,EPILOGUE #b1 ,*APT] #f 

#ahfiahfi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TEXT 3 

,ONLY ! EXPRESSION ( ! WILL ( ! ,DEITY1 NOT DEP5D5T ON TIME1 CAN 
 RELATE TO A :OLE S]IES ( EV5TS OCCURR+ OV] A P]IOD ( YE>S OR 
 C5TURIES1 & ONLY ! ,DEITY1 9DEP5D5T ( EV]Y?+1 CAN BY ,HIS SOLE 
 WILL DET]M9E ! DIRECTION ( HUMANITY'S MOVEM5T2 BUT MAN ACTS 9 TIME 
 & HIMSELF TAKES P>T 9 :AT OCCURS4 

,RE9/AT+ ! FIR/ CONDITION OMITT$1 ?AT ( TIME1 WE SEE ?AT NO 
 COMM& CAN BE EXECUT$ )\T SOME PREC$+ ORD] HAV+ BE5 GIV5 
 R5D]+ ! EXECUTION ( ! LA/ COMM& POSSIBLE4 

,NO COMM& EV] APPE>S SPONTANE\SLY1 OR ITSELF COV]S A :OLE S]IES ( 
 OCCURR5CES2 BUT EA* COMM& FOLL[S FROM ANO!R1 & NEV] REF]S TO A 
 :OLE S]IES ( EV5TS BUT ALWAYS TO ONE MOM5T ONLY ( AN EV5T4 

,:51 = 9/ANCE1 WE SAY ?AT ,NAPOLEON ORD]$ >MIES TO GO TO W>1 WE 
 COMB9E 9 ONE SIMULTANE\S EXPRESSION A :OLE S]IES ( CONSECUTIVE 
 COMM&S DEP5D5T ONE ON ANO!R4 ,NAPOLEON C\LD NOT HAVE COMM&$ AN 
 9VASION ( ,RUSSIA & NEV] DID SO4 ,TODAY HE ORD]$ SU* & SU* PAP]S 
 TO BE WRITT5 TO ,VI5NA1 TO ,B]L91 & TO ,PET]SBURG2 TOMORR[ SU* & 
 SU* DECREES & ORD]S TO ! >MY1 ! FLEET1 ! COMMISS>IAT1 & SO 
 ON & SO ON--MILLIONS ( COMM&S1 :I* =M$ A :OLE S]IES 
 CORRESPOND+ TO A S]IES ( EV5TS :I* BR\<T ! ,FR5* >MIES 9TO 
 ,RUSSIA4 

,IF ?R\<\T HIS REIGN ,NAPOLEON GAVE COMM&S CONC]N+ AN 9VASION ( 
 ,5GL& & EXP5D$ ON NO O!R UND]TAK+ SO MU* TIME & EF=T1 & 
 YET DUR+ HIS :OLE REIGN NEV] ONCE ATTEMPT$ TO EXECUTE ?AT DESIGN BUT 
 UND]TOOK AN EXP$ITION 9TO ,RUSSIA1 ) :I* C\NTRY HE CONSID]$ IT 
 DESIRABLE TO BE 9 ALLIANCE 7A CONVICTION HE REPEAT$LY EXPRESS$7--?IS 
 CAME AB\T BECAUSE HIS COMM&S DID NOT CORRESPOND TO ! C\RSE ( EV5TS 
 9 ! FIR/ CASE1 BUT DID SO CORRESPOND 9 ! LATT]4 

,= AN ORD] TO BE C]TA9LY EXECUT$1 IT IS NECESS>Y ?AT A MAN %\LD 
 ORD] :AT CAN BE EXECUT$4 ,BUT TO KN[ :AT CAN & :AT CANNOT BE 
 EXECUT$ IS IMPOSSIBLE1 NOT ONLY 9 ! CASE ( ,NAPOLEON'S 9VASION ( 
 ,RUSSIA 9 :I* MILLIONS P>TICIPAT$1 BUT EV5 9 ! SIMPLE/ EV5T1 = 
 9 EI!R CASE MILLIONS ( OB/ACLES MAY >ISE TO PREV5T ITS EXECUTION4 
 ,EV]Y ORD] EXECUT$ IS ALWAYS ONE ( AN IMM5SE NUMB] UNEXECUT$4 ,ALL 
 ! IMPOSSIBLE ORD]S 9CONSI/5T ) ! C\RSE ( EV5TS REMA9 
 UNEXECUT$4 ,ONLY ! POSSIBLE ONES GET L9K$ UP ) A CONSECUTIVE S]IES 
 ( COMM&S CORRESPOND+ TO A S]IES ( EV5TS1 & >E EXECUT$4 

,\R FALSE CONCEPTION ?AT AN EV5T IS CAUS$ BY A COMM& :I* PREC$ES 
 IT IS DUE TO ! FACT ?AT :5 ! EV5T HAS TAK5 PLACE & \T ( 
 ?\S&S ( O!RS ?OSE FEW COMM&S :I* W]E CONSI/5T ) ?AT 
 EV5T HAVE BE5 EXECUT$1 WE =GET AB\T ! O!RS ?AT W]E NOT 
 EXECUT$ BECAUSE !Y C\LD NOT BE4 ,AP>T FROM ?AT1 ! *IEF S\RCE ( 
 \R ]ROR 9 ?IS MATT] IS DUE TO ! FACT ?AT 9 ! HI/ORICAL 
 ACC\NTS A :OLE S]IES ( 9NUM]ABLE1 DIV]SE1 & PETTY EV5TS1 SU* 
 = 9/ANCE AS ALL ?OSE :I* L$ ! ,FR5* >MIES TO ,RUSSIA1 IS 
 G5]ALIZ$ 9TO ONE EV5T 9 ACCORD ) ! RESULT PRODUC$ BY ?AT 
 S]IES ( EV5TS1 & CORRESPOND+ ) ?IS G5]ALIZATION ! :OLE 
 S]IES ( COMM&S IS ALSO G5]ALIZ$ 9TO A S+LE EXPRESSION ( WILL4 

,WE SAY ?AT ,NAPOLEON WI%$ TO 9VADE ,RUSSIA & 9VAD$ IT4 ,9 REALITY 9 
 ALL ,NAPOLEON'S ACTIVITY WE NEV] F9D ANY?+ RESEMBL+ AN EXPRESSION ( 
 ?AT WI%1 BUT F9D A S]IES ( ORD]S1 OR EXPRESSIONS ( HIS WILL1 V]Y 
 V>I\SLY & 9DEF9ITELY DIRECT$4 ,AMID A LONG S]IES ( UNEXECUT$ 
 ORD]S ( ,NAPOLEON'S ONE S]IES1 = ! CAMPAIGN ( #a#h#a#b1 WAS C>RI$ \T--NOT 
 BECAUSE ?OSE ORD]S DIFF]$ 9 ANY WAY FROM ! O!R1 UNEXECUT$ ORD]S 
 BUT BECAUSE !Y CO9CID$ ) ! C\RSE ( EV5TS ?AT L$ ! ,FR5* 
 >MY 9TO ,RUSSIA2 JU/ AS 9 /5CIL WORK ?IS OR ?AT FIGURE COMES \T 
 NOT BECAUSE ! COLOR WAS LAID ON FROM ?IS SIDE OR 9 ?AT WAY1 BUT 
 BECAUSE IT WAS LAID ON FROM ALL SIDES OV] ! FIGURE CUT 9 ! /5CIL4 

,SO ?AT EXAM9+ ! RELATION 9 TIME ( ! COMM&S TO ! EV5TS1 WE 
 F9D ?AT A COMM& CAN NEV] BE ! CAUSE ( ! EV5T1 BUT ?AT A 
 C]TA9 DEF9ITE DEP5D5CE EXI/S BETWE5 ! TWO4 

,TO UND]/& 9 :AT ?IS DEP5D5CE CONSI/S IT IS NECESS>Y TO 
 RE9/ATE ANO!R OMITT$ CONDITION ( EV]Y COMM& PROCE$+ NOT FROM 
 ! ,DEITY BUT FROM A MAN1 :I* IS1 ?AT ! MAN :O GIVES ! COMM& 
 HIMSELF TAKES P>T 9 ! EV5T4 

,?IS RELATION ( ! COMM&] TO ?OSE HE COMM&S IS JU/ :AT IS CALL$ 
 P[]4 ,?IS RELATION CONSI/S 9 ! FOLL[+3 

,= COMMON ACTION PEOPLE ALWAYS UNITE 9 C]TA9 COMB9ATIONS1 9 :I* 
 REG>DLESS ( ! DIFF]5CE ( ! AIMS SET = ! COMMON ACTION1 ! 
 RELATION BETWE5 ?OSE TAK+ P>T 9 IT IS ALWAYS ! SAME4 

,M5 UNIT+ 9 !SE COMB9ATIONS ALWAYS ASSUME SU* RELATIONS T[>D ONE 
 ANO!R ?AT ! L>G] NUMB] TAKE A MORE DIRECT %>E1 & ! SMALL] 
 NUMB] A LESS DIRECT %>E1 9 ! COLLECTIVE ACTION = :I* !Y HAVE 
 COMB9$4 

,( ALL ! COMB9ATIONS 9 :I* M5 UNITE = COLLECTIVE ACTION ONE ( 
 ! MO/ /RIK+ & DEF9ITE EXAMPLES IS AN >MY4 

,EV]Y >MY IS COMPOS$ ( L[] GRADES ( ! S]VICE--! RANK & 
 FILE--( :OM !RE >E ALWAYS ! GREATE/ NUMB]2 ( ! NEXT 
 HI<] MILIT>Y RANK--CORPORALS & NONCOMMISSION$ (FIC]S ( :OM 
 !RE >E FEW]1 & ( /ILL-HI<] (FIC]S ( :OM !RE >E /ILL 
 FEW]1 & SO ON TO ! HI<E/ MILIT>Y COMM& :I* IS CONC5TRAT$ 9 
 ONE P]SON4 

,A MILIT>Y ORGANIZATION MAY BE QUITE CORRECTLY COMP>$ TO A CONE1 ( 
 :I* ! BASE ) ! L>GE/ DIAMET] CONSI/S ( ! RANK & FILE2 
 ! NEXT HI<] & SMALL] SECTION ( ! CONE CONSI/S ( ! NEXT 
 HI<] GRADES ( ! >MY1 & SO ON TO ! APEX1 ! PO9T ( :I* WILL 
 REPRES5T ! COMM&] 9 *IEF4 

,! SOLDI]S1 ( :OM !RE >E ! MO/1 =M ! L[] SECTION ( ! 
 CONE & ITS BASE4 ,! SOLDI] HIMSELF DOES ! /ABB+1 HACK+1 
 BURN+1 & PILLAG+1 & ALWAYS RECEIVES ORD]S = !SE ACTIONS FROM 
 M5 ABOVE HIM2 HE HIMSELF NEV] GIVES AN ORD]4 ,! NONCOMMISSION$ 
 (FIC]S 7( :OM !RE >E FEW]7 P]=M ! ACTION ITSELF LESS 
 FREQU5TLY ?AN ! SOLDI]S1 BUT !Y ALREADY GIVE COMM&S4 ,AN (FIC] 
 /ILL LESS (T5 ACTS DIRECTLY HIMSELF1 BUT COMM&S /ILL MORE 
 FREQU5TLY4 ,A G5]AL DOES NO?+ BUT COMM& ! TROOPS1 9DICATES ! 
 OBJECTIVE1 & H>DLY EV] USES A WEAPON HIMSELF4 ,! COMM&] 9 *IEF 
 NEV] TAKES DIRECT P>T 9 ! ACTION ITSELF1 BUT ONLY GIVES G5]AL 
 ORD]S CONC]N+ ! MOVEM5T ( ! MASS ( ! TROOPS4 ,A SIMIL> 
 RELATION ( PEOPLE TO ONE ANO!R IS SE5 9 EV]Y COMB9ATION ( M5 = 
 COMMON ACTIVITY--9 AGRICULTURE1 TRADE1 & EV]Y ADM9I/RATION4 

,& SO )\T P>TICUL>LY ANALYZ+ ALL ! CONTIGU\S SECTIONS ( A 
 CONE & ( ! RANKS ( AN >MY1 OR ! RANKS & POSITIONS 9 ANY 
 ADM9I/RATIVE OR PUBLIC BUS9ESS :ATEV] FROM ! L[E/ TO ! HI<E/1 
 WE SEE A LAW BY :I* M51 TO TAKE ASSOCIAT$ ACTION1 COMB9E 9 SU* 
 RELATIONS ?AT ! MORE DIRECTLY !Y P>TICIPATE 9 P]=M+ ! ACTION 
 ! LESS !Y CAN COMM& & ! MORE NUM]\S !Y >E1 :ILE ! LESS 
 !IR DIRECT P>TICIPATION 9 ! ACTION ITSELF1 ! MORE !Y COMM& & 
 ! FEW] ( !M !RE >E2 RIS+ 9 ?IS WAY FROM ! L[E/ RANKS TO 
 ! MAN AT ! TOP1 :O TAKES ! LEA/ DIRECT %>E 9 ! ACTION & 
 DIRECTS HIS ACTIVITY *IEFLY TO COMM&+4 

,?IS RELATION ( ! M5 :O COMM& TO ?OSE !Y COMM& IS :AT 
 CON/ITUTES ! ESS5CE ( ! CONCEPTION CALL$ P[]4 

,HAV+ RE/OR$ ! CONDITION ( TIME UND] :I* ALL EV5TS OCCUR1 WE 
 F9D ?AT A COMM& IS EXECUT$ ONLY :5 IT IS RELAT$ TO A CORRESPOND+ 
 S]IES ( EV5TS4 ,RE/OR+ ! ESS5TIAL CONDITION ( RELATION BETWE5 
 ?OSE :O COMM& & ?OSE :O EXECUTE1 WE F9D ?AT BY ! V]Y NATURE 
 ( ! CASE ?OSE :O COMM& TAKE ! SMALLE/ P>T 9 ! ACTION ITSELF 
 & ?AT !IR ACTIVITY IS EXCLUSIVELY DIRECT$ TO COMM&+4 

,FROM 3 ,GUT5B]G4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahfh 3 ,EPILOGUE #b1 ,*APT] #f -- ,PUBLICATION4 
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