,*APT] #ab ,COOP]ATIVE ,COLONIES ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,CON/ANCE ,BANTMAN ,AU?OR 3 ,JOHN ,QUAIL ,AU?OR 3 ,NICK ,HEA? ,TEXT 3 ,*APT] #a#b4 ,C,O,O,P,],A,T,I,V,E ,C,O,L,O,N,I,E,S ,COOP]ATIVE 5T]PRISES ( A UTOPIAN K9D 9 ,5GL& HAVE SUFF]$ ! FATE ( ALL 5T]PRISES DESIGN$ AS REHE>SALS = A GREAT *ANGE ?AT HAS NOT YET COME4 ,!Y HAVE BE5 DEFEAT$ & HAVE COLLAPS$1 OR !Y HAVE *ANG$ & BECOME ABSORB$1 BE+ NO LONG] DANG]\S4 ,YET !Y REPRES5T A CONT9UAL & CONT9U+ ATTEMPT TO PLACE ! RELATION%IPS ( WORK & LIV+ ON A BASIS :I* DIFF]S SEV]ELY FROM ! NORM ?AT HAS EXI/$ S9CE ! ,9DU/RIAL ,REVOLUTION4 ,!IR MAK]S HAVE ATTEMPT$ TO REALIZE 9 A CONCRETE WAY AHEAD ( TIME ! CONDITIONS !Y DESIRE OR EXPECT 9 SOCIETY AS A :OLE4 ,!Y HAVE ATTEMPT$ 9 V>Y+ DEGREES TO A*IEVE COMMUNISM 9 PROP]TY1 COOP]ATION 9 PRODUCTION & A RA!R 9DEF9ABLE QUALITY ( FRE$OM ) SYMPA?Y & MUTUAL C>E 9 P]SONAL RELATION%IPS :I* ,MORRIS CALL$ 0GOOD FELL[%IP0 & ,ORWELL 0DEC5CY40 ,REVOLUTIONS HAVE FURNI%$ US ) EXAMPLES :]E SU* ACTIVITY HAS OCCURR$ ON A G5]AL SCALE -- NOTABLY 9 ,CATALONIA & ,>AGON 9 ! E>LY DAYS ( ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W> & ,REVOLUTION 9 #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i4 ,YET 9 SU* CASES ! V]Y SCALE ( ! OP]ATION MEANS ! MAK+ ( REVOLUTION4 ,EV5 9 TIMES ( AN EXPANSIVE MOVEM5T 9 LESS ?AN REVOLUTION>Y P]IODS SU* COLONIES MAY HAVE A G5]ALLY ACCEPT$ EXEMPL>Y & EXP]IM5TAL ROLE4 ,& :ILE ! UTOPIAN COOP]ATORS 9 NON-REVOLUTION>Y TIMES MAY SEE !IR ROLE AS EXEMPL>Y TO 5C\RAGE SOME G5]AL DEVELOPM5T1 ! SPIRIT ( ! 5T]PRISE CANNOT BUT BE AFFECT$ BY ! LONEL9ESS ( IT ALL4 ,! DESP]ATE NE$ TO LIVE 9 GOOD FELL[%IP IS UNSUPPORT$ BY ! G5]AL SOCIAL SITUATION OR A SPECIFIC SOCIAL MOVEM5T4 ,9EVITABLY1 !RE=E1 NO MATT] H[ MU* ! 9T5TION IS TO PROVIDE AN EXAMPLE TO O!RS1 ! WORLD AT L>GE APPE>S HO/ILE & ! 5T]PRISE T5DS TO REPRES5T NOT SO MU* AN ATTACK ON ! 'OLD WORLD' BUT A )DRAWAL FROM IT4 ,!SE REM>KS DO NOT1 ( C\RSE1 APPLY TO MORE 'H>D-HEAD$' AMELIORATIVE MEASURES SU* AS ! RETAIL COOP]ATIVES :I* HAVE GR[N 9TO *A9S ( SUP]M>KETS H>DLY DI/+UI%ABLE FROM O!R SU* 5T]PRISES4 ,IT HAS TO BE READILY ADMITT$ ?AT ! BEG9N+S ( SU* COOP]ATIVES W]E NOT )\T IDEALISM1 HE>TA*E & SACRIFICE4 ,YET ! COMM]CIAL VIABILITY ( !SE 5T]PRISES SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 SE5 NOT AS A CRASS NECESSITY = SURVIVAL BUT AS AN ASSUM$ VIRTUE4 ,!Y HAD ORIG9ALLY BE5 9T5D$ 9 ,[5'S TIME TO PROVIDE MONEY = COMMUNITIES4 ,FROM ! BEG9N+1 !RE=E1 !Y W]E ORI5T$ T[>DS PR(ITABLE TRAD+4 ,H[EV] 0!Y W]E 444 =$OOM$ TO F9D ?AT ! V]Y S5SIBLE 9NOVATIONS :I* P]MITT$ ! %OPS TO SURVIVE & COMPETE = LIFE1 ALSO WORK$ AGA9/ ! FULFILLM5T ( ANY MORE ADV5TUR\S HOPES40.<#c#f#d.> ,RETAIL COOP]ATIVES !RE=E MOV$ QUITE RAPIDLY \T ( ! UTOPIAN SOCIALI/ SPH]E ( 9FLU5CE4 ,! UTOPIAN COOP]ATORS W]E CONC]N$ TO MAKE A NEW LIFE & ONLY 9 PASS+ TO EASE ! CONDITIONS ( ! PRES5T ONE4 ,!Y W]E 9 9T5TION REVOLUTION>Y RA!R ?AN RE=MI/4 ,! HI/ORY ( ,5GLI% UTOPIAN COOP]ATORS BY NO MEANS />TS & F9I%ES ) ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,FROM ! TIME ( ,ROB]T ,[5 ?R\< ! TIMES ( ! ,*>TI/S & ! ,9T]NATIONAL M5 & WOM5 HAD ATTEMPT$ TO MAKE A WORLD 9 ! H]E-&-N[ COMPATIBLE ) !IR DESIRES4 ,! MOVEM5T CONT9UES TO ?IS DAY 9 SU* DISP>ATE =MS AS ! WORK]S' COMMUNES ( ! ,AUTONOM\S ,ASSEMBLIES 9 ,ITALY & ! V>I\S IMITATORS ( ! ,WOOD/OCK NATION4 ,YET = A :ILE LIB]T>IANS1 IF NOT AN>*I/S1 MOV$ TO ! C5T] ( ! TRADITION 9 ,5GL&4 ,WE HAVE SE5 ?AT NO MATT] H[ SUBJECTIVELY REVOLUTION>Y !SE 5T]PRISES W]E1 OBJECTIVELY !Y REPRES5T$ A )DRAWAL FROM ! FRAY 9 ! ABS5CE ( A G5]AL REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T4 ,9 #a#h#i#c1 P]HAPS ! QUE/ION WAS OP52 BY #ahif ?IS TYPE ( COLONY REPRES5TS A SELF-PROTECTIVE %ELL AGA9/ A HO/ILE WORLD4 ,?US WE >E =C$ TO LOOK AT !M BO? AS A SEP>ATE WORLD ( !IR [N & 9 ! CONTEXT ( A DEMORALIZ$ MOVEM5T4 ,/RADDL+ ! GAP BETWE5 ! COOP]ATIVE COLONIES & ! RETAIL COOP]ATORS W]E ! COOP]ATIVE WORK%OPS4 ,!SE W]E />T$ = EV]Y REASON1 FROM ! %>+ ( RES\RCES1 ?R\< ATTEMPTS TO F9D WORK = BLACKLI/$ WORK]S1 TO ATTEMPTS TO LIVE SOCIALISM 9 WORK+ H\RS AT LEA/4 ,?IS IS A CONFUS$ >EA & MU* MORE WORK NE$S TO BE DONE ON IT4 ,H[EV]1 ! ,LABOR ,ANNUAL = #ahih REPORT$ A GREAT GR[? 9 PRODUCTIVE CO-OPS4 ,!Y W]E1 IT SAID1 SELL+ MO/ ( !IR PRODUCTS ?R\< DI/RIBUTIVE CO-OPS & W]E FAC+ BITT] OPPOSITION FROM PRIVATE EMPLOY]S1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ,SCOTL& :]E P>TICIPANTS W]E BE+ BLACKLI/$ BY EMPLOY]S4.<#c#f#e.> ,?IS ,LABOR ,ANNUAL ALSO ADV]TIS$ A NECESS>ILY 9COMPLETE PAMPHLET1 ,COOP]ATIVE ,WORK%OPS 9 ,GREAT ,BRITA91 9 #a#h#i#g1 :I* NEV]!LESS RAN TO SIXTY PAGES4 ,SOME TRADES W]E MORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO COOP]ATIVE WORK+ ?AN O!RS4 ,BOOT & %OEMAK+1 ) ITS RELATIVELY HI< RATIO ( SKILL TO CAPITAL CO/S SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 9 ! LEAD4 ,IT WAS1 9 FACT1 ! POLICY ( ! MORE MILITANT ,LEICE/] BRAN*ES ( ! ,BOOT & ,%OE ,UNION 9 ! #a#h#iS TO PRESS ! UNION AS A :OLE TO DEVOTE SOME ( ITS FUNDS TO F9ANC+ COOP]ATIVE 5T]PRISES BO? PRODUCTIVE & RETAIL4.<#c#f#f.> ,BUT ?IS MORE AMBITI\S G5]AL PROGRAM SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 BAS$ ON ! EXP]I5CE ( EXI/+ SMALL-SCALE WORK%OPS -- IT IS WOR? NOT+ ?AT ,BATTOLA1 ONE ( ! ,WALSALL AN>*I/S1 WAS WORK+ 9 A %OEMAK+ COOP]ATIVE 9 ,SOHO AT ! TIME ( HIS >RE/4 ,COOP]ATIVE WORK%OPS ALSO EXI/$ 9 LIEAS4 ,A GR[? 9 ! NUMB] ( COOP]ATIVE COLONIES 9 ,5GL& P>ALLEL$ ! RISE 9 ! NUMB] ( COOP]ATIVE WORK%OPS4 ,9 #a#h#i#h1 F\R COMMUNITIES W]E REPORT$ AS EXI/+ 9 ,5GL&4 ,BY #ahii !RE W]E EI ,! MO/ 9T]E/+ ( !SE FROM ! AN>*I/ PO9T ( VIEW1 & ONE ( ! E>LIE/1 WAS ! COLONY AT ,CL\SD5 ,HILL ,F>M NE> ,NEWCA/LE-ON-,TYNE4 ,! DIRECT 9SPIRATION = ?IS COLONY WAS A S]IES ( >TICLES BY ,KROPOTK91 WRITT5 = ! MAGAZ9E ,N9ETE5? ,C5TURY :I* REPRES5T$ ! GR\NDWORK ( A BOOK LAT] PUBLI%$ AS ,FIELDS1 ,FACTORIES & ,WORK%OPS4.<#c#f#h.> ,9 !SE >TICLES ,KROPOTK9 DEVELOP$ IDEAS :I* SEEM RELATIVELY UNREM>KABLE N[1 YET REPRES5T$ A CONSID]ABLE ADVANCE 9 !IR TIME4 ,KROPOTK9 US$ ! MO/ UP-TO-DATE TE*NOLOGICAL 9=MATION TO %[ ! REAL MAT]IAL POSSIBILITY ( ! AN>*I/-COMMUNI/ IDEAL ( PRODUCTIVE UNITS SMALL 5\< TO ALL[ F$]AL ORGANIZATION :I* W\LD BE BO? L>GELY SELF-SUFFICI5T & EASILY SELF-MANAG$ ON DIRECT DEMOCRATIC L9ES4 ,9 PLACE ( WOOLLY IDEAS ( ! 'SIMPLE LIFE' ,KROPOTK9 ASSESS$ ! POSSIBILITIES ( SU* AN EXI/5CE BO? ECONOMICALLY & TE*NOLOGICALLY4 ,IT %\LD BE /RESS$ ?AT ,KROPOTK9 WAS NOT CALL+ = ! =MATION ( COLONIES AS K9DS ( PILOT PLANT = ! REVOLUTION4 ,HIS WORKS W]E 9T5D$ TO DEVELOP ! POSSIBILITIES OP5 TO REVOLUTION>IES 9 ! EV5T ( G5]AL SOCIAL RECON/RUCTION4 ,?IS WAS MADE QUITE CLE> BY HIM 9 A LETT] S5T TO ! AN>*I/S :O SET UP ! ,CL\SD5 ,HILL COLONY :5 !Y 9VIT$ HIM TO BECOME !IR TREASUR]4.<#c#f#i.> ,! COLONI/S HAD SEIZ$ UPON ! PRACTICAL PROPOSAL MADE BY ,KROPOTK9 ?AT 9T5SIVE AGRICULTURE UND] GLASS C\LD F9D A FAVORABLE 5VIRONM5T NE> COAL M9ES :]E COAL C\LD BE B\LY #ahie PLANS W]E WELL ADVANC$1 F9ANCE WAS =?COM+ FROM AN UNNAM$ 'WEAL?Y ,LONDON AN>*I/' & L& WAS BE+ B\Y TACTIC & 9 P>TICUL> BECAUSE ( !IR L[ SUCCESS RATE4 ,HE WAS SYMPA!TIC1 H[EV]1 & = SEV]AL YE>S KEPT 9 T\* ) !M & 9 A M9OR WAY LOBBI$ = !IR SUPPORT4 ,= A FEW YE>S ! COLONY SEEM$ TO BE MAK+ PROGRESS4 ,A REPORT 9 ,FRE$OM1 ,AUGU/ #a#h#i#g1 ON ! SECOND ANNIV]S>Y ( ! COLONY WAS OPTIMI/IC4 ,!Y BELIEV$ ?AT !Y W]E %[+ WORK]S BO? :AT C\LD BE DONE ) LITTLE CAPITAL & ALSO DEMON/RAT+ ! PRACTICALITY ( ! AN>*I/ LIFE/YLE4 ,!Y HAD LEAS$ EIT] ( AN ACRE BE+ UND] GLASS 9 F\R GRE5H\SES4 ,ONE1 !Y PR\DLY RELAT$1 GAVE A RI* CROP ( CUCUMB]S -- TW5TY A WEEK6 ,!Y W]E DI/RIBUT+ !IR PRODUCE ?R\< RETAIL COOP]ATIVES BUT W]E C>EFUL TO PRES]VE !IR [N AUTONOMY4 ,!Y HAD NO WAGE SY/EM4 0,EV]Y MEMB] WORKS ACCORD+ TO HIS OR H] ABILITY & 5JOYS EQUALLY ALL ! ,COLONY CAN GRANT40 ,MATT]S ( COMMON CONC]N W]E DISCUSS$ AT WEEKLY MEET+S1 :ILE 9 ALL O!R MATT]S ! 9DIVIDUAL WAS COMPLETELY FREE4 ,! COLONY AT ?AT TIME WAS COMPOS$ ( FIFTE5 M51 TWO WOM5 & F\R *ILDR54 ,! REPORT F9I%ES BY SAY+ ?AT !Y NE$$ MORE WOM54 ,= A LAT] HI/ORY ( ! ,CL\SD5 ,HILL ,COLONY WE HAVE TO RELY ON A RA!R HO/ILE S\RCE1 ,W4,C4 ,H>T4 ,HE SAYS ! COLONY WAS UND]M9$ BY 9EXP]I5CE & 9T]NAL BICK]+ DESPITE ITS 9ITIAL PROSP]ITY4 ,NUMB]S ( PEOPLE BEGAN TO LEAVE & F9ALLY TWO ( ! COLONI/S B\T$ BY !SE TWO PROV$ UNSUCCESSFUL & CAME BE=E ! ,NEWCA/LE ,BANKRUPTCY ,C\RT 9 ,APRIL #a#i#b4.<#c#g.> ,H>T SEEMS TO IMPLY ?AT ?IS M>KS ! 5D ( ,CL\SD5 ,HILL4 ,ANO!R DI/9CTLY AN>*I/ COLONY WAS F\ND$ AT ,:ITEWAY1 NE> ,/R\D1 ,GL\CE/]%IRE1 9 #a#h#i#g4 ,?IS SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 MORE /RAIDLY 'SIMPLE LIFE' 9 CONCEPTION1 )\T ! TE*NOLOGICAL PO9T-MAK+ ( ,CL\SD5 ,HILL4 ,IT WAS F\ND$ BY ,SAMUEL ,BRA*]1 A ,GL\CE/] J\RNALI/ :O PUT A CONSID]ABLE AM\NT ( MONEY 9TO ! S*EME4.<#c#g#a.> ,! MEMB]%IP ( ! COLONY EXP&$ FROM EI$ ?AT IT 0RECOGNIZES NO LAWS OR EXT]NAL RULE4 444 ,AT PRES5T ! GR\P HAVE NO 'PROSPECTS' & DESIRE NONE40.<#c#g#b.> ,AN UNATTRACTIVE PICTURE IS PA9T$ ( ?IS P]IOD BY A HO/ILE WITNESS3 0,:ILE SOME WORK$ H>D1 ! MAJORITY SPONG$ IDLY4 444 ,NO IDEA CAN BE GIV5 ( ! 9DOL5CE & %E] ANIMALISM ( ?IS ,:ITEWAY ,AN>*IA ) ITS LAWLESS LIC5SE & ITS CADG+4 ,SO DISGU/$ W]E SOME ( ! ,COLONI/S ?AT !Y R5\NC$ ,AN>*Y /RAIM />T$ A COOP]ATIVE COLONY BAS$ ON LAWS & AU?ORITY1 ! *IEF LAW BE+ ',HE ?AT WILL NOT WORK1 NEI!R %ALL HE EAT'40.<#c#g#c.> ,AMONG ! PEOPLE :O LEFT W]E ! F\ND] & HIS FAMILY4 ,O!R CONTEMPOR>Y ACC\NTS DO NOT SEEM TO M5TION A SPLIT1 ?\< !Y DO M5TION ! MOVEM5T ( A NUMB] ( PEOPLE FROM A MA9LY ,TOL/OYAN AN>*I/ COLONY BETWE5 ,CROYDON & ,PURLEY TO ,:ITEWAY AS WELL AS ! 'FRICTION' REF]R$ TO ABOVE4 ,IT MI*I/ COLONY4.<#c#g#d.> ,AN E>LY RAID BY A LOCAL F>M] PROVOK$ BY ! 0LACK ( S5SE ( [N]%IP0 ( ! COLONI/S1 :I* 9VOLV$ HIM & HIS LABOR]S /RIPP+ ! COLONI/S' POTATO CROP WAS NEV] REPEAT$ ?\< HE WAS NOT RESI/$4 ,TRAMPS CAME & C\LD BE AS LAZY AS !Y WANT$4 0,!Y W]E NEV] TOLD TO GO2 BUT SOMEH[ ! TRAMPS W5T & !Y DID NOT RETURN4 ,P]HAPS ! LIFE WAS TOO LAZY = !M40 7,IT IS WOR? PO9T+ \T ?AT BE+ TOLD TO GO IS NOT ! ONLY WAY ( BE+ TOLD TO GO47 ,! COLONI/S OP]AT$ AS F> AS POSSIBLE ON A SY/EM ( B>T] & DISP5S$ ) FA%ION1 READILY TAK+ TO S&ALS AS POPUL>IZ$ BY ,$W>D ,C>P5T]4 ,WELL AFT] ! TURN ( ! C5TURY IT WAS SAID ?AT 0444SO F> !IR H>VE/S HAVE NOT FAIL$ !M 444 !Y HAVE HAD MANY A SURPLUS OV] !IR WANTS & ?IS HAS BE5 SP5T ON LUXURIES :I* !Y CANNOT GR[ OR MANUFACTURE SU* AS BOOKS & A PIANO40 ,! COLONY SURVIVES TO ?IS DAY & 9 ! #a#i#cS PROVID$ A PLACE ( RETIREM5T = SEV]AL AN>*I/S ( \R P]IOD 9CLUD+ ,TOM ,KEELL & ,F]D ,*>LES4.<#c#g#e.> ,! ,PURLEY_/,CROYDON COLONY1 AB\T :I* NOT MU* 9=MATION SEEMS TO BE AVAILABLE1.<#c#g#f.> ALSO PROVID$ ! 9SPIRATION = AN EXP]IM5T 9 ,LE$S :I* LIES SOME:]E BETWE5 A COLONY & A COOP]ATIVE WORK%OP ) MORE G5]AL SOCIAL ASPIRATIONS4 ,9 ,FRE$OM = ,NOVEMB] #a#h#i#h1 ,BILLY ,MAC,QUE5 REPORT$ ?AT3 0,SOME :ILE AGO \R COMRADE ,J4,C4 ,K5WOR?Y CAME TO ,LE$S & 9 A NUMB] ( PUBLIC MEET+S TRI$ TO BR+ HOME TO HIS AUDI5CE ! POSSIBILITY ( LIV+ UP TO ! IDEAL EV5 TODAY4 ,?IS NOTION W5T HOME 9 ONE OR TWO CASES1 & SET FOLK ?9K+2 ) ! RESULT ?AT A YE> AGO ,G4 ,GIBSON1 :O HAD HI!RTO BE5 A PROSP]\S CYCLE MANUFACTUR] & ELECTRICIAN1 DECID$ TO ?R[ HIS WORKS 9TO ! MOVEM5T40 ,IT WAS ORIG9ALLY SET UP = VICTIMS ( ! 5G9E]+ LOCK\T ( #ahig BUT !Y DIDN'T FALL 9 ) IT3 SO IT WAS />T$ ) A FEW COMRADES GA!R$ FROM V>I\S P>TS 444 IT WAS DECID$ TO HAVE ! ?+ ?OR\< 7& TO ?IS7 NO D\BT IS DUE ITS SUCCESS 444 ! ESS5TIALS W]E TRU?1 FRANKNESS & GOOD FELL[%IP -- ! EXPRESSIONS ( PURE HEAL?Y LIFE4 ,!Y HAVE NOT =MAL MEMB]%IP2 NO RULES1 NO =MAL ADMISSION4 ,IF ONE ?9KS !IR PLACE IS !RE1 !Y GO4 ,ONLY SU* ACC\NTS AS >E NECESS>Y TO DET]M9E ! QUE/ION ( WEEKLY LOSS OR GA9 >E KEPT4 ,!RE IS NO RECOGNITION ( 'FAIR' OR 'EQUAL' DIVISION ( WAGES4 ,EA* MAN OR WOMAN 9 CONNECTION TAKES FROM ! TREASURY SU* AS !Y NE$4 ,WORK IF IT IS WOR? DO+ AT ALL1 \Y4 ,IF !RE >E ANY !Y >E TO BE PL[$ BACK4 ,! IDEA ( A COMMUNAL HOME HAS ALREADY BE5 ATTA9$ & AN AGRICULTURAL COLONY IS POSSIBLE4 ,AT PRES5T ! EF=TS 444 >E MO/LY C5T]$ 9 ! MAK+ ( BICYCLES & V>I\S ELECTRICAL APP>ATUS4 ,ONE COMRADE MAKES ! CLO?+ ?AT IS NE$$ BY ! O!RS1 :IL/ ANO!R M5DS !IR BOOTS & SOON HOPES TO BE MAK+ !M4 ,COMRADES WANT+ ANY?+ 9 ! %APE ( BIKES1 ETC41 %\LD MAKE AN 9QUIRY4 ,! ADDRESS IS3 ,BRO!RHOOD ,WORK%OP1 #f ,VICTORIA ,RD41 ,HOLBECK1 ,LE$S4 ,! EXP]IM5T IS EXTREMELY 9T]E/+ TO US :O HAVE APPROA*$ ,AN>*Y FROM ANO!R ROAD1 BECAUSE N[1 AFT] ONE YE>'S RUNN+1 ! WORK%OP IS LIV+ PRO( ?AT FOLK CALL LIVE TOGE!R H>MONI\SLY )\T ! AID ( LAW OR EXCESSIVE ORGANIZATION4 ,9 ?IS CASE IT MU/ EX]CISE A GREAT 9FLU5CE = GOOD UPON ! G5]AL MOVEM5T4 ,= ALL ! OPTIMISM ( ! REPORT1 BY #ai ! COLONY WAS NOT DO+ WELL1 ?\< IT HAD 9SPIR$ AN (F%OOT 9 ,BLACKBURN3 A COMMUNAL WORK%OP DO+ ELECTRICAL WORK ) AB\T T5 MEMB]S4.<#c#g#g.> ,IT IS PROBABLE ?AT ! ,LE$S COLONY CLOS$ D[N %ORTLY AFT] ?IS4 ,! ACTUAL COLONIES !MSELVES REPRES5T$ CONCRETE EXAMPLES ( A RA!R G5]AL ASPIRATION 9 ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,WE F9D1 = EXAMPLE1 ! ,$MONTON1 ,LONDON1 AN>*I/ GR\P REPORT+ 9 E>LY #ahih ?AT !Y HAD />T$ A COOP]ATIVE 7PRESUMABLY RETAIL71 ! PR(ITS FROM :I* W]E TO BE SET ASIDE = A COLONIZ+ S*EME4 0,?IS WE HAVE CONDUCT$ = A YE> 9 ACCORDANCE ) \R PR9CIPLES10 !Y SAID1 0& \R 9CREAS+ PROSP]ITY IS EVID5CE ( ! PRACTICAL NATURE ( SU* PR9CIPLES40.<#c#g#h.> ,9 BO? ,LE$S & ,MAN*E/] AT DIFF]5T TIMES ! AN>*I/ GR\PS RAN COOP]ATIVE PR9T %OPS :I* W]E BASICALLY US$ ONLY = PROPAG&A4 ,JOHN ,TURN] HIMSELF HAD BE5 ! MANAG] ( ! ,SOCIALI/ ,COOP]ATIVE ,F$]ATION :OSE HEADQU>T]S HAD BE5 9 ,LAMB'S ,CONDUIT ,/REET1 ,HOLBORN4 ,F]D ,*>LES AT A LAT] DATE WAS P>T ( AN ,OX=D ,BUILD]S COOP]ATIVE1 :I* 9VOLV$ A HUNDR$ BUILD+ WORK]S4.<#c#g#i.> ,! CONT9U+ CONC]N = ! COOP]ATIVE MOVEM5T & = ITS WID] POSSIBILITIES WAS BAS$ 9 A !ORETICAL POSITION :I* WAS MO/ CLE>LY EXPRESS$ 9 ,KROPOTK9'S PAMPHLET ,! ,DEVELOPM5T ( ,TRADES ,UNIONISM1 :I* FIR/ APPE>$ AS AN >TICLE 9 ,FRE$OM 9 ,M>* #a#h#i#h4 ,H]E ,KROPOTK9 WAS DEVELOP+ HIS EVOLUTION>Y IDEAS 9 ! MORE TRANQUIL YE>S ( HIS ,BRITI% EXILE4 ,LESS CONC]N$ ) QUE/IONS ( IMM$IATE REVOLUTION>Y ACTIVITY1 HE WAS N[ SE>*+ = ! HI/ORICAL1 SOCIAL & SCI5TIFIC GR\ND :I* W\LD N\RI% ! GRADUAL GR[? ( A LIB]T>IAN SOCIETY4 ,?IS L$ HIM TO EXAM9E ! PROCESSES GO+ ON >\ND HIM = HOPEFUL SIGNS4 ,HE F\ND !M 9 ! TRADES UNIONS1 9 COOP]ATIVES & 9 MUNICIPAL ORGANIZATION4 ,HE SAW ?AT AS !Y /OOD !Y W]E NOT AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS1 YET IF !Y W]E TO TAKE UP A UNIFI$ F$]ALI/ & 05CROA*+ CONTROL0 /ANCE !N !Y W\LD 9EVITABLY LEAD TO AN>*ISM4 ,! AGITATIONAL QUE/ION ( H[ ?IS *ANGE ( DIRECTION WAS TO BE A*IEV$ WAS NOT DISCUSS$4 ,!SE IDEAS W]E BROADLY ACCEPTABLE TO ! AN>*I/ MOVEM5T1 :I* SAW ! COOP]ATIVES AS AN E>LY PREFIGURATION ( ! SOCIETY !Y DESIR$4 ,?IS >EA ( SYMPA?Y IS TO BE F\ND 9 WRIT+S & SPEE*ES AT ALL TIMES1 ?\< 9 TIMES ( VIOL5T CLASS CONFRONTATION IT T5D$ TO S9K 9TO ! BACKGR\ND4 ,9 TIMES ( REACTION & SLUGGI%NESS1 COOP]ATION W\LD EM]GE AS A MAJOR CONC]N :I* C\LD ABSORB 5]GIES :I* IT DID NOT SEEM PR(ITABLE TO APPLY 9 O!R >EAS4 ,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,FEBRU>Y #a#b1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #ab -- ,ADD$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/