,WAS ,MY ,LIFE ,WOR? ,LIV+8 

#aicd 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN 

,TEXT 3 

,IT IS /RANGE :AT TIME DOES TO POLITICAL CAUSES4 ,A G5]ATION AGO IT SEEM$ TO MANY ,AM]ICAN CONS]VATIVES AS IF ! OP9IONS :I* ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN WAS EXPRESS+ MI<T SWEEP ! WORLD4 ,N[ %E FI<TS ALMO/ ALONE = :AT SEEMS TO BE A LO/ CAUSE2 CONTEMPOR>Y RADICALS >E OV]:ELM+LY OPPOS$ TO H]2 MORE ?AN ?AT1 H] DEVOTION TO LIB]TY & H] DETE/ATION ( GOV]NM5T 9T]F]5CE MI<T BE REG>D$ AS PLAC+ H] ANOMAL\SLY 9 ! SAME P>T ( ! POLITICAL SPECTRUM AS ! G5TLEM5 ( ! ,LIB]TY ,LEAGUE1 ONLY 9 A MORE EXTREME POSITION AT ITS $GE4 ,YET 9 ?IS >TICLE1 :I* MI<T BE REG>D$ AS H] LA/ WILL & TE/AM5T1 %E /ICKS TO H] GUNS4 ,NE$LESS TO SAY1 H] OP9IONS >E NOT \RS4 ,WE (F] !M AS AN EXHIBIT ( VALIANT CONSI/5CY1 ( REALLY RUGG$ 9DIVIDUALISM UNALT]$ BY OPPOSITION OR BY ADVANC+ AGE4 

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,H[ MU* A P]SONAL PHILOSOPHY IS A MATT] ( TEMP]AM5T & H[ MU* IT RESULTS FROM EXP]I5CE IS A MOOT QUE/ION4 ,NATURALLY WE >RIVE AT CONCLUSIONS 9 ! LI<T ( \R EXP]I5CE1 ?R\< ! APPLICATION ( A PROCESS WE CALL REASON+ TO ! FACTS OBS]V$ 9 ! EV5TS ( \R LIVES4 ,! *ILD IS SUSCEPTIBLE TO FANTASY4 ,AT ! SAME TIME HE SEES LIFE MORE TRULY 9 SOME RESPECTS ?AN HIS ELD]S DO AS HE BECOMES CONSCI\S ( HIS SURR\ND+S4 ,HE HAS NOT YET BECOME ABSORB$ BY ! CU/OMS & PREJUDICES :I* MAKE UP ! L>GE/ P>T ( :AT PASSES = ?9K+4 ,EA* *ILD RESPONDS DIFF]5TLY TO HIS 5VIRONM5T4 ,SOME BECOME REBELS1 REFUS+ TO BE DAZZL$ BY SOCIAL SUP]/ITIONS4 ,!Y >E \TRAG$ BY EV]Y 9JU/ICE P]PETRAT$ UPON !M OR UPON O!RS4 ,!Y GR[ EV] MORE S5SITIVE TO ! SUFF]+ R\ND !M & ! RE/RICTION REGI/]+ EV]Y CONV5TION & TABOO IMPOS$ UPON !M4 

,I EVID5TLY BELONG TO ! FIR/ CATEGORY4 ,S9CE MY E>LIE/ RECOLLECTION ( MY Y\? 9 ,RUSSIA ,I HAVE REBELL$ AGA9/ OR?ODOXY 9 EV]Y =M4 ,I C\LD NEV] BE> TO WITNESS H>%NESS :E!R ,I WAS \TRAG$ OV] ! (FICIAL BRUTALITY PRACTIC$ ON ! PEASANTS 9 \R NEI<BORHOOD4 ,I WEPT BITT] TE>S :5 ! Y\NG M5 W]E CONSCRIPT$ 9TO ! >MY & TORN FROM HOMES & HE>?S4 ,I RES5T$ ! TREATM5T ( \R S]VANTS1 :O DID ! H>DE/ WORK & YET HAD TO PUT UP ) WRET*$ SLEEP+ QU>T]S & ! LEAV+S ( \R TABLE4 ,I WAS 9DIGNANT :5 ,I DISCOV]$ ?AT LOVE BETWE5 Y\NG PEOPLE ( ,JEWI% & ,G5TILE ORIG9 WAS CONSID]$ ! CRIME ( CRIMES1 & ! BIR? ( AN ILLEGITIMATE *ILD ! MO/ DEPRAV$ IMMORALITY4 

,ON COM+ TO ,AM]ICA ,I HAD ! SAME HOPES AS HAVE MO/ ,EUROPEAN IMMIGRANTS & ! SAME DISILLUSIONM5T1 ?\< ! LATT] AFFECT$ ME MORE KE5LY & MORE DEEPLY4 ,! IMMIGRANT )\T MONEY & )\T CONNECTIONS IS NOT P]MITT$ TO *]I% ! COM=T+ ILLUSION ?AT ,AM]ICA IS A B5EVOL5T UNCLE :O ASSUMES A T5D] & IMP>TIAL GU>DIAN%IP ( NEPHEWS & NIECES4 ,I SOON LE>N$ ?AT 9 A REPUBLIC !RE >E MYRIAD WAYS BY :I* ! /RONG1 ! CUNN+1 ! RI* CAN SEIZE P[] & HOLD IT4 ,I SAW ! MANY WORK = SMALL WAGES :I* KEPT !M ALWAYS ON ! BORD]L9E ( WANT = ! FEW :O MADE HUGE PR(ITS4 ,I SAW ! C\RTS1 ! HALLS ( LEGISLATION1 ! PRESS1 & ! S*OOLS -- 9 FACT EV]Y AV5UE ( $UCATION & PROTECTION -- EFFECTIVELY US$ AS AN 9/RUM5T = ! SAFEGU>D+ ( A M9ORITY1 :ILE ! MASSES W]E D5I$ EV]Y RI<T4 ,I F\ND ?AT ! POLITICIANS KNEW H[ TO BEFOG EV]Y ISSUE1 H[ TO CONTROL PUBLIC OP9ION & MANIPULATE VOTES TO !IR [N ADVANTAGE & TO ?AT ( !IR F9ANCIAL & 9DU/RIAL ALLIES4 ,?IS WAS ! PICTURE ( DEMOCRACY ,I SOON DISCOV]$ ON MY >RIVAL 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,FUNDAM5TALLY !RE HAVE BE5 FEW *ANGES S9CE ?AT TIME4 

,?IS SITUATION1 :I* WAS A MATT] ( DAILY EXP]I5CE1 WAS BR\<T HOME TO ME ) A =CE ?AT TORE AWAY %AMS & MADE REALITY /& \T VIVIDLY & CLE>LY BY AN EV5T :I* OCCURR$ %ORTLY AFT] MY COM+ TO ,AM]ICA4 ,IT WAS ! SO-CALL$ ,HAYM>KET RIOT1 :I* RESULT$ 9 ! TRIAL & CONVICTION ( EI<T M51 AMONG !M FIVE ,AN>*I/S4 ,!IR CRIME WAS AN ALL-EMBRAC+ LOVE = ! FELL[-M5 & !IR DET]M9ATION TO EMANCIPATE ! OPPRESS$ & DIS9H]IT$ MASSES4 ,9 NO WAY HAD ! ,/ATE ( ,ILL9OIS SUCCE$$ 9 PROV+ !IR CONNECTION ) ! BOMB ?AT HAD BE5 ?R[N AT AN OP5-AIR MEET+ 9 ,HAYM>KET ,SQU>E 9 ,*ICAGO4 ,IT WAS !IR ,AN>*ISM :I* RESULT$ 9 !IR CONVICTION & EXECUTION ON ! #a#a? ( ,NOVEMB]1 #a#h#h#g4 ,?IS JUDICIAL CRIME LEFT AN 9DELIBLE M>K ON MY M9D & HE>T & S5T ME =? TO ACQUA9T MYSELF ) ! IDEAL = :I* !SE M5 HAD DI$ SO H]OICALLY4 ,I D$ICAT$ MYSELF TO !IR CAUSE4 

,IT REQUIRES SOME?+ MORE ?AN P]SONAL EXP]I5CE TO GA9 A PHILOSOPHY OR PO9T ( VIEW FROM ANY SPECIFIC EV5T4 ,IT IS ! QUALITY ( \R RESPONSE TO ! EV5T & \R CAPACITY TO 5T] 9TO ! LIVES ( O!RS ?AT HELP US TO MAKE !IR LIVES & EXP]I5CES \R [N4 ,9 MY [N CASE MY CONVICTIONS HAVE D]IV$ & DEVELOP$ FROM EV5TS 9 ! LIVES ( O!RS AS WELL AS FROM MY [N EXP]I5CE4 ,:AT ,I HAVE SE5 MET$ \T TO O!RS BY AU?ORITY & REPRESSION1 ECONOMIC & POLITICAL1 TRANSC5DS ANY?+ ,I MYSELF MAY HAVE 5DUR$4 

,I HAVE (T5 BE5 ASK$ :Y ,I MA9TA9$ SU* A NON-COMPROMIS+ ANTAGONISM TO GOV]NM5T & 9 :AT WAY ,I HAVE F\ND MYSELF OPPRESS$ BY IT4 ,9 MY OP9ION EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL IS HAMP]$ BY IT4 ,IT EXACTS TAXES FROM PRODUCTION4 ,IT CREATES T>IFFS1 :I* PREV5T FREE EX*ANGE4 ,IT /&S EV] = ! /ATUS QUO & TRADITIONAL CONDUCT & BELIEF4 ,IT COMES 9TO PRIVATE LIVES & 9TO MO/ 9TIMATE P]SONAL RELATIONS1 5ABL+ ! SUP]/ITI\S1 PURITANICAL1 & DI/ORT$ ONES TO IMPOSE !IR IGNORANT PREJUDICE & MORAL S]VITUDES UPON ! S5SITIVE1 ! IMAG9ATIVE1 & ! FREE SPIRITS4 ,GOV]NM5T DOES ?IS BY ITS DIVORCE LAWS1 ITS MORAL C5SOR%IPS1 & BY A ?\S& PETTY P]SECUTIONS ( ?OSE :O >E TOO HONE/ TO WE> ! MORAL MASK ( RESPECTABILITY4 ,9 ADDITION1 GOV]NM5T PROTECTS ! /RONG AT ! EXP5SE ( ! WEAK1 PROVIDES C\RTS & LAWS :I* ! RI* MAY SCORN & ! POOR MU/ OBEY4 ,IT 5ABLES ! PR$ATORY RI* TO MAKE W>S TO PROVIDE =EIGN M>KETS = ! FAVOR$ ONES1 ) PROSP]ITY = ! RUL]S & :OLESALE DEA? = ! RUL$4 ,H[EV]1 IT IS NOT ONLY GOV]NM5T 9 ! S5SE ( ! /ATE :I* IS DE/RUCTIVE ( EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL VALUE & QUALITY4 ,IT IS ! :OLE COMPLEX ( AU?ORITY & 9/ITUTIONAL DOM9ATION :I* /RANGLES LIFE4 ,IT IS ! SUP]/ITION1 MY?1 PRET5SE1 EVASIONS1 & SUBS]VI5CE :I* SUPPORT AU?ORITY & 9/ITUTIONAL DOM9ATION4 ,IT IS ! REV]5CE = !SE 9/ITUTIONS 9/ILL$ 9 ! S*OOL1 ! *UR* & ! HOME 9 ORD] ?AT MAN MAY BELIEVE & OBEY )\T PROTE/4 ,SU* A PROCESS ( DEVITALIZ+ & DI/ORT+ P]SONALITIES ( ! 9DIVIDUAL & ( :OLE COMMUNITIES MAY HAVE BE5 A P>T ( HI/ORICAL EVOLUTION2 BUT IT %\LD BE /R5U\SLY COMBAT$ BY EV]Y HONE/ & 9DEP5D5T M9D 9 AN AGE :I* HAS ANY PRET5SE TO 5LI<T5M5T4 

,IT HAS (T5 BE5 SUGGE/$ TO ME ?AT ! ,CON/ITUTION ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES IS A SUFFICI5T SAFEGU>D = ! FRE$OM ( ITS CITIZ5S4 ,IT IS OBVI\S ?AT EV5 ! FRE$OM IT PRET5DS TO GU>ANTEE IS V]Y LIMIT$4 ,I HAVE NOT BE5 IMPRESS$ ) ! ADEQUACY ( ! SAFEGU>D4 ,! NATIONS ( ! WORLD1 ) C5TURIES ( 9T]NATIONAL LAW BEH9D !M1 HAVE NEV] HESITAT$ TO 5GAGE 9 MASS DE/RUCTION :5 SOLEMNLY PL$G$ TO KEEP ! PEACE2 & ! LEGAL DOCUM5TS 9 ,AM]ICA HAVE NOT PREV5T$ ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES FROM DO+ ! SAME4 ,?OSE 9 AU?ORITY HAVE & ALWAYS WILL ABUSE !IR P[]4 ,& ! 9/ANCES :5 !Y DO NOT DO SO >E AS R>E AS ROSES GR[+ ON ICEB]GS4 ,F> FROM ! ,CON/ITUTION PLAY+ ANY LIB]AT+ P>T 9 ! LIVES ( ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE1 IT HAS ROBB$ !M ( ! CAPACITY TO RELY ON !IR [N RES\RCES OR DO !IR [N ?9K+4 ,AM]ICANS >E SO EASILY HOODW9K$ BY ! SANCTITY ( LAW & AU?ORITY4 ,9 FACT1 ! PATT]N ( LIFE HAS BECOME /&>DIZ$1 R\T9IZ$1 & ME*ANIZ$ LIKE CANN$ FOOD & ,SUNDAY S]MONS4 ,! HUNDR$-P]C5T] EASILY SWALL[S SYNDICAT$ 9=MATION & FACTORY-MADE IDEAS & BELIEFS4 ,HE ?RIVES ON ! WISDOM GIV5 HIM OV] ! RADIO & *EAP MAGAZ9ES BY CORPORATIONS :OSE PHILAN?ROPIC AIM IS SELL+ ,AM]ICA \T4 ,HE ACCEPTS ! /&>DS ( CONDUCT & >T 9 ! SAME BREA? ) ! ADV]TIS+ ( *EW+ GUM1 TOO?PA/E1 & %OE POLI%4 ,EV5 SONGS >E TURN$ \T LIKE BUTTONS OR AUTOMOBILE TIRES -- ALL CA/ FROM ! SAME MOLD4 

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,YET ,I DO NOT DESPAIR ( ,AM]ICAN LIFE4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 ,I FEEL ?AT ! FRE%NESS ( ! ,AM]ICAN APPROA* & ! UNTAPP$ /ORES ( 9TELLECTUAL & EMOTIONAL 5]GY RESID5T 9 ! C\NTRY (F] MU* PROMISE = ! FUTURE4 ,! ,W> HAS LEFT 9 ITS WAKE A CONFUS$ G5]ATION4 ,! MADNESS & BRUTALITY !Y HAD SE51 ! NE$LESS CRUELTY & WA/E :I* HAD ALMO/ WRECK$ ! WORLD MADE !M D\BT ! VALUES !IR ELD]S HAD GIV5 !M4 ,SOME1 KN[+ NO?+ ( ! WORLD'S PA/1 ATTEMPT$ TO CREATE NEW =MS ( LIFE & >T FROM ! AIR4 ,O!RS EXP]IM5T$ ) DECAD5CE & DESPAIR4 ,MANY ( !M1 EV5 9 REVOLT1 W]E PA!TIC4 ,!Y W]E ?RU/ BACK 9TO SUBMISSION & FUTILITY BECAUSE !Y W]E LACK+ 9 AN IDEAL & W]E FUR!R HAMP]$ BY A S5SE ( S9 & ! BURD5 ( DEAD IDEAS 9 :I* !Y C\LD NO LONG] BELIEVE4 

,( LATE !RE HAS BE5 A NEW SPIRIT MANIFE/$ 9 ! Y\? :I* IS GR[+ UP ) ! DEPRESSION4 ,?IS SPIRIT IS MORE PURPOSEFUL ?\< /ILL CONFUS$4 ,IT WANTS TO CREATE A NEW WORLD1 BUT IS NOT CLE> AS TO H[ IT WANTS TO GO AB\T IT4 ,= ?AT REASON ! Y\NG G5]ATION ASKS = SAVIORS4 ,IT T5DS TO BELIEVE 9 DICTATORS & TO HAIL EA* NEW ASPIRANT = ?AT HONOR AS A MESSIAH4 ,IT WANTS CUT & DRI$ SY/EMS ( SALVATION ) A WISE M9ORITY TO DIRECT SOCIETY ON SOME ONE-WAY ROAD TO UTOPIA4 ,IT HAS NOT YET REALIZ$ ?AT IT MU/ SAVE ITSELF4 ,! Y\NG G5]ATION HAS NOT YET LE>N$ ?AT ! PROBLEMS CONFRONT+ !M CAN BE SOLV$ ONLY BY !MSELVES & WILL HAVE TO BE SETTL$ ON ! BASIS ( SOCIAL & ECONOMIC FRE$OM 9 COOP]ATION ) ! /RUGGL+ MASSES = ! RI<T TO ! TABLE & JOY ( LIFE4 

,AS ,I HAVE ALREADY /AT$1 MY OBJECTION TO AU?ORITY 9 :ATEV] =M HAS BE5 D]IV$ FROM A MU* L>G] SOCIAL VIEW1 RA!R ?AN FROM ANY?+ ,I MYSELF MAY HAVE SUFF]$ FROM IT4 ,GOV]NM5T HAS1 ( C\RSE1 9T]F]$ ) MY FULL EXPRESSION1 AS IT HAS ) O!RS4 ,C]TA9LY ! P[]S HAVE NOT SP>$ ME4 ,RAIDS ON MY LECTURES DUR+ MY ?IRTY-FIVE YE>S' ACTIVITY 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES W]E A COMMON OCCURR5CE1 FOLL[$ BY 9NUM]ABLE >RE/S & ?REE CONVICTIONS TO T]MS ( IMPRISONM5T4 ,?IS WAS FOLL[$ BY ! ANNULM5T ( MY CITIZ5%IP & MY DEPORTATION4 ,! H& ( AU?ORITY WAS =EV] 9T]F]+ ) MY LIFE4 ,IF ,I HAVE NONE ! LESS EXPRESS$ MYSELF1 IT WAS 9 SPITE ( EV]Y CURTAILM5T & DIFFICULTY PUT 9 MY PA? & NOT BECAUSE ( !M4 ,9 ?AT ,I WAS BY NO MEANS ALONE4 ,! :OLE WORLD HAS GIV5 H]OIC FIGURES TO HUMANITY1 :O 9 ! FACE ( P]SECUTION & OBLOQUY HAVE LIV$ & F\<T = !IR RI<T & ! RI<T ( MANK9D TO FREE & UN/9T$ EXPRESSION4 ,AM]ICA HAS ! DI/9CTION ( HAV+ CONTRIBUT$ A L>GE QUOTA ( NATIVE-BORN *ILDR5 :O HAVE MO/ ASSUR$LY NOT LAGG$ BEH9D4 ,WALT ,:ITMAN1 ,H5RY ,DAVID ,?OREAU1 ,VOLTAIR9E DE ,CLEYRE1 ONE ( ,AM]ICA'S GREAT ,AN>*I/S1 ,MOSES ,H>MAN1 ! PIONE] ( WOMAN'S EMANCIPATION FROM SEXUAL BONDAGE1 ,HORACE ,TRAUBEL1 SWEET S+] ( LIB]TY1 & QUITE AN >RAY ( O!R BRAVE S\LS HAVE EXPRESS$ !MSELVES 9 KEEP+ ) !IR VISION ( A NEW SOCIAL ORD] BAS$ ON FRE$OM FROM EV]Y =M ( CO]CION4 ,TRUE1 ! PRICE !Y HAD TO PAY WAS HI<4 ,!Y W]E DEPRIV$ ( MO/ ( ! COM=TS SOCIETY (F]S TO ABILITY & TAL5T1 BUT D5IES :5 !Y WILL NOT BE SUBS]VI5T4 ,BUT :ATEV] ! PRICE1 !IR LIVES W]E 5RI*$ BEYOND ! COMMON LOT4 ,I1 TOO1 FEEL 5RI*$ BEYOND MEASURE4 ,BUT ?AT IS DUE TO ! DISCOV]Y ( ,AN>*ISM1 :I* MORE ?AN ANY?+ ELSE HAS /R5G!N$ MY CONVICTION ?AT AU?ORITY /ULTIFIES HUMAN DEVELOPM5T1 :ILE FULL FRE$OM ASSURES IT4 

,I CONSID] ,AN>*ISM ! MO/ BEAUTIFUL & PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY ?AT HAS YET BE5 ?\<T ( 9 ITS APPLICATION TO 9DIVIDUAL EXPRESSION & ! RELATION IT E/ABLI%ES BETWE5 ! 9DIVIDUAL & SOCIETY4 ,MOREOV]1 ,I AM C]TA9 ?AT ,AN>*ISM IS TOO VITAL & TOO CLOSE TO HUMAN NATURE EV] TO DIE4 ,IT IS MY CONVICTION ?AT DICTATOR%IP1 :E!R TO ! RI<T OR TO ! LEFT1 CAN NEV] WORK -- ?AT IT NEV] HAS WORK$1 & ?AT TIME WILL PROVE ?IS AGA91 AS IT HAS BE5 PROV$ BE=E4 ,:5 ! FAILURE ( MOD]N DICTATOR%IP & AU?ORIT>IAN PHILOSOPHIES BECOMES MORE APP>5T & ! REALIZATION ( FAILURE MORE G5]AL1 ,AN>*ISM WILL BE V9DICAT$4 ,CONSID]$ FROM ?IS PO9T1 A RECRUDESC5CE ( ,AN>*I/ IDEAS 9 ! NE> FUTURE IS V]Y PROBABLE4 ,:5 ?IS OCCURS & TAKES EFFECT1 ,I BELIEVE ?AT HUMANITY WILL AT LA/ LEAVE ! MAZE 9 :I* IT IS N[ LO/ & WILL />T ON ! PA? TO SANE LIV+ & REG5]ATION ?R\< FRE$OM4 

,!RE >E MANY :O D5Y ! POSSIBILITY ( SU* REG5]ATION ON ! GR\ND ?AT HUMAN NATURE CANNOT *ANGE4 ,?OSE :O 9SI/ ?AT HUMAN NATURE REMA9S ! SAME AT ALL TIMES HAVE LE>N$ NO?+ & =GOTT5 NO?+4 ,!Y C]TA9LY HAVE NOT ! FA9TE/ IDEA ( ! TREM5D\S /RIDES ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE 9 SOCIOLOGY & PSY*OLOGY1 PROV+ BEYOND A %AD[ ( A D\BT ?AT HUMAN NATURE IS PLA/IC & CAN BE *ANG$4 ,HUMAN NATURE IS BY NO MEANS A FIX$ QUANTITY4 ,RA!R1 IT IS FLUID & RESPONSIVE TO NEW CONDITIONS4 ,IF1 = 9/ANCE1 ! SO-CALL$ 9/9CT ( SELF-PRES]VATION W]E AS FUNDAM5TAL AS IT IS SUPPOS$ TO BE1 W>S W\LD HAVE BE5 ELIM9AT$ LONG AGO1 AS W\LD ALL DANG]\S & HAZ>D\S OCCUPATIONS4 

,RI<T H]E ,I WANT TO PO9T \T ?AT !RE W\LD NOT BE SU* GREAT *ANGES REQUIR$ AS IS COMMONLY SUPPOS$ TO 9SURE ! SUCCESS ( A NEW SOCIAL ORD]1 AS CONCEIV$ BY ,AN>*I/S4 ,I FEEL ?AT \R PRES5T EQUIPM5T W\LD BE ADEQUATE IF ! >TIFICIAL OPPRESSIONS & 9EQUALITIES & ! ORGANIZ$ =CE & VIOL5CE SUPPORT+ !M W]E REMOV$4 

,AGA9 IT IS >GU$ ?AT IF HUMAN NATURE CAN BE *ANG$1 W\LD NOT ! LOVE ( LIB]TY BE TRA9$ \T ( ! HUMAN HE>T8 ,LOVE ( FRE$OM IS A UNIV]SAL TRAIT1 & NO TYRANNY HAS ?US F> SUCCE$$ 9 ]ADICAT+ IT4 ,SOME ( ! MOD]N DICTATORS MI<T TRY IT1 & 9 FACT >E TRY+ IT ) EV]Y MEANS ( CRUELTY AT !IR COMM&4 ,EV5 IF !Y %\LD LA/ LONG 5\< TO C>RY ON SU* A PROJECT -- :I* IS H>DLY CONCEIVABLE -- !RE >E O!R DIFFICULTIES4 ,= ONE ?+1 ! PEOPLE :OM ! DICTATORS >E ATTEMPT+ TO TRA9 W\LD HAVE TO BE CUT (F FROM EV]Y TRADITION 9 !IR HI/ORY ?AT MI<T SUGGE/ TO !M ! B5EFITS ( FRE$OM4 ,!Y W\LD ALSO HAVE TO ISOLATE !M FROM CONTACT ) ANY O!R PEOPLE FROM :OM !Y C\LD GET LIB]T>IAN IDEAS4 ,! V]Y FACT1 H[EV]1 ?AT A P]SON HAS A CONSCI\SNESS ( SELF1 ( BE+ DIFF]5T FROM O!RS1 CREATES A DESIRE TO ACT FREELY4 ,! CRAV+ = LIB]TY & SELF-EXPRESSION IS A V]Y FUNDAM5TAL & DOM9ANT TRAIT4 

,AS IS USUAL :5 PEOPLE >E TRY+ TO GET RID ( UNCOM=TABLE FACTS1 ,I HAVE (T5 5C\NT]$ ! /ATEM5T ?AT ! AV]AGE MAN DOES NOT WANT LIB]TY2 ?AT ! LOVE = IT EXI/S 9 V]Y FEW2 ?AT ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE1 = 9/ANCE1 SIMPLY DO NOT C>E = IT4 ,?AT ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE >E NOT :OLLY LACK+ 9 ! DESIRE = FRE$OM WAS PROV$ BY !IR RESI/ANCE TO ! LATE ,PROHIBITION ,LAW1 :I* WAS SO EFFECTIVE ?AT EV5 ! POLITICIANS F9ALLY RESPOND$ TO POPUL> DEM& & REPEAL$ ! AM5DM5T4 ,IF ! ,AM]ICAN MASSES HAD BE5 AS DET]M9$ 9 DEAL+ ) MORE IMPORTANT ISSUES1 MU* MORE MI<T HAVE BE5 ACCOMPLI%$4 ,IT IS TRUE1 H[EV]1 ?AT ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE >E JU/ BEG9N+ TO BE READY = ADVANC$ IDEAS4 ,?IS IS DUE TO ! HI/ORICAL EVOLUTION ( ! C\NTRY4 ,! RISE ( CAPITALISM & A V]Y P[]FUL /ATE >E1 AFT] ALL1 REC5T 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,MANY /ILL FOOLI%LY BELIEVE !MSELVES BACK 9 ! PIONE] TRADITION :5 SUCCESS WAS EASY1 OPPORTUNITIES MORE PL5TIFUL ?AN N[1 & ! ECONOMIC POSITION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL WAS NOT LIKELY TO BECOME /ATIC & HOPELESS4 

,IT IS TRUE1 NONE ! LESS1 ?AT ! AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN IS /ILL /EEP$ 9 !SE TRADITIONS1 CONV9C$ ?AT PROSP]ITY WILL YET RETURN4 ,BUT BECAUSE A NUMB] ( PEOPLE LACK 9DIVIDUALITY & ! CAPACITY = 9DEP5D5T ?9K+ ,I CANNOT ADMIT ?AT = ?IS REASON SOCIETY MU/ HAVE A SPECIAL NURS]Y TO REG5]ATE !M4 ,I W\LD 9SI/ ?AT LIB]TY1 REAL LIB]TY1 A FRE] & MORE FLEXIBLE SOCIETY1 IS ! ONLY M$IUM = ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! BE/ POT5TIALITIES ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 

,I WILL GRANT ?AT SOME 9DIVIDUALS GR[ TO GREAT /ATURE 9 REVOLT AGA9/ EXI/+ CONDITIONS4 ,I AM ONLY TOO AW>E ( ! FACT ?AT MY [N DEVELOPM5T WAS L>GELY 9 REVOLT4 ,BUT ,I CONSID] IT ABSURD TO >GUE FROM ?IS FACT ?AT SOCIAL EVILS %\LD BE P]PETRAT$ TO MAKE REVOLT AGA9/ !M NECESS>Y4 ,SU* AN >GUM5T W\LD BE A REPETITION ( ! OLD RELIGI\S IDEA ( PURIFICATION4 ,= ONE ?+ IT IS LACK+ 9 IMAG9ATION TO SUPPOSE ?AT ONE :O %[S QUALITIES ABOVE ! ORD9>Y C\LD HAVE DEVELOP$ ONLY 9 ONE WAY4 ,! P]SON :O UND] ?IS SY/EM HAS DEVELOP$ ALONG ! L9ES ( REVOLT MI<T READILY 9 A DIFF]5T SOCIAL SITUATION HAVE DEVELOP$ AS AN >TI/1 SCI5TI/1 OR 9 ANY O!R CREATIVE & 9TELLECTUAL CAPACITY4 

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,N[ ,I DO NOT CLAIM ?AT ! TRIUMPH ( MY IDEAS W\LD ELIM9ATE ALL POSSIBLE PROBLEMS FROM ! LIFE ( MAN = ALL TIME4 ,:AT ,I DO BELIEVE IS ?AT ! REMOVAL ( ! PRES5T >TIFICIAL OB/ACLES TO PROGRESS W\LD CLE> ! GR\ND = NEW CONQUE/S & JOY ( LIFE4 ,NATURE & \R [N COMPLEXES >E APT TO CONT9UE TO PROVIDE US ) 5\< PA9 & /RUGGLE4 ,:Y !N MA9TA9 ! NE$LESS SUFF]+ IMPOS$ BY \R PRES5T SOCIAL /RUCTURE1 ON ! MY?ICAL GR\NDS ?AT \R *>ACT]S >E ?US /R5G!N$1 :5 BROK5 HE>TS & CRU%$ LIVES AB\T US EV]Y DAY GIVE ! LIE TO SU* A NOTION8 

,MO/ ( ! WORRY AB\T ! S(T5+ ( HUMAN *>ACT] UND] FRE$OM COMES FROM PROSP]\S PEOPLE4 ,IT W\LD BE DIFFICULT TO CONV9CE ! />V+ MAN ?AT PL5TY TO EAT W\LD RU9 HIS *>ACT]4 ,AS = 9DIVIDUAL DEVELOPM5T 9 ! SOCIETY TO :I* ,I LOOK =W>D1 ,I FEEL ?AT ) FRE$OM & ABUNDANCE UNGUESS$ SPR+S ( 9DIVIDUAL 9ITIATIVE W\LD BE RELEAS$4 ,HUMAN CURIOSITY & 9T]E/ 9 ! WORLD C\LD BE TRU/$ TO DEVELOP 9DIVIDUALS 9 EV]Y CONCEIVABLE L9E ( EF=T4 

,( C\RSE ?OSE /EEP$ 9 ! PRES5T F9D IT IMPOSSIBLE TO REALIZE ?AT GA9 AS AN 9C5TIVE C\LD BE REPLAC$ BY ANO!R =CE ?AT W\LD MOTIVATE PEOPLE TO GIVE ! BE/ ?AT IS 9 !M4 ,TO BE SURE1 PR(IT & GA9 >E /RONG FACTORS 9 \R PRES5T SY/EM4 ,!Y HAVE TO BE4 ,EV5 ! RI* FEEL A S5SE ( 9SECURITY4 ,?AT IS1 !Y WANT TO PROTECT :AT !Y HAVE & TO /R5G!N !MSELVES4 ,! GA9 & PR(IT MOTIVES1 H[EV]1 >E TI$ UP ) MORE FUNDAM5TAL MOTIVES4 ,:5 A MAN PROVIDES HIMSELF ) CLO!S & %ELT]1 IF HE IS ! MONEYMAK] TYPE1 HE CONT9UES TO WORK TO E/ABLI% HIS /ATUS -- TO GIVE HIMSELF PRE/IGE ( ! SORT ADMIR$ 9 ! EYES ( HIS FELL[-M54 ,UND] DIFF]5T & MORE JU/ CONDITIONS ( LIFE !SE MORE FUNDAM5TAL MOTIVES C\LD BE PUT TO SPECIAL USES1 & ! PR(IT MOTIVE1 :I* IS ONLY !IR MANIFE/ATION1 WILL PASS AWAY4 ,EV5 TO-DAY ! SCI5TI/1 9V5TOR1 POET1 & >TI/ >E NOT PRIM>ILY MOV$ BY ! CONSID]ATION ( GA9 OR PR(IT4 ,! URGE TO CREATE IS ! FIR/ & MO/ IMPELL+ =CE 9 !IR LIVES4 ,IF ?IS URGE IS LACK+ 9 ! MASS ( WORK]S IT IS NOT AT ALL SURPRIS+1 = !IR OCCUPATION IS DEADLY R\T9E4 ,)\T ANY RELATION TO !IR LIVES OR NE$S1 !IR WORK IS DONE 9 ! MO/ APPALL+ SURR\ND+S1 AT ! BEHE/ ( ?OSE :O HAVE ! P[] ( LIFE & DEA? OV] ! MASSES4 ,:Y !N %\LD !Y BE IMPELL$ TO GIVE ( !MSELVES MORE ?AN IS ABSOLUTELY NECESS>Y TO EKE \T !IR MIS]ABLE EXI/5CE8 

,9 >T1 SCI5CE1 LIT]ATURE1 & 9 DEP>TM5TS ( LIFE :I* WE BELIEVE TO BE SOME:AT REMOV$ FROM \R DAILY LIV+ WE >E HOSPITABLE TO RESE>*1 EXP]IM5T1 & 9NOVATION4 ,YET1 SO GREAT IS \R TRADITIONAL REV]5CE = AU?ORITY ?AT AN IRRATIONAL FE> >ISES 9 MO/ PEOPLE :5 EXP]IM5T IS SUGGE/$ TO !M4 ,SURELY !RE IS EV5 GREAT] REASON = EXP]IM5T 9 ! SOCIAL FIELD ?AN 9 ! SCI5TIFIC4 ,IT IS TO BE HOP$1 !RE=E1 ?AT HUMANITY OR SOME PORTION ( IT WILL BE GIV5 ! OPPORTUNITY 9 ! NOT TOO DI/ANT FUTURE TO TRY ITS =TUNE LIV+ & DEVELOP+ UND] AN APPLICATION ( FRE$OM CORRESPOND+ TO ! E>LY /AGES ( AN AN>*I/IC SOCIETY4 ,! BELIEF 9 FRE$OM ASSUMES ?AT HUMAN BE+S CAN COOP]ATE4 ,!Y DO IT EV5 N[ TO A SURPRIS+ EXT5T1 OR ORGANIZ$ SOCIETY W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE4 ,IF ! DEVICES BY :I* M5 CAN H>M ONE ANO!R1 SU* AS PRIVATE PROP]TY1 >E REMOV$ & IF ! WOR%IP ( AU?ORITY CAN BE DISC>D$1 COOP]ATION WILL BE SPONTANE\S & 9EVITABLE1 & ! 9DIVIDUAL WILL F9D IT HIS HI<E/ CALL+ TO CONTRIBUTE TO ! 5RI*M5T ( SOCIAL WELL-BE+4 

,AN>*ISM ALONE /RESSES ! IMPORTANCE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL1 HIS POSSIBILITIES & NE$S 9 A FREE SOCIETY4 ,9/EAD ( TELL+ HIM ?AT HE MU/ FALL D[N & WOR%IP BE=E 9/ITUTIONS1 LIVE & DIE = AB/RACTIONS1 BREAK HIS HE>T & /UNT HIS LIFE = TABOOS1 ,AN>*ISM 9SI/S ?AT ! C5T] ( GRAVITY 9 SOCIETY IS ! 9DIVIDUAL -- ?AT HE MU/ ?9K = HIMSELF1 ACT FREELY1 & LIVE FULLY4 ,! AIM ( ,AN>*ISM IS ?AT EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL 9 ! WORLD %ALL BE ABLE TO DO SO4 ,IF HE IS TO DEVELOP FREELY & FULLY1 HE MU/ BE RELIEV$ FROM ! 9T]F]5CE & OPPRESSION ( O!RS4 ,FRE$OM IS1 !RE=E1 ! CORN]/ONE ( ! ,AN>*I/ PHILOSOPHY4 ,( C\RSE1 ?IS HAS NO?+ 9 COMMON ) A MU* BOA/$ 0RUGG$ 9DIVIDUALISM40 ,SU* PR$ATORY 9DIVIDUALISM IS REALLY FLABBY1 NOT RUGG$4 ,AT ! LEA/ DANG] TO ITS SAFETY IT RUNS TO COV] ( ! /ATE & WAILS = PROTECTION ( >MIES1 NAVIES1 OR :ATEV] DEVICES = /RANGULATION IT HAS AT ITS COMM&4 ,!IR 0RUGG$ 9DIVIDUALISM0 IS SIMPLY ONE ( ! MANY PRET5SES ! RUL+ CLASS MAKES TO UNBRIDL$ BUS9ESS & POLITICAL EXTORTION4 

,REG>DLESS ( ! PRES5T TR5D T[>D ! /RONG->M$ MAN1 ! TOTALIT>IAN /ATES1 OR ! DICTATOR%IP FROM ! LEFT1 MY IDEAS HAVE REMA9$ UN%AK54 ,9 FACT1 !Y HAVE BE5 /R5G!N$ BY MY P]SONAL EXP]I5CE & ! WORLD EV5TS ?R\< ! YE>S4 ,I SEE NO REASON TO *ANGE1 AS ,I DO NOT BELIEVE ?AT ! T5D5CY ( DICTATOR%IP CAN EV] SUCCESSFULLY SOLVE \R SOCIAL PROBLEMS4 ,AS 9 ! PA/1 SO ,I DO N[ 9SI/ ?AT FRE$OM IS ! S\L ( PROGRESS & ESS5TIAL TO EV]Y PHASE ( LIFE4 ,I CONSID] ?IS AS NE> A LAW ( SOCIAL EVOLUTION AS ANY?+ WE CAN PO/ULATE4 ,MY FAI? IS 9 ! 9DIVIDUAL & 9 ! CAPACITY ( FREE 9DIVIDUALS = UNIT$ 5DEAVOR4 

,! FACT ?AT ! ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T = :I* ,I HAVE /RIV5 SO LONG IS TO A C]TA9 EXT5T 9 ABEYANCE & OV]%AD[$ BY PHILOSOPHIES ( AU?ORITY & CO]CION AFFECTS ME ) CONC]N1 BUT NOT ) DESPAIR4 ,IT SEEMS TO ME A PO9T ( SPECIAL SIGNIFICANCE ?AT MANY C\NTRIES DECL9E TO ADMIT ,AN>*I/S4 ,ALL GOV]NM5TS HOLD ! VIEW ?AT :ILE P>TIES ( ! RI<T & LEFT MAY ADVOCATE SOCIAL *ANGES1 /ILL !Y CL+ TO ! IDEA ( GOV]NM5T & AU?ORITY4 ,AN>*ISM ALONE BREAKS ) BO? & PROPAGATES UNCOMPROMIS+ REBELLION4 ,9 ! LONG RUN1 !RE=E1 IT IS ,AN>*ISM :I* IS CONSID]$ DEADLI] TO ! PRES5T REGIME ?AN ALL O!R SOCIAL !ORIES ?AT >E N[ CLAMOR+ = P[]4 

,CONSID]$ FROM ?IS ANGLE1 ,I ?9K MY LIFE & MY WORK HAVE BE5 SUCCESSFUL4 ,:AT IS G5]ALLY REG>D$ AS SUCCESS -- ACQUISITION ( WEAL?1 ! CAPTURE ( P[] OR SOCIAL PRE/IGE -- ,I CONSID] ! MO/ DISMAL FAILURES4 ,I HOLD :5 IT IS SAID ( A MAN ?AT HE HAS >RIV$1 IT MEANS ?AT HE IS F9I%$ -- HIS DEVELOPM5T HAS /OPP$ AT ?AT PO9T4 ,I HAVE ALWAYS /RIV5 TO REMA9 9 A /ATE ( FLUX & CONT9U$ GR[?1 & NOT TO PETRIFY 9 A NI*E ( SELF-SATISFACTION4 ,IF ,I HAD MY LIFE TO LIVE OV] AGA91 LIKE ANYONE ELSE1 ,I %\LD WI% TO ALT] M9OR DETAILS4 ,BUT 9 ANY ( MY MORE IMPORTANT ACTIONS & ATTITUDES ,I W\LD REPEAT MY LIFE AS ,I HAVE LIV$ IT4 ,C]TA9LY ,I %\LD WORK = ,AN>*ISM ) ! SAME DEVOTION & CONFID5CE 9 ITS ULTIMATE TRIUMPH4 

,S\RCE3 ,FIR/ PUBLI%$ 9 ,H>P]'S ,MON?LY ,MAGAZ9E1 ,VOL4 ,C,L,X,X1 ,DECEMB] #a#i#c#d4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aicd 3 ,WAS ,MY ,LIFE ,WOR? ,LIV+8 -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JULY #e1 #bb 3 ,WAS ,MY ,LIFE ,WOR? ,LIV+8 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,WAS ,MY ,LIFE ,WOR? ,LIV+8 -- ,UPDAT$4 

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