,UND] ! ,BIG ,T5T 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CRIME?,9C4 

,TEXT 3 

,OV] ?REE HUNDR$ PEOPLE P>TICIPAT$ 9 ?IS SUMM]'S ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE1 P]HAPS ONE & A HALF TIMES ! ATT5DANCE ( LA/ YE>'S4 ,! TWO & A HALF DAYS SET ASIDE = WORK%OPS W]E NOT 5\< TO ACCOMMODATE ALL ! WORK%OPS P>TICIPANTS HOP$ TO PRES5T1 EV5 ) F\R SESSIONS A DAY & FIVE RUNN+ AT A TIME4 ,9 A MATT] ( DAYS1 AN OV]GR[N TANGLE ( WILD]NESS ?AT HAD BE5 AB&ON$ = TW5TY-ODD YE>S BECAME A FULLY-FUNCTION+ CAMPSITE CAPABLE ( HO/+ WORK%OPS1 COOK+1 A FULL-TIME >TS & CRAFTS C5T]1 & A WALK-9 'Z9E LIBR>Y & PRISON] SUPPORT /ATION EV5 9 ! MID/ ( 9T5SE RA9/ORMS4 ,EV]YONE HAD ACCESS TO CAMP+ SPACE1 ?REE HEAL?Y MEALS A DAY1 COMPREH5SIVE HEAL? C>E1 NON/OP $UCATIONAL & 5T]TA9M5T ACTIVITIES1 & GREAT QUANTITIES ( FREE LIT]ATURE )\T ANY REGI/RATION FEES OR M&ATORY WORK4 ,&--TO (F] A S+LE 9SPIR+ ANECDOTE--PEOPLE :O ATT5D$ A WORK%OP ON BREAK+ \T ( POLICE HOLDS SUCCESSFULLY US$ ?IS SKILL TO ESCAPE >RE/ DUR+ ! CELEBRATORY P>ADE AT ! CLIMAX ( ! CONV]G5CE4 

,CLE>LY1 PEOPLE >E 9T]E/$ 9 ! AN>*I/ ALT]NATIVE2 CLE>LY1 ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE HAS BECOME A SUCCESSFUL MODEL ( :AT ONE AN>*I/ PUNDIT UNAMBITI\SLY DUBB$ ! ,TEMPOR>Y ,AUTONOM\S ,ZONE4 

,:5 SOME?+ REA*ES A C]TA9 LEVEL ( SUCCESS1 IT'S NO LONG] NECESS>Y OR HELPFUL TO *E]LEAD = IT4 ,TO GET ANY:]E1 WE MU/ BEG9 FROM ! PREMISE ?AT ?IS SUMM]'S CONV]G5CE WAS A FAILURE1 ALBEIT A FAILURE ?AT C\LD BE IMPROV$ UPON4 ,:AT C\LD BE MORE DEFEATI/ ?AN TO REG>D ANY AN>*I/ PROJECT AS A SUCCESS ) NO POT5TIAL = IMPROVEM5T1 :5 ! AN>*I/ /RUGGLE HAS SO F> TO GO 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA8 

,9 ?AT SPIRIT1 WE PRES5T ! FOLL[+ DISCUSSION QUE/IONS1 FOCUS+ PRIM>ILY ON ! MO/ PROBLEMATIC & CONTROV]SIAL ASPECTS ( ! CONV]G5CE4 ,?OSE :O WI% TO READ MORE AB\T ! BASIC =MAT ( ! CONV]G5CE %\LD CONSULT ! REPORT FROM ! ONE LA/ SUMM]4 

,MASS 

  

,9 ,CR[DS & ,P[]1 ,ELIAS ,CANETTI >GUES ?AT ! MO/ ESS5TIAL *>ACT]I/IC ( ! CR[D IS ?AT IT ALWAYS WANTS TO GR[4 ,IMM$IATELY BE=E ! CONV]G5CE1 ,I ATT5D$ A FAMILY REUNION2 AS EA* C>LOAD ( RELATIVES >RIV$1 PEOPLE COMM5T$ APPROV+LY ON H[ MANY MORE W]E COM+ & H[ BIG ! FAMILY WAS4 ,AN>*I/S & O!R EVANGELI/S RATIONALIZE !IR DESIRE = MASS AS A MATT] ( NECESSITY 9 ! /RUGGLE TO *ANGE ! WORLD1 BUT GR[? = ITS [N SAKE (F]S NO GU>ANTEE ( IMPROV$ EFFECTIV5ESS OR 9CREAS$ FRE$OM4 ,AT ! FIR/ ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE1 9 #b#b1 !RE W]E FEW 5\< PEOPLE PRES5T ?AT A MAJORITY ( ! P>TICIPANTS GOT TO KN[ EA* O!R OV] ! C\RSE ( ! WEEK2 9 ,A!NS1 IT WAS EASY = ANYONE TO REMA9 ANONYM\S 9 ! MASS4 ,! GREAT] ! NUMB] ( PEOPLE 9 A SPACE1 ! FEW] NEW BONDS T5D TO BE =G$4 

,AT ! SAME TIME1 ONE CAN H>DLY SAY !RE >E 5\< SPACES 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA 9 :I* EV5 MODE/ NUMB]S ( PEOPLE CAN COME TOGE!R TO DISCUSS & EXP]IM5T ) AN>*I/ MODELS4 ,IF PEOPLE >E TURN+ \T TO ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE 9 GREAT] & GREAT] NUMB]S1 DOES ?IS MEAN ?AT ! CONV]G5CE MU/ TAKE ON ! ROLE ( BE+ ONE ( ! PRIM>Y NATIONWIDE AN>*I/ GA!R+S8#a ,H[ DO WE MA9TA9 AN ATMOSPH]E ( 9TIMACY & 9=MAL P>TICIPATION :ILE ADJU/+ TO FILL ?IS ROLE8 ,H[ DO WE CREATE A SPACE ?AT SUITS EV]YONE1 :5 PEOPLE >E >RIV+ ) AN 9CREAS+LY DIV]SE RANGE ( EXP]I5CES1 EXPECTATIONS1 & NE$S8 

,ON ! O!R H&1 :AT IF IT PROVES IMPOSSIBLE = ! CONV]G5CE TO S]VE ITS CURR5T FUNCTION AS ATT5DANCE 9CREASES8 ,IF ?AT IS ! CASE1 %\LD WE DISC\RAGE PEOPLE FROM ATT5D+8 ,%\LD WE HOLD CONV]G5CES 9 MORE REMOTE LOCATIONS1 OR CONV]G5CES FOCUS$ ON SPECIFIC TOPICS1 OR MULTIPLE SIMULTANE\S REGIONAL CONV]G5CES8 

,E?NICITY & ,AGE 

  

,!RE W]E A LOT ( PEOPLE AT ! CONV]G5CE1 COM+ FROM A MODE/ >RAY ( SUBCULTURES1 & AMONG !SE PEOPLE ONE C\LD F9D A RANGE ( CLASS BACKGR\NDS & RELATION%IPS TO G5D]4 ,BUT ! P>TICIPANTS W]E OV]:ELM+LY :ITE4 ,LA/ SUMM]1 AN>*I/ PEOPLE ( COLOR W]E ACTUALLY DISPROPORTIONATELY REPRES5T$ 9 ORGANIZATIONAL ROLES--BUT ?IS DOESN'T SEEM TO HAVE RESULT$ 9 MORE G5]AL ATT5DANCE BY PEOPLE ( COLOR4 

,IS ! ,CRIME?,9C4 PROJECT MORE RELEVANT TO PEOPLE COM+ FROM A PR$OM9ANTLY :ITE CULTURAL CONTEXT8 ,IF FUTURE CONV]G5CES ATTRACT PR$OM9ANTLY :ITE FOLKS1 CAN !Y /ILL CONTRIBUTE TO MOM5TUM T[>DS MULTI-E?NIC RESI/ANCE & SOLID>ITY--& IF SO1 H[8 ,IF FUTURE CONV]G5CES ATTRACT PR$OM9ANTLY :ITE FOLKS1 CAN !Y BE COM=TABLE SPACES = FOLKS ( COLOR & FULFILL+ SPACES = O!RS8 ,%\LD ?OSE 9VOLV$ 9 ,CRIME?,9C4 PROJECTS DEF] TO ! ANALYSIS & APPROA* ( EXI/+ ANTI-OPPRESSION GR\PS SU* AS ! ,CATALY/ ,PROJECT1 OR DEVELOP !IR [N8 

,! O!R SIGNIFICANT ABS5CE ( DIV]SITY WAS 9 AGE1 & ?IS WAS ALL ! MORE GL>+ AN ISSUE 9 ?AT MANY P>TICIPANTS 9 E>LI] CONV]G5CES W]E NO:]E TO BE SE54 ,>E Y\NG PEOPLE REALLY MORE PRONE TO REVOLUTION>Y COMMITM5TS ?AN OLD] PEOPLE8 ,:AT DOES IT TAKE = A P]SON TO MA9TA9 9VOLVEM5T 9 RADICAL PROJECTS ACROSS DECADES8 ,:AT CAN O!RS DO TO SUPPORT & 5C\RAGE ?IS8 ,H[ MANY OLD] PEOPLE >E COMMITT$ TO REVOLUTION>Y /RUGGLE BUT *OOSE NOT TO ATT5D CONV]G5CES8 ,H[ CAN :AT HAPP5S AT ! CONV]G5CE BE CONNECT$ TO !M & !IR EF=TS8 

,SPECIALIZATION 

  

,! E>LIE/ ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CES W]E *>ACT]IZ$ BY EXTREMELY 9=MAL 9FRA/RUCTURES3 AT ANY TIME1 ANYONE MI<T F9D HIMSELF OR H]SELF DIGG+ A FIRE PIT OR P]=M+ = EV]YONE4 ,?IS SUMM]1 [+ TO ! GREAT NUMB]S ( PEOPLE 9VOLV$1 ! 9FRA/RUCTURE WAS MU* MORE RIGIDLY ORGANIZ$3 ONE COMMITTEE S*$UL$ WORK%OPS1 ANO!R MA9TA9$ SECURITY %IFTS1 YET ANO!R ESPECIALLY DISCIPL9$ GR\P ORGANIZ$ ! KIT*5--:I* WAS F> & AWAY ! MO/ IMPRESSIVE MOBILE FREE FOOD KIT*5 ,I'D SE5 S9CE ! ,MIAMI ,F,T,A,A PROTE/S ( #b#c4 ,AT E>LI] CONV]G5CES1 EA* P]SON WA%$ HIS OR H] [N DI%2 AT ?IS ONE1 A CRACK TEAM HEAD$ UP BY ONE DET]M9$ 9DIVIDUAL :O NEV] LEFT ! KIT*5 >EA WA%$ EV]YONE'S DI%ES4 ,!RE WAS A QU>T]MA/] KEEP+ UP ) ALL ! TOOLS & SUPPLIES1 A CONFLICT M$IATION TEAM1 A P]SON RESPONSIBLE = MA9TA9+ ! FREE LIT]ATURE >EA4 ,LOOK+ >\ND AT ! CAMPSITE1 IT WAS EASY TO IMAG9E ?AT WE C\LD REORGANIZE SOCIETY ALONG AN>*I/ L9ES--BUT P]HAPS NOT AS EASY = FIR/-TIME P>TICIPANTS TO IMAG9E ?AT !Y C\LD ORGANIZE SOME?+ SIMIL> !MSELVES4 ,! ORGANIZ+ MODEL = ?IS CONV]G5CE WAS BAS$ ON BOTTOML9+--AN 9DIVIDUAL OR TEAM VOLUNTE]$ TO H&LE EA* TASK1 SWE>+ TO TAKE C>E ( IT COME HELL OR HI< WAT]4 ,?IS MODEL 5ABLES ORGANIZ]S ) CONTROL ISSUES TO /OP WORRY+ AB\T ASPECTS ( ! ORGANIZ+ O!R ?AN ! ONES !Y *OOSE TO TAKE ON--BUT DOES IT ALSO UND]M9E ! P>TICIPATORY 5VIRONM5T ?AT WAS SO 9TEGRAL TO ! *>M ( ! FIR/ ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CES8 

,ONE NI<T1 AFT] A P]=MANCE ( A SELECTION FROM ,H[>D ,Z9N'S ,EMMA1 A FIRE DANC+ TR\PE PUT ON AN IMPRESSIVE %[4 ,! PLAY HAD BE5 CA/ & PRACTIC$ DUR+ ! CONV]G5CE1 & HAD ALL ! URG5CY & W9SOME AWKW>DNESS ( A BR& NEW PROJECT1 BUT ! FIRE DANC]S W]E CLE>LY EXP]I5C$ 9 !IR FIELD4 ,SOMEONE :O HAD BE5 9VOLV$ 9 ! ORGANIZ+ ( ! FIR/ CONV]G5CE PO9T$ \T ?AT1 :ILE EV]YONE AT ?AT CONV]G5CE TOOK A TURN 9 ! SPOTLI<T1 9 ?IS CASE WE W]E BASICALLY A BUN* ( SPECTATORS WAT*+ A SMALL TEAM ( PR(ESSIONALS4 ,H[ DO WE DEC5TRALIZE ATT5TION1 OR AT LEA/ ACCESS & FEEL+S ( 5TITLEM5T TO ATT5TION8 ,W\LD WE B5EFIT FROM MORE /RUCTURE1 OR LESS8 

,AT ! DEBRIEF DISCUSSION AT ! 5D ( ! CONV]G5CE1 SOME ORGANIZ]S EXPRESS$ CONC]N AB\T H[ MU* ( ! 9FRA/RUCTURAL WORK HAD BE5 DONE BY A SMALL PROPORTION ( ! P>TICIPANTS4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 !SE 09SID]S0 TOTALLY DOM9AT$ ?IS PHASE ( ! DISCUSSION6 ,H[ CAN ORGANIZATIONAL WORK BE MORE WIDELY DI/RIBUT$1 ALONG ) P]SONAL 9ITIATIVE ITSELF8 

,! ,FE/IVAL AS ,CLI*E 444 & AS ,NI<TM>E 

  

,TO :AT EXT5T DO ! PEOPLE :O >E FREE TO DROP EV]Y?+ = A WEEK TO GO CAMP \T HALFWAY ACROSS ! C\NTRY REPRES5T ! DEMOGRAPHICS ?AT ACTUALLY READ & MAKE USE ( ,CRIME?,9C4 MAT]IAL8 ,EV]YONE :O IS 9VE/$ 9 ,CRIME?,9C4 PROJECTS KN[S O!RS :O >E SIMIL>LY 9VE/$ BUT W\LD NEV] COME TO A CONV]G5CE4 ,TO :AT EXT5T DOES ! CURR5T =MAT ( ! CONV]G5CE BR+ \T PEOPLE :O LIKE CAMP+ & WORK%OPS MORE ?AN PEOPLE :O >E COMMITT$ TO ,CRIME?,9C4 PROJECTS8 ,H[ CAN ,CRIME?,9C4 AG5TS :O >E UNWILL+ OR UNABLE TO ATT5D ! ANNUAL CONV]G5CE UND]TAKE O!R EXP]IM5TS ?AT FILL SIMIL> ROLES8 

,>E !RE O!R POSSIBLE =MATS = ! CONV]G5CE8 ,IF IT TOOK PLACE 9 AN URBAN SETT+1 = EXAMPLE1 W\LD ! UBIQUITY ( CAPITALI/ CONSUM] CULTURE 9EVITABLY UND]M9E ! POSSIBILITY ( AN ATMOSPH]E ( AUTONOMY8 

,AS IT HAS ATTRACT$ MORE P>TICIPANTS & SOLIDIFI$ 9TO A SET =MAT1 ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE HAS TAK5 ON PRON\NC$ SIMIL>ITIES TO O!R EV5TS4 ,LIKE ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF]5CE ON ,ORGANIZ$ ,RESI/ANCE1 IT FEATURES TWO FULL DAYS ( WORK%OPS2 LIKE ! ,E>? ,FIR/6 R5DEZV\S1 IT 9VOLVES CAMP+ \T 9 A RU/IC SETT+2 LIKE ANY ROCK FE/IVAL OR Y\? CULTURE EV5T1 ! PREMISE IS ?AT PEOPLE ( A M9ORITY P]SUASION :O >E US$ TO BE+ DIFFUS$ ?R\<\T SOCIETY SP5D A %ORT1 9T5SE P]IOD ( TIME TOGE!R4 ,ANY?+ ?AT FALLS 9TO A RECOGNIZABLE CATEGORY 9EVITABLY ABSORBS ! 9]TIA ASSOCIAT$ ) EXI/+ EXAMPLES ( ?AT CATEGORY1 & ! CONV]G5CE IS NO EXCEPTION4 

,TO GAUGE ! DANG]S POS$ BY ?AT 9]TIA1 LET'S EXAM9E ! SUBCULTURAL FE/IVAL AS A PH5OM5ON4 ,!SE FE/IVALS >E *>ACT]IZ$ BY ! >TIFICIAL & TEMPOR>Y E/ABLI%M5T ( A COMMUNITY COMPRIS$ ( PEOPLE ( A S+LE DEMOGRAPHIC4 ,9 SOME 9/ANCES !Y >E REG>D$--UNCONSCI\SLY OR SELF-CONSCI\SLY--AS MODELS = AN ALT]NATE SOCIETY1 AN ABSURD PRET5SION CONSID]+ !IR HOMOG5EITY4 ,IT CAN BE AN 9T5SELY DEMORALIZ+ EXP]I5CE = A BUN* ( ISOLAT$ REBELS :O >E US$ TO DEF9+ !MSELVES BY !IR DIFF]5CES FROM O!RS TO SP5D A LOT ( TIME TOGE!R4 ,)\T ! O!RS AGA9/ :OM !Y HAVE CONTRA/$ !MSELVES1 !Y MAY FEEL !IR P]SONAL REBELLIONS HAVE LO/ !IR SPECIAL MEAN+--& IF ! >TIFICIAL SOCIETY !Y COMPRISE BE>S ANY SIMIL>ITIES TO ! L>G] SOCIETY !Y OPPOSE1 ?AT UND]M9ES ! DE>LY HELD FAI? ?AT 0IF ONLY !RE W]E MORE ( US0 ?+S W\LD BE BETT]4 

,ONE MI<T >GUE ?AT ! PREVAL5CE ( ! SUBCULTURAL FE/IVAL AT ?IS JUNCTURE 9 HI/ORY IS SIMPLY A MANIFE/ATION ( ! DE/RUCTION ( SPATIALLY-BAS$ LONG-T]M COMMUNITIES4 ,:5 PEOPLE >RIVE AT ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+1 ONE ( ! LONGE/-RUNN+ & MO/ WIDELY ATT5D$ SUBCULTURAL GA!R+S1 !Y >E GREET$ ) ! WORDS 0,WELCOME HOME0--AN IRONIC GREET+1 GIV5 ?AT !Y >E1 SPATIALLY SPEAK+1 ANY:]E BUT HOME4 ,MI<T ONE COMP>E ALL !SE :ITE PEOPLE TROMP+ FROM CITIES & SUBURBS 9TO ! LA/ FRAGILE =E/S 9 SE>* ( 0HOME0 TO ! :ITE PEOPLE :O G5TRIFY NEI<BORHOODS1 OR ! :ITE PEOPLE :O BR\<T ! SC\RGE ( ,WE/]N CIVILIZATION TO ,NOR? ,AM]ICA AS REFUGEES FROM ,EUROPE8 ,H[ >E WE TO MAKE ANY SPACE 9TO HOME1 ANYWAY1 IF WE >E P]PETUALLY GALLIVANT+ FROM ONE TEMPOR>Y COMMUNITY TO ANO!R8 ,LIKE ANY EPIDEMIC1 ALI5ATION PROLIF]ATES BY MEANS ( ITS VICTIMS' ATTEMPTS TO ESCAPE IT4 ,>E SUBCULTURAL FE/IVALS1 GA!R+S1 & CONV]G5CES SIMPLY ANO!R =M ( ?IS DE/RUCTIVE FLI<T ?AT WRECKS EXACTLY ?AT :I* IT SEEKS8 

,GRANT$ ?AT ! PREC$+ TWO P>AGRAPHS \TL9E A VISION ( HELL--H[ CAN ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE RESI/ ! T5D5CY = ANY EV5T OR SOCIAL GR\P TO REV]T TO DEFAULT SETT+ AS SOON AS IT BECOMES A KN[N QUANTITY8 ,H[ CAN WE OV]COME ! 9]TIA BR\<T TO ! CONV]G5CE BY P>TICIPANTS FAMILI> ) & 9UR$ TO ! LIMITATIONS ( O!R SU* GA!R+S8 ,:AT ROLE1 IF ANY1 C\LD IT S]VE 9 BUILD+ LONG] T]M CONNECTIONS & 9VE/M5TS8 ,DO WE HAVE ANY RI<T /AG+ SU* EV5TS 9 F]AL C\NTRYSIDE1 OR W\LD IT BE MORE RESPONSIBLE TO HOLD CONV]G5CES 9 ! SPACES WE ALREADY 9HABIT ON A DAILY BASIS8 

,SUBCULTURE 

  

,I'VE NEV] BE5 TO A ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+4 ,MY ONLY CONTEXT = ! ,RA9B[ PH5OM5ON COMES FROM MY EXP]I5CE HIT*HIK+--,JESUS SOMETIMES S5DS HIS FOLL[]S TO GIVE ME RIDES1 BUT :5 IT COMES TO LOOK+ AFT] HIT*HIK]S ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+ SEEMS TO BE A F> MORE P[]FUL & ATT5TIVE PATRON SA9T4 ,C\NTLESS DRIV]S HAVE REF]R$ TO ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+ UPON PICK+ ME UP2 AS F> AS ,I CAN TELL1 IT SEEMS TO BE A SPACE ?AT PROMOTES MUTUAL AID & %>+1 & AS F> AS ?AT GOES ,I'M ALL = IT4 

,BUT ,I HAVE TO SAY ,I WAS SURPRIS$ :5 PEOPLE />T$ %[+ UP AT ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CES = :OM ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+ WAS !IR CLOSE/ PO9T ( REF]5CE4 ,AS ,I UND]/& IT1 ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+ IS MORE ASSOCIAT$ ) PACIFISM1 ,NEW ,AGE SPIRITUALITY1 & DRUG USE ?AN ) ! ALL-\T W> ON CAPITALISM & HI]>*Y CALL$ = 9 MO/ ,CRIME?,9C4 LIT]ATURE4 

,>E !RE MORE COMMON ?READS ?AN ,I REALIZ$ CONNECT+ ,CRIME?,9C4 & ! :OLE ,RA9B[ ?+8 ,OR >E !SE PEOPLE %[+ UP AT ! CONV]G5CE BECAUSE IT SEEMS TO HAVE A SIMIL> =MAT TO ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+8 ,IF ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE W]E TO BECOME JU/ ANO!R /OP ON ! ,RA9B[ CIRCUIT1 W\LD ?AT BE A POSITIVE ?+--EXPOS+ MORE PEOPLE TO REVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM--OR W\LD IT JU/ DILUTE ! ATMOSPH]E8 ,>E !RE DI/URBANCES 9 ! ,RA9B[ ECOSY/EM ?AT >E DRIV+ PEOPLE FROM ?OSE CIRCLES TO \R CONV]G5CE8 

,ACCORD+ TO ONE P>TICIPANT 9 ! CONV]G5CE1 ,E>? ,FIR/6 HAS ALREADY BE5 ?R\< ?IS SAME EXP]I5CE ) !IR YE>LY R5DEZV\S1 ) ! RESULT ?AT !IR R5DEZV\S IS N[ ALWAYS S*$UL$ TO CO9CIDE ) ! ,RA9B[ ,NATIONAL ,GA!R+4 ,?AT DOESN'T SEEM PROMIS+4 ,DOES IT MAKE A DIFF]5CE ?AT ! CONV]G5CE IS A SOB] SPACE1 :ILE ! R5DEZV\S IS SIMIL> TO ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+ 9 ?AT IT (T5 HO/S A LOT ( SUB/ANCE USE8 

,BUT ?IS SPECIFIC L9E ( QUE/ION+ 9DICATES A BROAD] HORIZON ( QUE/IONS4 ,AS A BROAD] RANGE ( PEOPLE GET 9VOLV$ 9 AN>*I/ SPACES1 !Y WILL 9EVITABLY BR+ ) !M !IR [N SUBCULTURAL ACTIVITIES & REF]5CE PO9TS--:E!R ?OSE BE DRUM CIRCLES1 MO%+1 OR B[L+4 ,IS IT M]E BIGOTRY ?AT PUNK SUBCULTURAL NORMS GO UNQUE/ION$1 = EXAMPLE1 REG>DLESS ( ! POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS ( ?OSE NORMS1 ON ACC\NT ( PUNK HAV+ LONG BE5 ASSOCIAT$ ) AN>*ISM--:ILE O!RS >E REG>D$ ) SUSPICION8 

,SOBRIETY & ,GIFT ,ECONOMICS 

  

,IF ANY?+ DECISIVELY DI/+UI%ES ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE FROM ! ,E>? ,FIR/6 R5DEZV\S & ! ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+ ALIKE1 IT IS ?AT IT IS AN EXPLICITLY SOB] SPACE4 ,9 A CULTURE ?AT PROMOTES 9TOXICATION AMONG RADICALS AS WELL AS EV]YONE ELSE1 ?IS IS AN A*IEVEM5T1 ?\< AT EV]Y CONV]G5CE ! SAME DISCUSSIONS HAVE TO TAKE PLACE ALL OV] AGA9 TO MA9TA9 ?IS4 ,MO/ 9SPIR+ ( ALL W]E ! P>TICIPANTS :O ACKN[L$G$ HAV+ LEFT ! SITE ( LA/ YE>'S CONV]G5CE TO DR9K1 BUT MADE A PO9T ?IS YE> ( EMPHASIZ+ ! VALUE ( ! CONV]G5CE BE+ A SOB] SPACE TO O!RS :O WI%$ TO DR9K4 

,AFT] ! UNP]MITT$ M>* AT ! 5D ( ! CONV]G5CE1 ! POLICE US$ FALSE POSITIVES FROM DRUG-SNIFF+ DOGS TO JU/IFY SE>*+ PEOPLE'S VEHICLES4 ,:5 IT CAME \T ?AT ! PIGS F\ND NO ILLEGAL SUB/ANCES 9 ?OSE SE>*ES1 SOMEBODY %\T$ \T 0,! POLICY WORKS60 ,:Y IS SOBRIETY NOT MORE WIDELY PRACTIC$ AS AN ASPECT ( REVOLUTION>Y /RATEGY8 ,H[ DO WE CREATE SOB] 5VIRONM5TS 9 :I* NO ONE FEELS UNCOM=TABLE AB\T OR JUDG$ = !IR P]SONAL RELATION TO SUB/ANCE USE8 ,IF ,CRIME?,9C4 IS NOT ITSELF A MOVEM5T1 BUT RA!R A SUBV]SION ( MOVEM5TS1 W\LD ORGANIZ+ A SOB] ,RA9B[ ,GA!R+ ITSELF QUALIFY AS SUBV]SIVE ACTIVITY8 

,LIKEWISE1 IF ANY?+ DI/+UI%ES ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE FROM ! V>I\S AN>*I/ BOOK FAIRS1 ! ,NATIONAL ,CONF]5CE ON ,ORGANIZ$ ,RESI/ANCE1 & EV5TS LIKE ! ,U,S ,SOCIAL ,=UM1 IT IS ?AT !RE IS NO REGI/RATION FEE & NO BUY+ OR SELL+4 ,IT IS A P[]FUL ?+ TO DEMON/RATE ?AT WE CAN PROVIDE = ! NE$S ( HUNDR$S ( PEOPLE ACROSS SEV]AL DAYS BY MEANS ( VOLUNTE] LABOR & 9DIVIDUAL DONATIONS4 ,BESIDES 9TOXICATION & EX*ANGE ECONOMICS1 >E !RE >E O!R ASPECTS ( CONTEMPOR>Y SOCIETY WE MI<T TRY DO+ )\T8 

,RELAT+ TO ,O!R ,RADICAL ,ORGANIZATIONS 

  

,?IS YE>'S CONV]G5CE TOOK PLACE AT ! SAME TIME AS ! NATIONAL CONV5TION ( ! NEW ,/UD5TS = A ,DEMOCRATIC ,SOCIETY & ! ,F]AL ,VISIONS GA!R+4 ,! LATT] WAS ON ! ,WE/ COA/1 BUT MANY COMMITT$ AN>*I/S HAD TO *OOSE BETWE5 ATT5D+ ! CONV]G5CE & ! ,S,D,S CONV5TION1 :I* TOOK PLACE 9 NE>BY ,DETROIT4 ,! DATES ( BO? EV5TS W]E ANN\NC$ %ORTLY AFT] WE ANN\NC$ ! DATE ( ?IS YE>'S CONV]G5CE--TO \R GREAT FRU/RATION1 AS WE HAD ALREADY SP5T WEEKS CONTACT+ ORGANIZ]S >\ND ! C\NTRY1 9CLUD+ SOME FROM ,S,D,S1 9QUIR+ AB\T !IR S*$ULES = ! SUMM]4 ,IT'S POSSIBLE ?AT1 HAD ! TWO EV5TS NOT OV]LAPP$1 MORE S]I\S /UD5T ORGANIZ]S W\LD HAVE BE5 9 ,A!NS4 

,A /ATEM5T WAS READ AT ! ,S,D,S CONV5TION FROM P>TICIPANTS 9 ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE1 5C\RAG+ MORE CONSCI5TI\S COORD9ATION BETWE5 ! TWO GR\PS4 ,IT REPORT$LY MET A W>M RECEPTION2 9 ADDITION1 A COLLECTION ( HUNDR$S ( DOLL>S WAS TAK5 UP AT ! CONV5TION :5 IT WAS REPORT$ ?AT POLICE HAD MADE >RE/S AT ! P>ADE CONCLUD+ ! CONV]G5CE4 

,H[ CAN ,CRIME?,9C4 & MORE RIGIDLY /RUCTUR$ GR\PS LIKE ,S,D,S WORK TOGE!R 9 ! FUTURE8 ,:AT W\LD IT LOOK LIKE TO COLLABORATE ) SU* GR\PS TO ORGANIZE A CONV]G5CE ?AT BR\<T TOGE!R P>TICIPANTS FROM SEV]AL DIFF]5T /RA9S ( RADICAL ?\<T & ORGANIZ+8 ,C\LD ?AT BE A WOR?:ILE EXP]IM5T8 

,PRISON] ,SUPPORT 

  

,LA/ SUMM] !RE WAS A PRISON] SUPPORT TABLE (F]+ RES\RCES AB\T CURR5T POLITICAL PRISON]S & DEF5DANTS & MAT]IALS = WRIT+ LETT]S TO !M2 SOME DOZ5S ( LETT]S W]E WRITT5 & MAIL$ (F4 ,?IS SUMM]'S CONV]G5CE FEATUR$ A SIMIL> PRISON] SUPPORT /ATION1 BUT DRAMATICALLY FEW] LETT]S W]E WRITT54 ,DOES ?IS REFLECT SIMPLE ]GONOMIC %ORTCOM+S ON ! P>T ( ?IS YE>'S SUPPORT /ATION--! ABS5CE ( A TABLE & *AIRS = WRIT+1 = EXAMPLE--OR A MORE OM9\S DEPRIORITIZATION ( PRISON] SUPPORT ON ! P>T ( P>TICIPANTS8 

,WORK%OPS 

  

,APPROXIMATELY FIFTY WORK%OPS1 DISCUSSIONS1 & PRES5TATIONS TOOK PLACE 9 ! C\RSE ( ?IS YE>'S CONV]G5CE1 NOT 9CLUD+ CAUCUSES & PLANT WALKS4 ,ONE ( ! HALLM>KS ( ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE MODEL IS ?AT EV]YONE :O ATT5DS IS 5C\RAG$ TO PRES5T A WORK%OP1 ON ! GR\NDS ?AT PEOPLE LE>N MORE FROM PRES5T+ WORK%OPS ?AN !Y POSSIBLY C\LD FROM WAT*+ O!RS' WORK%OPS4 

,P]HAPS NOT SURPRIS+LY1 MANY ( ! WORK%OPS W]E NOT AS 9T]ACTIVE AS !Y C\LD HAVE BE5--!RE WAS A LOT ( ONE P]SON TALK+ AT L5G?4 ,IT NE$S TO BE SAID ?AT A WORK%OP PRES5T] IS RESPONSIBLE = GIV+ ?OSE :O ATT5D A WORK%OP ! MO/ 5T]TA9+1 5GAG+ EXP]I5CE POSSIBLE3 IF Y\ *OOSE TO SPEAK AT PEOPLE = AN H\R1 IT HAD BETT] BE A P[]FUL P]=MANCE6 ,!RE WAS SOME TALK AFT]W>DS ( SETT+ HI<] /&>DS = ! WORK%OPS4 ,H[ CAN ?IS BE ACCOMPLI%$ )\T DISC\RAG+ 9EXP]I5C$ PRES5T]S FROM (F]+ WORK%OPS8 ,& H[ CAN WE FUR!R *ALL5GE ! /&>D1 (T5 BOR+ =MAT ( WORK%OPS1 :I* ! CONV]G5CE HAS 9H]IT$ UNQUE/ION$ FROM MORE OR?ODOX ACTIVI/ CONF]5CES8 

,BY F> ! MO/ CONTROV]SIAL ASPECT ( ?IS YE>'S CONV]G5CE WAS ! WORK%OP 5TITL$ 0#b#a#b40 ,PRESUMABLY1 ?IS WORK%OP WAS S*$UL$ ) ! EXPECTATION ?AT IT WAS NOT SIMPLY AN 9TRODUCTION TO W+NUT MILL5>IANISM1 BUT IT PROV$ TO BE EXACTLY ?AT4 ,NOT ONLY ?AT1 BUT DUE TO ITS TAK+ PLACE 9 ! BIG >MY T5T DUR+ ! LA/ BLOCK ( WORK%OPS1 IT RAN ON = SEV]AL H\RS ?R\< D9N] & 9TO ! EV5+1 BECOM+ A CLE>+H\SE = W+NUT IDEAS ( ALL /RIPES4 

,! T5T WAS PACK$ = ! WORK%OP1 ?\< IT LAT] CAME \T ?AT MANY PEOPLE HAD CIRCULAT$ 9 & \T ( IT 9 ! C\RSE ( ITS DURATION1 MO/ MORE \T ( CURIOSITY ?AN CR$5CE4 ,! UN=TUNATE EFFECT1 H[EV]1 WAS ?AT ! SPECTACLE ( A PACK$ H\SE LI/5+ TO COSMIC CONSPIRACY !ORY AT A SUPPOS$LY CLE>HEAD$ RADICAL CONV]G5CE DEMORALIZ$ PEOPLE4 ,! EFFECT WAS SIMIL> TO :AT MI<T HAVE HAPP5$ IF ! ,J]RY ,SPR+] %[ WAS PLAY+ ON ! CAMPSITE ) A CR[D GA!R$ >\ND IT3 :E!R OR NOT !Y APPROV$ OR BELIEV$ 9 IT1 !IR ATT5TION ALONE LEGITIMIZ$ IT & SEEM$ TO REFLECT ON ! CONV]G5CE ITSELF4 ,IF WE W\LD NOT HAVE HAD TELEVISION ON ! CAMPSITE1 IF WE W\LD NOT HAVE 9VIT$ ! ,*UR* ( ,SCI5TOLOGY TO SEEK CONV]TS1 :Y WAS !RE SPACE = W+NUT MILL5>IANS8 ,%\LD !RE BE A POLICY DEL9EAT+ :AT K9DS ( WORK%OPS >E 5C\RAG$ & DISC\RAG$8 ,:AT AB\T SUGGE/$ 0TRACKS10 DIRECT$ !MES = WORK%OPS & DISCUSSIONS8 ,OR IS ?AT TOO CONTROLL+8 

,BUT ! MORE IMPORTANT QUE/ION IS--:Y DID ! #bab WORK%OP ATTRACT SO MU* ATT5TION 9 ! FIR/ PLACE8 ,WAS IT ! RESULT ( HAV+ A WID] RANGE ( PEOPLE AT ! CONV]G5CE ?IS YE>1 ?AT SOME ( !M >E ACTUALLY PRONE TO BELIEV+ SU* NONS5SE8 ,>E SOME AN>*I/S 9 FACT EAG] TO BELIEVE ! WORLD IS GO+ TO 5D SOON 7OR REA* PEAK OIL OR A 0PO9T ( S+UL>ITY0 OR :ATEV]7 SO !Y WON'T HAVE TO FIGURE \T H[ TO LIB]ATE !MSELVES8 ,WAS IT SIMPLY ! ,J]RY ,SPR+] EFFECT--PEOPLE CAN'T HELP BUT FLOCK TO SOME?+ RIDICUL\S1 EV5 IF !RE >E MORE MEAN+FUL OPTIONS CLOSE AT H&8 ,! S*$ULE WAS PACK$ ALL DAY EV]Y DAY ) DEM&+ ACTIVITIES--DID PEOPLE NE$ SOME?+ LI<T TO BREAK UP ALL ?AT S]I\SNESS8 ,W]E ! WORK%OP PRES5T]S SIMPLY MORE COMPELL+ SPEAK]S ?AN O!R WORK%OP PRES5T]S8 ,DID ! WORK%OP FILL A ROLE ( BE+ :IMSICAL1 5T]TA9+1 OR ROMANTIC 9 A WAY ?AT NO O!R WORK%OP DID8 ,%\LD WE HAVE BE5 MORE CONSCI5TI\S AB\T MAK+ SURE SOME?+ WOR?:ILE W\LD FILL ?AT ROLE8 

,MAK+ ,CONCRETE ,PLANS = ! ,FUTURE 

  

,!RE W]E SEV]AL EF=TS TO MAKE CONCRETE PLANS = FUTURE PROJECTS & MOBILIZATIONS1 BUT FEW ( !SE BORE TANGIBLE FRUIT2 IT SEEMS DIFFICULT TO A*IEVE CONCRETE RESULTS & COMMITM5TS 9 OP5 WORK%OP SETT+S4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 PL5TY ( AGREEM5TS & DECISIONS CAME \T ( 9=MAL CONV]SATIONS DUR+ ! CONV]G5CE4 ,>E =MAL /RUCTURES SIMPLY LESS EFFICI5T1 OR IS ?IS MORE ! RESULT ( ! PR$ISPOSITIONS ( ?OSE :O W\LD ATT5D A ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE 9 ! FIR/ PLACE8 ,IF 9=MAL DISCUSSIONS >E B\ND TO BE ! SETT+ ( ALL ! IMPORTANT DECISIONS1 H[ DO WE PRIORITIZE & FACILITATE !M8 

,& ,HIDD5 ,SOME:]E ,BEH9D ,ALL ,?IS1 ,A ,PUBLI%+ ,COLLECTIVE 

  

,( ALL ! WORK%OPS1 P]=MANCES1 & DISCUSSIONS AT ! CONV]G5CE1 IT IS /RIK+ H[ LITTLE FOCUS !RE WAS ON ,CRIME?,9C4 PROJECTS P] SE4 ,ON ONE H&1 ?IS AVOIDS CREAT+ A 0/> SY/EM0 C5T]+ ATT5TION ON ?OSE ALREADY 5GAG$ 9 ?OSE PROJECTS1 BUT ON ! O!R H& IT CONTRIBUTES TO ! IMPRESSION ?AT ! CONV]G5CE IS A M]ELY SOCIAL SPACE1 RE9=C+ ! SEP>ATION BETWE5 ! 9=MAL NETWORKS ?AT PRODUCE PROJECTS & ! SOCIAL CIRCLES ?AT CONSUME !M4 ,AT WOR/1 ?IS SUGGE/S A DYNAMIC 9 :I* ,CRIME?,9C4 IS 9VISIBLY DIRECT$ BY A FEW PEOPLE )\T ! 9PUT ( ! VA/ MAJORITY ( ?OSE :O ID5TIFY ) IT4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 EF=TS AT E>LI] CONV]G5CES TO ORGANIZE ,CRIME?,9C4 PROJECTS DID NOT BE> FRUIT4 ,:AT W\LD IT TAKE = ! CONV]G5CE BE A SPACE 9 :I* WID] P>TICIPATION 9 ,CRIME?,9C4 PROPAG&A PROJECTS C\LD DEVELOP8 

,AMBITI\S ,H$ONISM1 ,OR ,GO+ ,?R\< ! ,MOTIONS8 

  

,AT ! 5D ( ! EV5T1 SOMEONE ASK$ ORGANIZ]S :O HAD BE5 9VOLV$ 9 SEV]AL CONV]G5CES :AT !Y W\LD HAVE DONE = ! CONV]G5CE HAD IT SIMPLY BE5 A MATT] ( :AT MO/ 9T]E/$ !M P]SONALLY4 ,!IR ANSW]S W]E ALL V]Y DIFF]5T FROM :AT !Y HAD ACTUALLY DONE4 ,:AT W\LD HAVE HAPP5$ IF !SE EXP]I5C$ P>TICIPANTS HAD TAILOR$ !IR EF=TS TO !IR [N P]SONAL TA/ES RA!R ?AN TO ! PRESUM$ NECESSITIES ( ORGANIZ+ A SUCCESSFUL AN>*I/ EV5T8 ,>E !SE P>TICIPANTS UNABLE TO CONC5TRATE MORE ON SUBJECTS & EXP]IM5TS ?AT 9T]E/ !M BECAUSE O!RS >E NOT /EPP+ =W>D TO H&LE ! BASIC RESPONSIBILITIES ( SETT+ UP 9FRA/RUCTURE1 OR BECAUSE ( !IR [N 9ABILITY TO TRU/ O!RS TO DO ?AT8 ,:AT W\LD IT LOOK LIKE TO HAVE A CONV]G5CE ?AT WAS DESIGN$ TO FULFILL ! SPECIFIC WILDE/ DREAMS ( ! 9DIVIDUALS 9VOLV$8 ,CAN WE EV5 IMAG9E SU* A ?+8 ,IF WE CAN'T1 CAN WE HOPE TO MAKE A REVOLUTION C5T]$ >\ND ! FULFILLM5T ( DESIRE8 

,P,O,/,S,C,R,I,P,T3 ,! ,ADV5TURE ( ,\R ,LIVES 

  

,9 ,AUGU/ #b#c1 AFT] P>TICIPAT+ 9 ! ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE DESCRIB$ 9 0,UND] ! ,HELICOPT]S10 MY B>N/ORM+ GR\P MADE ONE MORE T\R /OP--9 ,A!NS1 ,OHIO4 ,BY ?AT TIME1 FOLL[+ AN UNPLANN$ P>ADE-TURN$-RIOT & SUBSEQU5T M$IA FE$+ FR5ZY1 !RE WAS AN ,A,P,B \T & POLICE (FIC]S W]E WAIT+ = US EV]Y:]E WE W5T4 

,\R F9AL EV5+ ( P]=MANCES & WORK%OPS W5T SMOO?LY 5\< UNTIL ! CONCLUSION4 ,WE'D BE5 5D+ EA* EV5T BY TEA*+ PEOPLE H[ TO MAKE ! ASPHALT TILE MOSAICS DESCRIB$ 9 ,RECIPES = ,DISA/]1 !N AFFIX+ ONE 9 A /REET AS A TOK5 ( \R PASS+4 ,WE DEBAT$ BRIEFLY AS TO :E!R WE %\LD ATTEMPT ?IS ACT ( UNOR?ODOX V&ALISM UND] ! WAT*FUL EYES ( ! POLICE1 & F9ALLY CONCLUD$--AS WE ALWAYS DO--?AT WE HAD TO GO = IT & LET ! CONSEQU5CES SORT !MSELVES \T4 ,A SLAP/ICK SC5E 5SU$ SU* AS ONE MI<T SEE 9 A ,EUROPEAN COM$Y3 IMAG9E US RUNN+ >\ND ! CAMPUS PURSU$ BY POLICE & AUDI5CE MEMB]S1 ATTEMPT+ TO ELUDE ! =M] & PUT D[N \R TILE MOSAIC 9 FRONT ( ! LATT]4 ,9 ! 5D1 WE SUCCE$$ 9 DEPLOY+ ! MOSAIC1 BUT W]E FOLL[$ BY POLICE TO ! H\SE WE'D 9T5D$ TO /AY AT & HAD TO ESCAPE ?R\< ! BACK ALLEY TO SLEEP SOME:]E ELSE4 

,MON?S LAT]1 UNBEKN[N/ TO US & AGA9/ ALL ODDS1 ! MOSAIC REMA9$ 9 ! P>K+ LOT--SOMEH[ ! POLICE NEV] BO!R$ TO HAVE IT REMOV$4 ,LONG BE=E WE EV] MET1 ! P]SON :O IS N[ MY LOV] & P>TN] WALK$ PA/ A COLORFUL HE>T SET 9TO ! ASPHALT ON H] WAY TO CLASS EV]Y DAY1 WOND]+ H[ IT CAME TO BE !RE4 

,FA/-=W>D NE>LY F\R YE>S1 TO ! 5D ( ,JULY #b#g4 ,! TILE MOSAICS \R B>N/ORM+ T\R PUT D[N HAVE BE5 PAV$ OV] & ! PASSIONATE FRI5D%IPS ?AT B\ND \R GR\P TOGE!R HAVE COOL$4 ,ALL ( US >E N[ 9VOLV$ 9 NEW PROJECTS & FRI5D%IPS--= EXAMPLE1 ,I'M BACK 9 ,A!NS1 9 AN UNP]MITT$ P>ADE AT ! CONCLUSION ( ! SIX? ,CRIME?,9C4 CONV]G5CE1 SURR\ND$ BY HUNDR$S ( CO/UM$ MANIACS4 ,SOME ( !M >E SP9N+ FIRE2 O!RS >E BEAT+ IMPROVIS$ P]CUSSION 9/RUM5TS1 9CLUD+ ONE 5ORM\S DRUM PU%$ ON A %OPP+ C>T2 /ILL O!RS HAVE JU/ DISLODG$ AN 5ORM\S ROAD BLOCKADE READ+ 0,R,O,A,D ,C,L,O,S,$0 FROM A CON/RUCTION SITE & >E C>RY+ IT TO ! FRONT4 ,AMONG ! :IRL+ DANC]S & MASK$ FACES1 ?R\< ! HAZE ( 5?USIASM & GOOD *E]1 ,I CAN MAKE \T A C\PLE PEOPLE :O W]E ) ME H]E F\R YE>S E>LI]4 ,WE'VE COV]$ A LOT ( GR\ND 9 ?AT TIME4 

,MY P>TN] CALLS ME OV] TO A SPOT 9 ! ROAD4 ,!RE1 SET 9 ! ASPHALT1 AS FRE% & BRI<T AS ! DAY WE PUT IT !RE1 IS A COLORFUL TILE HE>T4 

,:5 EXP]IM5TS LIKE !SE WORK1 !Y CONNECT US TO SPACES & TO EA* O!R 9 A MAGICAL WAY1 GIV+ \R LIVES BACK ! N>RATIVE MEAN+ ?AT CAPITALISM DRA9S FROM EV]Y?+4 ,!Y MAY NOT IMM$IATELY OV]?R[ ! GOV]NM5T OR ABOLI% PRIVATE [N]%IP ( CAPITAL1 BUT !Y GIVE US ! NETWORKS1 EXP]I5CE1 & S5SE ( \R [N P[] NECESS>Y = TILT+ AT SU* MON/R\S W9DMILLS4 ,SEP>AT$ FROM \R ONGO+ /RUGGLE = LIB]ATION !Y >E S5SELESS1 BUT !Y >5'T ONLY USEFUL AS 9CREM5TAL /EPS T[>DS LIB]ATION--!Y ALSO >E ?AT LIB]ATION1 AS WE RECAPTURE \R LIVES1 MOM5T BY MOM5T1 FROM R\T9E & OB$I5CE4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #h? ,NOVEMB] #bb FROM CRIME?9C4COM47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#e1 #bbb 3 ,UND] ! ,BIG ,T5T -- ,ADD$4 

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