,! ,WAGE ,SY/EM 

#aib 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TAGS 3 SCALE ( WAGES1 CO/ ( PRODUCTION1 9/RUM5TS ( LABOR1 ABOLITION ( PRIVATE1 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION1 EQUALITY ( WAGES1 PRODUCTION ( LABOR1 PRIVILEGES ( $UCATION1 COM=TS ( LIFE1 DEBIT & CR$IT4 

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,NEW ,$ITION4 #a#i#b4 

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,PHOTO BY ,NAN ,PALM]O1,C,C ,B,Y ,LIC5SE ,9 !IR PLAN = ! RECON/RUCTION ( SOCIETY1 ! ,COLLECTIVI/S COMMIT1 9 \R OP9ION1 A D\BLE ]ROR4 ,:IL/ SPEAK+ ( ! ABOLITION ( ! RULE ( CAPITAL1 !Y WI%1 NEV]!LESS1 TO MA9TA9 TWO 9/ITUTIONS :I* =M ! V]Y BASIS ( ?AT RULE1 NAMELY1 REPRES5TATIVE GOV]NM5T & ! WAGE SY/EM4 

,AS = REPRES5TATIVE GOV]NM5T1 IT REMA9S ABSOLUTELY 9COMPREH5SIBLE TO US H[ 9TELLIG5T M5 7& !Y >E NOT WANT+ AMONG ! ,COLLECTIVI/S7 CAN CONT9UE TO BE ! P>TIZANS ( NATIONAL & MUNICIPAL P>LIAM5TS1 AFT] ALL ! LESSONS ON ?IS SUBJECT BE/[$ ON US BY HI/ORY1 :E!R 9 ,5GL& OR 9 ,FRANCE1 9 ,G]MANY1 ,SWITZ]L& OR ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,:IL/ P>LIAM5T>Y RULE IS SE5 TO BE EV]Y:]E FALL+ TO PIECES2 :IL/ ITS PR9CIPLES 9 !MSELVES--& NO LONG] M]ELY !IR APPLICATIONS-->E BE+ CRITICIZ$ 9 EV]Y DIRECTION1 H[ CAN 9TELLIG5T M5 CALL+ !MSELVES ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALI/S1 SEEK TO MA9TA9 A SY/EM ALREADY CONDEMN$ TO DEA?8  

,REPRES5TATIVE GOV]NM5T IS A SY/EM :I* WAS ELABORAT$ BY ! MIDDLE CLASS TO MAKE HEAD AGA9/ ROYALTY &1 AT ! SAME TIME1 TO MA9TA9 & AUGM5T !IR DOM9ATION ( ! WORK]S4 ,IT IS ! *>ACT]I/IC =M ( MIDDLE-CLASS RULE4 ,BUT EV5 ITS MO/ >D5T ADMIR]S HAVE NEV] S]I\SLY CONT5D$ ?AT A P>LIAM5T OR MUNICIPAL BODY DOES ACTUALLY REPRES5T A NATION OR A CITY2 ! MORE 9TELLIG5T >E AW>E ?AT ?IS IS IMPOSSIBLE4 ,BY UPHOLD+ P>LIAM5T>Y RULE ! MIDDLE CLASS HAVE BE5 SIMPLY SEEK+ TO OPPOSE A DAM BETWE5 !MSELVES & ROYALTY1 OR BETWE5 !MSELVES & ! T]RITORIAL >I/OCRACY1 )\T GIV+ LIB]TY TO ! PEOPLE4 ,IT IS MOREOV] PLA9 ?AT1 AS ! PEOPLE BECOME CONSCI\S ( !IR 9T]E/S1 & AS ! V>IETY ( ?OSE 9T]E/S 9CREASES1 ! SY/EM BECOMES UNWORKABLE4 ,& ?IS IS :Y ! DEMOCRATS ( ALL C\NTRIES >E SEEK+ = DIFF]5T PALLIATIVES OR CORRECTIVES & CANNOT F9D !M4 ,!Y >E TRY+ ! ,REF]5DUM1 & DISCOV]+ ?AT IT IS WOR?LESS2 !Y PRATE ( PROPORTIONAL REPRES5TATION1 ( ! REPRES5TATION ( M9ORITIES1 & O!R P>LIAM5T>Y UTOPIAS4 ,9 A WORD1 !Y >E /RIV+ TO DISCOV] ! UNDISCOV]ABLE2 ?AT IS TO SAY1 A ME?OD ( DELEGATION :I* %ALL REPRES5T ! MYRIAD V>I$ 9T]E/S ( ! NATION2 BUT !Y >E BE+ =C$ TO RECOGNIZE ?AT !Y >E UPON A FALSE TRACK1 & CONFID5CE 9 GOV]NM5T BY DELEGATION IS PASS+ AWAY4 

,IT IS ONLY ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS & ,COLLECTIVI/S :O >E NOT LOS+ ?IS CONFID5CE1 :O >E ATTEMPT+ TO MA9TA9 SO-CALL$ NATIONAL REPRES5TATION2 & ?IS IS :AT WE CANNOT UND]/&4 

,IF \R ,AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES DO NOT SUIT !M1 IF !Y ?9K !M 9APPLICABLE1 !Y \<T1 AT LEA/1 AS IT SEEMS TO US1 TO TRY TO DISCOV] :AT O!R SY/EM ( ORGANIZATION C\LD WELL CORRESPOND TO A SOCIETY )\T CAPITALI/S OR L&LORDS4 ,BUT TO TAKE ! MIDDLE CLASS SY/EM--A SY/EM ALREADY 9 ITS DECAD5CE1 A VICI\S SY/EM IF EV] !RE WAS ONE--& TO PROCLAIM ?IS SY/EM 7) A FEW 9NOC5T CORRECTIONS1 SU* AS ! IMP]ATIVE M&ATE1 OR ! ,REF]5DUM ! USELESSNESS ( :I* HAS BE5 DEMON/RAT$ ALREADY7 GOOD = A SOCIETY ?AT HAS PASS$ ?R\< ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION1 IS :AT SEEMS TO US ABSOLUTELY 9COMPREH5SIBLE1 UNLESS UND] ! NAME ( ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION !Y UND]/& SOME?+ V]Y DIFF]5T FROM ,REVOLUTION1 SOME PETTY BOT*+ ( EXI/+1 MIDDLE-CLASS RULE4 

,! SAME ) REG>D TO ! WAGE SY/EM4 ,AFT] HAV+ PRO-CLAIM$ ! ABOLITION ( PRIVATE PROP]TY & ! POSSESSION 9 COMMON ( ! 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION1 H[ CAN !Y SANCTION ! MA9T5ANCE ( ! WAGE SY/EM UND] ANY =M8 ,& YET ?IS IS :AT ! ,COLLECTIVI/S >E DO+ :5 !Y PRAISE ! EFFICI5CY ( LABOR NOTES4  

,?AT ! ,5GLI% ,SOCIALI/S ( ! E>LY P>T ( ?IS C5TURY %\LD 9V5T LABOR NOTES IS COMPREH5SIBLE4 ,!Y W]E SIMPLY TRY+ TO RECONCILE ,CAPITAL & ,LABOR4 ,!Y REPUDIAT$ ALL IDEA ( LAY+ VIOL5T H&S UPON ! PROP]TY ( ! CAPITALI/S4 ,!Y W]E SO LITTLE ( REVOLUTION>IES ?AT !Y DECL>$ !MSELVES READY TO SUBMIT EV5 TO IMP]IAL RULE1 IF ?AT RULE W\LD FAVOR !IR COOP]ATIVE SOCIETIES4 ,!Y REMA9$ MIDDLE CLASS M5 AT BOTTOM1 IF *>ITABLE ONES2 & ?IS IS :Y 7,5GELS HAS SAID SO 9 HIS PREFACE TO ! ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O ( #a#h#d#h7 ! ,SOCIALI/S ( ?AT P]IOD W]E TO BE F\ND AMONG ! MIDDLE CLASS1 :IL/ ! ADVANC$ WORKM5 W]E ,COMMUNI/S4 

,IF LAT] ,PR\DHON TOOK UP ?IS SAME IDEA1 ?AT AGA9 IS EASY TO UND]/&4 ,:AT WAS HE SEEK+ 9 HIS ,MUTUALI/ SY/EM1 IF NOT TO R5D] CAPITAL LESS (F5SIVE1 DESPITE ! MA9T5ANCE ( PRIVATE PROP]TY1 :I* HE DETE/$ TO ! BOTTOM ( HIS HE>T1 BUT :I* HE BELIEV$ NECESS>Y TO GU>ANTEE ! 9DIVIDUAL AGA9/ ! /ATE8 ,FUR!R1 IF ECONOMI/S1 BELONG+ MORE OR LESS TO ! MIDDLE CLASS1 ALSO ADMIT LABOR NOTES1 IT IS NOT SURPRIS+4 ,IT MATT]S LITTLE TO !M :E!R ! WORK] BE PAID 9 LABOR NOTES OR 9 CO9 /AMP$ ) ! EFFIGY ( K+ OR REPUBLIC4 ,!Y WANT TO SAVE1 9 ! COM+ OV]?R[1 PRIVATE PROP]TY 9 9HABIT$ H\SES1 ! SOIL1 ! MILLS2 OR1 AT LEA/1 9 9HABIT$ H\SES & ! CAPITAL NECESS>Y = ! PRODUCTION ( MANUFACTURES4 ,& TO MA9TA9 ?IS PROP]TY1 LABOR NOTES WILL ANSW] V]Y WELL4 

,IF ! LABOR NOTE CAN BE EX*ANG$ = JEWELS & C>RIAGES1 ! [N] ( H\SE PROP]TY WILL WILL+LY ACCEPT IT AS R5T4 ,& AS LONG AS ! 9HABIT$ H\SE1 ! FIELD & ! MILL BELONG TO 9DIVIDUAL [N]S1 SO LONG WILL IT BE REQUISITE TO PAY !M 9 SOME WAY BE=E !Y WILL ALL[ Y\ TO WORK 9 !IR FIELDS OR !IR MILLS1 OR TO LODGE 9 !IR H\SES4 ,& IT WILL ALSO BE REQUISITE TO PAY WAGES TO ! WORK]1 EI!R 9 GOLD OR 9 PAP] MONEY OR 9 LABOR NOTES EX*ANGEABLE = ALL SORTS ( COMMODITIES4 

,BUT H[ CAN ?IS NEW =M ( WAGES1 ! LABOR NOTE1 BE SANCTION$ BY ?OSE :O ADMIT ?AT H\SES1 FIELDS1 MILLS >E NO LONG] PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ?AT !Y BELONG TO ! COMMUNE OR ! NATION8   

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,LET US EXAM9E MORE CLOSELY ?IS SY/EM = ! REMUN]ATION ( LABOR1 AS SET =? BY ! ,5GLI%1 ,FR5*1 ,G]MAN & ,ITALIAN ,COLLECTIVI/S4"9 

,IT COMES V]Y MU* TO ?IS3 ,EV]Y ONE WORKS1 BE IT 9 FIELDS1 9 FACTORIES1 9 S*OOLS1 9 HOSPITALS OR :AT NOT4 ,! WORK+ DAY IS REGULAT$ BY ! /ATE1 TO :I* BELONG ! SOIL1 FACTORIES1 MEANS ( COMMUNICATION & ALL ! RE/4 ,EA* WORK]1 HAV+ DONE A DAY'S WORK1 RECEIVES A LABOR NOTE1 /AMP$1 LET US SAY1 ) !SE WORDS3 EI<T H\RS ( LABOR4 ,) ?IS NOTE HE CAN PROCURE ANY SORT ( GOODS 9 ! %OPS ( ! /ATE OR ! V>I\S CORPORATIONS4 ,! NOTE IS DIVISIBLE 9 SU* A WAY ?AT ONE H\R'S WOR? ( MEAT1 T5 M9UTES' WOR? ( MAT*ES1 OR HALF-AN-H\R'S WOR? ( TOBACCO CAN BE PUR*AS$4 ,9/EAD ( SAY+3 0TWO P5NYWOR? ( SOAP10 AFT] ! ,COLLECTIVI/ ,REVOLUTION !Y WILL SAY3 0 FIVE M9UTES' WOR? ( SOAP40 

,MO/ ,COLLECTIVI/S1 FAI?FUL TO ! DI/9CTION E/ABLI%$ BY ! MIDDLE-CLASS ECONOMI/S 7& ,M>X ALSO7 BETWE5 QUALIFI$ 7SKILL$7 & SIMPLE 7UNSKILL$7 LABOR1 TELL US ?AT QUALIFI$ OR PR(ESSIONAL TOIL %\LD BE PAID A C]TA9 NUMB] ( TIMES MORE ?AN SIMPLE TOIL4 ,?US1 ONE H\R ( ! DOCTOR'S WORK %\LD BE CONSID]$ AS EQUIVAL5T TO TWO OR ?REE H\RS ( ! WORK ( ! NURSE1 OR ?REE H\RS ( ?AT ( ! NAVVY4 0,PR(ESSIONAL OR QUALIFI$ LABOR WILL BE A MULTIPLE ( SIMPLE LABOR10 SAYS ! ,COLLECTIVI/ ,GRONLUND1 BECAUSE ?IS SORT ( LABOR DEM&S A LONG] OR %ORT] APPR5TICE%IP4 

,O!R ,COLLECTIVI/S1 ! ,FR5* ,M>XI/S = EXAMPLE1 DO NOT MAKE ?IS DI/9CTION4 ,!Y PROCLAIM 0EQUALITY ( WAGES40 ,! DOCTOR1 ! S*OOLMA/] & ! PR(ESSOR WILL BE PAID 79 LABOR NOTES7 AT ! SAME RATE AS ! NAVVY4 ,EI<T H\RS SP5T 9 WALK+ ! HOSPITALS WILL BE WOR? ! SAME AS EI<T H\RS SP5T 9 NAVVIES' WORK OR 9 ! M9E OR ! FACTORY4 

,SOME MAKE A FUR!R CONCESSION2 !Y ADMIT ?AT DISAGREEABLE1 OR UNHEAL?Y LABOR1 SU* AS ?AT 9 ! SEW]S1 %\LD BE PAID AT A HI<] RATE ?AN WORK :I* IS AGREEABLE4 ,ONE H\R ( S]VICE 9 ! SEW]S MAY C\NT1 !Y SAY1 = TWO H\RS ( ! LABOR ( ! PR(ESSOR4 ,LET US ADD ?AT C]TA9 ,COLLECTIVI/S ADVOCATE ! :OLESALE REMUN]ATION ( TRADE SOCIETIES4 ,?US1 ONE SOCIETY MAY SAY3 0,H]E >E A HUNDR$ TONS ( /EEL4 ,TO PRODUCE !M ONE HUNDR$ WORK]S ( \R SOCIETY HAVE TAK5 T5 DAYS2 AS \R DAY CONSI/$ ( EI<T H\RS1 ?AT MAKES EI<T ?\S& H\RS ( LABOR = ONE HUNDR$ TONS ( /EEL2 EI<TY H\RS A TON40 ,UPON :I* ! ,/ATE WILL PAY !M EI<T ?\S& LABOR NOTES ( ONE H\R EA*1 & !SE EI<T ?\S& NOTES WILL BE DI/RIBUT$ AMONG ! FELL[-WORK]S 9 ! F\NDRY AS SEEMS BE/ TO !MSELVES4 

,OR AGA91 IF ONE HUNDR$ M9]S HAVE SP5T TW5TY DAYS 9HEW+ EI<T ?\S& TONS ( COAL1 ! COAL WILL BE WOR? TWO H\RS A TON1 & ! SIXTE5 ?\S& LABOR NOTES = ONE H\R EA* RECEIV$ BY ! M9]S' UNION WILL BE DIVID$ AMONG !M AS !Y ?9K FAIR4 

,IF !RE BE DISPUTES3 IF ! M9]S PROTE/ & SAY ?AT A TON ( /EEL \<T TO CO/ SIX H\RS ( LABOR 9/EAD ( EI<T2 OR IF ! PR(ESSOR RATE HIS DAY TWICE AS HI< AS ! NURSE2 !N ! ,/ATE MU/ /EP 9 & REGULATE !IR DIFF]5CES4 

,SU*1 9 A FEW WORDS1 IS ! ORGANIZATION :I* ! ,COLLECTIVI/S DESIRE TO SEE >IS+ FROM ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,AS WE HAVE SE51 !IR PR9CIPLES >E3 COLLECTIVE PROP]TY 9 ! 9/RUM5TS ( LABOR & REMUN]ATION ( EA* WORK] ACCORD+ TO ! TIME SP5T 9 PRODUCTIVE TOIL1 TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ! PRODUCTIV5ESS ( HIS WORK4 ,AS = !IR POLITICAL SY/EM1 IT W\LD BE P>LIAM5T>Y RULE1 AMELIORAT$ BY ! *ANGE ( M5 9 P[]1 ! IMP]ATIVE M&ATE1 & ! REF]5DUM--I4E41 ! G5]AL VOTE ( ,YES OR ,NO UPON QUE/IONS SUBMITT$ TO ! POPUL> DECISION4 

,N[1 WE MU/ AT ONCE SAY ?AT ?IS SY/EM SEEMS TO US ABSOLUTELY 9CAPABLE ( REALIZATION4 

,! ,COLLECTIVI/S BEG9 BY PROCLAIM+ A REVOLUTION>Y PR9CIPLE--! ABOLITION ( PRIVATE PROP]TY--&1 AS SOON AS PROCLAIM$1 !Y D5Y IT1 BY MA9TA9+ AN ORGANIZATION ( PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION SPR++ FROM PRIVATE PROP]TY4 

,!Y PROCLAIM A REVOLUTION>Y PR9CIPLE & IGNORE ! CONSEQU5CES IT MU/ NECESS>ILY BR+ AB\T4 ,!Y =GET ?AT ! V]Y FACT ( ABOLI%+ 9DIVIDUAL PROP]TY 9 ! 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION 7L&1 FACTORIES1 MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 CAPITAL7 MU/ CAUSE SOCIETY TO SET \T 9 A NEW DIRECTION2 ?AT IT MU/ *ANGE PRODUCTION FROM TOP TO BOTTOM1 *ANGE NOT ONLY ITS ME?ODS BUT ITS 5DS2 ?AT ALL ! EV]YDAY RELATIONS BETWE5 9DIVIDUALS MU/ BE MODIFI$ AS SOON AS L&1 MA*9]Y & ! RE/ >E CONSID]$ AS COMMON POSSESSIONS4 

,!Y SAY3 0,NO PRIVATE PROP]TY02 & IMM$IATELY !Y HA/5 TO MA9TA9 PRIVATE PROP]TY 9 ITS EV]YDAY =MS4 0,= PRODUCTIVE PURPOSES Y\ >E A COMMUNE10 !Y SAY2 0! FIELDS1 ! TOOLS1 ! MA*9]Y1 ALL ?AT HAS BE5 MADE UP TO ?IS DAY--MANUFACTURES1 RAILWAYS1 :>VES1 M9ES TO ALL ( Y\ 9 COMMON4 ,NOT ! SLI<TE/ DI/9CTION WILL BE MADE CONC]N+ ! %>E ( EA* ONE 9 ?IS COLLECTIVE PROP]TY4 

0,BUT FROM TOMORR[ Y\ >E M9UTELY TO DISCUSS ! P>T ?AT EA* ONE ( Y\ IS TO TAKE 9 MAK+ ! NEW MA*9ES1 DIGG+ ! NEW M9ES4 ,FROM TOMORR[ Y\ >E TO 5DEAVOR TO WEI< EXACTLY ! PORTION :I* WILL ACCRUE TO EA* ONE FROM ! NEW PRODUCE4 ,Y\ >E TO C\NT Y\R M9UTES ( WORK1 Y\ >E TO BE ON ! WAT* LE/ ONE MOM5T ( Y\R NEI<BOR'S TOIL MAY PUR*ASE MORE ?AN Y\RS4 

0,Y\ >E TO CALCULATE Y\R H\RS & Y\R M9UTES ( LABOR1 & S9CE ! H\R MEASURES NO?+1--S9CE 9 ONE FACTORY A WORKMAN CAN WAT* F\R LOOMS AT ONCE1 :IL/ 9 ANO!R HE ONLY WAT*ES TWO1 Y\ >E TO WEI< ! MUSCUL> =CE1 ! 5]GY ( BRA91 ! 5]GY ( N]VE EXP5D$4 ,Y\ >E SCRUPUL\SLY TO C\NT UP ! YE>S ( APPR5TICE%IP1 ?AT Y\ MAY VALUE PRECISELY ! %>E ( EA* ONE AMONG Y\ 9 ! PRODUCTION ( ! FUTURE4 ,& ALL ?IS1 AFT] Y\ HAVE DECL>$ ?AT Y\ LEAVE 5TIRELY \T ( Y\R RECKON+ ! %>E HE HAS TAK5 9 ! PA/40 

,WELL1 IT IS EVID5T TO US ?AT A SOCIETY CANNOT ORGANIZE ITSELF UPON TWO ABSOLUTELY OPPOS+ PR9CIPLES1 TWO PR9CIPLES :I* CONTRADICT ONE ANO!R AT EV]Y /EP4 ,& ! NATION OR ! COMMUNE :I* %\LD GIVE TO ITSELF SU* AN ORGANIZATION W\LD BE =C$ EI!R TO RETURN TO PRIVATE PROP]TY OR ELSE TO TRANS=M ITSELF IMM$IATELY 9TO A COMMUNI/ SOCIETY4 

,I,I,I4--,U,N,E,Q,U,A,L ,R,E,M,U,N,],A,T,I,O,N4 

,WE HAVE SAID ?AT MO/ ,COLLECTIVI/ WRIT]S DEM& ?AT 9 ,SOCIALI/ SOCIETY REMUN]ATION %\LD BE BAS$ UPON A DI/9CTION BETWE5 QUALIFI$ OR PR(ESSIONAL LABOR & SIMPLE LABOR4 ,!Y ASS]T ?AT AN H\R ( ! 5G9E]'S1 ! >*ITECT'S OR ! DOCTOR'S WORK %\LD BE C\NT$ AS TWO OR ?REE H\RS' WORK FROM ! BLACKSMI?1 ! MASON OR ! NURSE4 ,& ! SAME DI/9CTION1 SAY !Y1 \<T TO BE E/ABLI%$ BETWE5 WORK]S :OSE TRADES REQUIRE A LONG] OR %ORT] APPR5TICE%IP & ?OSE :O >E M]E DAY LABOR]S4 

,YES1 BUT TO E/ABLI% ?IS DI/9CTION IS TO MA9TA9 ALL ! 9- EQUALITIES ( \R EXI/+ SOCIETY4 ,IT IS TO TRACE \T BE=EH& A DEM>CATION BETWE5 ! WORK] & ?OSE :O CLAIM TO RULE HIM4 ,IT IS /ILL TO DIVIDE SOCIETY 9TO TWO CLE>LY DEF9$ CLASSES3 AN >I/OCRACY ( KN[L$GE ABOVE1 A HORNY-H&$ DEMOCRACY BEL[2 ONE CLASS DEVOT$ TO ! S]VICE ( ! O!R2 ONE CLASS TOIL+ ) ITS H&S TO N\RI% & CLO! ! O!R1 :IL/ ?AT O!R PR(ITS BY ITS LEISURE TO LE>N H[ TO DOM9ATE ?OSE :O TOIL = IT4 

,?IS IS TO TAKE ! DI/9CTIVE FEATURES ( MIDDLE-CLASS SOCIETY & SANCTION !M BY A SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS TO ]ECT 9TO A PR9CIPLE AN ABUSE :I* TO-DAY IS CONDEMN$ 9 ! SOCIETY ?AT IS BREAK+ UP4 

,WE KN[ V]Y WELL :AT WILL BE SAID 9 ANSW]4 ,WE %ALL BE TOLD AB\T 0,SCI5TIFIC ,SOCIALISM40 ,! MIDDLE-CLASS ECONOMI/S1 & ,M>X1 TOO1 WILL BE CIT$ TO PROVE ?AT !RE A GOOD REASON = A SCALE ( WAGES1 = ! 0LABOR =CE0 ( ! 5G9E] CO/S SOCIETY MORE ?AN ! 0LABOR =CE0 ( ! NAVVY4 ,&1 9DE$1 HAVE NOT ! ECONOMI/S /RIV5 TO PROVE ?AT1 IF ! 5G9E] IS PAID TW5TY TIMES MORE ?AN ! NAVVY1 IT IS BECAUSE ! CO/ NECESS>Y TO PRODUCE AN 5G9E] IS MORE CONSID]ABLE ?AN ?AT NECESS>Y TO PRODUCE A NAVVY8 ,& HAS NOT ,M>X MA9TA9$ ?AT ! LIKE DI/9CTION BETWE5 V>I\S SORTS ( MANUAL LABOR IS ( EQUAL LOGICAL NECESSITY8 ,HE C\LD COME TO NO O!R CONCLUSION1 S9CE HE TOOK UP ,RIC>DO'S !ORY ( VALUE & 9SI/$ ?AT PRODUCTS EX*ANGE 9 PROPORTION TO ! QUANTITY ( ! WORK SOCIALLY NECESS>Y TO PRODUCE !M4 

,BUT WE KN[ ALSO H[ MU* ( ALL ?IS TO BELIEVE4 ,WE KN[ ?AT IF ! 5G9E]1 ! SCI5TI/ & ! DOCTOR >E PAID TODAY T5 OR A HUNDR$ TIMES MORE ?AN ! LABOR]1 & ! WEAV] E>NS ?REE TIMES AS MU* AS ! TOIL] 9 ! FIELDS & T5 TIMES AS MU* AS A MAT* GIRL1 IT IS NOT BECAUSE :AT !Y RECEIVE IS 9 PROPORTION TO !IR V>I\S CO/S ( PRODUCTION4 ,RA!R IT IS 9 PROPORTION TO ! EXT5T ( MONOPOLY 9 $UCATION & 9 9DU/RY4 ,! 5G9E]1 ! SCI5TI/ & ! DOCTOR SIMPLY DRAW !IR PR(ITS FROM !IR [N SORT ( CAPITAL--!IR DEGREE1 !IR C]TIFICATES--JU/ AS ! MANUFACTUR] DRAWS A PR(IT FROM A MILL1 OR AS A NOBLEMAN US$ TO DO FROM HIS BIR? & TITLE4 

  

,WAGE ,SY/EM1 ,COV] ,:5 ! EMPLOY] PAYS ! 5G9E] TW5TY TIMES MORE ?AN ! WORKMAN1 HE MAKES ?IS V]Y SIMPLE CALCULATION3 IF AN 5G9E] CAN SAVE HIM ,G,B,P#d1 A YE> 9 CO/ ( PRODUCTION1 HE WILL PAY HIM ,G,B,P#h A YE> TO DO IT4 ,& IF HE SEES A =EMAN IS A CLEV] SWEAT] & CAN SAVE HIM ,G,B,P#d 9 H&ICRAFT1 HE AT ONCE (F]S HIM ,G,B,P#h OR ,G,B,P#i A YE>4 ,HE EXP5DS ,G,B,P#a :]E HE C\NTS UPON GA9+ ,G,B,P#a12 ?AT IS ! ESS5CE ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 ,& ! LIKE HOLDS GOOD ( ! DIFF]5CES 9 V>I\S TRADES4 

,:]E !N IS ! S5SE ( TALK+ ( ! CO/ ( PRODUCTION ( LABOR =CE1 & SAY+ ?AT A /UD5T :O PASSES A M]RY Y\? AT ! ,UNIV]SITY1 HAS A RI<T TO T5 TIMES HI<] WAGES ?AN ! SON ( A M9] :O HAS P9$ 9 A PIT S9CE HE WAS ELEV58 ,OR ?AT A WEAV] HAS A RI<T TO WAGES ?REE OR F\R TIMES HI<] ?AN ?OSE ( AN AGRICULTURAL LABOR]8 ,! EXP5DITURE NE$$ TO PRODUCE A WEAV] IS NOT F\R TIMES AS GREAT AS ! NECESS>Y CO/ ( PRODUC+ A FIELD WORK]4 ,! WEAV] SIMPLY B5EFITS BY ! ADVANTAGE\S POSITION :I* 9DU/RY 5JOYS 9 ,EUROPE AS COMP>$ ) P>TS ( ! WORLD :]E AT PRES5T !RE IS NO 9DU/RIAL DEVELOPM5T4 

,NO ONE HAS EV] E/IMAT$ ! REAL CO/ ( PRODUCTION ( LABOR =CE4 ,& IF AN IDL] CO/S SOCIETY MU* MORE ?AN AN HONE/ WORKMAN1 IT /ILL REMA9S TO BE KN[N IF1 :5 ALL IS TOLD 79FANT MORTALITY AMONG ! WORK]S1 ! RAVAGES ( ANOEMIA ! PREMATURE DEA?S7 A /URDY DAY LABOR] DOES NOT CO/ SOCIETY MORE ?AN AN >TISAN4 

,>E WE TO BE TOLD ?AT1 = EXAMPLE1 ! LS4 A DAY ( A ,LONDON WORKWOMAN & ! #cD4 A DAY ( ! ,AUV]GNE PEASANT :O BL9DS H]SELF OV] LACE-MAK+1 REPRES5T ! CO/ ( PRODUCTION ( !SE WOM58 ,WE >E P]FECTLY AW>E ?AT !Y (T5 WORK = EV5 LESS1 BUT WE KN[ ALSO ?AT !Y DO IT 5TIRELY BECAUSE1 ?ANKS TO TO \R SPL5DID SOCIAL ORGANIZATION1 !Y W\LD DIE ( HUNG] )\T !SE RIDICUL\S WAGES4 

,! EXI/+ SCALE ( WAGES SEEMS TO US A HI<LY COMPLEX PRODUCT ( TAXATION1 GOV]NM5T 9T]F]5CE1 MONOPOLY & CAPITALI/IC GRE$--9 A WORD1 ( ! ,/ATE & ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 ,9 \R OP9ION ALL ! !ORIES MADE BY ECONOMI/S AB\T ! SCALE ( WAGES HAVE BE5 9V5T$ AFT] ! EV5T TO JU/IFY EXI/+ 9JU/ICES4 ,IT IS NE$LESS TO REG>D !M4 

,WE >E1 H[EV]1 C]TA9 TO BE 9=M$ ?AT ! ,COLLECTIVI/ WAGE SCALE WILL1 AT ALL EV5TS1 BE AN IMPROVEM5T4 0,Y\ MU/ ADMIT10 WE %ALL BE TOLD1 0?AT IT WILL1 AT LEA/1 BE BETT] TO HAVE A CLASS ( WORK]S PAID AT TWICE OR ?REE TIMES ! ORD9>Y RATE ?AN TO HAVE ,RO?S*ILDS1 :O PUT 9TO !IR POCKETS 9 ONE DAY MORE ?AN A WORKMAN CAN 9 A YE>4 ,IT WILL BE A /EP T[>DS EQUALITY40 

,TO US IT SEEMS A /EP AWAY FROM IT4 ,TO 9TRODUCE 9TO A ,SOCIALI/ SOCIETY ! DI/9CTION BETWE5 ORD9>Y & PR(ESSIONAL LABOR W\LD BE TO SANCTION BY ! ,REVOLUTION & ]ECT 9TO A PR9CIPLE A BRUTAL FACT1 TO :I* WE M]ELY SUBMIT TODAY1 CONSID]+ IT ALL ! :ILE AS UNJU/4 ,IT W\LD BE ACT+ AFT] ! MANN] ( ?OSE G5TLEM5 ( ! ,F\R? ( ,AUGU/1 #a#g#h#i1 :O PROCLAIM$1 9 HI< S\ND+ PHRASEOLOGY1 ! ABOLITION ( FEUDAL RI<TS1 & ON ! ,EI<T ( ,AUGU/ SANCTION$ ?OSE V]Y RI<TS BY IMPOS+ UPON ! PEASANTS ! DUES BY :I* !Y W]E TO BE R$EEM$ FROM ! NOBLES4 ,OR AGA91 LIKE ! ,RUSSIAN GOV]NM5T AT ! TIME ( ! EMANCIPATION ( ! S]FS :5 IT PROCLAIM$ ?AT ! L& H5CE=? BELONG$ TO ! NOBILITY1 :]EAS PREVI\SLY IT WAS CONSID]$ AN ABUSE ?AT ! L& :I* BELONG$ TO ! PEASANTS %\LD BE B\<T & SOLD BY PRIVATE P]SONS4 

,OR1 TO TAKE A BETT] KN[N EXAMPLE1 :5 ! ,COMMUNE ( #ahga DECID$ TO PAY ! MEMB]S ( ! ,COMMUNA#a ,C\NCIL #a#bS4 #fD4 A DAY1 :IL/ ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>DS ON ! RAMP>T A HAD ONLY LS4 #cD41 C]TA9 P]SONS APPLAUD$ ?IS DECISION AS AN ACT ( GR& DEMOCRATIC EQUALITY4 ,BUT1 9 REALITY1 ! ,COMMUNE DID NO?+ !REBY BUT SANCTION ! ANCI5T 9EQUALITY BETWE5 (FICIALS & SOLDI]S1 GOV]NORS & GOV]N$4 ,= AN ,OPPORTUNI/ P>LIAM5T SU* A DECISION MI<T HAVE SEEM$ SPL5DID1 BUT = ! ,COMMUNE IT WAS A NEGATION ( ITS [N PR9CIPLES4 ,! ,COMMUNE WAS FALSE TO ITS [N REVOLUTION>Y PR9CIPLE1 & BY ?AT V]Y FACT CONDEMN$ IT4 

,9 ! PRES5T /ATE ( SOCIETY :5 WE SEE ,CAB9ET ,M9I/]S PAY+ !MSELVES ?\S&S A YE>1 :IL/ ! WORKMAN HAS TO CONT5T HIMSELF ) LESS ?AN A HUNDR$2 :5 WE SEE ! =EMAN PAID TWICE OR ?REE TIMES AS MU* AS ! ORD9>Y H&1 & :5 AMONG WORK]S !MSELVES !RE >E ALL SORTS ( GRADATIONS FROM #gS4 OR #hS4 A DAY D[N TO ! #cD4 ( ! SEMP/RESS1 WE DISAPPROVE ! L>GE SAL>Y ( ! M9I/]1 & ALSO ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! >TISANS EI<T-%ILL+S & ! SEMP/RESS' ?REE-P5CE4 ,& WE SAY1 0,LET US HAVE DONE ) PRIVILEGES ( $UCATION AS WELL AS ( BIR?40 ,WE >E ,AN>*I/S JU/ BECAUSE SU* PRIVILEGES DISGU/ US4 

,H[ CAN WE !N RAISE !SE PRIVILEGES 9TO A PR9CIPLE8 ,H[ CAN WE PROCLAIM ?AT PRIVILEGES ( $UCATION >E TO BE ! BASIS ( AN EQUAL SOCIETY1 )\T /RIK+ A BL[ AT ?AT V]Y ,SOCIETY4 ,:AT IS SUBMITT$ TODAY1 WILL BE SUBMITT$ TO NO LONG] 9 SOCIETY BAS$ ON EQUALITY4 ,! G5]AL ABOVE ! SOLDI]1 ! RI* 5G9E] ABOVE ! WORKMAN1 ! DOCTOR ABOVE ! NURSE1 ALREADY DISGU/ US4 ,CAN WE SUFF] !M 9 A SOCIETY :I* />TS BY PROCLAIM+ EQUALITY8 

,EVID5TLY NOT4 ,! POPUL> CONSCI5CE1 9SPIR$ BY ! IDEA ( EQUALITY1 WILL REVOLT AGA9/ SU* AN 9JU/ICE1 IT WILL NOT TOL]ATE IT4 ,IT IS NOT WOR? :ILE TO MAKE ! ATTEMPT4  

,?AT IS :Y C]TA9 ,COLLECTIVI/S1 UND]/&+ ! IMPOSSIBILITY ( MA9TA9+ A SCALE ( WAGES 9 A SOCIETY 9SPIR$ BY ! 9FLU5CES ! ,REVOLUTION1 ZEAL\SLY ADVOCATE EQUALITY 9 WAGES4 ,BUT !Y ONLY /UMBLE AGA9/ FRE% DIFFICULTIES1 & !IR EQUALITY ( WAGES BECOMES A ,UTOPIA AS 9CAPABLE ( REALIZATION AS ! WAGE SCALE ( ! O!RS4 ,A SOCIETY ?AT HAS SEIZ$ UPON ALL SOCIAL WEAL?1 & HAS PLA9LY ANN\NC$ ?AT ALL HAVE A RI<T TO ?IS WEAL?1 :ATEV] MAY BE ! P>T !Y HAVE TAK5 9 CREAT+ IT 9 ! PA/1 WILL BE OBLIG$ TO GIVE UP ALL IDEA ( WAGES1 EI!R 9 MONEY OR 9 LABOR NOTES4 

,I,V4 ,E,Q,U,A,L ,W,A,G,E,S V]SUS  ,C,O,M,M,U,N,I,S,M4  

0,TO EA* ACCORD+ TO HIS DE$S10 SAY ! ,COLLECTIVI/S1 OR RA!R ACCORD+ TO HIS %>E ( S]VICE R5D]$ TO SOCIETY4 ,& ?IS IS ! PR9CIPLE !Y RECOMM5D AS ! BASIS ( ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION1 AFT] ! ,REVOLUTION %ALL HAVE MADE ALL ! 9/RUM5TS ( LABOR & ALL ?AT IS NECESS>Y = PRODUCTION COMMON PROP]TY6 

,WELL1 IF ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION %\LD BE SO UN=TUNATE AS TO PROCLAIM ?IS PR9CIPLE1 IT W\LD BE /EMM+ ! TIDE ( HUMAN PROGRESS1 IT W\LD BE LEAV+ UNSOLV$ ! HUGE SOCIAL PROBLEM CA/ BY PA/ C5TURIES UPON \R %\LD]S4 

,IT IS TRUE ?AT 9 SU* A SOCIETY AS \RS1 :]E ! MORE A MAN WORKS ! LESS HE IS PAID1 ?IS PR9CIPLE MAY SEEM1 AT FIR/ SI<T1 ALL ASPIRATION T[>DS JU/ICE4 ,BUT AT BOTTOM IT IS BUT ! CONSECRATION ( PA/ 9JU/ICE4 ,IT IS ) ?IS PR9CIPLE ?AT ! WAGE SY/EM />T$1 TO 5D :]E IT IS TODAY1 9 CRY+ 9EQUALITIES & ALL ! ABOM9ATIONS ( ! PRES5T /ATE ( ?+S4 ,& IT HAS 5D$ ?US BECAUSE1 FROM ! DAY ON :I* SOCIETY BEGAN TO VALUE S]VICES 9 ! MONEY OR ANY O!R SORT ( WAGES1 FROM ! DAY ON :I* IT WAS SAID ?AT EA* %\LD HAVE ONLY :AT HE C\LD SUCCE$ 9 GETT+ PAID = HIS WORK1 ! :OLE HI/ORY ( ,CAPITALISM 7! ,/ATE AID+ !RE97 WAS WRITT5 BE=EH&2 ITS G]M WAS 5CLOS$ 9 ?IS PR9CIPLE4 

,MU/ WE !N RETURN TO \R PO9T ( DEP>TURE & PASS ONCE MORE ?R\< ! SAME PROCESS ( CAPITALI/ EVOLUTION8 ,!SE !ORI/S SEEM TO DESIRE IT2 BUT HAPPILY IT IS IMPOSSIBLE2 ! ,REVOLUTION WILL BE ,COMMUNI/IC2 OR IT WILL BE DR[N$ 9 BLOOD1 & MU/ BE BEGUN ALL OV] AGA94 

,S]VICE R5D]$ TO SOCIETY1 BE IT LABOR 9 FACTORY OR FIELD1 OR MORAL S]VICE1 CANNOT BE VALU$ 9 MONET>Y UNITS4 ,!RE CANNOT BE AN EXACT MEASURE ( ITS VALUE1 EI!R ( :AT HAS BE5 IMPROP]LY CALL$ ITS 0VALUE 9 EX*ANGE0 OR ( ITS VALUE 9 USE4 ,IF WE SEE TWO 9DIVIDUALS1 BO? WORK+ = YE>S1 = FIVE H\RS DAILY1 = ! COMMUNITY1 AT TWO DIFF]5T OCCUPATIONS EQUALLY PLEAS+ TO !M1 WE CAN SAY ?AT1 TAK5 ALL 9 ALL1 !IR LABORS >E R\<LY EQUIVAL5T4 ,BUT !IR WORK C\LD NOT BE BROK5 UP 9TO FRACTIONS1 SO ?AT ! PRODUCT ( EA* DAY1 EA* H\R OR EA* M9UTE ( ! LABOR ( ONE %\LD BE WOR? ! PRODUCE ( EA* M9UTE & EA* H\R ( ?AT ( ! O!R4 

,BROADLY SPEAK+1 WE CAN SAY ?AT A MAN :O DUR+ HIS :OLE LIFE DEPRIVES HIMSELF ( LEISURE = T5 H\RS DAILY HAS GIV5 MU* MORE TO SOCIETY ?AN HE :O HAS DEPRIV$ HIMSELF ( BUT FIVE H\RS A DAY1 OR HAS NOT DEPRIV$ HIMSELF ( ANY LEISURE AT ALL4 ,BUT WE CANNOT TAKE :AT ONE MAN HAS DONE DUR+ ANY TWO H\RS & SAY ?AT ?IS PRODUCE IS WOR? EXACTLY TWICE AS MU* AS ! PRODUCE ( ONE H\R'S WORK FROM ANO!R 9DIVIDUAL1 & REW>D EA* PROPORTIONATELY4 ,TO DO ?IS W\LD BE TO IGNORE ALL ?AT IS COMPLEX 9 ! 9DU/RY1 ! AGRICULTURE1 ! 5TIRE LIFE ( SOCIETY AS IT IS2 IT W\LD BE TO IGNORE ! EXT5T TO :I* ALL 9DIVIDUAL WORK IS ! \TCOME ( ! =M] & PRES5T LABORS ( SOCIETY AS A :OLE4 ,IT W\LD BE TO FANCY ONESELF 9 ! ,/ONE ,AGE1 :5 WE >E LIV+ 9 ! ,AGE ( ,/EEL4 

,GO 9TO A COAL M9E & SEE ?AT MAN /ATION$ AT ! HUGE MA*9E ?AT HOI/S & L[]S ! CAGE4 ,9 HIS H& HE HOLDS A LEV] :]EBY TO *ECK OR REV]SE ! ACTION ( ! MA*9]Y4 ,HE L[]S ! H&LE1 & 9 A SECOND ! CAGE *ANGES ! DIRECTION ( ITS GIDDY RU% UP OR D[N ! %AFT4 ,HIS EYES >E ATT5TIVELY FIX$ UPON AN 9DICATOR 9 FRONT ( HIM :I* %[S EXACTLY ! PO9T ! CAGE HAS REA*$2 NO SOON] DOES IT T\* ! GIV5 LEVEL ?AN AT HIS G5TLE/ PRESSURE IT /OPS DEAD %ORT1 NOT A FOOT ABOVE OR BEL[ ! REQUIR$ PLACE4 ,& SC>CELY >E ! FULL TRUCKS DIS*>G$ OR ! EMPTIES LOAD$ BE=E1 AT A T\* TO ! H&LE1 ! CAGE IS AGA9 SW++ UP OR D[N ! %AFT4 

,= EI<T OR T5 H\RS AT A TIME HE ?US CONC5TRATES HIS ATT5TION4 ,LET HIS BRA9 RELAX BUT = AN 9/ANT1 & ! CAGE W\LD FLY UP & %ATT] ! :EELS1 BREAK ! ROPE1 CRU% ! M51 BR+ ALL ! WORK ( ! M9E TO A /&-/ILL4 ,LET HIM LOSE ?REE SECONDS UPON EA* REV]SE ( ! LEV] &1 9 A M9E ) ALL ! MOD]N IMPROVEM5TS1 ! \TPUT WILL BE R$UC$ BY FROM TW5TY TO FIFTY TONS A DAY4 

,WELL1 IS IT HE :O R5D]S ! GREATE/ S]VICE 9 ! M9E8 ,OR IS IT1 P]HAPS1 ?AT BOY :O R+S FROM BEL[ ! SIGNAL = ! M\NT+ ( ! CAGE8 ,OR IS IT ! M9] :O RISKS HIS LIFE EV]Y MOM5T 9 ! DEP?S ( ! M9E & WILL 5D ONE DAY BY BE+ KILL$ BY FIRE-DAMP8 ,OR1 AGA91 ! 5G9E] :O W\LD LOSE ! COAL SEAM & SET M5 HEW+ B>E ROCK1 IF HE M]ELY MADE A MI/AKE 9 ! ADDITION ( HIS CALCULATIONS8 ,OR1 F9ALLY1 IS IT ! [N]1 :O HAS PUT ALL HIS PATRIMONY 9TO ! CONC]N1 & :O P]HAPS HAS SAID1 9 OPPOSITION TO ALL PREVI\S ANTICIPATIONS3 0,DIG !RE1 Y\ WILL F9D EXCELL5T COAL08 

,ALL ! WORK]S 5GAG$ 9 ! M9E CONTRIBUTE TO ! RAIS+ ( COAL 9 PROPORTION TO !IR /R5G?1 !IR 5]GY1 !IR KN[L$GE !IR 9TELLIG5CE & !IR SKILL4 ,& WE CAN SAY ?AT ALL HAVE ! RI<T TO LIVE1 TO SATISFY !IR NE$S1 & EV5 GRATIFY !IR :IMS1 AFT] ! MORE IMP]I\S NE$S ( EV]Y ONE >E SATISFI$4 ,BUT H[ CAN WE EXACTLY VALUE :AT !Y HAVE EA* DONE8 

,FUR!R1 IS ! COAL ?AT !Y HAVE EXTRACT$ 5TIRELY ! RESULT ( !IR WORK8 ,IS IT NOT ALSO ! \TCOME ( ! WORK ( ! M5 :O CON/RUCT$ ! RAILWAY LEAD+ TO ! M9E1 & ! ROADS BRAN*+ (F ON ALL SIDES FROM ! /ATIONS8 ,& :AT ( ! WORK ( ?OSE :O HAVE TILL$ & S[N ! FIELDS :I* SUPPLY ! M9]S ) FOOD1 SMELT$ ! IRON1 CUT ! WOOD 9 ! =E/1 MADE ! MA*9ES :I* WILL CONSUME ! COAL1 & SO ON8  

,NO H>D & FA/ L9E CAN BE DRAWN BETWE5 ! WORK ( ONE & ! WORK ( ANO!R4 ,TO MEASURE !M BY RESULTS LEADS TO ABSURDITY4 ,TO DIVIDE !M 9TO FRACTIONS & MEASURE !M BY H\RS ( LABOR LEADS TO ABSURDITY ALSO4 ,ONE C\RSE REMA9S3 NOT TO MEASURE !M AT ALL1 BUT TO RECOGNIZE ! RI<T ( ALL :O TAKE P>T 9 PRODUCTIVE LABOR FIR/ ( ALL TO LIVE1 & !N TO 5JOY ! COM=TS ( LIFE4 

,TAKE ANY O!R BRAN* ( HUMAN ACTIVITY1 TAKE \R EXI/5CE AS A :OLE1 & SAY :I* ( US CAN CLAIM ! HI<E/ REW>D = HIS DE$S 8 

,! DOCTOR :O HAS DIV9$ ! DISEASE OR ! NURSE :O HAS ASSUR$ ITS CURE BY H] SANIT>Y C>ES8 ,! 9V5TOR ( ! FIR/ /EAM 5G9E OR ! BOY :O ONE DAY1 TIR$ ( PULL+ ! CORD :I* =M]LY S]V$ TO OP5 ! VALVE ADMITT+ ! /EAM B5EA? ! PI/ON1 TI$ HIS CORD TO ! LEV] ( ! MA*9E1 & W5T TO PLAY ) HIS COMPANIONS1 )\T IMAG9+ ?AT HE HAD 9V5T$ ! ME*ANISM ESS5TIAL TO ALL MOD]N MA*9]Y--! AUTOMATIC VALVE8 ,! 9V5TOR ( ! LOCOMOTIVE OR ?AT ,NEWCA/LE WORKMAN :O SUGGE/$ ?AT WOOD5 SLEEP]S %\LD TAKE ! PLACE ( ! /ONES :I* W]E =M]LY PUT UND] ! RAILS & ?REW TRA9S (F ! L9E BY !IR WANT ( ELA/ICITY8 ,! DRIV] ( ! LOCOMOTIVE OR ! SIGNALMAN :O /OPS ! TRA9 OR OP5S ! WAY = IT8 ,TO :OM DO WE [E ! TRANS-,ATLANTIC CABLE8 ,TO ! 5G9E] :O P]SI/$ 9 DECL>+ ?AT ! CABLE W\LD TRANSMIT TELEGRAMS1 :IL/ ! LE>N$ ELECTRICIANS DECL>$ ?AT IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE8 ,TO ,MAURY1 ! SCI5TI/1 :O ADVIS$ ! DISUSE ( ?ICK CABLES & ! SUB/ITUTION ( ONE NO BIGG] ?AN A WALK+ /ICK8 ,OR1 AFT] ALL1 IS IT TO ?OSE VOLUNTE]S1 FROM NO ONE KN[S :]E1 :O SP5T DAY & NI<T ON ! DECK ( ! ,GREAT ,EA/]N1 M9UTELY EXAM9+ EV]Y Y>D ( CABLE & TAK+ \T ! NAILS ?AT ! %>EHOLD]S ( ! M>ITIME COMPANIES HAD /UPIDLY CAUS$ TO BE DRIV5 ?R\< ! ISOLAT+ COAT ( ! CABLE TO R5D] IT USELESS8 

,&1 9 A /ILL WID] FIELD1 ! VA/ TRACT ( HUMAN LIFE1 ) ITS JOYS1 ITS SORR[S1 & ITS V>I$ 9CID5TS1 CANNOT EA* ( US M5TION SOME ONE :O DUR+ HIS LIFE HAS R5D]$ HIM SOME S]VICE SO GREAT1 SO IMPORTANT1 ?AT IF IT W]E PROPOS$ TO VALUE IT 9 MONEY HE W\LD BE FILL$ ) 9DIGNATION8 ,?IS S]VICE MAY HAVE BE5 A WORD1 NO?+ BUT A WORD 9 SEASON1 OR IT MAY HAVE BE5 MON?S OR YE>S ( DEVOTION4 ,>E Y\ GO+ TO E/IMATE !SE1 ! MO/ IMPORTANT ( ALL S]VICES1 9 LABOR NOTES8 0,! DE$S ( EA*06 ,BUT HUMAN SOCIETIES C\LD NOT LIVE = TWO SUCCESSIVE G5]ATIONS1 !Y W\LD DISAPPE> 9 FIFTY YE>S1 IF EA* ONE DID NOT GIVE 9F9ITELY MORE ?AN WILL BE RETURN$ TO HIM 9 MONEY1 9 0NOTES0 OR 9 CIVIC REW>DS4 ,IT W\LD BE ! EXT9CTION ( ! RACE IF ! MO!R DID NOT EXP5D H] LIFE TO PRES]VE H] *ILDR51 IF EV]Y MAN DID NOT GIVE SOME ?+S )\T C\NT+ ! CO/1 IF HUMAN BE+S DID NOT GIVE MO/ :]E !Y LOOK = NO REW>D4 

,IF MIDDLE-CLASS SOCIETY IS GO+ TO RU92 IF WE >E TODAY 9 A BL9D ALLEY FROM :I* !RE IS NO ESCAPE )\T APPLY+ AX & TOR* TO ! 9/ITUTIONS ( ! PA/1 ?AT IS JU/ BECAUSE WE HAVE CALCULAT$ TOO MU*4 ,IT IS JU/ BECAUSE WE HAVE ALL[$ \RSELVES TO BE DRAWN 9TO GIV+ ?AT WE MAY RECEIVE2 BECAUSE WE HAVE DESIR$ TO MAKE SOCIETY 9TO A COMM]CIAL COMPANY BAS$ UPON DEBIT & CR$IT4 

,MOREOV]1 ! ,COLLECTIVI/S KN[ IT4 ,!Y VAGUELY COMPREH5D ?AT A SOCIETY CANNOT EXI/ IF IT LOGICALLY C>RIES \T ! PR9CIPLE1 0,TO EA* ACCORD+ TO HIS DE$S40 ,!Y SUSPECT ?AT ! NE$S 7WE >E NOT SPEAK+ ( ! :IMS7 ( ! 9DIVIDUAL DO NOT ALWAYS CORRESPOND TO HIS DE$S4 ,ACCORD+LY1 ,DE ,PAEPE TELLS US3 

0,?IS EM95TLY 9DIVIDUALI/IC PR9CIPLE WILL BE TEMP]$ BY SOCIAL 9T]V5TION = ! PURPOSE ( ! $UCATION ( *ILDR5 & Y\NG PEOPLE 79CLUD+ !IR MA9T5ANCE & NURTURE7 & BY SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS = ! ASSI/ANCE ( ! SICK & 9FIRM1 ASYLUMS = AG$ WORK]S1 ETC40  

,EV5 ,COLLECTIVI/S SUSPECT ?AT A MAN ( =TY1 ! FA!R ( ?REE *ILDR51 HAS GREAT] NE$S ?AN A Y\? ( TW5TY4 ,!Y SUSPECT ?AT A WOMAN :O IS SUCKL+ H] *ILD & SP5DS SLEEPLESS NI<TS BY ITS COT1 CANNOT GET ?R\< SO MU* WORK AS A MAN :O HAS 5JOY$ TRANQUIL SLUMB]4 

,!Y SEEM TO UND]/& ?AT A MAN OR WOMAN WORN \T BY HAV+ P]HAPS1 WORK$ OV] H>D = SOCIETY 9 G5]AL MAY F9D !MSELVES 9CAPABLE ( P]=M+ SO MANY 0 DE$S0 AS ?OSE :O TAKE !IR H\RS ( LABOR QUIETLY & POCKET !IR 0NOTES0 9 ! PRIVILEG$ (FICES ( ,/ATE /ATI/ICIANS4 

,& !Y HA/5 TO TEMP] !IR PR9CIPLE4 ,OH1 C]TA9LY1 !Y SAY1 SOCIETY WILL FE$ & BR+ UP ITS *ILDR54 ,OH1 C]TA9LY IT WILL ASSI/ ! OLD & 9FIRM4 ,OH1 C]TA9LY NE$S NOT DE$S WILL BE ! MEASURE ( ! CO/ :I* SOCIETY WILL IMPOSE ON ITSELF TO TEMP] ! PR9CIPLE ( DE$S4 

,:AT1 ,*>ITY8 ,YES1 \R OLD FRI5D1 0,*RI/IAN ,*>ITY10 ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,/ATE4 

,IMPROVE ! F\NDL+ HOSPITAL1 ORGANIZE 9SURANCE AGA9/ AGE & SICKNESS1 & ! PR9CIPLE ( DE$S WILL BE 0TEMP]$40 0,W\ND ?AT !Y MAY HEAL10 !Y CAN GET NO FUR!R4 

,?US1 !N1 AFT] HAV+ =SWORN ,COMMUNISM1 AFT] HAV+ SNE]$ AT !IR EASE AT ! =MULA1 0,TO EA* ACCORD+ TO HIS NE$S10 IS IT NOT OBVI\S ?AT !Y1 ! GREAT ECONOMI/S1 ALSO P]CEIVE ?AT !Y HAVE =GOTT5 SOME?+1 I4E41 ! NE$S ( ! PRODUC]S8 ,& !REUPON !Y HA/5 TO RECOGNIZE !SE NE$S4 ,ONLY IT IS TO BE ! ,/ATE BY :I* !Y >E TO BE E/IMAT$1 IT IS TO BE ! ,/ATE :I* WILL UND]TAKE TO F9D \T IF NE$S >E DISPROPORTIONATE TO DE$S4 

,IT IS TO BE ! ,/ATE ?AT WILL GIVE ALMS TO HIM :O IS WILL+ TO RECOGNIZE HIS 9F]IORITY4 ,FROM !NCE TO ! ,POOR ,LAW & ! ,WORKH\SE IS BUT A /ONE'S ?R[4 

,!RE IS BUT A /ONE'S ?R[ = EV5 ?IS /EP-MO!R ( A SOCIETY AGA9/ :I* WE >E 9 REVOLT1 HAS F\ND IT NECESS>Y TO TEMP] ITS 9DIVIDUALI/IC PR9CIPLE4 ,IT TOO HAS HAD TO MAKE CONCESSIONS 9 A ,COMMUNI/IC S5SE1 & 9 ?IS SAME =M ( *>ITY4 

,IT ALSO DI/RIBUTES HALFP5NY D9N]S TO PREV5T ! PILLAGE ( ITS %OPS4 ,IT ALSO BUILDS HOSPITALS1 (T5 BAD 5\<1 BUT SOMETIMES SPL5DID1 TO PREV5T ! RAVAGES ( CONTAGI\S DISEASE4 ,IT ALSO AFT] HAV+ PAID = NO?+ BUT ! H\RS ( LABOR1 RECEIVES ! *ILDR5 ( ?OSE :OM IT HAS ITSELF R$UC$ TO ! EXTREMITY ( DI/RESS4 ,IT ALSO TAKES ACC\NT ( NE$S--AS A *>ITY4 

,POV]TY1 ! EXI/5CE ( ! POOR1 WAS ! FIR/ CAUSE ( RI*ES4 ,?IS IT WAS :I* CREAT$ ! E>LIE/ CAPITALI/4 ,=1 BE=E ! SURPLUS VALUE1 AB\T :I* PEOPLE >E SO FOND ( TALK+1 C\LD BEG9 TO BE ACCUMULAT$ IT WAS NECESS>Y ?AT !RE %\LD BE POV]TY-/RICK5 WRET*ES :O W\LD CONS5T TO SELL !IR LABOR =CE RA!R ?AN DIE ( HUNG]4 ,IT IS POV]TY ?AT HAS MADE ! RI*4 ,& IF POV]TY HAD ADVANC$ BY SU* RAPID /RIDES BY ! 5D ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES1 IT WAS *IEFLY BECAUSE ! 9VASIONS & W>S1 ! CREATION ( ,/ATES & ! DEVELOPM5T ( !IR AU?ORITY1 ! WEAL? GA9$ BY EXPLOITATION 9 ! ,EA/ & MANY O!R CAUSES ( A LIKE NATURE1 BROKE ! BONDS :I* ONCE UNIT$ AGR>IAN & URBAN COMMUNITIES1 & L$ !M1 9 PLACE ( ! SOLID>ITY :I* !Y ONCE PRACTIC$1 TO ADOPT ! PR9CIPLE ( ! WAGE-SY/EM4 ,IS ?IS PR9CIPLE TO BE ! \TCOME ( ! ,REVOLUTION8 ,D>E WE DIGNIFY BY ! NAME ( A ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION ?AT NAME SO DE> TO ! HUNGRY1 ! SUFF]+ & ! OPPRESS$--! TRIUMPH ( SU* A PR9CIPLE AS ?IS8 

,IT CANNOT BE SO4 ,=1 ON ! DAY :5 ANCI5T 9/ITUTIONS SPL9T] 9TO FRAGM5TS BE=E ! AX ( ! PROLET>IAT1 VOICES WILL BE HE>D %\T+3 ,BREAD = ALL6 ,LODG+ = ALL6 ,RI<T = ALL TO ! COM=TS ( LIFE6 

,& !SE VOICES WILL BE HE$$4 ,! PEOPLE WILL SAY TO !MSELVES3 ,LET US BEG9 BY SATISFY+ \R ?IR/ = ! LIFE1 ! JOY ! LIB]TY WE HAVE NEV] KN[N4 ,& :5 ALL HAVE TA/$ HAPP9ESS1 WE WILL SET TO WORK2 ! WORK ( DEMOLI%+ ! LA/ VE/IGES ( MIDDLE-CLASS RULE1 ) ITS ACC\NT-BOOK MORALITY1 ITS PHILOSOPHY ( DEBIT & CR$IT1 ITS 9/ITUTIONS ( M9E & %9E4 0,:ILE WE ?R[ D[N WE %ALL BE BUILD+10 AS ,PR\DHON SAID2 WE %ALL BUILD 9 ! NAME ( ,COMMUNISM & ( ,AN>*Y4 

"9 ,! ,SPANI% ,AN>*I/S1 :O CONT9UE TO CALL !MSELVES ,COLLECTIVI/S1 UND]/& BY ?IS T]M COMMON POSSESSION ( ! 9/RUM5TS ( LABOR & 0LIB]TY = EA* GR\P TO %>E ! PRODUCE ( LABOR AS !Y ?9K FIT02 ON ,COMMUNI/ PR9CIPLES OR 9 ANY O!R WAY4  

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiai 3 ,! ,WAGE ,SY/EM -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#b1 #bag 3 ,! ,WAGE ,SY/EM -- ,ADD$4 
,FEBRU>Y #b#h1 #bb 3 ,! ,WAGE ,SY/EM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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