,! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY ,S*OOL 9 ,B]L9 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK 

,TEXT 3 

,! P>TY-S*OOL 9 ,B]L9 :I* WAS E/ABLI%$ LA/ YE> BY ! COMMITTEE 
( ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC P>TY1 DID NOT SPR+ UP BY *ANCE2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT 
IS A QUITE NECESS>Y PRODUCT ( ! CONDITIONS1 9TO :I*1 ?R\< ITS 
DEVELOPM5TS1 ! ,G]MAN P>TY HAS COME4 ,9 ! BEG9N+1 :5 ! LABOR 
MOVEM5T WAS /ILL SMALL1 & :5 IT WAS COMPREH5D$ ONLY BY A FEW *OS5 
5?USIA/IC P]SONS1 ! /UDY ( ! SCI5TIFIC PR9CIPLES ( SOCIALISM WAS 
EAG]LY PURSU$ BY !M4 ,!Y HAD TIME = IT1 & IT WAS NECESS>Y = !M1 IF 
!Y W\LD W9 = ! CAUSE ! MASS ( !IR COMRADES :O EI!R P9N$ !IR 
FAI? TO B\RGEOIS P>TIES1 OR W]E 9DIFF]5T2 ! B\RGEOIS TEA*+ HAD TO 
BE REFUT$1 & ! 9DIFF]5T WORK+M5 >\S$ BY PO9T+ \T ! NECESS>Y 
T5D5CIES 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( CAPITALISM1 & ! GOAL ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 
,9 ORD] TO DO ?IS !Y MU/ !MSELVES BE ?OR\<LY GR\ND$ 9 ! 
SCI5TIFIC PR9CIPLES ( SOCIALISM2 &1 AS WE HAVE SAID1 !Y F\ND TIME = 
?IS EF=T1 ALL ! MORE READILY AS ! DISCUSSIONS ADD$ SOME?+ TO ! 
PLEASURE ( SOCIABILITY1 & TO ! 5T]TA9M5T ( ! TAV]N4 ,9 ?IS WAY A 
/RONG NUCLEUS ( $UCAT$ COMRADES WAS CREAT$1 :O W]E ABLE TO GRASP CLE>LY 
! TACTICS ( ! P>TY1 TO TRACE \T NEW PA?S = ! 9T]NATIONAL MOVEM5T1 
& TO C>RY ?R\< VICTORI\SLY1 UND] ! LAWS AGA9/ ,G]MAN SOCIALI/S1 ! 
FI<T ) ,BISM>CK'S GOV]NM5T4 

,S9CE !N1 H[EV]1 CIRCUM/ANCES HAVE *ANG$4 ,AFT] ! DECL9E ( ! 
LAWS AGA9/ SOCIALI/S1 :5 ! LABOR MOVEM5T C\LD DEVELOP FREELY & 
OP5LY1 IT GREW ) GIANT /RIDES4 ,! UNIONS1 ESPECIALLY1 C\LD BETT] BE/IR 
!MSELVES4 ,!IR GR[? WAS SO 5ORM\S1 P>TICUL>LY AFT] ! CRISIS ( #ahif 
:5 GOOD TIMES SET 91 ?AT ,FRANZ ,MEHR+1 9 HIS HI/ORY ( SOCIALISM1 CALL$ 
! N9? YE> ! DECADE ( ! UNIONS4 ,COOP]ATIVE SOCIETIES W]E F\ND$ 
ALSO1 & GREW ) GREAT RAPIDITY4 ,EV]Y:]E WAS GO+ ON ! CEASELESS WORK 
( ORGANIZATION -- NOT ONLY ! *OS5 ONES BUT ! GREAT MASS ( ! 
WORK]S W]E BR\<T 92 EV]Y:]E W]E F\ND$ SOCIALI/ NEWSPAP]S :I* 
CON/ANTLY 9CREAS$ ! NUMB]S ( !IR SUBSCRIB]S4 

,?IS DEVELOPM5T1 :I* IS /ILL 9 FULL SW+1 SOON BR\<T ITS D>K SIDE 
:I* BEGAN TO WORK AN EV] UNCEAS+ 9JURY TO ! MOVEM5T4 ,! WORK ( 
ORGANIZATION ABSORB$ ALL ! 5]GY -- NO TIME WAS LEFT = /UDY4 ,= ! 
9EXORABLE DEM&S ( PRACTICAL WORK MU/ WEAK5 ! PASSION = KN[L$GE4 ,! 
SMALL 9DU/RIES CLAMOR$ = NEW P[]S1 ! MORE AGGRESSIVE WORKM5 DEM&$ 
! FULL MEASURE2 & EV]Y Y\NG MAN :O %[$ SOME EAG]NESS & CAPACITY WAS 
IMM$IATELY SET TO WORK1 & H5CE=? F\ND NO TIME = !ORETICAL /UDY4 ,IT 
HAPP5$ FUR!R ?AT ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES CEAS$ TO FI<T ) !ORIES1 
PR9CIPLES & >GUM5TS4 ,ABUSE1 P]SONAL ATTACKS MISREPRES5TATION ( FACTS 
TOOK !IR PLACE4 ,!RE=E 9 ORD] TO WAGE W> ) ! B\RGEOIS1 !ORETICAL 
KN[L$GE WAS NOT NECESS>Y BUT RA!R POLEMIC AGILITY & KN[L$GE ( FACTS2 
LEA/ ! NE$ ( FUNDAM5TAL KN[L$GE WAS LITTLE FELT 9 SU* A CONTE/4 

,IT IS EASY TO SEE1 !RE=E1 :Y ?OSE WORDS ( ,5GELS1 9 :I* HE EXALT$ 
! ,G]MAN WORK+MAN'S ABILITY TO USE & UND]/& !ORIES1 >E NO 
LONG] TRUE1 NO LONG] HOLD GOOD4 ,!RE WAS NO TIME = !ORIES -- 
PRACTICAL WORK ABSORB$ ALL !IR /R5G?4 ,BUT LITTLE BY LITTLE IT BEGAN TO BE 
APP>5T ?AT EV5 = PRACTICAL WORK1 ?IS /ATE ( ?+S WAS DANG]\S4 ,WE 
MAKE USE ( ! !ORIES ( SOCIALISM NOT ALONE TO >GUE ) ! B\RGEOIS 
P>TIES1 BUT ALSO 9 ORD] TO CORRECTLY DET]M9E \R [N TACTICS4 ,WE MU/ 
CLE>LY UND]/& ! NATURE ( CAPITALISM NOT SIMPLY TO 9CITE ! WORK+M5 
TO FI<T AGA9/ IT1 BUT ALSO TO F9D \T = \RSELVES ! BE/ ME?OD ( 
FI<T+ IT4 ,:]EV] ?IS KN[L$GE IS LACK+1 TACTICS WILL BE GOV]N$ BY 
E/ABLI%$ TRADITION OR BY SUP]FICIAL EMPIRICS4 ,ONLY ! PRES5T1 ! 
IMM$IATE1 WILL BE TAK5 9TO ACC\NT1 APPE>ANCES WILL DECEIVE1 & DEEP-LY+ 
COHESIV5ESS WILL BE LO/ SI<T (4 

,9 ! !ORETICAL /RIFE )9 ! P>TY C>RI$ ON BY ?OSE :O CALL 
!MSELVES ,REVISIONI/S1 ! !ORETICAL DEFECTS ( ! MOVEM5T HAVE F\ND AN 
UNSI<TLY EXPRESSION4 ,:5 ,B]N/E9 CAME =W>D ) A CRITICISM ON ,M>XISM 
& ! OLD PROGRAM1 & DEM&$ A REVISION ( ! =M] TACTICS -- 
ADVOCAT+ SOCIAL RE=M AS G5U9E SOCIALI/IC TACTICS1 9/EAD ( ! 
0REVOLUTION>Y PHRASES0 =M]LY LAID /RESS UPON -- ?IS 
!ORETICAL CONFUSION WAS RECOGNIZ$ ONLY BY C]TA9 SPOKESM54 ,IT LA/$ = 
MANY YE>S BE=E ! GREAT MASS ( ! WORK+ PEOPLE UND]/OOD ! 
UNT5ABILITY ( ,B]N/E9'S VIEWS2 & !N IT WAS NOT BECAUSE ( !IR 
!ORETICAL GRASP ( ! MATT]1 BUT ?R\< PRACTICAL EXP]I5CE :I* DID NOT 
AGREE ) ,B]N/E9'S CONCLUSIONS4 ,!SE CONT5TIONS HAVE /RONGLY 
DEMON/RAT$ ! NE$ = A !ORETICAL CLE>+ UP ( ! SUBJECT4 

,?IS NE$ APPE>$ /ILL MORE PRESS+ :5 TO ! ,G]MAN P>TY WAS SET ! 
TASK ( CONSID]+ NEW ME?ODS ( TACTICAL W>F>E4 ,! BREAK+ \T ( ! 
,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION PU%$ ! MASSES 9TO ! =EGR\ND AS 9/RUM5TS ( W>4 
,TRADITIONAL ME?ODS1 TRADITIONAL CAT*-WORDS1 W\LD NO LONG] S]VE2 !ORETICAL 
DISCUSSIONS W]E NECESS>Y1 & ! 9T]E/ 9 !ORY !RE=E GREW /RONG]4 
,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ALSO BR\<T TO LI<T ?AT ! FRAN*ISE WAS NO LONG] 
! ALL-IMPORTANT ?+S & ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC SOCIETIES BECAME CONSCI\S ( 
A HI<] MISSION ?AN ?AT ( EXT5D+ ! FRAN*ISE4 ,! 9/RUCTION ( 
MEMB]S & ! GR\ND+ !M 9 SOCIALI/IC /UDIES1 WAS ATTEMPT$4 ,! 
NEWSPAP]S :I* 9CREAS$ !IR SUBSCRIPTIONS 5ORM\SLY DEM&$ ! SAME 
OBJECT4 ,! LACK ( !ORETICAL KN[L$GE 9 ! AGITATORS & J\RNALI/S !N 
BECAME MORE & MORE APP>5T4 ,! SITUATION WAS A CONTRADICTORY ONE4 ,?OSE :O 
DEM&$ R$RESS1 !MSELVES /OOD 9 ITS WAY4 ,! ,P>TY-,S*OOL HAS BE5 ONE 
MEANS ( ESCAPE FROM ?IS CONTRADICTION4 

,! PURPOSE ( ! ,P>TY-S*OOL1 AS ITS ORIG9 %[S1 IS NOT TO GIVE A K9D 
( UNIV]SITY TRA9+ 9 SOCIALI/IC PR9CIPLES1 BUT ONLY TO $UCATE P>TY 
MEMB]S AS F> AS IT CAN BE DONE1 9 ! !ORY ( SOCIALISM1 SO ?AT !REAFT] 
!Y MAY BE ABLE TO WORK 9DEP5D5TLY 9 ANY P>TY POSITION4 ,ACCORD+LY1 SOME 
#c COMRADES HAVE BE5 SELECT$ TO RESIDE = A HALF YE> 9 ,B]L91 !IR 
SUPPORT1 & ! SUPPORT ( !IR FAMILIES AT HOME TO BE PAID = \T ( ! 
FUNDS4 ,!SE >E ALL WORK+M51 ACTIVELY PROM95T 9 !IR [N LOCALITIES1 
SOME ( !M HOLD+ SAL>I$ POSITIONS 9 ! P>TY4 ,AFT] F9I%+ ! 
C\RSE1 !Y MAY (F] !MSELVES = ! PO/ ( $ITOR OR AGITATOR4 ,!Y >E 
GIV5 PLACES AS ! NE$ >ISES1 & 9 ! MEANTIME !Y %IFT = 
!MSELVES4 

,AS A MATT] ( C\RSE1 !SE M5 PLAC$ ALL AT ONCE 9 A POSITION TO /UDY1 
TO CULTIVATE !IR 9TELLECTUAL SIDE1 USE !IR OPPORTUNITY TO ! UTMO/4 ,9 
ORD] ?AT !Y MAY NOT /UDY )\T PLAN1 !Y FOLL[ DAILY C\RSES GIV5 BY 
DIFF]5T TEA*]S4 ,9 ! FIR/ YE> ! PR9CIPAL DIRECTION ( ! S*OOL FELL 
UPON ! HEAD ( COMRADE ,HILF]D+1 :O GAVE ! C\RSES 9 POLITICAL ECONOMY 
& 9 ! HI/ORY ( ECONOMICS1 & UPON ,PANNEKOEK1 :O TAU<T ! HI/ORY ( 
MAT]IALISM & SOCIAL !ORIES4 

,A FEW WEEKS BE=E ! BEG9N+ ( ! SECOND T]M1 ! ,PRUSSIAN POLICE DID 
:AT !Y C\LD TO 9JURE ?IS ,SOCIALI/ $UCATIONAL 9/ITUTION4 ,BO? !SE 
COMRADES1 :O >E =EIGN]S1 W]E ?REAT5$ ) BANI%M5T IF !Y CONT9U$ 
!IR TEA*+4 ,BUT !IR PLACES W]E FILL$ BY ,COMRADE ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG & 
,COMRADE ,CUN[1 & SO ! PLAN TO CRIPPLE ! WORK ( ! S*OOL CAME TO 
NO?+4 ,! WELL KN[N HI/ORIAN1 ,MEHR+1 GIVES A C\RSE 9 ! HI/ORY ( 
POLITICS2 !RE >E C\RSES 9 COMMUNAL POLITICS & 9 TRADE UNIONISM1 & A 
SY/EMATIC TRA9+ 9 PUBLIC SPEAK+ & 9 J\RNALISM4 ,NOT ONLY ! 
!ORETICAL BUT ALSO ! PRACTICAL TRA9+ :I* AN AGITATOR OR A J\RNALI/ 
MAY NE$ 9 ,G]MANY1 IS CONSID]$4 ,TO ! REGUL> C\RSES FIVE H\RS >E 
DEVOT$ DAILY4 ,! REMA9+ TIME IS GIV5 TO 9DEP5D5T /UDY & TO A 
P]SONAL 9SPECTION ( ALL BRAN*ES ( ! ,B]L9 LABOR MOVEM5T4 ,! PRES5T 
PROSPECT IS ?AT A GOOD QUALITY ( 9TELLECTUAL WORK MAY BE LOOK$ = FROM ! 
,P>TY-,S*OOL4 

,CAN ! S*OOL ATTA9 ITS 5D8 ,IT MAY SEEM DIFFICULT TO TRA9 9 HALF A YE> 
?OSE M5 :O HAVE SIMPLY PASS$ ?R\< ! ELEM5T>Y S*OOL1 TO TRA9 !M 
SUFFICI5TLY 9 SU* DEEP SCI5TIFIC !ORIES4 ,/ILL1 IT MU/ NOT BE =GOTT5 
?AT !Y HAVE PASS$ ?R\< ! S*OOL ( LIFE1 & !RE=E ! !ORY ( 
?AT LIFE IS EASILY TAK5 UP BY !M4 ,!N IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT SOCIALI/ 
WORK+M5 WELL ACQUA9T$ ) ! PRACTICAL SIDE ( LIFE & ) ! LABOR 
MOVEM5T1 %\LD HAVE A GOOD UND]/&+ ( ! FUNDAM5TAL IDEAS ( 
SOCIALI/IC !ORY4 ,! FIR/ HALF YE> ( ! S*OOL HAS %[N ?IS4 ,A 
F\NDATION = ! FUR!R /UDY ( CLASSICAL & CURR5T LIT]ATURE HAS BE5 
LAID2 BUT F>!R /UDY IS ( C\RSE NECESS>Y4 ,IT IS CLE>LY UND]/OOD 9 ! 
,G]MAN P>TY ?AT NOT 5\< CAN BE DONE ?R\< ?IS ,9/ITUTE ALONE4 
,EV]Y:]E COMMITTEES >E SPR++ UP1 MO/LY FROM UNIONS & P>TY BRAN*ES1 
:OSE OBJECT IS TO PROVIDE LECTURES1 C\RSES & LESSONS = ! WORK+M54 
,9T]E/ 9 !ORY1 9 ! !ORETICAL QUE/ION IS AWAK+ EV]Y:]E2 LIBR>IES 
>E BE+ F\ND$ & LECTUR]S PROVID$4 ,9 ?IS WAY ! ,G]MAN WORK+ CLASS 
IS PREP>+ ITSELF = ! H>D BATTLE ( ! FUTURE2 & ! H>DE/ TASK IT 
WILL HAVE TO ACCOMPLI%1 IS TO BE WELL >M$4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY ,S*OOL 9 ,B]L9 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY ,S*OOL 9 ,B]L9 -- ,UPDAT$4 

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