,TWELVE ,F,A,Q ,AB\T :AT IS ,HAPP5+ 9 ,V5EZUELA 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,EL ,LIB]T>IO ,$ITORIAL ,COLLECTIVE 

,TEXT 3 

#a7 ,>E ! PROTE/S 9 ,V5EZUELA L$ BY OPPOSITION P>TIES ON ! RI<T8 

,NO4 ,! CURR5T WAVE ( PROTE/S BEGAN 9 ! CITY ( ,SAN ,CRI/OBAL 7,TA*IRA7 ON ,FEB4 #d :5 /UD5TS D5\NC+ SECURITY ISSUES ON ! UNIV]SITY CAMPUS W]E MET ) REPRESSION & SEV]AL W]E JAIL$4 ,! CONSEQU5T PROTE/S FOCUS$ ON LIB]AT+ ! DETA9$ /UD5TS1 SPREAD TO O!R CITIES & W]E ALSO MET ) REPRESSION1 9T5SIFY+ /UD5T UNRE/4 ,IT WAS 9 ?IS CONTEXT ?AT A FACTION ( ! OPPOSITION LAUN*$ A PROPOSAL = /REET DEMON/RATIONS DUBB$ 0,LA ,SALIDA0 TO DEM& ,PRESID5T ,MADURO'S RESIGNATION1 :ILE ANO!R FACTION OPPOS$ ! IDEA ( /REET DEMON/RATIONS FOCUS$ ON ?IS L>G]1 S+LE DEM&4 ,DESPITE ! >RE/ ( ! CONS]VATIVE POLITICIAN ,LEOPOLDO ,LOPEZ1 ! WIDESPREAD PROTE/S ALL OV] ! C\NTRY HAVE OV]:ELM$ & 0SURPASS$ ON ! LEFT0 ! OPPOSITION POLITICAL P>TIES4 

#b7 ,>E ! PROTE/S 9 ,V5EZUELA P>T ( A C\P AGA9/ ,MADURO'S GOV]NM5T8 

,9 ,V5EZUELA1 A C\NTRY ) A HI/ORY ( MILIT>Y C\PS1 !RE IS ALWAYS SOME POSSIBILITY ?AT EV5TS WILL TAKE ?AT TURN4 ,H[EV]1 ! CURR5T SITUATION IS V]Y DIFF]5T FROM #bb :5 ,HUGO ,*AVEZ WAS TEMPOR>ILY TAK5 \T ( P[] BY A C\P4 ,AFT] ?AT DATE1 ! >M$ =CES W]E POLITICALLY CLEANS$ AT HI< & MIDDLE RANKS2 ?OSE :O FILL$ ! OP5 POSITIONS W]E IDEOLOGICALLY COMMITT$ TO ! GOV]NM5T & FUR!R SECUR$ BY RECEIV+ A FREE *>T] TO CONTROL V>I\S C\NTRY BUS9ESSES4 ,! MO/ LIKELY S\RCE ( A C\P TODAY 9 ,V5EZUELA IS ONE ,*AVI/A FACTION OR ANO!R4 ,!IR AIM W\LD BE TO 5SURE ! C\NTRY'S GOV]NABILITY SO ?AT ! MILIT>Y ALONG ) 5]GY TRANSNATIONALS MAY CONT9UE TO OP]ATE SUCCESSFULLY 9 ! C\NTRY4 

#c7 ,>E ! PROTE/S CONNECT$ TO A 0CONSPIRACY0 ON ! P>T ( PRIVATE M$IA NETWORKS 9 ,V5EZUELA8 

,TODAY1 BROADCA/+ /ATIONS HAVE BE5 SIL5C$ BY ! GOV]NM5T ( ,NICOLAS ,MADURO4 ,! LA/ NATIONWIDE NETWORK1 ,GLOBOVISION1 WAS B\<T BY AN 5TREPR5EUR ) TIES TO ! GOV]NM5T1 :O MODIFI$ ITS 9=MATIONAL APPROA*4 ,RADIO /ATIONS & NEWSPAP]S >E BE+ PRESSUR$ TO NOT REPORT ON ! PROTE/S BAS$ ON ! >GUM5T ?AT DO+ SO 9CITES 0VIOL5CE40 

,9 ADDITION1 PR9T M$IA SUFF]S FROM A LACK ( PAP] DUE TO ! CONTROLS ON =EIGN CURR5CY EX*ANGE IMPOS$ BY ! GOV]NM5T4 ,= ?IS REASON1 PROTE/]S HAVE TAK5 RESPONSIBILITY = G5]AT+ !IR [N REPORTS1 MAK+ EXT5SIVE USE ( SOCIAL M$IA NETWORKS4 

#d7 ,>E ! PROTE/S' ONLY AIM TO \/ ,PRESID5T ,NICOLAS ,MADURO FROM P[]8 

,?IS IS A MOVEM5T )\T A C5T]1 & !RE >E MANY DEM&S4 ,TO SUM !M UP1 !RE >E TWO AG5DAS3 ONE FROM ,C>ACAS & ONE FROM ! CITIES 9 ! 9T]IOR ( ! C\NTRY4 ,FROM ,C>ACAS1 ! MAJORITY DEM&S >E ! ,PRESID5T'S RESIGNATION1 ! LIB]ATION ( POLITICAL PRISON]S1 & ! REJECTION ( VIOL5CE4 ,FROM ! O!R CITIES1 :I* HAVE SUFF]$ EXTREMELY = YE>S FROM ! 9T]RUPTION ( PUBLIC S]VICES & ! SC>CITY ( BASIC GOODS1 ! PROBLEMS ( SO>+ 9FLATION1 SC>CITY1 & LACK ( WAT] & ELECTRICITY >E ALSO A C5TRAL MAJORITY FOCUS4 

#e7 ,>E ! PROTE/S LIMIT$ ONLY TO ! MIDDLE CLASS8 

,9 ,C>ACAS1 ! MAJORITY ( PROTE/]S >E MIDDLE CLASS PEOPLE & /UD5TS FROM PUBLIC & PRIVATE UNIV]SITIES4 ,9 ! 9T]IOR ( ! C\NTRY1 ! SITUATION IS COMPLETELY DIFF]5T & MANY 9 ! POPUL> SECTORS TAKE AN ACTIVE P>T 9 ! PROTE/S4 

#f7 ,>E ! IMAGES ?AT HAVE BE5 CIRCULAT+ ( REPRESSIVE ACTS 9 ,V5EZUELA ALL FALSE8 

,!RE >E SOME :O HAVE MALICI\SLY OR 9NOC5TLY SPREAD IMAGES & VIDEOS ?AT DO NOT CORRESPOND TO CURR5T EV5TS 9 ,V5EZUELA1 BUT SOCIAL M$IA NETWORKS HAVE PROV5 TO BE V]Y GOOD AT SELF-REGULATION & HAVE SUCCESSFULLY D5\NC$ !SE AS FALSE & $UCAT$ US]S ON H[ TO V]IFY 9=MATION BE=E %>+ IT4 ,! GOV]NM5T'S /RATEGY HAS BE5 TO 0ATTEMPT TO %[0 ?AT S9CE #c1 #d1 OR EV5 #a IMAGES >E FALSE1 ALL ! O!RS >E ALSO4 ,BUT ! FACTS >E !RE1 RECORD$ ?R\< ! TE*NOLOGICAL DEVICES ( DOZ5S ( WITNESSES ( ! GOV]NM5T'S REPRESSION4 

#g7 ,IF IT ISN'T ! POLITICAL P>TIES1 !N :O'S ORGANIZ+ ! PROTE/S 9 ,V5EZUELA8 

,9 ! 5D1 ! POLITICAL P>TIES HAVE HAD TO JO9 9 ON ! PROTE/S & HAVE TRI$--UP TO N[ UNSUCCESSFULLY--TO *ANNEL !M4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ! ,MESA DE LA ,UNIDAD ,DEMOCRATICA 7,M,U,D7 CALL$ = ?REE DAYS FREE ( DEMON/RATIONS AFT] ,FEBRU>Y #ab = M\RN+1 & PEOPLE DISOBEY$1 CONT9U+ ON ! /REETS4 ,MANY LAUN* 9ITIATIVES ?R\< SOCIAL M$IA NETWORKS2 SOME >E PICK$ UP & GO VIRAL2 O!RS FALL ON DEAF E>S & >E =GOTT54 

#h7 ,IF ,NICOLAS ,MADURO RESIGNS1 WILL ,V5EZUELA RETURN TO ITS PA/ /ATE ( AFFAIRS BE=E ,*AVEZ8 

,NO4 ,FIR/1 9 ! CASE ?AT %\LD HAPP51 IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO TURN BACK ! A*IEVEM5TS REG>D+ PROGRESSIVE RI<TS E/ABLI%$ BY ! ,CON/ITUTION & 9T]NATIONALLY BACK$4 ,SECOND1 IT IS IMPOSSIBLE ?AT1 AS SOME BELIEVE1 ! 0OPPOSITION0--:ATEV] WE UND]/& ?AT TO MEAN--WILL \/ 0*AVISMO0 FROM 0P[]0--9 ! BROADE/ MEAN+ ( ?AT T]M4 ,! ,BOLIV>IAN MOVEM5T HAS A BROAD BASE ?AT1 REG>DLESS ( H[ ! PROTE/S 5D UP1 WILL CONT9UE FIGUR+ C5TRALLY 9 ,V5EZUELAN POLITICS 9 ! NE> & NOT SO NE> FUTURE4 

#i7 ,:AT IS HAPP5+ ) POLITICAL REPRESSION 9 ,V5EZUELA N[8 

,AS ( ?IS DATE1 !RE HAVE BE5 #aa DEA?S RELAT$ TO ! DEMON/RATIONS1 ! MAJORITY A DIRECT RESULT ( REPRESSIVE UNITS4 ,AN E/IMAT$ #d PEOPLE HAVE BE5 DETA9$ = P>TICIPAT+ 9 ! PROTE/S4 

,JU/ 9 ,C>ACAS1 ACCORD+ TO C\NTS FROM ! HUMAN RI<TS C5T] ( ! ,CA?OLIC ,UNIV]SITY ,D,D,H,H1 #aig HAVE BE5 RELEAS$1 #g REMA9 DETA9$1 #f >E DISAPPE>$ OR UNACC\NT$ =1 #h HAVE BE5 DEPRIV$ ( LIB]TY BY C\RT S5T5CE4 

#a7 ,:O IS REPRESS+ ! PROTE/S 9 ,V5EZUELA8 

,MA9LY ! ,BOLIV>IAN ,NATIONAL ,GU>D 7,G,N,B71 ! ,BOLIV>IAN ,NATIONAL ,9TELLIG5CE ,S]VICE 7,S,E,B,971 & P>AMILIT>Y GR\PS 9DIRECTLY FUND$ & OP5LY 5C\RAG$ BY ! GOV]NM5T4 

#a#a7 ,:AT ROLE DOES ,U,S IMP]IALISM PLAY 9 ,V5EZUELA8 

,PRESID5T ,B>ACK ,OBAMA & ! ,/ATE ,DEP>TM5T PUBLICLY CONDEMN$ ! RE/RICTION ( DEMOCRATIC LIB]TIES 9 ,V5EZUELA4 ,?IS L$ ,NICOLAS ,MADURO & HIS FOLL[]S TO ACCUSE !M ( M$DL+ 9 ! 9T]NAL AFFAIRS ( ANO!R C\NTRY & VIOLAT+ ,V5EZUELA'S SOV]EIGNTY4 ,DESPITE 9SI/+ ?AT ! ,U,S IS BEH9D ! PROTE/S1 ,MADURO HAS ALSO 9VIT$ ! ,NOR? ,AM]ICAN GOV]NM5T TO REE/ABLI% DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWE5 ! TWO C\NTRIES4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ,*EVRON CONT9UES TO HAVE MANY PRODUCTIVE BUS9ESS DEALS 9 ,V5EZUELAN T]RITORY 9 ! >EAS ( GAS & OIL EXPLOITATION ?R\< CONTRACTS SIGN$ BY ,PRESID5T ,*AVEZ ?AT >E GOOD = ANO!R #c OR #d YE>S4 ,! ,U,S CONT9UES TO BE ,V5EZUELA'S GREATE/ 0COMM]CIAL ALLY40 ,V5EZUELA S5DS ITS L>GE/ QUOTA ( EXPORT$ 5]GY TO ! ,U,S & 9 TURN IMPORTS MANY PRODUCTS FROM ! ,U,S TO ADDRESS ! C\NTRY'S SC>CITY PROBLEMS4 ,F9ALLY1 ,NICOLAS ,MADURO'S GOV]NM5T REVOK$ ,C,N,N'S WORK+ CR$5TIALS1 ACCUS+ ! NETWORK ( 0VIOLAT+ ,V5EZUELAN LAWS10 ONLY TO R5EW !M #bd H\RS LAT]1 9VIT+ ,C,N,N TO RETURN TO ! C\NTRY4 ,! GOV]NM5TS ( O!R C\NTRIES 9 ! REGION HAVE ALSO EXPRESS$ EI!R SUPPORT OR CONC]N REG>D+ ! SITUATION 9 ,V5EZUELA4 

#a#b7 ,:AT IS ! ROLE ( SOCIAL MOVEM5TS 9 ,V5EZUELA AT ?IS JUNCTURE8 

,DUR+ ! LA/ #ae YE>S SOCIAL MOVEM5TS HAVE SUFF]$ FROM A POLICY ( ACTIVE /ATE 9T]V5TION ?AT HAS DIM9I%$ & DIVID$ !M & (T5 RESULT$ 9 !IR BE+ COOPT$4 ,LAM5TABLY1 ! FEW GR\PS ?AT HAVE P]SEV]$ ) SOME DEGREE ( AUTONOMY--= EXAMPLE A FEW LABOR UNIONS-->E TOO WEAK TO HAVE ANY REAL IMPACT ON ! CURR5T SITUATION4 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#e1 #bbb 3 ,TWELVE ,F,A,Q ,AB\T :AT IS ,HAPP5+ 9 ,V5EZUELA -- ,ADD$4 

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