !M IT MEANS JU/ FI<T+1 SMA%+ ?+S1 DE/ROY+4 ,IT IS ! SAME AS IF ROLL+ UP Y\R SLEEVES = WORK %\LD BE CONSID]$ AS ! WORK ITSELF ?AT Y\ HAVE TO DO4 ,! FI<T+ P>T ( REVOLUTION IS M]ELY ! ROLL+ UP ( Y\R SLEEVES4 ,! REAL1 ACTUAL TASK IS AHEAD4 

,:AT IS ?AT TASK8 

0,! DE/RUCTION ( ! EXI/+ CONDITIONS10 Y\ REPLY4 

,TRUE4 ,BUT CONDITIONS >E NOT DE/ROY$ BY BREAK+ & SMA%+ ?+S4 ,Y\ CAN'T DE/ROY WAGE SLAV]Y BY WRECK+ ! MA*9]Y 9 MILLS & FACTORIES1 CAN Y\8 ,Y\ WON'T DE/ROY GOV]NM5T BY SETT+ FIRE TO ! ,:ITE ,H\SE4 

,TO ?9K ( REVOLUTION 9 T]MS ( VIOL5CE & DE/RUCTION IS TO MIS9T]PRET & FALSIFY ! :OLE IDEA ( IT4 ,9 PRACTICAL APPLICATION SU* A CONCEPTION IS B\ND TO LEAD TO DISA/R\S RESULTS4 

,:5 A GREAT ?9K]1 LIKE ! FAM\S ,AN>*I/ ,BAKUN91 SPEAKS ( REVOLUTION AS DE/RUCTION1 HE HAS 9 M9D ! IDEAS ( AU?ORITY & OB$I5CE :I* >E TO BE DE/ROY$4 ,IT IS = ?IS REASON ?AT HE SAID ?AT DE/RUCTION MEANS CON/RUCTION1 = TO DE/ROY A FALSE BELIEF IS 9DE$ MO/ CON/RUCTIVE WORK4 

,BUT ! AV]AGE MAN1 & TOO (T5 EV5 ! REVOLUTIONI/1 ?\<TLESSLY TALKS ( REVOLUTION AS BE+ EXCLUSIVELY DE/RUCTIVE 9 ! PHYSICAL S5SE ( ! WORD4 ,?AT IS A WRONG & DANG]\S VIEW4 ,! SOON] WE GET RID ( IT ! BETT]4 

,REVOLUTION1 & P>TICUL>LY ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 IS NOT DE/RUCTION BUT CON/RUCTION4 ,?IS CANNOT BE SUFFICI5TLY EMPHASIZ$1 & UNLESS WE CLE>LY REALIZE IT1 REVOLUTION WILL REMA9 ONLY DE/RUCTIVE & !REBY ALWAYS A FAILURE4 ,NATURALLY REVOLUTION IS ACCOMPANI$ BY VIOL5CE1 BUT Y\ MI<T AS WELL SAY ?AT BUILD+ A NEW H\SE 9 PLACE ( AN OLD ONE IS DE/RUCTIVE BECAUSE Y\ HAVE FIR/ TO TE> D[N ! OLD ONE4 ,REVOLUTION IS ! CULM9AT+ PO9T ( A C]TA9 EVOLUTION>Y PROCESS3 IT BEG9S ) A VIOL5T UPHEAVAL4 ,IT IS ! ROLL+ UP ( Y\R SLEEVES PREP>ATORY TO />T+ ! ACTUAL WORK4 

,9DE$1 CONSID] :AT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS TO DO1 :AT IT IS TO ACCOMPLI%1 & Y\ WILL P]CEIVE ?AT IT COMES NOT TO DE/ROY BUT TO BUILD4 

,:AT1 REALLY1 IS !RE TO DE/ROY8 

,! WEAL? ( ! RI*8 ,NAY1 ?AT IS SOME?+ WE WANT ! :OLE ( SOCIETY TO 5JOY4 

,! L&1 ! FIELDS1 ! COAL M9ES1 ! RAILROADS1 FACTORIES1 MILLS1 & %OPS8 ,!SE WE WANT NOT TO DE/ROY BUT TO MAKE USEFUL TO ! 5TIRE PEOPLE4 

,! TELEGRAPHS1 TELEPHONES1 ! MEANS ( COMMUNICATION & DI/RIBUTION-DO WE WANT TO DE/ROY !M8 ,NO1 WE WANT !M TO S]VE ! NE$S ( ALL4 

,:AT1 !N1 IS ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION TO DE/ROY8 ,IT IS TO TAKE OV] ?+S = ! G5]AL B5EFIT1 NOT TO DE/ROY !M4 ,IT IS TO REORGANIZE CONDITIONS = ! PUBLIC WELF>E4 

,NOT TO DE/ROY IS ! AIM ( ! REVOLUTION1 BUT TO RECON/RUCT & REBUILD4 

,IT IS = ?IS ?AT PREP>ATION IS4 NE$$1 BECAUSE ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS NOT ! ,BIBLICAL HIS MISSION BY SIMPLE $ICT OR ,MESSIAH :O IS TO ACCOMPLI% ORD]4 ,REVOLUTION WORKS ) ! H&S & BRA9S ( M54 ,& !SE HAVE TO UND]/& ! OBJECTS ( ! REVOLUTION SO AS TO BE ABLE TO C>RY !M \T4 ,!Y WILL HAVE TO KN[ :AT !Y WANT & H[ TO A*IEVE IT4 ,! WAY TO A*IEVE IT WILL BE PO9T$ BY ! OBJECTS TO BE ATTA9$4 ,= ! 5D DET]M9ES ! MEANS1 JU/ AS Y\ HAVE TO S[ A P>TICUL> SE$ TO GR[ ! ?+ Y\ NE$4 

,:AT1 !N1 MU/ ! PREP>ATION = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION BE8 

,IF Y\R OBJECT IS TO SECURE LIB]TY1 Y\ MU/ LE>N TO DO )\T AU?ORITY & COMPULSION4 ,IF Y\ 9T5D TO LIVE 9 PEACE & H>MONY ) Y\R FELL[-M51 Y\ & !Y %\LD CULTIVATE BRO!RHOOD & RESPECT = EA* O!R4 ,IF Y\ WANT TO WORK TOGE!R ) !M = Y\R MUTUAL B5EFIT1 Y\ MU/ PRACTICE COOP]ATION4 ,! SOCIAL REVOLUTION MEANS MU* MORE ?AN ! REORGANIZATION ( CONDITIONS ONLY3 IT MEANS ! E/ABLI%M5T ( NEW HUMAN VALUES & SOCIAL RELATION%IPS1 A *ANG$ ATTITUDE ( MAN TO MAN1 AS ( ONE FREE & 9DEP5D5T TO HIS EQUAL2 IT MEANS A DIFF]5T SPIRIT 9 9DIVIDUAL & COLLECTIVE LIFE1 & ?AT SPIRIT CANNOT BE BORN OV]NI<T4 ,IT IS A SPIRIT TO BE CULTIVAT$1 TO BE NURTUR$ & RE>$1 AS ! MO/ DELICATE FL[] IS1 = 9DE$ IT IS ! FL[] ( A NEW & BEAUTIFUL EXI/5CE4 

,DO NOT DUPE Y\RSELF ) ! SILLY NOTION ?AT 0?+S WILL >RANGE !MSELVES40 ,NO?+ EV] >RANGES ITSELF1 LEA/ ( ALL 9 HUMAN RELATIONS4 ,IT IS M5 :O DO ! >RANG+1 & !Y DO IT ACCORD+ TO !IR ATTITUDE & UND]/&+ ( ?+S4 

,NEW SITUATIONS & *ANG$ CONDITIONS MAKE US FEEL1 ?9K1 & ACT 9 A DIFF]5T MANN]4 ,BUT ! NEW CONDITIONS !MSELVES COME AB\T ONLY AS A RESULT ( NEW FEEL+S & IDEAS4 ,! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS SU* A NEW CONDITION4 ,WE MU/ LE>N TO ?9K DIFF]5TLY BE=E ! REVOLUTION CAN COME4 ,?AT ALONE CAN BR+ ! REVOLUTION4 

,WE MU/ LE>N TO ?9K DIFF]5TLY AB\T GOV]NM5T & AU?ORITY1 = AS LONG AS WE ?9K & ACT AS WE DO TO-DAY1 !RE WILL BE 9TOL]ANCE1 P]SECUTION1 & OPPRESSION1 EV5 :5 ORGANIZ$ GOV]NM5T IS ABOLI%$4 ,WE MU/ LE>N TO RESPECT ! HUMANITY ( \R FELL[-MAN1 NOT TO 9VADE HIM OR CO]CE HIM1 TO CONSID] HIS LIB]TY AS SACR$ AS \R [N2 TO RESPECT HIS FRE$OM & HIS P]SONALITY1 TO =SWE> COMPULSION 9 ANY =M3 TO UND]/& ?AT ! CURE = ! EVILS ( LIB]TY IS MORE LIB]TY1 ?AT LIB]TY IS ! MO!R ( ORD]4 

,& FUR!RMORE WE MU/ LE>N ?AT EQUALITY MEANS EQUAL OPPORTUNITY1 ?AT MONOPOLY IS ! D5IAL ( IT1 & ?AT ONLY BRO!RHOOD SECURES EQUALITY4 ,WE CAN LE>N ?IS ONLY BY FREE+ \RSELVES FROM ! FALSE IDEAS ( CAPITALISM & ( PROP]TY1 ( M9E & %9E1 ( ! N>R[ CONCEPTION ( [N]%IP4 

,BY LE>N+ ?IS WE %ALL GR[ 9TO ! SPIRIT ( TRUE LIB]TY & SOLID>ITY1 & KN[ ?AT FREE ASSOCIATION IS ! S\L ( EV]Y A*IEVEM5T4 ,WE %ALL !N REALIZE ?AT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS ! WORK ( COOP]ATION1 ( SOLID>IC PURPOSE1 ( MUTUAL EF=T4 

,MAYBE Y\ ?9K ?IS TOO SL[ A PROCESS1 A WORK ?AT WILL TAKE TOO LONG4 ,YES1 ,I MU/ ADMIT ?AT IT IS A DIFFICULT TASK4 ,BUT ASK Y\RSELF IF IT IS BETT] TO BUILD Y\R NEW H\SE QUICKLY & BADLY & HAVE IT BREAK D[N OV] Y\R HEAD1 RA!R ?AN TO DO IT EFFICI5TLY1 EV5 IF IT REQUIRES LONG] & H>D] WORK4 

,REMEMB] ?AT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION REPRES5TS ! LIB]TY & WELF>E ( ! :OLE ( MANK9D1 ?AT ! COMPLETE & F9AL EMANCIPATION ( LABOR DEP5DS UPON IT4 ,CONSID] ALSO ?AT IF ! WORK IS BADLY DONE1 ALL ! EF=T & SUFF]+ 9VOLV$ 9 IT WILL BE = NO?+ & P]HAPS EV5 WORSE ?AN = NO?+1 BECAUSE MAK+ A BOT* JOB ( REVOLUTION MEANS PUTT+ A NEW TYRANNY 9 PLACE ( ! OLD1 & NEW TYRANNIES1 BECAUSE !Y >E NEW1 HAVE A NEW LEASE ON LIFE4 ,IT MEANS =G+ NEW *A9S :I* >E /RONG] ?AN ! OLD4 

,CONSID] ALSO ?AT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION WE HAVE 9 M9D IS TO ACCOMPLI% ! WORK ?AT MANY G5]ATIONS ( M5 HAVE BE5 LABOR+ TO A*IEVE1 = ! :OLE HI/ORY ( MAN HAS BE5 A /RUGGLE ( LIB]TY AGA9/ S]VITUDE1 ( SOCIAL WELL-BE+ AGA9/ POV]TY & WRET*$NESS1 ( JU/ICE AGA9/ 9IQUITY4 ,:AT WE CALL PROGRESS HAS BE5 A PA9FUL BUT CONT9U\S M>* 9 ! DIRECTION ( LIMIT+ AU?ORITY & ! P[] ( GOV]NM5T & 9CREAS+ ! RI<TS & LIB]TIES ( ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ( ! MASSES4 ,IT HAS BE5 A /RUGGLE ?AT HAS TAK5 ?\S&S ( YE>S4 ,! REASON ?AT IT TOOK SU* A LONG TIME-& IS NOT 5D$ YET-IS BECAUSE PEOPLE DID NOT KN[ :AT ! REAL TR\BLE WAS3 !Y F\<T AGA9/ ?IS & = ?AT1 !Y *ANG$ K+S & =M$ NEW GOV]NM5TS1 !Y PUT \T ONE RUL] ONLY TO SET UP ANO!R1 !Y DROVE AWAY A 0=EIGN0 OPPRESSOR ONLY TO SUFF] ! YOKE ( A NATIVE ONE1 !Y ABOLI%$ ONE =M ( TYRANNY1 SU* AS ! ,CZ>S1 & SUBMITT$ TO ?AT ( A P>TY DICTATOR%IP1 & ALWAYS & EV] !Y %$ !IR BLOOD & H]OICALLY SACRIFIC$ !IR LIVES 9 ! HOPE ( SECUR+ LIB]TY & WELF>E4 

,BUT !Y SECUR$ ONLY NEW MA/]S1 BECAUSE H[EV] DESP]ATELY & NOBLY !Y F\<T1 !Y NEV] T\*$ ! REAL S\RCE ( TR\BLE1 ! PR9CIPLE ( AU?ORITY & GOV]NM5T4 ,!Y DID NOT KN[ ?AT ?AT WAS ! F\NTA9HEAD ( 5SLAVEM5T & OPPRESSION1 & !RE=E !Y NEV] SUCCE$$ 9 GA9+ LIB]TY4 

,BUT N[ WE UND]/& ?AT TRUE LIB]TY IS NOT A MATT] ( *ANG+ K+S OR RUL]S4 ,WE KN[ ?AT ! :OLE SY/EM ( MA/] & SLAVE MU/ GO1 ?AT ! 5TIRE SOCIAL S*EME IS WRONG1 ?AT GOV]NM5T & COMPULSION MU/ BE ABOLI%$1 ?AT ! V]Y F\NDATIONS ( AU?ORITY & MONOPOLY MU/ BE UPROOT$4 ,DO Y\ /ILL ?9K ANY K9D ( PREP>ATION = SU* A GREAT TASK CAN BE TOO DIFFICULT8 

,LET US1 !N1 FULLY REALIZE H[ IMPORTANT IT IS TO PREP>E = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 & TO PREP>E = IT 9 ! RI<T WAY4 

0,BUT :AT IS ! RI<T WAY80 Y\ DEM&4 0,& :O IS TO PREP>E80 

,:O IS TO PREP>E8 ,FIR/ ( ALL1 Y\ & ,I-?OSE :O >E 9T]E/$ 9 ! SUCCESS ( ! REVOLUTION1 ?OSE :O WANT TO HELP BR+ IT AB\T4 ,& Y\ & ,I MEANS EV]Y MAN & WOMAN2 AT LEA/ EV]Y DEC5T MAN & WOMAN1 EV]Y ONE :O HATES OPPRESSION & LOVES LIB]TY1 EV]Y ONE :O CANNOT 5DURE ! MIS]Y & 9JU/ICE :I* FILL ! WORLD TO-DAY4 

,& ABOVE ALL IT IS ?OSE :O SUFF] MO/ FROM EXI/+ CONDITIONS1 FROM WAGE SLAV]Y1 SUBJECTION1 & 9DIGNITY4 

0,! WORK]S1 ( C\RSE10 Y\ SAY4 

,YES1 ! WORK]S4 ,AS ! WOR/ VICTIMS ( PRES5T 9/ITUTIONS1 IT IS TO !IR [N 9T]E/ TO ABOLI% !M4 ,IT HAS BE5 TRULY SAID ?AT 0! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK]S MU/ BE ACCOMPLI%$ BY ! WORK]S !MSELVES10 = NO O!R SOCIAL CLASS WILL DO IT = !M4 ,YET LABOR'S EMANCIPATION MEANS AT ! SAME TIME ! R$EMPTION ( ! :OLE ( SOCIETY1 & ?AT IS :Y SOME PEOPLE SPEAK ( LABOR'S 0HI/ORIC MISSION0 TO BR+ AB\T ! BETT] DAY4 

,BUT 0MISSION0 IS ! WRONG WORD4 ,IT SUGGE/S A DUTY OR TASK IMPOS$ ON ONE FROM ! \TSIDE1 BY SOME EXT]NAL P[]4 ,IT IS A FALSE & MISLEAD+ CONCEPTION1 ESS5TIALLY A RELIGI\S1 METAPHYSICAL S5TIM5T4 ,9DE$1 IF ! EMANCIPATION ( LABOR IS A 0HI/ORIC MISSION10 !N HI/ORY WILL SEE TO IT ?AT IT IS C>RI$ \T NO MATT] :AT WE MAY ?9K1 FEEL1 OR DO AB\T IT4 ,?IS ATTITUDE MAKES HUMAN EF=T UNNECESS>Y1 SUP]FLU\S2 BECAUSE 0:AT MU/ BE WILL BE40 ,SU* A FATALI/IC NOTION IS DE/RUCTIVE TO ALL 9ITIATIVE & ! EX]CISE ( ONE'S M9D & WILL4 

,IT IS A DANG]\S & H>MFUL IDEA4 ,!RE IS NO P[] \TSIDE ( MAN :I* CAN FREE HIM1 NONE :I* CAN *>GE HIM ) ANY 0MISSION40 ,NEI!R HEAV5 NOR HI/ORY CAN DO IT4 ,HI/ORY IS ! /ORY ( :AT HAS HAPP5$4 ,IT CAN TEA* A LESSON BUT NOT IMPOSE A TASK4 ,IT IS NOT ! 0MISSION0 BUT ! 9T]E/ ( ! PROLET>IAT TO EMANCIPATE ITSELF FROM BONDAGE4 ,IF LABOR DOES NOT CONSCI\SLY & ACTIVELY /RIVE = IT1 IT WILL NEV] 0HAPP540 ,IT IS NECESS>Y TO FREE \RSELVES FROM ! /UPID & FALSE NOTION ( 0HI/ORIC MISSIONS40 ,IT IS ONLY BY GR[+ TO A TRUE REALIZATION ( !IR PRES5T POSITION1 BY VISUALIZ+ !IR POSSIBILITIES & P[]S1 BY LE>N+ UNITY & COOP]ATION1 & PRACTIC+ !M1 ?AT ! MASSES CAN ATTA9 FRE$OM4 ,9 A*IEV+ ?AT !Y WILL ALSO HAVE #aIB]AT$ ! RE/ ( MANK9D4 

,BECAUSE ( ?IS ! PROLET>IAN /RUGGLE IS ! CONC]N ( EV]Y ONE1 & ALL S9C]E M5 & WOM5 %\LD !RE=E BE AT ! S]VICE ( LABOR 9 ITS GREAT TASK4 ,9DE$1 ?\< ONLY ! TOIL]S CAN ACCOMPLI% ! WORK ( EMANCIPATION !Y NE$ ! AID ( O!R SOCIAL GR\PS4 ,= Y\ MU/ REMEMB] ?AT ! REVOLUTION FACES ! DIFFICULT PROBLEM ( REORGANIZ+ ! WORLD & BUILD+ A NEW CIVILIZATION-A WORK ?AT WILL REQUIRE ! GREATE/ REVOLUTION>Y 9TEGRITY & ! 9TELLIG5T COOP]ATION ( ALL WELL-MEAN+ & LIB]TY-LOV+ ELEM5TS4 ,WE ALREADY KN[ ?AT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION ,I,S NOT A MATT] ( ABOLI%+ CAPITALISM ONLY4 ,WE MI<T TURN \T CAPITALISM1 AS FEUDALISM WAS GOT RID (1 & /ILL REMA9 SLAVES AS BE=E4 ,9/EAD ( BE+1 AS N[1 ! BOND M5 ( PRIVATE MONOPOLY WE MI<T BECOME ! S]VANTS ( ,/ATE CAPITALISM1 AS HAS HAPP5$ TO ! PEOPLE 9 ,RUSSIA1 = 9/ANCE1 & AS CONDITIONS >E DEVELOP+ 9 ,ITALY & O!R L&S4 

,! SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 IT MU/ NEV] BE =GOTT51 IS NOT TO ALT] ONE =M ( SUBJECTION = ANO!R1 BUT IS TO DO AWAY ) EV]Y?+ ?AT CAN 5?RALL$ & OPPRESS Y\4 

,A POLITICAL REVOLUTION MAY BE C>RI$ TO A SUCCESSFUL ISSUE BY A CONSPIRATIVE M9ORITY1 PUTT+ ONE RUL+ FACTION 9 PLACE ( ANO!R4 ,BUT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS NOT A M]E POLITICAL *ANGE3 IT IS A FUNDAM5TAL ECONOMIC1 E?ICAL1 & CULTURAL TRANS=MATION4 ,A CONSPIRATIVE M9ORITY OR POLITICAL P>TY UND]TAK+ SU* A WORK MU/ MEET ) ! ACTIVE & PASSIVE OPPOSITION ( ! GREAT MAJORITY & !RE=E DEG5]ATE 9TO A SY/EM ( DICTATOR%IP & T]ROR4 

,9 ! FACE ( A HO/ILE MAJORITY ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS DOOM$ TO FAILURE FROM ITS V]Y BEG9N+4 ,IT MEANS1 !N1 ?AT ! FIR/ PREP>ATORY WORK ( ! REVOLUTION CONSI/S 9 W9N+ OV] ! MASSES AT L>GE 9 FAVOR ( ! REVOLUTION & ITS OBJECTS1 W9N+ !M OV]1 AT LEA/1 TO ! EXT5T ( NEUTRALIZ+ !M1 ( TURN+ !M FROM ACTIVE 5EMIES TO PASSIVE SYMPA?IZ]S1 SO ?AT !Y MAY NOT FI<T AGA9/ ! REVOLUTION EV5 IF !Y DO NOT FI<T = IT4 

,! ACTUAL1 POSITIVE WORK ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION MU/1 ( C\RSE1 BE C>RI$ ON BY ! TOIL]S !MSELVES1 BY ! LABOR+ PEOPLE4 ,& H]E LET US BE> 9 M9D ?AT IT IS NOT ONLY ! FACTORY H& :O BELONGS TO LABOR BUT ! F>M WORK] AS WELL4 ,SOME RADICALS >E 9CL9$ TO LAY TOO MU* /RESS ON ! 9DU/RIAL PROLET>IAT1 ALMO/ IGNOR+ ! EXI/5CE ( ! AGRICULTURAL TOIL]4 ,YET :AT C\LD ! FACTORY WORK] ACCOMPLI% )\T ! F>M]8 ,AGRICULTURE IS ! PRIMAL S\RCE ( LIFE1 & ! CITY W\LD />VE BUT = ! C\NTRY4 ,IT IS IDLE TO COMP>E ! 9DU/RIAL WORK] ) ! F>M LABOR] OR DISCUSS !IR RELATIVE VALUE4 ,NEI!R CAN DO )\T ! O!R2 BO? >E EQUALLY IMPORTANT 9 ! S*EME ( LIFE & EQUALLY SO 9 ! REVOLUTION & ! BUILD+ ( A NEW SOCIETY4 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT REVOLUTION FIR/ BREAKS \T 9 9DU/RIAL LOCALITIES RA!R ?AN 9 AGRICULTURAL4 ,?IS IS NATURAL1 S9CE !SE >E GREAT] C5T]S ( LABOR+ POPULATION & !RE=E ALSO ( POPUL> DISSATISFACTION4 ,BUT IF ! 9DU/RIAL PROLET>IAT IS ! ADVANCE-GU>D ( REVOLUTION1 !N ! F>M LABOR] IS ITS BACKBONE4 ,IF ! LATT] IS WEAK OR BROK51 ! ADVANCE-GU>D1 ! REVOLUTION ITSELF1 IS LO/4 

,!RE=E1 ! WORK ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION LIES 9 ! H&S ( BO? ! 9DU/RIAL WORK] & ! F>M LABOR]4 ,UN=TUNATELY IT MU/ BE ADMITT$ ?AT !RE IS TOO LITTLE UND]/&+ & ALMO/ NO FRI5D%IP OR DIRECT COOP]ATION BETWE5 ! TWO4 ,WORSE ?AN ?AT - & NO D\BT ! RESULT ( IT-!RE IS A C]TA9 DISLIKE & ANTAGONISM BETWE5 ! PROLET>IANS ( FIELD & FACTORY4 ,! CITY MAN HAS TOO LITTLE APPRECIATION ( ! H>D & EXHAU/+ TOIL ( ! F>M] ,! LATT] 9/9CTIVELY RES5TS IT2 MOREOV]1 UNFAMILI> ) ! /R5U\S & (T5 DANG]\S LABOR ( ! FACTORY1 ! F>M] IS APT TO LOOK UPON ! CITY WORK] AS AN IDL]4 ,A CLOS] APPROA* & BETT] UND]/&+ BETWE5 ! TWO IS ABSOLUTELY VITAL4 ,CAPITALISM ?RIVES NOT SO MU* ON DIVISION ( WORK AS ON ! DIVISION ( ! WORK]S4 ,IT SEEKS TO 9CITE RACE AGA9/ RACE1 ! FACTORY H& AGA9/ ! F>M]1 ! LABOR] AGA9/ ! SKILL$ MAN1 ! WORK]S ( ONE C\NTRY AGA9/ ?OSE ( ANO!R4 ,! /R5G? ( ! EXPLOIT+ CLASS LIES 9 DISUNIT$1 DIVID$ LABOR4 ,BUT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION REQUIRES ! UNITY ( ! TOIL+ MASSES1 & FIR/ ( ALL ! CO8OP]ATION ( ! FACTORY-PROLET>IAN ) HIS BRO!R 9 ! FIELD4 

,A NE>] APPROA* BETWE5 ! TWO IS AN IMPORTANT /EP 9 PREP>ATION = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,ACTUAL CONTACT BETWE5 !M IS ( PRIME NECESSITY4 ,JO9T C\NCILS1 EX*ANGE ( DELEGATES1 A SY/EM ( CO8OP]ATIVES1 & O!R SIMIL> ME?ODS1 W\LD T5D TO =M A CLOS] BOND & BETT] UND]/&+ BETWE5 ! WORK] & F>M]4 

,BUT IT IS NOT ONLY ! CO8OP]ATION ( ! FACTORY PROLET>IAN ) ! F>M LABOR] :I* IS NECESS>Y = ! REVOLUTION4 ,!RE IS ANO!R ELEM5T ABSOLUTELY NE$$ 9 ITS CON/RUCTIVE WORK4 ,IT IS ! TRA9$ M9D ( ! PR(ESSIONAL MAN4 

,DO NOT MAKE ! MI/AKE ( ?9K+ ?AT ! WORLD HAS BE5 BUILT ) H&S ONLY4 ,IT HAS ALSO REQUIR$ BRA9S4 ,SIMIL>LY DOES ! REVOLUTION NE$ BO? ! MAN ( BRAWN & ! MAN ( BRA94 ,MANY PEOPLE IMAG9E ?AT ! MANUAL WORK] ALONE CAN DO ! 5TIRE WORK ( SOCIETY4 ,IT IS A FALSE IDEA1 A V]Y GRAVE ]ROR ?AT CAN BR+ NO 5D ( H>M4 ,9 FACT1 ?IS CONCEPTION HAS WORK$ GREAT EVIL ON PREVI\S OCCASIONS1 & !RE IS GOOD REASON TO FE> ?AT IT MAY DEFEAT ! BE/ EF=TS ( ! REVOLUTION4 

,! WORK+ CLASS CONSI/S ( ! 9DU/RIAL WAGE E>N]S & ! AGRICULTURAL TOIL]S4 ,BUT ! WORK]S REQUIRE ! S]VICES ( ! PR(ESSIONAL ELEM5TS1 ( ! 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZ]1 ! ELECTRICAL & ME*ANICAL 5G9E]1 ! TE*NICAL SPECIALI/1 ! SCI5TI/1 9V5TOR1 *EMI/1 ! $UCATOR1 DOCTOR1 & SURGEON4 ,9 %ORT1 ! PROLET>IAT ABSOLUTELY NE$S ! AID ( C]TA9 PR(ESSIONAL ELEM5TS )\T :OSE CO8OP]ATION NO PRODUCTIVE LABOR IS POSSIBLE4 

,MO/ ( ?OSE PR(ESSIONAL M5 9 REALITY ALSO BELONG TO ! PROLET>IAT4 ,!Y >E ! 9TELLECTUAL PROLET>IAT1 ! PROLET>IAT ( BRA94 ,IT IS CLE> ?AT IT MAKES NO DIFF]5CE :E!R ONE E>NS HIS LIV+ ) HIS H&S OR ) HIS HEAD4 ,AS A MATT] ( FACT1 NO WORK IS DONE ONLY ) ! H&S OR ONLY ) ! BRA94 ,! APPLICATION ( BO? IS REQUIR$ 9 EV]Y K9D ( EF=T4 ,! C>P5T]1 = 9/ANCE1 MU/ E/IMATE1 MEASURE1 & FIGURE 9 ! C\RSE ( HIS TASK3 HE MU/ USE BO? H& & BRA94 ,SIMIL>LY ! >*ITECT MU/ ?9K \T HIS PLAN BE=E IT CAN BE DRAWN ON PAP] & PUT TO PRACTICAL USE4 

0,BUT ONLY LABOR CAN PRODUCE10 Y\R FRI5D OBJECTS2 0BRA9 WORK IS NOT PRODUCTIVE40 

,WRONG1 MY FRI5D4 ,NEI!R MANUAL LABOR NOR BRA9 WORK CAN PRODUCE ANY?+ ALONE4 ,IT REQUIRES BO?1 WORK+ TOGE!R1 TO CREATE SOME?+4 ,! BRICKLAY] & MASON CAN'T BUILD ! FACTORY )\T ! >*ITECT'S PLANS1 NOR CAN ! >*ITECT ]ECT A BRIDGE )\T ! IRON & /EEL WORK]4 ,NEI!R CAN PRODUCE ALONE4 ,BUT BO? TOGE!R CAN ACCOMPLI% WOND]S4 

,FUR!RMORE1 DO NOT FALL 9TO ! ]ROR ( BELIEV+ ?AT ONLY PRODUCTIVE LABOR C\NTS4 ,!RE IS MU* WORK ?AT IS NOT DIRECTLY PRODUCTIVE1 BUT :I* IS USEFUL & EV5 ABSOLUTELY NECESS>Y TO \R EXI/5CE & COM=T1 & !RE=E JU/ AS IMPORTANT AS PRODUCTIVE LABOR4 

,TAKE ! RAILROAD 5G9E] & CONTRACTOR1 = 9/ANCE4 ,!Y >E NOT PRODUC]S1 BUT !Y >E ESS5TIAL FACTORS 9 ! SY/EM ( PRODUCTION4 ,)\T ! RAILROADS & O!R MEANS ( TRANSPORT & COMMUNICATION WE C\LD MANAGE NEI!R PRODUCTION NOR DI/RIBUTION4 

,PRODUCTION & DI/RIBUTION >E ! TWO PO9TS ( ! SAME LIFE POLE4 ,! LABOR REQUIR$ = ! ONE IS AS IMPORTANT AS ?AT NE$$ = ! O!R4 

,:AT ,I SAID ABOVE APPLIES TO NUM]\S PHASES ( HUMAN EF=T :I*1 ?\< !MSELVES NOT DIRECTLY PRODUCTIVE1 PLAY A VITAL P>T 9 ! MANIFOLD PROCESSES ( \R ECONOMIC & SOCIAL LIFE4 ,! MAN ( SCI5CE1 ! $UCATOR1 ! PHYSICIAN & SURGEON >E NOT PRODUCTIVE 9 ! 9DU/RIAL S5SE ( ! WORD4 ,BUT !IR WORK IS ABSOLUTELY NECESS>Y TO \R LIFE & WELF>E4 ,CIVILIZ$ SOCIETY C\LD NOT EXI/ )\T !M4 

,IT IS !RE=E EVID5T ?AT USEFUL WORK IS EQUALLY IMPORTANT :E!R IT BE ?AT ( BRA9 OR ( BRAWN1 MANUAL OR M5TAL4 ,NOR DOES IT MATT] :E!R IT IS A SAL>Y OR WAGES :I* ONE RECEIVES1 :E!R HE IS PAID MU* OR LITTLE1 OR :AT HIS POLITICAL OR O!R OP9IONS MI<T BE4 

,ALL ! ELEM5TS ?AT CAN CONTRIBUTE USEFUL WORK TO ! G5]AL WELF>E >E NE$$ 9 ! REVOLUTION = ! BUILD+ ( ! NEW LIFE4 ,NO REVOLUTION CAN SUCCE$ )\T !IR SOLID>IC CO8OP]ATION1 & ! SOON] WE UND]/& ?IS ! BETT]4 ,! RECON/RUCTION ( SOCIETY 9VOLVES ! REORGANIZATION ( 9DU/RY1 ! PROP] FUNCTION+ ( PRODUCTION1 ! MANAGEM5T ( DI/RIBUTION1 & NUM]\S O!R SOCIAL1 $UCATIONAL1 & CULTURAL EF=TS TO TRANS=M PRES5T-DAY WAGE SLAV]Y & S]VITUDE 9TO A LIFE ( LIB]TY & WELL-BE+4 ,ONLY BY WORK+ H& 9 H& WILL ! PROLET>IAT ( BRA9 & BRAWN H ABLE TO SOLVE ?OSE PROBLEMS4 

,IT IS MO/ REGRETTABLE ?AT !RE EXI/S A SPIRIT ( UNFRI5DL9ESS1 EV5 ( 5MITY1 BETWE5 ! MANUAL & 9TELLECTUAL WORK]S4 ,?AT FEEL+ IS ROOT$ 9 LACK ( UND]/&+1 9 PREJUDICE & N>R[-M9D$NESS ON BO? SIDES4 ,IT IS SAD TO ADMIT ?AT !RE IS A T5D5CY 9 C]TA9 LABOR CIRCLES1 EV5 AMONG SOME ,SOCIALI/S & ,AN>*I/S1 TO ANTAGONIZE ! WORK]S AGA9/ ! MEMB]S ( ! 9TELLECTUAL PROLET>IAT4 ,SU* AN ATTITUDE IS /UPID & CRIM9AL1 BECAUSE IT CAN ONLY WORK EVIL TO ! GR[? & DEVELOPM5T ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,IT WAS ONE ( ! FATAL MI/AKES ( ! ,BOL%EVIK2 DUR+ ! FIR/ PHASES ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ?AT !Y DELIB]ATELY SET !4 WAGE E>N]S AGA9/ ! PR(ESSIONAL CLASSES1 TO SU* AN EXT5T 9DE$ ?AT FRI5DLY CO8OP]ATION BECAME IMPOSSIBLE4 ,A DIRECT RESULT ( ?AT POLICY WAS ! BREAK+ D[N ( 9DU/RY = LACK ( 9TELLIG5T DIRECTION1 AS WELL AS ! ALMO/ TOTAL SUSP5SION ( RAILROAD COMMUNICATION BECAUSE ?AT WAS NO TRA9$ MANAGEM5T4 ,SEE+ ,RUSSIA FAC+ ECONOMIC %IPWRECK1 ,L59 DECID$ ?AT ! FACTORY WORK] & F>M] ALONE C\LD NOT C>RY ON ! 9DU/RIAL & AGRICULTURAL LIFE ( ! C\NTRY1 & ?AT ! AID ( ! PR(ESSIONAL ELEM5TS WAS NECESS>Y4 ,HE 9TRODUC$ A NEW SY/EM TO 9DUCE ! TE*NICAL M5 TO HELP 9 ! WORK ( RECON/RUCTION4 ,BUT ALMO/ TOO LATE CAME ! *ANGE1 = ! YE>S ( MUTUAL HAT+ & H\ND+ HAD CREAT$ SU* A GULF BETWE5 ! MANUAL WORK] & HIS 9TELLECTUAL BRO!R ?AT COMMON UND]/&+ & CO8OP]ATION W]E MADE EXCEPTIONALLY DIFFICULT4 ,IT HAS TAK5 ,RUSSIA YE>S ( H]OIC EF=T TO UNDO1 TO SOME EXT5T1 ! EFFECTS ( ?AT FRATRICIDAL W>4 

,LET US LE>N ?IS VALUABLE LESSON FROM ! ,RUSSIAN EXP]IM5T4 

0,BUT PR(ESSIONAL M5 BELONG TO ! MIDDLE CLASSES10 Y\ OBJECT1 0& !Y >E B\RGEOIS-M9D$40 

,TRUE1 M5 ( ! PR(ESSIONS G5]ALLY HAVE A B\RGEOIS ATTITUDE T[>D ?+S2 BUT >E NOT MO/ WORK+M5 ALSO B\RGEOIS-M9D$8 ,IT M]ELY MEANS ?AT BO? >E /EEP$ 9 AU?ORIT>IAN & CAPITALI/IC PREJUDICES4 ,IT IS JU/ !SE ?AT MU/ BE ]ADICAT$ BY 5LI<T5+ & $UCAT+ ! PEOPLE1 BE !Y MANUAL OR BRA9 WORK]S4 ,?AT IS ! FIR/ /EP 9 PREP>ATION = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

,BUT IT IS NOT TRUE ?AT PR(ESSIONAL M51 AS SU*1 NECESS>ILY BELONG TO ! MIDDLE CLASSES4 

,! REAL 9T]E/S ( ! SO-CALL$ 9TELLECTUALS >E ) ! WORK]S RA!R ?AN ) ! MA/]S4 ,TO BE SURE1 MO/ ( !M DO NOT REALIZE ?AT4 ,BUT NO MORE DOES ! COMP>ATIVELY HI<LY-PAID RAILROAD CONDUCTOR OR LOCOMOTIVE 5G9E] FEEL HIMSELF A MEMB] ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,BY HIS 9COME & ATTITUDE HE ALSO BELONGS TO ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,BUT IT IS NOT 9COME OR FEEL+ ?AT DET]M9ES TO :AT SOCIAL CLASS A P]SON BELONGS4 ,IF ! /REET BEGG> %\LD FANCY HIMSELF A MILLIONAIRE1 W\LD HE !REBY BE ONE8 ,:AT ONE IMAG9ES HIMSELF TO BE DOES NOT ALT] HIS ACTUAL SITUATION4 ,& ! ACTUAL SITUATION IS ?AT :OEV] HAS TO SELL HIS LABOR IS AN EMPLOYEE1 A SAL>I$ DEP5D5T1 A WAGE E>N]1 & AS SU* HIS TRUE 9T]E/S >E ?OSE ( EMPLOYES & HE BELONGS TO ! WORK+ CLASS4 

,AS A MATT] ( FACT1 ! 9TELLECTUAL PROLET>IAN IS EV5 MORE SUBJECT TO HIS CAPITALI/IC MA/] ?AN ! MAN ) PICK & %OVEL4 ,! LATT] CAN EASILY *ANGE HIS PLACE ( EMPLOYM5T4 ,IF HE DOES NOT C>E TO WORK = A C]TA9 BOSS HE CAN LOOK = ANO!R4 ,! 9TELLECTUAL PROLET>IAN1 ON ! O!R H&1 IS MU* MORE DEP5D5T ON HIS P>TICUL> JOB ,HIS SPH]E ( EX]TION IS MORE LIMIT$4 ,NOT SKILL$ 9 ANY TRADE & PHYSICALLY 9CAPABLE ( S]V+ AS A DAY LABOR]1 HE IS 7AS A RULE7 CONF9$ TO ! COMP>ATIVELY N>R[ FIELD ( >*ITECTURE1 5G9E]+1 J\RNALISM1 OR SIMIL> WORK4 ,?IS PUTS HIM MORE AT ! M]CY ( HIS EMPLOY] & !RE=E ALSO 9CL9ES HIM TO SIDE ) ! LATT] AS AGA9/ HIS MORE 9DEP5D5T FELL[-WORK] AT ! B5*4 

,BUT :ATEV] ! ATTITUDE ( ! SAL>I$ & DEP5D5T 9TELLECTUAL1 HE BELONGS TO ! PROLET>IAN CLASS4 ,YET IT IS 5TIRELY FALSE TO MA9TA9 ?AT ! 9TELLECTUALS ALWAYS SIDE ) ! MA/]S AS AGA9/ ! WORK]S4 0,G5]ALLY !Y DO10 ,I HE> SOME RADICAL FANATIC 9T]JECT4 ,& ! WORK]S8 ,DO !Y NOT1 G5]ALLY1 SUPPORT ! MA/]S & ! SY/EM ( CAPITALISM8 ,C\LD ?AT SY/EM CONT9UE BUT = !IR SUPPORT8 ,IT W\LD BE WRONG TO >GUE FROM *AT1 H[EV]1 ?AT ! WORK]S CONSCI\SLY JO9 H&S ) !IR EXPLOIT]S4 ,NO MORE IS IT TRUE ( ! 9TELLECTUALS4 ,IF ! MAJORITY ( ! LATT] /& BY ! RUL+ CLASS IT IS BECAUSE ( SOCIAL IGNORANCE1 BECAUSE !Y DO NOT UND]/& !IR [N BE/ 9T]E/S1 = ALL !IR 09TELLECTUALITY40 ,JU/ SO ! GREAT MASSES ( LABOR1 SIMIL>LY UNAW>E ( !IR TRUE 9T]E/S1 AID ! MA/]S AGA9/ !IR FELL[-WORK]S1 SOMETIMES EV5 9 ! SAME TRADE & FACTORY1 NOT TO SPEAK ( !IR LACK ( NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY4 ,IT M]ELY PROVES ?AT ! ONE AS ! O!R1 ! MANUAL WORK] NO LESS ?AN ! BRA9 PROLET>IAN1 NE$S 5LI<T5M5T4 

,9 JU/ICE TO ! 9TELLECTUALS LET US NOT =GET ?AT !IR BE/ REPRES5TATIVES HAVE ALWAYS SID$ ) ! OPPRESS$4 ,!Y HAVE ADVOCAT$ LIB]TY & EMANCIPATION1 & (T5 !Y W]E ! FIR/ TO VOICE ! DEEPE/ ASPIRATIONS ( ! TOIL+ MASSES4 ,9 ! /RUGGLE = FRE$OM !Y HAVE FREQU5TLY F\<T ON ! B>RICADES %\LD] TO %\LD] ) ! WORK]S & DI$ *AMPION+ !IR CAUSE4 

,WE NE$ NOT LOOK F> = PRO( ( ?IS4 ,IT IS A FAMILI> FACT ?AT EV]Y PROGRESSIVE1 RADICAL1 & REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T )9 ! PA/ HUNDR$ YE>S HAS BE5 9SPIR$1 M5TALLY & SPIRITUALLY1 BY ! EF=TS ( ! F9E/ ELEM5T ( ! 9TELLECTUAL CLASSES4 ,! 9ITIATORS & ORGANIZ]S ( ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T 9 ,RUSSIA1 = 9/ANCE1 DAT+ BACK A C5TURY1 W]E 9TELLECTUALS1 M5 & WOM5 ( NON-PROLET>IAN ORIG9 & /ATION4 ,NOR WAS !IR LOVE ( FRE$OM M]ELY !ORETICAL4 ,LIT]ALLY ?\S&S ( !M CONSECRAT$ !IR KN[L$GE & EXP]I5CE1 & D$ICAT$ !IR LIVES1 TO ! S]VICE ( ! MASSES4 ,NOT A L& EXI/S BUT :]E SU* NOBLE M5 & WOM5 HAVE TE/IFI$ TO !IR SOLID>ITY ) ! DIS9H]IT$ BY EXPOS+ !MSELVES TO ! WRA? & P]SECUTION ( !IR [N CLASS & JO9+ H&S ) ! D[NTRODD54 ,REC5T HI/ORY1 AS WELL AS ! PA/1 IS FULL ( SU* EXAMPLES4 ,:O W]E ! ,G>IBALDIS1 ! ,KOSSU?S1 ! ,LIEBKNE*TS1 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURGS1 ! ,L&AU]S1 ! ,L59S1 & ,TROTSKYS BUT 9TELLECTUALS ( ! MIDDLE CLASSES :O GAVE !MSELVES TO ! PROLET>IAT8 ,! HI/ORY ( EV]Y C\NTRY & ( EV]Y REVOLUTION %9ES ) !IR UNSELFI% DEVOTION TO LIB]TY & LABOR4 

,LET US BE> !SE FACTS 9 M9D & NOT BE BL9D$ BY FANATICAL PREJUDICE & BASELESS ANTAGONISM4 ,! 9TELLECTUAL HAS DONE LABOR GREAT S]VICE 9 ! PA/4 ,IT WILL DEP5D ON ! ATTITUDE ( ! WORK]S T[>D HIM AS TO :AT %>E HE WILL BE ABLE & WILL+ TO CONTRIBUTE TO ! PREP>ATION & REALIZATION ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

7,S\RCE3 ,N[ & ,AFT]3 ,! ,A,B,C ( ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM1 7REPUBLI%$ AS 0,:AT IS ,COMMUNI/ ,AN>*ISM8071 BY ,ALEX&] ,B]KMAN1 ,NEW ,YORK3 ,VANGU>D ,PRESS1 #a#i#b#i47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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