,W> ,AGA9/ ,W> 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK 

,TEXT 3 

,FROM ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ ,REVIEW1 ,VOL4 #a#c1 ,NO4 #h1 ,FEBRU>Y #a#i#a#c1 PP4 #e#h#i-#e#i#c @& ,NO4 #i1 ,M>* #a#i#a#c1 PP4 #f#f#c-#f#f#e4 

,TRANSLAT$ BY ,WILLIAM ,E4 ,BOHN4 

,D[NLOAD$ ) ?ANKS FROM ,>*IVE4ORG4 

,REPUBLI%$ H]E UND] ,CREATIVE ,COMMONS LIC5SE ,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D #c4 ,U,S4 

,M>K$ UP BY ,E9DE ,O' ,CALLA<AN = ! ,5CYCLOP$IA ( ,TROTSKYISM ,ON-,L9E 7,E,T,O,L74 

,D,U,R,+ ! CLOS+ MON?S ( ! YE> #aiab ! W> AGA9/ W> HAS 
DOM9AT$ ! ?\<T & ACTION ( ,EUROPEAN ,SOCIALISM4 ,GEOGRAPHICAL 
& HI/ORICAL CONDITIONS GIVE TO W> AN EXTREMELY IMPORTANT ROLE 9 
! SOCIAL EVOLUTION ( ,EUROPE4 ,9 ,AM]ICA !RE EXI/S ONE GREAT 
POLITICAL UNIT 9 :I* IMMIGRANTS FROM ALL L&S AMALGAMATE 9TO A 
S+LE MASS2 !RE=E ,AM]ICA (F]S ! BE/ CONDITIONS = A 
GIGANTIC DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITALISM & ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 

,BUT OLD ,EUROPE1 ) ITS HUNDR$S ( MILLIONS CR[D$ 9TO A SMALL 
>EA1 IS DIVID$ 9TO SMALL NATIONS2 ON ACC\NT ( ! TRADITIONS ( 
PA/ C5TURIES1 :5 EV]Y?+ WAS /ILL ON A SMALL SCALE1 !SE 
NATIONS /& TO ONE ANO!R 9 ! RELATION ( =EIGN]S1 DIFF]5T 
9 TRADITIONS1 SPEE*1 CU/OMS1 & POLITICAL LIFE4 ,EA* ( !M HAS 
DEVELOP$ 9TO A CAPITALI/ /ATE1 ) A GOV]NM5T ORGANIZ$ 9 ! 
9T]E/ ( ITS [N B\RGEOISIE4 ,?IS CAPITALI/IC DEVELOPM5T 
NECESSITAT$ /RUGGLES AGA9/ ! SURVIVALS ( FEUDALISM & 
ABSOLUTI/IC MON>*AL P[]1 BUT ALSO /RUGGLES ( EA* NATION 
AGA9/ ! O!RS2 = 9 ! RE/RICT$ >EA AVAILABLE EA* F\ND 
ITSELF OPPOS$ BY ! O!RS4 ,9 ALL ( !SE CONFLICTS !RE 
P]SI/$ AN ELEM5T ( ANCI5T B>B>ISM & TRADITIONAL DYNA/IC 
9T]E/S4 ,?US IT HAS COME AB\T ?AT TO ! EVIL ( DIVISION 9TO 
SMALL POLITICAL UNITS HAS BE5 ADD$ ! GREAT] EVIL ( MILIT>ISM1 
:I*1 ?R\< COMPULSORY MILIT>Y S]VICE & HEAVY TAXES1 SQU&]S 
MU* ( ! PRODUCTIVE P[] ( ! NATIONS & 9CREASES ! 
/R5G? ( ! GOV]NM5TS AS AGA9/ ! PEOPLE4 

,! REC5T DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITALISM HAS 9CREAS$ !SE 
DIFF]5CES4 ,:ILE B\RGEOIS IDEALI/S HAVE BE5 DREAM+ ( ! 
,UNIT$ ,/ATES ( ,EUROPE ! FACTS ( ACTUAL DEVELOPM5T HAVE GONE 9 
! OPPOSITE DIRECTION4 ,! IMP]IALI/ POLICY HAS MADE EA* ( ! 
IMPORTANT ,EUROPEAN NATIONS ! C5T] ( A WORLD EMPIRE4 ,! CAUSE ( 
?IS /ATE ( AFFAIRS IS ! EXPORT ( CAPITAL4 ,! ACCUMULATION ( 
CAPITAL \TGR[S ! POSSIBILITIES ( ! HOME-L&2 IT SEEKS NEW 
FIELDS ( 9VE/M5T1 :]E IT BECOMES ! F\NDATION ( NEW 
9DU/RIES1 :I*1 9 TURN1 BR+ AB\T AN 9CREASE 9 ! DEM& = 
HOME PRODUCTS4 

,?IS PHASE ( EVOLUTION REQUIRES ! POLITICAL DOM9ATION ( ! 
NEW 9DU/RIAL REGION OR1 AT LEA/1 AN ADEQUATE 9FLU5CE OV] ITS 
GOV]NM5T4 ,EV]Y GOV]NM5T ATTEMPTS1 !RE=E1 TO TAKE POSSESSION 
( ! L>GE/ POSSIBLE >EAS ( =EIGN T]RITORY OR TO 9CREASE TO 
! UTMO/ ITS 9FLU5CE OV] =EIGN GOV]NM5TS4 ,TO ?IS 5D P[] 
& RESPECT >E NECESS>Y1 & !SE >E ATTA9ABLE ONLY ?R\< 
MILIT>Y & NAVAL EQUIPM5T4 ,GOV]NM5TS HAVE ?US BECOME ! 
REPRES5TATIVES ( BIG BUS9ESS4 ,!Y F9D !IR SUPPORT1 H[EV] 9 
! :OLE BODY ( ! B\RGEOIS CLASS1 MO/ ( ! MEMB]S ( :I*1 
)\T HAV+ ANY DIRECT 9T]E/ 9 ! RESULTS ( IMP]IALISM1 
FEEL A CONC]N 9 :ATEV] PROMISES HI<] PR(ITS = CAPITALISM AS 
A :OLE4 

,?US ! V>I\S NATIONS ( ,EUROPE /& OPPOS$ TO EA* O!R 
LIKE GIGANTIC CAMPS ( CONT5D+ >MIES4 ,!Y HAVE DIVID$ 
!MSELVES 9TO TWO GR\PS AB\T ! MI<TIE/ ( ! RIVALS1 ,5GL& 
& ,G]MANY4 ,ON ! ONE SIDE /&S ! ,TRIPLE ,ALLIANCE1 MADE UP ( 
,G]MANY1 ,AU/RIA & ,ITALY1 ?REE NATIONS POOR 9 COLONIES4 ,ON ! 
O!R /&S ,TRIPLE ,5T5TE ( ! ?REE NATIONS :I* CONTROL ! 
L>GE/ COLONIAL REGIONS1 ,5GL&1 ,FRANCE1 & ,RUSSIA4 ,AS A RESULT ( 
! PRES5T DIVISION ( COLONIAL POSSESSIONS ! MEMB]S ( ! 
=M] GR\P >E NATURALLY ! 9/IGATORS ( ANY /RUGGLE LOOK+ 
T[>D A R$I/RIBUTION1 & ! MEMB]S ( ! LATT] >E ! 
DEF5D]S ( ! /ATUS QUO4 

,ESPECIALLY 9 ,G]MANY1 :I* HAS DEVELOP$ 9TO A GREAT 9DU/RIAL 
P[] 9 ! SAME CLASS AS ,5GL& & ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 !RE IS A 
TREM5D\S IMPULSE 9 ! DIRECTION ( T]RITORIAL EXPANSION4 ,! 
,G]MAN GOV]NM5T HAS BE5 >M+ ITSELF = FIFTE5 YE>S2 IT HAS 
N[ A MI<TY FLEET :I* COMPELS ,5GL& TO ADD CON/ANTLY MORE 
VESSELS TO ITS NAVY4 ,AU/RIA & ,ITALY >E BEG9N+ TO IMITATE 
,G]MANY4 ,AT ! SAME TIME >MIES >E 9CREAS$ & PLAC$ ON A W> 
FOOT+4 ,?R\<\T ! WORLD ,G]MAN CAPITAL & ,G]MAN POLITICAL 
9FLU5CE ATTEMPT TO GA9 5TRANCE4 ,9 ,*9A ! ,%ANTUNG RAILWAY IS 
BUILT & ,KIA/*\ IS HELD AS A MILIT>Y /ATION2 9 ,ASIA ,M9OR ! 
RAILWAY FROM ,CON/ANT9OPLE TO ,BA<DAD IS BUILT2 9 ,C5TRAL ,AFRICA AN 
ATTEMPT IS MADE TO 5L>GE ,G]MAN COLONIAL POSSESSIONS4 ,EV]Y:]E1 
H[EV]1 ,5GL& /&S GU>D1 JEAL\S & SUSPICI\S ( EV]Y ,G]MAN 
ADVANCE4 ,?IS IS ! EXPLANATION = ! 5MITY :I* ! ,G]MAN 
B\RGEOISIE FEELS T[>D ,5GL&4 

,! CONFLICT BETWE5 ,5GL& & ,G]MANY IS MO/ ACUTE 9 ,ASIATIC 
,TURKEY4 ,5GL& HAS LONG HAD AN EYE ON ,MESOPOTAMIA1 ! ANCI5T 
,BABYLONIA1 ! CRADLE ( HUMAN CIVILIZATION1 ! BIBLICAL ,G>D5 ( 
,$51 :I* N[ LIES B>R5 & WA/E BUT CAN BE TRANS=M$ 9TO A 
FRUITFUL L&4 ,BUT ,G]MAN CAPITAL1 SUPPORT$ BY ! ,TURKI% 
GOV]NM5T1 PU%ES ON T[>D ?IS T]RITORY ALONG ! L9E ( ! 
,BA<DAD RAILWAY4 ,IF ?IS L9E IS F9ALLY COMPLET$ TO ! ,P]SIAN 
,GULF1 ! %ORTE/ R\TE TO ,9DIA WILL LIE 9 ! H&S ( ,G]MANY 
& H] FRI5DS1 & ! ,5GLI% DREAM ( UNIT+ ,9DIA1 ,EGYPT1 
,MESOPOTAMIA1 S\!RN ,P]SIA 9 A GREAT ,5GLI% EMPIRE WILL HAVE GONE 
UP 9 SMOKE4 ,ON ?IS ACC\NT ,5GL& S\<T TO PREV5T ! 
CON/RUCTION ( ! ,BA<DAD L9E & TO UND]M9E ! ,TURKI% GOV]NM5T4 

,! BREAK-D[N ( ,TURKI% P[] WILL 9VOLVE A READJU/M5T ( ALL 
! 9T]E/S 9VOLV$1 9CLUD+ ?OSE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & 
O!R C\NTRIES4 ,H]E9 LIES A CON/ANT DANG] ( W> BETWE5 V>I\S 
,EUROPEAN NATIONS4 

,BUT IT IS TO ! WE/ ( ! ,BOSPORUS ?AT ! DANG] ( A GREAT 
9T]NATIONAL CONFLICT HAS FIR/ BECOME IMM95T4 ,! AGR>IAN 
NATIONS ( ! ,BALKAN REGION1 :I* HAD HI!RTO BE5 REG>D$ BY 
,AU/RIA AS ! NATIONAL SPH]E = H] EXPANSION1 BEGAN TO DEVELOP 
!IR [N CAPITALI/ SY/EMS2 ! FAMILI> CLASS L9ES APPE>$ & A 
/RONG NATIONAL FEEL+ DEVELOP$4 ,H5CE !RE >OSE ! NECESSITY ( 
NATIONALITIES L>GE 5\< TO P]MIT ( COMM]CIAL DEVELOPM5T & 
! DESIRE = ! POSSESSION ( SEAPORTS4 ,?IS1 9 BRIEF1 IS ! 
CAUSE ( ! PRES5T W>1 9 :I* ,TURKEY HAS BE5 NE>LY =C$ \T 
( ,EUROPE4 

,AU/RIA1 DISAPPO9T$ 9 ! PROSPECT ( T]RITORIES TO ! EA/ 
SC5TS NEW DANG]S 9 ! RESULTS ( ! CONFLICT4 ,%E FE>S 
ESPECIALLY ! EFFECT ( A /RONG1 9DEP5D5T ,S]VIAN GOV]NM5T ON 
! ,S]BS AT PRES5T UND] ,AU/RIAN RULE4 ,!RE=E A GREAT W> FEV] 
HAS SWEPT OV] ,AU/RIA & ! ,AU/RIAN GOV]NM5T HAS MADE ! MO/ 
/R5U\S OPPOSITION TO ,S]VIA'S EF=TS TO SECURE A PORT ON ! 
,ADRIATIC4 ,?IS SITUATION CONTA9$ ! ?REAT ( A CONFLICT ( ! 
GREAT P[]S4 ,RUSSIA & ,AU/RIA BEGAN IMM$IATELY TO MOBILIZE !IR 
TROOPS4 ,?IS WAS ! TIME = ! PROLET>IAT ( ,EUROPE TO >ISE & 
ASS]T ITS 9FLU5CE4 

  

,I,I4 

,! 9T]NATIONAL POLICY ( ,SOCIALISM HAS NOT ALWAYS BE5 OPPOS$ 
TO W>4 ,M>X & ,5GELS REPEAT$LY 79 #ahdc & #a#h#e#c7 URG$ ! 
NATIONS ( WE/]N ,EUROPE TO DECL>E W> AGA9/ ,RUSSIA 9 OPPOSITION 
TO ! LIB]AL W+ ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,9 ?IS ,M>X & ,5GELS 
REPRES5T$ ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+-CLASS & ( DEMOCRACY4 
,?R\<\T ! N9ETE5? C5TURY ,RUSSIA WAS ! PROTECTOR ( ! 
REACTION>Y GOV]NM5TS AGA9/ ! REVOLUTION>Y PEOPLES4 ,SO LONG AS 
,RUSSIA MA9TA9$ ITS POSITION IT C\LD RE/ORE ! ABSOLUTISM :I* 
HAD BE5 CONQU]$ BY ! ,G]MAN REVOLUTIONI/S 9 #a#h#d#h2 9 ORD] TO 
SECURE ! RESULTS ( ! REVOLUTION1 ,M>X1 CALL$ UPON ! ,G]MAN 
B\RGEOISIE TO TAKE UP >MS AGA9/ ,RUSSIA4 ,BUT ! B\RGEOISIE DID 
NOT ANSW] ?IS CALL TO >MS2 IT FE>$ ,RUSSIA LESS ?AN ! 
POLITICAL P[] ( ! ,G]MAN PEOPLE4 ,EV5 LAT] ! 9FLU5CE ( 
,RUSSIA REMA9$ AN ELEM5T 9 ! SITUATION ( ! RIS+ 
WORK+-CLASS ( WE/]N ,EUROPE4 ,IT WAS ON ?IS ACC\NT ?AT ,BEBEL 
DECL>$ HIMSELF READY TO %\LD] A MUSKET 9 A W> AGA9/ ,RUSSIA4 

,BUT S9CE ?IS TIME CONDITIONS HAVE *ANG$4 ,! LIB]ATION & 
9CREAS+ POV]TY ( ! ,RUSSIAN PEASANTS1 TOGE!R ) ! 
DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITALI/ 9DU/RY1 L$1 AFT] ! ,RUSSO-,JAPANESE 
W>1 TO A REVOLUTION :I* BROKE ! MILIT>Y P[] ( ,RUSSIA = A 
LONG TIME TO COME4 ,RUSSIA CAN NO LONG] PLAY ! P>T ( GU>DIAN 
OV] ! GOV]NM5TS ( ,EUROPE4 ,IT HAS BECOME1 LIKE ! O!RS1 A 
CAPITALI/ /ATE :I* MU/ RECKON ) CAPITALI/ 9T]E/S & 
PROLET>IAN OPPOSITION4 ,NO FE> ( ,RUSSIA NE$ TURN ! WORK+-CLASS 
FROM A POLICY ( 9T]NATIONAL PEACE4 

,BUT 9 ! MEANTIME ! SOCIETY ( WE/]N ,EUROPE HAS UND]GONE A 
TRANS=MATION4 ,AS CAPITALISM DEVELOP$1 ! NECESSITY ( BE+ 
PREP>$ TO MEET O!R NATIONS 9 BATTLE TOOK HOLD ( ! 
IMAG9ATIONS ( ALL CLASSES4 ,EV5 ! WORK+-CLASS CAME 
9/9CTIVELY TO BELIEVE 9 ! PURPOSES TO BE ATTA9$ ?R\< 
W>F>E4 ,?IS WAS ! CASE 9 ,G]MANY 9 #a#h#g1 & HI/ORY HAS 
REPEAT$ ITSELF 9 ! ,BALKANS DUR+ ! PA/ YE>4 ,SU* W>S AS 
!SE >E CALL$ NATIONAL2 !Y >E SUPPOS$ TO BE WAG$ 9 ! 
9T]E/ ( ! NATIONAL GOOD4 ,! ,SOCIALI/S1 :O SEE DEEP] & 
F>!R ?AN ?IS1 W]E 9 BO? 9/ANCES A NEGLIGIBLE ELEM5T 9 ! 
SITUATION4 ,BUT AT ! PRES5T TIME ,SOCIALISM HAS BEH9D IT 9 WE/]N 
,EUROPE GREAT MASSES ( ! WORK+-CLASS2 9 ,G]MANY A ?IRD ( ! 
5TIRE POPULATION4 ,9 ALL C\NTRIES !SE MASSES >E 9 OPPOSITION TO 
! GOV]NM5T & !Y KN[ ?AT W>S BETWE5 MOD]N GOV]NM5TS >E 
NOT NATIONAL1 BUT IMP]IALI/IC4 ,?IS MEANS ?AT !Y >E CONDUCT$ 
9 ! 9T]E/ ( BIG BUS9ESS1 = ! PURPOSE ( 9CREAS+ 
PR(ITS4 ,?IS CONCEPTION DE/ROYS ANY 5?USIASM :I* ! 
PROLET>IAT MI<T DEVELOP = A =EIGN W>4 

,ON ! O!R H&1 ! WORK]S HAVE EV]Y REASON = /RIV+ TO 
MA9TA9 A /ATE ( PEACE4 ,A W> 9 MOD]N ,EUROPE W\LD BE F> MORE 
DEVA/AT+ ?AN ANY :I* HAS EV] OCCURR$4 ,! >MIES :I* /& 
OPPOS$ C\NT !IR SOLDI]S BY ! MILLION4 ,& ! WEAPONS :I* 
!Y C>RY >E F> MORE MURD]\S ?AN ANY :I* HAVE BE5 EMPLOY$ 
9 ! PA/2 ESPECIALLY ! RIFLES ( MOD]N 9FANTRY >E CALCULAT$ 
TO DE/ROY LIFE ) A RAPIDITY :I* HAS HI!RTO BE5 UNEXAMPL$4 
,W> 9 ! FUTURE WILL BE F> MORE BLOODY ?AN 9 ! PA/2 A F> 
L>G] PROPORTION ( ! =CES WILL BE KILL$ OR W\ND$4 ,= ?OSE 
:O REMA9 AT HOME1 MOREOV]1 W> WILL BE F> MORE T]RIBLE4 ,=M]LY 
! GREAT] P>T ( ! POPULATION LIV$ BY AGRICULTURE1 :I* C\LD 
BE TEMPOR>ILY C>RI$ ON BY WOM51 BOYS & M5 TOO OLD = MILIT>Y 
S]VICE4 ,ONLY )9 ! REGION ( ACTUAL MILIT>Y OP]ATIONS DID ! 
POPULATION KN[ ! REAL H>D%IPS ( W>4 ,BUT ?R\< ! 
DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITALISM \R SOCIAL ORGANISM HAS BECOME MORE 
COMPLICAT$ & S5SITIVE4 ,EV]Y DI/URBANCE :I* UPSETS CR$IT OR 
O!RWISE 9T]F]ES ) PRODUCTION MAY BR+ AB\T A CRISIS4 ,EV]Y 
W> :I* REMOVES GREAT MASSES ( WORK]S FROM ! FIELD ( 
PRODUCTION1 H9D]S TRANSPORTATION OR BLOCKADES ! H>BORS2 MEANS A 
CRISIS1 A T]RIBLE 9DU/RIAL CATA/ROPHE :I* REA*ES ! SMALLE/ 
VILLAGE & BR+S BANKRUPTCY1 UNEMPLOYM5T1 POV]TY1 & />VATION 
9 ITS TRA94 ,A GREAT ,EUROPEAN W> AT ! PRES5T TIME W\LD DE/ROY 
CIVILIZATION1 =CE ! WORLD BACK TO A L[ PLANE ( 9DU/RY & 9 
G5]AL BR+ AB\T A CONDITION APPROA*+ ?AT ( PRIMITIVE B>B>ISM4 

,SU* A POSSIBILITY CONC]NS ESPECIALLY ! WORK+-CLASS1 :I* IS 
EX]T+ ITS 5]GIES TO RAISE CIVILIZATION TO A HI<] PLANE4 ,! 
PROLET>IAT BASES ITS ACTIVITIES ON ! NEW ORD] ( SOCIETY2 IT IS 
BR++ 9TO BE+ /RONG ORGANIZATIONS 9 :I* ! EGOISM ( ! 
B\RGEOIS WORLD IS TO BE REPLAC$ BY ! COMMUNI/IC VIRTUE ( 
SOLID>ITY4 ,IT IS ?R\< ! CULTIVATION ( ?IS VIRTUE ?AT IT IS 
GA9+ ! P[] TO CONQU] CAPITALISM & ?R[ (F ITS DOM9ATION4 

,& ?IS ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS IS 9T]NATIONAL4 
,ACROSS ALL NATIONAL B\ND>IES & ALL DI/9CTIONS ( RACE & 
LANGUAGE ! WORK]S JO9 H&S2 !Y REG>D ONE ANO!R AS BRO!RS1 
AS COMRADES1 & SEE 9 ! B\RGEOIS & ! GOV]NM5T ( !IR [N 
L& ONLY 5EMIES4 ,!RE CAN BE = !M NO?+ MORE DISGU/+ ?AN 
! NOTION ( MASSACR+ !IR BRO!RS AT ! COMM& ( !IR 
5EMIES4 ,!Y DO NOT WI% TO SEE !IR 9T]NATIONAL BRO!RHOOD1 ! 
GR[+ UNITY ( MANK9D1 DE/ROY$ BY ! CAPITALI/IC QU>RELS ( 
!IR GOV]NM5TS4 ,!RE=E !Y MAKE W> AGA9/ W> ) ALL !IR 
MI<T4 ,= !SE REASONS ! 9T]NATIONAL POLICY ( ,SOCIALISM MU/ 
BE A POLICY ( ACTIVE DEVOTION TO ! CAUSE ( PEACE4 0,W> AGA9/ 
W>60 IS ! CRY ( ! PROLET>IANS ( ALL L&S4 

,?IS WAS CLE>LY EXPRESS$ BY ! ,CONGRESS ( ,/UTTG>T 9 #a#i#g4 
,9 ! RESOLUTION !RE ADOPT$1 AFT] EXPLA9+ ! CAPITALI/IC 
NATURE ( W> & ! DET]M9$ OPPOSITION ( ! PROLET>IAT TO 
MILIT>ISM1 ! REPRES5TATIVES ( 9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALISM DECL>$3 

0,9 CASE !RE IS DANG] ( W>1 ! WORK+-CLASSES ( 
! C\NTRIES 9VOLV$ & !IR P>LIAM5T>Y REPRES5TATIVES >E 9 
DUTY B\ND TO OPPOSE ! RESORT TO >MS BY ! EMPLOYM5T ( ! 
MEANS :I* SEEM TO !M MO/ EFFECTIVE1 ! *>ACT] ( :I* MEANS 
WILL NATURALLY BE ADAPT$ TO ! DEGREE ( ACUT5ESS :I* HAS BE5 
DEVELOP$ 9 ! CLASS /RUGGLE & TO ! G5]AL POLITICAL 
SITUATION40 

,S9CE ?IS RESOLUTION WAS ADOPT$ HAVE ! WORK]S MORE ?AN ONCE 
BE5 =C$ TO OPPOSE ! W> POLICIES ( !IR GOV]NM5TS4 ,:51 
F9ALLY1 ! ,BALKAN W> BROKE \T ! ,SOCIALI/S RECOGNIZ$ 
IMM$IATELY ! DANG] TO ,EUROPEAN PEACE4 ,\R J\RNALS RESOLUTELY 
OPPOS$ ! IMP]IALI/ /ATESM5 & PR(ESSIONAL *AUV9I/S4 ,9 
! C\NTRIES IMM$IATELY 9VOLV$ !RE W]E IMM$IATELY HELD GREAT 
ANTI-W> DEMON/RATIONS4 ,9 ,B]L9 !RE OCCURR$ ON ,NOVEMB] #ag A 
MEET+ P>TICIPAT$ 9 BY #c1 P]SONS4 ,9 ,RUSSIA A /RIKE 
DEMON/RATION WAS MADE4 ,! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BUREAU MET 9 ,BRUSSELS & 
CALL$ A SPECIAL CONGRESS ( ! 9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T4 

,?IS CONGRESS MET 9 ,BASEL1 :]E ! F9E OLD M9/]1 ! *IEF 
*UR* BUILD+ ( ! PLACE1 WAS PLAC$ AT ITS DISPOSAL4 ,:AT AN 
EXTRAORD9>Y SPECTACLE1 ! R$ REVOLUTION>Y HO/S ( ,SOCIALISM 
GA!R+ !RE 9 ! OLD *UR* TO ! SWELL+ TONES ( ! GREAT 
ORGAN6 ,?IS W\LD HAVE BE5 IMPOSSIBLE 9 ANY O!R L& ?AN 
,SWITZ]L&1 = EV]Y:]E ELSE ! B\RGEOIS IS COMMITT$ TO ! 
POLICY ( VIOL5CE & DETE/S ! ACTIVITIES ( ! WORK]S2 IT WAS 
POSSIBLE H]E ONLY BECAUSE ! ,SWISS B\RGEOISIE CONSI/S = ! 
MO/ P>T ( BOND-HOLD]S 9 /ATE 5T]PRISES1 :I* C\LD ONLY BE 
9JUR$ BY AN 9T]NATIONAL W>4 ,?IS 9CID5T WAS TANTAM\NT TO AN 
ACKN[L$GM5T BY ! ONLY PEACE-LOV+ SECTION ( ! B\RGEOISIE 
?AT ! ,SOCIALI/ PROLET>IAT IS AT PRES5T ! ONLY GR\P :I* HAS 
! P[] TO PREV5T AN 9T]NATIONAL CONFLICT4 

,! PROLET>IAT /OOD BE=E ALL ! WORLD AS ! /&>D BE>] 
( CIVILIZATION4 ,& = ! WORK+-CLASS ( ! WORLD ! ,CONGRESS 
( ,BASEL WAS ! VISIBLE DEMON/RATION ( !IR 9T]NATIONAL UNITY4 
,PREVI\S 9T]NATIONAL CONGRESSES HAD MADE POSSIBLE ! EX*ANGE ( 
IDEAS & ! ATTA9M5T ( MUTUAL UND]/&+2 !Y LEFT ! 
PRACTICAL /RUGGLES ( ! PROLET>IAT TO BE C>RI$ ON BY ! 
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS )9 ! NATIONAL B\ND>Y L9ES4 ,H]E ! 
9T]NATIONAL POLICY BECAME = ! FIR/ TIME ! MO/ VITAL PROBLEM 
( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,!RE=E ! ,CONGRESS ( ,BASEL WAS MORE 
IMPORTANT ?AN ANY SIMIL> GA!R+ :I* PREC$$ IT4 ,=M]LY 
9T]NATIONALISM WAS BUT A FEEL+ :I* DOM9AT$ ! HE>T2 N[ IT 
BECAME AN IMPORTANT POLITICAL FACT4 

,! WORK ( ! CONGRESS CONSI/$ ( ! RESOLUTION ACCEPT$ 
)\T OPPOSITION & ! SPEE*ES :I* W]E MADE 9 CONNECTION 
) IT4 ,! RESOLUTION REAFFIRMS ! /ATEM5T MADE AT ,/UTTG>T 
?AT ! WORK]S WILL ATTEMPT TO PREV5T W> ) ALL ! EFFECTIVE 
WEAPONS AT !IR DISPOSAL4 ,& ! ADDRESSES DELIV]$ BY ! 
REPRES5TATIVES ( ! V>I\S NATIONS LEFT NO D\BT AS TO ! 
DET]M9ATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 

0,NOT ONLY 9 WORDS10 SAID ,JAURES1 0BUT 9 ! 
DEEPE/ PASSION ( \R NATURES1 WE DECL>E3 ,WE >E PREP>$ TO MAKE 
! UTMO/ SACRIFICE40 

,& ,VICTOR ,ADL]1 SPEAK+ 9 ! NAME ( ! WORK+ CLASS ( 
,AU/RIA1 :I* N[ BE>S ! BRUNT ( ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ W>1 SAID3 

0,ALL ! P[] ( ! PROLET>IAT1 ALL ! MEANS ( 
EA* 9DIVIDUAL WORK]1 MU/ BE CONC5TRAT$ 9 ?IS /RUGGLE40 

0,9 ! USE ( ! MEANS DET]M9$ BY \R CONDITIONS1 
BY \R POLITICAL & 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS10 DECL>$ ,HAASE 9 
! NAME ( ! ,G]MAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY4 0,WE WILL DEVOTE \R UTMO/ 
P[] TO ! SECUR+ ( ?AT :I* WE ALL DESIRE TO HAVE SECUR$1 
! WORLD PEACE & \R COMMON FUTURE40 

,) REG>D TO ! DECL>ATION ( POLICY CONTA9$ 9 ! 
RESOLUTION !RE CAN BE LITTLE DIFF]5CE ( OP9ION4 ,OPPOSE ONE 
ANO!R AS WE MAY AS TO ! WISDOM ( ! SEP>ATE DEM&S :I* >E 
MADE1 9 DEVOTION TO ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE WE >E ALL UNIT$2 
EV]Y:]E PEACE & FRI5D%IP %ALL BE MA9TA9$ BETWE5 PEOPLES2 
ALL OPPRESSION ( NATION BY NATION %ALL BE OPPOS$2 & = EV]Y 
PEOPLE ! FULLE/ MEASURE ( SELF-GOV]NM5T %ALL BE DEM&$4 ,9 
MAK+ !SE DEM&S1 EXPRESSIVE AS !Y >E ( ! DESIRE ( ! 
WORK]S = PEACE ON E>? AS AGA9/ ! OPPRESSION & VIOL5CE 
*>ACT]I/IC ( ! RUL+ CLASS1 ! ,CONGRESS ( ,BASEL SET UP = 
! MASSES ( ! PEOPLE EV]Y:]E A GREAT TOR* :I* %ALL 
ILLUM9E = !M ! PA? TO ! NEW WORLD4 

  

,I,I,I4 ,! ,CONGRESS ( ,BASEL 

,! ,CONGRESS ( ,BASEL WAS A DEMON/RATION ( ! PROLET>IAN 
OPPOSITION TO W>1 BUT SU* A DEMON/RATION CANNOT PREV5T W>4 ,AS 
WAS SAID BY ,VAILLANT1 ! VET]AN ( ! ,COMMUNE1 0,! 
9T]NATIONAL CONGRESS HAS F9I%$ ITS WORK2 BUT ! REAL /RUGGLE 
HAS JU/ BEGUN40 ,:AT WILL BE ! PLAN ( CAMPAIGN ( ?IS BATTLE8 
,:AT WEAPONS WILL BE US$8 ,9 :AT MANN] CAN ! WORK]S ( ! 
WORLD PREV5T A W>8 ,!SE QUE/IONS W]E NOT ANSW]$ AT ,BASEL4 ,AS 
AT ,/UTTG>T1 IT WAS DEF9ITELY DECL>$ ?AT 9 EA* C\NTRY ! 
MEANS EMPLOY$ >E TO BE ADAPT$ TO ! CONDITIONS4 ,9 ORD] TO AVOID 
EV5 ! APPE>ANCE ( A LACK ( UNITY1 DISCUSSION ( ME?ODS WAS 
AVOID$4 ,! ,CONGRESS CONT5T$ ITSELF ) DRAW+ ! ATT5TION ( 
GOV]NM5TS & PEOPLES TO :AT HAS HI!RTO BE5 A*IEV$1 \R 
9T]NATIONAL UNITY & \R UNANIM\S OPPOSITION TO W>2 IT DID NOT 
SUGGE/ ANY DEF9ITE L9E ( ACTION4 ,IT %[$ TO ALL ! WORLD ! 
GOAL T[>D :I* WE >E B\ND1 BUT FAIL$ TO M>K \T ! WAY :I* 
IS TO LEAD TO IT4 ,! F9D+ ( ! WAY HAS BE5 LEFT TO ! WORK]S !MSELVES4 

,=TUNATELY1 \R FUTURE L9E ( M>* IS NOT 5TIRELY UNKN[N4 ,9 
! ACTUAL PRACTICE ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T1 IT HAS ALREADY BE5 
DISCOV]$4 ,BO? !ORETICALLY & PRACTICALLY ! WORK+-CLASS HAS 
CONC]N$ ITSELF ) ! ME?ODS TO BE EMPLOY$ 9 ?IS PHASE ( ITS /RUGGLE4 

,!RE >E ,SOCIALI/S = :OM POLITICAL /RUGGLE & 
P>LIAM5T>Y /RUGGLE >E ID5TICAL4 ,= !M ! 5TIRE POLITICAL 
/RUGGLE ( ! WORK+-CLASS CONSI/S ( POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS & 
SPEE*ES 9 P>LIAM5T>Y ASSEMBLIES4 ,! N>R[NESS ( ?IS VIEW HAS 
BE5 DEMON/RAT$ AGA9 & AGA94 ,:]EV] ! RI<T ( FRAN*ISE IS 
A LIMIT$ ONE1 ! REPRES5TATION ( ! PROLET>IAT NECESS>ILY 
REMA9S 9 ! M9ORITY2 ! TASK ( ! WORK]S IS1 !N1 ! 
CONQUE/ ( A DEMOCRATIC ELECTORAL LAW4 ,?IS IS POSSIBLE ONLY BY 
MEANS ( POLITICAL ACTIVITY ( ! MASSES \TSIDE ( ! HALLS ( 
P>LIAM5T1 :AT WE HAVE TO COME TO CALL MASS ACTION4 ,! SAME IS 
TRUE ( ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ W>4 ,?IS IS A POLITICAL CONFLICT ( ! 
GREATE/ IMPORTANCE1 BUT IT CANNOT BE C>RI$ ON 9SIDE ! 
P>LIAM5T>Y HALLS4 ,!RE ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! WORK]S CAN 
VOICE !IR PROTE/1 BUT !Y >E 9 ! M9ORITY AGA9/ ! 
B\RGEOIS MAJORITY :I* SUPPORTS ! GOV]NM5T4 ,& ! DIPLOMATIC 
NEGOTIATIONS UPON :I* DEP5D ! GREAT ISSUES ( W> & PEACE >E 
NOT C>RI$ ON 9 ! OP5 BE=E ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! PEOPLE2 
!SE MATT]S1 SO VITAL TO ! NATIONS' LIFE1 >E DEBAT$ BEH9D 
CLOS$ DOORS BY A SMALL COT]IE ( M9I/]S4 ,9 ORD] TO PREV5T W> 
! PROLET>IAT MU/ BR+ TO BE> A SUFFICI5T WEI<T ( PUBLIC 
OP9ION TO COMPEL ! GOV]NM5T TO KEEP ! PEACE4 ,?IS CAN BE DONE 
ONLY ?R\< MASS ACTION4 

,! M]E EXI/5CE ( A ,SOCIALI/ PROLET>IAT CON/ITUTES A /RONG 
9FLU5CE = PEACE4 ,9 VIEW ( ! GREAT 9FLU5CE EX]T$ OV] ! 
MASSES ( PEOPLE BY A REVOLUTION>Y P>TY ANY GOV]NM5T CONCEIVES AT 
LA/ A SECRET DREAD ( W>4 ,= AN UNSUCCESSFUL CONFLICT ) A 
=EIGN P[] MAY ALWAYS BR+ 9 ITS TRA9 REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+S 
& ! DANG] ( COMPLETE D[NFALL ( ! EXI/+ GOV]NM5T4 ,?IS 
FE> ( ! PROLET>IAT HAS DONE MU* T[>D MA9TA9+ PEACE 9 
,EUROPE DUR+ ! PA/ =TY YE>S4 ,BUT ?IS GIVES ! WORK]S NO 
EXCUSE = DECEIV+ !MSELVES ) A S5SE ( SECURITY4 ,! =CES 
( 9T]NATIONAL COMPETITION :I* MAKE = W> GR[ CON/ANTLY 
/RONG]4 ,& BECAUSE ! B\RGEOISIE1 AS ! RUL+ CLASS1 IS 
ACCU/OM$ TO COMM& & HAVE ! WORK+-CLASS OBEY1 & BECAUSE IT 
KN[S ?AT IT HAS UND] ITS CONTROL A /RONG GOV]NM5TAL MA*9E1 IT 
FEELS C]TA9 ( ITS ABILITY TO DRIVE ! MASSES ( ! PEOPLE 9TO A 
CONFLICT ) A =EIGN P[] :I* IT PO9TS \T AS ! 5EMY4 ,ON 
?IS ACC\NT ! WORK]S MU/ BE/IR !MSELVES1 MU/ TAKE ! 
9ITIATIVE4 ,NO ONE WILL TAKE ACC\NT ( ! DESIRES ( ?OSE :O 
SIMPLY HOLD !IR PEACE4 ,BUT IF ! MASSES ( ! WORK]S MAKE 
5]GETIC PROTE/ & DECL>E ) ALL POSSIBLE EMPHASIS ?AT !Y 
WILL NOT HAVE W>1 !N ! GOV]NM5T WILL BE =C$ TO PROCE$ ) 
CAUTION4 ,NO GOV]NM5T W\LD D>E AT ! PRES5T TIME TO UND]TAKE A 
W> AGA9/ ! 5]GETICALLY PROCLAIM$ DESIRE ( ! GREAT MASSES 
( ! PEOPLE4 

,?IS ! WORK]S HAVE 9/9CTIVELY FELT AS !Y HAVE BE5 
C>RY+ ON MASS MEET+S & /REET DEMON/RATIONS4 ,!SE ACTIVITIES 
DO MORE1 H[EV]1 ?AN EXPRESS ! WILL ( ! P>TICIPANTS4 ,AS A 
ME?OD ( PROPAG&A & AGITATION !IR EFFECT IS WIDE-SPREAD4 ,!Y 
ATTRACT ! ATT5TION ( ?OSE :O HAVE HI!RTO REMA9$ 9DIFF]5T 
& WAK5 HOPE & CONFID5CE 9 ?OSE :O HAVE REMA9$ ALO( FROM 
! /RUGGLE4 ,!Y DRAW 9CREAS+ NUMB]S 9TO ! /RUGGLE & SO 
HEI<T5 ! C\RAGE & 5?USIASM ( ! 5TIRE PROLET>IAT4 ,& 
! V]Y FACT ?AT ! GOV]NM5T RECOGNIZES ! EFFECT ( !SE 
DEMON/RATIONS IS REASON 5\< = ITS FE> ( !M & ITS T5D5CY 
TO GIVE WAY BE=E !M4 

,BUT IT IS EVID5T ?AT 9 CASE B\RGEOISIE & GOV]NM5T HAD 
DEF9ITELY DECID$ UPON A W>1 SU* DEMON/RATIONS AS !SE W\LD NOT 
SUFFICE TO COMPEL !M TO REL9QUI% !IR PURPOSE4 ,SU* MEANS AS 
!SE C\LD NOT =CE ! WILL ( ! PROLET>IAT UPON ! 
GOV]NM5T2 !Y >E EFFECTIVE ONLY 9 CASE ! =CES MAK+ = W> 
>E NOT GREAT4 ,9 ! PRES5CE ( !M1 GOV]NM5TS WILL NOT DECL>E 
W> TO SATISFY A M]E :IM OR TO GA9 AN UNIMPORTANT ADVANTAGE4 ,!Y 
KN[ H[ MU* IS 9VOLV$ & :5EV] POSSIBLE ATTEMPT TO GET ON 
)\T W>4 ,IF !Y DO DECIDE TO DECL>E W>1 IT IS BECAUSE V]Y 
IMPORTANT CAPITALI/IC 9T]E/S >E TO BE S]V$4 ,BUT ! 
DEVELOPM5T ( BIG BUS9ESS 9 ! DIRECTION ( NEW FIELDS ( 
9VE/M5T IS SO P]SI/5T1 SO P]EMPTORY ?AT !Y SOMETIMES COMPEL 
GOV]NM5TS TO GO TO W> & PLUNGE ! 5TIRE B\RGEOISIE 9TO A W> 
FEV]4 ,:5 ?IS HAPP5S ! 9FLU5CE = PEACE PROCE$+ FROM 
MASS-MEET+S & /REET DEMON/RATIONS REMA9S 9EFFECTIVE4 ,AGA9/ 
! PEACE AGITATION ( ! PROLET>IAT A WAVE ( FANATIC NATIONALISM 
IS SET 9 MOTION4 ,/REET DEMON/RATIONS MAY BE =BIDD54 ,PATRIOTISM 
S]VES AS AN EXCUSE = ! SUPPRESSION ( ANY OPPOSITION1 & ! 
MOBILIZ+ ( TROOPS PLACES ! MO/ ACTIVE ELEM5TS ( ! 
PROLET>IAT UND] MILIT>Y LAW4 ,UND] !SE CIRCUM/ANCES1 :AT IS TO 
BE DONE8 

,IT IS AT ?IS PO9T ?AT ! CONFLICT REALLY BECOMES S]I\S4 ,!N 
! WORK]S MU/ RESORT TO MORE EFFECTIVE MEANS ?AN ! ORD9>Y 
ONES4 ,CONC]N+ ! EXACT =M ( ! /RUGGLE1 H[EV]1 IT IS 
IMPOSSIBLE TO GO BEYOND CONJECTURES4 ,AT ,COP5HAG5 ,KEIR ,H>DIE & 
,VAILLANT PROPOS$ AS ! ULTIMATE WEAPONS TO BE US$ AGA9/ W> A 
/RIKE ( ?OSE EMPLOY$ ON RAILWAYS & 9 >S5ALS & AMMUNITION 
FACTORIES4 ,?IS =M ( TACTICS IS ADAPT$ TO ! ,FR5* & ,5GLI% 
CONDITIONS4 ,9 ,5GL& ! GREAT MASS ( ! WORK+-CLASS IS 
9DIFF]5T TO W>1 = TO ! ,5GLI% W> MEANS A NAVAL CONFLICT OR 
A L& CAMPAIGN C>RI$ ON BY PR(ESSIONAL1 HIR$ TROOPS4 ,ON ! 
O!R H&1 MILIT>Y OP]ATIONS W\LD BE DEP5D5T UPON ! GR\PS ( 
WORK]S EMPLOY$ 9 ! >M+ ( TROOPS & ! C>RY+ ON ( 
TRANSPORTATION4 ,9 ,FRANCE ! SITUATION IS SUB/ANTIALLY ! SAME1 
= SMALL CAPITALI/S & F>M]S MAKE UP ! BULK ( ! POPULATION4 
,ON ?IS ACC\NT ! PROPOSITION ( ,H>DIE & ,VAILLANT IS A P]FECTLY 
NATURAL ONE = !M TO MAKE4 ,BUT ! FALLACY 9VOLV$ 9 IT LIES 9 
! FACT ?AT IT PLACES UPON A COMP>ATIVELY SMALL GR\P ! BURD5 
:I* BELONGS TO AN 5TIRE CLASS4 ,ANY SU* GR\P MI<T BE EASILY 
OV]COME BY ! SUP]IOR =CES ( ! GOV]NM5T2 POPUL> OP9ION 
W\LD APPROVE ( ANY VIOL5T MEANS UTILIZ$ AGA9/ IT4 ,NOT BY MEANS 
( SU* RA!R ME*ANICAL DEVICES CAN A W> BE PREV5T$1 BUT ONLY 
?R\< ACTION ( ! 5TIRE WORK+-CLASS4 ,! /RUGGLE AGA9/ W> 
IS A POLITICAL /RUGGLE ( CLASS AGA9/ CLASS2 IT CAN BE C>RI$ ON 
SUCCESSFULLY ONLY :5 ! 5TIRE PROLET>IAT EX]TS ITS :OLE 
/R5G? AGA9/ ?AT ( ! GOV]NM5T & ! B\RGEOISIE4 

,! /RONGE/ WEAPON ( ! WORK+ CLASS IS ! /RIKE2 ! 
POLITICAL MASS /RIKE IS ! GREAT WEAPON ( ! REVOLUTION1 ! ONE 
MO/ ADAPT$ TO ! CONDITIONS ( ! WORK]S4 ,ITS TREM5D\S P[] 
HAS BE5 REPEAT$LY DEMON/RAT$1 ESPECIALLY 9 ,BELGIUM 9 #ahic & 
9 ,RUSSIA 9 #a#i#e4 ,CONC]N+ ! QUE/ION AS TO :E!R IT CAN BE 
EMPLOY$ AGA9/ W>1 & H[ IT CAN BE/ BE US$1 !RE IS GREAT 
DIFF]5CE ( OP9ION4 ,9 ! C\NTRIES ( ,WE/]N ,EUROPE :]E GREAT 
MEET+S & /REET DEMON/RATIONS >E COMMONPLACES1 ,SOCIALI/S HAVE 
DISCOV]$ ?AT A PROTE/ /RIKE = A LIMIT$ TIME IS ! LEA/ 
EXHIBITION ( P[] ?AT WILL MAKE AN IMPRESSION4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 
! LEAD]S ( ,G]MAN ,SOCIALISM HAVE LITTLE PATI5CE ) ! 
PROPOSAL TO USE ! MASS-/RIKE AS A MEANS ( PREV5T+ W>4 ,9 P>T 
!IR OPPOSITION IS DUE TO ! FE> ( PRECIPITAT+ UNNECESS>Y 
CONFLICTS :I* MI<T LEAD ! GOV]NM5T TO SU* RU?LESS 
SUPPRESSION ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T AS W\LD SET IT BACK & PO/PONE 
= MANY YE>S ! VICTORY :I* IT CONFID5TLY EXPECTS4 ,BUT ANO!R 
IMPORTANT ELEM5T 9 ! SITUATION IS ! FACT ?AT ! ,G]MAN LABOR 
MOVEM5T LEADS ! WORLD 9 ORGANIZATION & P[] ( NUMB]S4 
,:]EAS A WEAK MOVEM5T FEELS OBLIG$ TO USE IMM$IATELY ITS 
/RONGE/ WEAPON1 A /RONG MOVEM5T MAY A*IEVE ! SAME RESULT BY 
! SIMPLE PRESSURE ( ITS MASS4 ,9 ADDITION1 IT MU/ BE REMEMB]$ 
?AT /REET DEMON/RATIONS1 ! RI<T TO MAKE :I* HAS ONLY REC5TLY 
BE5 WRUNG FROM ! POLICE P[]1 HAVE 9 ,G]MANY A MU* GREAT] 
9FLU5CE ?AN 9 O!R C\NTRIES4 

,?IS DOES NOT MEAN ?AT A POLITICAL /RIKE AGA9/ W> IS 
IMPOSSIBLE 9 ,G]MANY4 ,IT IS NOT ! DESIRE ( ! LEAD]S :I* 
GIVES ! ULTIMATE DECISION1 BUT RA!R ! =CE ( CIRCUM/ANCES1 
! MASSES MAY BE COMPELL$ TO ACT 9 A MANN] QUITE UN=ESE51 & 
9 ?AT CASE ! LEAD]S WILL BE C>RI$ ALONG DESPITE !IR 
PR$ILECTIONS & PREJUDICES4 ,9 CASE ! DANG] ( W> BECOMES 
REALLY IMM95T1 ?IS WILL UNQUE/IONABLY TAKE PLACE4 ,SU* A 
SOCIALI/ICALLY TRA9$ WORK+-CLASS AS ?AT ( ,G]MANY WILL NOT 
ALL[ ITSELF TO BE DRAGG$ 9TO A W> AT ! COMM& ( ! RUL+ 
CLASS4 ,! GREAT] ! DANG]1 ! MORE ! WORK+-CLASS WILL BE 
R\S$1 ! MORE 5]GETICALLY WILL IT DEF5D ITSELF ) ANY & ALL WEAPONS4 

,HI!RTO ?IS HAS NEV] BE5 NECESS>Y2 9 EV]Y CASE ! DANG] 
( W> HAS PASS$ AWAY AFT] A P]IOD ( GREAT] OR LESS EXCITEM5T4 
,G]MANY HAS BE5 ! GREATE/ TR\BLE-MAK] 9 ,EUROPE1 YET ! FACT 
?AT ! WORK]S HAVE NOT BE5 PREV5T$ FROM MAK+ !IR 
DEMON/RATIONS %[S ?AT ! GOV]NM5T HAS NOT S]I\SLY & 
DEF9ITELY PLANN$ = W>4 ,BUT ! DANG] CON/ANTLY RECURS1 & 
CON/ANTLY 9 MORE ?REAT5+ =M4 ,SO1 :AT IS N[ BUT !ORY MU/ 
EV5TUALLY BECOME PRACTICE4 ,!N ! CONFLICT CONC]N+ W> WILL 
BECOME ONE ( ! MO/ IMPORTANT FEATURES ( ! CLASS-/RUGGLE 
BETWE5 B\RGEOISIE & PROLET>IAT4 ,9 ?IS CONFLICT = PEACE ! 
WORK]S WILL BE COMPELL$ TO USE !IR %>PE/ WEAPONS & TO 
P]FECT !IR FI<T+ P[] = EMPLOYM5T AGA9/ ! :OLE 
/R5G? ( ! RUL+ CLASS4 ,?US ! DEVELOPM5T ( IMP]IALISM IS 
CALL+ 9TO BE+ ! REVOLUTION>Y =CE :I* WILL PUT AN 5D TO CAPITALISM4 

,A NEW EPO* 9 WORLD HI/ORY IS BEG9N+4 ,HI!RTO W>S HAVE BE5 
A NECESS>Y ELEM5T 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! RACE2 UND] CAPITALISM 
!Y HAVE BE5 9EVITABLE4 ,! RUL+ CLASSES SIMPLY HAD ! MASSES 
AT !IR DISPOSAL & )\T OPPOSITION W]E ABLE TO LEAD !M 9TO 
W> 9 ! 9T]E/S ( CAPITAL4 ,N[1 = ! FIR/ TIME1 A NEW P[] 
HAS APPE>$ AS A =CE 9 WORLD HI/ORY1 ! P[] ( ! 
SELF-CONSCI\S WORK]S4 ,?US F> ! WORK+-CLASS HAS NOT BE5 
/RONG 5\< TO OV]COME ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,BUT AGA9/ ! MILIT>ISM 
( ! COMPET+ CAPITALI/IC GOV]NM5TS !Y N[ H]OICALLY DECL>E 
!IR DET]M9ATION TO HAVE PEACE4 ,& ?IS W> AGA9/ W> MEANS ! 
BEG9N+ ( ! PROCESS ( REVOLUTION :I* IS TO LEAD FROM 
CAPITALISM TO ,SOCIALISM4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,W> ,AGA9/ ,W> -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,W> ,AGA9/ ,W> -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/