,9TRODUCTION 

#aiiaii 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,DIE ,KUN/MAS*9E1,C,C ,B,Y ,LIC5SE ,! PRES5T CONDITIONS 9 ,RUSSIA >E SO DESP]ATE ?AT IT IS A PUBLIC DUTY TO LAY BE=E ?IS C\NTRY A /ATEM5T ( !SE CONDITIONS1 ) A SOLEMN APPEAL TO ALL LOV]S ( LIB]TY & PROGRESS = MORAL SUPPORT 9 ! /RUGGLE ?AT IS N[ GO+ ON = ! CONQUE/ ( POLITICAL FRE$OM4 

,9 ! /RUGGLE = FRE$OM EA* C\NTRY MU/ WORK \T ITS [N SALVATION2 BUT WE %\LD NOT =GET ?AT !RE EXI/S A WEB ( 9T]NATIONAL SOLID>ITY BETWE5 ALL CIVILIZ$ C\NTRIES4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ! LOANS CONTRACT$ BY ! HEADS ( DESPOTIC /ATES 9 =EIGN C\NTRIES CONTRIBUTE TO SUPPORT DESPOTISM4 ,BUT ,RUSSIAN EXILES ALSO KN[ FROM !IR [N EXP]I5CE H[ ! MORAL SUPPORT :I* ! FI<T]S = LIB]TY HAVE NEV] FAIL$ TO F9D 9 ! 5LI<T5$ PORTIONS ( ! CIVILIZ$ NATIONS HAS BE5 HELPFUL TO !M1 & H[ MU* IT HAS AID$ !M TO MA9TA9 FAI? 9 ! ULTIMATE VICTORY ( FRE$OM & JU/ICE4 

,IT HAS BE5 DECID$1 !RE=E1 TO ISSUE ! PRES5T /ATEM5T19 :I*1 AFT] A C>EFUL 9QUIRY1 A L>GE AM\NT ( WELL-AU!NTICAT$ FACTS HAS BE5 BR\<T TOGE!R1 GIV+ AN 9SI<T 9TO ! DEPLORABLE CONDITIONS ?AT N[ PREVAIL 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,ATT5TION HAS BE5 *IEFLY DIRECT$ TO ! CONDITIONS :I* >E F\ND 9 ! ,RUSSIAN PRISONS & AMONG ! EXILES--CONDITIONS SO DEPLORABLE ?AT !Y LEAVE F> BEH9D ALL ?AT AS BE5 PUBLI%$ 9 ?IS C\NTRY AB\T ! ,RUSSIAN PRISONS & EXILE = ! LA/ ?IRTY YE>S--EV5 DUR+ ! REACTION ?AT SET 9 AFT] ! YE> #a#h#h#a4 

,9 PREP>+ ?IS /ATEM5T ! UTMO/ PA9S HAVE BE5 

,B 

TAK5 TO ELIM9ATE ALL FACTS & ACCUSATIONS :I* HAVE NOT BE5 AU!NTICAT$4 ,EI!R !Y HAVE BE5 (FICIALLY CORROBORAT$ BY S5T5CES ( ! ,C\RTS PRON\NC$ UPON POLICE & PRISON (FICIALS CONVICT$ ( GROSS ABUSES ( !IR P[]S2 OR !Y W]E ! SUBJECT ( 9T]PELLATIONS 9 ! ,DUMA1 & W]E NOT CONTRADICT$ BY ! ,M9I/RY2 OR !Y W]E REPORT$ 9 ! MOD]ATE PAP]S ( ! ,RUSSIAN DAILY ,PRESS1 ) A FULL SPECIFICATION ( NAMES & DATES1 NOT)/&+ ALL ! RIGORS ( C5SOR%IP1 & W]E NOT CONTRADICT$ EI!R BY ! (FICIAL 0,9=MATION ,BUREAU0 OR ! (FICIAL & SEMI(FICIAL ORGANS ( ! ,PRESS4 ,ANY EVID5CE :I*1 AL?\< SUB/ANTIALLY CORRECT1 MI<T HAVE BE5 SUSPECT$ ( EXAGG]ATION1 HAS BE5 C>EFULLY EXCLUD$4 

,!RE IS NO QUE/ION ?AT ! MOVEM5T ( ! YE>S #a#i#e-#a#i#g HAS PRODUC$ A DEEP *ANGE 9 ! :OLE ASPECT ( ?\<T & S5TIM5T 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,! PEASANT1 ! WORKMAN1 ! CL]K1 ! SMALL TRADESMAN >E NO LONG] SO SUBMISSIVE TO EV]Y RURAL POLICE (FIC] AS !Y =M]LY W]E4 ,NEW IDEAS1 NEW ASPIRATIONS1 NEW HOPES1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 A NEW 9T]E/ 9 PUBLIC LIFE HAVE BE5 DEVELOP$ 9 !M1 S9CE IT WAS (FICIALLY DECL>$ 9 ,OCTOB]1 #a#i#e1 ?AT ! NATION W\LD H5CE=W>D HAVE ! RI<T TO EXPRESS ITS WI%ES & TO EX]CISE LEGISLATIVE P[] ?R\< ITS REPRES5TATIVES1 & ?AT ! POLICY ( ! ,GOV]NM5T W\LD BE A LIB]AL POLICY4 ,BUT1 AFT] IT HAD BE5 SOLEMNLY DECL>$ ?AT ! POLITICAL LIFE ( ! C\NTRY WAS TO BE RECON/RUCT$ ON NEW PR9CIPLES1 & ?AT1 TO USE ! V]Y WORDS ( ! ,CZ>'S ,MANIFE/O1 0! POPULATION IS TO BE GIV5 ! 9VIOLABLE F\NDATION ( CIVIL RI<TS1 BAS$ ON ! ACTUAL 9VIOLABILITY ( ! P]SON1 & FRE$OM ( BELIEF1 ( SPEE*1 ( ORGANIZATION1 & MEET+ 0--AFT] ?AT DECL>ATION HAD BE5 SOLEMNLY PROMULGAT$1 ?OSE :O TRI$ TO REALIZE !SE PR9CIPLES HAVE BE5 TREAT$ AS REBELS1 GUILTY ( HI< TREASON4 

,NOT ONLY >E ! REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ADVANC$ P>TIES PROSECUT$ = ALL !Y SAID & DID DUR+ ! YE>S #a#i#f-#a#i#g1 BUT EV5 ! MO/ MOD]ATE P>TY1 ! ,OCOBRI/S1 :O TAKE !IR /&PO9T ON ! LETT] ( ! ,OCTOB] MANIFE/O1 >E TREAT$ BY ! (FICIALS1 HI< & L[1 ( ,M4 ,/OLYP9'S ,GOV]NM5T AS PREA*+ TREASONABLE DOCTR9ES4 ,! ONLY POLITICAL P>TY :I* HAS HI!RTO RECEIV$ ! ,CZ>'S P]SONAL APPROVAL1 & IS RECOGNIZ$ BY HIM AS LOYAL1 IS ! ,UNION ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,M52 BUT1 AS IT N[ APPE>S FROM REVELATIONS :I* HAVE AT LA/ REA*$ ! ,LAW ,C\RTS1 ?IS P>TY HAS NOT ONLY TAK5 A LIVELY P>T 9 ! ORGANIZATION ( POGROMS AGA9/ ! ,JEWS1 & ! 09TELLECTUALS0 9 G5]AL1 BUT ITS ,PRESID5T IS N[ 9DICT$ BE=E A ,CRIM9AL ,C\RT ON ! *>GE ( 9/IGAT+ & PAY+ = ! MURD] ( ,H]Z5/E91 A MEMB] ( ! ,FIR/ ,DUMA1 :O WAS CONSID]$ AS ! BE/ F9ANCIAL AU?ORITY 9 MATT]S CONC]N+ ! PEASANTS4 ,HE IS SIMIL>LY *>G$ ) COMPLICITY 9 ! MURD] ( ,M4 ,YOLLOS1 ANO!R RESPECT$ MEMB] ( ! SAME ,DUMA1 ALSO AN AU?ORITY ON MATT]S AFFECT+ ! PEASANTRY4#a 

,AS REG>DS ! PRES5T ,M9I/RY1 IT HAS DECL>$ ITSELF DUR+ REC5T DEBATES 9 ! ,DUMA 9CAPABLE ( GOV]N+ ! C\NTRY )\T MA9TA9+ ! /ATE ( SIEGE OV] PORTIONS ( ,RUSSIA4 ,?IS SY/EM1 H[EV]1 HAS LATELY BE5 SO MU* EXT5D$ ?AT AT ?IS MOM5T NE>LY TWO-?IRDS ( ! PROV9CES ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,EMPIRE HAVE BE5 PLAC$ UND] ! RULE ( SPECIALLY NOM9AT$ ,GOV]NORS-,G5]AL1 :O HAVE BE5 GIV5 ALMO/ DICTATORIAL P[]S1 9CLUD+ ! RI<T ( PUTT+ PEOPLE TO DEA? )\T TRIAL1 & )\T EV5 S5D+ !M BE=E A ,C\RT ,M>TIAL4 ,?IS UNHE>D-( RI<T WAS CONFIRM$ LATELY BY A DECISION ( ! ,FIR/ ,DEP>TM5T ( ! ,S5ATE1 :I* HAS RECOGNIZ$ ?AT 9 ! PROV9CES :]E A /ATE ( SIEGE HAS BE5 DECL>$ SU* A P[] ( LIFE & DEA? )\T TRIAL WAS ACTUALLY CONF]R$ UPON ! ,GOV]NORS-,G5]AL BY ! DECREE ( ! ,CZ> ORDA9+ ! RULES TO BE FOLL[$ DUR+ A /ATE ( SIEGE4 

,AT ! SAME TIME IT IS ! POLICY ( ! PRES5T ,GOV]NM5T TO 9/ITUTE PROSECUTIONS AGA9/ ALL ?OSE :O1 DUR+ ! YE>S #a#i#e-#a#i#g1 TAK+ ! WORDS ( ! ,IMP]IAL ,MANIFE/O 9 !IR PROP] S5SE1 HAD ACT$ 9 CON=MITY ) ?OSE WORDS1 CONSID]+ ?AT ! NATION HAD BE5 REALLY GRANT$ POLITICAL RI<TS4 ,! PUBLI%]S ( BOOKS1 :I* W]E ISSU$ 9 ?OSE YE>S BY ! HUNDR$ & :I* AT ?AT TIME W]E HELD TO HAVE SATISFI$ ! RULES ( C5SOR%IP1 >E N[ PROSECUT$ ON ! GR\ND ( HAV+ COMMITT$ BREA*ES ( ! LAW & >E CONDEMN$ TO ONE & TWO YE>S' IMPRISONM5T 9 A =TRESS4 ,ORGANIZ]S ( MEET+S & SPEAK]S :O W]E EXPRESS+ IDEAS ABSOLUTELY LAWFUL FROM A CON/ITUTIONAL PO9T ( VIEW >E N[ PROSECUT$ AS REVOLUTIONI/S4 ,ORGANIZ]S ( >M$ RESI/ANCE AGA9/ POGROMS 7,JEW-BAIT+7 >E N[ TREAT$ AS REVOLUTIONI/S ( ! WOR/ DESCRIPTION1 & AN UN9T]RUPT$ SUCCESSION ( TRIALS IS DIRECT$ AGA9/ M5 ( PEACEFUL LIFE = :AT IS N[ DESCRIB$ AS A BREA* ( ! LAW1 BUT WAS QUITE CON/ITUTIONAL TWO YE>S AGO4 ,9 FACT1 IT MAY BE SAID1 AS IT IS SAID 9 ! ,PRESS ( ,RUSSIA ITSELF1 ?AT !SE PROSECUTIONS CAN BE DESCRIB$ ONLY AS ! REV5GE ( BUREAUCRACY = ALL ?AT WAS SAID DUR+ ?OSE MON?S AGA9/ ITS MISRULE4 ,!SE PROSECUTIONS1 ( :I* A FEW EXAMPLES WILL BE GIV5 9 ?IS /ATEM5T1 >E 9CREAS+ SO FA/ 9 NUMB] ?AT IT IS FE>$ ?AT ALL LIB]AL-M9D$ M5 9 ,RUSSIA1 H[EV] MOD]ATE !IR OP9IONS1 WILL 9 TURN BE >RAIGN$ BE=E MILIT>Y & O!R EXCEPTIONAL ,C\RTS IF ! PRES5T REGIME CONT9UES4 

,ANO!R FEATURE ( ! PRES5T /ATE ( ?+S IS ! L>GE NUMB] ( PROSECUTIONS :I* >E A DIRECT RESULT ( ! WORK ( AG5TS PROVOCATEURS LIKE ! WELL-KN[N ,AZEFF4 ,MU* PROM95CE WAS LATELY GIV5 TO ! ,AZEFF AFFAIR1 & IT WAS 9DE$ A REM>KABLE DISCOV]Y ?AT A MAN :O HAD TAK5 MO/ ACTIVE P>T 9 ! ORGANIZATION ( ! MURD] ( ! ,M9I/] ( ! ,9T]IOR1 ,VON ,PLEHVE1 9 ,JULY1 #a#i#d1 ( ! ,GR& ,DUKE ,S]GIUS 9 #a#i#e1 & ( ,G5]AL ,BOGDANOVIT* AT ,UFA1 HAD ORGANIZ$ ALL !SE PLOTS ) ! KN[L$GE & P>TLY ) ! MONEY ( ! ,RUSSIAN SECRET POLICE1 OR AT LEA/ ( ?AT P>T ( ?AT POLICE :I* HAS = ITS SPECIAL MISSION ! ,OKHRANA 70,PROTECTION07 ( ! ,EMP]OR HIMSELF4 ,BUT ! ,AZEFF SC&ALS >E ONLY ! MO/ /RIK+ ( MANY O!R SC&ALS :I* HAVE BE5 LATELY DISCOV]$4 ,9DE$1 IT HAS BE5 PROV$ BY ! MAT]IALS BR\<T BE=E ! ,FIR/ ,DUMA BY ,PR9CE ,\R\SS(F ?AT QUITE A NUMB] ( AG5TS PROVOCATEURS W]E 9 #a#i#e-#a#i#f ORGANIZ+ POGROMS ( ! ,JEWS1 ! KILL+ ( ! 9TELLECTUALS 9 ,TOMSK & 9 ,TV]1 ! PLOTS AGA9/ ! ,GOV]NORS ( ! DIFF]5T PROV9CES1 & SO-CALL$ 0EXPROPRIATIONS0--?AT IS1 EXTORT+ MONEY UND] M5ACE ( DEA?4 ,= !SE PURPOSES ! AG5TS ( ! POLICE IMPORT$ FROM ABROAD L>GE QUANTITIES ( REVOLUTION>Y LIT]ATURE 7AS HAS BE5 PROV$ 9 ! CASE ( ,AZEFF71 & ALSO >MS & EXPLOSIVES2 OR ELSE !Y ORGANIZ$ ! MANUFACTURE ( BOMBS )9 ,RUSSIA ITSELF1 SOMETIMES ) MONEY GRANT$ BY ! HEAD ( ! ,POLICE ,DEP>TM5T1 AS WAS REVEAL$ 9 ! ,LOPUKH9 CASE4 

,! POLICY ( ! ,GOV]NM5T ( ,M4 ,/OLYP9 HAV+ BE5 = ! LA/ TWO YE>S TO WREAK V5GEANCE ON ?OSE :O TOOK ANY ACTIVE P>T 9 ! LIB]ATION MOVEM5T ?AT FOLL[$ ! ,MANIFE/O ( ,OCTOB] #c1 #a#i#e1 IT IS EASY TO CONCEIVE :AT MASSES ( PEOPLE HAVE BE5 >RE/$1 BR\<T BE=E ! ,C\RTS1 TRANSPORT$ TO ,SIB]IA1 OR EXIL$ TO DIFF]5T P>TS ( ! ,EMPIRE BY SIMPLE ADM9I/RATIVE ORD]S4 ,! RESULT IS1 ?AT ! PRISONS ( ,RUSSIA >E SO OV]CR[D$ AT ! PRES5T MOM5T ?AT !Y CONTA91 ACCORD+ TO (FICIAL /ATEM5TS1 SOME?+ LIKE #a#h#a1 PRISON]S1 AL?\< ! UTMO/ CAPACITY = :I* !Y W]E DESIGN$ IS ONLY #a#g14 ,BUT AS !RE >E SEV]AL PROV9CES 9 :I* ! >RE/S W]E ESPECIALLY NUM]\S1 WE LE>N FROM ! (FICIAL /ATEM5TS MADE 9 ! ,DUMA DUR+ ! DISCUSSION ON ! ,PRISONS ,BUDGET1 ?AT !RE >E LOCK-UPS & TRANSF] PRISONS 9 :I* ! NUMB] ( PRISON]S IS ?REE TO F\R TIMES AS GREAT AS !IR HOLD+ CAPACITY4 ,! CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS OV]CR[D+ IS ?AT ! PRISON ADM9I/RATION F9DS IT ABSOLUTELY IMPOSSIBLE TO SUPPLY TO !IR 9MATES EV5 ! SMALL DEGREE ( SANIT>Y ACCOMMODATION :I* IS ORDA9$ BY LAW4 ,TYPHUS HAS SPREAD 9 AL>M+ PROPORTIONS 9 ! PRISONS ( ! ,EMPIRE1 & ITS PRES5CE HAS ALREADY DECL>$ ITSELF 9 #fe PROV9CES \T ( #a4 

,9 MO/ ( !SE OV]CR[D$ PRISONS ! 9MATES HAVE ABSOLUTELY NO B$S OR B$D+2 & 9 MANY NOT EV5 ! WOOD5 PLAT=MS ALONG ! WALLS :I* W]E =M]LY US$4 ,!Y SLEEP ON ! B>E FLOOR )\T ANY COV]+ OR B$D+ BUT ! OLD1 WORN-\T CLO?+1 LIT]ALLY FULL ( V]M91 :I* IS DELIV]$ TO !M BY ! PRISON ADM9I/RATION4 ,UND] SU* CONDITIONS IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO SPEAK ( ANY SANIT>Y >RANGEM5TS4 ,! SUFF]]S FROM TYPHUS & SCURVY LIE SIDE BY SIDE ) ! O!R PRISON]S1 & IT IS ONLY :5 PRISON] IS 9 A DY+ CONDITION ?AT HE IS REMOV$ TO SOME HOSPITAL4 ,CASES >E KN[N ( TYPHOID PATI5TS BE+ BR\<T ON /RET*]S BE=E ! ,C\RT & S5T BACK BY ! JUDGES4 ,A MAN WAS HANG$ :ILE SUFF]+ FROM TYPHUS1 & HAV+ A TEMP]ATURE ( #a#d84 

,ALL ?IS LEADS NECESS>ILY TO ACTS ( REBELLION AMONG ! PRISON]S1 :I* 9 !IR TURN LEAD TO REPRESSION 9 ! MO/ ABOM9ABLE =M1 & TO :OLESALE %OOT+S4 ,BRUTALITY ( ! WOR/ K9D HAS BECOME QUITE HABITUAL 9 ALL ! LOCK-UPS1 & APPALL+ FACTS WILL BE F\ND 9 ! DOCUM5TS :I* ,I PRODUCE FUR!R ON4 ,EV5 M5 :O >E CONDEMN$ TO BE EXECUT$ >E HORRIBLY BEAT5 BE=E !Y >E TAK5 TO ! SCAFFOLD1 SO ?AT 9 ONE ( ! ,MOSC[ ,C\RTS ,M>TIAL A MAN1 CONDEMN$ TO BE HANG$1 HAD TO APPLY TO ,PRESID5T ( ! ,C\RT = HIS PROMISE ?AT HE %\LD NOT BE BEAT5 TO DEA? BE=E EXECUTION4 ,! PROMISE 9 ?IS CASE WAS KEPT1 BUT AS A RULE ! TORTURES TO :I* M5 CONDEMN$ TO DEA? >E SUBMITT$ BE=E ! EXECUTION TAKES PLACE >E SO HORRIBLE ?AT 9 A CONSID]ABLE & /EADILY GR[+ NUMB] ( CASES ( SUICIDE ! M5 :O W]E READY TO FACE DEA? CALMLY C\LD NOT FACE ! TORTURES ?AT PREC$$ IT4 ,AS TO ! NUMB] ( DEA? S5T5CES PRON\NC$ BY ! ,MILIT>Y ,C\RTS & ! EXECUTIONS1 !Y >E NOT ON ! DECREASE1 AS ,M4 ,/OLYP9 9=M$ ,MR4 ,W4 ,T4 ,/EAD 9 ,JULY1 #a#i#h4 ,!Y REMA9 /ATION>Y1 AL?\< !RE IS A DECID$ DIM9UTION 9 ! NUMB] ( ACTS ( VIOL5CE COMMITT$ BY ! REVOLUTIONI/S1 & 9 CRIME ALTOGE!R 7SEE ,*APT] ,I,I,I474 

,LA/ SUMM] A DISCUSSION TOOK PLACE 9 ! ,TIMES ) REG>D TO ! NUMB] ( EXILES TRANSPORT$ TO DIFF]5T P>TS ( ! ,EMPIRE BY ,ADM9I/RATIVE ,ORD]1 & IT WAS /AT$ BY ONE ( ! REFUGEES 9 ,LONDON ?AT1 CONTR>Y TO ,M4 ,/OLYP9'S AFFIRMATION ?AT !IR NUMB] DID NOT EXCE$ #a#b11 !RE W]E NO LESS ?AN #g#h1 PRISON]S UND] ?OSE CONDITIONS4 ,! ,DUMA LATELY CALL$ ON ! ,DEP>TM5T ( ,POLICE TO SUPPLY EXACT FIGURES1 & ! FIGURES GIV5 BY ! ,DEP>TM5T W]E #g#d14 ,! /ATE ( !SE EXILES IS EV5 MORE DREADFUL ?AN HAS BE5 DESCRIB$ 9 ! ,5GLI% ,PRESS4 ,IT IS EXAGG]ATION TO SAY ?AT 9 C]TA9 P>TS ( ,NOR?-,EA/]N ,SIB]IA ! POSITION ( ! EXILES IS SIMPLY DESP]ATE1 & IT IS NOT TO BE WOND]$ AT ?AT ACTS ( REBELLION1 SU* AS W]E LATELY HE>D ( 9 ,TURUKHANSK1 %\LD TAKE PLACE4 

,9 %ORT1 IF ! PRES5T CONDITIONS HAD TO BE DESCRIB$ 9 A FEW WORDS1 IT MI<T BE SAID ?AT :ILE ! AGRICULTURAL POPULATION & ! WORKM5 9 ! T[NS HAVE BE5 RAIS$ TO A C]TA9 CONCEPTION ( 9DIVIDUAL SELF-RESPECT1 & :ILE ASPIRATIONS T[>DS A MORE HUMAN TREATM5T & 9CREAS$ LIB]TY HAVE SPREAD F> & WIDE OV] ! C\NTRY1 WE F9D1 ON ! O!R H&1 AMONG ! BUREAUCRACY1 HI< & L[1 & AMONG ITS 9F]IOR AG5TS 9 ! VILLAGES1 A REAL SPIRIT ( HATR$ & CRUEL REV5GE AGA9/ ! SLI<TE/ MANIFE/ATION ( LOVE = FRE$OM1 ! RESULT BE+ ?AT ! RELATIONS BETWE5 ! POPULATION & ! RUL+ CLASSES HAVE BECOME EXTREMELY /RA9$ ALL OV] ,RUSSIA4 ,AT ! SAME TIME L>GE NUMB]S >E BE+ DRIV5 TO DESPAIR BY ! >BITR>Y ACTS ( ! L[] AG5TS ( ! ,GOV]NM5T 9 ! VILLAGES & 9 ! SMALL PROV9CIAL T[NS4 ,!RE IS AT ! PRES5T TIME A SC>CITY ( GRA9 9 MANY PROV9CES ( ,EUROPEAN ,RUSSIA & ,SIB]IA1 & EV5 FAM9E PREVAILS2 BUT ! ,GOV]NM5T HAS ORD]$ ALL ! >RE>S 9 ! PAYM5T ( TAXES & 9 REPAYM5T ( PREVI\S FAM9E LOANS TO BE LEVI$ AT ONCE1 & ?IS IS DONE N[1 NOT)/&+ ! FAM9E1 ) A SEV]ITY :I* HAS LONG BE5 UNKN[N4 ,= ! SMALLE/ >RE>S ( A FEW %ILL+S ! PROP]TY ( PEASANT FAMILIES IS SOLD AT AUCTIONS1 AT :I* ! POLICE AU?ORITIES >E ! ONLY BIDD]S2 CATTLE1 HORSES1 & EV5 ! /ORES ( GRA9 & ! COM+ CROPS >E ?US SOLD = A FEW %ILL+S TO SOME VILLAGE POLICE (FICIAL1 :O AFT]W>DS SELLS !M BACK TO ! RU9$ PEASANT = ?REE OR F\R TIMES ! PRICE HE HAS PAID4 

,MOREOV]1 IT IS E/IMAT$ ?AT !RE >E N[ AT LEA/ SOME?+ LIKE #g1 PEASANTS & WORK+ M5 9 ,EUROPEAN ,RUSSIA ALONE :O HAVE BE5 ?R[N \T ( !IR REGUL> MODE ( LIFE DUR+ ! LA/ TWO YE>S1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( REPRESSION AFT] /RIKES & ! LIKE1 & :O AT ! PRES5T TIME >E M]E \TLAWS W&]+ FROM ONE CITY TO ANO!R1 COMPELL$ TO CONCEAL !MSELVES UND] FALSE NAMES1 & )\T ANY POSSIBILITY ( RETURN+ TO !IR NATIVE PLACES & TO !IR PREVI\S OCCUPATIONS4 ,!RE >E NE>LY ?REE-QU>T]S ( A MILLION P]SONS :OM ONLY A G5]AL AMNE/Y W\LD P]MIT TO RETURN TO REGUL> LIFE & REGUL> E>N+S4 

,SU* IS ! CONDITION ( ,RUSSIA1 AS EV]Y ONE MAY ASC]TA9 = HIMSELF FROM ! NUM]\S DOCUM5TS \T ( :I* AB/RACTS >E GIV5 9 ! FOLL[+ PAGES4 

,E>NE/ APPEAL IS !RE=E MADE TO ALL ?OSE TO :OM HUMAN PROGRESS IS DE> TO USE ALL ! WEI<T ( !IR 9FLU5CE TO PUT AN 5D TO ?IS REIGN ( ,:ITE ,T]ROR UND] :I* ?AT C\NTRY N[ LIES4 ,IT IS WELL KN[N FROM HI/ORY ?AT ! ,:ITE ,T]ROR SU* AS WAS SE5 9 ! TW5TIES ! LA/ C5TURY 9 ,FRANCE AFT] ! RETURN ( ! ,B\RBONS1 9 ,ITALY BE=E #a#h#e#i1 & LAT] ON 9 ,TURKEY1 HAS NEV] RE/OR$ TRANQUILITY 9 A C\NTRY4 ,IT ONLY PAVES ! WAY = NEW DI/URBANCES1 IT SPREADS 9 ! C\NTRY A FEEL+ ( UTT] CONTEMPT = HUMAN LIFE1 IT 9DUCES HABITS ( VIOL5CE1 & BEYOND QUE/ION IT W\LD BE TO ! 9T]E/ ( HUMANITY AS A :OLE1 & ( PROGRESS 9 G5]AL1 ?AT ! /ATE ( AFFAIRS :I* N[ PREVAILS 9 ,RUSSIA %\LD BE BR\<T TO AN 5D4 

   

,FOOTNOTES 

#a,9T]PELLATION ADDRESS$ ON ,APRIL #b#c1 #a#i#i1 TO ! ,M9I/RY1 BY ! ,CON/ITUTIONAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY4 

  

 ,?IS PAGE HAS BE5 ACCESS$  TIMES S9CE ,SEPTEMB] #a#b1 #b#a4 

7,S\RCE3 ,KROPOTK91 ,PET]4 ,! ,T]ROR 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,LONDON3 ,ME?U5 @& ,CO41 #a#i#i4 #d? ,$47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aih 3 ,9TRODUCTION -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#b1 #bag 3 ,9TRODUCTION -- ,ADD$4 

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