,*APT] #e 
,AN>*ISM ,DEVELOPS 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CON/ANCE ,BANTMAN 

,AU?OR 3 ,JOHN ,QUAIL 

,AU?OR 3 ,NICK ,HEA? 

,TEXT 3 

,*APT] #e4 ,A,N,>,*,I,S,M ,D,E,V,E,L,O,P,S ,9 ,! ,S,O,C,I,A,L,I,/ ,L,E,A,G,U,E 

,= ALL ITS HOPEFUL BEG9N+S !RE WAS A BUILT-9 TIME BOMB 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,! GR\P ( PEOPLE ?AT HAD SEC$$ FROM ! ,S4,D4,F4 HAD DONE SO = DIFF]5T REASONS1 SOME BECAUSE ( HO/ILITY TO ,HYNDMAN1 O!RS BECAUSE ( HO/ILITY TO ,HYNDMAN & HIS POLITICS4 ,!RE W]E CONT9UAL ATTEMPTS BY ! GR\P ?AT 9ITIALLY C5T]$ ON ! ,AVEL+S TO TURN ! ,LEAGUE 9TO AN ELECTORAL P>TY4 ,AT FIR/ !SE ATTEMPTS TOOK NO GREAT P>T ( ! ,LEAGUE'S TIME OR ATT5TION4 ,! FIR/ PROPOSALS ?AT ! ,LEAGUE %\LD /RIVE 0TO CONQU] POLITICAL P[] BY PROMOT+ ! ELECTION ( ,SOCIALI/S0 W]E REJECT$ AT ! ANNUAL CONF]5CE 9 ,JUNE #a#h#h#e4.<#a#e.> ,ANO!R ATTEMPT WAS MADE ! FOLL[+ YE> & WAS AGA9 DEFEAT$4 ,MORRIS WROTE3 0! ALT]]S W]E DEFEAT$ & BORE !IR DEFEAT ) GOOD TEMP]40.<#a#f.> ,FROM ?IS PO9T ON ?+S BEGAN TO DET]IORATE4 ,9 ,SEPTEMB] #ahhf ,LANE WAS PUTT+ A MOTION TO ! ,LEAGUE ,C\NCIL :I* ASS]T$ ?AT 0SOME SPEAK]S ( ! ,LEAGUE >E 9 ! HABIT ( ADVOCAT+ ,P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION & PALLIATIVES ( ! PRES5T SY/EM AS A MEANS ( BR++ AB\T SOCIALISM4 ,! C\NCIL BELIEVES ?AT ?IS IS OPPOS$ TO ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,LEAGUE & TO ! WI%ES ( A L>GE MAJORITY ( ! MEMB]S .<&.> REQUE/S ?OSE SPEAK]S TO DESI/ FROM ADVOCAT+ ?IS MEANS ( PROPAG&A40.<#a#g.> ,BY ! SUMM] ( #ahhg ,MORRIS WAS WRIT+ ?AT3 0,I AM TRY+ TO GET ! ,LEAGUE TO MAKE PEACE ) EA* O!R & HOLD TOGE!R = ANO!R YE>4 ,IT IS A T\< JOB2 SOME?+ LIKE ! WOR/ K9D ( PIG-DRIV+ ,I %\LD ?9K40.<#a#h.> 

,9 TWO YE>S !N1 ! 9N] CIRCLES ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE HAD BE5 TRANS=M$ FROM EXAMPLES ( H>MONI\S 'AGREE+ TO DIFF]' TO A QU>RELSOME BATTLEGR\ND4 ,)\T D\BT ! DISPUTES W]E OV] ELECTORAL 9VOLVEM5T1 ?\< ! C\RSE ( ! >GUM5T IS NOT TOTALLY CLE>4 ,BY #a#h#h#f1 H[EV]1 ! P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION W]E US+ ! OPPORTUNITY PROVID$ BY ! BRAN* /RUCTURE & NAME ( ! ,LEAGUE TO ADVOCATE !IR POLICY4 ,NATURALLY 5\<1 ?IS C\LD BE EXPECT$ TO ANNOY ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IANS 9 ! ORGANIZATION4 ,BUT :]EAS AT ! BASE ?IS ADVOCACY C\LD BE SE5 AS ! OCCASIONAL EXPRESSION ( 'P]SONAL OP9ION'1 9 ! C\NCIL & ITS COMMITTEE IT WAS MORE CLE>LY P]CEIV$ AS ! DELIB]ATE POLICY ( A FACTION4 ,! CONFLICT BEGAN TO EXPLODE ) MONOTON\S REGUL>ITY4 ,ON ONE LEVEL ?IS TOOK ! =M ( A P[] /RUGGLE -- :I* ! P>LIAM5T>IANS EQUALLY MONOTON\SLY WON4 ,AVEL+ RESIGN$ AS CO$ITOR ( ! ,COMMONWEAL 9 E>LY #a#h#h#f1 PRESUMABLY = DOCTR9AL REASONS4 7,HE WAS 5C\RAG$ 9 ?IS BY ,ELEANOR ,M>X & ,5GELS -- ! LATT] AFT] A BRIEF HONEYMOON P]IOD WAS N[ CALL+ ! ,LEAGUE & ITS PAP] A 0SW9DLE40.<#a#i.>7 ,BAX1 :O SUCCE$$ ,AVEL+1 ALSO 'RESIGN$' 9 E>LY #ahhg :5 HE TOO BEGAN TO HANK] AFT] 9VOLVEM5T 9 ELECTIONS4 ,ATTEMPTS W]E MADE TO DISSOLVE ! ,WAYS & ,MEANS ,COMMITTEE :I* WAS1 9 EFFECT1 ! REAL EXECUTIVE ( ! ,LEAGUE4.<#a#a.> ,?IS WAS ALWAYS DOM9AT$ BY ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IANS & WAS BITT]LY REG>D$ BY !IR OPPON5TS1 P>TICUL>LY BECAUSE IT H&L$ ! 9=MATION ?AT W5T TO BRAN*ES FROM ! C\NCIL4 

,IT IS SIGNIFICANT ?AT ! MOTION TO DISSOLVE IT CAME FROM ITS ONE P>LIAM5T>IAN MEMB] :O WAS 9 A POSITION TO KN[ ITS ACTIVITIES4 ,?IS P[] /RUGGLE EM]G$ 9TO FULL VIEW AT ! #ahhg & #ahhh CONF]5CES1 ?\< IT REMA9$ MORE OR LESS RE/RICT$ TO ! C\NCIL BE=E !N4 

,ON ANO!R LEVEL ! DISPUTE WAS AN IDEOLOGICAL ONE -- OR RA!R ONE FROM :I* IDEOLOGY DEVELOP$4 ,ALL ! SEC$]S FROM ! ,S4,D4,F4 HAD BE5 OPPOS$ TO ANY %ODDY ALLIANCES ) ! ,RADICALS & RELAT$ K9DS ( ELECTORAL JIGG]Y-POK]Y4 ,!IR SUSPICIONS ( ,HYNDMAN'S OPPORTUNISM SEEM$ AMPLY JU/IFI$ BY HIS ORGANIZATION'S DISA/R\S 9VOLVEM5T ) ! #ahhe G5]AL ELECTION4 ,YET ! GR\P R\ND ! ,AVEL+S HAD A G5]AL COMMITM5T FROM ! BEG9N+ TO A SOCIALISM ON ! ,G]MAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRAT MODEL1 & F\ND A NATURAL SYMPA?Y ) ?OSE :O CALL$ = AN 9DEP5D5T POLITICAL P>TY ( LABOR4 ,! ACTIVI/S ( ! ,L4,E4,L4 & ! ,5GLI% ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIETY1 ON ! O!R H&1 HAD BE5 US$ TO AN ISSUE-BAS$ PROPAG&A & HAD AN ULTIMATE COMMITM5T TO MASS REVOLUTION>Y ACTION4 ,! GR\P R\ND ,MORRIS WAS CONC]N$ TO 'MAKE SOCIALI/S' BY AN $UCATIONAL PROPAG&A )\T 9TRIGUE OR COMPROMISE ) DAY-TO-DAY EXIG5CIES4 ,= ! TIME BE+ ! LATT] TWO GR\PS C\LD WORK WELL 5\< TOGE!R & C\LD NOT BE EXPECT$ TO DO O!R ?AN OPPOSE ANY SPECIFIC PROPOSALS = ELECTORAL ACTIVITY4 ,= ,MORRIS ! ISSUE WAS CLE>2 ! ONLY TIME ?AT SOCIALI/S %\LD 5DEAVOR TO 5T] ,P>LIAM5T WAS :5 IT WAS TIME TO BREAK IT UP & 9 ! MEANTIME $UCATION WAS ! ONLY WOR?:ILE ACTIVITY4.<#a#a#a.> ,= ,KITZ1 ,LANE1 ,M[BRAY & ,MA9W>+ & !IR GR\P ! SITUATION WAS SOME:AT DIFF]5T4 ,!Y W]E ACTIVI/S RA!R ?AN $UCATORS4 ,!IR JOY AT EV]Y MANIFE/ATION ( WORK+-CLASS REBELLION & !IR EXP]I5CE ( V>I\S AGITATIONS LEFT !M HAZY :5 IT CAME TO A =MULATION ( A UNIFI$ !ORY & /RATEGY4 ,CONFRONT$ ) A BODY ( PEOPLE LIKE ! P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION :O DID HAVE A COH]5T RE=MI/ /RATEGY !Y W]E =C$ TO DEVELOP OR ACCEPT IDEAS :I* C\LD PROVIDE !M ) A MORE G5]AL SC5>IO4 ,!SE IDEAS W]E PROGRESSIVELY AN>*I/4 

,:5 ,5GELS WROTE 9 #ahhf 0! AN>*I/S >E MAK+ RAPID PROGRESS 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE10 :E!R HE KNEW IT OR NOT HE WAS NOT TALK+ AB\T ANY COH]5T AN>*I/ FACTION BUT ( A FACTION TRY+ TO A*IEVE COH]5CE ?R\< A SELF-DEVELOP$ AN>*ISM4 ,! ONLY COMMITT$ AN>*I/S 9 ! ORGANIZATION W]E EXILES LIKE ,DAVE4 ,?AT ! PROCESS ( SELF-$UCATION WAS MESSY !RE WAS NO D\BT4 ,A TRADES UNION MEMB] RESIGN$ FROM ! C\NCIL 9 #ahhf BECAUSE ( ITS 9CONCLUSIVE WRANGL+S 7?\< IT IS WOR? PO9T+ \T ?AT HE WAS ALSO A P>LIAM5T>IAN74 ,HE WROTE3 0,I E>NE/LY HOPE ! ,LEAGUE IS NOT GO+ TO DEG5]ATE 9TO A M]E ,QUIXOTIC DEBAT+ SOCIETY = ! DISCUSSION ( PHILOSOPHIC FADS4 ,I C>E NOT H[ ANGELIC MAY BE ! !ORIES ( ,AN>*I/S OR ,AN>*I/-,COMMUNI/S4 ,I CONT5D ?AT ! REAL SOLID BASIS ( ! ,REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T IS ! ECONOMIC QUE/ION40.<#a#a#b.> ,! IRRITATION ( ?IS CORRESPOND5T SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 A FEATURE ( ,C\NCIL PROCE$+S G5]ALLY4 ,! G5]AL WRANGL+S W]E BO? RES5T$ & FELT TO BE 9EVITABLE4 ,! ,L4,E4,L4 ACTIVI/S = EXAMPLE W]E EVID5TLY FURI\S ?AT SO MU* TIME HAD TO BE SP5T ON !M YET FELT ?AT !Y HAD TO CONT9UE TO DEF5D ! ORIG9AL PR9CIPLES ( ! ,LEAGUE & DEVELOP ! POLEMIC OR GIVE UP ! ,LEAGUE TO ! P>LIAM5T>IANS4 ,LANE1 P>TICUL>LY1 WAS IRRITAT$ 9 ! EXTREME ?AT HE C\LD SP5D SO LITTLE TIME ON ORGANIZATION 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D4 

,MEAN:ILE ! BRAN*ES W]E C>RY+ ON 9 !IR [N WAY & :]E ABLE PEOPLE W]E 9VOLV$ !Y W]E DO+ GOOD WORK4 ,!Y W]E BE+ LET D[N BY ! C\NCIL :I* C\LD HAVE PROVID$ A =UM = CREATIVE ?9K+ BUT :I* WAS LOCK$ 9 9CREAS+LY BITT] /RIFE4 ,IT WAS 9EVITABLE ?AT ?IS W\LD SPILL \T 9TO ! ,LEAGUE AS A :OLE4 ,AS ! #ahhg CONF]5CE APPROA*$ ,LANE CIRCULAT$ A LEAFLET TO ! MEMB]%IP :I* ILLU/RATES SOME?+ ( :AT WAS GO+ ON4 ,IT ALSO FIR$ ! FIR/ %OTS 9 ! N[ PUBLIC BATTLE4 ,HE WROTE3 

,COMRADES1 ,DIRECTLY AFT] \R LA/ CONF]5CE :I* 5DORS$ ! POLICY C>RI$ \T BY ! ,LEAGUE HI!RTO1 TWO SEP>ATE P>TIES W]E =M$ ON ! ,C\NCIL1 CAUS$ BY ! FACT ?AT AS E>LY AS ,JULY MEMB]S ON & (F ! ,C\NCIL W]E PUBLICLY URG+ ! ,LEAGUE 9TO A P>LIAM5T>Y C\RSE ( ACTION2 ! O!R P>TY WI%$ TO MA9TA9 ! ,LEAGUE AS AN $UCATIONAL P>TY ( PR9CIPLE4 

,AS AN ATTEMPT TO MAKE AN UND]/&+ POSSIBLE IT WAS DECID$ TO DRAFT A POLICY AGREEABLE TO BO? SIDES & A COMMITTEE WAS =M$ ) ,MAHON & ,LANE = ! 'PR9CIPL$ SIDE'1 ,BAX & ,B9N+ = ! P>LIAM5T>IANS4 ,AGREEM5T WAS COMPLETE EXCEPT = ! QUE/ION ( AN ,EI<T ,H\R ,LABOR ,BILL & P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION4 ,MAHON TOLD ,BAX & ,B9N+ ?AT IF ?IS WAS :AT !Y WANT$ !Y %\LD JO9 ! ,S4,D4,F4 ,H[EV]3 

,AT ! NEXT MEET+ ,MAHON VOLUNTE]$ TO DRAW UP A POLICY TO SUBMIT TO ! COMMITTEE4 ,AT ?IS MEET+1 ( :I* ,I HAD NO NOTICE1 ,MAHON PRES5T$ HIS DRAFT1 ! O!R TWO F9D+ IT A P>LIAM5T>Y POLICY & NO?+ MORE1 ACCEPT$ IT ) PLEASURE1 ?REW OV] ALL PREVI\S >RANGEM5TS & PRES5T$ IT TO ! ,C\NCIL AS ! REPORT ( ! COMMITTEE4 ,ON HE>+ IT READ TO ! ,C\NCIL ,I DISAGRE$ ) IT & CLAIM$ MY RI<T TO PUT IT 9 A M9ORITY REPORT4 ,MAHON HAS S9CE REGA9$ POSSESSION ( ! MAJORITY REPORT & DECL9ES TO GIVE IT UP OR BR+ IT BE=E ! ,C\NCIL EXCEPT 9 ! WAY ( RESOLUTIONS FROM ! ,CROYDON BRAN*4 ,?IS ,I WAS NOT AW>E ( UNTIL A WEEK AFT] ! TIME = S5D+ 9 NOTICES ( MOTION = ! AG5DA PAP]4 ,I HAVE TO ! BE/ ( MY ABILITY C>RI$ \T ! 9/RUCTIONS ( ! ,C\NCIL 9 DRAW+ UP A REPORT4 ,! ,C\NCIL HAV+ DECL9$ TO S5D ! M9ORITY REPORT TO ! BRAN*ES1 ! MAJORITY REPORT HAV+ GONE R\ND ON LEGS1 ,I N[ FUR!R C>RY \T ! 9/RUCTIONS ( ! ,C\NCIL 9 SUBMITT+ IT TO ! ,BRAN*ES4.<#a#a#c.> 

,LANE'S M9ORITY REPORT WAS HIS ,ANTI-,/ATI/ ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O :I* CAN FAIRLY BE CLAIM$ AS ! FIR/ ,5GLI% AN>*I/ HOMEGR[N PRON\NCEM5T4 ,LIKE MO/ PIONE]S ,LANE DID NOT WRITE A MA/]PIECE4 ,HE PAID A DISPROPORTIONATE AM\NT ( ATT5TION TO ! RELIGI\S QUE/ION -- ?\< ?IS SECTION IS 9T]E/+ = ITS E*OES ( ,BAKUN9'S ',GOD & ! ,/ATE'4 ,HE %>$ ,MORRIS'S REJECTION ( PALLIATIVE MEASURES 9 ,P>LIAM5T OR ?R\< TRADES UNIONS4 ,YET HIS IDEAS >E DI/+UI%ABLE FROM ,MORRIS'S 9 TWO >EAS4 ,:]E ,MORRIS EMPHASIZ$ ! NECESSITY TO MAKE SOCIALI/S1 ,LANE EMPHASIZ$ ! NECESSITY TO MAKE REVOLUTION4 ,LANE CLE>LY CALL$ = MASS VIOL5T ACTION :]EAS ON ! OCCASION ( ! ,WE/ ,5D ,RIOT ,MORRIS HAD CLE>LY BE5 DUBI\S AB\T A POLICY ( RIOT4 ,A SECOND DI/9CTION BETWE5 ,LANE & ,MORRIS WAS ,LANE'S FIRM OPPOSITION TO ! /ATE AS AN 5TITY3 0,WE AIM10 HE SAID1 0AT ! ABOLITION ( ! ,/ATE 9 EV]Y =M & V>IETY40 ,LANE EXPECT$ NO?+ BUT TYRANNY FROM ANY /ATE MA*9E4 ,MORRIS ON ! O!R H& WAS LESS EMPHATIC4 ,= EXAMPLE1 WE F9D ,MORRIS WRIT+ 9 #a#h#h#h3 0,EV5 ! CRUDE/ =M ( ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM 7:I* ,I DO NOT AGREE TO7 W\LD HAVE ?IS ADVANTAGE OV] ! 9DIVIDUAL [N]%IP ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION1 ?AT :]EAS ! ,/ATE MI<T ABUSE ITS [N]%IP1 ! 9DIVIDUAL [N]%IP MU/ DO SO 4440 ,?US :5 ,MORRIS & ,LANE BO? EMPHASIZ$ $UCATION AS ! PROP] MEANS = A*IEV+ !IR /AT$ AIMS !Y W]E TALK+ ( $UCATION 9 DIFF]5T CONTEXTS4 

,LANE SUBMITT$ HIS ,ANTI-,/ATI/ ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O TO ! #ahhg CONF]5CE AS A RE/ATEM5T ( ,LEAGUE POLICY AFT] ! ,CROYDON BRAN* CALL$ = ELECTORAL ACTIVITY BY ! ,LEAGUE4 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS WAS ! PROPOS] ( A MOTION FROM ,HAMM]SMI? :I* WANT$ ! ,LEAGUE TO PO/PONE ANY DISCUSSION ( ! P>LIAM5T>Y QUE/ION = A YE>4 ,MORRIS WAS OBVI\SLY TRY+ TO RECONCILE ! TWO EXTREME W+S BUT AT ! #b#i? ,MAY CONF]5CE IT RAPIDLY BECAME APP>5T ?AT RECONCILIATION WAS NOT POSSIBLE -- AT LEA/ NOT AT ! LEVEL ( RE/RA9T ?AT ,MORRIS WAS PROPOS+4 ,LANE1 IT W\LD APPE>1 WAS /RESS+ ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y POSITION TO BR+ MATT]S TO A HEAD4 ,URG+ ?AT ,MORRIS'S 'PEACEMAK+ MOTION' BE )DRAWN1 HE SAID1 0,MEMB]S FROM ! C\NTRY DO NOT KN[ ! BITT]NESS1 JEAL\SY1 ETC41 %[N 9 ?IS MATT]4 ,! MATT] HAS LA/$ SOME TIME 9 ,C\NCIL4 ,DELEGATES \<T TO SETTLE ONE WAY OR ANO!R40.<#a#a#d.> ,LANE W\LD PROBABLY HAVE BE5 QUITE PREP>$ TO EXPEL EV]Y 'POLITICIAN' 9 ! ORGANIZATION4 ,! FEEL+ ( ! CONF]5CE WAS NOT ) HIM H[EV] & HIS ,MANIFE/O WAS NOT ACCEPT$ AS ! POLICY ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 NEI!R WAS ! CONF]5CE PREP>$ TO SUSP5D ! ISSUE1 & ,MORRIS )DREW HIS MOTION4 ,F9ALLY ! CONF]5CE VOT$ TO ACCEPT ,MORRIS'S AM5DM5T TO ! ,CROYDON BRAN* MOTION4 ,?IS SIMPLY ASS]T$ ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,LEAGUE AS LAID D[N 9 ! ,MANIFE/O ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,= ALL ! FACT ?AT ?IS REASS]T$ ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IAN POSITION IT DID NOT F9I% ! MATT] BY ANY MEANS4 ,! 'POLITICAL' FACTION %[$ NO READ9ESS TO LEAVE ! ,LEAGUE OR TO MOD]ATE ITS /ANCE4 ,!Y SIMULTANE\SLY LEFT ! BULK ( ! WORK ( RUNN+ ! ,LEAGUE TO ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IANS & MADE ?AT WORK D\BLY DIFFICULT BY SY/EMATICALLY UND]M9+ ! AGRE$ POLICY ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ! BAD TEMP] :I* BUR/ =? EV]Y N[ & AGA9 AT ! CONF]5CE %[$ ?AT ! 0BITT]NESS1 JEAL\SY1 ETC40 HAD BE5 DEEP5$ RA!R ?AN DISP]S$ BY ITS AIR+4 ,) ! B5EFIT ( H9DSI<T IT IS POSSIBLE TO SAY ?AT IT MI<T HAVE BE5 BETT] = ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE IF ! MATT] HAD BE5 PU%$ TO A F9AL CONCLUSION4 ,UNCOM=TABLE IT MI<T HAVE BE5 BUT AT LEA/ IT W\LD HAVE BE5 %ORT & %>P 9/EAD ( 5C\RAG+ ! ULC]\S P]SI/5CE ( ! DISPUTE ?R\< ! FOLL[+ YE>4 ,?\< ! EV5TS ( #ahhg MI<T SEEM TO OBSCURE ! DIFFICULTIES )9 ! ORGANIZATION1 ! #ahhh CONF]5CE WAS TO %[ ?AT ! RIVAL FACTIONS W]E GR[+ YET MORE IRRECONCILABLE4 ,= ! RIS+ SOCIAL T5SIONS ( #ahhg W]E TO ?R[ 9TO %>P RELIEF ! *OICES OP5 TO ! SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T4 ,AS BO? REVOLUTION & ELECTORAL GA9S APPE>$ MORE POSSIBLE !IR P>TIZANS BECAME MORE 9TRANSIG5T4 

,= BY #ahhg WORK+-CLASS DISCONT5T WAS GR[+4 ,9 ! TRADES UNIONS A %>P]1 MORE MILITANT NOTE WAS BE+ /RUCK4 ,AT ! ,T4,U4,C4 CONF]5CE1 ! Y\NG ,KEIR ,H>DIE CLA%$ ) ! ,LIB]AL'S LAPDOG1 ,BROADHUR/4 ,A DET]M9$ ATTEMPT TO GET AN ,EI<T ,H\R CAMPAIGN UND] WAY 9 ! ,5G9E]+ ,UNION & ! ,T4,U4,C4 WAS MADE4 ,JOHN ,BURNS & ,TOM ,MANN W]E ACTIVE 9 ?IS LATT] CAMPAIGN4 ,NEW ORGANIZATIONS 9 ! PROV9CES1 ! ,LABOR ,F$]ATION ON ,TYNESIDE & ! ,KNI<TS ( ,LABOR 9 ! ,MIDL&S1 PROV$ SURPRIS+LY EFFECTIVE & GREW RAPIDLY4 ,NEW ORGANIZATIONAL ATTEMPTS ALSO MET ) SOME SUCCESS AMONG ! SEAM54 ,?IS NEW MILITANCY WAS BO? SPREAD BY SOCIALI/S & PROV$ RESPONSIVE TO !M4 

,IT WAS A P]IOD ( HI< UNEMPLOYM5T1 & ! MOOD ( ! UNEMPLOY$ WAS RE/IVE4 ,! LESSON ( ! ,WE/ ,5D ,RIOT W]E CLE> 5\< -- TR\BLE MEANT ATT5TION & ATT5TION MEANT AID4 ,BUT ! AU?ORITIES HAD BE5 AL>M$ & W]E TAK+ /EPS TO MAKE SURE NO?+ LIKE IT HAPP5$ AGA94 ,SIR ,*>LES ,W>R5 WAS APPO9T$ TO REORGANIZE ! POLICE 9 ,LONDON & WAS BE+ 5C\RAG$ TO KEEP ! /REETS CLE> ( 'LOAF]S' & O!R MEMB]S ( ! DANG]\S CLASSES BY ! ,TORY GOV]NM5T & PRESS4 ,AS IF TO UND]L9E ! FE>S ( ! AU?ORITIES & ! RESPECTABLE CLASSES1 ON ,FRIDAY #a#d? ,JANU>Y ! UNEMPLOY$ RIOT$ AT ,NORWI*4 ,! RIOT BROKE \T AFT] ! UNEMPLOY$ HAD M>*$ FROM A MEET+ ADDRESS$ BY ,M[BRAY & ,H5D]SON ( ! LOCAL ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE BRAN* TO ! ,GUILDHALL TO DEM& HELP4 ,H]E 0! 9SULT+ TONE ( ! ,MAYOR1 ! UNCONCEAL$ CONTEMPT = !IR FELL[S ON ! P>T ( ! C\NCILORS & ALD]M5 444 ANG]$ ! CR[D & !Y BROKE AWAY40.<#a#a#e.> ,! MANSIONS ( ! WEAL?Y HAD !IR W9D[S SMA%$ & %OPS 9 ! C5T] ( ,NORWI* W]E LOOT$4 ,M[BRAY & ,H5D]SON W]E >RE/$ & S5T5C$ TO N9E & F\R MON?S RESPECTIVELY = !IR P>T 9 ! AFFAIR4 ,! RIOT1 IF ANY?+1 MADE ! ,LEAGUE MORE POPUL> & !RE W]E L>GE DEMON/RATIONS TO WELCOME ! M5 ON !IR RELEASE4 ,! SITUATION IMPROV$ SOME:AT OV] ! SUMM]1 BUT AS W9T] APPROA*$ UNEMPLOYM5T ROSE AGA94 ,A PLAC>D PO/$ 9 ,NORWI* 9 ,OCTOB] 'BY UNKN[N H&S' WAS ?REAT5+3 0,NOTICE TO ALL CONC]N$3 ,! UNEMPLOY$ DO NOT 9T5D TO />VE ANY LONG]4 ,IF EMPLOYM5T IS NOT F\ND = !M1 !Y WILL SOON MAKE SOME40.<#a#a#f.> ,AS A RESULT #b SPECIAL CON/ABLES W]E SWORN 94 ,MORE S5SIBLY ! LOCAL AU?ORITIES TEMP]$ !IR %[ ( =CE BY PROVID+ PUBLIC WORKS4 ,COMMONWEAL LAT] QUOT$ TWO C\NCILORS3 

,H[ MU* EXTRA DID IT CO/ 4448 

,G,B,P#a#e6 

,WELL 444 NONE ( US WILL GRUDGE ?AT4 ,IT'S A DAMN$ *EAP PRICE TO HAVE KEPT !M QUIET =4 

,! CORRESPOND5T COMM5T$3 0IT SEEMS AFT] ALL ?AT FE> ( A REPETITION ( RIOT+ WAS !IR MOTIVE4 ,LET ! UNEMPLOY$ LE>N ! LESSON ?IS TEA*ES40.<#a#a#g.> 

,9 ,LONDON1 H[EV]1 ! AU?ORITIES SEEM$ DET]M9$ TO SOLVE ! 'PROBLEM' ( ! UNEMPLOY$ BY =CE ALONE4 ,9 ! E>LI] P>T ( #ahhg ! ,S4,D4,F4 HAD ORGANIZ$ MANY P>ADES BY ! UNEMPLOY$ -- TO ,WE/M9/] ,ABBEY DUR+ S]VICES AMONG O!R PLACES4 ,:ILE 9DIVIDUAL MEMB]S ( ! ,LEAGUE HAD P>TICIPAT$ 9 !M ! ,LEAGUE AS A :OLE RA!R SAW !M AS 9T5D$ TO BE ADV]TISEM5TS = ! ,S4,D4,F4 ,!RE W]E SPORADIC \TBREAKS ( LOOT+ -- = EXAMPLE1 AFT] A MEET+ 9 ,FEBRU>Y ON ,CL]K5WELL ,GRE54 ,DUE1 APP>5TLY1 TO SOME 9T]NAL DIFFICULTIES 9 ! ,S4,D4,F4 ?AT ORGANIZATION DISCONT9U$ ITS P>ADES SOME TIME 9 ! SUMM]4 ,AS UNEMPLOYM5T 9CREAS$ DUR+ ! AUTUMN M\NT+ NUMB]S ( ! UNEMPLOY$ BEGAN TO MEET DAILY 9 ,TRAFALG> ,SQU>E & BETWE5 #d & #f HOMELESS PEOPLE W]E SLEEP+ !RE AT NI<T4 ,SOCIALI/S BEGAN TO HOLD MEET+S 9 ! SQU>E ON A FREELANCE BASIS & 9CREAS+LY VIOL5T ?REATS W]E BE+ UTT]$ BY !M4 ,:ILE IT W\LD SEEM ?AT ONE ( !M AT LEA/ WAS A POLICE PAID AG5T PROVOCATEUR1 ! VIOL5CE BE+ URG$ WAS A VIOL5CE ! UNEMPLOY$ FELT4 ,PROM95T 9 ! AGITATION 9 ! SQU>E WAS AN AN>*I/-9CL9$ ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGU] CALL$ ,JAMES ,ALLMAN1 :O HAD ALREADY S]V$ A MON?'S IMPRISONM5T E>LI] 9 ! YE> = 'OB/RUCTION' :ILE ADDRESS+ A MEET+4 

,PROCESSIONS W]E ORGANIZ$4 ,ONE TO ! ,B[ ,/REET MAGI/RATE ON #a#b? ,OCTOB] WAS MET ) A BLANK REFUSAL ( AID & A SUGGE/ION ?AT ! UNEMPLOY$ 5T] ! WORKH\SE4 0,ASK$ IF HE W\LD GIVE !M FOOD & %ELT] 9 PRISON IF !Y SACK$ BAK]S %OPS HE REPLI$ ?AT !Y W]E 'EXCE$+LY IMP]T95T' & 'DES]V$ NO COMPASSION'40 ,FRE$OM NOT$ ?AT 0UN=TUNATELY ?IS DID NO MORE ?AN CAUSE A M>* ?R\< ! ,CITY40.<#a#a#h.> ,! POLICE HAD ALREADY BEGUN TO ATTACK PROCESSIONS ( ! UNEMPLOY$1 ?\< !SE ATTACKS MET ) /IFF RESI/ANCE4 ,ON #a#e? ,OCTOB] ! POLICE ATTACK$ A MEET+ ( ! UNEMPLOY$ 9 ,TRAFALG> ,SQU>E ITSELF ) BO? FOOT & HORSE 0HU/L+1 *>G+1 /RIK+ & TRAMPL+ ! PEOPLE40 ,ATTACKS ON MEET+S 9 ! SQU>E CONT9U$ DAILY ) EV]-9CREAS+ NUMB]S ( POLICE 9VOLV$ UNTIL ! UNEMPLOY$ W]E F9ALLY DRIV5 \T ON #a#i? ,OCTOB]4 ,! C5T] ( ! AGITATION !N MOV$ TO ,HYDE ,P>K4 0,= DAYS ! CONFLICT WAS C>RI$ ON 9 & >\ND ! ,P>K4 ,ON ONE OCCASION ! GATES W]E CLOS$ ON ! PEOPLE & ! M\NT$ POLICE *>G$ ! CR[D ?US HEMM$ 9 & HELPLESS40 ,MANY /RAGGL]S W]E >RE/$1 BEAT5 & S5T5C$ TO VICI\S S5T5CES ON (T5 P]JUR$ EVID5CE4 0,BUT 9 SPITE ( POLICE C\RT T]RORISM & S5T5CES ( H>D LABOR BY ! DOZ51 ! PEOPLE DEF5D$ !MSELVES ) /ICKS & /ONES & !IR FI/S & HELD !IR MEET+S JU/ ! SAME4 ,& ON ,SUNDAY1 #b#cRD ,OCTOB] !Y RETURN$ TO ! SQU>E 9 A SOLID MASS1 FILL+ ! HUGE SQU>E TO OV]FL[+ & AFT]W>DS M>*+ TO ,WE/M9/] ,ABBEY40 

,! ESCALAT+ CONFLICT HAD BR\<T PROTE/S AGA9/ POLICE VIOL5CE FROM ! LIB]AL PRESS & SCREE*ES FROM %OPKEEP]S 9 ! >EA ( ,TRAFALG> ,SQU>E1 :O CLAIM$ !IR TAK+S W]E BE+ HIT BY ! DEMON/RATIONS4 ,IT WAS QUITE CLE> :OSE VIEWS ,W>R5 TOOK TO HE>T4 ,! POLICE CONT9U$ TO ATTACK ! DAILY MEET+S UNTIL1 ON #h? ,NOVEMB]1 ,W>R5 BANN$ ALL FUR!R MEET+S 9 ! SQU>E ON ! GR\NDS ?AT IT WAS ! PRIVATE PROP]TY ( ! ,CR[N4 ,?IS BR\<T A /ORM ( PROTE/ FROM ! ,RADICALS1 :O HAD TAK5 NO P>T 9 ! UNEMPLOY$ AGITATION BUT W]E V]Y /RONG ON ! RI<T ( FREE SPEE*4 ,AS A REPLY TO ! BAN ! ,RADICALS ANN\NC$ ?AT !Y W\LD HOLD A MASS DEMON/RATION 9 ! SQU>E ON #a#c? ,NOVEMB] TO PROTE/ AT ,CO]CION 9 ,IREL&4 ,! DEMON/RATION WAS TO CONV]GE 9 A NUMB] ( PROCESSIONS FROM DIFF]5T P>TS ( ,LONDON4 ,IT C\LD BE READILY ASSUM$ ?AT ! POLICE W\LD HAVE NO 9T5TION ( ALL[+ ! PROCESSIONS TO REA* ! SQU>E & ?AT VIOL5CE WAS TO BE EXPECT$2 YET ! MORALE ( ! V>I\S L>GE CONT+5TS WAS GOOD4 ,LANE SAID ?AT ,MORRIS 0QUITE ?\<T ! REVOLUTION HAD COME40.<#a#a#i.> ,! M>*]S W]E TO BE BRUTALLY DISABUS$ ( ANY SU* OP9ION4 

,KN[+ ! TIME ( ! DEMON/RATION1 ! DIRECTION FROM :I* ! CONT+5TS W]E TO COME & !IR APPROXIMATE SIZE ALL[$ ,W>R5 EV]Y ADVANTAGE1 A FACT ?AT HE US$ TO ! FULL3 

,! ',SQU>E'1 I4E4 ! SUNK5 SPACE1 WAS GU>D$ BY FOOT-POLICEM5 F\R DEEP1 :OSE BUS9ESS WAS SIMPLY TO GU>D IT & :O HAD ORD]S NOT TO /IR FROM !IR PO/S1 \TSIDE !SE W]E /RONG BODIES ( HORSE POLICE :O TOOK C>EFUL NOTE ( ANY 9CIPI5T GA!R+ & AT ONCE SCATT]$ IT4 

,?IS DEF5SE WAS AMPLE AGA9/ ANY?+ EXCEPT AN ORGANIZ$ ATTACK FROM DET]M9$ P]SONS ACT+ 9 CONC]T1 & ABLE TO DEP5D ON ONE ANO!R4 ,9 ORD] ?AT NO SU* BODY %\LD BE =M$ & NO SU* ATTACK BE POSSIBLE1 ! C>EFUL G5]AL HAD PO/$ /RONG BODIES ( POLICE1 ) DUE SUPPORTS TO FALL BACK ON IF NECESS>Y1 AB\T A RADIUS ( AB\T A QU>T] ( A MILE ( ! SQU>E1 SO ?AT NO?+ C\LD ESCAPE FALL+ 9TO ! ME%ES ( ?IS NET4 

,9TO ?IS NET WE !N M>*$4.<#a#b.> 

,! CONT+5T :I* 9CLUD$ MO/ ( ! ,LEAGUE M>*]S WAS ATTACK$ AT ,SEV5 ,DIALS & TAK5 ON ! FLANK4 ,?\< !Y F\<T BACK AS BE/ !Y C\LD !Y W]E CONFUS$ & TAK5 BY SURPRISE4 ,MORRIS WROTE3 0,I WAS A/\ND$ AT ! RAPIDITY ( ! ?+ & ! EASE ) :I* MILIT>Y ORGANIZATION GOT ITS VICTORY40 ,! POLICE BEHAV$ ) UTT] SAVAG]Y4 ,ONE WITNESS SAID1 0,AS ,I WAS BE+ L$ \T ( ! CR[D A POOR WOMAN ASK$ A POLICE 9SPECTOR 444 IF HE HAD SE5 A *ILD %E HAD LO/4 ,HIS ANSW] WAS TO TELL H] %E WAS A DAMN$ :ORE & KNOCK H] D[N40.<#a#b#a.> ,! /ORY WAS ! SAME ) ! O!R CONT+5TS & ONLY UNORGANIZ$ & CONFUS$ /RAGGL]S REA*$ ! SQU>E ITSELF :]E !Y W]E QUICKLY DISP]S$4 ,?REE PEOPLE DI$ AS A RESULT ( 9JURIES RECEIV$ FROM ! POLICE ON #a#c? ,NOVEMB]1 & ANO!R MAN WAS KILL$ ! FOLL[+ WEEK :5 POLICE HORSES W]E AGA9 CLE>+ ! SQU>E4 ,MANY >RE/S W]E MADE & JAIL S5T5CES W]E LIB]ALLY H&$ \T4 ,! DAY IS PROP]LY REMEMB]$ AS ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY4 

,REACTIONS FROM ! P>TICIPANTS W]E QUITE NATURALLY ANGRY4 ,BUT !RE W]E A V>IETY ( RESPONSES BEYOND ?AT4 ,E4,P4 ,?OMPSON SUGGE/S ?AT FROM ! TIME ( ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY ONW>DS ,MORRIS DRA/ICALLY EXT5D$ HIS TIMESCALE = ! A*IEVEM5T ( SOCIALISM4 ,! EASE ) :I* ! L>GE BODIES ( PEOPLE HAD BE5 DISP]S$ PR(\NDLY DEPRESS$ HIM & P]SUAD$ HIM ( ! VA/ P[] AT ! DISPOSAL ( ! AU?ORITIES4 ,?IS NEI!R *ANG$ HIS G5]AL POLITICAL /RATEGY OR HIS IDEAS BUT DID R$UCE HIS 9T5SE POLITICAL ACTIVITY4 ,= O!RS1 TOO1 ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY REPRES5T$ A CRISIS 9 ANY BELIEF !Y MI<T HAVE HAD 9 ! LIKELIHOOD ( AN 9CIPI5T REVOLUTION1 BUT1 UNLIKE ,MORRIS1 IT PU%$ !M /EADILY T[>DS A MORE RE=MI/ POSITION4 

,= ! MAJORITY ( ! ,LEAGUE ACTIVI/S1 H[EV]1 IT SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 TREAT$ AS A LESSON 9 NOT FI<T+ AGA9/ IMPOSSIBLE ODDS4 ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY DID 9DE$ M>K A DEFEAT1 BUT ?IS DID NOT 9 ITSELF REPRES5T A DEFEAT = A POLICY ( RIOT4 ,!RE WAS LITTLE D\BT ?AT !Y %>$ ,FRE$OM'S OP9ION ( EV5TS3 0444! 9CL9ATION ( ! PEOPLE 9CREASES TO RU% ON ! SMALLE/ PRETEXT TO DEMON/RATE 9 ! /REETS4 ,!RE HAVE BE5 MORE OR LESS TUMULTU\S /REET GA!R+S DUR+ ! PA/ YE> .<I4E4 #a#h#h#g.> 9 ,LONDON1 ,GLASG[1 ,NORWI*1 ,NOR?AMPTON1 9 ,WALES & 9 ,IREL&4 444 ,! 9CREASE 9 SU* /ORMY GA!R+S M>KS ! >RIVAL ( ! P]IOD ( ACTION4 ,BE=E ! NEXT NEW YE> IT MAY WELL HAPP5 ?AT WE %ALL F9D \RSELVES AMID ! FIR/ CRISIS ( A ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION40.<#a#b#b.> 

,AN>*I/ IDEAS BEGAN TO APPEAL MORE SPECIFICALLY TO ! ACTIVI/S ( ! ,LEAGUE 9 #a#h#h#g4 ,! CONTEXT WAS ! 9CREAS+ CLASS CONFRONTATION REPRES5T$ BY ! UNEMPLOY$ DEMON/RATIONS CULM9AT+ 9 ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY4 ,! EXAMPLE ?AT FASC9AT$ !M WAS ! TRIAL & JUDICIAL MURD] ( ! ,*ICAGO AN>*I/S4 ,F\R M5 W]E HANG$ AFT] A S]IES ( EV5TS 9 ,*ICAGO 9 #ahhf :I* HAD CULM9AT$ 9 A BOMB BE+ ?R[N AT POLICE :O W]E ATTACK+ A PEACEFUL MEET+4 ,*ICAGO WAS A MILITANT C5T] ( AN>*ISM & HAD SE5 A S]IES ( /RIKES 9 PURSUIT ( DEM&S = ! EI<T-H\R DAY4 ,PICKETS HAD BE5 %OT & BEAT5 BY ,P9K]TON ?UGS & POLICE4 7,! MEET+ ATTACK$ BY ! POLICE HAD BE5 CALL$ 9 ! ,HAYM>KET TO PROTE/ AGA9/ POLICE VIOL5CE47 ,AFT] ! BOMB EXPLOSION1 :I* KILL$ ONE POLICEMAN1 ! POLICE >RE/$ EI<T M5 :O W]E ALL EI!R AN>*I/ $ITORS OR ACTIVE PROPAG&I/S 9 ! EI<T-H\R /RUGGLE4 ,! AN>*I/ PRESS 9 ,*ICAGO HAD BE5 /RID5TLY CALL+ = PREP>ATION ON ! P>T ( ! WORK+ CLASS = >M$ REVOLUTION4 ,= ALL ?AT1 NONE ( ! M5 C\LD BE PROV$ TO HAVE HAD ANY?+ TO DO ) ! BOMB4 ,!Y W]E ALL *>G$ ) COMPLICITY 9 ! MURD] ( ! POLICEMAN4 ,AFT] A S]IES ( F>CICALLY UNFAIR TRIALS !Y W]E CONDEMN$ TO DEA?1 ?\< ?REE ( !M1 ,FIELD51 ,NEEBE & ,S*WAB1 HAD !IR S5T5CES COMMUT$4 ,! DIGNITY & CONVICTION ( ! CONDEMN$ M5 9 ! FACE ( A FR5ZI$ HATE CAMPAIGN COMPELL$ ATT5TION4 ,ONE CAN GO F> T[>DS UND]/&+ ! MOTIVES ( AN AN>*I/ ASSASS9 :5 ONE IS CONFRONT$ BY ! TRULY BE/IAL RELI% ) :I* ! NEWSPAP]S DESCRIB$ ! DETAILS ( ! PREP>ATION = ! HANG+1 & ! EXECUTION ITSELF4 ,ALB]T ,P>SONS1 ONE ( ! M5 :O W]E HANG$1 HAD EV]Y *ANCE TO GO 9TO HID+ BUT RETURN$ TO FACE TRIAL S9CE HIS /ATUS AS A NATIVE ,5GLI%-SPEAK+ ,AM]ICAN MI<T JU/ TIP ! BALANCE = HIS =EIGN COMRADES4 ,L\IS ,L+G APPEAL$ = REV5GE = !IR IMM95T DEA?S & AS HIS P>T+ WORDS TO ! C\RT SAID3 0,I DESPISE Y\4 ,I DESPISE Y\R ORD]1 Y\R LAWS1 Y\R =CE PROPP$ AU?ORITY4 ,HANG ME = IT60 ,L+G *OSE TO TAKE HIS [N LIFE BY EXPLOD+ A SMUGGL$ DYNAMITE C>TRIDGE 9 HIS M\?4 ,ON ! SCAFFOLD ,5GEL SAID1 0,LONG LIVE ,AN>*ISM602 ,FIS*] SAID1 0,?IS IS ! HAPPIE/ MOM5T ( MY LIFE602 ,SPIES SAID1 0,!RE WILL COME A TIME :5 \R SIL5CE WILL BE MORE P[]FUL ?AN ! VOICES Y\ /RANGLE TODAY40 ,! M5 W]E EXECUT$ ON #a#a? ,NOVEMB] #a#h#h#g4 

,! HATE CAMPAIGN 9 ,AM]ICA WAS MAT*$ BY ! ,TORY PRESS 9 ,BRITA94 ,TO C\NT] !IR PROPAG&A A S]IES ( PROTE/ MEET+S W]E ORGANIZ$ BY ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P1 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE & BRAN*ES ( ! ,S4,D4,F41 BO? JO9TLY & SEP>ATELY4 ,PROPAG&A T\RS W]E MADE ?R\< ! RADICAL CLUBS4 ,ACC\NTS ( ! TRIALS ( ! ,*ICAGO M5 W]E S5T TO ! ,COMMONWEAL FROM ,AM]ICA BY ,H5RY ,*>LES & ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE DEVOT$ MU* SPACE 9 ! PAP] & CONSID]ABLE ORGANIZATIONAL EF=T TO ! CAMPAIGN 9 DEF5SE ( ! CONDEMN$ M54 ,! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P & ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE NOT ONLY COOP]AT$ ) EA* O!R 9 ! ORGANIZATION ( MEET+S1 !Y JO9TLY ISSU$ & DI/RIBUT$ A ?ICK PAMPHLET1 ,! ,*ICAGO ,M>TYRS1 :I* GAVE ! LIVES & SPEE*ES ( ! CONDEMN$ M5 & DESCRIB$ ! EV5TS LEAD+ UP TO !IR EXECUTION4 

,9 LATE #ahhg & E>LY #ahhh ! BIOGRAPHIES ( ! EI<T ,*ICAGO M5 W]E S]IALIZ$ 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL4 ,! C\RAGE & =TITUDE ( ! ,*ICAGO M>TYRS1 ! COOP]ATION ) ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P1 ! 9CREAS+ P5ETRATION ( AN>*I/ IDEAS )9 ! ,LEAGUE BO? FROM LONG/&+ =EIGN AN>*I/ MEMB]S & FROM ,FRE$OM ITSELF1 ! IDEOLOGIES DEVELOP+ \T ( ! /RUGGLE ) ! P>LIAM5T>IANS -- ALL !SE W]E 9T]TW9$ 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL & ! M9DS ( ! ACTIVI/S4 ,! ,*ICAGO M5 W]E HANG$ ON #a#a? ,NOVEMB]4 ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY WAS ON #a#c? ,NOVEMB]4 ,CLOSE CONNECTIONS W]E DRAWN BETWE5 !M -- !Y W]E BO? COMMEMORAT$ AT ! SAME MEET+S ! FOLL[+ YE>4 ,NAK$ =CE1 IT APPE>$1 WAS ! F9AL ANSW] ( ! /ATE :5 ! DISPOSSESS$ 9SI/$ ON PRESS+ !IR CLAIMS -- & CLAIMS = :AT8 ,= WORK OR BREAD1 = AN EI<T-H\R WORK+ DAY4 ,:Y !N DID ! PEOPLE NOT CLAIM ALL & HAVE DONE8 ,!SE W]E ! FEEL+S ( ! MILITANTS4 

,9 ! MON?S AFT] ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY !RE WAS A DECEPTIVE CALM 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,COOP]ATION WAS A SIMPLE MATT] :5 IT CAME TO DECRY+ ! VIOL5CE ( ! POLICE4 ,RECEPTIONS = ?OSE PEOPLE JAIL$ AFT] ! FI<T+ W]E OCCASIONS :5 COMRADELY FEEL+ WAS EASY4 ,YET ! ANNUAL CONF]5CE ( ! ,LEAGUE ON #b? ,MAY BR\<T TO A HEAD ! 9FI<T+ ?AT HAD SIMM]$ S9CE ! CONF]5CE ( ! PREVI\S YE>4 ,! OBVI\S DESIRE ( ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS TO RECONCILE ! POLITICIANS1 N[ CONC5TRAT$ 9 ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* ( ! ,LEAGUE & ! MORE P]EMPTORY ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IANS HAD 9 NO WAY *ANG$ ! SITUATION4 ,JOE ,LANE HAD BE5 PROV$ RI<T 9 HIS OBJECTION TO ! PROPOSAL 0?AT ! MATT] BE ADJ\RN$ = TWELVE MON?S1 ! RESULT ( :I* W\LD BE ?AT ! BATTLE W\LD /ILL BE C>RI$ ON1 WEAK5+ \R PROPAG&A =CES40.<#a#b#c.> ,REASS]T+ ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,LEAGUE HAD BE5 EQUIVAL5T TO AN ADJ\RNM5T4 

,! RUN-UP TO ! CONF]5CE />T$ 9 E>NE/ :5 ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* S5T 9 !IR RESOLUTIONS4 ,!RE W]E F\R1 ?REE ( !M PROPOSALS ON ORGANIZATION :I* C\LD ONLY 9CREASE ! CONTROL ( ! L>GE1 RI* ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN*4 ,! O!R RESOLUTION1 NUMB] TWO1 PROPOS$ ?AT ! 0,CON/ITUTION BE AM5D$ 444 ADD+ ',?AT ITS OBJECTS %ALL BE S\<T TO BE OBTA9$ BY ALL AVAILABLE MEANS2 & ?AT ,BRAN*ES ( ! ,LEAGUE BE EMP[]$ 444 TO RUN OR SUPPORT C&IDATES = ALL ! REPRES5TATIVE BODIES ( ! C\NTRY'40 ,9 ! 9T]NAL CIRCUL> ( #g? ,MAY ! S]I\SNESS ( ! ?REAT WAS UND]L9$1 ! ,WAYS & ,MEANS ,COMMITTEE ASS]T+ ?AT 0! C>RY+ ( ?IS RESOLUTION 9 ! OP9ION ( ! COMMITTEE W\LD 9VOLVE ! IMM$IATE DISSOLUTION ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE40.<#a#b#d.> ,IT WAS AN 9DICATION ?AT ?IS TIME !RE W\LD BE NO ATTEMPT AT COMPROMISE4 ,A BETT] EXAMPLE ( ! MOOD ( ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IANS CAME 9 O!R DOCUM5TS4 ,! #a#d? ,MAY 9T]NAL LETT] REVEAL$ ?AT ,SAM ,MA9W>+ HAD CALL$ = ! IMM$IATE DISSOLUTION ( ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* AT A C\NCIL MEET+ ?\< HE WAS PREVAIL$ UPON TO LEAVE ! MATT] UNTIL ! CONF]5CE4 ,! REASONS = HIS ANGRY GE/URE CAN BE F\ND 9 TWO 9T]NAL DOCUM5TS1 ONE CIRCULAT$ BY ,LANE & ,*>LES1 ! O!R BY ! ,HACKNEY BRAN*4 

,! FIR/ DOCUM5T LI/$ ALL ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y POLICY /ATEM5TS ( ! ,LEAGUE & !N PROCE$$ TO ITS REAL BUS9ESS4 ,LANE & ,*>LES REPR9T$ :AT APPE> TO BE ! PURLO9$ M9UTES ( A MEET+ ( ! P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION :I* TOOK PLACE ON ! DAY AFT] !IR DEFEAT AT ! #ahhg CONF]5CE4 ,AVEL+ WAS 9 ! *AIR & PRES5T AMONG O!RS W]E ,ELEANOR ,M>X-,AVEL+1 ,A4,K4 ,DONALD1 ,BAX & ,TOM ,B9N+4 ,! MO/ 9T]E/+ SECTION READS3 

,%IRLEY -- PROPOS$ TO MAKE ,BLOOMSBURY A ,HEAD ,C5T] ( ,SOCIALISM4 

,UTLEY -- ,TO BECOME ACTIVE WORK+ MEMB]S ( ! ,L4,E4,L4 )\T )DRAW+ FROM ! ,S4,L4 ,/AY 9 ,LEAGUE TILL WE CAN WORK IT = \R [N P>TY4 

,E4 ,M4 ,AVEL+ -- ,SORRY WE LEFT ! ,S4,D4,F4 ,REV]SE \R BLUND] MADE !RE & GET ! ,LEAGUE 9TO \R [N H&S4 ,GET A ,CONF4 9 AB\T ?REE MON?S & REV]SE ! DECISION ( ?IS LA/ ONE4 ,MAKE ,W4 ,MORRIS GIVE UP ! PAP]4 ,WORK ! ,L4,E4,L4 & SUGGE/ ?AT EV]Y P>LIAM5T>Y SUPPORT] JO9S ! ,L4,E4,L4 ,=CE ! H&S ( ! ,C\NCIL BY JO9+ ! ,L4,E4,L4 & IF RESI/ANCE IS (F]$1 RESIGN & LEAVE ! ,LEAGUE1 BUT HOLD ON TO ,LEAGUE = TIME BE+4 

,E4 ,M4 ,AVEL+ -- ,BRAN*ES 9 H>MONY ) P>TY SUBSCRIBE FUNDS = WORK+ PROV9CIAL BRAN*ES4.<#a#b#e.> ,?AT ,BRAN*ES PAY SUBSCRIPTIONS TO ,L4,E4,L4 & PAY AS AFFILIAT$ BODIES TO ,LEAGUE4 

,TOM ,B9N+ -- ,L4,E4,L4 C\LD >RANGE E>LY MEET+4 

,LANE & ,*>LES !N GO ON TO SAY ?AT 0! ATTEMPT TO USE ! ,L4,E4,L4 = !IR P>TY PURPOSES WAS AN IGNOM9I\S FAILURE & !Y HAVE !RE=E ADOPT$ ! C\RSE ( PROPOS+ !SE RESOLUTIONS FROM ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN*40.<#a#b#f.> ,NO ONE CAN D5Y ?AT ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y FACTION HAD ALSO BE5 LOBBY+ = SUPPORT.<#a#b#g.> BUT ! %ODDY SELF-ADVANC+ & OPPORTUNI/ TONE ( !SE M9UTES W\LD BY NO MEANS CALM TEMP]S4 

,NEI!R C\LD ! SECOND 9T]NAL DOCUM5T CIRCULAT$ BY ! ,HACKNEY BRAN*4 ,?IS CONC]N$ ! PROPOSALS DESIGN$ TO 9CREASE ! CONTROL ( L>GE1 RI* BRAN*ES LIKE ,BLOOMSBURY4 ,N[ ! ,HACKNEY BRAN* HAD AN 9T]E/ H]E2 IT WAS A SMALL BRAN*4 ,BUT IT WAS ALSO EMPHATICALLY ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IAN4 ,! SECRET>Y WAS ,GEORGE ,CORES & ITS MEMB]S 9CLUD$ TWO AN>*I/ MEMB]S ( ! ,B]N] ,/REET CLUB1 ONE ( :OM1 ,W4 ,WESS1 WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P4 ,9 ADDITION ITS DELEGATE TO ! CONF]5CE WAS ,JOE ,LANE4 ,! REAL PO9T ( ?IS CIRCUL> ISSU$ BY ! BRAN* WAS ! S5T5CE 0,?OSE :O KN[ H[ ! L>GE NUMB]S ( ! ,BLOOMSBURY ,BRAN* HAVE BE5 OBTA9$ NAMELY BY 9DUC+ V]Y MANY MEMB]S ( ! ,S4,D4,F4 TO JO9 :ILE /ILL MEMB]S ( ! ,S4,D4,F4 M]ELY = ! PURPOSE ( SWAMP+ ! VOTES ( O!RS40.<#a#b#h.> ,IT WAS ?IS ALLEGATION ?AT HAD MADE ,SAM ,MA9W>+ WANT TO DISSOLVE ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* AT ! C\NCIL MEET+ BE=E ! CONF]5CE4 

,! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* MADE NO ATTEMPT TO CIRCULATE S]I\S MAT]IAL ( !IR [N BE=E ! CONF]5CE4 ,9 ADDITION !Y PUT SOME EF=T 9TO BE+ PROVOCATIVE AT ! CONF]5CE ITSELF4 ,!IR REPORT 9 :AT APPE>S TO BE A LATE 5TRY BOA/S ( JO9T ACTIVITY ) ! ,S4,D4,F4 9 PROMOT+ C&IDATES = ! ,/ ,PANCRAS ,BO>D ( ,GU>DIANS4.<#a#b#i.> ,FUR!RMORE !IR M&ATES = DELEGATES W]E WRITT5 ON ! BACK ( A LEAFLET MADE UP ( ! TEXT ( A SIMULTANE\SLY P]CEPTIVE & RA!R SILLY LETT] :I* HAD BE5 REFUS$ BY ! ,COMMONWEAL4 ,?IS READ 9 P>T3 

,! ,S4,L4 HAS FOLL[$ SO CLOSELY 9 ! /EPS ( ?AT SOCIETY :I* ,SOCIALI/S DESIRE TO OV]?R[1 ?AT 9 IT HAS >IS5 A CURI\S PHASE ( ,J+OISM4 ,! J+O PATRIOT EXALTS DEVOTION TO ! ,/ATE 9TO A VIRTUE F> HI<] ?AN DEVOTION TO ! CAUSE ( HUMANITY1 & SIMIL>LY !RE >E MANY ( \R COMRADES :O HAVE PUT DEVOTION TO ! ,S4,L4 BE=E DEVOTION TO ! CAUSE ( ,SOCIALISM4 444 ,:ILE \R PRES5T ,EXECUTIVE EXI/S ANY BRAN* OR ANY MEMB] EX]CIS+ ! RI<T ( ?\<T OR FREE DISCUSSION RUNS ! RISK ( EXPULSION4.<#a#c.> 

,?IS EXPLICITLY REF]R$ TO ,MA9W>+'S ATTEMPT TO EXPEL ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN*4 ,IT MI<T HAVE BE5 LESS IRRITAT+ TO USE ?IS TO WRITE M&ATES ON IF ! PEOPLE *ECK+ BRAN* CR$5TIALS HAD NOT BE5 ,LANE & ,MA9W>+4 

,! CONF]5CE WAS /RUCTUR$ 9 SU* A WAY ?AT IT ALL[$ EV]YONE PL5TY ( TIME TO LOSE !IR TEMP] BE=E ! ,BLOOMSBURY MOTIONS W]E DEBAT$4 ,!RE W]E WRANGLES OV] :E!R BRAN*ES EXI/$ OR NOT & ,BAX'S BRAN* 7,CROYDON7 WAS DECL>$ COLLAPS$4 ,!RE W]E WRANGLES OV] ! CONTROL ( ! ,COMMONWEAL4 ,IT WAS NOT UNTIL #fPM AFT] A DAY ( IT ?AT ! ,BLOOMSBURY MOTIONS W]E DISCUSS$4 ,?IS IMM$IATELY />T$ ) A SPAT BETWE5 ,DONALD & ,LANE4 ',BLOOMSBURY NUMB] TWO' WAS TAK5 FIR/1 IMM$IATELY AM5D$ BY ,MORRIS & ,M[BRAY TO CONV]T IT 9TO A REASS]TION ( ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IANISM4 ,! DEBATE WAS NOISY & DISORD]LY4 ,EV5TUALLY ! AM5DM5T WAS C>RI$ BY N9ETE5 VOTES TO SIX4 ,! O!R ,BLOOMSBURY MOTIONS W]E DEFEAT$ AS HEAVILY4 ,BUT ?IS TIME IT WAS NOT 9T5D$ TO LEAVE IT AT ?AT4 ,A FUR!R MOTION WAS PUT BY ,DAVIS & ,MORRIS RECOMM5D+ ! ,LEAGUE TO 0TAKE /EPS TO RECONCILIATE1 OR IF NECESS>Y1 EXCLUDE ! ,BLOOMSBURY ,BRAN* FROM ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE40 ,?IS WAS C>RI$ BY EI<TE5 TO SEV54 ,! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* !N REPLI$ ) A MOTION TO DIVIDE ! ASSETS ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,!Y W]E AGA9 DEFEAT$4 

,?US ! CONF]5CE 5D$ ANY HOPES ! ,BLOOMSBURYITES MI<T HAVE HAD ( CAPTUR+ ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,IT SEEMS CLE>1 ?\<1 ?AT IT WAS LESS ( AN ATTEMPT TO P]SUADE & MORE ( A WRECK+ EXP$ITION4 ,! RESOLUTION CALL+ = ! DIVISION ( ! ,LEAGUE ASSETS S\NDS LIKE AN ATTEMPT TO HAVE !MSELVES B\<T \T1 S9CE MO/ ( ! ASSETS ( ! ,LEAGUE W]E B\<T BY ,MORRIS1 & AS HE HAD WRITT51 0! P>LS4 CANNOT DO )\T US MONEYLY AS WE HAVE F\ND MO/ ( ! MONEY2 IF Y\ ?9K IT MEAN TO SAY ?IS ,I MU/ SAY 9 TURN ?AT !Y HAVE RA!R SPECULAT$ ON MY KN[N HORROR ( A SPLIT 9 !IR MA*9ATIONS40.<#a#c#a.> ,!IR TACTICS REMA9$ DISRUPTIVE AFT] !IR CLE> DEFEAT AT ! CONF]5CE4 ,!Y ISSU$ & DI/RIBUT$ AN 0ILLU/RAT$ SQUIB0 D]ISIVE ( ! CONF]5CE1 & AT ! NEXT C\NCIL MEET+ ! BRAN* WAS SUSP5D$4 ,!Y !N 9SI/$ ON ATT5D+ ! NEXT C\NCIL MEET+ & REFUS$ TO LEAVE4 ,A F9AL ATTEMPT AT RECONCILIATION WAS MADE BY ,MORRIS BUT FAIL$4 ,! BRAN* CLAIM$ ITS 0COMPLETE AUTONOMY40 ,F9ALLY AT ! #b#e? ,JUNE MEET+ ( ! C\NCIL IT WAS RESOLV$ TO DISSOLVE ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN*4 ,& H]E ! BATTLE 5D$4 

,BUT !RE W]E /ILL BIRDS LIMP+ HOME TO ROO/4 ,! ,LABOR ,EMANCIPATION ,LEAGUE AT ,HOXTON DECID$ TO )DRAW ITS AFFILIATION TO ! ,LEAGUE 9 ,JUNE & ! ,WALSALL BRAN* SIMIL>LY SEC$$ 9 ,AUGU/4 ,!SE RESIGNATIONS W]E RECEIV$ ) REGRET & IT WAS HOP$ ?AT COOP]ATION C\LD TAKE PLACE ON PO9TS :]E !Y W]E 9 AGREEM5T4 ,BUT AN IMPORTANT /AGE HAD BE5 REA*$ 9 ! LIFE ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,NO MATT] H[ FIRMLY ,MORRIS & ! O!R COMMITT$ ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IANS HAD /AT$ !IR CASE S9CE ! 9CEPTION ( ! ,LEAGUE1 IT HAD BECOME1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ! PROV9CES1 A GA!R+ PO9T = SOCIALI/S ( EV]Y DESCRIPTION4 ,! REASONS W]E TW(OLD4 ,FIR/LY1 MANY PEOPLE F\ND ,MORRIS BO? AS A MAN & AS A SOCIALI/ MORE ATTRACTIVE ?AN ,HYNDMAN4 ,! POLITICAL DIFF]5CES BETWE5 !M SEEM TO HAVE FIGUR$ LITTLE 9ITIALLY4 ,?IS1 AT LEA/1 IS ! IMPRESSION ONE GA9S READ+ MEMOIRS BY E>LY MEMB]S ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,SECONDLY1 ! LOOS] BRAN* /RUCTURE ( ! ,LEAGUE SUIT$ SOME PROV9CIAL SOCIALI/S1 & ! PROV9CIAL BRAN*ES ( ! ,LEAGUE REPRES5T$ MORE OR LESS A F$]ATION ( LOCAL SOCIALI/ SOCIETIES4 ,! /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! P>LIAM5T>Y & ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y FACTIONS WAS PRIM>ILY A /RUGGLE 9VOLV+ ?OSE MEMB]S :OSE SOCIALISM WAS MORE !ORETICALLY SPECIFIC4 ,?US ,WALSALL & ,HOXTON W]E BRAN*ES :]E ! P>LIAM5T>IANS HAD A BASE ( A K9D -- ,WALSALL PROBABLY BECAUSE ,DONALD ( ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* HAD BE5 WORK+ NE>BY4 ,MEAN:ILE ! ONLY BRAN*ES :O SPECIFICALLY 5DORS$ AN >TICLE 5TITL$ ',! ,POLICY ( ! ,LEAGUE'1 :I* UND]L9$ ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y /& ( ! ,LEAGUE W]E ,NORWI*1 ,HACKNEY & ,HAMM]SMI?1 9FLU5C$ BY ,*>LES1 ,LANE & ,MORRIS RESPECTIVELY4 ,IT HAS ALREADY BE5 SAID ?AT ! /RUGGLE HAD />T$ 9 ! C\NCIL ( ! ,LEAGUE & HAD BE5 KEPT !RE UNTIL IT BOIL$ OV] AT ! #ahhg & #ahhh CONF]5CES4 ,IT IS NOT AT ALL SURPRIS+ ?AT ?OSE BRAN*ES TO :OM ! G5]ALLY HUMANIT>IAN SOCIALISM ( ,MORRIS WAS ! MO/ ATTRACTIVE FEATURE ( ! ,LEAGUE W\LD %R9K BACK SOME:AT FROM ?IS 'IRRELEVANT' & PASSIONATE CONFLICT4 ,SOME ( !M1 ,LE$S = EXAMPLE1 HAD QUIETLY LAPS$ AS BRAN*ES 9 ANY REAL S5SE BETWE5 ! #ahhg & #ahhh CONF]5CES4 ,= !M SY/EMATIC ELECTORAL ACTIVITY WAS AS YET UNCONSID]$ ON PRACTICAL RA!R ?AN IDEOLOGICAL GR\NDS4 ,!Y %>$ ,T>LETON'S OP9ION AT ! #ahhg CONF]5CE & 0OBJECT$ TO P>LIAM5T>Y ACTION BY A BODY ( #h4 ,P>TY ACTION .<HAD BE5.> DAMAG+ SO F> BECAUSE .<IT HAD BE5.> US$ BY ,CONS]VATIVES TO DAMAGE ,RADICALS40 ,YET :5 !RE SEEM$ TO BE REAL PROSPECTS ( SUCCESS 9 ELECTIONS ! BITT] DISPUTES ( ! #ahhh CONF]5CE W\LD BE REPEAT$ UP & D[N ! C\NTRY4 

,! CONF]5CE ( #ahhh LEFT ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE N[ COMPLETELY COMMITT$ TO AN ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y POLICY4 ,! SORDID TAIL 5D ( ! DISPUTE ) ! ,BLOOMSBURY BRAN* L+]$ ON = A FEW WEEKS1 BUT ! T5SION ( ?AT DISPUTE HAD LEFT ! ORGANIZATION4 ,MORRIS HAD PLA9LY FELT DISGU/$ ) ! :OLE ?+ EV5 BE=E BATTLE WAS JO9$4 ,BE=E ! CONF]5CE HE HAD WRITT53 0,PLA9LY SPEAK+1 ! %AD[ ( CORRUPTION :I* WE %\LD C]TA9LY TUMBLE 9TO IF WE BECAME ,P>L4 IS ALREADY ON US1 & !RE HAS BE5 A GREAT DEAL TOO MU* 9TRIGU+ GO+ ON40.<#a#c#b.> ,AFT] ! CONF]5CE HE )DREW TO A C]TA9 EXT5T & HIS LETT]S TAKE ON A GLOOMY TONE4 ,HE BEGAN 9CREAS+LY TO SEE HIMSELF \T ( ! MA9/REAM ( ACTIVITY & TO IMM]SE HIMSELF 9 LIT]>Y & O!R CREATIVE ACTIVITY4 ,BUT IF ! #ahhh CONF]5CE LEFT ,MORRIS FEEL+ RA!R FLAT IT WAS NOT A FEEL+ %>$ BY ! MAJORITY ( ! NEW ,C\NCIL4 ,?IS WAS N[ DOM9AT$ MORE OR LESS BY ! PROGRESSIVELY AN>*I/ GR\P ( ACTIVI/S 9CLUD+ ,KITZ1 ,LANE1 ,MA9W>+ & ,TO*ATTI4 ,! SECRET>Y ( ! ,LEAGUE WAS N[ ,*>LES1 :O HAD BE5 9 ,SWITZ]L& LOOK+ = EVID5CE AGA9/ ,PEUK]T AS A POLICE SPY4 ,LANE HAD P]SUAD$ HIM TO /& ON HIS RETURN4 ,IT %\LD BE /RESS$ ?AT ?IS GR\P DID NOT HAVE A POLICY ( TAK+ OV] ! ,LEAGUE -- 0!RE W]E NO DEF9ITE PLANS TO ALT] ! ,LEAGUE OR MAKE IT MORE ,AN>*I/ BUT AGITAT+ ALWAYS TO KEEP IT TO ITS MANIFE/O10 ,*>LES WAS REPORT$ AS SAY+ MANY YE>S LAT]4.<#a#c#c.> 

,?IS W\LD SEEM TO BE FLATLY CONTRADICT$ BY ,MORRIS WRIT+ 9 ,DECEMB] #a#h#h#h3 0!RE SEEMS TO BE A CURSE ( QU>REL+ UPON US4 ,! ,AN>*I/ ELEM5T 9 US SEEM DET]M9$ TO DRIVE ?+S TO EXTREMITY & BREAK US UP IF WE DO NOT DECL>E = ,AN>*Y -- :I* ,I = ONE WILL NOT DO40 ,YET ! REAL CAUSE ( ! CURSE ( QU>REL+ IS REVEAL$ LAT] 9 ! SAME LETT]4 ,! ,HAMM]SMI? BRAN*1 HE SAYS1 IS 0GETT+ 9TO BAD ODOR ) SOME ( \R FI]C] FRI5DS1 ,I ?9K PR9CIPALLY BECAUSE IT TACITLY & 9/9CTIVELY TRIES TO KEEP UP ! FIR/ IDEA ( ! ,LEAGUE1 ! MAK+ ( G5U9E CONV9C$ ,SOCIALI/S )\T REF]5CE TO PASS+ EXIG5CIES ( TACTICS1 :E!R !Y TAKE ! =M ( ATTACK+ 7OR RUNN+ AWAY FROM7 ! POLICE 9 ! /REETS1 OR RUNN+ A C&IDATE = ! S*OOL BO>D 4440.<#a#c#d.> ,MORRIS APP>5TLY DID NOT SEE ?AT BY ?IS TIME ONE MAN'S REFUSAL TO TAKE ACC\NT ( 0PASS+ EXIG5CIES ( TACTICS0 C\LD BE ANO!R ANTI-P>LIAM5T>IAN'S )DRAWAL FROM ! FRAY4 ,! EV5TS ( ! YE>S #ahhh TO #ahi W]E SUMM$ UP FROM ! LATT] PO9T ( VIEW BY ,FRANK ,KITZ3 

,!RE EXI/$ 9 ! ,LEAGUE ITSELF OPPOS+ ELEM5TS :I* EV5TUALLY L$ TO ITS DISRUPTION4 ,! M]ELY NEGATIVE POLICY ( ,ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>IANISM C\LD BE 5DUR$ BY ! ,WE/ ,5D BRAN*ES1 ( :I* ,HAMM]SMI? WAS ! /RONGE/1 & 9 :I* ,MORRIS'S P]SONALITY WAS DOM9ANT3 BUT ! ,EA/ ,5D COMRADES1 CONFRONT$ BY A FI]CE /RUGGLE = EXI/5CE & 9 ! MID/ ( GIGANTIC ,LABOR CONFLICTS1 DRIFT$ T[>DS A DEF9ITELY ,AN>*I/ ATTITUDE4 ,A QUANTITY ( 9K HAS BE5 %$ OV] ! QUE/ION ( ! SPLIT BETWE5 ! ,WE/ & ,EA/ ,5D BRAN*ES :I* CAUS$ ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,LEAGUE2 BUT ! TEMP]AM5TAL DIFF]5CES HAVE ALWAYS BE5 IGNOR$4 ,MANY ( ! ,WE/ ,5D MEMB]S W\LD HAVE F\ND A MORE SUITABLE 5VIRONM5T & ME?OD ( EXPOSITION ( !IR IDEAL )9 ! RANKS ( ! ,I4,L4,P4 OR ! ,FABIAN ,SOCIETY2 & 444 IT WAS ONLY ,MORRIS'S P]SONALITY :I* CAUS$ !M TO GIVE LIP S]VICE TO OP9IONS FROM :I* MANY ( !M HAVE N[ SEC$$4 ,!Y SEEM$ TO BE AFFLICT$ ) ! TIMIDITY ( ANEMIC RESPECTABILITY4.<#a#c#e.> 

,! POSITION ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE 9 ! FIR/ YE>S ( ITS EXI/5CE HAS (T5 BE5 CALL$ 'PURI/'4 ,BUT ITS PURISM CAN BE SE5 9 TWO WAYS3 ONE1 AS AN $UCATIONAL PROPAG&A SPEAK+ TO WORK+-CLASS MOVEM5TS1 ) :I* IT IS NOT 9VOLV$1 FROM ! \TSIDE2 ! O!R1 AS ! SIMPLE RECOGNITION ?AT POSSIBLE AV5UES ( RE=M FROM ELECTORAL ACTIVITY TO TRADES UNIONISM DO NOT IMPLY ! FUNDAM5TAL *ANGES ?AT !IR SOCIALISM DEM&$4 ,! QUE/ION H]E IS ONE ( EMPHASIS4 ,$UCATIONAL PROPAG&A ALONE IMPLIES A DELIB]ATELY )DRAWN POSITION :I* (T5 EXPRESSES ITSELF AS A SUP]IOR DEFEATISM4 ,SUSPICION ( RE=M DRESS$ UP AS REVOLUTION ON ! O!R H&1 MEANS A DIFF]5T K9D ( 9VOLVEM5T OR PROPAG&A4 ,EV]Y MEMB] ( ! ,LEAGUE ON ! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y SIDE CAN BE ACCUS$ ( '$UCATIONAL DEFEATISM' 9 ! E>LY YE>S4 ,YET ! CLASS W> HOTT$ UP AS ! #a#h#hS DREW TO A CLOSE1 & IT BECAME IMPOSSIBLE = SOME PEOPLE 9 ! ,LEAGUE TO 9SI/ ?AT !RE C\LD BE NO SOCIALI/ ACTION )\T SOCIALI/ !ORY4 ,! UNEMPLOYM5T BATTLES ( #ahhg & ! 9DU/RIAL /RUGGLES FROM #ahhi ONW>DS SEEM$ TO HAVE SOME?+ ( ! /UFF ( REVOLUTION AB\T !M4 ,IT BECAME IMPOSSIBLE = ! ACTIVI/S TO /& ASIDE4 ,= !M SOCIALISM BECAME SOME?+ ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS LE>N$ 9 ACTION \T ( ! PRACTICAL EXP]I5CE ( SOLID>ITY & CONFRONTATION4 ,! NEW CONFLICT 9 ! ,LEAGUE WAS OV] ! QUE/ION ( :E!R ACTION OR !ORY CAME FIR/4 

,9 ! E>LY P>T ( #a#h#h#h1 JU/ BE=E & AFT] ! CONF]5CE1 ,LANE & ,*>LES W]E PREP>+ = A MASSIVE EF=T TO PROPAG&IZE ! ,EA/ ,5D ( ,LONDON4 ,!IR 9T5TIONS W]E DESCRIB$ AS FOLL[S3 

,! ,EA/ ,5D BRAN*ES ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE & \R =EIGN COMRADES AT ! ,B]N] ,/REET & ,PR9CESS ,SQU>E ,CLUBS HAVE JU/ =M$ !MSELVES 9TO ! ,EA/ ,5D ,SOCIALI/ ,PROPAG&A ,COMMITTEE & >E COMM5C+ A SY/EMATIC DI/RIBUTION FROM H\SE TO H\SE 9 ALL ! /REETS1 LANES1 ETC4 ( LEAFLETS1 PAMPHLETS 7:I* >E LEFT 9 ! H\SES ( ONE /REET ONE WEEK1 !N CALL$ = & TAK5 TO ANO!R /REET ! FOLL[+ WEEK7 & O!R LIT]ATURE AS WELL AS PA/+ UP LEAFLETS1 BILLS1 ETC4 ON ! WALLS1 HO>D+S1 LAMP-PO/S1 *UR* NOTICEBO>DS & O!R SIMIL>LY AVAILABLE PLACES4 ,!Y HAVE BESIDES COMM5C$ HOLD+ REGUL> OP5-AIR MEET+S AT AB\T #b PLACES 9 ! DI/RICT4 444 ,9 VIEW ( ! ?REAT5$ ANTI-=EIGN] AGITATION !Y SPECIFICALLY APPEAL = ! ASSI/ANCE ( ! =EIGN COMRADES 9 ,LONDON TO %[ ?AT !Y >E NOT ! 5EMIES ( ! ,5GLI% WORK] BUT COMRADES WORK+ ) !M = ! EMANCIPATION ( LABOR ! WORLD OV]4.<#a#c#f.> 

,?IS CAMPAIGN REPRES5TS SOME?+ ( ! 5]GIES RELEAS$ AT ! 5D ( ! UNPR(ITABLE DISPUTE ) ! ,BLOOMSBURYITES4 ,9 E>LY ,JUNE !Y HAD SURPASS$ !IR PROJECT$ TW5TY SPEAK+ PIT*ES & HAD MANAG$ TO MAN TW5TY-SEV5 9 A WEEK4 ,!Y HAD DRA/ICALLY OV]EXT5D$ !MSELVES1 H[EV]1 & BY ,AUGU/ & ,SEPTEMB] ! ,EA/ ,5D PIT*ES HAD %RUNK TO T5 P] WEEK4 ,MORRIS WAS DESCRIB+ ! AGITATION AS A FAILURE BY ?IS TIME1 :I* WAS BO? TRUE & A LITTLE UNFAIR3 ,LANE1 :O WAS UND\BT$LY ! >*ITECT ( ! ,EA/ ,5D ,PROPAG&A ,COMMITTEE1 WAS 9 ILL-HEAL? & WAS TO BE PREV5T$ !REBY FROM TAK+ ANY ACTIVE P>T 9 ! ,LEAGUE FROM ?AT PO9T ON4 7,HE WAS EV5TUALLY TO LEAVE ! ,LEAGUE 9 #ahhi AFT] A SILLY SQUABBLE ) ,SP>L+47 ,*>LES LEFT ,LONDON & A NUMB] ( O!R PEOPLE :O W]E ACTIVE LEFT ! ,EA/ ,5D DI/RICTS4 ,& AS ,MORRIS HAD ALREADY SAID 9 ,JULY1 0! :OLE ( ! WORK 9 ,LONDON IS N[ ON ! %\LD]S ( ! SECTION ( PR9CIPLE40.<#a#c#g.> 

,! PROPAG&A EF=T ( ! ,LEAGUE WAS GREATLY 5HANC$ BE=E ! 5D ( #ahhh BY ! VISIT ( ,LUCY ,P>SONS -- ! WID[ ( ,ALB]T ,P>SONS1 HANG$ 9 ,*ICAGO4 ,%E HAD BE5 AN ACTIVE PROPAG&I/ BO? BE=E & AFT] ! JUDICIAL MURD] ( H] HUSB& & HAD BE5 9VOLV$ 9 ! RE/>T+ ( ,P>SONS'S PAP]1 ! ,AL>M4 ,?IS WAS BE+ DI/RIBUT$ 9 ,5GL& BY ! ,LEAGUE & AN 9T]NAL CIRCUL> FROM ! ,C\NCIL 9 ,JULY WAS URG+ BRAN*ES TO ORD] IT AT ONCE4 ,BY ,SEPTEMB] ! ,EA/ ,5D ,PROPAG&A ,COMMITTEE WAS CALL+ ON ! ,C\NCIL TO BR+ ,MRS ,P>SONS TO ,5GL& = ! COMMEMORATION MEET+S PLANN$ = ! ,*ICAGO M5 & ! VICTIMS ( ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY 9 ,NOVEMB]4 ,%E CAME & MADE A /RONG IMPRESSION BO? AT H] ,LONDON MEET+S & ON H] PROV9CIAL T\R1 :I* WAS ALSO >RANG$ BY ! ,LEAGUE4 ,%E WAS NO PA!TIC1 SORR[-/RUCK VICTIM4 ,%E CAME AS A PROPAG&I/ TO :OM TRAG$Y HAD GIV5 A /RONG] VOICE4 ,H] VISIT1 MORE ?AN ANY O!R FACTOR1 ACCEL]AT$ ! DRIFT T[>DS A 0DEF9ITELY ,AN>*I/ ATTITUDE0 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,BUT EV5 )\T H] AID ?IS PROCESS WAS WELL UND] WAY 9 #a#h#h#h4 ,! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P W]E HOLD+ REGUL> PUBLIC DISCUSSION MEET+S 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE ,HALL1 ,F>R+DON ,/REET1 :I* C]TA9LY ATTRACT$ A NUMB] ( ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE MEMB]S4 ,AP>T FROM COOP]ATION ) ! ,B]N] ,/REET CLUB 7:OSE MEMB]S W]E MA9LY ,JEWI% AN>*I/S7 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D ,PROPAG&A ,COMMITTEE1 ! ,B]N] ,/REET CLUB WAS ALSO ! MEET+-PLACE ( ! ,HACKNEY BRAN* ( ! ,LEAGUE4 ,SIMIL>LY ! ,NOR? ,LONDON BRAN* MET AT ! ,AUTONOMIE ,CLUB1 AN AN>*I/ C5T] ) MA9LY ,G]MAN & ,FR5* MEMB]S4 

,! 9CREAS+ AN>*I/ 9FLU5CE DID NOT1 AS ,GLASI] SL&]\SLY ASS]TS1 LEAD ! ,LEAGUE 9TO ! PA?S ( SLOPPY 9COMPET5CE4.<#a#c#h.> ,*>LES1 IT WAS TRUE1 PROV$ A FAILURE AS A SECRET>Y1 YET ,KITZ TOOK OV] ?IS POSITION LAT] 9 #ahhh & PROV$ VA/LY MORE EFFECTIVE4 ,HE HAD PROV$ HIS ORGANIZATIONAL /AM9A 9 ! LATT] P>T ( #ahhg & 9 ! E>LY P>T ( #ahhh :5 HE HAD BE5 /UMP+ R\ND ,LONDON ATTEMPT+ TO BOO/ ! SALE ( ,COMMONWEAL ?R\< RETAIL %OPS4 ,! ,WAYS & ,MEANS ,COMMITTEE HAD TAK5 OV] ! PR9T+ ( ! PAP] & W]E ABLE TO SIGNIFICANTLY CUT PRODUCTION CO/S4 ,! CIRCULATION ( ! PAP] HAD FALL5 AFT] ! CONF]5CE 7ITS CIRCULATION JU/ BE=E HAD RIS5 TO #b1#f1 L>GELY AS A RESULT ( ,KITZ'S EF=TS7 & CONT9U\S EF=T WAS NE$$ TO TRY & BOO/ CIRCULATION4 ,FIVE ?\S& COPIES W]E ORD]$ = ! ,*ICAGO ,M>TYRS_/,BLOODY ,SUNDAY MEET+S1 BUT G5]ALLY ! SALE REMA9$ /ATIC AT SOME:]E JU/ OV] #b14 ,! PROBLEM WAS P>TLY ! PAP] ITSELF1 :I* WAS RA!R DULL1 REFLECT+ ITS $ITOR'S RA!R )DRAWN & GLOOMY MOOD4 ,A NOTICEABLE BRI<T5+ ( ! PAP] TOOK PLACE :5 ,DAVID ,NICOLL BECAME CO$ITOR 7) ,SP>L+ & ,MORRIS7 AFT] ! #ahhi CONF]5CE4 ,?IS CONF]5CE REFLECT$ ! FACT ?AT ! ,LEAGUE WAS N[ ALMO/ COMPLETELY AN AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION -- EXCEPT = ! DELEGATES FROM ! ,HAMM]SMI? BRAN* ALL ! #ahhi C\NCIL MEMB]S W]E AT SOME PO9T TO BE ID5TIFI$ ) ! AN>*I/ POSITION4 

,?R\<\T ! E>LI] P>T ( #ahhi A DISCUSSION ON AN>*ISM BETWE5 COMMITT$ AN>*I/S WAS PR9T$ 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL4 ,! BONE ( CONT5TION WAS 9DIVIDUAL LIB]TY & ! VOLUNT>Y PR9CIPLE4 ,! CONTRIBUTIONS ( ! AN>*I/S W]E OV]-AB/RACT & WILLFUL 9 COMP>ISON ) ,MORRIS'S DET]M9$ ATTEMPTS AT CL>ITY4 ,! AN>*I/S 9SI/$ TOO MU* ON PHILOSOPHICAL PR9CIPLE & NOT 5\< ON SOCIAL PRACTICE4 ,MORRIS WROTE3 0,I AM NOT PLEAD+ = ANY =M ( >BITR>Y OR UNREASONABLE AU?ORITY1 BUT = A PUBLIC CONSCI5CE AS A RULE ( ACTION3 & BY ALL MEANS LET US HAVE ! LEA/ POSSIBLE EX]CISE ( AU?ORITY4 ,I SUSPECT ?AT MANY ( \R ,COMMUNI/-,AN>*I/ FRI5DS DO REALLY MEAN ?AT1 :5 !Y PRON\NCE AGA9/ ALL AU?ORITY40.<#a#c#i.> ,! AN>*I/S ,H4 ,DAVIS & ,JAMES ,BLACKWELL W]E TOO READY TO TAKE ISSUE ) ,MORRIS'S PHRASE '! LEA/ POSSIBLE EX]CISE ( AU?ORITY'1 FAIL+ TO SEE ?AT ! 'PUBLIC CONSCI5CE' HE PROPOS$ AS ! BASIS ( COMMUNISM WAS ! CULM9ATION ( ! VOLUNT>Y PR9CIPLE 9 A SOCIETY :]E IT HAD BECOME CU/OM & HABIT4 ,IF ,MORRIS *OSE TO CALL ?AT A SITUATION :]E AU?ORITY WAS EX]CIS$ !N ! DISPUTE WAS SEMANTIC4 

,! EV5TS ( ! SUMM] & AUTUMN ( #ahhi W]E TO CURE MANY ( !M FROM OV]-AB/RACT PHILOSOPHIZ+4 ,MANY ( ! ,LEAGUE AN>*I/S W]E EXP]I5C$ 9 POLITICAL PROPAG&A & CONFRONTATION ) 'LAW & ORD]' ON ! /REETS1 YET !IR EXP]I5CE UNTIL ! E>LY P>T ( #ahhi HAD BE5 ( DIFFICULT WORK1 9*+ ITSELF =W>D4 ,TO BE SURE ! UNEMPLOY$ 9 #ahhg HAD %[N !MSELVES 9 A PUGNACI\S MOOD & !IR CLA%ES ) ! POLICE HAD BE5 SPECTACUL>4 ,BUT !IR /RUGGLE1 />T+ ) DEM&S = MA9T5ANCE1 HAD BE5 R$UC$ TO A DEF5SIVE BATTLE TO KEEP ! RI<T ( ASSEMBLY1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ,TRAFALG> ,SQU>E4 ,& !Y HAD LO/ ?AT BATTLE4 ,?US :5 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE MILITANTS & AN>*I/S FROM O!R ,5GLI% GR\P+S 7,JAMES ,BLACKWELL WAS RECRUIT$ FROM ! ,S4,D4,F4 BY ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P7 TALK$ ( REVOLUTION & ! FUTURE SOCIETY !Y W]E TALK+ ( SOME?+ :I* HAD NO BASIS 9 ACTION >\ND !M4 ,9EVITABLY !IR TALK WAS AB/RACT1 ?\< IT NE$ NOT HAVE BE5 AS AB/RACT AS IT WAS4 ,! 9DU/RIAL BATTLES FROM ! SUMM] ONW>DS1 H[EV]1 PROVID$ AN 5VIRONM5T & EXAMPLE ( AGGRESSIVE ORGANIZ+ BY ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,H]E AT LA/ WAS ! SPONTANE\S UPSURGE ) ITS SOLID>ITY & MUTUAL AID :I* !Y HAD PR$ICT$ & HOP$ =4 ,IF ! UPSURGE TURN$ \T TO BE MORE CONTA9ABLE & CO-OPTABLE ?AN !Y HAD HOP$ IT WAS A REVELATION & LESSON :I* W\LD HAVE TO BE CONFRONT$ LAT]4 

,! IMPACT ( ! /RIKES ( #ahhi WAS CLE>LY P[]FUL4 ,9 ,JUNE-,JULY ! ,LONDON GASWORK]S ORGANIZ$ 9 A UNION :I* HAD ONLY BE5 />T$ 9 ,M>* ( ! SAME YE> & MANAG$ TO =CE A R$UCTION ( H\RS FROM TWELVE TO EI<T ON !IR EMPLOY]S )\T A /RIKE4 ,IT WAS AN EXAMPLE :I* PROV$ 9FECTI\S4 ,A /RIKE 9 ! ,S\?-,WE/ ,9DIA ,DOCK BY A SMALL NUMB] ( M5 OV] A WAGE DEM& ON #a#c? ,AUGU/ SP>K$ (F A /RIKE 9 ! :OLE ( ,LONDON'S DOCKL&4 ,ITS BEG9N+S W]E QUITE SPONTANE\S1 ?\< ! /RIK]S V]Y QUICKLY CAME TO RELY ON ,B5 ,TILLETT1 ! SECRET>Y ( A SMALL DOCK UNION1 & O!R ORGANIZ]S HE BR\<T 91 NOTABLY ,TOM ,MANN & ,JOHN ,BURNS4 ,! EXAMPLE ( ! DOCK /RIKE 9SPIR$ O!R WORK]S1 FIR/ ?OSE ) SOME CONNECTION ) ! DOCKS & !N O!RS1 TO SIMIL>LY /RIKE = 9CREAS$ WAGES OR %ORT] H\RS4 0,COAL PORT]S & C>-M51 PR9T]S LABOR]S1 IRON WORK]S1 T9-PLATE WORK]S1 ROPE MAK+ & JAM FACTORY GIRLS1 TOBACCO WORK]S1 ORANGE PORT]S1 C&LEMAK]S1 TAILORS1 BRICKLAY]S & !IR LABOR]S1 BASKET MAK]S1 *EMICAL WORKS EMPLOYES1 SCREW MAK]S & O!R WORK]S CEAS$ WORK40.<#a#d.> ,! ATMOSPH]E 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D WAS ELECTRIC4 ,! >EA WAS 9 A /ATE ( NE> G5]AL /RIKE & TO SOME ( ! ,LEAGU]S IT SEEM$ ?AT ,LONDON WAS ON ! V]GE ( REVOLUTION4 ,DAVID ,NICOLL WROTE3 0,! CRY IS /ILL !Y COME6 ,! WORK]S >E P\R+ BY ?\S&S FROM !IR WORK%OPS -- PR9T]S1 LABOR]S & BRASS F9I%]S4 ,! COAL HEAV]S LEAVE !IR Y>D 9 RESPONSE TO ! %\TS ( !IR COMRADES4 ,B&S ( !M >E M>*+ R\ND ! ,NOR!RN SUBURBS TURN+ \T ! M5 AT EV]Y Y>D4 ,! POLICE >E P[]LESS40.<#a#d#a.> 

,HE DESCRIB$ ! ALMO/ C>NIVAL ATMOSPH]E 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D4 0,I SAW A R+ ( FACTORY GIRLS AT ! GATES ( A ROPE FACTORY P]=M+ A ,C>MAGNOLE DANCE1 OCCASIONALLY BUMP+ AGA9/ ! GATES AS IF ) ! 9T5TION ( =C+ !M 94 ,FUR!R D[N !Y W]E BR++ \T M51 BOYS & GIRLS FROM A BISCUIT FACTORY1 A GOOD HUMOR$ CR[D /&+ AT ! DOOR LAU<+ & *AFF+ ! /RIK]S 9 A MO/ FRAT]NAL MANN]4 444 ,I 5T]$ A QUIET /REET :]E !RE WAS ALREADY SOME APPE>ANCE ( F]M5TATION4 ,GA!R$ R\ND A SWEAT]S %OP WAS A L>GE CR[D2 ! %OP WAS GU>D$ BY A /RONG =CE ( POLICE1 :O W]E EVID5TLY APPREH5SIVE ( HAV+ !IR W9D[S BROK540 ,9 ! /REETS ! *ILDR5 W]E P>AD+ & PLAY+ AT /RIK]S4 7,!Y W]E LAT] TO /RIKE !MSELVES AT SEV]AL ,EA/ ,5D S*OOLS47 ,PROCESSIONS ( DOCK]S W]E TAK+ PLACE ?R\< ! ,CITY & DAILY MEET+S W]E BE+ HELD AT ,T[] ,HILL OR ,HYDE ,P>K4 ,O!R WORK]S1 TOO1 W]E P>AD+ 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D & NI<TLY VA/ MEET+S W]E HELD ON ,MILE ,5D ,WA/E4 ,/REETS NORMALLY GLOOMILY GASLIT & EMPTY AT ELEV5 O'CLOCK AT NI<T W]E N[ ABLAZE FROM LI<T FROM OP5 FRONT DOORS & EXCIT$ GR\PS 9 ! /REET W]E DISCUSS+ ! LATE/ NEWS -- & ! LATE/ RUMORS3 0',! TRAM M5 HAVE REVOLT$1 C>S HAVE BE5 LEFT ON ! ROAD \T ,B[ & ,BROMLEY WAY'2 ',RIOT+ HAS BROK5 \T1 ! DOCKS >E TO BE FIR$'2 ',! /RIK]S >E M>*+ TO ATTACK ! RAILWAY DEPOTS & TURN ! C>M5 \T'2 ',DEPT=D MEAT M>KET IS 9 ! H&S ( ! 9SURG5TS :O WON'T ALL[ ,LONDON TO BE F$4' 444 ,! ,EA/ ,5D IS LIKE ,P>IS 9 ! FIR/ REVOLUTION40.<#a#d#b.> 

,! ORGANIZATION ( PICKET+ WAS EFFECTIVE AFT] A NUMB] ( BLACKLEGS W]E IMPORT$ BECAUSE ( ! OPPORTUNITY PROVID$ BY TOO MANY P>ADES4 ,! DOCK /RIKE WAS EFFECTIVE TOO ON ! LEVEL ( ITS SUPPLY L9ES1 0%[+ ! P[]S ( ! WORK+ M5 = ORGANIZ+ ! SUPPLY & DI/RIBUTION ( FOOD = A L>GE POPULATION ( /RIK]S0 AS ,KROPOTK9 LAT] NOT$4.<#a#d#c.> ,AS HAPP5S 9 MO/ /RIKES1 ! PAY+ ( R5T BECAME LESS ?AN A PRIORITY = ! /RIK]S -- & ! CRY ( ',NO ,R5T' WAS RAIS$ & MET ) SOME RESPONSE4 ,! /RIKE AT ONE PO9T ?REAT5$ TO ESCALATE FROM A VIRTUAL G5]AL /RIKE 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D TO A G5]AL /RIKE 9 ! :OLE ( ,LONDON -- BUT ! CALL = ?IS WAS )DRAWN ALMO/ AS SOON AS IT WAS ISSU$ BY ! ,/RIKE ,COMMITTEE4 ,IT WAS ?IS ?AT EXPLA9S ,KROPOTK9'S LAT] 7PRIVATE7 ACCUSATIONS ( C[>DICE AGA9/ ,BURNS 9 ! FACE ( A POT5TIAL REVOLUTION4 ,KROPOTK9 HAD MISJUDG$ NEI!R ! MOOD ( ! TIME NOR HAD HE MISJUDG$ ! DEP5D5CE ( ! /RIK]S ON !IR LEAD]S = ! NEXT /EP TO BE TAK54 ,! CRISIS PO9T PASS$4 ,! $GE ( DESP]ATION 9 ! /RIKE WAS TAK5 AWAY BY A MASSIVE 9FLUX ( FUNDS FROM ,AU/RALIA 9 SUPPORT ( ! /RIK]S4 ,! $GE ( CLASS CONFLICT WAS BLUNT$ BY ! GOOD (FICES ( ,C>D9AL ,MANN+ & ! ,LORD ,MAYOR ( ,LONDON4 ,F9ALLY ! DEM& = ! 'DOCK]'S TANN]' -- SIXP5CE AN H\R -- WAS MET BY ! EMPLOY]S & ! M5 RETURN$ TO WORK4 ,ONCE !Y W]E BACK ! EMPLOY]S BEGAN /EADILY TO *IP AWAY AT EV]Y CONDITION !Y HAD AGRE$ TO4 ,! MANY SMALL /RIKES :I* HAD ACCOMPANI$ ! BIG DOCK /RIKE W]E TO SUFF] A SIMIL> FATE4 ,BURNS1 MEAN:ILE1 HAD ALREADY GOT HIMSELF ELECT$ TO ! NEW ,LONDON ,C\NTY ,C\NCIL & WAS BEG9N+ A POLITICAL C>E] :I* WAS TO EV5TUALLY GA9 HIM A ,CAB9ET PLACE 9 A ,LIB]AL GOV]NM5T4 

,:ILE ! DOCK /RIKE WAS AT ITS HEI<T1 SOCIALI/S HAD BE5 V]Y ACTIVE4 ,FRE$OM REM>K$3 0,ONE ( ! MO/ SATISFACTORY FEATURES ( ! AGITATION WAS ! APP>5T DISAPPE>ANCE ( ! V>I\S ,SOCIALI/ BODIES AS SU*4 ,! NAMES ( ORGANIZATIONS SELDOM TRANSPIR$ BUT ,SOCIALISM & ,SOCIALI/S W]E EV]Y:]E4 444 ,POLITICAL HUMBUG DISAPPE>$ FROM ! ,SOCIALI/ PROGRAM AS SOON AS \R COMRADES 9 ! V>I\S SOCIETIES F\ND !MSELVES FACE TO FACE ) A LIVE WORK]S MOVEM5T40.<#a#d#d.> ,PE>SON1 ,BLACKWELL & ,TURN] FROM ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P W]E ACTIVE SPEAK]S -- ! FIR/ NAM$ BE+ ANO!R RECRUIT FROM ! ,S4,D4,F4 ,FROM ! ,LEAGUE1 ,KITZ1 ,M[BRAY1 ,NICOLL1 ,BROOKES & ,W4,B4 ,P>K] 0ADDRESS$ L>GE MEET+S & TONS ( LIT]ATURE & LEAFLETS HAVE BE5 DI/RIBUT$4 ,MORE WORK C\LD BE DONE BUT FUNDS >E LACK+40.<#a#d#e.> ,9 ONE S5SE !SE PEOPLE W]E T\RI/S1 ADVOCAT+ POLICIES FROM \TSIDE ! /RUGGLE4 ,IT IS TO BE EXPECT$ ?AT ! NECESSITY = REVOLUTION AS OPPOS$ TO 'M]E PALLIATIVES' W\LD BE /RESS$1 AS TOO W\LD ! NECESSITY = ! PREP>ATIVE G5]AL /RIKE4 ,?IS '\TSID5ESS' IS /RESS$ BY A NOTE :I* APPE>$ 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL 9 REPLY TO 9QUIRIES & :I* SAID ?AT ( C\RSE MEMB]S ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE C\LD TAKE P>T 9 /RIKES1 BUT !Y %\LD NOT BECOME SO 9VOLV$ 9 SU* /RUGGLES AS TO =GET !IR REVOLUTION>Y PROPAG&A4 

,IT IS WOR? EXAM9+ A LITTLE MORE CLOSELY ! MESSAGE ?AT WAS BE+ PREA*$4 ,JOHN ,TURN]1 9 A DEBATE ) ,H]B]T ,BURR[S ( ! ,S4,D4,F4 ON ',AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM V]SUS ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY'1 \TL9$ SOME?+ ( ! AN>*I/ APPROA*4 ,CRITICIZ+ ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATS = ADVOCAT+ PALLIATIVES & AT ! SAME TIME 0CONT9U\SLY WRIT+ & SPEAK+ TO ! EFFECT ?AT !SE PALLIATIVES1 IF PUT 9TO OP]ATION TOMORR[ W\LD BE ( LITTLE USE 44410 HE GOES ON TO SAY3 

,WE ,AN>*I/S HAVE A L9E TO WORK UPON1 TO TEA* ! PEOPLE SELF-RELIANCE1 TO URGE !M TO TAKE P>T 9 NONPOLITICAL MOVEM5TS DIRECTLY />T$ BY !MSELVES = !MSELVES4 444 ,LOOK AT ! /RIKE N[ 9 PROGRESS4 ,:5 ! ,AN>*I/S HAVE SAID ?AT AS SOON AS ! PEOPLE LE>N TO RELY UPON !MSELVES !Y WILL ACT = !MSELVES )\T WAIT+ = P>LIAM5T1 IT HAS BE5 DISREG>D$4 ,BUT !IR WORDS HAVE COME TRUE4 ,WE HAVE AN EXAMPLE ( ?IS TRU? 9 ,LONDON N[4 ,! /RIKE HAS GONE UPON ! OLD ,TRADE ,UNION L9ES BUT HAD IT />T$ ON ! L9ES ( EXPROPRIATION1 :O KN[S H[ RAPIDLY IT MI<T HAVE SPREAD4 ,WE TEA* ! PEOPLE TO PLACE !IR FAI? 9 !MSELVES1 WE GO ON ! L9ES ( SELF-HELP4 ,WE TEA* !M TO =M !IR [N COMMITTEES ( MANAGEM5T1 TO REPUDIATE !IR MA/]S1 TO DESPISE ! LAWS ( ! C\NTRY -- !SE >E ! L9ES :I* WE ,AN>*I/S 9T5D TO WORK ALONG4 ,LET !M1 IF !Y WILL1 COMM5CE BY CLAIM+ ! RI<T TO ELECT !IR [N =EM54 ,?IS V]Y DAY ,I HAVE SUGGE/$ TO ! M5 ON /RIKE ?AT ! TRADE UNIONS %\LD TAKE OV] ! WORK RA!R ?AN ! CONTRACTORS4 ,!Y MI<T FOLL[ ?IS UP UNTIL !Y GRADUALLY GET CONTROL ( ! :OLE CONC]N1 & !Y W\LD F9D ! CAPITALI/S AS UNNECESS>Y AS MON>*S HAVE BE5 F\ND TO BE4.<#a#d#f.> 

,BUT IF ! AN>*I/ SPEAK]S W]E T\RI/S AS F> AS ! DOCK /RIKE ITSELF WAS CONC]N$1 !Y W]E 9CREAS+LY SPEAK+ AS P>TICIPANTS 9 O!R 9DU/RIAL /RUGGLES4 ,! PASS+ ( ! CRISIS 9 ! DOCK /RIKE BY NO MEANS /OPP$ ! GRUMBL+ LABOR W>4 ,?\< ! 5D+ ( ! DOCK /RIKE TOOK AWAY A C5TRAL FOCUS ( ACTIVITY1 DISPUTES1 BO? SMALL & L>GE1 CONT9U$ TO FL>E UP ?R\<\T #ahhi & #a#h#i4 ,! SUCCESSES ( ! ,GASWORK]S ,UNION & ! ,DOCK]S ,UNION 9SPIR$ IMITATION4 ,! ORGANIZATION NE>E/ TO ! DOCK WORK]S WAS ?AT ( ! C>M5 7C>T DRIV]S74 ,MANY ( !M HAD /RUCK DUR+ ! DOCK /RIKE 9 SYMPA?Y -- )\T ASSI/ANCE FROM ! /RIKE FUND1 BE IT NOT$4 ,AS A RESULT MANY ( !M W]E SACK$4 ,?IS PROVID$ ! IMPETUS TO =M A ,C>MAN'S ,UNION & ,COMMONWEAL REPORT$ ?AT 0N[ !Y HAVE !IR [N ORGANIZATION & >E W9N+ ALL ALONG ! L9E40.<#a#d#g.> ,ACTIVE 9 ?IS UNION WAS ,T$ ,LEGGATT1 AN AN>*I/ MEMB] ( ! ,/ ,GEORGE'S 9 ! ,EA/ BRAN* ( ! ,LEAGUE :O HAD BE5 BATT]$1 >RE/$ & JAIL$ ON ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY4 ,HE WAS LAT] TO BECOME ! UNION'S FULL-TIME ORGANIZ]4 ,M[BRAY WAS ACTIVE 9 ! TAILORS' /RIKES BO? 9 ! ,EA/ & ,WE/ ,5D4 ,HE WAS A LAY (FICIAL ( ! ,WE/ ,5D ,SOCIETY HIMSELF & HELP$ ! SWEAT$ ,JEWI% WORK]S 9 ! ,EA/ ,5D ?R\< HIS FRI5DS 9 ! ,B]N] ,/REET CLUB4 ,KITZ & ,REYNOLDS ( ! ,M]TON BRAN*1 W]E ACTIVE 9 ORGANIZ+ C>M51 LABOR]S & LAUNDRY WOM5 9TO A SMALL ,SURREY ,LABOR]S ,UNION4 ,A H&BILL ISSU$ 9 ,OCTOB] #ahhi ADV]TIS$ ITS 9T5TIONS 0TO OBTA9 %ORT] H\RS & ADVANCE ! WAGES ( ! WORK+ M5 ( ,SURREY0 & TO =M A BRAN* 9 ,CROYDON 9 ADDITION TO ?OSE ALREADY =M$ AT ,MIT*AM1 ,/REA?AM & ,M]TON4.<#a#d#h.> ,9 ,WE/ ,LONDON1 ,TO*ATTI & ,LYNE ( ! ,FULHAM BRAN*1 TOGE!R ) ,JACK ,WILLIAMS ( ! ,S4,D4,F41 W]E ACTIVE ORGANIZ]S & '\TSIDE AGITATORS' DUR+ A /RIKE AT ,?ORNYCR(T'S FACTORY4 ,ALSO ACTIVE 9 ,WE/ ,LONDON WAS A ,%OP ,ASSI/ANTS ,UNION =M$ BY ,TURN] & O!RS4 

,NOBLY ACTIVE 9 ?IS UNION WAS ,$I? ,LUPTON :O W\LD TAKE A JOB1 SIGN UP ! ASSI/ANTS WORK+ !RE1 RESIGN & TAKE A JOB SOME:]E ELSE4 7,%E REMA9$ ACTIVE 9 ! UNION UNTIL LATE 9 #ahi :5 %E WAS ORGANIZ+ A LAUNDRY WOM5'S CO-OP47 ,SAMUELS WAS 9 ,LE$S ORGANIZ+ TAILOR+ & SLIPP] WORK]S4 ,!SE >E ! MORE PROM95T EXAMPLES1 IT IS TO BE EXPECT$ ?AT EV]Y TRADES UNION MEMB] ( ! ,LEAGUE W\LD TAKE P>T 9 DISPUTES 9 HIS TRADE4 

,SO ! ,LEAGUE AN>*I/S & ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P ACTIVI/S W]E BY NO MEANS \TSIDE ! LABOR ORGANIZATION ( ! TIME & TOOK AN ACTIVE P>T 9 EV]Y PHASE ( ITS DEVELOPM5T4 ,!RE WAS NO D\BT ?AT !IR UNWILL+NESS TO COMMIT !MSELVES TOTALLY TO TRADES UNION WORK MADE !M LESS PROM95T ?AN ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATS -- )\T GO+ FUR!R 9TO ! >EA ( 9VIDI\S P]SONAL COMP>ISONS4 ,!IR RES]VATIONS AB\T TRADES UNION ACTIVITIES W]E EXPRESS$ 9 PHRASES :I* 9DICAT$ ?AT ! AN>*I/S DID NOT ?9K !M REVOLUTION>Y 5\<1 EV5 ?\< !Y MI<T BE 0PALLIATIVES 9 ! RI<T DIRECTION10 AS ,FRE$OM PUT IT4 ,?IS LACK ( REVOLUTION>Y FIRE WAS (T5 BLAM$ ON ! P]SONAL C[>DICE ( ! LEAD]S4 ,AS IT RAPIDLY BECAME APP>5T ?AT !SE LEAD]S SAW ! NEXT /EP 9 T]MS ( ELECTORAL ACTIVITY1 ! ACCUSATIONS *ANG$ TO ?OSE ( P]SONAL AMBITION4 ,YET BEH9D ! P]SONAL ACCUSATIONS LAY H>DLY GRASP$ WORRIES ( A MORE G5]AL K9D4 ,!RE SEEM$ TO BE A CONNECTION BETWE5 OV]-PROM95T LEAD]S1 ELECTORAL PROCLIVITIES1 ! D5IAL ( REVOLUTION>Y AIMS & 9CREAS+LY EXCLUSIVE ATTITUDES )9 ! NEW TRADES UNIONS !MSELVES4 ,SOME ( !SE FACTORS C\LD BE FITT$ 9TO A G5]AL ANTI-ELECTION CRITIQUE1 BUT !RE W]E OBVI\SLY LOOSE 5DS :I* DID NOT FIT SO WELL4 

,:]E ! QUE/ION ( ELECTIONS WAS CONC]N$ ! PRONUNCIATIONS W]E CLE> & =?RI<T4 ,! ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y SOCIALI/S ( ! ,LEAGUE HAD ALWAYS SAID SOCIALISM & ELECTIONS DID NOT MIX4 ,) O!R MATT]S OBJECTIONS W]E MADE PIECEMEAL4 ,:5 ,JOHN ,BURNS />T$ D5\NC+ ! 0DEAD-BEATS & RIFF-RAFF0 :O HUNG R\ND ! DOCKS WAIT+ = ODD H\RS ( CASUAL WORK1 ! ,COMMONWEAL C\LD ONLY PUT ITS OBJECTIONS 9 NEGATIVE =M3 0,EMPHATICALLY1 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,SOCIALISM DOES NOT MEAN ! C>V+ \T ( A NEW CLOSE ORD] ( LABOR1 :I* WILL KICK ?OSE ALREADY D[N40.<#a#d#i.> ,GRADUALLY !RE BEGAN TO CREEP 9TO ! AN>*I/ PRESS ?R\< #ahi ! BEG9N+S ( CRITICISMS ( ! NEW UNION LEAD]%IPS AS A SOCIAL PH5OM5ON RA!R ?AN AS A COLLECTION ( C[>DLY OR AMBITI\S M54 ,! NOTES ( ! ,COMMONWEAL 9 ,DECEMB] #ahi >E 9T]E/+ H]E4 ,TOM ,MANN & ! O!R DOCK]S' (FICIALS >E DESCRIB$ AS 'BUREAUCRATS' :O >E KEEP+ AN EXCLUSIVE GRIP ON DECISION-MAK+ 9 ! UNION1 0IT SEEMS ?AT !SE SUP]IOR P]SONS HAVE A 'PLAN' :I* !Y WILL NOT ALL[ MORE IMPETU\S -- NOT TO SAY 5]GETIC -- W>RIORS TO 9T]F]E )40 ,& SIMULTANE\SLY !SE (FICIALS W]E BLAM+ SOME BRAN*ES = !IR APA?Y4 ,!RE WAS DISCONT5T 9 ! RANK & FILE & ,MANN HAD ATT5D$ A /ORMY MEET+ AT :I* /RONG COMPLA9TS W]E MADE ?AT UNION (FICIALS W]E ALO( & DIFFICULT TO CONTACT4 ,!SE >E /RANGELY MOD]N COMPLA9TS4 ,IT IS NO WAY CLAIM$ H[EV] ?AT SU* CRITICISMS W]E ! CORE ( ! AN>*I/ MISGIV+S AB\T ! NEW UNIONS4 

,9 ANY CASE ! MA9 CONC]N ( ! AN>*I/S WAS TO F9D ANSW]S TO ! MORE PRESS+ SOCIAL SITUATION1 & !IR CRITICISMS T5D$ TO BE A SP9(F FROM CONSID]ATION ( ! PRACTICAL PROBLEMS FAC+ ! WORK+-CLASS MOVEM5T4 ,BY ! SUMM] ( #ahi ALL ! HI< PROMISE ( ! PREVI\S YE> SEEM$ TO HAVE BECOME DISSIPAT$4 ,! NEW UNIONS W]E N[ MU* MORE ON ! DEF5SIVE4 ,OV] ! W9T] ( #a#h#h#i-#a#h#i ! ,GASWORK]S ,UNION HAD F\<T & LO/ TWO /RIKES1 ONE AT ! ,S\? ,METROPOLITAN ,GAS ,COMPANY & ANO!R AT A L>GE RUBB] FACTORY 9 ,WE/ ,HAM4 ,SIMIL>LY ! ,DOCK]S ,UNION HAD LO/ A FIVE-MON?S' /RIKE AT ,HAYS ,:>F :I* 5D$ 9 ,MAY #a#h#i4 ,ATTEMPTS TO ORGANIZE ! PO/M5 FAIL$ AFT] A DISA/R\S /OPPAGE4 ,\TSIDE ! CAPITAL1 DOCK]S W]E DEFEAT$ AT ,S\?AMPTON4 ,O!R ORGANIZATIONAL ATTEMPTS W]E BITT]LY F\<T & (T5 DEFEAT$4 ,TO %R9K BACK 9 ! FACE ( ?IS ONSLAU<T SEEM$ TO ! AN>*I/S TO BE A GRAVE MI/AKE4 ,!IR CONC]N WAS GIV5 GREAT] PO9T 9 ,JULY #a#h#i1 = !Y W]E ALREADY NOT+ ! E>LY-W>N+ SIGNS ( A NEW DEPRESSION ON ! WAY4 

,:ATEV] HAD TO BE DONE HAD TO BE DONE QUICKLY BE=E ! MASSES W]E AGA9 />V$ 9TO SUBMISSION4 ,! ,MAY ,DAY DEMON/RATIONS HAD %[N !M ! LESS ADV5TUR\S DIRECTION ! NEW UNIONS W]E TAK+4 ,\T ( TWO *AOTIC 9T]NATIONAL SOCIALI/ CONF]5CES 9 ,P>IS 9 LATE #a#h#h#i1 ONE CLE> PROPOSAL HAD EM]G$4 ,?IS WAS ?AT 9 PURSUIT ( ! EI<T-H\R DAY & 9 MEMORY ( ! ,*ICAGO ,M>TYRS AN 9T]NATIONAL ONE-DAY G5]AL /RIKE W\LD BE DECL>$ ON #a/ ,MAY4 ,9 ,5GL& ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE & ,JACK ,WILLIAMS'S ',F$]ATION ( ,TRADES & ,9DU/RIES' 7COMPOS$ ( A NUMB] ( SMALL NEW UNIONS7 W]E ! ONLY ORGANIZATIONS TO DECL>E = A /RIKE ON #a/ ,MAY #a#h#i4 ,! RE/ ( ! SOCIALI/ BODIES & ! L>G] NEW UNIONS HELD A M>* ON ! FOLL[+ ,SUNDAY1 #d? ,MAY4 ,! DIFF]5CE 9 ! WAY !SE TWO DEMON/RATIONS W]E TREAT$ WAS /RIK+4 ,! ,SUNDAY DEMON/RATION RECEIV$ EV]Y ASSI/ANCE FROM ! POLICE4 ,! SMALL] #a/ ,MAY M>*ES 7#a1 AS OPPOS$ TO #a17 W]E CONSID]ABLY H>ASS$4 ,AN ,EA/ ,5D CONT+5T WAS ATTACK$ 9 ,ALDGATE BY ! POLICE1 A ,FR5* CONT+5T FROM ,SOHO WAS AMBU%$ 9 ,/ ,M>T9'S ,LANE & WOM5 /RIK]S FROM AN 5VELOPE FACTORY ASSEMBL+ AT ,CL]K5WELL ,GRE5 = ! M>* W]E SIMIL>LY ATTACK$4 ,IT SEEM$ TO ! AN>*I/S ?AT ! MOVEM5T WAS BE+ SPLIT 9TO RESPECTABLE & DANG]\S SOCIALI/S1 & RESPECTABLE SOCIALI/S W\LD NEV] MAKE A REVOLUTION4 

,TO ! AN>*I/S IT SEEM$ IMP]ATIVE ?AT A NEW 9ITIATIVE %\LD BE TAK5 TO BR+ ! WORK]S BACK TO ! PIT* ( EXCITEM5T & ! S5SE ( POSSIBILITY ( ! SUMM] ( #a#h#h#i4 ,TO ?IS 5D TWO SMALL CONF]5CES1 ONE ( ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y SOCIALI/S 9 ,M>* & ANO!R ( 0,LONDON REVOLUTIONI/S0 9 ,JUNE1 PL$G$ !MSELVES TO PROPAG&IZE = AN 9T]NATIONAL G5]AL /RIKE & A UNIV]SAL R5T /RIKE4 ,!RE W]E FUR!R DISCUSSIONS ON ! ACTION TO BE TAK5 09 ! EV5T ( A CRISIS40 ,AT FIR/ ! DISCUSSIONS REPRES5T$ SOME?+ ( A PO/MORTEM ON ! #ahhi DOCK /RIKE1 :I* WAS N[ SE5 AS SOME?+ ( A LO/ *ANCE4 ,! ,5GLI% AN>*I/S W]E LAT] DESCRIB$ AS A SMALL GR\P ( 0FANATICAL 5?USIA/S 444 :O SP5D !IR TIME MA9LY 9 DEPLOR+ ! LO/ OPPORTUNITY ( ! ,DOCK ,/RIKE 4440.<#a#e.> ,! HOPES ?AT SU* A CRISIS MI<T PRES5T ITSELF AGA9 W]E GREATLY RAIS$ BY ! C\RSE TAK5 BY ! /ORMY & SUCCESSFUL ,LE$S GAS /RIKE1 :I* CULM9AT$ ) A MASSIVE RIOT ON #bND ,JULY4 ,! EV5TS W]E DESCRIB$ AS FOLL[S BY A P>TICIPANT3 

444! ,CITY ,GAS ,COMMITTEE DEM&$ ?AT !IR EMPLOYES %\LD 5GAGE !MSELVES = F\R MON?S AT A TIME1 HAV+ NO P[] TO /RIKE )9 ?AT P]IOD & ?AT ! /OK]S EI<T-H\R DAY %\LD BE 9CREAS$4 ,! M5 REFUS$ ! T]MS & W]E LOCK$ \T4 

,BLACKLEGS W]E IMPORT$ & FI]CE FI<T+ TOOK PLACE BETWE5 ! T[NSPEOPLE & ! MILIT>Y :O GU>D$ ! NEWCOM]S4 ,! GAS GAVE \T & = FIVE NI<TS ,LE$S WAS 9 COMPLETE D>KNESS4 

,HUNDR$S MORE POLICE & A REGIM5T ( CAVALRY W]E S5T =4 

,! CAVALRY TRI$ TO CONVEY FRE% BLACKLEGS ?R\< ! T[N1 BUT WAS TRAPP$ UND] A RAILWAY BRIDGE :I* WAS CRAWL+ ) FURI\S M5 & WOM54 ,ONE MOB FAC$ ! SOLDI]S AHEAD1 ANO!R P\R$ D[N ON !IR BEH9D2 & MEANTIME ! T[NSM5 ON ! BRIDGE LIT]ALLY PULL$ IT TO BITS ) !IR B>E H&S & HURL$ D[N TONS ( BRICKWORK1 /ONES & RUBBLE ON ! HELMET$ SOLDI]S & !IR /RUGGL+ HORSES4 

,SL[LY ! DEF5D]S W]E =C$ (F ! RU9$ BRIDGE2 BITT]LY ! /RUGGLE W5T ON 9 ! /REETS BEL[ TILL NI<TFALL & FOG BLOTT$ IT \T4 ,WOM5 FLUNG !MSELVES AGA9/ ! FLATT5$ SAB]S1 *ILDR5 /OOD ON ! \TSKIRTS ( ! :IRL+ CR[D & FLUNG /ONES 9TO IT AT EV]Y GLEAM ( A R$ JACKET4.<#a#e#a.> 

,IT WAS ?US ) NEW HOPE 9 ! HE>TS ( ! P>TICIPANTS ?AT A L>GE ,REVOLUTION>Y ,CONF]5CE WAS HELD AT ! ,AUTONOMIE ,CLUB ON #cRD ,AUGU/4 ,?IS WAS CALL$1 AS ! O!RS HAD BE51 TO CONSID] 0,UNIT$ ,9T]NATIONAL ,ACTION0 BY REVOLUTION>IES 09 ! EV5T ( A ,EUROPEAN CRISIS0 & TO DET]M9E 0! BE/ MEANS ( PROPAG&A40 ,PRES5T W]E MANY ( ! =EIGN CLUBS & GR\PS1 SOME ,5GLI% AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S & ELEV5 BRAN* DELEGATES ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,! ACC\NT ( ! CONF]5CE REVEALS IT TO HAVE BE5 UNABLE TO COME TO ANY ORGANIZATIONAL CONCLUSIONS2 YET !RE WAS A CONSI/5CY 9 ! CONTRIBUTIONS ?AT MADE IT CLE> ?AT A G5]ALIZ+ ( P>TICUL> /RUGGLES %\LD BE 5C\RAG$ TO 0LI<T A FIRE ?AT W\LD 5D ! :OLE DAMN ?+0 AS ,*>LES PUT IT4 ,M[BRAY FELT ?AT 0,9 ! EV5T ( A CRISIS AT HOME ! FIR/ ?+ TO DO WAS TO FIRE ! SLUMS & MOVE ! PEOPLE 9TO ! ,WE/ ,5D MANSIONS40 ,K5T SAID ?AT A COAL /RIKE WAS NE>3 0,LEAD]S W\LD BE REQUIR$ TO PREV5T PEOPLE ACT+ ALL TOGE!R 9 MOBS & TO UTILIZE !M 9DIVIDUALLY4 ,WE WANT$ TO KN[ :]E ! ,GATL+ GUNS & O!R 9/RUM5TS ( DE/RUCTION W]E KEPT SO ?AT WE MI<T F9D !M :5 WANT$4 ,SO WE WANT$ TO KN[ :]E ! /OREH\SES ( FOOD & CLO?+ W]E ?AT WE MI<T TAKE !M40 ,! ORGANIZATIONAL PROBLEM WAS MO/ CLE>LY FAC$ 7IF LEFT UNRESOLV$7 BY ,MALATE/A3 

444! PROBLEM ( ! BE/ MEANS ( ASSUR+ COMB9$ 9T]NATIONAL ACTION HAD BE5 (T5 DISCUSS$4 ,! AU?ORIT>IAN SOLUTION WAS TO HAVE COMMITTEES EV]Y:]E4 ,! COMMITTEES W]E ALWAYS TOO LATE OR ILL-9=M$1 & CONSEQU5TLY ! MOVEM5T WAS P>ALYZ$4 ,ANO!R SY/EM WAS TO R5\NCE ALL SY/EM4 ,! RESULTS ( ?IS C\RSE W]E NO BETT]4 ,BY ALL MEANS TRU/ TO 9DIVIDUAL 9ITIATIVE1 BUT LET EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL HAVE A CLE> IDEA ( :AT HE %\LD DO1 )\T NECESSITY = ANY K9D ( WORD ( COMM&4 ,TO E/ABLI% AN 9ITIATIVE ( ?IS K9D ! 9DIVIDUAL MU/ KN[ ! /R5G? BEH9D HIM4 ,AS A RULE M5 W]E NOT H]OES & !Y WANT$ TO BE ASSUR$ ?AT IF !Y DID SOME GREAT ?+ !Y W\LD HAVE ! SYMPA?Y ( !IR COMRADES4 ,= PRACTICAL PURPOSES1 TOO1 WE %\LD DI/+UI% FUTURE PLANS FROM PRES5T ACTION4 444 ,LET US URGE ! PEOPLE TO SEIZE ! PROP]TY & GO & DWELL 9 ! MANSIONS ( ! RI*2 DO NOT LET US P>ALYZE \R EF=TS BY DISCUSSION AS TO ! FUTURE4 ,SOME ORGANIZATION WAS DESIRABLE4 ,!RE WAS AN AU?ORIT>IAN SY/EM :I* 5C\RAG$ SPIES & ACCU/OM$ ! PEOPLE TO ! SY/EM ( DELEGATION2 BUT !RE WAS ALSO A SY/EM ( ORGANIZATION :I* WAS SPONTANE\S & ,AN>*I/4 ,A P>TY :I* DID NOT BELIEVE 9 ORGANIZATION W\LD DO NO?+2 A P>TY :I* BELIEV$ 9 ORGANIZATION ONLY W\LD SOON JO9 ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS OR ! POLITICIANS4 ,9 ALL ?+S WE W5T FROM ONE EXAGG]ATION TO ANO!R BE=E F9D+ ! MEAN4 ,IT WAS SO 9 DISCUSS+ ! PROBLEM ( H[ TO MAKE ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,AT ONE TIME ,AN>*I/S HAD AB&ON$ TRADE-UNIONS & /RIKES & ?\<T ( NO?+ BUT MAK+ ! ,REVOLUTION BY =CE4 ,!N WE F\ND ! B\RGEOIS TOO /RONG = US ON ?IS GR\ND1 & AFT] ! GREAT ,DOCK ,/RIKE WE BEGAN TO FANCY ?AT ! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE W\LD DO EV]Y?+4 ,A /RIKE H[EV] WAS NOT ! ,REVOLUTION BUT ONLY AN OCCASION TO MAKE IT4 ,! ,G5]AL ,/RIKE W\LD BE GOOD IF WE W]E READY TO MAKE USE ( IT AT ONCE BY IMM$IATE MILIT>Y ACTION :E!R BY B>RICADES OR O!RWISE4.<#a#e#b.> 

,MALATE/A WAS A 'PR(ESSIONAL' FROM A C\NTRY ) A REVOLUTION>Y TRADITION4 ,HE HAD HIS [N IDEAS AB\T ACTION 9 A REVOLUTION4 ,BUT MAK+ A REVOLUTION HAPP5 WAS /ILL A PROBLEM NEI!R HE NOR ANYONE ELSE HAD SOLV$4 ,IT WAS NOT SURPRIS+ ?AT ! ,5GLI% DELEGATES C\LD MAKE BUT A SMALL CONTRIBUTION TO AN ANSW]4 ,AS F> AS ! DISCUSSION ON ! BE/ ME?ODS ( PROPAG&A WAS CONC]N$ A NUMB] ( SUGGE/IONS W]E MADE4 ,FROM ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE CAME !IR SUGGE/IONS = AN ADVOCACY ( ! G5]AL /RIKE & ! TOTAL R5T /RIKE4 ,!RE WAS ALSO A FAIR AM\NT ( REF]5CE TO '9DIVIDUAL 9ITIATIVE'4 ,NOT TO PUT TOO F9E A PO9T ON IT1 ?IS WAS A B>ELY VEIL$ REF]5CE TO PROPAG&A BY DE$1 P>TICUL>LY ?R\< DYNAMITE4 ,?IS WAS /ILL AN UND]GR\ND MATT] AT ?IS PO9T1 BUT IT WAS /EADILY COM+ TO ! =EFRONT & WAS TO CONTRIBUTE TO ! DEEP5+ CRISIS 9 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 

,= :ILE ! AN>*I/S W]E LOOK+ = A MEANS TO MAKE A SPE$Y REVOLUTION1 ! '$UCATORS' :O W]E !IR FELL[ MEMB]S W]E LOOK+ ON ) DEEP5+ UNEASE4 ,ON ! SURFACE ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE HAD SURVIV$ MOD]ATELY WELL 9TO #a#h#i4 ,IT HAD TW5TY-TWO BRAN*ES 7N9E 9 ,LONDON7 & MANN$ N9ETE5 SPEAK+ PIT*ES A WEEK 9 ,LONDON4 ,! ,COMMONWEAL SALES W]E GO+ UP A LITTLE4 ,YET 9 REAL T]MS ! ORGANIZATION WAS /ATIC AT A TIME :5 ! ,S4,D4,F41 = EXAMPLE1 HAD D\BL$ ITS MEMB]%IP BETWE5 #ahhi & #a#h#i4 ,EV]Y NEW TRADE AGITATION TOOK PEOPLE AWAY FROM ! ORGANIZATION1 & ! ,LEAGUE C\LD NOT CA% 9 ON ! NEW UNIONISM LIKE ! ,S4,D4,F4 BECAUSE ( !IR POSITION ( 7NECESS>ILY7 CRITICAL SUPPORT4 ,! AN>*I/S 9 ! ,LEAGUE WANT$ A REVOLUTION BUT W]E UNCLE> AB\T H[ TO A*IEVE IT ON ! LEVEL ( IMM$IATE ACTION4 ,! ,S4,D4,F41 ON ! O!R H&1 W]E QUITE PREP>$ TO USE REVOLUTION>Y RHETORIC AB\T EV5TUAL AIMS BUT HAD AN IMM$IATE 'PRACTICAL' MEANS TO (F] !IR MEMB]S1 NAMELY ELECTIONS4 ,! AN>*I/S MI<T BE CORRECT 9 !IR CALL = A G5]AL /RIKE AS A SOLUTION = ! DIFFICULTIES ! LABOR MOVEM5T F\ND ITSELF 91 BUT !Y DID NOT HAVE ! MEANS AT ?AT PO9T TO CONV9CE ! MASS ( WORK]S ?AT IT WAS A REAL POSSIBILITY4 ,MEAN:ILE !IR CULT ( IMM$IATE REVOLUTION WAS CAUS+ OPPOSITION )9 ! ,LEAGUE ITSELF4 ,MORRIS WAS WRIT+ 9 ,APRIL #a#h#i3 0,\TSIDE ! ,HAMM]SMI? ,BRAN* ! ACTIVE787 MEMB]S 9 ,LONDON MO/LY CONSID] !MSELVES ,AN>*I/S BUT DON'T KN[ ANY?+ AB\T ,SOCIALISM & GO RANT+ REVOLUTION 9 ! /REETS1 :I* IS AB\T AS LIKELY TO HAPP5 AS ! CONV]SION ( ,5GLI%M5 FROM /UPIDITY TO QUICK-WITT$NESS4 444 ,N[ ,I MU/ DO NOTES = ,C'WEAL4 ,I DON'T LIKE ! JOB AS ,I HAVE A NEW BOOK :I* AMUSES ME VA/LY40.<#a#e#c.> 

,! AN>*I/ 9FLU5CE WAS UND\BT$LY GR[+ FA/ 9 ! ,LEAGUE4 

,\T ( ! ,FRE$OM ,GR\P DISCUSSIONS AT ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE ,HALL A NUMB] ( ACTIVI/S HAD BE5 RECRUIT$ TO IT4 ,! PAP] HAD REMA9$ MORE OR LESS ,*>LOTTE ,WILSON'S PRES]VE1 H[EV]1 UNTIL %E FELL ILL 9 E>LY #a#h#h#i4 ,AS A CONSEQU5CE IT WAS ANN\NC$ 9 ,M>* ?AT SOME ( ! NEW RECRUITS HAD =M$ 0A COMMITTEE ( WORKM5 444 TO MANAGE ! PUBLICATION & SALE ( ! PAP]40 7,ONE ( !M1 ,JAMES ,BLACKWELL1 HAD BE5 MANAG] ( ! ,S4,D4,F4 PAP] ,JU/ICE47 ,! NEW GR\P PROV$ A DI/9CT IMPROVEM5T & BY ,AUGU/ A COLUMN DEVOT$ TO ACC\NTS ( ! ',PROPAG&A' HAD BE5 />T$ TO COV] ! 9CREAS+ ACTIVITY4 ,AT FIR/ ! REPORTS W]E MA9LY ( DEBATES & DISCUSSIONS1 P>TICUL>LY ) ,S4,D4,F4 MEMB]S4 7,ONE REPORT FROM ,MAN*E/]1 H[EV]1 GAVE ACC\NTS ( MEET+S :]E 0,AN>*Y PURE & SIMPLE0 WAS BE+ PREA*$47 ,BUT BY ! 5D ( #ahhi IT WAS BECOM+ CLE> ?AT AN>*ISM WAS A MATT] = ASS]TION RA!R ?AN DEBATE4 ,KROPOTK9 BEGAN :AT WAS TO BE A HEAVY S*$ULE ( TALKS ?R\<\T ! C\NTRY 9 #a#h#i4 ,9 ADDITION TO ! C5TRIFUGAL =CE ( TRADE DISPUTES1 ! MAK+ ( SPECIFICALLY AN>*I/ PROPAG&A BEGAN TO ATTRACT AWAY MEMB]S ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 ,SAMUELS1 ,MA9W>+1 ,CORES1 ,M[BRAY1 ,DAVIS & O!RS >E ALL TO BE F\ND AS AN>*I/ PROPAG&I/S 9 LATE #ahhi & #a#h#i4 ,9 ,APRIL #ahi IT WAS REPORT$ FROM ,MAN*E/] ?AT ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGU]S !RE 0LIKE ?OSE ( ,NORWI* HAVE L>GELY ADOPT$ ,AN>*ISM AS !IR POLITICAL IDEAL40 ,BY ,JULY !RE W]E TWO GR\PS ( AN>*I/-COMMUNI/S 9 ,LONDON4 ,ONE1 9 ,/ ,PANCRAS1 WAS MA9LY COMPOS$ ( ,FRE$OM ,GR\P ACTIVI/S4 ,! O!R1 ! ,EA/ ,LONDON ,GR\P1 WAS BASICALLY SOME MEMB]S ( ! ,CL]K5WELL BRAN* ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE WE>+ DIFF]5T HATS4 ,! GR\P HAD TAK5 OV] ! BRAN* PROPAG&A %EET1 ! ,LABOR ,LEAF1 :I* N[ APPE>$ AS ! ,AN>*I/ ,LABOR ,LEAF & WAS US$ = FREE DI/RIBUTION AT PUBLIC MEET+S4 ,& ! TONE ( ! AN>*I/ PROPAG&A WAS GETT+ %>P]4 

,BY ,JULY ,MORRIS WAS WRIT+ TO ,NICOLL TO PROTE/ OV] A PIECE :I* HAD APPE>$ 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL1 S5T FROM ,SAMUELS 9 ,LE$S DESCRIB+ ! GAS /RIKE RIOTS4 ,AFT] DESCRIB+ ! HAIL ( MISSILES 0ON TO ! HORSE & FOOT SOLDI]S1 POLICE1 SCABS1 MAYOR & MAGI/RATES0 ,SAMUELS CONT9U$3 0,! CON/]NATION & CONFUSION BAFFLES DESCRIPTION2 & IF ! PEOPLE HAD ONLY ! KN[L$GE 7!Y HAD ! PLUCK7 ! :OLE CURS$ LOT W\LD HAVE BE5 WIP$ \T4 ,AS ! HORSES & M5 PICK$ !MSELVES UP1 IT WAS SE5 ?AT MANY W]E BRUIS$ & BLE$+ BUT1 ALAS6 NO CORPSES TO BE SE54 

,! P>TY ON ! BRIDGE GOT (F )\T TR\BLE OR HURT40.<#a#e#d.> ,MORRIS WROTE TO ,NICOLL3 0,I ?9K Y\ >E GO+ TOO F> -- AT ANY RATE FUR!R ?AN ,I CAN FOLL[ Y\4 ,Y\ REALLY MU/ PUT A CURB ON ,SAMUELS'S BLATANT FOLLY OR Y\ WILL =CE ME TO )DRAW ALL SUPPORT4 444 ,PLEASE UND]/& ?AT ?IS IS MEANT TO BE QUITE PRIVATE2 & DO Y\R BE/ NOT TO DRIVE ME (F4 ,= ,I ASSURE Y\ IT W\LD BE ! GREATE/ GRIEF TO ME IF ,I HAD TO DISSOCIATE MYSELF FROM M5 :O HAVE BE5 MY FRI5DS SO LONG40.<#a#e#e.> 7,MORRIS HAD BY ?IS TIME GIV5 UP ! $ITOR%IP ( ! ,COMMONWEAL TO ,NICOLL47 ,! TONE ( ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,CONF]5CE 9 ,AUGU/ CANNOT HAVE HELP$ ?+S MU* & AN OP5 BREA* WAS ?REAT5$ 9 ,OCTOB]4 ,! DISPUTE CONC]N$ ! FIR/ P>T ( AN >TICLE ON ',REVOLUTION>Y ,W>F>E' BY ,NICOLL4 

,?IS DID LITTLE MORE ?AN REPEAT ,NICOLL'S E>LI] SUPPORT = A G5]AL /RIKE & A ,NO ,R5T CAMPAIGN1 ?\< ! LANGUAGE & TITLE US$ W]E /RONG]4 ,KITZ SAYS1 0,! PUBLICATION ( A SECOND 9/ALLM5T ( IT WAS MADE A TE/ CASE BY ! ,HAMM]SMI? ,BRAN*1 & AS HE REFUS$ TO )DRAW IT1 !Y SEV]$ !IR CONNECTION ) ! ,LEAGUE40.<#a#e#f.> ,! DISPUTE OV] ,NICOLL'S >TICLE MORE OR LESS CO9CID$ ) ! MEET+S TO COMMEMORATE ,*ICAGO & ,BLOODY ,SUNDAY 9 E>LY ,NOVEMB]4 ,AT A MEET+ AT ! ,KAY ,/REET ,RADICAL CLUB ON #a#a? ,NOVEMB] IT WAS EVID5T ?AT LITTLE SYMPA?Y EXI/$ BETWE5 ,MORRIS & ! O!R ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE SPEAK]S4 ,SAMUELS SAID3 0,WE SOCIALI/S \<T TO FEEL V]Y SAD ?AT NI<T & TRY IF WE C\LD NOT F9D SOME MEANS TO AV5GE \R FRI5DS' DEA?S4 ,HE DID NOT ADVOCATE =CE BUT SOON] OR LAT] =CE MI<T HAVE TO BE RESORT$ TO IF WE W]E ATTACK$ 4440 ,BURNIE TALK$ ( PAY+ BACK ! DEBT ( ,TRAFALG> ,SQU>E 0) COMP\ND 9T]E/40 ,KITZ SAID ?AT ! WORK]'S LIFE WAS %ORT5$ BY :AT HE SUFF]$4 0,:Y !N %\LD HE FE> BLOOD%$1 IF BLOOD%$ W]E TO COME80 ,MORRIS 9 HIS SPEE* SPOKE DIRECTLY TO !SE REM>KS3 0,! ESS5CE ( ! ,REVOLUTION WAS ! 9T5SE DESIRE & SETTL$ 9T5TION ( ! PEOPLE TO BE FREE 444 BY ! REALIZATION ( EQUALITY ( CONDITION4 ,IF ?AT FEEL+ ONCE GREW 9 PEOPLE'S HE>TS IT C\LD NOT BE PUT D[N4 ,SOME?+ HAD BE5 SAID AB\T REV5GE1 BUT ! ONLY REAL REV5GE WE C\LD POSSIBLY HAVE WAS BY \R [N EF=TS BR++ \RSELVES TO HAPP9ESS4 ,ONLY UNHAPPY PEOPLE ?\<T ( REV5GE3 :5 WE W]E HAPPY WE %\LD =GET IT40.<#a#e#g.> ,DUR+ HIS SPEE* ,SAMUELS SAID ?AT1 ) O!RS1 HE HAD 9T5D$ TO 0POLI% (F0 ! JUDGE 9 ! TRIAL ( ,JOHN ,B+HAM ( ,%EFFIELD IF ,B+HAM WAS F\ND GUILTY4 7,B+HAM HAD BE5 *>G$ ) 9CITEM5T TO KILL BLACKLEGS 9 A SPEE* 9 #a#h#h#i47 ,NICOLL LAT] ASS]T$ ?AT !SE REM>KS W]E RESPONSIBLE = ,MORRIS'S F9AL DECISION TO LEAVE ! ,LEAGUE4 ,MORRIS WAS ONLY TO REF] 9 HIS LETT]S TO 0,NICOLL'S FOLLY10 BUT ! QUE/ION REMA9S OP54 ,:AT IS C]TA9 IS ?AT :5 ,MORRIS WALK$ \T ( ! HALL ?AT NI<T HE WAS WALK+ \T ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE4 

,HE W5T BACK TO ,HAMM]SMI? & WROTE ! >TICLE HE DESCRIB$ AS HIS F>EWELL -- IT IS SAID ON ! SAME NI<T4 ,?IS WAS 5TITL$ ',:]E >E WE N[8' & APPE>$ 9 ! ISSUE ( ! ,COMMONWEAL FOLL[+ ! MEET+4 ,IT WAS WRITT5 )\T BITT]NESS1 & 9 IT ,MORRIS EM]GES AS ! MORE REM>KABLE A MAN 9 HIS OBJECTIVE TREATM5T ( :AT HE OBVI\SLY FELT TO BE A DEFEAT4 ,IT DOES NOT DIM9I% HIS HUMANITY TO ADD ?AT HE WAS BETT] ABLE TO BE> ?IS DEFEAT S9CE HE NO LONG] BELIEV$ 9 IMM95T SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,9 HIS >TICLE HE REVIEW$ ! OBVI\S ADVANCE ( SOCIALI/ IDEAS & UND]L9$ HIS BELIEF ?AT SOCIALISM WAS ULTIMATELY 9EVITABLE4 ,! MAJOR QUE/IONS1 HE FELT1 W]E N[ QUE/IONS ( ME?OD4 ,MORRIS'S [N PREF]5CE WAS TO 0PUT =W>D ! SIMPLE PR9CIPLES ( ,SOCIALISM REG>DLESS ( ! POLICY ( ! PASS+ H\R40 ,! DANG] HE SAW WAS ?AT SOCIALI/S W\LD SEIZE ON 0! ME?ODS ( IMPATI5CE03 

,!RE >E TWO T5D5CIES 9 ?IS MATT] ( ME?ODS3 ON ! ONE H& IS \R OLD ACQUA9TANCE PALLIATION1 ELEVAT$ N[ 9TO VA/LY GREAT] IMPORTANCE ?AN IT US$ TO HAVE1 BECAUSE ( ! GR[+ DISCONT5T1 & ! OBVI\S ADVANCE ( ,SOCIALISM2 ON ! O!R IS ! ME?OD ( P>TIAL1 NECESS>ILY FUTILE1 9CONSEQU5T REVOLT1 OR RIOT RA!R1 AGA9/ ! AU?ORITIES1 :O >E \R ABSOLUTE MA/]S & CAN EASY PUT IT D[N4 

,) BO? !SE ME?ODS ,I DISAGREE2 & ?AT ! MORE BECAUSE ! PALLIATIVES HAVE TO BE CLAMOR$ = & ! RIOTS C>RI$ \T BY M5 :O DO NOT KN[ :AT ,SOCIALISM IS1 & HAVE NO IDEA :AT !IR NEXT /EP IS TO BE1 IF CONTR>Y TO ALL CALCULATION !Y %\LD HAPP5 TO BE SUCCESSFUL4 ,!RE=E \R MA/]S W\LD BE \R MA/]S /ILL BECAUSE !RE W\LD BE NO?+ TO TAKE !IR PLACE4 ,WE >E NOT READY = SU* A *ANGE AS ?AT6 ,! AU?ORITIES MI<T BE A LITTLE %AK5 P]HAPS1 A LITTLE MORE 9CL9$ TO YIELD SOME?+ TO ! CLAMORS ( !IR SLAVES1 BUT !RE W\LD BE SLAVES /ILL1 AS ALL M5 MU/ BE :O >E NOT PREP>$ TO MANAGE !IR [N BUS9ESS !MSELVES4 ,NAY1 AS TO ! P>TIAL VIOL5T MEANS1 ,I BELIEVE ?AT ! OCCURR5CE ( ?OSE W\LD NOT %AKE ! AU?ORITIES AT ALL1 BUT W\LD /R5G!N !M RA!R1 BECAUSE !Y W\LD DRAW TO !M ! TIMID ( ALL CLASSES1 I4E4 ALL M5 BUT A V]Y FEW4.<#a#e#h.> 

,:ILE HE HAD MADE \T A /RONG CASE AGA9/ ! POLICY ( RIOT HE C\LD NOT 7& DID NOT7 EXPECT ! AN>*I/S TO ACCEPT IT4 ,! REASONS >E CLE> 5\<4 ,= !M1 ,MORRIS'S POSITION IMPLI$ DO+ NO?+ & DO+ NO?+ IMPLI$ DEFEAT4 ,AT ! BACK ( ! AN>*I/ REJECTION ( ,MORRIS'S 'DEFEATISM' WAS A FEEL+1 NEV] FULLY >TICULAT$1 ?AT PEOPLE LE>N$ !IR P[] -- & :AT TO DO ) IT -- ?R\< RIOT\S ACTION4 ,! EXPECT$ PROGRESSION ( EV5TS WAS SE5 BY ,NICOLL AS FOLL[S3 0,9DIVIDUAL ASSAULTS ON ! SY/EM WILL LEAD TO RIOTS1 RIOTS TO REVOLTS1 REVOLTS TO 9SURRECTION1 9SURRECTION TO REVOLUTION40.<#a#e#i.> ,?IS WAS PUTT+ IT AT ITS MO/ HOPEFUL & IMPLI$ A *ANGE ( CONSCI\SNESS AS ! SCALE ( EV5TS GREW GREAT]4 ,BUT AT ! V]Y LEA/ ! AN>*I/S W]E ASS]T+ ! IMM$IATE MAT]IAL ADVANTAGE TO ! WORK+ CLASS ( 'PALLIATIVES BY RIOT' & URG+ ! USE ( NEW WEAPONS TO RESI/ ! MO/ IMM$IATE =MS ( REPRESSION4 ,!RE W]E TWO REPLIES TO ,MORRIS'S LA/ >TICLE1 FROM ,JOHN ,CREA<E & ,*>LES ,M[BRAY4 ,CREA<E SAID1 0,EV]Y MAN %\LD TAKE :AT HE REQUIRES ( ! WEAL? >\ND HIM1 US+ VIOL5CE :]EV] NECESS>Y & :5 DRAGG$ BE=E HIS 5EMIES HE %\LD TELL !M PLA9LY ?AT HE HAS DONE :AT HE KN[S TO BE RI<T & :AT HE IS PR\D ( HAV+ DONE4 ,HIS EXAMPLE WILL SOON F9D IMITATORS 4440 ,M[BRAY WROTE ! FIR/ PIECE EV] TO OP5LY ADVOCATE DYNAMITE 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL3 0,I FEEL CONFID5T ?AT A FEW DET]M9$ M5 444 :O >E PREP>$ TO DO OR DIE 9 ! ATTEMPT C\LD P>ALYZE ! =CES ( \R MA/]S PROVID+ !Y W]E ACQUA9T$ ) ! P[] :I* N9ETE5? C5TURY SCI5CE HAS PLAC$ )9 !IR REA*40.<#a#f.> ,! TONE ( !SE REPLIES %[S ?AT ,MORRIS WAS QUITE RI<T :5 HE WROTE AFT] HIS >TICLE HAD BE5 PUBLI%$3 0,IT WAS & IT WAS MEANT TO BE1 DIRECTLY OPPOS$ TO ANY?+ ! AN>*I/ SIDE W\LD WANT TO SAY OR DO4 ,IF ,I HAD REMA9$ 9 ! ,LEAGUE AFT] ?AT ,I MU/ HAVE ATTACK$ !M P]SI/5TLY4 ,& :Y %\LD ,I8 ,I %\LDN'T HAVE CONV]T$ !M40.<#a#f#a.> 

,MORRIS'S PRES5CE 9 ! ,LEAGUE HAD1 H[EV]1 KEPT ! MORE VIOL5T 9CITEM5TS \T ( ! ,COMMONWEAL -- HIS LETT] TO ,NICOLL OV] ,SAMUELS HAD A REAL EFFECT4 ,9 ADDITION HIS MONEY HAD 5ABL$ ! PAP] & ORGANIZATION TO FUNCTION RELATIVELY SMOO?LY4 7,HE HAD BE5 SP5D+ 9 ! REGION ( ,G,B,P#e P] YE> ON ! ,LEAGUE47 ,:5 ,MORRIS LEFT ! ,LEAGUE HIS MOD]AT+ 9FLU5CE & HIS MONEY W5T ) HIM4 ,BUT P]HAPS MORE IMPORTANTLY ! ORGANIZATION LO/ ITS 5ORM\S PRE/IGE AS ,MORRIS'S [N4 ,!SE LOSSES ?REW EV]Y?+ 9TO TURMOIL4 ,! MORALE ( EV5 ! FIRMLY AN>*I/ MEMB]S WAS SEV]ELY %AK51 & MANY ( !M SEEM TO HAVE ASSUM$ ?AT ! 5D ( ! ,LEAGUE WAS NI<4 ,FROM ,DECEMB] #ahi ONW>DS ! ,COMMONWEAL WAS TEMPOR>Y ISSU$ MON?LY 9/EAD ( WEEKLY4 ,! ,LEAGUE MOV$ 9TO MU* LESS SALUBRI\S QU>T]S AT #bgc ,HACKNEY ,ROAD4 ,A CIRCUL> FROM ! ,HAMM]SMI? BRAN* 7N[ R5AM$ ! ,HAMM]SMI? ,SOCIALI/ ,SOCIETY7 EXPLA9+ ! REASONS = !IR SECESSION SEEMS TO HAVE ISOLAT$ ! ,COMMONWEAL FROM ! PROV9CIAL BRAN*ES ?AT HAD NO /RONG AN>*I/ 9FLU5CE4 ,BY ,DECEMB] #ahi ! BRAN*ES ( ! ,LEAGUE HAD %RUNK FROM N9E TO TWO 7,NOR? ,K5S+TON & ,NOR? ,LONDON7 IF WE EXCEPT ! GR\P R\ND ! ,COMMONWEAL4 ,MATT]S W]E NOT HELP$ BY RUMORS ?AT ! ,LEAGUE & ! ,COMMONWEAL W]E F9I%$1 RUMORS PUT AB\T BY 09K-SL+]S0 :O HAD LEFT ! ,LEAGUE E>LI] :5 IT PASS$ 0! DRAW+-ROOM & ES!TIC /AGE ( ! ,SOCIALI/ MOVEM5T10 9 ,KITZ'S WORDS4 ,ALL ?IS 9EVITABLY PUT /RA9S ON ! SMALL NUMB]S LEFT TO C>RY ON ! WORK4 ,KITZ & ,M[BRAY FELL \T AFT] SOME DISPUTE1 & ,KITZ LEFT 9 ,M>* #ahi JU/ AS ?+S SEEM$ TO BE GETT+ BETT]4 ,IT IS MORE ?AN LIKELY ?AT ! DISPUTE HAD SOME?+ TO DO ) ,M[BRAY'S 9CL9ATIONS T[>DS ! P[] ( N9ETE5?-C5TURY SCI5CE4 ,9 ,APRIL #ahi ,KITZ HAD WRITT53 0,SOME ( ! Y\NG] & HOTT] AMONG US1 DI%E>T5$ AT :AT APPE>S TO BE A HOPELESS TASK 444 EI!R GIVE UP 9 DESPAIR OR DREAM ( MORE =CEFUL ME?ODS ( AGITATION4 444 ,AS WELL PREP>$ & WILL+ AS ANY TO MAKE REPRISALS %\LD !RE BE A DET]M9$ EF=T ON ! P>T ( ! 'HAVES' TO SUPPRESS ! MURMUR+S ( ! 'HAVE NOTS' 444 ,I /ILL CONT5D ?AT 9 AGITATION & $UCATION 444 & 9 PREA*+ ! GOSPEL ( DISCONT5T LAYS \R *IEF *ANCE ( SUCCESS40.<#a#f#b.> ,! LOSS ( ,KITZ WAS S]I\S1 AS ,NICOLL WAS =C$ TO ADMIT 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL3 0,! DEFECTION ( ! LATE ,G5]AL ,SECRET>Y CAUS$ MU* CONFUSION & LOSS1 BUT EV]Y EF=T HAS BE5 MADE40.<#a#f#c.> 

,! AN>*I/ SECTION ( ! ,LEAGUE 9 ,LONDON 7N[ R5AM$ ! ,LONDON ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE7 ONLY JU/ SURVIV$ !SE RUCTIONS4 ,?AT IT SURVIV$ AT ALL WAS DUE TO ! EF=TS ( ,NICOLL & ,M[BRAY TO KEEP ! ,COMMONWEAL GO+4 ,NICOLL WROTE LAT]3 0,! PAP] HAD BE5 C>RI$ ON AFT] ,MORRIS HAD LEFT US BY ! SCANTY P5CE ( WORKM5 :O (T5 LACK$ FOOD4 ,IT WAS $IT$ BY A MAN :O 9 ! FEW H\RS HE HAD LEFT FROM ! ,COMMONWEAL1 = !RE WAS NO MONEY = SAL>Y = ! $ITOR1 B>ELY 5\< = ! COMPOSITORS1 HAD TO PICK UP A LIV+ FROM /RAY J\RNALISM40.<#a#f#d.> 7,NICOLL HAD EXHAU/$ A SMALL LEGACY47 ,9 ,APRIL #ahia ! ,LONDON ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE WAS 9 A BAD %APE1 ) AN E/IMAT$ MEMB]%IP ( NO MORE ?AN #a#b4 ,ONLY SIX SPEAK+ PIT*ES W]E BE+ KEPT OP54 ,FROM ?IS PO9T1 H[EV]1 HAV+ OV]COME ITS MO/ IMM$IATE 9T]NAL & MAT]IAL DIFFICULTIES1 ! ORGANIZATION HAD MORE TIME = AGITATION & BEGAN TO EXP&4 ,FROM #bND ,MAY ! ,COMMONWEAL AGA9 CAME \T WEEKLY1 ?\< ONLY 9 AN $ITION ( F\R PAGES4 ,NICOLL CAME UND] SOME PRESSURE TO =MALLY DECL>E ! PAP] AN>*I/1 PRESSURE HE RESI/$ = SOME TIME4 ,FROM HIS PO9T ( VIEW1 GIV+ ANTI-P>LIAM5T>Y REVOLUTION>Y SOCIALISM A SPECIFICALLY AN>*I/ BR& NAME SEEM$ TO UNNECESS>ILY RE/RICT ! PAP]'S READ]%IP4 ,NEV]!LESS FROM ! FIR/ NEW WEEKLY $ITION ( ! ,COMMONWEAL 9 ,MAY #a#h#i#a1 ! SUBTITLE DESCRIB$ IT AS ',A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,J\RNAL ( ,AN>*I/ ,COMMUNISM'4 

,9 ONE S5SE ! AN>*I/S HAD BE5 AHEAD ( !IR TIME 9 #ahi :5 !Y URG$ MORE DYNAMIC ACTION ON ! WORK+ CLASS & MADE C>P+ CRITICISMS ( ! 'NEW' UNIONISM4 ,BY #ahia IT WAS CLE> ?AT ! BOOM WAS OV]4 ,9 ! W9T] ( #ahi TO #ahia !RE HAD BE5 A F9ANCIAL CRISIS 9 ! ,CITY & ,B>+S ,BANK NE>LY FAIL$4 ,TRADE WAS SLACK1 UNEMPLOYM5T WAS RIS+1 ! 9CID5CE ( BLACKLEGG+ 7ORGANIZ$ OR O!RWISE7 WAS 9CREAS+ & ! NEW UNIONS W]E V]Y MU* ON ! DEF5SIVE4 ,AUDI5CES C\LD N[ BE F\ND :O RESPOND$ TO MORE REVOLUTION>Y S5TIM5TS4 ,A ,*RI/IAN SOCIALI/ PAP] WAS CLE>LY WORRI$ AT ! NEW TR5D3 0,VIOL5CE HAS BE5 OP5LY ADVOCAT$ BY ! MORE EXTREME J\RNALS1 & AT MEET+S ( ANGRY WORKM5 REVOLUTION>Y SPEE*ES HAVE BE5 HAIL$ ) DELI<T1 :ILE MORE MOD]ATE & MORE REASONABLE SPEAK]S HAVE BE5 LI/5$ TO ) BUT SCANT PATI5CE4 ,SU* S5TIM5TS AS 'PUTT+ A LITTLE MORE DEVIL 9TO ! /RIKE'2 'DON'T LET ALL ! CORPSES BE ON ONE SIDE'2 & VAGUE ?REATS ( 'FANN+ ! CLASS W> 9TO A BLAZE :I* %ALL FIRE ! WORLD' >E HE>TILY E*O$ BY ?\S&S ( EXCIT$ WORK]S 9 DIFF]5T P>TS ( ,LONDON & ?R\<\T ! PROV9CES40.<#a#f#e.> ,BY NO MEANS1 H[EV]1 HAD ?IS NEW BITT]NESS BECOME FOCUS$ BY ! AN>*I/S4 ,! #a/ ,MAY DEMON/RATION 9 #ahia WAS CALL$ BY ! AN>*I/S ALONE & ONLY MU/]$ SOME #g-#h PEOPLE 9 ,HYDE ,P>K 9 ! DAYTIME4 ,AN EV5+ MEET+ F>$ SOME:AT BETT]4 ,:5 ! SPEAK]S >RIV$ AT ,MILE ,5D ,WA/E !Y F\ND A V]Y L>GE BODY ( POLICE1 BO? FOOT & M\NT$1 WAIT+ TO 0PREV5T ANY DI/URBANCE40 ,! POLICE DID NOT ATTEMPT TO BREAK UP ! MEET+ BUT !IR PRES5CE ATTRACT$ L>GE CR[DS TO HE> SPEE*ES BY ,CANTWELL1 ,NICOLL1 ,>NOLD1 ,MA9W>+1 ,YANOVSKY & ,M[BRAY4 ,AS IF TO UND]L9E ! PO9T MADE BY ! ,*RI/IAN SOCIALI/ PAP]1 ! ,COMMONWEAL REPORT$ ?AT ! AUDI5CE1 MA9LY COMPOS$ ( DOCK & RIV]SIDE WORK]S1 RESPOND$ MO/ 5?USIA/ICALLY TO 0! MO/ REVOLUTION>Y S5TIM5TS40 ,JUDG+ BY ! ,COMMONWEAL ! ACTION URG$ ON ! PEOPLE WAS ! /RIKE CONDUCT$ 9 ! ,LE$S /YLE & RIOT\S LOOT+ AS A ME?OD ( FE$+ ! UNEMPLOY$4 

,AS #ahia PROGRESS$ A NUMB] ( AGITATIONS W]E CONDUCT$ BY ! ,LEAGUE AN>*I/S :I* %[$ SOME REAL LIFE4 ,A FUND WAS SET UP TO F9ANCE PROPAG&A 9 ! >MY4 ,?IS SEEMS TO HAVE 9ITIALLY 9VOLV$ ,*>LES ,M[BRAY'S SON1 :O WAS S5T5C$ TO A PRISON T]M & DIS*>GE FROM ! >MY = !SE ACTIVITIES4 ,M[BRAY & ,*>LES !N TOOK UP ! WORK1 VISIT+ ,COL*E/]1 ,RO*E/] & ,*A?AM4 ,AT ,COL*E/] #e SPECIAL 787 NUMB]S ( ! ,COMMONWEAL & #b1 LEAFLETS W]E DI/RIBUT$ 9 ! B>RACKS4 ,AT ,*A?AM #a1 COPIES ( ! ,COMMONWEAL CONTA9+ AN ',ADDRESS TO ! ,>MY' W]E H&$ \T4 ,! ',ADDRESS 444' URG$ ! SOLDI]S TO REMEMB] !IR WORK+-CLASS ORIG9S & TO REFUSE TO FIRE ON ! PEOPLE IF !Y W]E ORD]$ TO DO SO4 ,! AGITATION SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 MET ) SOME SUCCESS4 ,AT ! V]Y LEA/ IT WAS 9 TUNE ) ! DISSATISFACTION ?AT EXI/$ 9 ! >MY AT ?AT TIME -- SEMI-MUT9IES W]E BE+ REPORT$ 9 SOME ,GU>DS REGIM5TS4 ,A FUR!R AGITATION WAS CONDUCT$ >\ND ! QUE/ION ( R5T4 ,A ',NO ,R5T ,LEAGUE' WAS F\ND$1 & !IR MEET+S 9 ! ,B\ND>Y ,/REET SLUM W]E EXCIT$LY ATT5D$ BY ! RESID5TS4 ,! *OICE ( ,B\ND>Y ,/REET WAS %REWD4 ,! NEW ,LONDON ,C\NTY ,C\NCIL HAD PAID ! [N]S ( ?IS NOTORI\S ROOK]Y A G5]\S COMP5SATION AFT] ACQUIR+ IT4 ,! GI/ ( ! AN>*I/ PROPAG&A WAS ?AT IT WAS ! RESID5TS :O NE$$ COMP5SAT+4 ,?IS1 IT SEEM$1 C\LD BE MO/ EASILY A*IEV$ BY !IR REFUSAL TO PAY R5T4 ,?IS CAMPAIGN1 TOO1 MET ) SOME SUCCESS4 ,AS A RESULT ( PEOPLE )HOLD+ R5T1 BAILIFFS W]E CALL$ 9 & ?IS L$ 9 TURN TO ! =MATION ( AN ,ANTI-,BROK] ,BRIGADE TO PROTECT PEOPLE FROM !IR DEPR$ATIONS4 

,! ,NO ,R5T AGITATION WAS 5?USIA/ICALLY TAK5 UP 9 ,%EFFIELD BY ,DR ,JOHN ,CREA<E & O!RS4 ,CREA<E1 AN 9CR$IBLE MAN :O HAD SP5T MU* ( HIS LIFE 9 ,>G5T9A1 PRACTIC$ :AT HE PREA*$4 ,:5 BAILIFFS ATTEMPT$ TO DI/RA9 GOODS HE DROVE !M \T ) A POK]4 ,?IS APPE>S TO HAVE L$ TO ! P5N+ ( A LITTLE DITTY :I* WAS PUT ON ,NO ,R5T PROPAG&A FROM ?AT PO9T ON4 ,IT RAN3 

,HURRAH6 = ! KETTLE1 ! CLUB & ! POK] 

,GOOD M$IC9E ALWAYS = L&LORD & BROK]2 

,SURELY 'TIS BETT] TO F9D Y\RSELF CLOBB] 

,BE=E PAY+ R5T TO A RASCALLY ROBB].<#a#f#f.> 

,! ,%EFFIELD AN>*I/S W]E NOTICEABLY ACTIVE AT ?IS PO9T4 ,!Y W]E UNUSUAL = !IR TIME 9 ?AT 9/EAD ( REMA9+ A FACTION )9 A ,SOCIALI/ ,SOCIETY OR ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE BRAN* :]E ONE EXI/$1 !Y /RUCK \T ON !IR [N & =M$ AN AN>*I/ GR\P E>LY 9 #a#h#i#a4 ,!Y UNFURL$ !IR BANN] AT ! ,MONOLI?1 ! REGUL> SPEAK+ PIT*1 ON ,MAY ,DAY ) ! MOTTO ',NO ,GOD1 ,NO ,MA/]' WRITT5 ON IT4 ,!Y REGUL>LY HELD MEET+S !RE & 9 O!R P>TS ( ! T[N & E/ABLI%$ A CLUB4 ,!Y W]E POPUL> 9 ! WORK+-CLASS DI/RICTS1 ,CREA<E'S ACTIVITY ) ! POK] BE+ P>TICUL>LY WELL RECEIV$4 ,AMONG ! MIDDLE CLASS1 H[EV]1 !RE WAS GREAT HO/ILITY & 9 ,SEPTEMB] ,COMMONWEAL REPORT$ ?AT 0WELL DRESS$ R[DYS0 HAD ATTACK$ ! CLUB & BROK5 W9D[S BY ?R[+ P5NIES4 ,TAK+ ! MONEY AS PAYM5T ! AN>*I/S HAD REPLI$ BY RUNN+ \T & SCATT]+ REVOLUTION>Y LIT]ATURE AMONG ! ATTACK]S4 ,! ,%EFFIELD GR\P ALSO PRODUC$ SEV]AL ISSUES ( A LOCAL PAP]1 ! ,%EFFIELD ,AN>*I/1 :I* HAD A %ORT & \TRAGE\S C>E] 9 #a#h#i#a4 ,& ,%EFFIELD WAS NOT ! ONLY PROV9CIAL T[N :]E AN>*I/S W]E BEG9N+ TO E/ABLI% !MSELVES3 ! ,LE$S AN>*I/S W]E1 IT WAS ALLEG$1 RESPONSIBLE = RIOTS 9 ,BRAD=D DUR+ A BIG /RIKE AT ,LI/]S ,MILL ?R\< !IR 9SI/5CE ON HOLD+ /RIKE MEET+S :I* HAD BE5 BANN$ BY ! POLICE4 

,BUT !SE BEG9N+S ( AN ACTIVI/ AN>*ISM ADAPT$ TO ,5GLI% CONDITIONS W]E TO BE ?R[N 9TO GREAT] PROM95CE BY EV5TS E>LY 9 #a#h#i#b4 ,9 ,FEBRU>Y #ahia A CASUAL NOTE HAD APPE>$ 9 ! ,COMMONWEAL3 0,\R COMRADE ,M5DELSOHN HAS BE5 W>N+ ! ,BRITI% PUBLIC ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN POLICE HAVE BE5 GOOD 5\< TO TRANSF] A PORTION ( !IR ATT5TION FROM ,P>IS TO ,LONDON1 & ?AT WE MAY !RE=E EXPECT TO HE> ( %AM DYNAMITE PLOTS H]E 4440 ,! W>N+1 IT TURN$ \T1 WAS NOT REG>D$ S]I\SLY 5\<4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #a#b1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #e -- ,ADD$4 

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