,VICES ,>E ,NOT ,CRIMES 
,A ,V9DICATION ,( ,MORAL ,LIB]TY 

#ahge 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LYS&] ,SPOON] 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,REGLISS\1,C,C ,B,Y-,S,A ,LIC5SE ,I4 

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,VISES >E ?OSE ACTS BY :I* A MAN H>MS HIMSELF OR HIS PROP]TY4 

,CRIMES >E ?OSE ACTS BY :I* ONE MAN H>MS ! P]SON OR PROP]TY ( ANO!R4 

,VISES >E SIMPLY ! ]RORS :I* A MAN MAKES 9 HIS SE>* AFT] HIS [N HAPP9ESS4 ,UNLIKE CRIMES1 !Y IMPLY NO MALICE T[>D O!RS1 & NO 9T]F]5CE ) !IR P]SONS OR PROP]TY4 

,9 VICES1 ! V]Y ESS5CE ( CRIME -- ?AT IS1 ! DESIGN TO 9JURE ! P]SON OR PROP]TY ( ANO!R -- IS WANT+4 

,IT IS A MAXIM ( ! LAW ?AT !RE CAN BE NO CRIME )\T A CRIM9AL 9T5T2 ?AT IS1 )\T ! 9T5T TO 9VADE ! P]SON OR PROP]TY ( ANO!R4 ,BUT NO ONE EV] PRACTICES A VICE ) ANY SU* CRIM9AL 9T5T4 ,HE PRACTICES HIS VICE = HIS [N HAPP9ESS SOLELY1 & NOT FROM ANY MALICE T[>D O!RS4 

,UNLESS ?IS CLE> DI/9CTION BETWE5 VICES & CRIMES BE MADE & RECOGNIZ$ BY ! LAWS1 !RE CAN BE ON E>? NO SU* ?+ AS 9DIVIDUAL RI<T1 LIB]TY1 OR PROP]TY2 NO SU* ?+S AS ! RI<T ( ONE MAN TO ! CONTROL ( HIS [N P]SON & PROP]TY1 & ! CORRESPOND+ & COEQUAL RI<TS ( ANO!R MAN TO ! CONTROL ( HIS [N P]SON & PROP]TY4 

,= A GOV]NM5T TO DECL>E A VICE TO BE A CRIME1 & TO PUNI% IT AS SU*1 IS AN ATTEMPT TO FALSIFY ! V]Y NATURE ( ?+S4 ,IT IS AS ABSURD AS IT W\LD BE TO DECL>E TRU? TO BE FALSEHOOD1 OR FALSEHOOD TRU?4 

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,EV]Y VOLUNT>Y ACT ( A MAN'S LIFE IS EI!R VIRTU\S OR VICI\S4 ,?AT IS TO SAY1 IT IS EI!R 9 ACCORDANCE1 OR 9 CONFLICT1 ) ?OSE NATURAL LAWS ( MATT] & M9D1 ON :I* HIS PHYSICAL1 M5TAL1 & EMOTIONAL HEAL? & WELL-BE+ DEP5D4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 EV]Y ACT ( HIS LIFE T5DS1 ON ! :OLE1 EI!R TO HIS HAPP9ESS1 OR TO HIS UNHAPP9ESS4 ,NO S+LE ACT 9 HIS :OLE EXI/5CE IS 9DIFF]5T4 

,FUR!RMORE1 EA* HUMAN BE+ DIFF]S 9 HIS PHYSICAL1 M5TAL1 & EMOTIONAL CON/ITUTION1 & ALSO 9 ! CIRCUM/ANCES BY :I* HE IS SURR\ND$1 FROM EV]Y O!R HUMAN BE+4 ,MANY ACTS1 !RE=E1 ?AT >E VIRTU\S1 & T5D TO HAPP9ESS1 9 ! CASE ( ONE P]SON1 >E VICI\S1 & T5D TO UNHAPP9ESS1 9 ! CASE ( ANO!R P]SON4 

,MANY ACTS1 ALSO1 ?AT >E VIRTU\S1 & T5D TO HAPP9ESS1 9 ! CASE ( ONE MAN1 AT ONE TIME1 & UND] ONE SET ( CIRCUM/ANCES1 >E VICI\S1 & T5D TO UNHAPP9ESS1 9 ! CASE ( ! SAME MAN1 AT ANO!R TIME1 & UND] O!R CIRCUM/ANCES4 

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,TO KN[ :AT ACTIONS >E VIRTU\S1 & :AT VICI\S -- 9 O!R WORDS1 TO KN[ :AT ACTIONS T5D1 ON ! :OLE1 TO HAPP9ESS1 & :AT TO UNHAPP9ESS -- 9 ! CASE ( EA* & EV]Y MAN1 9 EA* & ALL ! CONDITIONS 9 :I* !Y MAY SEV]ALLY BE PLAC$1 IS ! PR(\NDE/ & MO/ COMPLEX /UDY TO :I* ! GREATE/ HUMAN M9D EV] HAS BE51 OR EV] CAN BE1 DIRECT$4 ,IT IS1 NEV]!LESS1 ! CON/ANT /UDY TO :I* EA* & EV]Y MAN -- ! HUMBLE/ 9 9TELLECT AS WELL AS ! GREATE/ -- IS NECESS>ILY DRIV5 BY ! DESIRES & NECESSITIES ( HIS [N EXI/5CE4 ,IT IS ALSO ! /UDY 9 :I* EA* & EV]Y P]SON1 FROM HIS CRADLE TO HIS GRAVE1 MU/ NECESS>ILY =M HIS [N CONCLUSIONS2 BECAUSE NO ONE ELSE KN[S OR FEELS1 OR CAN KN[ OR FEEL1 AS HE KN[S & FEELS1 ! DESIRES & NECESSITIES1 ! HOPES1 & FE>S1 & IMPULSES ( HIS [N NATURE1 OR ! PRESSURE ( HIS [N CIRCUM/ANCES4 

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,IT IS NOT (T5 POSSIBLE TO SAY ( ?OSE ACTS ?AT >E CALL$ VICES1 ?AT !Y REALLY >E VICES1 EXCEPT 9 DEGREE4 ,?AT IS1 IT IS DIFFICULT TO SAY ( ANY ACTIONS1 OR C\RSES ( ACTION1 ?AT >E CALL$ VICES1 ?AT !Y REALLY W\LD HAVE BE5 VICES1 IF !Y HAD /OPP$ %ORT ( A C]TA9 PO9T4 ,! QUE/ION ( VIRTUE OR VICE1 !RE=E1 9 ALL SU* CASES1 IS A QUE/ION ( QUANTITY & DEGREE1 & NOT ( ! 9TR9SIC *>ACT] ( ANY S+LE ACT1 BY ITSELF4 ,?IS FACT ADDS TO ! DIFFICULTY1 NOT TO SAY ! IMPOSSIBILITY1 ( ANY ONE'S -- EXCEPT EA* 9DIVIDUAL = HIMSELF -- DRAW+ ANY ACCURATE L9E1 OR ANY?+ LIKE ANY ACCURATE L9E1 BETWE5 VIRTUE & VICE2 ?AT IS1 ( TELL+ :]E VIRTUE 5DS1 & VICE BEG9S4 ,& ?IS IS ANO!R REASON :Y ?IS :OLE QUE/ION ( VIRTUE & VICE %\LD BE LEFT = EA* P]SON TO SETTLE = HIMSELF4 

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,VISES >E USUALLY PLEASURABLE1 AT LEA/ = ! TIME BE+1 & (T5 DO NOT DISCLOSE !MSELVES AS VICES1 BY !IR EFFECTS1 UNTIL AFT] !Y HAVE BE5 PRACTIC$ = MANY YE>S2 P]HAPS = A LIFETIME4 ,TO MANY1 P]HAPS MO/1 ( ?OSE :O PRACTICE !M1 !Y DO NOT DISCLOSE !MSELVES AS VICES AT ALL DUR+ LIFE4 ,VIRTUES1 ON ! O!R B&1 (T5 APPE> SO H>% & RUGG$1 !Y REQUIRE ! SACRIFICE ( SO MU* PRES5T HAPP9ESS1 AT LEA/1 & ! RESULTS1 :I* ALONE PROVE !M TO BE VIRTUES1 >E (T5 SO DI/ANT & OBSCURE1 9 FACT1 SO ABSOLUTELY 9VISIBLE TO ! M9DS ( MANY1 ESPECIALLY ( ! Y\NG1 ?AT1 FROM ! V]Y NATURE ( ?+S1 !RE CAN BE NO UNIV]SAL1 OR EV5 G5]AL1 KN[L$GE ?AT !Y >E VIRTUES4 ,9 TRU?1 ! /UDIES ( PR(\ND PHILOSOPH]S HAVE BE5 EXP5D$ -- IF NOT :OLLY 9 VA91 C]TA9LY ) V]Y SMALL RESULTS -- 9 EF=TS TO DRAW ! L9ES BETWE5 ! VIRTUES & ! VICES4 

,IF1 !N1 IT BECAME SO DIFFICULT1 SO NE>LY IMPOSSIBLE1 9 MO/ CASES1 TO DET]M9E :AT IS1 & :AT IS NOT1 VICE2 & ESPECIALLY IF IT BE SO DIFFICULT1 9 NE>LY ALL CASES1 TO DET]M9E :]E VIRTUE 5DS1 & VICE BEG9S2 & IF !SE QUE/IONS1 :I* NO ONE CAN REALLY & TRULY DET]M9E = ANYBODY BUT HIMSELF1 >E NOT TO BE LEFT FREE & OP5 = EXP]IM5T BY ALL1 EA* P]SON IS DEPRIV$ ( ! HI<E/ ( ALL HIS RI<TS AS A HUMAN BE+1 TO WIT3 HIS RI<T TO 9QUIRE1 9VE/IGATE1 REASON1 TRY EXP]IM5TS1 JUDGE1 & ASC]TA9 = HIMSELF1 :AT IS1 TO HIM1 VIRTUE1 & :AT IS1 TO HIM1 VICE2 9 O!R WORDS3 :AT1 ON ! :OLE1 CONDUCES TO HIS HAPP9ESS1 & :AT1 ON ! :OLE1 T5DS TO HIS UNHAPP9ESS4 ,IF ?IS GREAT RI<T IS NOT TO BE LEFT FREE & OP5 TO ALL1 !N EA* MAN'S :OLE RI<T1 AS A REASON+ HUMAN BE+1 TO0 LIB]TY & ! PURSUIT ( HAPP9ESS10 IS D5I$ HIM4 

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,WE ALL COME 9TO ! WORLD 9 IGNORANCE ( \RSELVES1 & ( EV]Y?+ >\ND US4 ,BY A FUNDAM5TAL LAW ( \R NATURES WE >E ALL CON/ANTLY IMPELL$ BY ! DESIRE ( HAPP9ESS1 & ! FE> ( PA94 ,BUT WE HAVE EV]Y?+ TO LE>N1 AS TO :AT WILL GIVE US HAPP9ESS1 & SAVE US FROM PA94 ,NO TWO ( US >E :OLLY ALIKE1 EI!R PHYSICALLY1 M5TALLY1 OR EMOTIONALLY2 OR1 CONSEQU5TLY1 9 \R PHYSICAL1 M5TAL1 OR EMOTIONAL REQUIREM5TS = ! ACQUISITION ( HAPP9ESS1 & ! AVOIDANCE ( UNHAPP9ESS4 ,NO ONE ( US1 !RE=E1 CAN LE>N ?IS 9DISP5SABLE LESSON ( HAPP9ESS & UNHAPP9ESS1 ( VIRTUE & VICE1 = ANO!R4 ,EA* MU/ LE>N IT = HIMSELF4 ,TO LE>N IT1 HE MU/ BE AT LIB]TY TO TRY ALL EXP]IM5TS ?AT COMM5D !MSELVES TO HIS JUDGM5T4 ,SOME ( HIS EXP]IM5TS SUCCE$1 &1 BECAUSE !Y SUCCE$1 >E CALL$ VIRTUES2 O!RS FAIL1 &1 BECAUSE !Y FAIL1 >E CALL$ VICES4 ,HE GA!RS WISDOM AS MU* FROM HIS FAILURES AS FROM HIS SUCCESSES2 FROM HIS SO-CALL$ VICES1 AS FROM HIS SO-CALL$ VIRTUES4 ,BO? >E NECESS>Y TO HIS ACQUISITION ( ?AT KN[L$GE -- ( HIS [N NATURE1 & ( ! WORLD >\ND HIM1 & ( !IR ADAPTATIONS OR NON-ADAPTATIONS TO EA* O!R -- :I* %ALL %[ HIM H[ HAPP9ESS IS ACQUIR$1 & PA9 AVOID$4 ,&1 UNLESS HE CAN BE P]MITT$ TO TRY !SE EXP]IM5TS TO HIS [N SATISFACTION1 HE IS RE/RA9$ FROM ! ACQUISITION ( KN[L$GE1 &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 FROM PURSU+ ! GREAT PURPOSE & DUTY ( HIS LIFE4 

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,A MAN IS UND] NO OBLIGATION TO TAKE ANYBODY'S WORD1 OR YIELD TO ANYBODY AU?ORITY1 ON A MATT] SO VITAL TO HIMSELF1 & 9 REG>D TO :I* NO ONE ELSE HAS1 OR CAN HAVE1 ANY SU* 9T]E/ AS HE4 ,HE CANNOT1 IF HE W\LD1 SAFELY RELY UPON ! OP9IONS ( O!R M51 BECAUSE BE F9DS ?AT ! OP9IONS ( O!R M5 DO NOT AGREE4 ,C]TA9 ACTIONS1 OR C\RSES ( ACTION1 HAVE BE5 PRACTIC$ BY MANY MILLIONS ( M51 ?R\< SUCCESSIVE G5]ATIONS1 & HAVE BE5 HELD BY !M TO BE1 ON ! :OLE1 CONDUCIVE TO HAPP9ESS1 & !RE=E VIRTU\S4 ,O!R M51 9 O!R AGES OR C\NTRIES1 OR UND] O!R CONDITION1 HAVE HELD1 AS ! RESULT ( !IR EXP]I5CE & OBS]VATION1 ?AT !SE ACTIONS T5D$1 ON ! :OLE1 TO UNHAPP9ESS1 & W]E !RE=E VICI\S4 ,! QUE/ION ( VIRTUE OR VICE1 AS ALREADY REM>K$ 9 A PREVI\S SECTION1 HAS ALSO BE51 9 MO/ M9DS1 A QUE/ION ( DEGREE2 ?AT IS1 ( ! EXT5T TO :I* C]TA9 ACTIONS %\LD BE C>RI$2 & NOT ( ! 9TR9SIC *>ACT] ( ANY S+LE ACT1 BY ITSELF4 ,! QUE/IONS ( VIRTUE & VICE HAVE !RE=E BE5 AS V>I\S1 &1 9 FACT1 AS 9F9ITE1 AS ! V>IETIES ( M9D1 BODY1 & CONDITION ( ! DIFF]5T 9DIVIDUALS 9HABIT+ ! GLOBE4 ,& ! EXP]I5CE ( AGES HAS LEFT AN 9F9ITE NUMB] ( !SE QUE/IONS UNSETTL$4 ,9 FACT1 IT CAN SC>CELY BE SAID TO HAVE SETTL$ ANY ( !M4 

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,9 ! MID/ ( ?IS 5DLESS V>IETY ( OP9ION1 :AT MAN1 OR :AT BODY ( M51 HAS ! RI<T TO SAY1 9 REG>D TO ANY P>TICUL> ACTION1 OR C\RSE ( ACTION1 0,WE HAVE TRI$ ?IS EXP]IM5T1 & DET]M9$ EV]Y QUE/ION 9VOLV$ 9 IT8 ,WE HAVE DET]M9$ IT1 NOT ONLY = \RSELVES1 BUT = ALL O!RS8 ,&1 AS TO ALL ?OSE :O >E WEAK] ?AN WE1 WE WILL CO]CE !M TO ACT 9 OB$I5CE TO \R CONCLUSION8 ,WE WILL SUFF] NO FUR!R EXP]IM5T OR 9QUIRY BY ANY ONE1 &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 NO FUR!R ACQUISITION ( KN[L$GE BY ANYBODY80 

,:O >E ! M5 :O HAVE ! RI<T TO SAY ?IS8 ,C]TA9LY !RE NONE SU*4 ,! M5 :O REALLY DO SAY IT1 >E EI!R %AMELESS IMPO/ORS & TYRANTS1 :O W\LD /OP ! PROGRESS ( KN[L$GE1 & USURP ABSOLUTE CONTROL OV] ! M9DS & BODIES ( !IR FELL[ M52 & >E !RE=E TO RESI/$ 9/ANTLY1 & TO ! LA/ EXT5T2 OR !Y >E !MSELVES TOO IGNORANT ( !IR [N WEAKNESSES1 & ( !IR TRUE RELATIONS TO O!R M51 TO BE 5TITL$ TO ANY O!R CONSID]ATION ?AN %E] PITY OR CONTEMPT4 

,WE KN[1 H[EV]1 ?AT !RE >E SU* M5 AS !SE 9 ! WORLD4 ,SOME ( !M ATTEMPT TO EX]CISE !IR P[] ONLY )9 A SMALL SPH]E1 TO WIT1 UPON !IR *ILDR51 !IR NEI<BORS1 !IR T[NSM51 & !IR C\NTRYM54 ,O!RS ATTEMPT TO EX]CISE IT ON A L>G] SCALE4 ,= EXAMPLE1 AN OLD MAN AT ,ROME1 AID$ BY A FEW SUBORD9ATES1 ATTEMPTS TO DECIDE ALL QUE/IONS ( VIRTUE & VICE2 ?AT IS1 ( TRU? OR FALSEHOOD1 ESPECIALLY 9 MATT]S ( RELIGION4 ,HE CLAIMS TO KN[ & TEA* :AT RELIGI\S IDEAS & PRACTICES >E CONDUCIVE1 OR FATAL1 TO A MAN'S HAPP9ESS1 NOT ONLY 9 ?IS WORLD1 BUT 9 ?AT :I* IS TO COME4 ,HE CLAIMS TO BE MIRACUL\SLY 9SPIR$ = ! P]=MANCE ( ?IS WORK2 ?US VIRTUALLY ACKN[L$G+1 LIKE A S5SIBLE MAN1 ?AT NO?+ %ORT ( MIRACUL\S 9SPIRATION W\LD QUALIFY HIM = IT4 ,?IS MIRACUL\S 9SPIRATION1 H[EV]1 HAS BE5 9EFFECTUAL TO 5ABLE HIM TO SETTLE MORE ?AN A V]Y FEW QUE/IONS4 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT TO :I* COMMON MORTALS CAN ATTA91 IS AN IMPLICIT BELIEF 9 HIS 7! POPE'S7 9FALLIBILITY6 &1 SECONDLY1 ?AT ! BLACKE/ VICES ( :I* !Y CAN BE GUILTY >E TO BELIEVE & DECL>E ?AT HE IS ONLY A MAN LIKE ! RE/ ( !M6 

,IT REQUIR$ SOME FIFTE5 OR EI<TE5 HUNDR$ YE>S TO 5ABLE HIM TO REA* DEF9ITE CONCLUSIONS ON !SE TWO VITAL PO9TS4 ,YET IT W\LD SEEM ?AT ! FIR/ ( !SE MU/ NECESS>ILY BE PRELIM9>Y TO HIS SETTLEM5T ( ANY O!R QUE/IONS2 BECAUSE1 UNTIL HIS [N 9FALLIBILITY IS DET]M9$1 HE CAN AU?ORITATIVELY DECIDE NO?+ ELSE4 ,HE HAS1 H[EV]1 H]ET(ORE ATTEMPT$ OR PRET5D$ TO SETTLE A FEW O!RS4 ,& HE MAY1 P]HAPS1 ATTEMPT OR PRET5D TO SETTLE A FEW MORE 9 ! FUTURE1 IF HE %ALL CONT9UE TO F9D ANYBODY TO LI/5 TO HIM4 ,BUT HIS SUCCESS1 ?US F>1 C]TA9LY DOES NOT 5C\RAGE ! BELIEF ?AT HE WILL BE ABLE TO SETTLE ALL QUE/IONS ( VIRTUE & VICE1 EV5 9 HIS PECULI> DEP>TM5T ( RELIGION1 9 TIME TO MEET ! NECESSITIES ( MANK9D4 ,HE1 OR HIS SUCCESSORS1 WILL UND\BT$LY BE COMPELL$1 AT NO DI/ANT DAY1 TO ACKN[L$GE ?AT HE HAS UND]TAK5 A TASK TO :I* ALL HIS MIRACUL\S 9SPIRATION WAS 9ADEQUATE2 & ?AT1 ( NECESSITY1 EA* HUMAN BE+ MU/ BE LEFT TO SETTLE ALL QUE/IONS ( ?IS K9D = HIMSELF4 ,& IT IS NOT UNREASONABLE TO EXPECT ?AT ALL O!R POPES1 9 O!R & LESS] SPH]ES1 WILL SOME TIME HAVE CAUSE TO COME TO ! SAME CONCLUSION4 ,NO ONE1 C]TA9LY1 NOT CLAIM+ SUP]NATURAL 9SPIRATION1 %\LD UND]TAKE A TASK TO :I* OBVI\SLY NO?+ LESS ?AN SU* 9SPIRATION IS ADEQUATE4 ,&1 CLE>LY1 NO ONE %\LD SURR5D] HIS [N JUDGM5T TO ! TEA*+S ( O!RS1 UNLESS HE BE FIR/ CONV9C$ ?AT !SE O!RS HAVE SOME?+ MORE ?AN ORD9>Y HUMAN KN[L$GE ON ?IS SUBJECT4 

,IF ?OSE P]SONS1 :O FANCY !MSELVES GIFT$ ) BO? ! P[] & ! RI<T TO DEF9E & PUNI% O!R M5'S VICES1 W\LD BUT TURN !IR ?\<TS 9W>DLY1 !Y W\LD PROBABLY F9D ?AT !Y HAVE A GREAT WORK TO DO AT HOME2 & ?AT1 :5 ?AT %ALL HAVE BE5 COMPLET$1 !Y WILL BE LITTLE DISPOS$ TO DO MORE T[>DS CORRECT+ ! VICES ( O!RS1 ?AN SIMPLY TO GIVE TO O!RS ! RESULTS ( !IR EXP]I5CE & OBS]VATION4 ,9 ?IS SPH]E !IR LABORS MAY POSSIBLY BE USEFUL2 BUT1 9 ! SPH]E ( 9FALLIBILITY & CO]CION1 !Y WILL PROBABLY1 = WELL-KN[N REASONS1 MEET ) EV5 LESS SUCCESS 9 ! FUTURE ?AN SU* M5 HAVE MET ) 9 ! PA/4 

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,IT IS N[ OBVI\S1 FROM ! REASONS ALREADY GIV51 ?AT GOV]NM5T W\LD BE UTT]LY IMPRACTICABLE1 IF IT W]E TO TAKE COGNIZANCE ( VICES1 & PUNI% !M AS CRIMES4 ,EV]Y HUMAN BE+ HAS HIS OR H] VICES4 ,NE>LY ALL M5 HAVE A GREAT MANY4 ,& !Y >E ( ALL K9DS2 PHYSIOLOGICAL1 M5TAL1 EMOTIONAL2 RELIGI\S1 SOCIAL1 COMM]CIAL1 9DU/RIAL1 ECONOMICAL1 @&C41 @&C4 ,IF GOV]NM5T IS TO TAKE COGNIZANCE ( ANY ( !SE VICES1 & PUNI% !M AS CRIMES1 !N1 TO BE CONSI/5T1 IT MU/ TAKE COGNIZANCE ( ALL1 & PUNI% ALL IMP>TIALLY4 ,! CONSEQU5CE W\LD BE1 ?AT EV]YBODY W\LD BE 9 PRISON = HIS OR H] VICES4 ,!RE W\LD BE NO ONE LEFT \TSIDE TO LOCK ! DOORS UPON ?OSE )94 ,9 FACT1 C\RTS 5\< C\LD NOT BE F\ND TO TRY ! (F5D]S1 NOR PRISONS 5\< BUILT TO HOLD !M4 ,ALL HUMAN 9DU/RY 9 ! ACQUISITION ( KN[L$GE1 & EV5 9 ACQUIR+ ! MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE1 W\LD BE >RE/$3 = WE %\LD ALL BE UND] CON/ANT TRIAL OR IMPRISONM5T = \R VICES4 ,BUT EV5 IF IT W]E POSSIBLE TO IMPRISON ALL ! VICI\S1 \R KN[L$GE ( HUMAN NATURE TELLS US ?AT1 AS A G5]AL RULE1 !Y W\LD BE F> MORE VICI\S PRISON ?AN !Y EV] HAVE BE5 \T ( IT4 

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,A GOV]NM5T ?AT %ALL PUNI% ALL VICES IMP>TIALLY IS SO OBVI\SLY AN IMPOSSIBILITY1 ?AT NOBODY WAS EV] F\ND1 OR EV] WILL BE F\ND1 FOOLI% 5\< TO PROPOSE IT4 ,! MO/ ?AT ANY ONE PROPOSES IS1 ?AT GOV]NM5T %ALL PUNI% SOME ONE1 OR AT MO/ A FEW1 ( :AT HE E/EEMS ! GROSSE/ ( !M4 ,BUT ?IS DISCRIM9ATION AN UTT]LY ABSURD1 ILLOGICAL1 & TYRANNICAL ONE4 ,:AT RI<T HAS ANY BODY ( M5 TO SAY1 0,! VICES ( O!R M5 WE WILL PUNI%2 BUT \R [N VICES NOBODY %ALL PUNI%8 ,WE WILL RE/RA9 O!R M5 FROM SEEK+ !IR [N HAPP9ESS1 ACCORD+ TO !IR [N NOTIONS ( IT2 BUT NOBODY %ALL RE/RA9 US FROM SEEK+ \R [N HAPP9ESS1 ACCORD+ TO \R [N NOTIONS ( IT8 ,WE WILL RE/RA9 O!R M5 FROM ACQUIR+ ANY EXP]IM5TAL KN[L$GE ( :AT IS CONDUCIVE OR NECESS>Y1 TO !IR [N HAPP9ESS2 BUT NOBODY %ALL RE/RA9 US FROM ACQUIR+ AN EXP]IM5TAL KN[L$GE ( :AT IS CONDUCIVE OR NECESS>Y TO \R [N HAPP9ESS80 

,NOBODY BUT KNAVES OR BLOCKHEADS EV] ?9KS ( MAK+ SU* ABSURD ASSUMPTIONS AS !SE4 ,& YET1 EVID5TLY1 IT IS ONLY UPON SU* ASSUMPTIONS ?AT ANYBODY CAN CLAIM ! RI<T TO PUNI% ! VICES ( O!RS1 & AT ! SAME TIME CLAIM EXEMPTION FROM PUNI%M5T = HIS [N4 

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,SU* A ?+ AS A GOV]NM5T1 =M$ BY VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATION1 W\LD NEV] HAVE BE5 ?\<T (1 IF ! OBJECT PROPOS$ HAD BE5 ! PUNI%M5T ( ALL VICES1 IMP>TIALLY2 BECAUSE NOBODY WANTS SU* AN 9/ITUTION1 OR W\LD VOLUNT>ILY SUBMIT TO IT4 ,BUT A GOV]NM5T1 =M$ BY VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATION1 = ! PUNI%M5T ( ALL CRIMES IS A REASONABLE MATT]2 BECAUSE EV]YBODY WANTS PROTECTION = HIMSELF AGA9/ ALL CRIMES BY O!RS1 & ALSO ACKN[L$GES ! JU/ICE ( HIS [N PUNI%M5T1 IF HE COMMITS A CRIME4 

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,IT IS A NATURAL IMPOSSIBILITY ?AT A GOV]NM5T %\LD HAVE A RI<T TO PUNI% M5 = !IR VICES2 BECAUSE IT IS IMPOSSIBLE ?AT A GOV]NM5T %\LD HAVE ANY RI<TS1 EXCEPT SU* AS ! 9DIVIDUALS COMPOS+ IT HAD PREVI\SLY HAD1 AS 9DIVIDUALS4 ,!Y C\LD NOT DELEGATE TO A GOV]NM5T ANY RI<TS :I* !Y DID NOT !MSELVES POSSESS4 ,!Y C\LD NOT CONTRIBUTE TO ! GOV]NM5T ANY RI<TS1 EXCEPT SU* AS !Y !MSELVES POSSESS$ AS 9DIVIDUALS4 ,N[1 NOBODY BUT A FOOL OR AN IMPO/OR PRET5DS ?AT HE1 AS AN 9DIVIDUAL1 HAS A RI<T TO PUNI% O!R M5 = !IR VICES4 ,BUT ANYBODY & EV]YBODY HAVE A NATURAL RI<T1 AS 9DIVIDUALS1 TO PUNI% O!R M5 = !IR CRIMES2 = EV]YBODY HAS A NATURAL RI<T1 NOT ONLY TO DEF5D HIS [N P]SON & PROP]TY AGA9/ AGGRESSORS1 BUT ALSO TO GO TO ! ASSI/ANCE & DEF5SE ( EV]YBODY ELSE1 :OSE P]SON OR PROP]TY IS 9VAD$4 ,! NATURAL RI<T ( EA* 9DIVIDUAL TO DEF5D HIS [N P]SON & PROP]TY AGA9/ AN AGGRESSOR1 & TO GO TO ! ASSI/ANCE & DEF5SE ( EV]Y ONE ELSE :OSE P]SON OR PROP]TY IS 9VAD$1 IS A RI<T )\T :I* M5 C\LD NOT EXI/ ON ! E>?4 ,& GOV]NM5T HAS NO RI<TFUL EXI/5CE1 EXCEPT 9 SO F> AS IT EMBODIES1 & IS LIMIT$ BY1 ?IS NATURAL RI<T ( 9DIVIDUALS4 ,BUT ! IDEA ?AT EA* MAN HAS A NATURAL RI<T TO DECIDE :AT >E VIRTUES1 & :AT >E VICES -- ?AT IS1 :AT CONTRIBUTES TO ?AT NEI<BORS HAPP9ESS1 & :AT DO NOT -- & TO PUNI% HIM = ALL ?AT DO NOT CONTRIBUTE TO IT2 IS :AT NO ONE EV] HAD ! IMPUD5CE OR FOLLY TO ASS]T4 ,IT IS ONLY ?OSE :O CLAIM ?AT GOV]NM5T HAS SOME RI<TFUL P[]1 :I* NO 9DIVIDUAL OR 9DIVIDUALS EV] DID1 OR C\LD1 DELEGATE TO IT1 ?AT CLAIM ?AT GOV]NM5T HAS ANY RI<TFUL P[] TO PUNI% VICES4 

,IT WILL DO = A POPE OR A K+ -- :O CLAIMS TO HAVE RECEIV$ DIRECT AU?ORITY FROM ,HEAV51 TO RULE OV] HIS FELL[-M5 -- TO CLAIM ! RI<T1 AS ! VICEG]5T ( ,GOD1 TO PUNI% M5 = !IR VICES2 BUT IT IS A %E] & UTT] ABSURDITY = ANY GOV]NM5T1 CLAIM+ TO D]IVE ITS P[] :OLLY FROM ! GRANT ( ! GOV]N$1 TO CLAIM ANY SU* P[]2 BECAUSE EV]YBODY KN[S ?AT ! GOV]N$ NEV] W\LD GRANT IT4 ,= !M TO GRANT IT W\LD BE AN ABSURDITY1 BECAUSE IT W\LD BE GRANT+ AWAY !IR [N RI<T TO SEEK !IR [N HAPP9ESS2 S9CE TO GRANT AWAY !IR RI<T TO JUDGE ( :AT WILL BE = !IR HAPP9ESS1 IS TO GRANT AWAY ALL !IR RI<T TO PURSUE !IR [N HAPP9ESS4 

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,WE CAN N[ SEE H[ SIMPLE1 EASY1 & REASONABLE A MATT] IS A GOV]NM5T IS = ! PUNI%M5T ( CRIMES1 AS COMP>$ ) ONE = ! PUNI%M5T ( VICES4 ,CRIMES >E FEW1 & EASILY DI/+UI%$ FROM ALL O!R ACTS2 & MANK9D >E G5]ALLY AGRE$ AS TO :AT ACTS >E CRIMES4 ,:]EAS VICES >E 9NUM]ABLE2 & NO TWO P]SONS >E AGRE$1 EXCEPT 9 COMP>ATIVELY FEW CASES1 AS TO :AT >E VICES4 ,FUR!RMORE1 EV]YBODY WI%ES TO BE PROTECT$1 9TO HIS P]SON & PROP]TY1 AGA9/ ! AGGRESSIONS ( O!R M54 ,BUT NOBODY WI%ES TO BE PROTECT$1 EI!R 9 HIS P]SON OR PROP]TY1 AGA9/ HIMSELF2 BECAUSE IT IS CONTR>Y TO ! FUNDAM5TAL LAWS ( HUMAN NATURE ITSELF1 ?AT ANY ONE %\LD WI% TO H>M HIMSELF4 ,HE ONLY WI%ES TO PROMOTE HIS [N HAPP9ESS1 & TO BE HIS [N JUDGE AS TO :AT WILL PROMOTE1 & DOES PROMOTE1 HIS [N HAPP9ESS4 ,?IS IS :AT EV]Y ONE WANTS1 & HAS A RI<T TO1 AS A HUMAN BE+4 ,& ?\< WE ALL MAKE MANY MI/AKES1 & NECESS>ILY MU/ MAKE !M1 FROM ! IMP]FECTION ( \R KN[L$GE1 YET !SE MI/AKES >E NO >GUM5T AGA9/ ! RI<T2 BECAUSE !Y ALL T5D TO GIVE US ! V]Y KN[L$GE WE NE$1 & >E 9 PURSUIT (1 & CAN GET 9 NO O!R WAY4 

,! OBJECT AIMS AT 9 ! PUNI%M5T ( CRIMES1 !RE=E1 IS NOT ONLY :OLLY DIFF]5T FROM1 BUT IT IS DIRECTLY OPPOS$ TO1 ?AT AIM$ AT 9 ! PUNI%M5T ( VICES4 

,! OBJECT AIM$ AT 9 ! PUNI%M5T ( CRIMES IS TO SECURE1TO EA* & EV]Y MAN ALIKE1 ! FULLE/ LIB]TY HE POSSIBLY CAN HAVE -- CONSI/5TLY ) ! EQUAL RI<TS ( O!RS -- TO PURSUE HIS [N HAPP9ESS1 UND] ! GUIDANCE ( HIS [N JUDGM5T1 & BY ! USE ( HIS [N PROP]TY4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! OBJECT AIM$ AT 9 ! PUNI%M5T ( VICES1 IS TO DEPRIVE EV]Y MAN ( HIS NATURAL RI<T & LIB]TY TO PURSUE HIS [N HAPP9ESS1 UND] ! GUIDANCE ( HIS [N JUDGM5T1 & BY ! USE ( HIS [N PROP]TY4 

,!SE TWO OBJECTS1 !N1 >E DIRECTLY OPPOS$ TO EA* O!R4 ,!Y >E AS DIRECTLY OPPOS$ TO EA* O!R AS >E LI<T & D>KNESS1 OR AS TRU? & FALSEHOOD1 OR AS LIB]TY & SLAV]Y4 ,!Y >E UTT]LY 9COMPATIBLE ) EA* O!R2 & TO SUPPOSE ! TWO TO BE EMBRAC$ 9 ONE & ! SAME GOV]NM5T1 IS AN ABSURDITY1 AN IMPOSSIBILITY4 ,IT IS TO SUPPOSE ! OBJECTS ( A GOV]NM5T TO BE TO COMMIT CRIMES1 & TO PREV5T CRIMES2 TO DE/ROY 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TY1 & TO SECURE 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TY4 

,X,I,V4 

,F9ALLY1 ON ?IS PO9T ( 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TY3 EV]Y MAN MU/ NECESS>ILY JUDGE & DET]M9E = HIMSELF AS TO :AT IS CONDUCIVE & NECESS>Y TO1 & :AT IS DE/RUCTIVE (1 HIS [N WELL-BE+2 BECAUSE1 IF HE OMITS TO P]=M ?IS TASK = HIMSELF1 NOBODY ELSE CAN P]=M IT = HIM4 ,& NOBODY ELSE WILL EV5 ATTEMPT TO P]=M IT = HIM1 EXCEPT 9 V]Y FEW CASES4 ,POPES1 & PRIE/S1 & K+S WILL ASSUME TO P]=M IT = HIM1 9 C]TA9 CASES1 IF P]MITT$ TO DO SO4 ,BUT !Y WILL1 9 G5]AL1 P]=M IT ONLY 9 SO F> AS !Y CAN M9I/] TO !IR [N VICES & CRIMES1 BY DO+ IT4 ,!Y WILL1 9 G5]AL1 P]=M IT ONLY 9 SO F> AS !Y CAN MAKE HIM !IR FOOL & !IR SLAVE4 ,P>5TS1 ) BETT] MOTIVES1 NO D\BT1 ?AN ! O!RS1 TOO (T5 ATTEMPT ! SAME WORK4 ,BUT 9 SO F> AS !Y PRACTICE CO]CION1 OR RE/RA9 A *ILD FROM ANY?+ NOT REALLY & S]I\SLY DANG]\S TO HIMSELF1 !Y DO HIM A H>M1 RA!R ?AN A GOOD4 ,IT IS A LAW ( ,NATURE ?AT TO GET KN[L$GE1 & TO 9CORPORATE ?AT KN[L$GE 9TO HIS [N BE+1 EA* 9DIVIDUAL MU/ GET IT = HIMSELF4 ,NOBODY1 NOT EV5 HIS P>5TS1 CAN TELL HIM ! NATURE ( FIRE1 SO ?AT HE WILL REALLY KN[ IT4 ,HE MU/ HIMSELF EXP]IM5T ) IT1 & BE BURNT BY IT1 BE=E HE CAN KN[ IT4 

,NATURE KN[S1 A ?\S& TIMES BETT] ?AN ANY P>5T1 :AT %E DESIGNS EA* 9DIVIDUAL =1 :AT KN[L$GE HE REQUIRES1 & H[ HE MU/ GET IT4 ,%E KN[S ?AT H] [N PROCESSES = COMMUNICAT+ ?AT KN[L$GE >E NOT ONLY ! BE/1 BUT ! ONLY ONES ?AT CAN BE EFFECTUAL4 

,! ATTEMPTS ( P>5TS TO MAKE !IR *ILDR5 VIRTU\S G5]ALLY LITTLE ELSE ?AN ATTEMPTS TO KEEP !M 9 IGNORANCE ( VICE4 ,!Y >E LITTLE ELSE ?AN ATTEMPTS TO TEA* !IR *ILDR5 TO KN[ & PREF] TRU?1 BY KEEP+ !M 9 IGNORANCE ( FALSEHOOD4 ,!Y >E LITTLE ELSE ?AN ATTEMPTS TO MAKE !M SEEK & APPRECIATE HEAL?1 BY KEEP+ !M 9 IGNORANCE ( DISEASE1 & ( EV]Y?+ ?AT WILL CAUSE DISEASE4 ,!Y >E LITTLE ELSE ?AN ATTEMPTS TO MAKE !IR *ILDR5 LOVE ! LI<T1 BY KEEP+ !M 9 IGNORANCE ( D>KNESS4 ,9 %ORT1 !Y >E LITTLE ELSE ?AN ATTEMPTS TO MAKE !IR *ILDR5 HAPPY1 BY KEEP+ !M 9 IGNORANCE ( EV]Y?+ ?AT CAUSES !M UNHAPP9ESS4 

,9 SO F> AS P>5TS CAN REALLY AID !IR *ILDR5 9 ! LATT]'S SE>* AFT] HAPP9ESS1 BY SIMPLY GIV+ !M ! RESULTS ( !IR 7! P>5TS'7 [N REASON & EXP]I5CE1 IT IS ALL V]Y WELL1 & IS A NATURAL & APPROPRIATE DUTY4 ,BUT TO PRACTICE CO]CION 9 MATT]S ( :I* ! *ILDR5 >E REASONABLY COMPET5T TO JUDGE = !MSELVES1 IS ONLY AN ATTEMPT TO KEEP !M 9 IGNORANCE4 ,& ?IS IS AS MU* A TYRANNY1 & AS MU* A VIOLATION ( ! *ILDR5'S RI<T TO ACQUIRE KN[L$GE = !MSELVES1 & SU* KN[L$GE AS !Y DESIRE1 AS IS ! SAME CO]CION :5 PRACTIC$ UPON OLD] P]SONS4 ,SU* CO]CION1 PRACTIC$ UPON *ILDR51 IS A D5IAL ( !IR RI<T TO DEVELOP ! FACULTIES ?AT ,NATURE HAS GIV5 !M1 & TO BE :AT ,NATURE DESIGNS !M TO BE4 ,IT IS A D5IAL ( !IR RI<T TO !MSELVES1 & TO ! USE ( !IR [N P[]S4 ,IT IS A D5IAL ( !IR RI<T TO ACQUIRE ! MO/ VALUABLE ( ALL KN[L$GE1 TO WIT1 ! KN[L$GE ?AT ,NATURE1 ! GREAT TEA*]1 /&S READY TO IMP>T TO !M4 

,! RESULTS ( SU* CO]CION >E NOT TO MAKE ! *ILDR5 WISE OR VIRTU\S1 BUT TO MAKE !M IGNORANT1 & CONSEQU5TLY WEAK & VICI\S2 & TO P]PETUATE ?R\< !M1 FROM AGE TO AGE1 ! IGNORANCE1 ! SUP]/ITIONS1 ! VICES1 & ! CRIMES ( ! P>5TS4 ,?IS IS PROV$ BY EV]Y PAGE ( ! WORLD'S HI/ORY4 

,?OSE :O HOLD OP9IONS OPPOSITE TO !SE1 >E ?OSE :OSE FALSE & VICI\S !OLOGIES1 OR :OSE [N VICI\S G5]AL IDEAS1 HAVE TAU<T !M ?AT ! HUMAN RACE >E NATURALLY GIV5 TO EVIL1 RA!R ?AN GOOD2 TO ! FALSE1 RA!R ?AN ! TRUE2 ?AT MANK9D DO NOT NATURALLY TURN !IR EYES TO ! LI<T2 ?AT !Y LOVE D>KNESS1 RA!R ?AN LI<T2 & ?AT !Y F9D !IR HAPP9ESS ONLY 9 ?OSE ?+S ?AT T5D TO !IR MIS]Y4 

,X,V4 

,BUT !SE M51 :O CLAIM ?AT GOV]NM5T %ALL USE ITS P[] TO PREV5T VICE1 WILL SAY1 OR >E 9 ! HABIT ( SAY+1 0,WE ACKN[L$GE ! RI<T ( AN 9DIVIDUAL TO SEEK HIS [N HAPP9ESS 9 HIS [N WAY1 & CONSEQU5TLY TO BE AS VICI\S AS BE PLEASES2 WE ONLY CLAIM ?AT GOV]NM5T %ALL PROHIBIT ! SALE TO HIM ( ?OSE >TICLES BY :I* HE M9I/]S TO HIS VICE40 

,! ANSW] TO ?IS IS1 ?AT ! SIMPLE SALE ( ANY >TICLE :ATEV] -- 9DEP5D5TLY ( ! USE ?AT IS TO BE MADE ( ! >TICLE -- IS LEGALLY A P]FECTLY 9NOC5T ACT4 ,! QUALITY ( ! ACT ( SALE DEP5DS :OLLY UPON ! QUALITY ( ! USE = :I* ! ?+ IS SOLD4 ,IF ! USE ( ANY?+ IS VIRTU\S & LAWFUL1 !N ! SALE ( IT1 = ?AT USE1 IS VIRTU\S & LAWFUL4 ,IF ! USE IS VICI\S1 !N ! SALE ( IT1 = ?AT USE1 IS VICI\S4 ,IF ! USE IS CRIM9AL1 !N ! SALE ( IT1 = ?AT USE1 IS CRIM9AL4 ,! SELL] IS1 AT MO/1 ONLY AN ACCOMPLICE 9 ! USE ?AT IS TO BE MADE ( ! >TICLE SOLD1 :E!R ! USE BE VIRTU\S1 VICI\S1 OR CRIM9AL4 ,:]E ! USE IS CRIM9AL1 ! SELL] IS AN ACCOMPLICE 9 ! CRIME1 & PUNI%ABLE AS SU*4 ,BUT :]E ! USE IS ONLY VICI\S1 ! SELL] IS ONLY AN ACCOMPLICE 9 ! VICE1 & IS NOT PUNI%ABLE4 

,X,V,I4 

,BUT IT WILL BE ASK$1 0,IS !RE NO RI<T1 ON ! P>T ( GOV]NM5T1 TO >RE/ ! PROGRESS ( ?OSE :O >E B5T ON SELF-DE/RUCTION80 

,! ANSW] IS1 ?AT GOV]NM5T HAS NO RI<TS :ATEV] 9 ! MATT]1 SO LONG AS !SE SO-CALL$ VICI\S P]SONS REMA9 SANE1 COMPOS M5TIS1 CAPABLE ( EX]CIS+ REASONABLE DISCRETION & SELF-CONTROL2 BECAUSE1 SO LONG AS !Y DO REMA9 SANE1 !Y MU/ BE ALL[$ TO JUDGE & DECIDE = !MSELVES :E!R !IR SO-CALL$ VICES REALLY >E VICES2 :E!R !Y REALLY >E LEAD+ !M TO DE/RUCTION2 & :E!R1 ON ! :OLE1 !Y WILL GO !RE OR NOT4 ,:5 !Y %ALL BECOME 9SANE1 NON COMPOS M5TIS1 9CAPABLE ( REASONABLE DISCRETION OR SELF-CONTROL1 !IR FRI5DS OR NEI<BORS1 OR ! GOV]NM5T1 MU/ TAKE C>E ( !M1 & PROTECT !M FROM H>M1 & AGA9/ ALL P]SONS :O W\LD DO !M H>M1 9 ! SAME WAY AS IF !IR 9SANITY HAD COME UPON !M FROM ANY O!R CAUSE ?AN !IR SUPPOS$ VICES4 

,BUT BECAUSE A MAN IS SUPPOS$1 BY HIS NEI<BORS1 TO BE ON ! WAY TO SELF-DE/RUCTION1 FROM HIS VICES1 IT DOES NOT1 !RE=E1 FOLL[ ?AT HE IS 9SANE1 NON COMPOS M5TIS1 9CAPABLE ( REASONABLE DISCRETION & SELF-CONTROL1 )9 ! LEGAL MEAN+ ( ?OSE T]MS4 ,M5 & WOM5 MAY BE ADDICT$ TO V]Y GROSS VICES1 & TO A GREAT MANY ( !M -- SU* AS GLUTTONY1 DRUNK5NESS1 PRO/ITUTION1 GAMBL+1 PRIZE-FI<T+1 TOBACCO-*EW+1 SMOK+1 & SNUFF+1 OPIUM-EAT+1 CORSET-WE>+1 IDL5ESS1 WA/E ( PROP]TY1 AV>ICE1 HYPOCRISY1 @&C41 @&C4 -- & /ILL BE SANE1 COMPOS M5TIS1 CAPABLE ( REASONABLE DISCRETION & SELF-CONTROL1 )9 ! MEAN+ ( ! LAW4 ,& SO LONG AS !Y >E SANE1 !Y MU/ BE P]MITT$ TO CONTROL !MSELVES & !IR PROP]TY1 & TO BE !IR [N JUDGES AS TO :]E !IR VICES WILL F9ALLY LEAD !M4 ,IT MAY BE HOP$ BY ! LOOK]S-ON1 9 EA* 9DIVIDUAL CASE1 ?AT ! VICI\S P]SON WILL SEE ! 5D TO :I* HE IS T5D+1 & BE 9DUC$ TO TURN BACK4 ,BUT1 IF HE *OOSES TO GO ON TO :AT O!R M5 CALL DE/RUCTION1 BE MU/ BE P]MITT$ TO DO SO4 ,& ALL ?AT CAN BE SAID ( HIM1SO F> AS ?IS LIFE IS CONC]N$1 IS1 ?AT HE MADE A GREAT MI/AKE 9 HIS SE>* AFT] HAPP9ESS1 & ?AT O!RS WILL DO WELL TO TAKE W>N+ BY HIS FATE4 ,AS TO :AT MAYBE HIS CONDITION 9 ANO!R LIFE1 ?AT IS A !OLOGICAL QUE/ION ) :I* ! LAW1 9 ?IS WORLD1 HAS NO MORE TO DO ?AN IT HAS ) ANY O!R !OLOGICAL QUE/ION1 T\*+ M5'S CONDITION 9 A FUTURE LIFE4 

,IF IT BE ASK$ H[ ! QUE/ION ( A VICI\S MAN'S SANITY OR 9SANITY IS TO BE DET]M9$8 ,! ANSW] IS1 ?AT IT IS TO BE DET]M9$ BY ! SAME K9DS ( EVID5CE AS IS ! SANITY OR 9SANITY ( ?OSE :O >E CALL$ VIRTU\S2 & NOT O!RWISE4 ,?AT IS1 BY ! SAME K9DS ( EVID5CE BY :I* ! LEGAL TRIBUNALS DET]M9E :E!R A MAN %\LD BE S5T TO AN ASYLUM = LUNATICS1 OR :E!R HE IS COMPET5T TO MAKE A WILL1 OR O!RWISE DISPOSE ( HIS PROP]TY4 ,ANY D\BT MU/ WEI< 9 FAVOR ( HIS SANITY1 AS 9 ALL O!R CASES1 & NOT ( HIS 9SANITY4 

,IF A P]SON REALLY DOES BECOME 9SANE1 NON COMPOS M5TIS1 9CAPABLE ( REASONABLE DISCRETION OR SELF-CONTROL1 IT IS !N A CRIME1 ON ! P>T ( O!R M51 TO GIVE TO HIM OR SELL TO HIM1 ! MEANS ( SELF-9JURY4.<#a.> ,!RE >E NO CRIMES MORE EASILY PUNI%$1 NO CASES 9 :I* JURIES W\LD BE MORE READY TO CONVICT1 ?AN ?OSE :]E A SANE P]SON %\LD SELL OR GIVE TO AN 9SANE ONE ANY >TICLE ) :I* ! LATT] WAS LIKELY TO 9JURE HIMSELF4 

,X,V,I,I4 

,BUT IT WILL BE SAID ?AT SOME M5 >E MADE1 BY !IR VICES1 DANG]\S TO O!R P]SONS2 ?AT A DRUNK>D1 = EXAMPLE1 IS SOMETIMES QU>RELSOME & DANG]\S T[>D HIS FAMILY OR O!RS4 ,& IT WILL BE ASK$1 0,HAS ! LAW NO?+ TO DO 9 SU* A CASE80 

,! ANSW] IS1 ?AT IF1 EI!R FROM DRUNK5NESS OR ANY O!R CAUSE1 A MAN BE REALLY DANG]\S1 EI!R TO HIS FAMILY OR TO O!R P]SONS1 NOT ONLY HIMSELF MAY BE RI<TFULLY RE/RA9$1 SO F> AS ! SAFETY ( O!R P]SONS REQUIRES1 BUT ALL O!R P]SON -- :O KN[ OR HAVE REASONABLE GR\NDS TO BELIEVE HIM DANG]\S -- MAY ALSO BE RE/RA9$ FROM SELL+ OR GIV+ TO HIM ANY?+ ?AT !Y HAVE REASON TO SUPPOSE WILL MAKE HIM DANG]\S4 

,BUT BECAUSE ONE MAN BECOMES QU>RELSOME & DANG]\S AFT] DR9K+ SPIRITU\S LIQUORS1 & BECAUSE IT IS A CRIME TO GIVE OR SELL LIQUOR TO SU* A MAN1 IT DOES NOT FOLL[ AT ALL ?AT IT IS A CRIME TO SELL LIQUORS TO ! HUNDR$S & ?\S&S ( O!R P]SONS1 :O >E NOT MADE QU>RELSOME OR DANG]\S BY DR9K+ !M4 ,BE=E A MAN CAN BE CONVICT$ ( CRIME 9 SELL+ LIQUOR TO A DANG]\S MAN1 IT MU/ BE %[N ?AT ! P>TICUL> MAN1 TO :OM ! LIQUOR WAS SOLD1 WAS DANG]\S2 & ALSO ?AT ! SELL] KNEW1 OR HAD REASONABLE GR\NDS TO SUPPOSE1 ?AT ! MAN W\LD BE MADE DANG]\S BY DR9K+ IT4 

,! PRESUMPTION ( LAW IS19 ALL CASES1 ?AT ! SALE IS 9NOC5T2 & ! BURD5 ( PROV+ IT CRIM9AL1 9 ANY P>TICUL> CASE1 RE/S UPON ! GOV]NM5T4 ,& ?AT P>TICUL> CASE MU/ BE PROV$ CRIM9AL1 9DEP5D5TLY ( ALL O!RS4 

,SUBJECT TO !SE PR9CIPLES1 !RE IS NO DIFFICULTY CONVICT+ & PUNI%+ M5 = ! SALE OR GIFT ( ANY >TICLE TO A MAN1 :O IS MADE DANG]\S TO O!RS BY ! USE ( IT4 

,X,V,I,I,I4 

,BUT IT IS (T5 SAID ?AT SOME VICES >E NUISANCES 7PUBLIC OR PRIVATE71 & ?AT NUISANCES CAN BE ABAT$ & PUNI%$4 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT ANY?+ ?AT IS REALLY & LEGALLY A NUISAANCE 7EI!R PUBLIC OR PRIVATE7 CAN BE ABAT$ & PUNI%$4 ,BUT IT IS NOT TRUE ?AT ! M]E PRIVATE VICES ( ONE MAN >E1 9 ANY LEGAL S5SE1 NUISANCES TO ANO!R MAN1 OR TO ! PUBLIC4 

,NO ACT ( ONE P]SON CAN BE A NUISANCE TO ANO!R1 UNLESS IT 9 SOME WAY OB/RUCTS OR 9T]F]ES ) ?AT O!R'S SAFE & QUIET USE OR 5JOYM5T ( :AT IS RI<TFULLY HIS [N4 

,:ATEV] OB/RUCTS A PUBLIC HI<WAY1 IS A NUISANCE1 & MAY BE ABAT$ & PUNI%$4 ,BUT A HOTEL :]E LIQUORS >E SOLD1 A LIQUOR /ORE1 OR EV5 A GROG-%OP1 SO CALL$1 NO MORE OB/RUCTS A PUBLIC HI<WAY1 ?AN DOES A DRY GOODS /ORE1 A JEWELRY /ORE1 OR A BUT*]'S %OP4 

,:ATEV] POISONS ! AIR1 OR MAKES IT EI!R (F5SIVE OR UNHEAL?FUL1 IS A NUISANCE4 ,BUT NEI!R A HOTEL1 NOR A LIQUOR /ORE1 NOR A GROG-%OP POISONS ! AIR1 OR MAKES IT (F5SIVE OR UNHEAL?FUL TO \TSIDE P]SONS4 

,:ATEV] OB/RUCTS ! LI<T1 TO :I* A MAN IS LEGALLY 5TITL$1 IS A NUISANCE4 ,BUT NEI!R A HOTEL1 NOR A LIQUOR /ORE1 NOR A GROG-%OP1 OB/RUCTS ANYBODY'S LI<T1 EXCEPT 9 CASES :]E A *UR*1 A S*OOL-H\SE1 OR A DWELL+ H\SE W\LD HAVE EQUALLY OB/RUCT$ IT4 ,ON ?IS GR\ND1 !RE=E1 ! =M] >E NO MORE1 & NO LESS1 NUISANCES ?AN ! LATT] W\LD BE4 

,SOME P]SONS >E 9 ! HABIT ( SAY+ ?AT A LIQUOR%OP IS DANG]\S1 9 ! SAME WAY ?AT GUNP[D] IS DANG]\S4 ,BUT !RE IS NO ANALOGY BETWE5 ! TWO CASES4 ,GUNP[D] IS LIABLE TO BE EXPLOD$ BY ACCID5T1 & ESPECIALLY BY SU* FIRES AS (T5 OCCUR 9 CITIES4 ,= !SE REASONS IT IS DANG]\S TO P]SONS & PROP]TY 9 ITS IMM$IATE VIC9ITY4 ,BUT LIQUORS >E NOT LIABLE TO BE ?US EXPLOD$1 & !RE=E >E NOT DANG]\S NUISANCES1 9 ANY SU* S5SE AS IS GUNP[D] 9 CITIES4 

,BUT IT IS SAID1 AGA91 ?AT DR9K+-PLACES >E FREQU5TLY FILL$ ) NOISY & BOI/]\S M51 :O DI/URB ! QUIET ( ! NEI<BORHOOD1 & ! SLEEP & RE/ ( ! NEI<BORS4 

,?IS MAY BE TRUE OCCASIONALLY1 ?\< NOT V]Y FREQU5TLY4 ,BUT :5EV]1 9 ANY CASE1 IT IS TRUE1 ! NUISANCE MAY BE ABAT$ BY ! PUNI%M5T ( ! PROPRIETOR & HIS CU/OM]S1 & IF NE$ BE1 BY %UTT+ UP ! PLACE4 ,BUT AN ASSEMBLY ( NOISY DR9K]S IS NO MORE A NUISANCE ?AN IS ANY O!R NOISY ASSEMBLY4 ,A JOLLY OR HIL>I\S DR9K] DI/URBS ! QUIET ( A NEI<BOR-HOOD NO MORE1 & NO LESS1 ?AN DOES A %\T+ RELIGI\S FANATIC4 ,AN ASSEMBLY ( NOISY DR9K]S IS NO MORE1 & NO LESS1 A NUISANCE ?AN IS AN ASSEMBLY ( %\T+ RELIGI\S FANATICS4 ,BO? ( !M >E NUISANCES :5 !Y DI/URB ! RE/ & SLEEP1 OR QUIET1 ( NEI<BORS4 ,EV5 A DOG ?AT IS GIV5 TO B>K+1 TO ! DI/URBANCE ( ! SLEEP OR QUIET ( ! NEI<BORHOOD1 IS A NUISANCE4 

,X,I,X4 

,BUT IT IS SAID1 ?AT = ONE P]SON TO 5TICE ANO!R 9TO A VICE1 IS A CRIME4 

,?IS IS PREPO/]\S4 ,IF ANY P>TICUL> ACT IS SIMPLY A VICE1 !N A MAN :O 5TICES ANO!R TO COMMIT IT1 IS SIMPLY AN ACCOMPLICE 9 ! 4 ,HE EVID5TLY COMMITS NO CRIME1 BECAUSE ! ACCOMPLICE CAN C]TA9LY COMMIT NO GREAT] (F5SE ?AN ! PR9CIPAL4 

,EV]Y P]SON :O IS SANE1 COMPOS M5TIS1 POSSESS$ ( REASONABLE DISCRETION & SELF-CONTROL1 IS PRESUM$ TO BE M5TALLY COMPET5T TO JUDGE = HIMSELF ( ALL ! >GUM5TS1 PRO & CON1 ?AT MAY BE ADDRESS$ TO HIM1 TO P]SUADE HIM TO DO ANY P>TICUL> ACT2 PROVID$ NO FRAUD IS EMPLOY$ TO DECEIVE HIM4 ,& IF HE IS P]SUAD$ OR 9DUC$ TO DO ! ACT1 HIS ACT IS !N HIS [N2 & EV5 ?\< ! ACT PROVE TO BE H>MFUL TO HIMSELF1 HE CANNOT COMPLA9 ?AT ! P]SUASION OR >GUM5TS1 TO :I* HE YIELD$ HIS ASS5T1 W]E CRIMES AGA9/ HIMSELF4 

,:5 FRAUD IS PRACTIC$1 ! CASE IS1 ( C\RSE1 DIFF]5T4 ,IF1 = EXAMPLE1 ,I (F] A MAN POISON1 ASSUR+ HIM ?AT IT IS A SAFE & :OLESOME DR9K1 & HE1 ON ! FAI? ( MY ASS]TION1 SWALL[S IT1 MY ACT IS A CRIME4 

,VOL5TI NON FIT 9JURIA1 IS A MAXIM ( ! LAW4 ,TO ! WILL+1 NO 9JURY IS DONE4 ,?AT IS1 NO LEGAL WRONG4 ,& EV]Y P]SON :O IS SANE1 COMPOS M5TIS1 CAPABLE ( EX]CIS+ REASONABLE DISCRETION 9 JUDG+ ( ! TRU? OR FALSEHOOD ( ! REPRES5TATIONS OR P]SUASION TO :I* BE YIELDS HIS ASS5T1 IS 0WILL+10 9 ! VIEW ( ! LAW2 & TAKES UPON HIMSELF ! 5TIRE RESPONSIBILITY = HIS ACTS1 :5 NO 9T5TIONAL FRAUD HAS BE5 PRACTIC$ UPON HIM4 

,?IS PR9CIPLE1 ?AT TO ! WILL+ NO 9JURY IS DONE1 HAS NO LIMIT1 EXCEPT 9 ! CASE ( FRAUDS1 OR ( P]SONS NOT POSSESS$ ( REASONABLE DISCRETION = JUDG+ 9 ! P>TICUL> CASE4 ,IF A P]SON POSSESS$ ( REASONABLE DISCRETION1 & NOT DECEIV$ BY FRAUD1 CONS5TS TO PRACTICE ! GROSSE/ VICE1 & !REBY BR+S UPON HIMSELF ! GREATE/ MORAL1 PHYSICAL1 OR PECUNI>Y SUFF]+S OR LOSSES1 HE CANNOT ALLEGE ?AT HE HAS BE5 LEGALLY WRONG$4 ,TO ILLU/RATE ?IS PR9CIPLE1 TAKE ! CASE ( RAPE4 ,TO HAVE C>NAL KN[L$GE ( A WOMAN1 AGA9/ H] WILL1 IS ! HI<E/ CRIME1 NEXT TO MURD]1 ?AT CAN BE COMMITT$ AGA9/ H]4 ,BUT TO HAVE C>NAL KN[L$GE ( H]1 ) H] CONS5T1 IS NO CRIME2 BUT AT MO/1 A VICE4 ,& IT IS USUALLY HOLD5 ?AT A FEMALE *ILD1 ( NO MORE ?AN T5 YE>S ( AGE1 HAS SU* REASONABLE DISCRETION1 ?AT H] CONS5T1 EV5 ?\< PROCUR$ BY REW>DS1 OR PROMISES ( REW>D1 IS SUFFICI5T TO CONV]T ! ACT1 :I* W\LD O!RWISE BE A HI< CRIME1 9TO A SIMPLE ACT ( VICE4 .<#b.> 

,WE SEE ! SAME PR9CIPLE 9 ! CASE ( PRIZE-FI<T]S4 ,IF ,I BUT LAY ONE ( MY F+]S UPON ANO!R MAN'S P]SON1 AGA9/ HIS WILL1 NO MATT] H[ LI<TLY1 & NO MATT] H[ LITTLE PRACTICAL 9JURY IS DONE1 ! ACT IS A CRIME4 ,BUT IF TWO M5 AGREE TO GO \T & P\ND EA* O!R'S FACES TO A JELLY1 IT IS NO CRIME1 BUT ONLY A VICE4 

,EV5 DUELS HAVE NOT G5]ALLY BE5 CONSID]$ CRIMES1 BECAUSE EA* MAN'S LIFE IS HIS [N1 & ! P>TIES AGREE ?AT EA* MAY TAKE ! O!R'S LIFE1 IF HE CAN1 BY ! USE ( SU* WEAPONS AS >E AGRE$ UPON1 & 9 CON=MITY ) C]TA9 RULES ?AT >E ALSO MUTUALLY ASS5T$ TO4 

,& ?IS IS A CORRECT VIEW ( ! MATT]1 UNLESS IT CAN BE SAID 7AS IT PROBABLY CANNOT71 ?AT 0ANG] IS A MADNESS0 ?AT SO F> DEPRIVES M5 ( !IR REASON AS TO MAKE !M 9CAPABLE ( REASONABLE DISCRETION4 

,GAMBL+ IS ANO!R ILLU/RATION ( ! PR9CIPLE ?AT TO ! WILL+ NO 9JURY IS DONE4 ,IF ,I TAKE BUT A S+LE C5T ( A MAN'S PROP]TY1 )\T HIS CONS5T1 ! ACT IS A CRIME4 ,BUT IF TWO M51 :O >E COMPOS M5TIS1 POSSESS$ ( REASONABLE DISCRETION TO JUDGE ( ! NATURE & PROBABLE RESULTS ( !IR ACT1 SIT D[N TOGE!R1 & EA* VOLUNT>ILY /AKES HIS MONEY AGA9/ ! MONEY ( ANO!R1 ON ! TURN ( A DIE1 & ONE ( !M LOSES HIS :OLE E/ATE 7H[EV] L>GE ?AT MAY BE71 IT IS NO CRIME1 BUT ONLY A VICE4 

,IT IS NOT A CRIME1 EV51 TO ASSI/ A P]SON TO COMMIT SUICIDE1 IF HE BE 9 POSSESSION ( HIS REASON4 

,IT IS A SOME:AT COMMON IDEA ?AT SUICIDE IS1 ( ITSELF1 CONCLUSIVE EVID5CE ( 9SANITY4 ,BUT1 AL?\< IT MAY ORD9>ILY BE V]Y /RONG EVID5CE ( 9SANITY1 IT IS BY NO MEANS CONCLUSIVE 9 ALL CASES4 ,MANY P]SONS1 9 UND\BT$ POSSESSION ( !IR REASON1 HAVE COMMITT$ SUICIDE1 TO ESCAPE ! %AME ( A PUBLIC EXPOSURE = !IR CRIMES1 OR TO AVOID SOME O!R GREAT CALAMITY4 ,SUICIDE1 9 !SE CASES1 MAY NOT HAVE BE5 ! HI<E/ WISDOM1 BUT IT C]TA9LY WAS NOT PRO( ( ANY LACK ( REASONABLE DISCRETION4.<#c.> ,& BE+ )9 ! LIMITS ( REASONABLE DISCRETION1 IT WAS NO CRIME = O!R P]SONS TO AID IT1 EI!R BY FURNI%+ ! 9/RUM5T OR O!RWISE4 ,& IF1 9 SU* CASES1 IT BE NO CRIME TO AID A SUICIDE1 H[ ABSURD TO SAY ?AT1 IT IS A CRIME TO AID HIM 9 SOME ACT ?AT IS REALLY PLEASURABLE1 & :I* A L>GE PORTION ( MANK9D HAVE BELIEV$ TO BE USEFUL8 

,X,X4 

,BUT SOME P]SONS >E 9 ! HABIT ( SAY+ ?AT ! USE ( SPIRITU\S LIQUORS IS ! GREAT S\RCE ( CRIME2 ?AT 0IT FILLS \R PRISONS ) CRIM9ALS20 & ?AT ?IS IS REASON 5\< = PROHIBIT+ ! SALE ( !M4 

,?OSE :O SAY ?IS1 IF !Y TALK S]I\SLY1 TALK BL9DLY & FOOLI%LY4 ,!Y EVID5TLY MEAN TO BE UND]/OOD AS SAY+ ?AT A V]Y L>GE P]C5TAGE ( ALL ! CRIMES ?AT >E COMMITT$ AMONG M51 >E COMMITT$ BY P]SONS :OSE CRIM9AL PASSIONS >E EXCIT$1 AT ! TIME1 BY ! USE ( LIQUORS1 & 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! USE ( LIQUORS4 

,?IS IDEA IS UTT]LY PREPO/]\S4 

,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 ! GREAT CRIMES COMMITT$ 9 ! WORLD >E MO/LY PROMPT$ BY AV>ICE & AMBITION4 

,! GREATE/ ( ALL CRIMES >E ! W>S ?AT >E C>RI$ ON BY GOV]NM5TS1 TO PLUND]1 5?RALL$1 & DE/ROY MANK9D4 

,! NEXT GREATE/ CRIMES COMMITT$ 9 ! WORLD >E EQUALLY PROMPT$ BY AV>ICE & AMBITION2 & >E COMMITT$1 NOT ON SUDD5 PASSION1 BUT BY M5 ( CALCULATION1 :O KEEP !IR HEADS COOL & CLE>1 & :O HAVE NO ?\<T :ATEV] ( GO+ TO PRISON = !M4 ,!Y >E COMMITT$1 NOT SO MU* BY M5 :O VIOLATE ! LAWS1 AS BY M5 :O1 EI!R BY !MSELVES OR BY !IR 9/RUM5TS1 MAKE ! LAWS2 BY M5 :O HAVE COMB9$ TO USURP >BITR>Y P[]1 & TO MA9TA9 IT BY =CE & FRAUD1 & :OSE PURPOSE 9 USURP+ & MA9TA9+ IT IS BY UNJU/ & UNEQUAL LEGISLATION1 TO SECURE TO !MSELVES SU* ADVANTAGES & MONOPOLIES AS WILL 5ABLE !M TO CONTROL & EXTORT ! LABOR & PROP]TIES ( O!R M51 & ?US IMPOV]I% !M1 9 ORD] TO M9I/] TO !IR [N WEAL? & AGGR&IZEM5T4.<#d.> ,! ROBB]IES & WRONGS ?US COMMITT$ BY !SE M51 9 CON=MITY ) ! LAWS1 -- ?AT IS1 !IR [N LAWS -- >E AS M\NTA9S TO MOLEHILLS1 COMP>$ ) ! CRIMES COMMITT$ BY ALL O!R CRIM9ALS1 9 VIOLATION ( ! LAWS4 

,BUT1 ?IRDLY1 !RE >E VA/ NUMB]S ( FRAUDS1 ( V>I\S K9DS1 COMMITT$ 9 ! TRANSACTIONS ( TRADE1 :OSE P]PETRATORS1 BY !IR COOLNESS & SAGACITY1 EVADE ! OP]ATION ( ! LAWS4 ,& IT IS ONLY !IR COOL & CLE> HEADS ?AT 5ABLE !M TO DO IT4 ,M5 UND] ! EXCITEM5T ( 9TOXICAT+ DR9KS >E LITTLE DISPOS$1 & UTT]LY UNEQUAL1 TO ! SUCCESSFUL PRACTICE ( !SE FRAUDS4 ,!Y >E ! MO/ 9CAUTI\S1 ! LEA/ SUCCESSFUL1 ! LEA/ EFFICI5T1 & ! LEA/ TO BE FE>$ 1 ( ALL ! CRIM9ALS ) :OM ! LAWS HAVE TO DEAL4 

,F\R?LY4 ,! PR(ESS$ BURGL>S1 ROBB]S1 ?IEVES1 =G]S1 C\NT]FEIT]S1 & SW9DL]S1 :O PREY UPON SOCIETY1 >E ANY?+ BUT RECKLESS DR9K]S4 ,!IR BUS9ESS IS ( TOO DANG]\S A *>ACT] TO ADMIT ( SU* RISKS AS !Y W\LD ?US 9CUR4 

,FIF?LY4 ,! CRIMES ?AT CAN BE SAID TO BE COMMITT$ UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( 9TOXICAT+ DR9KS >E MO/LY ASSAULTS & BATT]IES1 NOT V]Y NUM]\S1 & G5]ALLY NOT V]Y AGGRAVAT$4 ,SOME O!R SMALL CRIMES1 AS PETTY !FTS1 OR O!R SMALL TRESPASSES UPON PROP]TY1 >E SOMETIMES COMMITT$1 UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( DR9K1 BY FEEBLEM9D$ P]SONS1 NOT G5]ALLY ADDICT$ TO CRIME4 ,! P]SONS :O COMMIT !SE TWO K9DS ( CRIME >E BUT FEW4 ,!Y CANNOT BE SAID TO 0FILL \R PRISONS02 OR1 IF !Y DO1 WE >E TO BE CONGRATULAT$ ?AT WE NE$ SO FEW PRISONS & SO SMALL PRISONS1 TO HOLD !M4 

,! ,/ATE ( ,MASSA*USETTS1 = EXAMPLE1 HAS A MILLION & A HALF ( PEOPLE4 ,H[ MANY ( !SE >E N[ 9 PRISON = CRIMES -- NOT = ! VICE ( 9TOXICATION1 BUT = CRIMES -- COMMITT$ AGA9/ P]SONS OR PROP]TY UND] ! 9/IGATION ( /RONG DR9K8 ,I D\BT IF !RE BE ONE 9 T5 ?\S&1 ?AT IS1 ONE HUNDR$ & FIFTY 9 ALL2 & ! CRIMES = :I* !SE >E 9 PRISON >E MO/LY V]Y SMALL ONES4 

,& ,I ?9K IT WILL BE F\ND ?AT !SE FEW M5 >E G5]ALLY MU* MORE TO BE PITI$ ?AN PUNI%$1 = ! REASON ?AT IT WAS !IR POV]TY & MIS]Y1 RA!R ?AN ANY PASSION = LIQUOR1 OR = CRIME1 ?AT L$ !M TO DR9K1 & ?US L$ !M TO COMMIT !IR CRIMES UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( DR9K4 

,! SWEEP+ *>GE ?AT DR9K 0FILLS \R PRISONS ) CRIM9ALS0 IS MADE1 ,I ?9K1 ONLY BY ?OSE M5 :O KN[ NO BETT] ?AN TO CALL A DRUNK>D A CRIM9AL2 & :O HAVE NO BETT] F\NDATION = !IR *>GE ?AN ! %AMEFUL FACT ?AT WE >E SU* A BRUTAL & S5SELESS PEOPLE1 ?AT WE CONDEMN & PUNI% SU* WEAK & UN=TUNATE P]SONS AS DRUNK>DS1 AS IF !Y W]E CRIM9ALS4 

,! LEGISLATORS :O AU?ORIZE1 & ! JUDGES :O PRACTICE1 SU* ATROCITIES AS !SE1 >E 9TR9SICALLY CRIM9ALS2 UNLESS !IR IGNORANCE BE SU* -- AS IT PROBABLY IS NOT -- AS TO EXCUSE !M4 ,&1 IF !Y W]E !MSELVES TO BE PUNI%$ AS CRIM9ALS1 !RE W\LD BE MORE REASON 9 \R CONDUCT4 

,A POLICE JUDGE 9 ,BO/ON ONCE TOLD ME ?AT HE WAS 9 ! HABIT ( DISPOS+ ( DRUNK>DS 7BY S5D+ !M TO PRISON = ?IRTY DAYS -- ,I ?9K ?AT WAS ! /]EOTYP$ S5T5CE7 AT ! RATE ( ONE 9 ?REE M9UTES61 & SOMETIMES MORE RAPIDLY EV5 ?AN ?AT2 ?US CONDEMN+ !M AS CRIM9ALS1 & S5D+ !M TO PRISON1 )\T M]RY1 & )\T 9QUIRY 9TO CIRCUM/ANCES1 = AN 9FIRMITY ?AT 5TITL$ !M TO COMPASSION & PROTECTION1 9/EAD ( PUNI%M5T4 ,! REAL CRIM9ALS 9 !SE CASES W]E NOT ! M5 :O W5T TO PRISON1 BUT ! JUDGE1 & ! M5 BEH9D HIM1 :O S5T !M !RE4 

,I RECOMM5D TO ?OSE P]SONS1 :O >E SO DI/RESS$ LE/ ! PRISONS ( ,MASSA*USETTS BE FILL$ ) CRIM9ALS1 ?AT !Y EMPLOY SOME PORTION1 AT LEA/1 ( !IR PHILAN?ROPY 9 PREV5T+ \R PRISONS BE+ FILL$ ) P]SONS :O >E NOT CRIM9ALS4 ,I DO NOT REMEMB] TO HAVE HE>D ?AT !IR SYMPA?IES HAVE EV] BE5 V]Y ACTIVELY EX]CIS$ 9 ?AT DIRECTION4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y SEEM TO HAVE SU* A PASSION = PUNI%+ CRIM9ALS1 ?AT !Y C>E NOT TO 9QUIRE P>TICUL>LY :E!R A C&IDATE = PUNI%M5T REALLY BE A CRIM9AL4 ,SU* A PASSION1 LET ME ASSURE !M1 IS A MU* MORE DANG]\S ONE1 & ONE 5TITL$ TO F> LESS *>ITY1 BO? MORALLY & LEGALLY1 ?AN ! PASSION = /RONG DR9K4 

,IT SEEMS TO BE MU* MORE CONSONANT ) ! M]CILESS *>ACT] ( !SE M5 TO S5D AN UN=TUNATE MAN TO PRISON = DRUNK5NESS1 & ?US CRU%1 & DEGRADE1 & DI%E>T5 HIM1 & RU9 HIM = LIFE1 ?AN IT DOES = !M TO LIFT HIM \T ( ! POV]TY & MIS]Y ?AT CAUS$ HIM TO BECOME A DRUNK>D4 

,IT IS ONLY ?OSE P]SONS :O HAVE EI!R LITTLE CAPACITY1 OR LITTLE DISPOSITION1 TO 5LI<T51 5C\RAGE1 OR AID MANK9D1 ?AT >E POSSESS$ ( ?IS VIOL5T PASSION = GOV]N+1 COMM&+1 & PUNI%+ !M4 ,IF1 9/EAD ( /&+ BY1 & GIV+ !IR CONS5T & SANCTION TO ALL ! LAWS BY :I* ! WEAK MAN IS FIR/ PLUND]$1 OPPRESS$1 & DI%E>T5$1 & !N PUNI%$ AS A CRIM9AL1 !Y W\LD TURN !IR ATT5TION TO ! DUTY ( DEF5D+ HIS RI<TS & IMPROV+ HIS CONDITION1 & ( ?US /R5G!N+ HIM1 & 5ABL+ HIM TO /& ON HIS [N FEET1 & )/& ! TEMPTATIONS ?AT SURR\ND HIM1 !Y W\LD1 ,I ?9K1 HAVE LITTLE NE$ TO TALK AB\T LAWS & PRISONS = EI!R RUM-SELL]S OR RUM-DR9K]S1 OR EV5 ANY O!R CLASS ( ORD9>Y CRIM9ALS4 ,IF1 9 %ORT1 !SE M51 :O >E SO ANXI\S = ! SUPPRESSION ( CRIME1 W\LD SUSP5D1 = A :ILE1 !IR CALLS UPON ! GOV]NM5T = AID 9 SUPPRESS+ ! CRIMES ( 9DIVIDUALS1 & W\LD CALL UPON ! PEOPLE = AID 9 SUPPRESS+ ! CRIMES ( ! GOV]NM5T1 !Y W\LD %[ BO? !IR S9C]ITY & GOOD S5SE 9 A MU* /RONG] LI<T ?AN !Y DO N[4 ,:5 ! LAWS %ALL ALL BE SO JU/ & EQUITABLE AS TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE = ALL M5 & WOM5 TO LIVE HONE/LY & VIRTU\SLY1 & TO MAKE !MSELVES COM=TABLE & HAPPY1 !RE WILL BE MU* FEW] OCCASIONS ?AN N[ = *>G+ !M ) LIV+ DI%ONE/LY & VICI\SLY4 

,X,X,I4 

,BUT IT WILL BE SAID1 AGA91 ?AT ! USE ( SPIRITU\S LIQUORS T5DS TO POV]TY & ?US TO MAKE M5 PAUP]S1 & BURD5SOME TO ! TAXPAY]S2 & ?AT ?IS IS A SUFFICI5T REASON :Y ! SALE ( !M %\LD BE PROHIBIT$4 

,!RE >E V>I\S ANSW]S TO ?IS >GUM5T4 

#a4 ,ONE ANSW] IS1 ?AT IF ! FACT ?AT ! USE ( LIQUORS T5DS TO POV]TY & PAUP]ISM1 BE A SUFFICI5T REASON = PROHIBIT+ ! SALE ( !M1 IT IS EQUALLY A SUFFICI5T REASON = PROHIBIT+ ! USE ( !M2 = IT IS ! USE1 & NOT ! SALE1 ?AT T5DS TO POV]TY4 ,! SELL] IS1 AT MO/1 M]ELY AN ACCOMPLICE ( ! DR9K]4 ,& IT IS A RULE ( LAW1 AS WELL AS ( REASON1 ?AT IF ! PR9CIPAL 9 ANY ACT IS NOT PUNI%ABLE1 ! ACCOMPLICE CANNOT BE4 

#b4 ,A SECOND ANSW] TO ! >GUM5T IS1 ?AT IF GOV]NM5T HAS ! RI<T1 & IS B\ND1 TO PROHIBIT ANY ONE ACT -- ?AT IS NOT CRIM9AL -- M]ELY BECAUSE IT IS SUPPOS$ TO T5D TO POV]TY1 !N1 BY ! SAME RULE1 IT HAS ! RI<T1 & IS B\ND1 TO PROHIBIT ANY & EV]Y O!R ACT -- ?\< NOT CRIM9AL  -- :I*1 9 ! OP9ION ( ! GOV]NM5T1 T5DS TO POV]TY4 ,&1 ON ?IS PR9CIPLE1 ! GOV]NM5T W\LD NOT ONLY HAVE ! RI<T1 BUT W\LD BE B\ND1 TO LOOK 9TO EV]Y MAN'S PRIVATE AFFAIRS & EV]Y P]SON'S P]SONAL EXP5DITURES1 & DET]M9E AS TO :I* ( !M DID1 & :I* ( !M DID NOT1 T5D TO POV]TY2 & TO PROHIBIT & PUNI% ALL ( ! =M] CLASS4 ,A MAN W\LD HAVE NO RI<T TO EXP5D A C5T ( HIS [N PROP]TY1 ACCORD+ TO HIS [N PLEASURE OR JUDGM5T1 UNLESS ! LEGISLATURE %\LD BE ( ! OP9ION ?AT SU* EXP5DITURE W\LD NOT T5D TO POV]TY4 

#c4 ,A ?IRD ANSW] TO ! SAME >GUM5T IS1 ?AT IF A MAN DOES BR+ HIMSELF TO POV]TY1 & EV5 TO BEGG>Y -- EI!R BY HIS VIRTUES OR HIS VICES  -- ! GOV]NM5T IS UND] NO OBLIGATION :ATEV] TO TAKE C>E ( HIM1 UNLESS IT PLEASES TO DO SO4 ,IT MAY LET HIM P]I% 9 ! /REET1 OR DEP5D UPON PRIVATE *>ITY1 IF IT SO PLEASES4 ,IT CAN C>RY \T ITS [N FREE WILL & DISCRETION 9 ! MATT]2 = IT IS ABOVE ALL LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY 9 SU* A CASE4 ,IT IS NOT1 NECESS>ILY1 ANY P>T ( A GOV]NM5T'S DUTY TO PROVIDE = ! POOR4 ,A GOV]NM5T -- ?AT IS1 A LEGITIMATE GOV]NM5T -- IS SIMPLY A VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATION ( 9DIVIDUALS1 :O UNITE = SU* PURPOSES1 & ONLY = SU* PURPOSES1 AS SUITS !M4 ,IF TAK+ C>E ( ! POOR -- :E!R !Y BE VIRTU\S OR VICI\S -- BE NOT ONE ( ?OSE PURPOSES1 !N ! GOV]NM5T1 AS A GOV]NM5T1 HAS NO MORE RI<T1 & IS NO MORE B\ND1 TO TAKE C>E ( !M1 ?AN HAS OR IS A BANK+ COMPANY1 OR A RAILROAD COMPANY4 

,:ATEV] MORAL CLAIMS A POOR MAN -- :E!R HE BE VIRTU\S OR VICI\S -- MAY HAVE UPON ! *>ITY ( HIS FELL[-M51 HE HAS NO LEGAL CLAIMS UPON !M4 ,HE MU/ DEP5D :OLLY UPON !IR *>ITY1 IF !Y SO PLEASE4 ,HE CANNOT DEM&1 AS A LEGAL RI<T1 ?AT !Y EI!R FE$ OR CLO! HIM4 ,& HE HAS NO MORE LEGAL OR MORAL CLAIMS UPON A GOV]NM5T -- :I* IS BUT AN ASSOCIATION ( 9DIVIDUALS -- ?AN HE HAS UPON ! SAME1 OR ANY O!R 9DIVIDUALS1 9 !IR PRIVATE CAPACITY4 

,9ASMU*1 !N1 AS A POOR MAN -- :E!R VIRTU\S OR VICI\S -- HAS NO MORE OR O!R CLAIMS1 LEGAL OR MORAL1 UPON A GOV]NM5T1 = FOOD OR CLO?+1 ?AN HE HAS UPON PRIVATE P]SONS1 A GOV]NM5T HAS NO MORE RI<T ?AN A PRIVATE P]SON TO CONTROL OR PROHIBIT ! EXP5DITURES OR ACTIONS ( AN 9DIVIDUAL1 ON ! GR\ND ?AT !Y T5D TO BR+ HIM TO POV]TY4 

,MR4 ,A1 AS AN 9DIVIDUAL1 HAS CLE>LY NO RI<T TO PROHIBIT ANY ACTS OR EXP5DITURES ( ,MR4 ,Z1 ?R\< FE> ?AT SU* ACTS OR EXP5DITURES MAY T5D TO BR+ HIM 7,Z7 TO POV]TY1 & ?AT HE 7,Z7 MAY1 9 CONSEQU5CE1 AT SOME FUTURE UNKN[N TIME1 COME TO HIM 7,A7 9 DI/RESS1 & ASK *>ITY4 ,& IF ,A HAS NO SU* RI<T1 AS AN 9DIVIDUAL1 TO PROHIBIT ANY ACTS OR EXP5DITURES ON ! P>T ( ,Z1 !N GOV]NM5T1 :I* IS A M]E ASSOCIATION ( 9DIVIDUALS1 CAN HAVE NO SU* RI<T4 

,C]TA9LY NO MAN1 :O IS COMPOS M5TIS1 HOLDS HIS RI<T TO ! DISPOSAL & USE ( HIS [N PROP]TY1 BY ANY SU* WOR?LESS T5URE AS ?AT :I* W\LD AU?ORIZE ANY OR ALL ( HIS NEI<BORS -- :E!R CALL+ !MSELVES A GOV]NM5T OR NOT -- TO 9T]F]E1 & =BID HIM TO MAKE ANY EXP5DITURES1 EXCEPT SU* AS !Y MI<T ?9K W\LD NOT T5D TO POV]TY1 & W\LD NOT T5D TO EV] BR+ HIM TO !M AS A SUPPLICANT = !IR *>ITY4 

,:E!R A MAN1 :O IS COMPOS M5TIS1 COME TO POV]TY1 ?R\< HIS VIRTUES OR HIS VICES1 NO MAN1 NOR BODY ( M51 CAN HAVE ANY RI<T TO 9T]F]E ) HIM1 ON ! GR\ND ?AT !IR SYMPA?Y MAY SOME TIME BE APPEAL$ TO 9 HIS BEHALF2 BECAUSE1 IF IT %\LD BE APPEAL$ TO1 !Y >E AT P]FECT LIB]TY TO ACT !IR [N PLEASURE OR DISCRETION AS TO COMPLY+ ) HIS SOLICITATIONS4 

,?IS RI<T TO REFUSE *>ITY TO ! POOR -- :E!R ! LATT] BE VIRTU\S OR VICI\S -- IS ONE ?AT GOV]NM5TS ALWAYS ACT UPON4 ,NO GOV]NM5T MAKES ANY MORE PROVISION = ! POOR ?AN IT PLEASES4 ,AS A CONSEQU5CE1 ! POOR >E LEFT1 TO A GREAT EXT5T1 TO DEP5D UPON PRIVATE *>ITY4 ,9 FACT1 !Y >E (T5 LEFT TO SUFF] SICKNESS1 & EV5 DEA?1 BECAUSE NEI!R PUBLIC NOR PRIVATE *>ITY COMES TO !IR AID4 ,H[ ABSURD1 !N1 TO SAY ?AT GOV]NM5T HAS A RI<T TO CONTROL A MAN'S USE ( HIS [N PROP]TY1 ?R\< FE> ?AT HE MAY SOMETIME COME TO POV]TY1 & ASK *>ITY4 

#d4 ,/ILL A F\R? ANSW] TO ! >GUM5T IS1 ?AT ! GREAT & ONLY 9C5TIVE :I* EA* 9DIVIDUAL MAN HAS TO LABOR1 & TO CREATE WEAL?1 IS ?AT HE MAY DISPOSE ( IT ACCORD+ TO HIS [N PLEASURE OR DISCRETION1 & = ! PROMOTION ( HIS [N HAPP9ESS1 & ! HAPP9ESS ( ?OSE :OM HE LOVES4.<#e.> 

,AL?\< A MAN MAY (T51 FROM 9EXP]I5CE OR WANT ( JUDGM5T1 EXP5D SOME PORTION ( ! PRODUCTS ( HIS LABOR 9JUDICI\SLY1 & SO AS NOT TO PROMOTE HIS HI<E/ WELF>E1 YET HE LE>NS WISDOM 9 ?IS1 AS 9 ALL O!R MATT]S1 BY EXP]I5CE2 BY HIS MI/AKES AS WELL AS BY HIS SUCCESSES4 ,& ?IS IS ! ONLY WAY 9 :I* HE CAN LE>N WISDOM4 ,:5 HE BECOMES CONV9C$ ?AT HE HAS MADE ONE FOOLI% EXP5DITURE1 HE LE>NS !REBY NOT TO MAKE ANO!R LIKE IT4 ,& HE MU/ BE P]MITT$ TO TRY HIS [N EXP]IM5TS1 & TO TRY !M TO HIS [N SATISFACTION1 9 ?IS AS 9 ALL O!R MATT]S2 = O!RWISE HE HAS NO MOTIVE TO LABOR1 OR TO CREATE WEAL? AT ALL4 

,ANY MAN1 :O IS A MAN1 W\LD RA!R BE A SAVAGE1 & BE FREE1 CREAT+ OR PROCUR+ ONLY SU* LITTLE WEAL? AS HE C\LD CONTROL & CONSUME FROM DAY TO DAY1 ?AN TO BE A CIVILIZ$ MAN1 KN[+ H[ TO CREATE & ACCUMULATE WEAL? 9DEF9ITELY1 & YET NOT P]MITT$ TO USE OR DISPOSE ( IT1 EXCEPT UND] ! SUP]VISION1 DIRECTION1 & DICTATION ( A SET ( M$DLESOME1 SUP]S]VICEABLE FOOLS & TYRANTS1 :O1 ) NO MORE KN[L$GE ?AN HIMSELF1 & P]HAPS ) NOT HALF SO MU*1 %\LD ASSUME TO CONTROL HIM1 ON ! GR\ND ?AT HE HAD NOT ! RI<T1 OR ! CAPACITY1 TO DET]M9E = HIMSELF AS TO :AT HE W\LD DO ) ! PROCE$S ( HIS [N LABOR4 

#e4 ,A FIF? ANSW] TO ! >GUM5T IS1 ?AT IF IT BE ! DUTY ( GOV]NM5T TO WAT* OV] ! EXP5DITURES ( ANY ONE P]SON -- :O IS COMPOS M5TIS1 & NOT CRIM9AL -- TO SEE :AT ONES T5D TO POV]TY1 & :AT DO NOT1 & TO PROHIBIT & PUNI% ! =M]1 !N1 BY ! SAME RULE1 IT IS B\ND TO WAT* OV] ! EXP5DITURES ( ALL O!R P]SONS1 & PROHIBIT & PUNI% ALL ?AT1 9 ITS JUDGM5T1 T5D TO POV]TY4 

,IF SU* A PR9CIPLE W]E C>RI$ \T IMP>TIALLY1 ! RESULT W\LD BE1 ?AT ALL MANK9D W\LD BE SO OCCUPI$ 9 WAT*+ EA* O!R'S EXP5DITURES1 & 9 TE/IFY+ AGA9/1 TRY+1 & PUNI%+ SU* AS T5D$ TO POV]TY1 ?AT !Y W\LD HAVE NO TIME LEFT TO CREATE WEAL? AT ALL4 ,EV]YBODY CAPABLE ( PRODUCTIVE LABOR W\LD EI!R BE 9 PRISON1 OR BE ACT+ AS JUDGE1 JUROR1 WITNESS1 OR JAIL]4 ,IT W\LD BE IMPOSSIBLE TO CREATE C\RTS 5\< TO TRY1 OR TO BUILD PRISONS 5\< TO HOLD1 ! (F5D]S4 ,ALL PRODUCTIVE LABOR W\LD CEASE2 & ! FOOLS ?AT W]E SO 9T5T ON PREV5T+ POV]TY1 W\LD NOT ONLY ALL COME TO POV]TY1 IMPRISONM5T1 & />VATION !MSELVES1 BUT W\LD BR+ EV]YBODY ELSE TO POV]TY1 IMPRISONM5T1 & />VATION4 

#f4 ,IF IT BE SAID ?AT A MAN MAY1 AT LEA/1 BE RI<TFULLY COMPELL$ TO SUPPORT HIS FAMILY1 &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 TO AB/A9 FROM ALL EXP5DITURES ?AT1 9 ! OP9ION ( ! GOV]NM5T1 T5D TO DISABLE HIM TO P]=M ?AT DUTY1 V>I\S ANSW]S MI<T BE GIV54 ,BUT ?IS ONE IS SUFFICI5T1 VIZ43 ?AT NO MAN1 UNLESS A FOOL OR A SLAVE1 W\LD ACKN[L$GE ANY FAMILY TO BE HIS1 IF ?AT ACKN[L$GM5T W]E TO BE MADE AN EXCUSE1 BY ! GOV]NM5T1 = DEPRIV+ HIM1 EI!R ( HIS P]SONAL LIB]TY1 OR ! CONTROL ( HIS PROP]TY4 

,:5 A MAN IS ALL[$ HIS NATURAL LIB]TY1 & ! CONTROL ( HIS PROP]TY1 HIS FAMILY IS USUALLY1 ALMO/ UNIV]SALLY1 ! GREAT P>AM\NT OBJECT ( HIS PRIDE & AFFECTION2 & HE WILL1 NOT ONLY VOLUNT>ILY1 BUT AS HIS HI<E/ PLEASURE1 EMPLOY HIS BE/ P[]S ( M9D & BODY1 NOT M]ELY TO PROVIDE = !M ! ORD9>Y NECESS>IES & COM=TS ( LIFE1 BUT TO LAVI% UPON !M ALL ! LUXURIES & ELEGANCIES ?AT HIS LABOR CAN PROCURE4 

,A MAN 5T]S 9TO NO MORAL OR LEGAL OBLIGATION ) HIS WIFE OR *ILDR5 TO DO ANY?+ = !M1 EXCEPT :AT HE CAN DO CONSI/5TLY ) HIS [N P]SONAL FRE$OM1 & HIS NATURAL RI<T TO CONTROL HIS [N PROP]TY AT HIS [N DISCRETION4 

,IF A GOV]NM5T CAN /EP 9 & SAY TO A MAN -- :O IS COMPOS M5TIS1 & :O IS DO+ HIS DUTY TO HIS FAMILY1 AS HE SEES HIS DUTY1 & ACCORD+ TO HIS BE/ JUDGM5T1 H[EV] IMP]FECT ?AT MAY BE -- 0,WE 7! GOV]NM5T7 SUSPECT ?AT Y\ >E NOT EMPLOY+ Y\R LABOR TO ! BE/ ADVANTAGE = Y\R FAMILY2 WE SUSPECT ?AT Y\R EXP5DITURES1 & Y\R DISPOSAL ( Y\R PROP]TY1 >E NOT SO JUDICI\S AS !Y MI<T BE1 = ! 9T]E/ ( Y\R FAMILY2 & !RE=E WE 7! GOV]NM5T7 WILL TAKE Y\ & Y\R PROP]TY UND] \R SPECIAL SURVEILLANCE1 & PRESCRIBE TO Y\ :AT Y\ MAY1 & MAY NOT DO1 ) Y\RSELF & Y\R PROP]TY2 & Y\R FAMILY %ALL H]EAFT] LOOK TO US 7! GOV]NM5T71 & NOT TO Y\1 = SUPPORT0 -- IF A GOV]NM5T CAN DO ?IS1 ALL A MAN'S PRIDE1 AMBITION1 & AFFECTION1 RELATIVE TO ?IS FAMILY1 W\LD BE CRU%$1 SO F> AS IT W\LD BE POSSIBLE = HUMAN TYRANNY TO CRU% !M2 & HE W\LD EI!R NEV] HAVE A FAMILY 7:OM HE W\LD PUBLICLY ACKN[L$GE TO BE HIS71 OR HE W\LD RISK BO? HIS PROP]TY & HIS LIFE 9 OV]?R[+ SU* AN 9SULT+1 \TRAGE\S1 & 9SUFF]ABLE TYRANNY4 ,& ANY WOMAN :O W\LD WI% H] HUSB& -- HE BE+ COMPOS M5TIS - -- TO SUBMIT TO SU* AN UNNATURAL 9SULT & WRONG1 IS UTT]LY UNDES]V+ ( HIS AFFECTION1 OR ( ANY?+ BUT HIS DISGU/ & CONTEMPT4 ,& HE W\LD PROBABLY V]Y SOON CAUSE H] TO UND]/& ?AT1 IF %E *OSE TO RELY ON ! GOV]NM5T1 = ! SUPPORT ( H]SELF & H] *ILDR51 RA!R ?AN ON HIM1 %E MU/ RELY ON ! GOV]NM5T ALONE4 

,X,X,I,I4 

,/ILL ANO!R & ALL-SUFFICI5T ANSW] TO ! >GUM5T ?AT ! USE ( SPIRITU\S LIQUORS T5DS TO POV]TY1 IS ?AT1 AS A G5]AL RULE1 IT PUTS ! EFFECT BE=E ! CAUSE4 ,IT ASSUMES ?AT IT IS ! USE ( ! LIQUORS ?AT CAUSES ! POV]TY1 9/EAD ( ITS BE+ ! POV]TY ?AT CAUSES ! USE ( ! LIQUORS4 

,POV]TY IS ! NATURAL P>5T ( NE>LY ALL ! IGNORANCE1 VICE1 CRIME1 & MIS]Y !RE >E 9 ! WORLD4.<#f.> ,:Y IS IT ?AT SO L>GE A PORTION ( ! LABOR+ PEOPLE ( ,5GL& >E DRUNK5 & VICI\S8 ,C]TA9LY NOT BECAUSE !Y >E BY NATURE ANY WORSE ?AN O!R M54 ,BUT IT IS BECAUSE1 !IR EXTREME & HOPELESS POV]TY KEEPS !M 9 IGNORANCE & S]VITUDE1 DE/ROYS !IR C\RAGE & SELF-RESPECT1 SUBJECTS !M TO SU* CON/ANT 9SULTS & WRONGS1 TO SU* 9CESSANT & BITT] MIS]IES ( EV]Y K9D1 & F9ALLY DRIVES !M TO SU* DESPAIR1 ?AT ! %ORT RESPITE ?AT DR9K OR O!R VICE AF=DS !M1 IS1 = ! TIME BE+1 A RELIEF4 ,?IS IS ! *IEF CAUSE ( ! DRUNK5NESS & O!R VICES ?AT PREVAIL AMONG ! LABOR+ PEOPLE ( ,5GL&4 

,IF ?OSE LABOR]S ( ,5GL&1 :O >E N[ DRUNK5 & VICI\S1 HAD HAD ! SAME *ANCES & SURR\ND+S 9 LIFE AS ! MORE =TUNATE CLASSES HAVE HAD2 IF !Y HAD BE5 RE>$ 9 COM=TABLE1 & HAPPY1 & VIRTU\S HOMES1 9/EAD ( SQUALID1 & WRET*$1 & VICI\S ONES2 IF !Y HAD HAD OPPORTUNITIES TO ACQUIRE KN[L$GE & PROP]TY1 & MAKE !MSELVES 9TELLIG5T1 COM=TABLE1 HAPPY1 9DEP5D5T1 & RESPECT$1 & TO SECURE TO !MSELVES ALL ! 9TELLECTUAL1 SOCIAL1 & DOME/IC 5JOYM5TS :I* HONE/ & JU/LY REW>D$ 9DU/RY C\LD 5ABLE !M TO SECURE -- IF !Y C\LD HAVE HAD ALL ?IS1 9/EAD ( BE+ BORN TO A LIFE ( HOPELESS1 UNREW>D$ TOIL1 ) A C]TA9TY ( DEA? 9 ! WORKH\SE1 !Y W\LD HAVE BE5 AS FREE FROM !IR PRES5T VICES & WEAKNESSES AS ?OSE :O REPROA* !M N[ >E4 

,IT IS ( NO USE TO SAY ?AT DRUNK5NESS1 OR ANY O!R VICE1 ONLY ADDS TO !IR MIS]IES2 = SU* IS HUMAN NATURE -- ! WEAKNESS ( HUMAN NATURE1 IF Y\ PLEASE -- ?AT M5 CAN 5DURE BUT A C]TA9 AM\NT ( MIS]Y1 BE=E !IR HOPE & C\RAGE FAIL1 & !Y YIELD TO ALMO/ ANY?+ ?AT PROMISES PRES5T RELIEF OR MITIGATION2 ?\< AT ! CO/ ( /ILL GREAT] MIS]Y 9 ! FUTURE4 ,TO PREA* MORALITY OR TEMP]ANCE TO SU* WRET*$ P]SONS1 9/EAD ( RELIEV+ !IR SUFF]+S1 OR IMPROV+ !IR CONDITIONS1 IS ONLY 9SULT+ !IR WRET*$NESS4 

,WILL ?OSE :O >E 9 ! HABIT ( ATTRIBUT+ M5'S POV]TY TO !IR VICES1 9/EAD ( !IR VICES TO !IR POV]TY -- AS IF EV]Y POOR P]SON1 OR MO/ POOR P]SONS1 W]E SPECIALLY VICI\S -- TELL US :E!R ALL ! POV]TY )9 ! LA/ YE> & A HALF .<#g.> HAVE BE5 BR\<T SO SUDD5LY -- AS IT W]E 9 A MOM5T -- UPON AT LEA/ TW5TY MILLIONS ( ! PEOPLE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES1 W]E BR\<T UPON !M AS A NATURAL CONSEQU5CE1 EI!R ( !IR DRUNK5NESS1 OR ( ANY O!R ( !IR VICES8 ,WAS IT !IR DRUNK5NESS1 OR ANY O!R ( !IR VICES1 ?AT P>ALYZ$1 AS BY A /ROKE ( LI<TN+1 ALL ! 9DU/RIES BY :I* !Y LIV$1 & :I* HAD1 BUT A FEW DAYS BE=E1 BE5 9 SU* PROSP]\S ACTIVITY8 ,WAS IT !IR VICES ?AT TURN$ ! ADULT PORTION ( ?OSE TW5TY MILLIONS \T ( DOORS )\T EMPLOYM5T1 COMPELL$ !M TO CONSUME !IR LITTLE ACCUMULATIONS1 IF !Y HAD ANY1 & !N TO BECOME BEGG>S -- BEGG>S = WORK1 &1 FAIL+ 9 ?IS1 BEGG>S = BREAD8 ,WAS IT !IR VICES ?AT1 ALL AT ONCE1 & )\T W>N+1 FILL$ ! HOMES ( SO MANY ( !M ) WANT1 MIS]Y1 SICKNESS1 & DEA?8 ,NO4 ,CLE>LY IT WAS NEI!R ! DRUNK5NESS1 NOR ANY O!R VICES1 ( !SE LABOR+ PEOPLE1 ?AT BR\<T UPON !M ALL ?IS RU9 & WRET*$NESS4 ,& IF IT WAS NOT1 :AT WAS IT8 

,?IS IS ! PROBLEM ?AT MU/ BE ANSW]$2 = IT IS ONE ?AT IS REPEAT$LY OCCURR+1 & CON/ANTLY BE=E US1 & ?AT CANNOT BE PUT ASIDE4 

,9 FACT1 ! POV]TY ( ! GREAT BODY ( MANK9D1 ! WORLD OV]1 IS ! GREAT PROBLEM ( ! WORLD4 ,?AT SU* EXTREME & NE>LY UNIV]SAL POV]TY EXI/S ALL OV] ! WORLD1 & HAS EXI/$ ?R\< ALL PA/ G5]ATIONS1 PROVES ?AT IT ORIG9ATES 9 CAUSES :I* ! COMMON HUMAN NATURE ( ?OSE :O SUFF] FROM IT1 HAS NOT HI!RTO BE5 /RONG 5\< TO OV]COME4 ,BUT !SE SUFF]]S >E1 AT LEA/1 BEG9N+ TO SEE !SE CAUSES1 & >E BECOM+ RESOLUTE TO REMOVE !M1 LET IT CO/ :AT IT MAY4 ,& ?OSE :O IMAG9E ?AT !Y HAVE NO?+ TO DO BUT TO GO ON ATTRIBUT+ ! POV]TY ( ! POOR TO !IR VICES1 & PREA*+ TO !M AGA9/ !IR VICES1 WILL ]E LONG WAKE UP TO F9D ?AT ! DAY = ALL SU* TALK IS PA/4 ,& ! QUE/ION WILL !N BE1 NOT :AT >E M5'S VICES1 BUT :AT >E !IR RI<TS8 

  

.<#a.> ,TO GIVE AN 9SANE MAN A KNIFE1 OR O!R WEAPON1 OR ?+1 BY :I* HE IS LIKELY TO 9JURE HIMSELF1 IS A CRIME4 

.<#b.> ,! /ATUTE BOOK ( ,MASSA*USETTS MAKES T5 YE>S ! AGE AT :I* A FEMALE *ILD IS SUPPOS$ TO HAVE DISCRETION 5\< TO P>T ) VIRTUE4 ,BUT ! SAME /ATUTE BOOK HOLDS ?AT NO P]SON1 MAN OR WOMAN1 ( ANY AGE1 OR ANY DEGREE ( WISDOM OR EXP]I5CE1 HAS DISCRETION TO BE TRU/$ TO BUY & DR9K A GLASS ( SPIRITS1 ON HIS OR H] [N ,JUDGM5T6 ,:AT AN ILLU/RATION ( ! LEGISLATIVE WISDOM ( ,MASSA*USETTS6 

.<#c.> ,CATO COMMITT$ SUICIDE TO AVOID FALL+ 9TO ! H&S ( ,CES>4 ,:O EV] SUSPECT$ ?AT HE WAS 9SANE8 ,BRUTUS DID ! SAME4 ,COLT COMMITT$ SUICIDE ONLY AN H\R OR SO BE=E HE WAS TO BE HANG$4 ,HE DID IT TO AVOID BR++ UPON HIS NAME & HIS FAMILY ! DISGRACE ( HAV+ IT SAID ?AT HE WAS HANG$4 ,?IS1 :E!R A WISE ACT OR NOT1 WAS CLE>LY AN ACT )9 REASONABLE DISCRETION4 ,DOES ANY ONE SUPPOSE ?AT ! P]SON :O FURNI%$ HIM ) ! NECESS>Y 9/RUM5T WAS A CRIM9AL8 

.<#d.> ,AN ILLU/RATION ( ?IS FACT IS F\ND 9 ,5GL&1 :OSE GOV]NM5T1 = A ?\S& YE>S & MORE1 HAS BE5 LITTLE OR NO?+ ELSE ?AN A B& ( ROBB]S1 :O HAVE CONSPIR$ TO MONOPOLIZE ! L&1 &1 AS F> AS POSSIBLE1 ALL O!R WEAL?4 ,!SE CONSPIRATORS1 CALL+ !MSELVES K+S1 NOBLES1 & FREEHOLD]S1 HAVE1 BY =CE & FRAUD1 TAK5 TO !MSELVES ALL CIVIL & ,MILIT>Y P[]2 !Y KEEP !MSELVES 9 P[] SOLELY BY =CE & FRAUD1 & ! CORRUPT USE ( !IR WEAL?2 & !Y EMPLOY !IR P[] SOLELY 9 ROBB+ & 5SLAV+ ! GREAT BODY ( !IR [N PEOPLE1 & 9 PLUND]+ & 5SLAV+ O!R PEOPLES4 ,& ! WORLD HAS BE51 & N[ IS1 FULL ( EXAMPLES SUB/ANTIALLY SIMIL>4 ,& ! GOV]NM5TS ( \R [N C\NTRY DO NOT DIFF] SO WIDELY FROM O!RS1 9 ?IS RESPECT1 AS SOME ( US IMAG9E4 

.<#e.> ,IT IS TO ?IS 9C5TIVE ALONE ?AT WE >E 9DEBT$ = ALL ! WEAL? ?AT HAS EV] BE5 CREAT$ BY HUMAN LABOR1 & ACCUMULAT$ = ! B5EFIT ( MANK9D4 

.<#f.> ,EXCEPT ?OSE GREAT CRIMES1 :I* ! FEW1 CALL+ !MSELVES GOV]NM5TS1 PRACTICE UPON ! MANY1 BY MEANS ( ORGANIZ$1 SY/EMATIC EXTORTION & TYRANNY4 ,& IT IS ONLY ! POV]TY1 IGNORANCE1 & CONSEQU5T WEAKNESS ( ! MANY1 ?AT 5ABLE ! COMB9$ & ORGANIZ$ FEW TO ACQUIRE & MA9TA9 SU* >BITR>Y P[] OV] !M4 

.<#g.> ,?AT IS1 FROM ,SEPTEMB] #a1 #a#h#g#c1 TO ,M>* #a1 #a#h#g#e4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahgd 3 ,VICES ,>E ,NOT ,CRIMES -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JULY #b#a1 #bai 3 ,VICES ,>E ,NOT ,CRIMES -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,VICES ,>E ,NOT ,CRIMES -- ,UPDAT$4 

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