,*APT] #da 
,LA ,CONF$]ACION ,NACIONAL DE ,TRABAJO 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,GELD]LOOS 

,TEXT 3 

,LA ,CONF$]ACION ,NACIONAL DE ,TRABAJO 

,9 ! FIR/ ?REE DECADES ( ! #b? C5TURY1 ,SPANI% WORK]S & PEASANTS /RUGGL$ AGA9/ A SUCCESSION ( GOV]NM5TS -- MON>*Y1 DICTATOR%IP1 & REPUBLIC4  ,ON ! CUSP ( MOD]NIZATION1 ,SPA9 SUFF]$ ! COMB9$ DEPRAVATIONS ( AN 5TR5*$ FEUDALISM & AN EM]G+ CAPITALISM4  ,A GR[+ AN>*I/ MOVEM5T SPREAD CRITIQUES ( ! CURR5T SOCIETY1 PUBLI%$ NEWSPAP]S1 OP5$ SOCIAL C5T]S1 C>RI$ \T ASSASS9ATIONS1 EXPROPRIATIONS1 & BOMB+S ( B\RGEOIS T>GETS1 CREAT$ LIB]T>IAN COMMUNES 9 A FEW VILLAGES DUR+ %ORT-LIV$ 9SURRECTIONS1 & LAUN*$ MASSIVE /RIKES4  ,! DOM9ANT =CES 9 SOCIETY -- ! *UR*1 ! L&[N]S1 ! ROYALI/S1 ! B\RGEOISIE1 V>I\S NATIONALI/ P>ITES -- F\<T AMONG !MSELVES1 ?\< !Y (T5 UNIFI$ TO WAGE BLOODY W> AGA9/ ! ANTICAPITALI/S4  ,AMID ?IS TURMOIL1 ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ CONF$]ATION ( LABOR UNIONS1 ! ,C,N,T1 EXP&$ TO CONTA9 MILLIONS ( AFFILIATES4  ,9 ! E>LY #cS1 AN>*I/ ACTIVI/S )9 ! ,C,N,T /OPP$ AN ATTEMPT BY RE=MI/ SYNDICALI/S :O HELD TOP POSITIONS TO /E] ! ORGANIZATION T[>DS P>LIAM5T>Y ME?ODS1 & = ! NEXT SEV]AL YE>S ! ,C,N,T PLAY$ A PIVOTAL ROLE ( SUBV]SION1 SUPPORT+ ELECTORAL BOYCOTTS1 WILDCAT /RIKES1 & 9SURRECTIONS4  ,H[EV]1 CONT9U+ P[] /RUGGLES (T5 PREV5T$ COH]5T ACTION4  ,IT MI<T HAPP5 ?AT A /RIKE OR 9SURRECTION WAS PREP>$ & PROMOT$ & !N AB&ON$ ON ITS V]Y FIR/ DAY :5 P>T ( ! LEAD]%IP DECID$ CONDITIONS W]E 9OPPORTUNE4 

,NONE!LESS1 ! ,C,N,T WAS P]HAPS ! MO/ EFFECTIVE REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION ON A NATIONAL SCALE 9 ,SPA92 :5 !Y BOYCOTT$ ! ELECTIONS1 ! LEFTI/S DIDN'T HAVE A HOPE ( W9N+2 :5 !Y DIDN'T1 ! LEFTI/S WON OV]:ELM+LY2 & :5 !Y LAUN*$ A /RIKE1 IT WAS NOT UNCOMMON = IT TO SPREAD ACROSS ! C\NTRY & RESULT 9 MAJOR /RUGGLES & EV5 SMALL 9SURRECTIONS4  ,9 ,JULY1 #a#i#c#f1 ! ,FALANGI/S & ,C>LI/S -- FASCI/S & MON>*I/S1 RESPECTIVELY -- DECID$ TO LAUN* A C\P ) ! HELP ( A L>GE P>T ( ! MILIT>Y4 ,9 ,CATALUNYA & MU* ( ,&ALUCIA IT WAS AN>*I/ MILITIAS1 G5]ALLY C5ETI/AS -- ,C,N,T PEOPLE -- :O /ORM$ ! B>RACKS & PUT D[N ! PUTS*4  ,SOCIALI/ MILITIAS & LOYALI/ SOLDI]S ALONG ) AN>*I/S KEPT ,MADRID1 ,VAL5CIA1 & ,A/URIAS \T ( ! H&S ( ! FASCI/S4  ,9 MANY P>TS ( ,SPA91 ! GOV]NM5T HAD EFFECTIVELY CEAS$ TO EXI/4  ,WORK]S & PEASANTS MILITIAS W]E ! ONLY REAL SOCIAL =CE1 & !Y BEGAN TO COLLECTIVIZE ! FIELDS & FACTORIES4  ,9 ,>AGON & ,CATALUNYA MILLIONS ( WORK]S & PEASANTS LIV$ 9 LIB]T>IAN COMMUNES & WORK$ 9 COLLECTIVIZ$ 9DU/RIES ?AT LA/$ A YE> OR LONG]1 DEP5D+ ON ! =TUNES ( W>4  ,SOMETIMES !Y ORGANIZ$ 9DEP5D5TLY ( ! ,C,N,T1 & SOMETIMES ! ,C,N,T S]V$ AS A COORD9AT+ /RUCTURE4  ,BUT ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP HELP$ TO NEUTRALIZE ?IS NASC5T REVOLUTION1 JO9+ ! SOCIALI/S & REPUBLICANS 9 AN ANTIFASCI/ UNITY GOV]NM5T & DIRECT+ ! C\RSE ( ! /RUGGLE )\T PUTT+ !SE DECISIONS TO A G5]AL REF]5DUM4  ,AL?\< MANY PEOPLE W]E ORGANIZ+ ! REVOLUTION ON !IR [N 9ITIATIVE1 9FLU5TIAL PEOPLE 9 ! ,C,N,T DECID$ ! TIME WAS NOT RI<T1 & 9 ! 5D ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T & !IR ,COMMUNI/ BACK]S DE/ROY$ MANY ( !SE AN>*I/ SOCIAL EXP]IM5TS BE=E ! FASCI/S GOT ! *ANCE4 

,?R\<\T ! W>1 ,HITL] & ,MUSSOL9I SUPPORT$ ! FASCI/S -- & EV5 ! ,BRITI% GAVE COV]T SUPPORT -- BUT ! ANTIFASCI/S ONLY HAD ! DUBI\S AID ( ! ,SOVIET ,UNION4  ,/AL9 9 FACT WANT$ TO PROLONG ! W> BUT NOT TO W9 IT4  ,:AT WAS MORE IMPORTANT TO ! ,COM9T]N WAS ?AT ,HITL] W\LD BE 5TIC$ TO MAKE A NON-AGGRESSION TREATY ) ! ,SOVIETS2 ?AT ! ,SPANI% GOV]NM5T W\LD S5D ,MOSC[ ITS GOLD RES]VES 9 EX*ANGE = >MAM5TS2 & ?AT ,SPA9 W\LD BECOME ! GRAVEY>D ( ,/AL9'S 5EMIES1 NAMELY ! ,TROTSKYI/S & AN>*I/S4  ,HE ACCOMPLI%$ ALL ?REE GOALS4  ,= ! LATT]1 ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY E/ABLI%$ SECRET POLICE & POLITICAL COMMISS>S ?AT ACT$ ) IMPUNITY 9 ,SPA91 SUPPOS$LY 9 S]VICE ( ! ,REPUBLIC BUT UND] ! FULL CONTROL ( ,MOSC[4  ,! SECRET POLICE LIQUIDAT$ ,SPA9'S SMALL ,TROTSKYI/ P>TY4  ,! AN>*I/S HAD TOO MU* SUPPORT TO CONFRONT DIRECTLY1 BUT ! BUREAUCRATIC AN>*I/S W]E BR\<T 9TO ! GOV]NM5T & ?US NEUTRALIZ$1 & ! MILITANTS W]E 9CORPORAT$ 9TO ! >MY & S5T (F TO ! FRONT4  ,! FAM$ ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRIGADES W]E AN OPPORTUNE TOOL = ! ,/AL9I/S TO EXECUTE HUNDR$S ( POLITICAL OPPON5TS1 ACCUS$ ( BE+ FASCI/ 9=MANTS1 :O HAD COME FROM ALL OV] ,EUROPE TO GIVE !MSELVES 9TO ! S]VICE ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,IGNORANT ( LOCAL CONDITIONS1 !Y ALSO HELP$ SUPPRESS ! PEASANT COLLECTIVES 9 ,>AGON4 

,! FASCI/S WON ! W>1 & !IR DICTATOR%IP REIGN$ = =TY YE>S4  ,DUR+ ?IS TIME1 ! RESI/ANCE NEV] /OPP$4  ,! COMMUNI/ GU]RILLAS1 BETRAY$ BY ! ,SOVIET ,UNION1 W]E QUICKLY LIQUIDAT$ 9 ,&ALUCIA & ELSE:]E4  ,O!RS W]E MORE SUCCESSFUL4  ,! ,BASQUE LEFTW+ NATIONALI/ ORGANIZATION ,E,T,A BEGAN A GU]RILLA W> ?AT CONT9UES TODAY4   ,NUM]\S AN>*I/ GU]RILLA CELLS =M$ AFT] ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I & REMA9$ ACTIVE = ! DURATION ( ! DICTATOR%IP4  ,FROM EXILE 9 ,FRANCE1 ! ,C,N,T COORD9AT$ WEAPONS SMUGGL+ & NUM]\S ASSASS9ATION ATTEMPTS AGA9/ ,FRANCO1 AL?\< PROGRESSIVELY ! ORGANIZATION BECAME MORE CONS]VATIVE1 NOT WANT+ TO UPSET ! ,FR5* GOV]NM5T4  ,& !IR SECURITY PRACTICES W]E WOEFULLY 9ADEQUATE 9 A WORLD ( EVOLV+ POLICE TACTICS & TE*NOLOGIES4 ,! ,FR5* POLICE PASS$ NAMES & PLANS TO ! ,SPANI% POLICE1 :O W]E ABLE TO CAT* & KILL MANY ( ! GU]RILLAS ?AT ASSOCIAT$ ) ! ,C,N,T AS !Y CROSS$ 9TO ,CATALUNYA4  ,MANY ( ! Y\NG MILITANTS BROKE ) ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP 9 ORD] TO CONT9UE ! GU]RILLA W>4 

,FROM E>LY ON1 ! AN>*I/S & GR\PS LIKE ,E,T,A W]E L>GELY ALONE 9 !IR FI<T AGA9/ ! FASCI/ DICTATOR%IP4 ,9 #aie ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES RE/OR$ DIPLOMATIC RELATION%IPS ) ,SPA91 OP5LY 5LI/+ ,FRANCO 9 ! ,COLD ,W> & F9ANCIALLY BACK+ HIS REGIME4 ,! ,UNIT$ ,NATIONS FOLL[$ SUIT %ORTLY !REAFT]1 EV5 GIV+ ! FASCI/ /ATE A PO/ 9 ,U,N,E,S,C,O4 ,BUT SOLID>ITY WAS NOT LACK+4 ,! #a/ ( ,MAY MOVEM5T1 ACTIVE ?R\<\T ,EUROPE1 & LAT] ! ,ANGRY ,BRIGADES 9 ! ,U,K1 SUPPORT$ ! ANTIFASCI/ /RUGGLE ) BANK ROBB]IES1 =G]IES1 & ATTACKS ON ,SPANI% EMBASSIES & O!R T>GETS4 ,?IS GU]RILLA MOVEM5T WAS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR 9 REVIV+ ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ACROSS ! CONT95T1 AFT] IT HAD DI$ A PROTRACT$ & VIOL5T DEA? 9 ! #cS UND] FASCI/ & /AL9I/ DICTATOR%IPS4 

,AFT] ,FRANCO DI$ PEACEFULLY 9 HIS B$ & ,E,T,A ASSASS9AT$ HIS SUCCESSOR1 5D+ ! POSSIBILITY ( A SMOO? CONT9UATION ( ! FASCI/ GOV]NM5T1 AN>*I/S BEGAN TO ACT PUBLICLY AGA9 9 ,SPA94  ,! ,C,N,T PLAY$ AN IMPORTANT ROLE 9 ! 0,TRANSITION10 ?\< !RE IS LITTLE 9=MATION 9 ,5GLI% AB\T ?IS P]IOD4  ,ONE DAY ,I WALK$ 9TO ! ,C,N,T BOOK/ORE ON ,JOAQU9 ,CO/A /REET 9 ,RAVAL TO 9T]VIEW ,NA*O1 AN ELD]LY MEMB] ( ! ORGANIZATION :O LIV$ ?R\< !SE YE>S4  ,SITT+ D[N AT A TABLE 9 ! EV5T ROOM1 ,NA*O TOLD ME AB\T ! DEVELOPM5T ( WORK]S' MOVEM5TS AFT] ,FRANCO'S DEA?4   ,WORK]S ORGANIZ$ SMALL DEMON/RATIONS & /RIKES ON A LOCAL LEVEL4  ,9 #a#i#g#f1 ! AN>*I/S & COMMUNI/S BEGAN PRES5T+ !MSELVES PUBLICLY = ! FIR/ TIME4  ,! ,C,N,T HAD PRACTICALLY DISAPPE>$1 BUT !Y BEGAN TO ORGANIZE PROTE/S & SURPRIS$ !MSELVES ) ! RESULTS4  ,EVID5TLY1 ! PEOPLE /ILL REMEMB]$ ! AN>*I/S1 & AS MANY AS #c1 PEOPLE CAME TO E>LY M>*ES 9 ,VAL5CIA & ,MADRID1 EV5 ?\< ! FASCI/S  W]E /ILL 9 P[]1 NEGOTIAT+ A TRANSITION TO A DEMOCRATIC MON>*Y ?AT LEFT MANY ( ! SAME PEOPLE 9 (FICE4 

,! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ ORGANIZATION F\ND ITS GREATE/ SUPPORT 9 ! ,CATALAN VILLAGES4  ,SOON ! ,C,N,T HAD TWO HUNDR$ UNIONS & #a1 MEMB]S 9 ,CATALUNYA4  ,WORK]S ) ! ,C,N,T LAUN*$ MAJOR /RIKES 9 ! ,ROCA C]AMICS FACTORY1 & 9 ! GAS /ATIONS ( ,B>CELONA4  ,! /RIK]S HAD TO DEF5D !MSELVES FROM FASCI/ GANGS & FROM SOCIALI/ & COMMUNI/ ATTEMPTS TO BREAK ! /RIKE4  ,!SE E>LY SUCCESSES MADE AN IMPRESSION ON ! WORK]S1 & ! MOVEM5T KEPT GR[+4  ,9 ,JULY1 #a#i#g#g1 ! ,C,N,T HELD ITS FIR/ PUBLIC MEET+4  #c1 PEOPLE CR[D$ TO ! MEET+ AT ,MONTJUIC1 9 ,B>CELONA4  ,%ORTLY !REAFT] ! ,C,N,T HELP$ CONVOKE AN 9T]NATIONAL LIB]T>IAN GA!R+1 :I* ATTRACT$ #f1 PEOPLE TO ! V>I\S MEET+S1 DEBATES1 & ACTIVITIES4  ,! POLICE W5T ON ATTACK+ & TORTUR+ DISSID5TS1 BUT PEOPLE W]E TALK+ ( A NEW REVOLUTION4 

,! COMMUNI/S & SOCIALI/S EXPECT$ TO BE ABLE TO CONTROL ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T1 BUT !Y W]E QUICKLY BECOM+ OV]%AD[$4  ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ATTEMPT$ TO BR+ POPUL> DISS5T )9 (FICIAL *ANNELS3 9 EX*ANGE = LEGALIZATION !Y *ANG$ !IR /ATUTES TO REMOVE WORDS LIKE 0,M>XI/-,L59I/0 & TO ]ASE !IR OPPOSITION TO MON>*Y4  ,! SOCIALI/S1 REPUBLICANS1 & COMMUNI/S 5T]$ ! 0,MONCLAU ,PACT10 DULY JO9+ ! MON>*I/S & ! FASCI/S -- R5AM$ 0CONS]VATIVES0 -- 9 ! NEW GOV]NM5T1 BUT ! AN>*I/S REFUS$ TO COOP]ATE4  ,SPA9'S ,9T]IOR ,M9I/] SAID HE WAS MO/ WORRI$ BY ! AN>*I/S1 \T ( ALL ! SOCIAL MOVEM5TS4 

,! ,C,N,T ORGANIZ$ A PROTE/ AGA9/ ! ,MONCLAU ,PACT4  ,OV] #b1 PEOPLE M>*$ D[N ,AV+UDA ,P>ALLEL 9 ,B>CELONA4  ,AFT] ! M>*1 >\ND #a3 9 ! AFT]NOON1 A Y\NG MAN ?REW A MOLOTOV COCKTAIL AT ! ,SCALA P>TY HALL1 NE> ,PASSEIG DE ,SANT ,JOAN ON ! O!R SIDE ( ! CITY4  ,! BUILD+ QUICKLY W5T UP 9 FLAMES1 KILL+ F\R WORK]S  :O HAD BE5 WORK+ 9 ! BACK4  ,?REE ( !M W]E ,C,N,T MEMB]S4  ,! EV5+ PAP]S1 & ALL SUBSEQU5T M$IA COV]AGE1 ACCUS$ ! AN>*I/S ( SETT+ ! FIRE4  ,/>T+ ! V]Y NEXT DAY1 POLICE BEGAN >RE/+ L>GE NUMB]S ( AN>*I/S1 BLAM+ !M = ! >SON4  ,AN EX-COP WORK+ AT A KIOSK ACROSS ! /REET SAID HE SAW SEV]AL WELL DRESS$ M5 5T] & EXIT ! BUILD+ BE=E ! FIRE1 BUT HE WAS KILL$ BE=E ! TRIAL4  ,! C\RTS DID NOT ACCEPT ! TE/IMONY ( ,C,N,T AFFILIATES1 NOR DID !Y ALL[ EVID5CE ?AT ! BUILD+ HAD BE5 RIGG$ ) PHOSPHOR\S4  ,ALSO1 ! GOV]NM5T QUICKLY PAID AB\T #b MILLION PESETAS 9 9DEMNITY TO ! [N]S ( ! ,SCALA1 EV5 ?\< !Y W]5'T REQUIR$ TO4  ,NA*O PO9T$ \T DRYLY ?AT IF ,E,T,A KILLS A COP1 ! GOV]NM5T DOESN'T GIVE ! FAMILY MONEY2 !Y CAN ONLY COLLECT IF ! DEA? IS AN ACCID5T4  ,AFT] ! FIRE & ! >RE/S1 ! ,C,N,T BEGAN TO DECL9E & ! REVOLUTION>Y ATMOSPH]E SLIPP$ AWAY4 

,ACCORD+ TO SOME CRITIQUES1 ! ,C,N,T'S MY?IC /ATUS MADE IT ! C5T] ( ATT5TION & ! *IEF 9/IGATOR1 ULTIMATELY OB/RUCT+ ! REVOLUTION4  ,:5 ! ORGANIZATION WAS DEMONIZ$ & RESPOND$ BY DI/ANC+ ITSELF FROM VIOL5CE & CONFLICTIVITY1 NO?+ MORE C\LD HAPP5 AS LONG AS ! MASSES W]E LOOK+ TO ! ,C,N,T TO />T ! REVOLUTION4  ,ACCORD+ TO ,NA*O1 MANY PEOPLE W]E SC>$ (F BY ! WAVE ( >RE/S1 ?9K+ ?AT ! DICTATOR%IP W\LD RETURN IF !Y KEPT ROCK+ ! BOAT4  ,O!RS HAD LITTLE 9=MATION BESIDES :AT !Y SAW 9 ! M$IA1 & ?\<T ?AT AN>*I/S REALLY DID JU/ WANT TO BURN EV]Y?+ D[N4 

,! ,C,N,T P]SI/$ AS A MAJOR =CE1 FOCUS+ ON SOCIAL PROBLEMS AS MU* AS LABOR PROBLEMS4  ,C,N,T SECTIONS ?R\<\T ! VILLAGES BEGAN PR9T+ BULLET9S & ORGANIZ+ TO W9 ! RI<T TO ABORTION & DIVORCE1 IMPROVE WAT] QUALITY & HEAL? C>E1 /OP HI<WAYS FROM BE+ BUILT ?R\< !IR T[N1 & O!R ISSUES4  ,AS A :OLE ! ORGANIZATION BEGAN MOBILIZ+ TO BR+ ! WORK WEEK D[N FROM #dh H\RS TO #ce H\RS4  ,SOON1 ! GOV]NM5T MANUFACTUR$ A NEW SITUATION TO WEAK5 ! AN>*I/S4 

,! NEW LABOR LAWS DECL>$ ?AT A COMPANY'S WORK]S W\LD VOTE = !IR UNION REPRES5TATIVES1 ELECT+ A LABOR C\NCIL COMPRIS$ ( DELEGATES FROM ! DIFF]5T UNIONS4  ,!SE C\NCILS W\LD !N MAKE DECISIONS & NEGOTIATE B5EFITS ON BEHALF ( ! WORK]S = ! NEXT F\R YE>S4  ,! DELEGATES W]E NOT 9 DANG] ( LOS+ !IR JOBS1 !Y RECEIV$ #d FREE H\RS A MON?1 & O!R B5EFITS4  ,! UNIONS1 MEAN:ILE1 W\LD RECEIVE T5S ( MILLIONS ( PESETAS 9 GOV]NM5T SUBSIDIES4  ,NA*O EXPLA9$ ?AT ! ,C,N,T REFUS$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 !SE LABOR ELECTIONS1 BECAUSE !Y W\LD TURN ! UNION REPRES5TATIVES 9TO POLITICIANS4  0,! DOG DOESN'T BITE ! H& ?AT FE$S HIM10 HE GRUMBL$4  ,BUT AFT] !SE RE=MS1 !Y W]E EXCLUD$ FROM NEGOTIATIONS 9 LABOR CONFLICTS4  ,IT BECAME H>D] TO MAKE DEM&S OR ORGANIZE A /RIKE4  ,A /RONG CONFLICT SPREAD ?R\< ! ORGANIZATION AS SOME MEMB]S PROPOS$ ?AT !Y *ANGE !IR PR9CIPLES & P>TICIPATE 9 ! ELECTIONS4  ,!Y >GU$ ?AT BECOM+ AN 9TEGRAT$ UNION W\LD ALL[ !M TO ORGANIZE )\T FE> ( GETT+ FIR$1 & TO SPREAD ,C,N,T PROPAG&A 9 ! WORKPLACE1 LIKE ! O!R UNIONS W]E ALL[$ TO DO4  ,FROM #aigi TO #aihc ! MEMB]S >GU$ OV] ?IS QUE/ION AT SEV]AL NATIONAL CONGRESSES BUT !Y REA*$ NO AGREEM5T4  ,MANY ,C,N,T LOCALS BEGAN TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! ELECTIONS ON !IR [N4  ,9 #aihd ALL ! DISSID5T UNIONS ASSEMBL$ 9 ,MADRID4  ,NA*O'S DESCRIPTION ( ! EV5T WAS ALMO/ ,ORWELLIAN4  ,! GOV]NM5T L5T !M A PALACE = !IR MEET+ PLACE1 & POLICE GU>D$ ! GA!R+1 SUPPOS$LY TO PROTECT !M FROM AN ATTACK BY OR?ODOX C5ETI/AS4 ,AT ?IS CONGRESS1 ALL ! GR\PS ?AT WANT$ TO 9TEGRATE =M$ A SECOND1 P>ALLEL ,C,N,T4 

,FROM ?AT PO9T !RE BEGAN AN >GUM5T AB\T :E!R ?IS SECOND ORGANIZATION %\LD BE ALL[$ TO USE ! ,C,N,T 9ITIALS4  ,!RE W]E ALSO FI<TS OV] MONEY4  ,AS P>T ( ! ,TRANSITION1 ! GOV]NM5T HAD TO PAY DAMAGES TO 5TITIES ?AT HAD LO/ ASSETS TO ! FASCI/S4  ,! ,C,N,T F\<T = ITS 9H]ITANCE1 & 9 ! 5D IT ONLY WON A SMALL SUM1 MU* SMALL] ?AN :AT WAS GIV5 TO ! ,U,G,T1 ! SOCIALI/ UNION1 EV5 ?\< ! TWO HAD BE5 ( A COMP>ABLE SIZE AT ! TIME ( ! FASCI/ C\P4  ,/ILL1 ! ,C,N,T GOT PAYM5TS WOR? SEV]AL MILLION EUROS1 & ! DIFF]5T SECTIONS F\<T OV] :O GOT TO KEEP ?IS4  ,NATURALLY1 ! PRESS GAVE LOTS ( 9K TO ! DISPUTE1 REVEL+ 9 ! /]EOTYPE ( 9FI<T+1 DISORGANIZ$ AN>*I/S1 & ! UNION LO/ MORE MEMB]S4  ,NA*O ALSO SAID !RE W]E FULL PAGE /ORIES 9 ALL ! PAP]S FEATUR+ ! UNIONS ?AT WANT$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! LABOR ELECTIONS1 PORTRAY+ !M AS ! RESPONSIBLE FACTION4 

,SOME )9 ! OR?ODOX ,C,N,T WANT$ TO FI<T = ! NAME1 :ILE O!RS ?\<T IT WAS A BAD IDEA4  ,ULTIMATELY1 A NEW ,C,N,T MEMB] :O HAD PREVI\SLY BE5 KICK$ \T ( A COMMUNI/ GR\P1 & WAS ?\<T BY SOME TO BE A PROVOCATEUR1 BR\<T A LAWSUIT DEM&+ ?AT ! SECOND ,C,N,T NOT BE ALL[$ TO USE ! NAME4  ,AFT] ?REE OR F\R YE>S1 !Y WON1 & ! SECOND GR\P *ANG$ ITS 9ITIALS TO ,C,G,T -- ,CONF$]ACION ,G5]AL DE ,TRABAJO4 

,OV] ! NEXT DECADES1 WORK] P>TICIPATION 9 ! UNIONS DROPP$ %>PLY1 AS WORK]S SAW ?AT ! UNIONS DIDN'T PROTECT !M ANY BETT] ?AN ! POLITICAL P>TIES4  ,! DIM9I%+ ,C,N,T HAD A FEW MIX$ VICTORIES 9 ?IS P]IOD1 ?\< 9 G5]AL !Y C\LD DO LITTLE MORE ?AN HELP WORK]S 9 SMALL CONFLICTS & W9 GOOD SEV]ANCE PAY = ?OSE :O GOT FIR$4  ,9 ONE CASE1 T5 YE>S AGO1 PEOPLE WORK+ 9 ! TRANSPORT ( DANG]\S MAT]IALS 9 ,CATALUNYA ORGANIZ$ ) ! ,C,N,T TO GO ON /RIKE AFT] !IR EMPLOY]S ADOPT$ *ANGES ?AT W\LD ALL[ !M TO FIRE ! OLD] WORK]S4  ,! SOCIALI/ UNION WAS UPSET ?AT ! ,C,N,T HAD BE5 ABLE TO ORGANIZE ! WORK]S & SIDEL9E ! (FICIAL UNION1 SO !Y MET ) ! BOSSES JU/ BE=E ! /RIKE WAS TO />T & TOOK CR$IT = ! RESULT+ VICTORY4 

,A C\PLE YE>S AGO1 ,C,N,T WORK]S 9 ! ,M]CADONA SUP]M>KET *A9 ORGANIZ$ A /RIKE AGA9/ !IR %ORT-T]M CONTRACTS & 9SECURE EMPLOYM5T4  ,NA*O WAS CRITICAL3 ! WORK]S W]E 9EXP]I5C$1 !Y WANT$ TO CONDUCT A PEACEFUL1 LEGAL /RIKE1 FEW ( ! WORK]S P>TICIPAT$1 & !Y GAVE UP AFT] AN E>LY SETBACK4  0,! /RUGGLE DOESN'T WORK IF Y\ DON'T FI<T ! COMPANY4  ,Y\ DON'T HAVE TO GO BACK TO ! #bS & #cS1 %OOT+ AT ! BOSSES1 BUT IT'S GOOD TO ?R[ /9K BOMBS OR RELEASE RATS 9 !IR (FICES4  ,A LITTLE GLUE 9 ! LOCKS10 HE SMIL$ AT ME4  ,AFT] ! FAILURE ( ! ,M]CADONA /RIKE1 MANY ( ! WORK]S BURN$ \T & LEFT ! MOVEM5T4 

,CURR5TLY1 !RE W]E ONLY ?IRTY TO =TY ,C,N,T SYNDICATES 9 ,CATALUNYA1 & !Y C\LD DO LITTLE MORE ?AN FOCUS ON LOCAL PROBLEMS & MA9TA9 ! ORGANIZATION4  ,!RE WAS A FUR!R SPLIT1 & N[ SOME ( ! ,C,N,T LOCALS1 9CLUD+ ! GR\P ON ,JOAQU9 ,CO/A1 W]E NO LONG] F$]AT$4  ,NA*O *ALK$ IT UP TO 9T]NAL T5SIONS RESULT+ FROM V>I\S PROBLEMS & FAILURES1 :I* W]E EXAC]BAT$ 0BECAUSE WE >E FEW PEOPLE -- Y\ NOTICE IT MORE40  ,BUT LATELY !Y W]E TRY+ TO UNIFY MORE ) ALL ! LIB]T>IAN SYNDICATES1 9CLUD+ ! ,C,G,T4  ,9 ! MEANTIME1 ! ,JOAQU9 ,CO/A GR\P CONT9U$ TO RUN ! LIB]T>IAN BOOK/ORE1 HOLD AN>*I/ EV5TS1 SUPPORT LABOR /RUGGLES :]E !Y CROPP$ UP1 & PUBLI% ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A -- ! C5TURY OLD AN>*I/ PAP]4 

,I ASK$ ,NA*O H[ ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ /RATEGY HAD *ANG$ OV] ! DECADES1 ) ALL ! *ANGES TO ! ECONOMY & SOCIETY4  ,FACTORIES W]E CLOS+ D[N1 !RE WAS LITTLE LEFT ( WORK]S' CULTURE OR COMMON SOLID>ITY1 SO :AT ROLE C\LD LABOR ORGANIZ+ PLAY8  ,HE ?\<T A MOM5T & SAID1 0,I W\LD SUGGE/ ?AT !RE IS NO ADOPT$ /RATEGY4  ,WE DO IT :ILE M>*+ =W>D1 CONFRONT+ P[]40 

,:Y WAS ! RECLAIM+ ( HI/ORY IMPORTANT = ! /RUGGLE8  ,BECAUSE = =TY YE>S !Y SAID ?AT ! MURD]]S W]E ! R$S1 & ALL ! R$S W]E COMMUNI/S1 & N[ ?AT ! FASCI/S HAD FALL5 FROM GRACE1 ! COMMUNI/S BECAME ! H]OES4  ,BUT !Y W]E BIGG] TRAITORS ?AN ! FASCI/S1 ACCORD+ TO ,NA*O4  ,S9CE ! #fS1 ,M>XISM HAD BE5 TAU<T 9 ,SPANI% UNIV]SITIES1 BUT AN>*ISM WAS SUPPRESS$4  ,UND] ! SOCIALI/ ,9T]IOR ,M9I/] ( ,CATALUNYA1 ,SAURA1 !RE W]E PL5TY ( TELEVISION PROGRAMS AB\T ! ,CIVIL ,W> & ! RESI/ANCE AGA9/ ,FRANCO1 BUT ! AN>*I/S ALWAYS JO9$ ! FASCI/S 9 PLAY+ ! ROLE ( ! BAD GUYS4 ,EV5 9 ,SPA91 MANY PEOPLE DIDN'T REALIZE ?AT AN>*Y IS POSSIBLE1 & ?AT ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T PLAY$ A CRUCIAL ROLE 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ CAPITALISM & FASCISM4  ,! SOCIALI/S1 ,CATALAN LEFT REPUBLICANS1 & RI<T-W+]S W]E UNIT$ 9 ]AS+ AN>*ISM FROM HI/ORY4  ,:O CONTROLS ! PRES5T CONTROLS ! PA/4  ,:O CONTROLS ! PA/ CONTROLS ! FUTURE4 

,I REM>K$ ?AT ,5GLI%-SPEAK]S W]E LUCKY 9 ?IS RESPECT1 BECAUSE ONE ( ! MO/ POPUL> ,5GLI% BOOKS ON ! TOPIC WAS ,GEORGE ,ORWELL'S ,HOMAGE TO ,CATALONIA1 ONE ( ! FEW ACC\NTS BY AN \TSID] TO PORTRAY ! AN>*I/S FAIRLY4  ,AT ! O!R EXTREME1 ,HEM+WAY FAI?FULLY TO$ ! P>TY L9E1 PORTRAY+ ! AN>*I/S AS DRUNK>DS1 IDIOTS1 & FASCI/ 9FILTRATORS1 & GLORIFY+ ! ,/AL9I/ SECRET POLICE1 EV5 AS ! ,P>TY PAID = HIS LODG+S 9 A LUXURY HOTEL 9 ,MADRID4  ,IT'S SAD3 ,HEM+WAY WAS A MU* BETT] WRIT] ?AN ,ORWELL1 BUT ?R\< ! SIMPLE LACK ( HONE/Y & C\RAGE1 A TAL5T$ G5IUS C\LD BECOME A SORDID HACK4 

,NA*O FUM$ = A :ILE AB\T ALL ! REVISIONISM1 & !N SAID HE WAS DONE2 HE HAD TO GET BACK TO ! BOOK/ORE4  ,WE HAD BE5 TALK+ AN H\R1 ?\< ! CONV]SATION /RET*$ OV] YE>S4  ,AS ,NA*O L$ ME \T ! DOOR1 ,I M5TION$ ! SQUATT]S4  ,HE HADN'T UND]/OOD ?AT ,I WAS ONE ( !M4  0,!Y'RE H>D TO WORK )10 HE %RUGG$4  0,!Y DON'T LIKE US4  ,!Y ?9K WE /OP O!R PEOPLE FROM TAK+ ACTION40  ,I KNEW IMM$IATELY :I* CRITIQUE ( ! SYNDICALI/S HE WAS REF]R+ TO4  ,MANY ( ! AUTONOM\S-M9D$ SQUATT]S HAD LITTLE SYMPA?Y = =MAL ORGANIZATIONS1 REPRES5TATIVES1 & F$]ALISM4 ,SOME FELT ?AT !Y PROVID$ ! /ATE A MEANS = RECUP]AT+ ! /RUGGLE1 O!RS ?\<T !Y 9EVITABLY BECAME BUREAUCRATIC & TOP-HEAVY -- ?\< FEW W\LD D5Y SOLID>ITY TO PEOPLE 9 ! ,C,N,T4  0,BUT ,I DON'T WANT TO /OP ANYONE10 SAID ,NA*O4  0,I JU/ DO IT ?IS WAY4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#a1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #da -- ,ADD$4 

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