,*APT] #i 
,! ,COLLAPSE ( ! ,COMMONWEAL 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CON/ANCE ,BANTMAN 

,AU?OR 3 ,JOHN ,QUAIL 

,AU?OR 3 ,NICK ,HEA? 

,TEXT 3 

,*APT] #i4 ,! ,C,O,L,L,A,P,S,E ,( ,! ,C,O,M,M,O,N,W,E,A,L 

,! AN>*I/S HAD BECOME ! APO/LES ( TOTAL DE/RUCTION 9 ! MORE GULLIBLE SECTIONS ( ! POPUL> IMAG9ATION4 ,! MAD PR(ESSOR 9 ,! ,SECRET ,AG5T1 ! AN>*I/S 9 ,G4,K4 ,*E/]TON'S ,! ,MAN ,:O ,WAS ,?URSDAY & ! FIGURE 9 CLOAK & WIDE-BRIMM$ HAT C>RY+ A BOMB M>K$ ',B,O,M,B' 9 ,PIP ,SQUEAK & ,WILFR$ C>TOONS W]E ALL V>IATIONS ON A /]EOTYPE DEVELOP$ 9 ! E>LY #a#h#iS4 ,?IS WAS OBVI\SLY RELAT$ TO SOME ( ! ACTIVITIES & /ATEM5TS ( RECOGNIZ$ AN>*I/ MILITANTS4 ,BUT IT WAS ALSO TO DO ) ! ACTIVITIES ( AG5TS PROVOCATEURS LIKE ,C\LON1 :OSE ,AN>*I/ ,FEA/ AT ! ,OP]A HAD BE5 READ TO SU* EFFECT AT ! ,WALSALL TRIAL1 & ! QUITE BLATANT USE ( ANTI-AN>*I/ 'BLACK' PROPAG&A 9 ! PRESS4 ,WE HAVE SE5 ! WOR/ ?AT ,SAMUELS & ,C\LON C\LD DO4 ,YET H[ DOES IT COMP>E ) AN >TICLE :I* APPE>$ 9 ,TIT-,BITS ON #a? ,MAT* #a#h#i#d4 ,! WRIT] ( ! PIECE SAYS ?AT ?R\< A 0,G5TLEMAN HOLD+ A HI< POSITION 9 ! DETECTIVE =CE0 HE IS ABLE TO GET AN 9TRODUCTION TO A 0SW>?Y1 BEETLE-BR[$ RUFFIAN0 :O IS A S\T5EUR 7I4E4 PIMP7 & AN AN>*I/4 ,! G5TLEMAN 9 ! DETECTIVE =CE REALLY SEEMS TO KN[ HIS /UFF1 BECAUSE ?IS AN>*I/ W\LD APPE> TO BE A V]Y DANG]\S MAN 9DE$ -- SO DANG]\S1 9 FACT1 ?AT ONE WOND]S :AT A DETECTIVE IS DO+ 9TRODUC+ HIM TO REPORT]S :5 HE %\LD OBVI\SLY BE ?R[N 9TO ! DEEPE/ DUNGEON AVAILABLE4 ,! 'AN>*I/' TALKS AT L5G? AB\T POISON & BOMBS & 0W> TO ! DEA? AGA9/ ,SOCIETY40 ,AIR IS TO BE 9TRODUC$ 9TO ! GAS MA9S SO AS TO CAUSE T]RIBLE EXPLOSIONS4 ,TWO COMRADES >E 9 ,B]L9 BUSILY /UDY+ ! CULTURE ( DANG]\S G]MS 0SO AS TO BE ABLE TO 9FECT SOME ( ! POORE/ & MO/ SQUALID DI/RICTS 9 ! ,5D ( ,LONDON40 ,O!RS >E 5GAG$ 9 COLLECT+ ! CLO!S WORN BY *OL]A VICTIMS ON ! ,CONT95T SO !Y CAN BE BR\<T TO ,BRITA9 TO />T EPIDEMICS4 ,\R REPORT] ASKS ! DETECTIVE :E!R ! 'AN>*I/' IS S]I\S AB\T ALL ?IS4 ,! DETECTIVE1 9 ?AT TI<T-LIPP$ WAY DETECTIVES HAVE1 ANSW]S ?AT ! PROJECT$ LIB]T>IAN *OL]A EPIDEMIC IS '9T]E/+' 9 ! LI<T ( A PREVI\S 9CID5T4 ,A NOTORI\S =EIGN AN>*I/ HAD A P>CEL ADDRESS$ TO HIM FROM ,HAVANA1 BUT HE DID NOT CLAIM IT4 ,! P>CEL WAS !N OP5$3 

,IT PROV$ TO CONTA9 A LOT ( OLD CLO?+ :I* WAS ALMO/ IMM$IATELY BURN$1 BUT ?REE DAYS LAT] ! TWO ,CU/OM ,H\SE ,(FICIALS :O OV]HAUL$ ! /UFF SICK5$ & DI$2 ',I ?\<T !N1' SAID ! DETECTIVE1 '?AT ! DEA?S W]E DUE TO ACCID5T4 ,N[ ,I ?9K IT WAS PROBABLY A CASE ( MURD]4' 

',& ! WEAPON US$ BY ! MURD]] WAS 4448' 

',YELL[ FEV]6' REPLI$ ! DETECTIVE GRIMLY4 

,?IS K9D ( 'BLACK' PROPAG&A OP5$ SEV]AL USEFUL POSSIBILITIES = ! AU?ORITIES4 ,IT C\LD BE US$ TO T> ! LEFT G5]ALLY4 ,?IS T5D$ TO SC>E O!R GR\P+S & TO ISOLATE ! AN>*I/S -- ! ,S4,D4,F41 = EXAMPLE1 REFUS$ TO COOP]ATE ) ! AN>*I/S 9 ORGANIZ+ A DEMON/RATION ON #a/ ,MAY1 #ahid BECAUSE 0BOMB-?R[+ WAS PREJUDICIAL TO ! CASE ( SOCIALISM40.<#b#g#i.> ,IT T5D$ TO NEUTRALIZE OPPOSITION TO REPRESSIVE MEASURES US$ FIR/ AGA9/ AN>*I/S1 :I* !N BECAME SANCTIFI$ BY PREC$5T & C\LD BE US$ AGA9/ O!R GR\PS4 ,9 C]TA9 CASES IT C\LD 9SPIRE A POPUL> REACTION>Y BACKLA% -- EV5 IF ?IS HAD TO BE HELP$ ALONG A BIT4 ,AS A RESULT ( ! 0CAPITALI/ PRESS 9CIT+ ALL & SUNDRY TO ATTACK & LYN* ,AN>*I/S0 A MOB ( 'CON/ITUTIONAL ,PECKHAMITES' ATTACK$ AN AN>*I/ MEET+ 9 ,PECKHAM ON #a#e? ,M>*4 ,!Y W]E ASSI/$ BY ,DETECTIVE ,S]GEANT ,WAL% ( ! ,C4,I4,D4 0:O EXHIBIT$ HIS MANL9ESS BY GETT+ BEH9D LITTLE BOYS & PU%+ !M ON US4 444 ,!Y SURG$ UP TO ! PLAT=M & TRI$ TO SEIZE ! R$ FLAG4 ,A FI<T = POSSESSION 5SU$ :I* 5D$ ) ! FLAG BE+ RIPP$ TO %R$S40.<#b#h.> ,! SPEAK]1 ,=RE/]1 WAS >RE/$ & *>G$ ) ASSAULT & CAUS+ A DISORD]LY CR[D TO ASSEMBLE4 ,HE WAS F\ND GUILTY & B\ND OV] 9 ,G,B,P#b#e = SIX MON?S ) ! OPTION ( A MON? 9 PRISON4 ,AGNES ,H5RY WAS REFUS$ P]MISSION TO /& SURETY BECAUSE %E WAS A WOMAN1 & ,H4,B4 ,SAMUELS WAS REFUS$ BECAUSE HE W\LD NOT SWE> ON ! ,BIBLE4 ,AFT] ,=RE/] HAD BE5 9 JAIL = A WEEK1 ,W4,B4 ,P>K] WAS EV5TUALLY ACCEPT$ TO /& SURETY4 ,! FOLL[+ WEEK ! ,PECKHAM GR\P AGA9 HELD A MEET+ &3 

AN 5ORM\S CR[D ASSEMBL$4 444 ,COMRADES ,QU9N1 ,BANHAM1 ,C>T] & ,ALS=D ADDRESS$ ! MEET+ :I* WAS P]FECTLY ORD]LY = SOME TIME UNTIL AN ORGANIZ$ GANG ( BLACKLEG GAS-/OK] & DETECTIVES />T$ HOOT+ & PU%+1 F9ALLY BREAK+ UP ! MEET+ BY =CE4 ,! POLICE W]E PRES5T 9 L>GE NUMB]S WAT*+ EAG]LY = ! LEA/ OPPORTUNITY = A '*>GE'4 ,!SE MEET+S HAVE N[ HAD TO DROP [+ TO ! FACT ?AT LOCAL COMRADES WILL NOT TURN UP & SUPPORT BUT ! PROPAG&A WILL BE KEPT UP 9 O!R WAYS BY ! DI/RIBUTION & SALE ( LIT]ATURE4.<#b#h#a.> 

,! POLICE1 IT APPE>$1 HAD WON4 

,! #a/ ,MAY DEMON/RATION WAS ! OCCASION ( A FUR!R 'POPUL> ATTACK' ON ! AN>*I/S MANAG$ & 9/IGAT$ BY ! POLICE4 ,! AN>*I/S HAD TWO PLAT=MS AT ,HYDE ,P>K4 ,ONE ( !M WAS LEFT ALONE 7SPEAK]S3 ,SAMUELS1 ,L\ISE ,MI*EL1 ,M[BRAY71 BUT AT ! O!R ONE 7,QU9N1 ,TURN] & ,LEGGATT7 !RE W]E 0CON/ANT 9T]RUPTIONS1 9T]JECTIONS & ABUSIVE EPI!TS FROM A PORTION ( ! AUDI5CE AT ! RE>40 ,BO? ,FRE$OM & ,SAMUELS /ATE ?AT ?OSE RESPONSIBLE W]E DETECTIVES 0& ?OSE TOO :O >E TOL]ABLY WELL KN[N TO US40 ,!Y HAD BE5 MANEUV]+ AB\T 0N[ CLOS+ RANKS 9 A CIRCLE TO HOLD A CONF]5CE2 N[ SCATT]+ & LOOK+ >\ND AS IF EXPECT+ MORE TO COME4 ,AFT] AN H\R & A HALF1 GR\PS ( R\<S1 MO/LY Y\?S ( BETWE5 #ad & #a#g1 APPE> ON ! SC5E1 =M+ ! BODYGU>D ( ,MELVILLE'S GANG4 ,A HOOT1 A YELL FROM !SE Y\?S1 JOGG$ ON ?IS SIDE & ?AT BY ! ,SCOTL& ,Y>D]S1 & ! ORD]LY ASSEMBLY IS RUDELY 9T]RUPT$40.<#b#h#b.> ,!RE SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 SOME MEASURE ( HO/ILITY TO ! AN>*I/S1 = ,SAMUELS SAYS ?AT ! AUDI5CE W]E CONT5T ) !SE 9T]RUPTIONS ?\< ! DETECTIVES W]E NOT4 

,SO :5 !Y SAW A *ANCE TO URGE ON SOME FOOLS TO UPSET ! SPEAK]S' RO/RUM !Y DID SO1 PU%+ !MSELVES ?R\< ! PEOPLE UNTIL1 :5 )9 REA*1 !Y DELIB]ATELY /RUCK AT1 & ) BO? FI/S1 ANY COMRADE !Y KNEW 7& !Y KN[ US N[ PRETTY WELL7 FOLL[+ !M UP & *AS+ !M ) ! READY ASSI/ANCE ( CONT5T$ SLAVES \T = A BIT ( FUN4 ,I SAW ,BANHAM PUN*$ & KICK$1 ,TO*ATTI BRUTALLY /RUCK 9 ! HEAD & FACE4 444 ,ONE ( \R FLAGS & A PLAT=M W]E DE/ROY$ BY A RU% ( DETECTIVES1 :O JU/IFI$ ! CRITICISM ,LEGGATT HAD BE/[$ ON !M BY KNOCK+ HIM D[N & KICK+ HIM4 444 ,ALL ?IS WAS DONE DIRECTLY BY ! DETECTIVES 7:OSE NAMES ,I KN[7 & O!RS AT !IR 9/IGATION4 

,! POLICE W]E CLE>LY US+ -- OR ORGANIZ+ -- ELEM5TS HO/ILE TO AN>*ISM :I* HAD REVEAL$ !MSELVES AT ! FUN]AL ( ,B\RD94 ,! #a/ ,MAY 9CID5T WAS1 ( C\RSE1 REPRES5T$ BY ! PRESS AS A POPUL> ATTACK ON ! AN>*I/S BY \TRAG$ CITIZ5S4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,FRE$OM AN ATTEMPT AT A SIMIL> 9CID5T BY ! POLICE ON ! 'FIR/ ,SUNDAY 9 ,MAY' & '(FICIAL' DEMON/RATION WAS RAPIDLY DISC\RAG$ BY ! CR[DS ( SOCIALI/S PRES5T4 ,!RE WAS A LESSON !RE IF ! AN>*I/S W\LD BUT HAVE SE5 IT4 

,! ,COMMONWEAL WAS OBVI\SLY UND] CLOS] SCRUT9Y BY ! POLICE4 ,FROM ! ISSUE ( #b#h? ,APRIL #ahid UNTIL ITS DEMISE1 ! ,COMMONWEAL PR9T$ ALONGSIDE ITS BUS9ESS ADDRESS ! FOLL[+ ADVICE3 0IF A RECEIPT IS NOT =W>D$ )9 ?REE DAYS1 NOTICE %\LD BE S5T TO ,M4 ,GALBRAI?1 #hb ,B]ES=D ,/REET1 ,S4,E4 ,! AU?ORITIES HAVE GREAT DIFFICULTY 9 DELIV]+ \R LETT]S TO TIME OR 9DE$ AT ALL 9 A NUMB] ( CASES :]E MONEY HAS BE5 5CLOS$40 ,IT NE$ H>DLY BE SAID ?AT ?IS WAS ONLY A R\NDAB\T WAY ( SAY+ ?AT MAIL WAS BE+ HELD & OP5$ BY ! POLICE4 ,?IS SURVEILLANCE WAS EXT5D$ TO 9DIVIDUALS4 ,9 ,L4,S4 ,BEV+TON'S LETT] TO ,NICOLL 7,AUGU/ #a#h#i#d7 :I* WE HAVE ALREADY QUOT$1 ! FIR/ S5T5CE READS1 0,K9DLY S5D A PO/C>D AT ONCE TO LET ME KN[ IF ?IS LETT] REA*ES Y\ SAFELY1 ! PO/ GETS 9CREAS+LY UNC]TA940 ,! 9CREAS$ SURVEILLANCE SEEMS TO HAVE FOLL[$ ! ,GRE5WI* ,P>K EXPLOSION4 ,B\RD9 MAY HAVE BE5 ,FR5*1 BUT IT HAD BE5 MADE APP>5T -- NOT LEA/ BY ,H4,B4 ,SAMUELS -- ?AT CONTACTS BETWE5 ! =EIGN EXILES & ! NATIVE MOVEM5T W]E CLOSE4 ,WELL-PUBLICIZ$ >RE/S AMONG ! EXILES KEPT ! POT BOIL+4 ,9 E>LY ,APRIL A ,FR5* AN>*I/ CALL$ ,MEUNI] WAS >RE/$ & EXTRADITION PROCE$+S W]E BEGUN4 ,HE WAS WANT$ = ! ,CAFE ,V]Y EXPLOSION -- DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ! SAME ACCUSATION HAD BE5 MADE BY ! ,FR5* POLICE AB\T ,FRANCOIS1 :O AFT] EXTRADITION FROM ,5GL& WAS ACQUITT$4 ,BETWE5 TW5TY & TW5TY-FIVE PEOPLE 9 ALL HAD BE5 PO/$ AT ONE TIME OR ANO!R AS WANT$ = ?IS CRIME4 ,9SPECTOR ,MELVILLE WAS ALONE :5 HE >RE/$ ,MEUNI] ON ,VICTORIA ,/ATION2 :I* WAS P]HAPS A BRAVE ?+ TO DO1 EXCEPT ?AT IT MADE HIM ELIGIBLE = ALL ! REW>D (F]$ = ,MEUNI]'S >RE/4 ,?IS WAS A CONSID]ABLE SUM ( MONEY1 AM\NT+ TO SOME ,G,B,P#b1OOO4 ,A DEF5SE COMMITTEE WAS ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,LIB]TY GR\P1 BUT DESPITE !IR EF=TS ,MEUNI] WAS EXTRADIT$ 9 ,JUNE & S5T5C$ TO P5AL S]VITUDE = LIFE 9 ,JULY 9 ,FRANCE4.<#b#h#c.> 

,ON #a#d? ,APRIL1 ,GIUSEPPE ,F>N>A & ,FRANCIS ,POLTI1 TWO ,ITALIANS1 A BLACKSMI? & A TRAVEL] RESPECTIVELY1 W]E >RE/$ = BE+ 9 POSSESSION ( MAT]IALS 9T5D$ = BOMB-MAK+4 ,!Y HAD >\S$ ! SUSPICIONS ( ! [N] ( A SMALL 5G9E]+ %OP :]E !Y HAD GONE TO BUY AN IRON PIPE & HAD MADE 9QUIRIES AB\T ! POSSIBILITY ( HAV+ TWO SCREW CAPS MADE TO FIT IT4 ,?IS CASE CAUS$ QUITE A SPLA% 9 ! PRESS S9CE IT BECAME APP>5T ?AT ! BOMB HAD BE5 9T5D$ = USE 9 ,5GL&4 ,:5 ,F>N>A WAS >RE/$ HE APP>5TLY RAV$ ON AB\T ?R[+ A BOMB 9TO ! /OCK EX*ANGE & ?REAT5+ TO KILL EV]Y POLITICAL POLICEMAN 9 ,5GL& ) A DAGG]4 ,AT HIS TRIAL 7BE=E ! REPULSIVE ,JU/ICE ,HAWK9S7 HE PLEAD$ GUILTY4 ,?\< HIS /ATEM5TS ON >RE/ HAD BE5 LEAK$ TO ! PRESS1 !Y W]E NOT US$ AT HIS TRIAL2 BUT HE DID NOT HELP MATT]S BY ANN\NC+ TO ! C\RT1 0,I WANT$ TO KILL ! CAPITALI/S40 ,HE WAS S5T5C$ TO TW5TY YE>S ( P5AL S]VITUDE & ON #d? ,MAY ,POLTI WAS S5T5C$ TO T5 YE>S4 ,A ?IRD MAN1 CALL$ V>I\SLY ,C>NOT1 ,PI]MONTI OR '! BANK]'1 SEEMS TO HAVE 9/IGAT$ ! PLOT & TO HAVE PROVID$ ,F>N>A ) *LORATE ( POTA%4 7,?IS IGNITES :5 9 CONTACT ) SULFURIC ACID1 :I* WAS TO BE US$ AS DETONATOR47 ,?IS ?IRD MAN WAS NEV] CAU<T1 & !RE WAS GREAT SUSPICION 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ?AT HE WAS AN AG5T PROVOCATEUR4.<#b#h#d.> 

,ON #a/ ,JUNE1 A ,G]MAN AN>*I/ NAM$ ,FRITZ ,BRALL1 A MEMB] ( ! ,AUTONOMIE ,CLUB1 WAS >RE/$ 9 ,*ELSEA4 ,AT HIS HOME ! POLICE F\ND APP>ATUS = =G+ CO9S1 A QUANTITY ( *EMICALS & ELECTRIC BATT]IES4 ,!Y ALSO F\ND A PORTRAIT ( ,VAILLANT1 0WRITT5 RECIPES = ! MANUFACTURE ( ! MO/ VIOL5T EXPLOSIVES1 LETT]S FROM PROM95T ,AN>*I/S 9 V>I\S LANGUAGES & A COPY ( A PAMPHLET BY ! ,AN>*I/ ,JOHANN ,MO/ 5TITL$ ',! ,SCI5TIFIC ,REVOLUTION>Y ,W>F>E & ,DYNAMITE ,GUIDE'40.<#b#h#e.> ,AT ! COMMITTAL PROCE$+S IT WAS REVEAL$ ?AT ,BRALL HAD BE5 CONNECT$ ) ,MEUNI] & ,FRANCOIS1 ! TWO AN>*I/S EXTRADIT$ 9 CONNECTION ) A BOMB EXPLOSION 9 ,P>IS4 ,IT WAS ALSO SAID ?AT ! ,AUTONOMIE ,CLUB WAS DEFUNCT4 ,ALREADY VIEW$ ) DISFAVOR AT ! TIME ( ,B\RD9'S DEA? AS A HAUNT ( POLICE SPIES1 ! CLUB SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 CLOS$ AS A RESULT ( POLICE RAIDS1 PUBLICITY & >RE/S4 ,BRALL HAD BE5 GIV5 ! C\NT]FEIT+ APP>ATUS BY A FELL[ MEMB] :O WAS NEV] >RE/$4 ,IT SEEMS1 9 VIEW ( CONTEMPOR>Y EV5TS1 WOR? ASK+ :E!R ?IS WAS ANO!R POLICE AG5T4 ,H[EV]1 ! DEF5SE AT ,BRALL'S TRIAL WAS EFFICI5T1 & S9CE ! MAJOR *>GE CONC]N$ AN EI<? ( AN \NCE ( AN EXPLOSIVE SUB/ANCE -- ! SCRAP+S FROM AN 'EMPTY' J> -- & CONV9C+ WITNESSES W]E PRODUC$ TO EXPLA9 CIRCUM/ANTIAL EVID5CE1 HE WAS F\ND NOT GUILTY4 ,POSSESSION ( ! =G+ EQUIPM5T WAS TE*NICALLY NOT AN (F5SE S9CE IT WAS = NON-,5GLI% CURR5CY4 

,! USE ( AG5TS PROVOCATEURS HAD SPILL$ \T FROM ! =EIGN MOVEM5T 9TO ! ,5GLI% GR\PS4 ,W4,C4 ,H>T1 SECRET>Y FIR/ TO ! ,PECKHAM & !N ! ,DEPT=D AN>*I/ GR\P1 RELATES ! FOLL[+ 9CID5T4 ,A FRI5D ( ,H>T'S %ELT]$ A ,FR5*MAN :O HAD CLAIM$ ACQUA9TANCE ) ! ,WALSALL AN>*I/S -- AT ONE PO9T ! FRI5D EV5 PAWN$ HIS C>P5T]'S TOOLS TO BUY FOOD = ! /RANG]4 ,PRESSURE WAS PUT ON ! ,5GLI%MAN TO 'COMMIT AN \TRAGE'1 BUT HE KNEW NO?+ AB\T EXPLOSIVES4 ,SO A LETT] WAS WRITT5 BY ! /RANG] ON HIS BEHALF TO BE S5T TO ,JEAN ,GRAVE 9 ,P>IS ASK+ = A COPY ( ! ,L',9DICATEUR ,AN>*I/E 7:I* CONTA9$ BOMB RECIPES7 0AS HE 9T5DS MAK+ AN ACT ( PROPAG&A = ! CAUSE 9 ,LONDON40 ,H[EV]1 ,H>T READ ! LETT] BE=E IT WAS S5T1 & SMELL+ A RAT HE PUT IT 9 ! FIRE4 ,! ,FR5*MAN HAD GONE \T ?AT MORN+ & NEV] RETURN$4 ,= SOME WEEKS AFT]W>DS ,H>T'S FRI5D WAS FOLL[$ BY DETECTIVES4 ,H>T WAS LAT] TOLD 79T]E/+LY 5\< 0BY A REPRES5TATIVE ( ,SCOTL& ,Y>D07 ?AT ! ,FR5*MAN1 CONFID5T ?AT ! LETT] W\LD BE S5T1 HAD 9=M$ ! ,FR5* POLICE ( ITS LIKELY >RIVAL1 & !Y 9 TURN HAD 9=M$ ,SCOTL& ,Y>D4 ,HAD ! BOMB RECIPES >RIV$1 ,H>T'S FRI5D C\LD HAVE BE5 *>G$ ) CONSPIRACY & 9 ! ATMOSPH]E ( ! TIME C\LD EASILY HAVE GONE TO PRISON4.<#b#h#f.> ,!RE W]E O!R SIMIL> 9CID5TS3 0,A MAN :O HAD MADE HIMSELF PROM95T AS ! EXPON5T ( EXTREMI/ VIEWS 9 POLITICS -- HE WAS1 9 FACT1 AN AV[$ ,COMMUNI/-,AN>*I/ -- RECEIV$ BY PO/ AN +5I\S WORK+ DRAW+ %[+ H[ A SODA-WAT] BOTTLE MI<T BE CONV]T$ 9TO A V]Y DE/RUCTIVE BOMB40 ,HE ALSO RECEIV$ ANO!R DRAW+ %[+ H[ SU* A BOMB MI<T BE LAUN*$ BY SPR+S4 ,! DAY AFT] ! >RIVAL ( !SE DRAW+S ! MAN'S H\SE WAS RAID$ BUT NO?+ WAS F\ND1 BECAUSE ! MAN WAS SUSPICI\S & 0ON ITS RECEIPT HE PACK$ IT UP & S5T IT (F TO ,SCOTL& ,Y>D40.<#b#h#g.> 

,! H>ASSM5T & SURVEILLANCE ( ! ,5GLI% MOVEM5T TOOK PLACE 9 AN 9CREAS+LY FEV]I% ATMOSPH]E4 ,>RE/S L$ TO SUSPICION & P>ANOIA4 ,! NEWS ( BOMB+S & ASSASS9ATIONS ABROAD MIX$ /RANGELY ) ! S5SE ( HELPLESSNESS & RAGE 9 ! FACE ( ! P[] ( ! AU?ORITIES TO SMA% UP MEET+S1 AS AT ,PECKHAM1 ,MAN*E/] & ,HYDE ,P>K4 ,! MASS MOBILIZATION ( ! WORK]S TO (FSET ?IS WAS NOT )9 ! AN>*I/S' P[]4 ,! ORGANIZATIONS :I* HAD BLOSSOM$ S9CE ! APP>5TLY PRE-REVOLUTION>Y DAYS ( #ahhi & #ahi W]E 9CREAS+LY COMMITT$ TO CON/ITUTIONALISM & ELECTIONE]+4 ,= SOME SECTIONS ( ! AN>*I/S ! RESULT WAS A RETREAT 9TO A FANTASY WORLD4 ,! FANTASY RESID$ NOT SO MU* 9 ! FEASIBILITY ( ! ASSORT$ S*EMES PUT =W>D1 ?\< SOMETIMES ?IS WAS QUE/IONABLE1 BUT RA!R 9 ! SMALL LIKELIHOOD ( !IR BE+ C>RI$ \T & ! GAP BETWE5 ! MEANS & !IR /AT$ AIMS4 ,IT REPRES5T$ A DESIRE = REV5GE :I* WAS L>GELY SATISFI$ BY BELLICOSE WORDS & S*EMES NEV] DESIGN$ TO BECOME FLE%4 ,IT IS A FAMILI> PSY*OLOGICAL MANEUV]4 ,H>T TELLS US ?AT S*EMES W]E PUT =W>D TO DROP LICE ON ! RI* 9 ! /ALLS FROM ! GALL]IES ( !AT]S2 TO FILL ! C>RIAGES ( ! B\RGEOISIE ) HYDROG5 SULFIDE1 :I* HAS A ROTT5-EGGS /5*2 TO CATAPULT SMALL 9C5DI>Y BOMBS FROM ! TOP DECK ( A BUS 9TO ! UPP] /ORIES ( ! RI* MANSIONS ( ! ,WE/ ,5D4 ,NONE ( !SE S*EMES W]E PUT 9TO EFFECT1 & EV5 IF !Y HAD BE5 !IR PRECISE RELATION%IP TO ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION IS NOT CLE>4 ,SU* PROPOSALS W]E NOT GIV5 ! SOPHI/ICAT$ GLOSS ( A ,FR5* AN>*I/ LEAFLET ISSU$ 9 #ahid 5TITL$ ',LONG ,LIVE ,!FT6' 7',VIVE LE ,VOL6'7.<#b#h#h.>1 :I* = ALL ITS 'LOGIC' REMA9S FIRMLY 9 ! REALMS ( FANTASY3 

,FIR/ & =EMO/ HAS IT NOT LONG BE5 ADMITT$ ?AT PRODUCTION MU* EXCE$S CONSUMPTION8 ,IS ?IS NOT SO8 ,& :Y ?IS DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! TWO :I* %\LD NOT EXI/ AMONG HUMANITY8 ,) ! PURE/ LOGIC WE CAN REPLY ?AT ! FAULT IS FIR/LY 9 ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM & SECONDLY 9 ! IDIOTS :O BELIEVE !Y >E DUTY B\ND TO PRODUCE = #a1 #ab OR #ad H\RS A DAY = A MEAG] WAGE )\T CONSUM+ ! ?+S !Y NE$6 ,!RE=E TO REE/ABLI% EQUILIBRIUM BETWE5 !SE TWO ELEM5TS1 ! MO/ SIMPLE SOLUTION IS TO SUSP5D PRODUCTION & TO CONSUME AS MU* AS POSSIBLE SO ?AT EQUILIBRIUM IS RE/OR$ & ! ,REVOLUTION A*IEV$4 ,?IS IS ! BE/ ( ALL G5]AL /RIKES TO TALK AB\T4 444 ,! MORE !FT MULTIPLIES1 ! MORE PROP]TY IS DIVID$ & ! SOON] ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION IS BR\<T AB\T4 444 ,9 CONSEQU5CE1 COMRADES1 LET US PREA* 9 \R PROPAG&A ! NECESSITY = !FT 9 EXI/+ SOCIETY AS A RI<T ( W> & AS ! /RONGE/ WEAPON AGA9/ ! CAPITALI/ B\RGEOISIE4 ,H]E IS \R MO/ LOGICAL MEANS ( COMBAT4 ,SO3 LONG LIVE !FT6 ,= IT WILL SURELY LEAD US TO ! REMAK+ ( SOCIETY4 ,VIVE L'AN>*IE6 

,! DOCUM5T IS SIGN$ 'LES ,IMPURS ,UNIV]SELS'4 ,:ILE UND\BT$LY SOME AN>*I/S HAD MADE \T A CASE = !FT :I* WAS BAS$ 9 ! DESP]ATE WANT ( ! WORK+ CLASS 9 ! FACE ( ! 9DIFF]5CE ( ! RI*1 ?IS PIECE IS FUNDAM5TALLY DESIGN$ ONLY TO %OCK4 ,FE$+ (F PUBLICITY1 IT SEEKS TO G5]ATE MORE4 ,H[EV]1 ! 'REVOLUTION>Y !ORY ( !FT' HAD DAY-TO-DAY CONSEQU5CES :I* W]E DE/RUCTIVE ( ! S5SE ( FRAT]NITY 9 ! MOVEM5T4 ,FOLL[+ ON FROM ! LEAFLET ',VIVE LE ,VOL6' FUR!R LEAFLETS W]E ISSU$ JU/IFY+ ?IEV+ BETWE5 COMRADES4.<#b#h#i.> ,SYMPA?Y AMONG ! ,5GLI% AN>*I/S = ! SOMETIMES DESP]ATE PLI<T ( ! EXILES 9 ,LONDON SEEMS TO HAVE LAID !M OP5 TO EXPLOITATION4 ,ANY RESULT+ S5SE ( \TRAGE WAS 9ITIALLY NUMB$ BY A B>RAGE ( !ORETICAL JU/IFICATION & ABUSE CONC]N+ ! RESIDUAL B\RGEOIS ATTITUDES ( ! EXPLOITEE4 ,H>T1 = EXAMPLE1 IS V]Y BITT] ON ! SUBJECT4 ,HE SAYS ?AT 'COMRADES' ( ?IS P]SUASION W\LD RA!R /EAL FROM O!R AN>*I/S 0RELY+ ON ! VICTIM'S DETE/ATION ( ! LAW NOT TO H& !M OV] 9TO ITS CLUT*ES0 & ADDS ?AT HE HIMSELF HAD BE5 0A VICTIM ( !SE ROGUES TIME & TIME AGA940 ,9 FACT ! ONLY REASON HE GIVES = LEAV+ ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 9 HIS BAD1 IF SPORADICALLY 9=MATIVE1 BOOK IS HIS COMPLETE DISILLUSIONM5T ) ! 'COMPANIONS'4 ,HE SAYS1 0,I LEFT !M ULTIMATELY 9 UTT] DISGU/1 !Y !MSELVES HAV+ CONV9C$ ME ( ! UTT] FOLLY 7NOT TO SAY CRIM9ALITY7 ( ! :OLE ,AN>*I/ S*EME40.<#b#i.> ,HIS OBJECTIONS TO AN>*I/ !ORY >E FUNDAM5TALLY LITTLE MORE ?AN PO/-HOC RATIONALIZATIONS ( ?IS BITT]NESS4 ,SU* (F-PUTT+ T5D5CIES W]E NOT ONLY TO BE F\ND 9 ! ,FR5* MOVEM5T4 ,MAX ,NOMAD DESCRIBES1 9 HIS MEMOIRS1 H[3 

A ,G]MAN AN>*I/ OLD-TIM] PO9T$ \T TO ME1 AT A DI/ANCE1 A MIDDLE AG$ ,G]MAN WORK] BY ! NAME ( ,KONRAD1 :OM HE DESCRIB$ AS ! LA/ RELIC ( A P>TICUL>LY UNSAVORY PHASE ( ! MOVEM5T 9 ,5GL&1 A PHASE *>ACT]IZ$ BY C]TA9 ,G]MAN-LANGUAGE P]IODICALS1 PUBLI%$ DUR+ ! #a#h#iS -- AS A RULE %ORT-LIV$ V5TURES ( :I* ONLY A FEW ISSUES EV] APPE>$4 ,! $ITORS ( !SE PUBLICATIONS CON/ITUT$ A CLASS BY !MSELVES4 ,!Y W]E EI!R1 AS MO/ ( ! ,LONDON AN>*I/S SUSPECT$1 POLICE AG5TS HIR$ TO DISCR$IT ! MOVEM5T BY !IR PROPAG&A1 URG+ BURGL>Y 7ONE ( !IR ORGANS ACTUALLY BORE ! TITLE ,D] ,E9BRE*]1 :I* MEANS ,! ,BURGL>71 C\NT]FEIT+1 MURD] & ROBB]Y1 AS REVOLUTION>Y 'TE*NIQUES'2 OR ELSE !Y W]E PSY*OPA?S4 ,KONRAD WAS ONE ( ! LATT]4 ,HE SUFF]$ FROM COPROLALIA & WAS UNABLE TO WRITE A S+LE P>AGRAPH )\T US+ UNPR9TABLE EXPRESSIONS 444 HE HAD NEV] VIOLAT$ ! LAW 9 HIS LIFE1 EXCEPT BY ! PR9T+ ( HIS OBSC5ITIES2 & WAS ACTUALLY ! MO/ TIMID ( M54 ,HIS ULTR>ADICALISM WAS OBVI\SLY A SORT ( COMP5SATION = HIS S5SE ( 9F]IORITY4 

,9 ONE CASE HIS MANIA RESULT$ 9 TRAG$Y = A ,G]MAN PHILOSOPHICAL AN>*I/4 ,ON A VISIT TO ,LONDON1 HE HAD COME ACROSS A PAMPHLET WRITT5 BY ?AT MANIAC & HAD ?\<TLESSLY PUT IT 9 HIS SUITCASE ) ! 9T5TION ( %[+ IT TO HIS FRI5DS 9 ,B]L9 AS EVID5CE ( H[ CRAZY SOME ( !SE ,LONDON ULTRAS W]E4 ,?AT PAMPHLET RECOMM5D$ >SON AS ! BE/ MEANS = OV]?R[+ ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM4 ,KONRAD'S >GUM5T CULM9AT$ 9 ! S5T5CE3 ',EV5 A BEGG> CAN AF=D TO [N A FEW MAT*ES & PAP] CAN BE F\ND 9 ANY %IT-H\SE4' ,F\ND BY ! CU/OMS 9SPECTORS ON ! VISITOR'S RETURN TO ,G]MANY1 ?AT BRO*URE RESULT$ 9 ! LUCKLESS MAN'S BE+ S5T5C$ TO F\R YE>S' H>D LABOR4 ,HIS PROTE/S ?AT !SE W]E NOT HIS IDEAS W]E ( NO AVAIL4 ,HE WAS A BROK5 MAN :5 HE LEFT PRISON4.<#b#i#a.> 

,TO TRY & WORK ANY:]E NE> ! ULTRA SECTIONS ( ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T MEANT LIV+ ) BLACK ANTI-AN>*I/ PROPAG&A & OV]BL[N RHETORIC ON ! P>T ( AN>*I/S !MSELVES4 ,/RANG]S C\LD BE ! NEXT M>TYR1 AN AG5T PROVOCATEUR OR A CON MAN PURE & SIMPLE4 ,!RE WAS CON/ANT H>ASSM5T1 SURVEILLANCE & >RE/S BY ! POLICE & ID5TIFY+ POLICE SPIES WAS A CON/ANT PROBLEM4 ,& :O ! SPIES W]E DEP5D$ ON ! GR\P OR CLIQUE :O W]E MAK+ ! ACCUSATIONS OR W]E BE+ ACCUS$4 ,A ,FR5* 'C\NT]-ESPIONAGE' AN>*I/ GR\P :O SIGN$ !MSELVES ',ANONYMAT' DI/RIBUT$ MY/]I\S LITTLE LEAFLETS MAK+ ACCUSATIONS4 ,ONE ( !IR LEAFLETS ACCUS$ ,C\LON 7:O UND\BT$LY WAS A SPY7 TOGE!R ) ,TO*ATTI 7:O EQUALLY UND\BT$LY WASN'T7 & REGRETT$ NOT PAY+ ATT5TION TO ONE MAN BUT EXCUS$ !MSELVES ON ! GR\NDS ?AT !Y W]E 0OCCUPI$ ) ! ,CROYDON N>C ON A BICYCLE40 ,FURI\S ACCUSATIONS & EQUALLY FURI\S D5IALS FLEW BACK & =?4.<#b#i#b.> ,IT WAS 9 ?IS CONTEXT ?AT ! ACCUSATIONS AGA9/ ,H4,B4 ,SAMUELS W]E MADE4 ,AS WE HAVE SE51 ,SAMUELS WAS OP5LY BOA/+ ( HIS 9VOLVEM5T ) ,B\RD94 ,T[>DS ! 5D ( ,MAY #a#h#i#d1 SAYS ,L4,S4 ,BEV+TON3 0,SAMUELS CAME TO MY H\SE 444 & )\T MORE ADO1 SAT D[N & PROCE$$ TO GIVE ! MO/ M9UTE 9/RUCTIONS = MAK+ & *>G+ BOMBS4 ,HE DESCRIB$ ALL ! +R$I5TS & ! QUANTITIES1 :]E TO GET !M1 :AT PRETEXT TO GIVE ON BUY+ !M1 EV]Y?+ AB\T ! LATE/ 7& SIMPLE/7 MAT]IALS US$ -- & AFT] AN ELABORATE LESSON HE SAID1 ',I AM TELL+ ?IS TO EV]YBODY2 !RE >E SOON GO+ TO BE ,5GLI% ACTS TOO2 IT IS HI< TIME !RE %\LD BE'40 

,AT AB\T ! SAME TIME1 ,NICOLL TELLS US1 ,SAMUELS WAS WORK+ ) ANO!R TAILOR 0:OM WE WILL CALL ,R--40 ,! MAN WAS A SYMPA?IZ] & NOT BELIEV+ ,SAMUELS'S CON/ANT BOA/S ( KN[+ AB\T & BE+ ABLE TO PROVIDE EXPLOSIVES ASK$ HIM TO PROVIDE HIM ) SOME4 ,TO HIS SURPRISE ,SAMUELS TURN$ UP ONE DAY ) A L>GE BOTTLE ( SULFURIC ACID FROM :I* HE P\R$ \T A PHIAL-FULL & PRES5T$ IT TO HIS FELL[ WORK]4 ,SAMUELS 9=M$ HIM ?AT HE WAS GO+ TO DI/RIBUTE ! RE/ ( IT TO V>I\S O!R PEOPLE4 ,R-- WAS SC>$ /IFF & ?REW HIS ACID AWAY4.<#b#i#c.> 

,BUT ?AT NI<T 9 ! /REET HE MET AN ACQUA9TANCE :O WAS EVID5TLY 9 A HI< /ATE ( EXCITEM5T4 ',HAVE Y\ HE>D ! NEWS1' HE EXCLAIM$1 ',SAMUELS HAS BE5 GIV+ EXPLOSIVES TO ,J-- & TWO DAYS LAT] ,J--'S H\SE WAS RAID$ BY ! POLICE4 ,!Y EVID5TLY EXPECT$ TO F9D SOME?+1 = !Y TORE UP ! BO>DS ( ! FLOOR4' ,J-- WAS A ,FR5* ,AN>*I/ ONE ( ! LEAD+ SPIRITS ( ! ULTRA-REVOLUTION>Y S*OOL4 ,HE WAS EXTREMELY EXCITABLE & HOT-HEAD$ BUT NOT LIKELY TO COMMIT AN ACT ( VIOL5CE4 ,HE WAS A FAIR SPEAK] & MO/ ( HIS 9FLU5CE WAS DUE TO ?IS CIRCUM/ANCE4 ,= SOME TIME HIS H\SE & %OP HAD BE5 RAID$ AGA9 & AGA9 BY ,MELVILLE & ,CO4 & !Y SEEM$ B5T ON 'HAV+ HIM'4 ,IT WAS ?\<TFUL1 TO SAY ! LEA/ ( IT1 ( ,MR ,SAMUELS TO SUPPLY HIM ) 'A SMALL BOTTLE ( SULFURIC ACID'4.<#b#i#d.> 

,SAMUELS HAD ALSO PROVID$ O!R AN>*I/S ) ACID & ACCORD+ TO ,WILLIAM ,BANHAM HAD BE5 DI/RIBUT+ 0SOME O!R /UFF0 :I* COMB9$ ) ! ACID W\LD1 ,SAMUELS SAID1 PRODUCE A 0BEAUTIFUL & 9T]E/+ EXP]IM5T40 ,NICOLL SAYS ?AT ?IS WAS POTASSIUM PICRATE1 :I* HAD BE5 ! *>GE 9 ! BOMB C>RI$ BY ,B\RD94 ,SAMUELS'S DI/RIBUTION ( EXPLOSIVES & ! RAID ON ,J--'S H\SE MADE PEOPLE ACUTELY SUSPICI\S ( ,SAMUELS4 ,! RESULT AS ,NICOLL TELLS IT WAS ?AT 0444ONE EV5+ A Y\NG MAN :O ONCE BELIEV$ 9 ,SAMUELS >OSE SOLEMNLY AT ! WEEKLY MEET+ ( ! ,COMMONWEAL ,GR\P & D5\NC$ HIM4 ,SAMUELS WAS DUMBF\ND$1 HE C\LD ONLY EJACULATE1 ',!Y ASK$ ME = IT'40 ,! QUE/ION WAS LEFT HANG+ = TWO WEEKS UNTIL A FULL HE>+ C\LD BE GIV5 TO ACCUS$ & ACCUS]4 ,AT ?IS MEET+ ,SAMUELS 0ADMITT$ ?AT HE HAD GIV5 AWAY SULFURIC ACID1 BUT SAID HE HAD DONE IT AT ! REQUE/ ( HIS ACCUS]S4 ,AS TO ! ,B\RD9 AFFAIR1 HE DECL>$ HE HAD /OL5 ! EXPLOSIVES \T ( ! H\SE ( A COMRADE ,D-- 7,DR ,FAUSET ,MAC,DONALD7 :O HAD !M = USE 9 HIS BUS9ESS1 & GIV5 !M TO ,B\RD9 & ?AT S9CE ?AT AFFAIR HE SUPPLI$ SULFURIC ACID1 ETC41 TO ,J-- & ,R-- FROM ! SAME PLACE40 ,HE ADMITT$ ?AT IT WAS HE :O HAD ACCOMPANI$ ,B\RD9 TO ,WE/M9/] ,BRIDGE & ?AT !Y HAD BE5 FOLL[$ BY DETECTIVES4 ,NICOLL GOES ON 0AFT] ! DEA? ( POOR ,B\RD91 ?IS CALM PHILOSOPH]1 ,MR ,SAMUELS WROTE ?AT 9T]VIEW ) ! ,C5TRAL ,NEWS & RECEIV$ ?REE GU9EAS = HIS TR\BLE4 ,MR ,SAMUELS \<T TO HAVE A C>E] 9 J\RNALISM40.<#b#i#e.> 

,SOMEONE REMON/RAT$ ) ,SAMUELS :5 !Y HE>D ?IS4 ',Y\ \<T NOT TO HAVE DONE IT1' !Y CRI$4 ',Y\ GO & -- Y\RSELF1' SAID ,SAMUELS1 ',I %ALL MAKE MONEY H[ ,I LIKE4' ,BUT ! QUE/IONS GREW PRESS+ & 9CONV5I5T & SOME MORE FACTS MI<T HAVE COME \T = ,R -- & O!RS W]E AB\T TO ASK SOME QUE/IONS :5 HE SUDD5LY RECOLLECT$ SOME?+1 ',MY WIFE IS D[N/AIRS1' HE SAID1 ',I'LL BR+ H] UP4' ,HE BR\<T H] UP & %E IMM$IATELY BEGAN TO ASSAIL ! GR\P ) VIOL5T ABUSE & ?REW ! :OLE MEET+ 9TO TURMOIL4 ',I SUPPOSE ,I MU/ GO1' SAID ,SAMUELS & HE W5T TAK+ HIS WIFE ) HIM4 ,?IS SAV$ HIM A TR\BLESOME CROSS-EXAM9ATION :I* MI<T HAVE BE5 AWKW>D4.<#b#i#f.> 

,AFT] ,SAMUELS'S F>CICAL EXIT ! ,COMMONWEAL ,GR\P DECID$ TO DEPOSE HIM AS $ITOR & EXPEL HIM FROM ! GR\P4 ,NO PUBLIC /ATEM5T WAS MADE AB\T ! ACCUSATIONS AGA9/ HIM1 ! ONLY 9DICATION ON ! SURFACE BE+ A NOTE BY ,SAMUELS 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL ( #i? ,JUNE1 :I*1 TO SAY ! LEA/1 WAS L[-KEY4.<#b#i#g.> ,IT READ1 0,9 CONSEQU5CE ( LACK ( FUNDS ! NEXT ISSUE ( ! ,WEAL WILL BE HELD OV] UNTIL SUFFICI5T MONEY IS RECEIV$ TO MAKE A FRE% />T4 ,!RE IS A FEEL+ H]E AMONG COMRADES ?AT IT W\LD BE ADVISABLE TO ALT] ! POLICY HI!RTO ADOPT$ BY ! PAP] SO ,I HAVE T5D]$ MY RESIGNATION AS $ITOR :I* HAS BE5 ACCEPT$ BY ! GR\P P5D+ ! SETTLEM5T ( ! ATTITUDE ! GR\P WILL ADOPT 9 ! REISSUE 4440 ,! ,COMMONWEA,I ,GR\P SEEM$ ANXI\S NOT TO WA% ITS DIRTY L95 9 PUBLIC4 ,H[EV] UND]/&ABLE ?IS WAS IT ALL[$ RUMOR & SUSPICION TO BUBBLE UND] ! SURFACE 9 A WAY :I* C\LD ONLY BE DISRUPTIVE4 ,IF A PRECISE BODY ( *>GES HAD BE5 BR\<T AGA9/ ,SAMUELS & EXAM9$ BY AN IMP>TIAL 'C\RT ( HONOR' MU* ( ?IS DISRUPTION C\LD HAVE BE5 PREV5T$4 ,DAVID ,NICOLL WAS TO PRESS = SU* A C\RSE1 BUT MEET+ ) NO RESPONSE HE FELT =C$ TO AIR HIS SUSPICIONS OP5LY & UNILAT]ALLY4 ,:ILE ! TURMOIL AFT] ,SAMUELS'S DEP>TURE & DISRUPTION CAUS$ BY POLICE ACTION >E ONE EXPLANATION ( ! GR\P'S LACK ( 5]GY 9 ! QUE/ION1 ) EV]Y WEEK ?AT PASS$ 9ACTIVITY BEGAN TO PROVIDE ITS [N JU/IFICATION4 

,! GR\P WAS NOT ABLE TO PUBLI% ANO!R ISSUE ( ! PAP] BE=E IT WAS HIT BY ! >RE/ ( ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N & ! OCCUPATION ( ! ,COMMONWEAL (FICE BY ! POLICE4 ,( NECESSITY ?IS TOOK ATT5TION AWAY FROM ! QUE/ION ( ,SAMUELS2 & ! >RE/ & TRIAL ( ! TWO M5 =MS SOME?+ ( AN 9T]LUDE4 ,! :OLE ?+ />T$ ORD9>ILY 5\<4 ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N HAD GONE TO ! NEW ,T[] ,BRIDGE1 :I* WAS TO BE OP5$ ! NEXT DAY 7#c? ,JUNE7 BY ASSORT$ ROYALTY & POLITICIANS4 ,!Y 9T5D$ TO ADDRESS ! WORK]S :O HAD BUILT IT & !IR MESSAGE WAS CLE>LY WRITT5 ON A PLAC>D ,CANTWELL HAD PR9T$ = ! OCCASION3 ,FELL[ WORK]S1 Y\ HAVE EXP5D$ LIFE1 5]GY & SKILL 9 BUILD+ ?IS BRIDGE4 ,N[ COMES ! ROYAL V]M9 & RASCALLY (FICIALS 9 POMP & SPL5DOR TO CLAIM ! CR$IT4 ,Y\ >E TAK5 TO ! WORKH\SE & A PAUP]'S GRAVE TO GLORIFY !SE LAZY SW9E :O LIVE UPON \R LABOR4 ,! PLAC>D F9I%$ ) ! FOLL[+ L9ES FROM ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS'S POEM ',! ,VOICE ( ,TOIL'3 

,I HE>D M5 SAY+1 ,LEAVE TE>S & PRAY+ 

,! %>P KNIFE HE$E? NOT ! %EEP2 

,>E WE NOT /RONG] ?AN ! RI* & ! WRONG] 

,:5 DAY BREAKS OV] DREAMS & SLEEP8 

,CANTWELL SPOKE FIR/ & MADE ! PO9TS EXPRESS$ BY ! PLAC>D4 ,BUT ?IS >EA 9 ! VIC9ITY ( ,T[] ,HILL WAS A PROM95T SPEAK+-PIT* & ?US T5D$ TO ATTRACT 'PR(ESSIONAL' ANTI-SOCIALI/S4 ,FUR!R1 !Y HAD *OS5 A RA!R S5SITIVE TIME TO PREA* AN>*ISM1 AS ! AN>*I/ ,SANTO ,CAS]IO HAD FIVE DAYS PREVI\SLY ASSASS9AT$ ,PRESID5T ,C>NOT ( ,FRANCE ) A DAGG]4 ,! MATT] WAS /ILL AN EXTREMELY LIVE ISSUE4 ,CANTWELL WAS ASK$ AB\T ,C>NOT'S DEA?1 ! PROSECUTION ALLEG+ MORE & MORE BLOOD?IR/Y REPLIES AS C\RT HE>+ SUCCE$$ HE>+4 ,! DEF5SE WAS TO CLAIM ?AT ! QUE/ION WAS 'TURN$ ASIDE1' & ?IS W\LD SEEM TO BE CONFIRM$ BY ! FACT ?AT PRESS REPORTS ( ! MEET+ M5TION$ NO 9CITEM5T TO FOLL[ ,CAS]IO'S EXAMPLE4 ,! EXPLANATION = ?IS OMISSION GIV5 BY A REPORT]1 :O HAD BE5 PRES5T1 AT ! TRIAL ?AT 0! EV5+ PAP]S DO NOT C>E = S5SATIONAL REPORTS0 CAN BE SAFELY DISREG>D$4 

,:5 ,CANTWELL HAD F9I%$ SPEAK+ ,QU9N TOOK OV]4 ,CANTWELL1 H[EV]1 WAS SOON 9 TR\BLE 9 ! CR[D4 ,ACCORD+ TO ONE ( ! *IEF PROSECUTION WITNESSES AT ! TRIAL1 ONE ,BRAD51 HE SAID TO ,CANTWELL1 0,Y\ >E A DIRTY DOG4 ,>E Y\ A SPECIM5 ( AN ,AN>*I/80 TO :I* ,CANTWELL REPLI$ 0,YES40 ,BRAD5 !N CALL$ HIM A DIRTY DOG AGA9 & PU%$ HIM4 

,SEV]AL O!R PEOPLE SEEM TO HAVE JO9$ 91 = ,CANTWELL F\ND IT NECESS>Y TO RUN = IT4 ,HE WAS F9ALLY >RE/$ 9 ,GRACE*UR* ,/REET1 :]E ! POLICEM5 :O DID SO SAID ,CANTWELL 0WAS WAV+ A R$ H&K]*IEF & %\T+1 ',I'M AN ,AN>*I/4' ,!RE WAS A MOB ( #d-#e P]SONS >\ND HIM4 ,SOME ( !M %\T$1 ',LYN* HIM'2 O!RS ATTEMPT$ TO /RIKE HIM ) L>GE PIECES ( WOOD 4440 ,BE+ PURSU$ BY PEOPLE :O W]E TRY+ TO HIT HIM ) L>GE PIECES ( WOOD OBVI\SLY AM\NT$ TO DISORD]LY CONDUCT & ,CANTWELL WAS >RE/$ & SO *>G$4 ,AT ! POLICE /ATION1 H[EV]1 AN>*I/ LIT]ATURE WAS F\ND ON HIM & IT WAS REVEAL$ ?AT HE WAS A 0DANG]\S ,AN>*I/ WELL KN[N TO ! ,C4,I4,D40 & ON !SE GR\NDS HE WAS REM&$ 9 CU/ODY AT ! POLICE C\RT S9CE 0ON ! NEXT OCCASION MORE S]I\S *>GES W\LD BE PREF]R$ AGA9/ HIM40 

,QU9N MEAN:ILE HAD SLIPP$ 9TO A *UR* TO GET AWAY4 ,HE HAD !N GONE HOME4 ,) MORE C\RAGE ?AN S5SE HE W5T TO ! POLICE /ATION ! NEXT DAY 0TO SEE FAIR PLAY = ,CANTWELL0 AS ,FRE$OM PUT IT & WAS HIMSELF >RE/$4 ,! MEET+ AT ,T[] ,BRIDGE HAD BE5 A BIT HECTIC BUT UNEXCEPTIONAL4 ,! LANGUAGE ( ! PLAC>D WAS NO DIFF]5T FROM ?OSE :I* ANN\NC$ 9 9DIGNATION MEET+S ON ! ROYAL M>RIAGE 9 #a#h#i#c4 

,! CONSEQU5CES ON ?IS OCCASION W]E TO BE RA!R DIFF]5T4 ,9 ! 9DEX TO ! ,TIMES1 ! NAME ( ! P]SON *>G$ IS GIV51 FOLL[$ BY ! NATURE ( !IR (F5SE4 ,9 ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N'S CASE ! (F5SE IS SIMPLY GIV5 AS ',AN>*ISM'4 ,!IR TRIAL WAS SOME?+ ( A TRAVE/Y EASILY EXPLA9$ AS ! CONSEQU5CE ( POLITICAL HO/ILITY4 

,?R\< V>I\S C\RT APPE>ANCES ! TWO M5 W]E KEPT 9 PRISON = A MON?4 ,ALMO/ IMM$IATELY AFT] !IR >RE/ 7ON #a/ ,JULY7 ! ,COMMONWEAL (FICE WAS RAID$ & OCCUPI$ BY ! POLICE4 ,!Y /AY$ 9 POSSESSION ( IT UNTIL #c? ,JULY1 DR9K+ VA/ AM\NTS ( BE]1 OP5+ ALL LETT]S ?AT >RIV$ & BREAK+ UP =MES ( TYPE4 ,! GR\NDS = OCCUPATION W]E ?AT ,CANTWELL LIV$ 9 ! (FICE1 & ?AT !Y W]E GU>D+ ,CANTWELL'S PROP]TY UNTIL ! LEGAL [N]S ( ! (FICE CLAIM$ IT4 7,IT WAS IRONIC ?AT !SE %\LD TURN \T TO BE ,DAVID ,NICOLL & ,FRANK ,KITZ47 ,! FEEL+ 9 ! MOVEM5T AT ?IS TIME IS GIV5 BY ,JOHN ,TURN] 9 A LETT] TO ,NICOLL3 0,?IS AFFAIR HAS PUT US 9 A FAIR MESS1 ,I CAN ASSURE Y\ -- ! POLICE /ILL 9 POSSESSION ( ! (FICE & DO+ ALL !Y CAN TO 5SURE A CONVICTION ( ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N4 ,%\LD !Y SECURE A CONVICTION WE BELIEVE IT MEANS ! SUPPRESSION ( ALL OP5 PROPAG&A40.<#b#i#h.> ,IT W\LD APPE> FROM ! EV5TUAL *>GES AGA9/ ! TWO M5 ?AT ! POLICE W]E DO+ ALL !Y C\LD TO SECURE A CONVICTION4 ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N W]E EV5TUALLY COMMITT$ = TRIAL ON F\R *>GES3 7#a7 ,9CITEM5T TO MURD] MEMB]S ( ! ,ROYAL ,FAMILY & ASSORT$ POLITICIANS2 7#b7 S$ITI\S LIBEL ON ! ,ROYAL ,FAMILY2 7#c7 ! PUBLICATION ( ! LEAFLET ,:Y ,VAILLANT ,?REW ! ,BOMB1 & 7#d7 A *>GE UND] ! ,EXPLOSIVES ,ACT ON ! GR\NDS ( A MANUSCRIPT F\ND AT ! ,SIDM\? ,MEWS (FICE4 ,TAK+ ! *>GES 9 ORD]1 ! 9CITEM5T TO MURD] L>GELY DEP5D$ ON WITNESSES AT ,T[] ,BRIDGE4 ,! EVID5CE GIV5 WAS CONTRADICTORY & ONE ( ! WITNESSES = ! PROSECUTION ADMITT$ 9 C\RT ?AT HE HAD 0DONE ?+S = ! POLICE :I* ,I DO NOT WI% M5TION$40 ,DETECTIVES 0W]E OV]HE>D BY ! CL]K ( ! SOLICITOR = ! DEF5SE ZEAL\SLY COA*+ UP ! WITNESSES \TSIDE ON :AT !Y W]E TO SAY40 ,AS F> AS PR9T$ MAT]IAL WAS CONC]N$ ! 9CITEM5T TO MURD] WAS ALLEG$ TO RESIDE 9 ! ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS L9E AB\T 0,! %>P KNIFE0 :I* 0HE$E? NOT ! %EEP10 :]E ! ,ROYAL ,FAMILY1 ETC41 W]E 9T]PRET$ AS ! LAMBS = ! SLAU<T]4 ,?IS IS A COMPLETE 9V]SION ( ! S5SE ( ! L9ES1 :I* CLE>LY CALL ! WORK]S ! %EEP & CAPITALISM ! KNIFE4 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS WAS CALL$ TO EXPLA9 ?IS PO9T BUT WAS CUT %ORT BY ! JUDGE1 :O SAID1 0,IT DOES NOT MATT] :AT ! WRIT] IMPLIES1 ! QUE/ION IS :AT ! PRISON]S IMPLY40 ,! *>GE ( S$ITI\S LIBEL BOIL$ D[N TO ! FACT ?AT !Y CALL$ ! ,ROYAL ,FAMILY RUDE ?+S & !Y W]E C]TA9LY GUILTY ( ?IS -- AS GUILTY AS ! $ITOR ( EV]Y SOCIALI/ PAP] 9 ,5GL&4 

,! LEAFLET ,:Y ,VAILLANT ,?REW ! ,BOMB CONSI/$ ( ,VAILLANT'S DECL>ATION AT HIS TRIAL & A BIOGRAPHICAL PIECE :I* SAID ?AT ! WORK]S %\LD RECOGNIZE HIS ACT AS H]OIC4 ,NO EVID5CE EXCEPT ! BELIEF ( ,S]GEANT ,WAL% WAS (F]$ TO PROVE ?AT ,CANTWELL HAD PR9T$ ! LEAFLET1 :I* WAS1 9 ANY CASE1 A RA!R MILD AFFAIR4 ,AS TO ! MANUSCRIPT F\ND AT ,SIDM\? ,MEWS1 ,FRE$OM DESCRIB$ IT AS 0SOME OLD LECTURES LONG AGO PUBLICLY DELIV]$0 BUT NOT BY ,CANTWELL OR ANY MEMB] ( ! ,COMMONWEAL ,GR\P4 ,?IS MANUSCRIPT HAD BE5 S5T TO ! 0,WEAL (FICE TO SEE IF !Y W\LD PR9T IT4 ,!Y HAD NO 9T5TION ( DO+ SO & DID NOT EV5 KN[ IT WAS /ILL !RE1 BUT UNLUCKILY :5 ! (FICE WAS RAID$ ! POLICE F\ND IT AMONG SOME OLD PAP]S40 ,ANO!R S\RCE ALLEGES1 H[EV]1 ?AT ! MANUSCRIPT WAS F\ND BEH9D A LOOSE BRICK 9 ! WALL4.<#b#i#i.> ,:]EV] IT WAS F\ND IT IS WOR? SPECULAT+ :E!R ?IS WAS ,CYRIL ,BELL'S TRANSLATION ( ,MO/'S ,REVOLUTION>Y ,W>F>E OR ! TEXT ( ,C\LON'S *EMI/RY LESSONS TO ! ,Y\NG ,AN>*I/S4 ,BUT :ATEV] ITS ORIG9 & DESPITE ! PLEA ?AT ! RESPONSIBILITY = ! MANUSCRIPT LAY ) ! $ITOR ( ! ,COMMONWEAL 7I4E4 ,SAMUELS67 !RE IS NO D\BT ?AT IT TOLD HEAVILY AGA9/ ! TWO M54 

,FIVE DEF5SE WITNESSES SAID ?AT ! PRISON]S HAD SAID NO?+ AB\T BOMBS1 ASSASS9ATIONS OR ,C>NOT2 !SE SUBJECTS W]E 9TRODUC$ BY PEOPLE 9 ! CR[D & 'TURN$ ASIDE' BY ! SPEAK]S4 ,AS TO !SE PEOPLE 9 ! CR[D1 A POLICEMAN TURN$ CAB-DRIV] 0SUGGE/$ ?AT ! DI/URBANCE WAS CAUS$ BY A SMALL CLIQUE & ! CR[D 9 G5]AL WAS NOT HO/ILE TO ! SPEAK]S40 ,! DEF5SE WAS GIV5 %ORT %RIFT BY ! JUDGE1 :O REPEAT$LY 9T]RUPT$1 TO ! *E]S ( PROSECUTION WITNESSES :O REMA9$ 9 C\RT4 

,DEF5SE WITNESSES ON ! O!R H& W]E ONLY ALL[$ ONE AT A TIME 9TO ! C\RT & SOME W]E ?REAT5$ BY ! POLICE1 :O PACK$ ! CORRIDORS \TSIDE4 ,SPECTATORS W]E KEPT \T ( ! C\RT IF ! POLICE CONSID]$ !M FRI5DS ( ! PRISON]S & 'DANG]\S *>ACT]S'4 ,ONE SU* 7UNKN[N7 DANG]\S *>ACT] :O WAS %UT \T WROTE TO ! ,WE/M9/] ,GAZETTE SAY+ ?AT ! UND]%]IFF TOLD HIM 0HE WOND]$ A MEMB] ( ! WELL-TO-DO CLASSES %\LD TAKE AN 9T]E/ & ADD+ ',\R OBJECT IS TO GET SU* M5 \T ( ! WAY AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE'40 ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N W]E F\ND GUILTY & GIV5 SIX MON?S APIECE4.<#c.> 

,:ILE ! TRIAL WAS OCCUPY+ ! ,COMMONWEAL ,GR\P1 9 ANO!R QU>T] ! QUE/ION ( ,SAMUELS'S ALLEG$ POLICE SPY+ WAS NOT BE+ ALL[$ TO RE/4 ,NICOLL1 BY N[ 9 ,%EFFIELD & ! $ITOR ( HIS [N PAP]1 ! ,AN>*I/1 DET]M9$LY MADE ! MATT] PUBLIC4 ,ON HIS RELEASE FROM PRISON HE HAD COMM5C$ WORK ON HIS PAMPHLET ,! ,WALSALL ,AN>*I/S1 :I* HE PUBLI%$ AT ! 5D ( ,JANU>Y #a#h#i#d4 ,HE HAD ADDRESS$ MANY MEET+S1 SPEAK+ AT ,REG5T'S ,P>K ) ,CANTWELL ?R\< ,DECEMB] #a#h#i#c4 ,AS WE HAVE SE51 HE TRI$ TO HOLD A MEET+ 9 ,TRAFALG> ,SQU>E :5 AN>*I/ MEET+S W]E BANN$ !RE4 ,AS WE HAVE ALSO SE51 V]Y LITTLE ( HIS ACTIVITY WAS NOT$ BY ,FRE$OM & EV5 LESS BY ! ,COMMONWEAL4 ,! CAUSE ( ?IS WAS OBVI\SLY ! DISPUTE OV] ! $ITOR%IP ( ! LATT]4 

,SAMUELS W\LD BE UNLIKELY TO PUBLICIZE A RIVAL 9 HIS PAP]1 & AS F> AS ,FRE$OM WAS CONC]N$ ! G5]AL ,LONDON REPORT WAS WRITT5 BY ,PRESBURG1 A CLOSE ASSOCIATE & ADMIR] ( ,SAMUELS :O HAD %[N ,NICOLL COPIES ( ,SAMUELS'S ,COMMONWEAL AS ! SORT ( ?+ REQUIR$ ( HIM4 ,NICOLL ALSO TELLS US ?AT ON HIS RELEASE HE (F]$ ! TEXT ( HIS SPEE* AT HIS TRIAL 7LAT] PUBLI%$ AS ,AN>*Y AT ! ,B>7 TO ,C4,M4 ,WILSON1 ! $ITOR ( ,FRE$OM3 0,MRS ,WILSON S5T IT TO ,C>P5T]1 ,C>P5T] S5T IT TO ,GORE .<! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P'S SOLICITOR 9 ! ,WALSALL CASE.>4 ,GORE SAID IT WAS 'LIBEL\S' & ,MRS ,WILSON DECL9$ TO PR9T IT40.<#c#a.> ,?IS WAS NOT V]Y BRAVE ( ,MRS ,WILSON1 & ,NICOLL CAN BE EXCUS$ = FEEL+ ?AT HE WAS BE+ SUBJECT$ TO SOME?+ ( A BOYCOTT4 ,NO D\BT ?IS FEEL+ WAS CONSID]ABLY DEEP5$ BY ! CIRCUM/ANCES1 SURR\ND+ ! CONF]5CE 9 ,DECEMB] #a#h#i#c1 :I* CONFIRM$ ,SAMUELS AS $ITOR ( ! ,COMMONWEAL4 ,NEV]!LESS ,NICOLL (F]$ ! ,COMMONWEAL ! TEXT ( HIS ,WALSALL PAMPHLET4 ,?IS (F] TOO WAS REFUS$4 ,NICOLL WAS NOT SURE :E!R IT WAS BECAUSE ,SAMUELS WAS 0SC>$ ( A CRIM9AL PROSECUTION = LIBEL0 OR BECAUSE ( ITS ACCUSATIONS AGA9/ ,C\LON1 ) :OM ,SAMUELS HAD PRES]V$ RELATIONS4.<#c#b.> ,NICOLL WAS BE+ =C$ TO PL[ A LONELY FURR[4 

,NICOLL LEFT ,LONDON 9 E>LY ,FEBRU>Y #a#h#i#d1 %ORTLY BE=E ! ,GRE5WI* ,P>K EXPLOSION1 TO FULFILL SOME SPEAK+ 5GAGEM5TS4 ,HE HAD ALSO DECID$ TO TRY & />T AN AN>*I/ PAP] 9 ! PROV9CES4 ,HE W5T FIR/ TO ,LEICE/]1 BUT ! AN>*I/S !RE W]E NOT KE5 ON ! IDEA4 ,HE !N W5T TO ,%EFFIELD :]E HIS PAP] WAS DESIGN$ TO BE A REVIVAL ( ! ,%EFFIELD ,AN>*I/4.<#c#c.> ,?US ,NICOLL WAS NOT 9 ,LONDON :5 ,SAMUELS WAS ACCUS$ AT ! ,COMMONWEAL ,GR\P MEET+1 ?\< LETT]S ( HIS TO ,LONDON C\LD HAVE BE5 AN 9/IGAT+ FACTOR4 ,IT HAS TO BE SAID1 ?\<1 ?AT ,SAMUELS WAS UND] SUSPICION FROM MORE ?AN ONE QU>T] & = MORE ?AN ONE REASON4 ,WILLIAM ,WRI<T1 AN AN>*I/ CAB-DRIV] ACTIVE 9 ! CABM5'S /RIKE 9 #ahid WROTE3 0,I HAD MY SUSPICIONS >\S$ SOME F\R MON?S AGO BECAUSE ,I NOTIC$ ?AT ,SAMUELS DID NOT LIKE ,QU9N BECAUSE ,QU9N DID NOT LET HIM BOSS ! %[4 ,IT SEEMS SO /RANGE = !M TO PROSECUTE ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N :ILE ,SAMUELS HAS WROTE ?REE TIMES MORE ?AN ?AT 9 ! ,WEAL & NO?+ WAS SAID AB\T IT4 ,I TELL Y\ ?AT FROM ! TIME ( ! ,B\RD9 AFFAIR1 ,QU9N HAS BE5 FOLL[$ AB\T & P]SECUT$ :]EV] HE W5T40.<#c#d.> ,AFT] ,SAMUELS WAS EXPELL$ FROM ! ,COMMONWEAL ,GR\P ,NICOLL WROTE A RA!R GLOAT+ PIECE 9 ! ,AN>*I/4 ,HE REVIEWS ,SAMUELS'S 0DI/RIBUTION ( EXPLOSIVES0 & ! SUBSEQU5T POLICE RAID ON ,J-- 1 HE !N GOES ON TO DISCUSS HIS RELATIONS ) ,B\RD9 & HIS *>M$ LIFE ?R\<\T4 ,HE 5DS1 0,:5 PEOPLE >E >RE/$ = QUOT+ SOME L9ES ( A POEM BY A GREAT WRIT] & ANO!R MAN IS TRI$ AT ! ,OLD ,BAILEY = HAV+ A BOTTLE 9 HIS POSSESSION ) A FEW GRA9S 444 ( :AT A ,GOV]NM5T 'EXP]T' IS PLEAS$ TO CALL 'FULM9ATE ( M]CURY' IT IS TIME TO ASK -- ,:Y PEOPLE :O 9CITE TO MURD] & SUPPLY O!RS ) EXPLOSIVES >E ALL[$ TO ESCAPE80 

,!RE WAS A MIX$ RESPONSE TO ?IS >TICLE 9 ! MOVEM5T4 7,IT HAS TO BE REMEMB]$ ?AT ?IS WAS ! FIR/ TIME ?AT ! NATURE ( ! ACCUSATIONS AGA9/ ,SAMUELS HAD APPE>$ 9 PR9T47 ,NICOLL RECEIV$ ! FIR/ ( :AT PROV$ TO BE A S]IES FROM ,SAMUELS3 0,Y\ >E A C[>DLY 5VI\S LI> & ,I %ALL MAKE Y\ EAT Y\R PAP] ! NEXT TIME ,I SEE Y\4 ,NO COMRADE 9 ,LONDON PLACES ANY RELIANCE ON :AT Y\ SAY OR DO AS IT IS WELL KN[N ?AT Y\ >E AN IMBECILE & NOT RESPONSIBLE4 ,H4,B ,SAMUELS40 ,JOHN ,TURN] WROTE TO ,NICOLL1 0,Y\R FACTS RE ,SAMUELS >E A BIT \T BUT O!RWISE IT IS ALL RI<T40.<#c#e.> ,NICOLL 9T]PRET$ ?IS TO MEAN ?AT ,SAMUELS HAD NOT DI/RIBUT$ EXPLOSIVES BUT SULFURIC ACID1 :I*1 H[EV]1 ,NICOLL SAYS IS AN EXPLOSIVE UND] ! MEAN+ ( ! ,EXPLOSIVES ,ACT4 ,ANO!R RESULT ( ,NICOLL'S >TICLE WAS ?AT ,DR ,FAUSET ,MAC,DONALD & ,H]B]T ,/OCKTON ( ! ,MAN*E/] GR\P TRAVEL$ TO ,%EFFIELD TO TRY & P]SUADE ,NICOLL 0TO MAKE NO DISCLOSURES 9 ! ,AN>*I/40 ,MAC,DONALD 0SAID HE WAS FIRMLY CONV9C$ ',SAMUELS WAS NOT A POLICE AG5T'40.<#c#f.> ,! 9T]VIEW WAS A SOME:AT HEAT$ ONE1 = ,DR ,MAC,DONALD'S SURG]Y HAD PROVID$ ! *EMICALS ?AT ,SAMUELS HAD DI/RIBUT$1 & ,NICOLL WAS ( ! OP9ION ?AT ,MAC,DONALD HIMSELF WAS NOT ABOVE SUSPICION4 

,NEV]!LESS1 ,NICOLL DID AGREE TO PR9T NO?+ MORE ON ! MATT] ON CONDITION ?AT A COMMITTEE ( 9QUIRY WAS SET UP TO LOOK 9TO HIS ALLEGATIONS4 ,H]B]T ,/OCKTON WROTE TO ,MRS ,WILSON & TO ,DR ,MAC,DONALD ASK+ = ! OP9ION ( ! ,LONDON COMRADES ON ! MATT]4 ,/OCKTON CONT9UES 9 A LETT] TO ,NICOLL3 

,I TOLD ,MRS ,WILSON :AT HAPP5$ AT ,%EFFIELD & /AT$ Y\ ASK$ H] TO TAKE AN 9ITIATIVE 9 ! MATT] -- REQUE/+ ! FAVOR ( AN IMM$IATE REPLY4 ,?IS WAS LA/ WEEK DIRECTLY ,I >RIV$ HOME BUT ,MRS ,WILSON HAS NOT REPLI$ YET4 ,MAC,DONALD WROTE AT ONCE /AT+ ?AT ! AFFAIR HAD DI$ A NATURAL DEA? & ALMO/ =GOTT5 & ?AT ! COMRADES HAD TOO MU* REAL WORK ON H& TO BO!R AB\T P]SONALITIES1 EXPRESS+ ! OP9ION ?AT IF A CONF]5CE WAS CALL$ NOBODY W\LD ATT5D4 ,SO IT IS \T ( MY H&S & Y\R LIB]TY ( ACTION REMA9S UNFETT]$4.<#c#g.> 

,AS A RESULT ,NICOLL RETURN$ TO ! SUBJECT 9 ! FOLL[+ ISSUE ( ! ,AN>*I/4 ,HE ADD$ ONE OR TWO PO9TS ( 9T]E/4 ,FIR/LY1 HE ALLEGES ?AT ,SAMUELS HAD BE5 9 REGUL> CORRESPOND5CE ) ! ',SECRET ,POLICE ,AG5T' 7:I* IS H[ ,C\LON WAS DESCRIB$ 9 A NEWSPAP] >TICLE7 = F\R MON?S4 ,( C\RSE1 HE SAYS1 ?IS C\LD BE QUITE 9NOC5T3 0,SOME PEOPLE IF CAU<T 9 ! ACT ( TAK+ MONEY FROM DETECTIVES W\LD NO D\BT PLEAD ?AT !Y DID IT '= ! GOOD ( ! CAUSE' & P]HAPS SOME PEOPLE MI<T BELIEVE !M40.<#c#h.> ,HE !N GOES ON TO ASK :Y AN 9NOC5T MAN W\LD1 H[EV]1 DO HIS BE/ 0TO DODGE & EVADE ALL 9QUIRY80 

,?IS >TICLE DREW A %>P RESPONSE FROM ,JOHN ,TURN]4 ,9 A LETT] DAT$ #b#i? ,AUGU/ HE WROTE3 

,I NEV] READ ANY?+ MORE /UPID 9 MY LIFE4 444 ,IS IT Y\R [N FEV]$ IMAG9ATION1 FANN$ BY A FEEL+ ( SPITE = ! UNFAIR WAY ,H4 ,SAMUELS TREAT$ Y\ RE $IT+ ! PAP]8 ,IF SO Y\ >E LOS+ ! CONFID5CE ( ! ,LONDON COMRADES -- NOT 9 Y\R 9TEGRITY BUT 9 Y\R COMMON S5SE4 444 ,IF IT W]E NOT = ! ANNOYANCE IT CAUSES1 BY ! ,S4,D4,F4 US+ IT AT \TDOOR MEET+S TO PROVE :AT !Y >E ALWAYS SAY+3 ,?AT ! ,AN>*I/S >E EI!R FOOLS OR POLICE SPIES1 Y\ W\LD1 BE M]ELY LAU<$ AT BY ?OSE ?AT KN[4 444 ,! ,COMMONWEAL ,GR\P HAS MADE ALL ! 9QUIRY IT DEEMS FIT4 444 ,! CONCLUSION ! GR\P CAME TO WAS ?AT !RE W]E SUSPICI\S ELEM5TS 9 ! CASE2 CIRCUM/ANCES CONNECT$1 ) SOME ACTIONS ( ,SAMUELS :I* PREV5T$ ABSOLUTE CONFID5CE 9 HIS CONDUCT4 ,! QUE/ION ( GETT+ UP DYNAMITE PLOTS HAS NOT BE5 RAIS$ H]E4 444 ,Y\ >E ACT+ AGA9/ Y\R [N 9T]E/S1 AS Y\R 'SPY MANIA' AS IT IS CALL$ H]E1 BE+ REFLECT$ 9 Y\R PAP] PREV5TS COMRADES PU%+ Y\R PAP] AS !Y W\LD4 ,HE -- ,SAMUELS -- IS NOT ?\<T TO BE A POLICE SPY1 BUT IT IS ?\<T HE IS NOT ABOVE MAK+ A BIT BY J\RNALISM4.<#c#i.> 

,?IS IS QUITE A CONTRA/ TO HIS E>LI] MILD /ATEM5T ?AT ,NICOLL'S FACTS ON ,SAMUELS W]E 0A BIT \T40 ,IT IS PROBABLE ?AT ,MAC,DONALD HAD BE5 DO+ SOME LOBBY+ -- HE & ,TURN] W]E CO-MEMB]S ( ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P4 ,! QUE/ION ( ,NICOLL'S 'SPY MANIA' MI<T WELL HAVE BE5 RAIS$ BY ,MAC,DONALD1 S9CE AT A LAT] /ORMY *ANCE MEET+ BETWE5 ,NICOLL & ,SAMUELS 9 #a#h#i#f1 ,SAMUELS SAID1 0,I C\LD PUT Y\ AWAY IF ,I LIK$4 ,MAC,DONALD SAYS Y\ >E 9SANE60.<#c#a.> ,C]TA9LY ,NICOLL'S REASONABLE REQUE/ = AN IMP>TIAL COMMITTEE ( 9QUIRY WAS BE+ EVAD$ BY REF]5CES TO P]SONAL SPITE1 PUBLIC DIFFICULTIES ) ! ,S4,D4,F4 & VEIL$ H9TS ?AT ! ,LONDON DI/RIBUTION ( ! ,AN>*I/ W\LD LACK EFFICI5CY IF EMB>RASS+ >TICLES CONT9U$4 ,IF !RE W]E 0SUSPICI\S ELEM5TS 9 ! CASE0 !Y AM\NT$ TO RA!R MORE ?AN 0MAK+ A BIT BY J\RNALISM40 ,! V]Y VAGU5ESS ( ,TURN]'S PHRASES 5C\RAGES SPECULATION4 ,SAMUELS QUICKLY DISAPPE>$ FROM ! MOVEM5T )\T MU* EF=T TO CLE> HIMSELF4 ,?\< ! ,LE$S GR\P (F]$ TO PAY HIS F>E1 ,SAMUELS DID NOT ATT5D ! NOR!RN GR\PS' ANNUAL AN>*I/ PICNIC 9 ! ,PEAK ,DI/RICT 9 ,AUGU/ #a#h#i#d1 :]E HE & ,NICOLL C\LD HAVE ?RA%$ ! MATT] \T 9 FRONT ( AN IMP>TIAL AN>*I/ AUDI5CE4 ,AN APPE>ANCE AT AN OP5-AIR MEET+ BY ,SAMUELS = ! ,CANN+ ,T[N GR\P ON #e? ,AUGU/ IS ! LA/ M5TION ( ANY ACTIVITY CONNECT$ ) ! AN>*I/S4 ,NEV]!LESS ,TURN]'S LETT] DID HAVE ! IMM$IATE EFFECT ( /OPP+ ,NICOLL RAIS+ ! MATT] 9 PR9T = ?REE YE>S4 ,! DISPUTES SURR\ND+ !SE LAT] WRIT+S >E CONSID]$ 9 A LAT] *APT]4 

,IT IS WOR? CONSID]+1 H[EV]1 JU/ :AT EVID5CE !RE WAS ?AT ,SAMUELS WAS A POLICE SPY4 ,DESPITE ! 9T]E/+ ANALOGIES ,NICOLL WAS TO LAT] PO9T \T1 ! EVID5CE WAS CIRCUM/ANTIAL & BOIL$ D[N TO TWO PO9TS4 ,ONE WAS ,SAMUELS'S *>M$ LIFE ?R\< HIS NOISY $ITOR%IP ( ! ,COMMONWEAL & HIS KN[N RELATION%IP ) ,B\RD94 ,! SECOND WAS ! DI/RIBUTION ( '/UFF' TO SEV]AL PEOPLE & A POLICE RAID ON ONE ( !M %ORTLY AFT]W>DS4 ,!RE IS NO D\BT ?AT ,SAMUELS KNEW H[ TO MAKE BOMBS2 9 ALL PROBABILITY WAS 9VOLV$ 9 ! MAK+ ( ,B\RD9'S BOMB2 & ?AT HE URG$ O!RS TO MAKE & USE BOMBS4 ,BUT ! FACT ?AT HE WAS NOT >RE/$ BY NO MEANS PROVES ?AT HE HAD POLICE PROTECTION4 ,SAMUELS'S '9CITEM5TS TO MURD]' W]E G5]AL BLOOD?IR/Y FULM9ATIONS :I* MI<T HAVE L&$ HIM 9 ! SAME SITUATION AS1 SAY1 ,QU9N1 IF HE HAD NOT PRES]V$ A RA!R L[ PR(ILE 9 OP5-AIR APPE>ANCES4 ,UNLIKE ,NICOLL1 ,SAMUELS HAD NOT '9CIT$ TO MURD]' SPECIFIC PEOPLE & WAS NOT TRUMPET+ HIS 9T5TION TO PUBLI% MAT]IAL DAMAG+ TO ! POLICE4 ,! DI/RIBUTION ( SULFURIC ACID & A POLICE RAID %ORTLY AFT]W>DS >E NOT NECESS>ILY CONNECT$4 ,NICOLL HIMSELF SAYS ?AT !RE HAD ALREADY BE5 A NUMB] ( RAIDS AT ! SAME PREMISES1 & ?IS C\LD HAVE BE5 M]ELY ! LATE/ 9 ! S]IES4 ,SAMUELS'S RELATION%IP ) ,C\LON REMA9S UNEXPLA9$ & SUSPICI\S4 ,ALL ?IS C\LD AM\NT TO LITTLE MORE ?AN ! FACT ?AT ,SAMUELS WAS A RECKLESS AFICIONADO ( PROPAG&A BY DE$ :O COMB9$ A C]TA9 SELF-PRES]VATIVE CAUTION ) A USEFUL PORTION ( LUCK4 ,YET IT %\LD BE PO9T$ \T ?AT IT WAS L>GELY =TUIT\S ?AT ,C\LON'S ROLE 9 ! ,WALSALL AFFAIR BECAME ANY?+ MORE ?AN A MATT] ( SPECULATION4 ,ONLY ! OP5+ ( ! POLICE FILES CAN F9ALLY DECIDE ! MATT]4 

,IT WAS #b#e? ,AUGU/ BE=E ! NEXT ISSUE ( ! ,COMMONWEAL APPE>$4 ,IT WAS F\R PAGES ONLY & APPEAL$ MORE /RONGLY ?AN USUAL = FUNDS4 ,9 !IR SE>* ( ! ,COMMONWEAL (FICE ! POLICE HAD F\ND DOCUM5TS :I* %[$ ! F9ANCES ( ! PAP] TO BE 9 A P>L\S /ATE & HAD ANN\NC$ AS MU* AT ! TRIAL ( ,CANTWELL & ,QU9N4 ,IT WAS RA!R AN UNCONV9C+ PIECE ( RHETORIC ON ! P>T ( ,]NE/ ,Y\NG 7:O CO-$IT$ ! PAP] ) ,JOHN ,TURN]7 :I* ASS]T$ 9 ! FACE ( ! EVID5CE 9 ?IS ISSUE ?AT 0! 'LA/ LEGS' >E ( A RA!R T\< DESCRIPTION & BE=E V]Y LONG BO? ! ,WEAL & ! ,TOR* WILL APPE> WEEKLY 4440 ,ONLY TWO MORE ISSUES W]E TO APPE> -- ONE 9 ,SEPTEMB] & ONE 9 ,OCTOB] #a#h#i#d4 ,BY ! ,SEPTEMB] ISSUE MORALE HAD DROPP$ P]CEPTIBLY3 0,WE HOPE ALL COMRADES WILL HELP US 9 \R PRES5T CONDITION4 ,NEW COMRADES >E COM+ TO \R SIDE & HELP+ ALL !Y CAN2 BUT OLD COMRADES MU/ NOT GET DI%E>T5$ BECAUSE WE >E IMPOV]I%$ BY ! P]SECUTIONS4 ,\R POV]TY KEEPS US HONE/ 4440 ,IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT MONEY WAS NO LONG] =?COM+ FROM ,MAC,DONALD AFT] ,SAMUELS'S DEP>TURE & NO O!R S\RCE ( PATRONAGE HAD BE5 F\ND4 ,! ,OCTOB] ISSUE DEM&$1 0,IS ! ,COMMONWEAL TO CONT9UE8 ,IF SO WE MU/ HAVE MONEY AT ONCE40 ,9 ?IS LA/ ISSUE !RE WAS A /ORY AB\T ,F4 ,G\LD+ ( ,/RAT=D ,EA/1 :O HAD REFUS$ TO S5D HIS *ILD TO BO>D S*OOL ON ! GR\NDS ?AT 0HE KN[S :AT $UCATION HE WANTS HIS *ILDR5 TO HAVE40 ,! *ILD WAS S5T TO TRUANT S*OOL = ?REE MON?S4 ,!RE WAS BITT] 9FI<T+ 9 ,BURNLEY BETWE5 ! AN>*I/S & ! ,S4,D4,F4 -- ,BILLY ,MAC,QUE5 WAS PROV+ A LITTLE TOO SUCCESSFUL 9 HIS ORATORY 9 ?AT M>KET SQU>E = ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATS' TA/E4 

,T$ ,LEGGATT1 :O HAD BE5 BLACKLI/$ BY ! :>F+]S ( ,EA/ ,LONDON = HIS ,C>M5'S ,UNION ACTIVITIES & HIS AN>*I/ OP9IONS1 HAD BE5 ABLE TO F9D NO WORK = T5 WEEKS & WAS 9 GREAT DI/RESS4 ,T5 OP5-AIR SPEAK+ PIT*ES W]E ADV]TIS$ = ,SUNDAY MEET+S 9 ,LONDON4 ,! MOVEM5T CONT9U$1 BUT ! ,COMMONWEAL WAS DEAD4 

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