,! ,SIEGE ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS 
,AN ,ACC\NT & ,ANALYSIS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANONYM\S 

,TEXT 3 

,! ,SIEGE ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS 

,9 ?IS ANONYM\S SUBMISSION1 P>TICIPANTS 9 ! UPRIS+ 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS 9 RESPONSE TO ! MURD] ( ,GEORGE ,FLOYD EXPLORE H[ A COMB9ATION ( DIFF]5T TACTICS COMPELL$ ! POLICE TO AB&ON ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT4 

,! FOLL[+ ANALYSIS IS MOTIVAT$ BY A DISCUSSION ?AT TOOK PLACE 9 FRONT ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT AS FIRES BILL[$ FROM ITS W9D[S ON ,DAY ,?REE ( ! ,GEORGE ,FLOYD ,REBELLION 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS4 ,WE JO9$ A GR\P ( PEOPLE :OSE FIRE-LIT FACES BEAM$ 9 ) JOY & AWE FROM ACROSS ! /REET4 ,PEOPLE ( V>I\S E?NICITIES SAT SIDE BY SIDE TALK+ AB\T ! TACTICAL VALUE ( LAS]S1 ! 0%>E EV]Y?+0 E?OS1 9T]RACIAL UNITY 9 FI<T+ ! POLICE1 & ! TRAP ( 09NOC5CE40 ,!RE W]E NO DISAGREEM5TS2 WE ALL SAW ! SAME ?+S ?AT HELP$ US W94 ,?\S&S ( PEOPLE %>$ ! EXP]I5CE ( !SE BATTLES4 ,WE HOPE ?AT !Y WILL C>RY ! MEMORY ( H[ TO FI<T4 ,BUT ! TIME ( COMBAT & ! CELEBRATION ( VICTORY IS 9COMM5SURABLE ) ! HABITS1 SPACES1 & ATTA*M5TS ( EV]YDAY LIFE & ITS REPRODUCTION4 ,IT IS FRI<T5+ H[ DI/ANT ! EV5T ALREADY FEELS FROM US4 ,\R PURPOSE H]E IS TO PRES]VE ! /RATEGY ?AT PROV$ VICTORI\S AGA9/ ! ,M9NEAPOLIS ,?IRD ,PREC9CT4 

,\R ANALYSIS FOCUSES ON ! TACTICS & COMPOSITION ( ! CR[D ?AT BESIEG$ ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT ON ,DAY ,TWO ( ! UPRIS+4 ,! SIEGE LA/$ R\<LY FROM #d PM WELL 9TO ! E>LY H\RS ( ! MORN+ ( ,MAY #b#h4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ! TACTICAL RETREAT ( ! POLICE FROM ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT ON ,DAY ,?REE WAS WON BY ! SIEGE ( ,DAY ,TWO1 :I* EXHAU/$ ! ,PREC9CT'S P]SONNEL & SUPPLIES4 ,WE W]E NOT PRES5T = ! FI<T+ ?AT PREC$$ ! RETREAT ON ,DAY ,?REE1 AS WE %[$ UP JU/ AS ! POLICE W]E LEAV+4 ,WE W]E ACROSS ! CITY 9 AN >EA :]E Y\? W]E FI<T+ ! COPS 9 TIT-=-TAT BATTLES :ILE TRY+ TO LOOT A /RIP MALL--H5CE \R FOCUS ON ,DAY ,TWO H]E4 

,! LA/ POPUL> REVOLT AGA9/ ! ,M9NEAPOLIS ,POLICE ,DEP>TM5T TOOK PLACE 9 RESPONSE TO ! POLICE MURD] ( ,JAM> ,CL>K ON ,NOVEMB] #a#e1 #b#a#e4 ,IT SPURR$ TWO WEEKS ( UNRE/ ?AT LA/$ UNTIL ,DECEMB] #b4 ,CR[DS REPEAT$LY 5GAG$ ! POLICE 9 BALLI/IC CONFRONTATIONS2 H[EV]1 ! RESPONSE TO ! %OOT+ COALESC$ >\ND AN OCCUPATION ( ! NE>BY ,F\R? ,PREC9CT4 ,ORGANIZATIONS LIKE ! ,N,A,A,C,P & ! NEWLY =M$ ,BLACK ,LIVES ,MATT] ASS]T$ !IR CONTROL OV] ! CR[DS ?AT GA!R$2 !Y W]E (T5 AT ODDS ) Y\NG UNAFFILIAT$ REBELS :O PREF]R$ TO FI<T ! POLICE DIRECTLY4 ,MU* ( \R ANALYSIS BEL[ FOCUSES ON H[ Y\NG ,BLACK & ,BR[N REBELS FROM POOR & WORK+-CLASS NEI<BORHOODS SEIZ$ ! OPPORTUNITY TO REV]SE ?IS RELATION%IP4 ,WE >GUE ?AT ?IS WAS A NECESS>Y CONDITION = ! UPRIS+4 

,GEORGE ,FLOYD WAS MURD]$ BY ! POLICE AT #c#h? ,/REET & ,*ICAGO ,AV5UE BETWE5 #h3#b & #h3#c#b PM ON ,MONDAY1 ,MAY #b#e4 ,DEMON/RATIONS AGA9/ ! KILL+ BEGAN ! NEXT DAY AT ! SITE ( HIS MURD]1 :]E A VIGIL TOOK PLACE4 ,SOME ATT5DEES BEGAN A M>* TO ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT AT ,LAKE ,/REET & #b#f?1 :]E REBELS ATTACK$ POLICE VEHICLES 9 ! P>K+ LOT4 

,!SE TWO LOCATIONS BECAME CONSI/5T GA!R+ PO9TS4 ,MANY COMMUNITY GR\PS1 ORGANIZATIONS1 LIB]ALS1 PROGRESSIVES1 & LEFTI/S ASSEMBL$ AT ! VIGIL SITE1 :ILE ?OSE :O WANT$ TO FI<T G5]ALLY GA!R$ NE> ! ,PREC9CT4 ,?IS PUT OV] TWO MILES BETWE5 TWO V]Y DIFF]5T CR[DS1 A SPATIAL DIVISION ?AT WAS REFLECT$ 9 O!R >EAS ( ! CITY AS WELL4 ,LOOT]S CLA%$ ) POLICE 9 SCATT]$ COMM]CIAL ZONES \TSIDE ( ! SPH]E ( 9FLU5CE ( ! ORGANIZATIONS :ILE MANY ( ! LEFTI/ M>*ES EXCLUD$ FI<T+ ELEM5TS ) ! FAMILI> TACTIC ( PEACE POLIC+ 9 ! NAME ( ID5TITY-BAS$ RISK AV]SION4 

,! SUBJECT ( \R ANALYSIS IS NOT A RACE1 A CLASS1 AN ORGANIZATION1 OR EV5 A MOVEM5T1 BUT A CR[D4 ,WE FOCUS ON A CR[D = ?REE REASONS4 ,FIR/1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ! /REET M$ICS1 ! P[] & SUCCESS ( ?OSE :O F\<T ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT DID NOT DEP5D ON !IR EXP]I5CE 9 0ORGANIZ+0 OR 9 ORGANIZATIONS4 ,RA!R1 IT RESULT$ FROM UNAFFILIAT$ 9DIVIDUALS & GR\PS C\RAGE\SLY /EPP+ 9TO ROLES ?AT COMPLEM5T$ EA* O!R & SEIZ+ OPPORTUNITIES AS !Y >OSE4 

,:ILE ! 9ITIAL GA!R+ WAS OCCASION$ BY A RALLY HO/$ BY A ,BLACK-L$ ORGANIZATION1 ALL ( ! ACTIONS ?AT MAT]IALLY DEFEAT$ ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT W]E UND]TAK5 AFT] ! RALLY HAD 5D$1 C>RI$ \T BY PEOPLE :O W]E NOT AFFILIAT$ ) IT4 ,!RE WAS PRACTICALLY NO ONE !RE FROM ! USUAL GAMUT ( SELF-APPO9T$ COMMUNITY & RELIGI\S LEAD]S1 :I* MEANT ?AT ! CR[D WAS ABLE TO TRANS=M ! SITUATION FREELY4 ,ORGANIZATIONS RELY ON /ABILITY & PR$ICTABILITY TO EXECUTE /RATEGIES ?AT REQUIRE GREAT QUANTITIES ( TIME TO =MULATE4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 ORGANIZATION LEAD]S CAN BE ?REAT5$ BY SUDD5 *ANGES 9 ! SOCIAL CONDITIONS ?AT MAKE !IR ORGANIZATIONS RELEVANT4 ,ORGANIZATIONS--EV5 SELF-PROCLAIM$ 0REVOLUTION>Y0 ORGANIZATIONS--HAVE AN 9T]E/ 9 SUPPRESS+ SPONTANE\S REVOLT 9 ORD] TO RECRUIT FROM ?OSE :O >E DISCONT5T & 5RAG$4 ,:E!R IT IS AN ELECT$ (FICIAL1 A RELIGI\S LEAD]1 A 0COMMUNITY ORGANIZ]10 OR A LEFTI/ REPRES5TATIVE1 !IR MESSAGE TO UNRULY CR[DS IS ALWAYS ! SAME3 WAIT4 

,! AG5CY ?AT TOOK D[N ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT WAS A CR[D & NOT AN ORGANIZATION BECAUSE ITS GOALS1 MEANS1 & 9T]NAL MAKEUP W]E NOT REGULAT$ BY C5TRALIZ$ AU?ORITY4 ,?IS PROV$ B5EFICIAL1 AS ! CR[D CONSEQU5TLY HAD REC\RSE TO MORE PRACTICAL OPTIONS & WAS FRE] TO CREATE UN=ESE5 9T]NAL RELATION%IPS 9 ORD] TO ADAPT TO ! CONFLICT AT H&4 ,WE EXP& ON ?IS BEL[ 9 ! SECTION TITL$ 0,! ,PATT]N ( ,BATTLE & ',COMPOSITION4'0 

,! AG5CY 9 ! /REETS ON ,MAY #bg WAS LOCAT$ 9 A CR[D BECAUSE ITS CON/ITU5TS HAD FEW /AKES 9 ! EXI/+ ORD] ?AT IS MANAG$ BY ! POLICE4 ,CRUCIALLY1 A GANG TRUCE HAD BE5 CALL$ AFT] ! FIR/ DAY ( UNRE/1 NEUTRALIZ+ T]RITORIAL B>RI]S TO P>TICIPATION4 ,! CR[D MO/LY ORIG9AT$ FROM WORK+-CLASS & POOR ,BLACK & ,BR[N NEI<BORHOODS4 ,?IS WAS ESPECIALLY TRUE ( ?OSE :O ?REW ?+S AT ! POLICE & V&ALIZ$ & LOOT$ /ORES4 ,?OSE :O DO NOT ID5TIFY AS 0[N]S0 ( ! WORLD ?AT OPPRESSES !M >E MORE LIKELY FI<T & /EAL FROM IT :5 ! OPPORTUNITY >ISES4 ,! CR[D HAD NO 9T]E/ 9 JU/IFY+ ITSELF TO ONLOOK]S & IT WAS SC>CELY 9T]E/$ 9 0SIGNIFY+0 ANY?+ TO ANYONE \TSIDE ( ITSELF4 ,!RE W]E NO SIGNS OR SPEE*ES1 ONLY *ANTS ?AT S]V$ ! TACTICAL PURPOSES ( 0HYP+ UP0 70,FUCK #a#b607 & 9T]RUPT+ POLICE VIOL5CE ) /RATEGICALLY DEPLOY$ 09NOC5CE0 70,H&S UP6 ,DON'T %OOT6074 

,WE SAW PEOPLE PLAY+ ! FOLL[+ ROLES3 

,M$ICAL ,SUPPORT 

,?IS 9CLUD$ /REET M$ICS & M$ICS P]=M+ TRIAGE & URG5T C>E AT A CONV]T$ COMMUNITY C5T] TWO BLOCKS AWAY FROM ! PREC9CT4 ,UND] DIFF]5T CIRCUM/ANCES1 ?IS C\LD BE P]=M$ AT ANY NE>BY SYMPA!TIC COMM]CIAL1 RELIGI\S1 OR NOT-= PR(IT E/ABLI%M5T4 ,ALT]NATIVELY1 A CR[D OR A M$IC GR\P C\LD OCCUPY SU* A SPACE = ! DURATION ( A PROTE/4 ,?OSE :O W]E ORGANIZ$ AS /REET M$ICS DID NOT 9T]F]E ) ! TACTICAL *OICES ( ! CR[D4 ,9/EAD1 !Y CONSI/5TLY TREAT$ ANYONE :O NE$$ !IR HELP4 

,SCANN] ,MONITORS & ,TELEGRAM ,APP ,*ANNEL ,OP]ATORS 

,?IS IS COMMON PRACTICE 9 MANY ,U,S CITIES BY N[1 BUT POLICE SCANN] MONITORS ) AN E> = /RATEGICALLY IMPORTANT 9=MATION PLAY$ A CRITICAL ROLE 9 SETT+ UP 9=MATION FL[S FROM ! POLICE TO ! CR[D4 ,IT IS ALMO/ C]TA9 ?AT ON ! :OLE1 MU* ( ! CR[D WAS NOT PRACTIC+ ! GREATE/ SECURITY TO ACCESS ! ,TELEGRAM *ANNEL4 ,WE ADVISE REBELS TO SET UP ! ,TELEGRAM APP ON BURN] PHONES 9 ORD] TO /AY 9=M$ :ILE PREV5T+ POLICE /+RAYS 7FALSE CELL PHONE T[]S7 FROM GLEAN+ !IR P]SONAL 9=MATION4 

,PEACEFUL ,PROTE/]S 

,! NONVIOL5T TACTICS ( PEACEFUL PROTE/]S S]V$ TWO FAMILI> AIMS & ONE UNUSUAL ONE3 

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,!Y CREAT$ A SPECTACLE ( LEGITIMACY1 :I* WAS 9T5SIFI$ AS POLICE VIOL5CE ESCALAT$4 

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,!Y CREAT$ A FRONT L9E ?AT BLOCK$ POLICE ATTEMPTS TO ADVANCE :5 !Y DEPLOY$ \TSIDE ( ! ,PREC9CT4 

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,9 ADDITION1 9 AN UNEXPECT$ TURN ( AFFAIRS1 ! PEACEFUL PROTE/]S %IELD$ ?OSE :O EMPLOY$ PROJECTILES4 

,:5EV] ! POLICE ?REAT5$ TE> GAS OR RUBB] BULLETS1 NONVIOL5T PROTE/]S L9$ UP AT ! FRONT ) !IR H&S UP 9 ! AIR1 *ANT+ 0,H&S UP1 DON'T %OOT60 ,SOMETIMES !Y KNEEL$1 BUT TYPICALLY ONLY DUR+ RELATIVE LULLS 9 ! ACTION4 ,:5 ! COPS DEPLOY$ \TSIDE ! ,PREC9CTS1 !IR POLICE L9ES FREQU5TLY F\ND !MSELVES FAC+ A L9E ( 0NONVIOL5T0 PROTE/]S4 ,?IS HAD ! EFFECT ( TEMPOR>ILY /ABILIZ+ ! SPACE ( CONFLICT & GAVE O!R CR[D MEMB]S A /ATION>Y T>GET4 ,:ILE SOME PEACEFUL PROTE/]S ANGRILY COMM&$ PEOPLE TO /OP ?R[+ ?+S1 !Y W]E FEW & GREW QUIET AS ! DAY WORE ON4 ,?IS WAS MO/ LIKELY BECAUSE ! POLICE W]E T>GET+ PEOPLE :O ?REW ?+S ) RUBB] BULLETS E>LY ON 9 ! CONFLICT1 :I* 5RAG$ ! CR[D4 ,IT'S WOR? NOT+ ?AT ! REV]SE HAS (T5 BE5 ! CASE--WE >E US$ TO SEE+ MORE CONFRONTATIONAL TACTICS US$ TO %IELD ?OSE PRACTIC+ NONVIOL5CE 7E4G41 AT ,/&+ ,ROCK & ,*>LOTTESVILLE74 ,! REV]SAL ( ?IS RELATION%IP 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS AF=D$ GREAT] AUTONOMY TO ?OSE EMPLOY+ CONFRONTATIONAL TACTICS4 

,BALLI/ICS ,SQUADS 

,BALLI/ICS SQUADS ?REW WAT] BOTTLES1 ROCKS1 & A FEW ,MOLOTOV COCKTAILS AT POLICE1 & %OT FIREWORKS4 ,?OSE US+ BALLI/ICS DIDN'T ALWAYS WORK 9 GR\PS1 BUT DO+ SO PROTECT$ !M FROM BE+ T>GET$ BY NONVIOL5T PROTE/]S :O WANT$ TO DICTATE ! TACTICS ( ! CR[D4 ,! BALLI/ICS SQUADS S]V$ ?REE AIMS3 

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,!Y DREW POLICE VIOL5CE AWAY FROM ! PEACEFUL ELEM5TS ( ! CR[D DUR+ MOM5TS ( ESCALATION4 

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,!Y PATI5TLY DEPLET$ ! POLICE CR[D CONTROL MUNITIONS4 

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,!Y ?REAT5$ ! PHYSICAL SAFETY ( ! POLICE1 MAK+ IT MORE CO/LY = !M TO ADVANCE4 

,! FIR/ DAY ( ! UPRIS+1 !RE W]E ATTACKS ON MULTIPLE P>K$ POLICE ,S,U,VS AT ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT4 ,?IS S5SIBILITY RESUM$ QUICKLY ON ,DAY ,TWO1 BEG9N+ ) ! ?R[+ ( WAT] BOTTLES AT POLICE (FIC]S POSITION$ ON ! RO( ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT & ALONGSIDE ! BUILD+4 ,AFT] ! POLICE RESPOND$ ) TE> GAS & RUBB] BULLETS1 ! BALLI/ICS SQUADS ALSO BEGAN TO EMPLOY ROCKS4 ,ELEM5TS )9 ! CR[D DISMANTL$ BUS B5* EMBANKM5TS MADE ( /ONE & SMA%$ !M UP TO SUPPLY ADDITIONAL PROJECTILES4 ,NI<TFALL SAW ! USE ( FIREWORKS BY A FEW PEOPLE1 :I* QUICKLY G5]ALIZ$ 9 ,DAYS ,?REE & ,F\R4 0,BOOGALOOS0 7,SECOND ,AM5DM5T ACCEL]ATIONI/S7 HAD ALREADY BRIEFLY EMPLOY$ FIREWORKS ON ,DAY ,ONE1 BUT FROM :AT WE SAW !Y MO/LY SAT IT \T ON ! SIDEL9ES !REAFT]4 ,F9ALLY1 IT IS WOR? NOT+ ?AT ! ,M9NEAPOLIS POLICE US$ 0GRE5 TIPS10 RUBB] BULLETS ) EXPLOD+ GRE5 9K TIPS TO M>K LAWBREAK]S = LAT] >RE/4 ,ONCE IT BECAME CLE> ?AT ! POLICE DEP>TM5T HAD LIMIT$ CAPACITY TO MAKE GOOD ON ITS ?REAT &1 MOREOV]1 ?AT ! CR[D C\LD W91 ?OSE :O HAD BE5 M>K$ HAD EV]Y 9C5TIVE TO FI<T LIKE HELL TO DEFY ! POLICE4 

,LAS] ,PO9T]S 

,9 ! GRAMM> ( ! ,HONG ,KONG MOVEM5T1 ?OSE :O OP]ATE LAS] PO9T]S >E REF]R$ TO AS 0LI<T MAGES40 ,AS WAS ! CASE 9 ,HONG ,KONG1 ,*ILI1 & ELSE:]E 9 #b#a#i1 SOME PEOPLE CAME PREP>$ ) LAS] PO9T]S TO ATTACK ! OPTICAL CAPACITY ( ! POLICE4 ,LAS] PO9T]S 9VOLVE A SPECIAL RISK_/REW>D RATIO1 AS IT IS V]Y EASY TO TRACK PEOPLE US+ LAS] PO9T]S1 EV5 :5 !Y >E OP]AT+ )9 A D5SE & ACTIVE CR[D AT NI<T4 ,LAS] PO9T] US]S >E P>TICUL>LY VULN]ABLE IF !Y ATTEMPT TO T>GET 9DIVIDUAL POLICE (FIC]S OR 7ESPECIALLY7 POLICE HELICOPT]S :ILE OP]AT+ 9 SMALL CR[DS2 ?IS IS /ILL ! CASE EV5 IF ! 5TIRE NEI<BORHOOD IS UND]GO+ MASS LOOT+ 7! DAYTIME USE ( HI<-P[]$ LAS]S ) SCOPES REMA9S UNTE/$1 TO \R KN[L$GE74 ,! UPSIDE ( LAS] PO9T]S IS IMM5SE3 !Y MOM5T>ILY COMPROMISE ! EYESI<T ( ! POLICE ON ! GR\ND & !Y CAN DISABLE POLICE SURVEILLANCE DRONES BY 9T]F]+ ) !IR 9FR>$ S5SORS & OB/ACLE-DETECTION CAM]AS4 ,9 ! LATT] CASE1 A P]SI/5TLY LAS]$ DRONE MAY DESC5D TO ! E>? :]E ! CR[D CAN DE/ROY IT4 ,?IS OCCURR$ REPEAT$LY ON ,DAYS ,TWO & ,?REE4 ,IF A CR[D IS P>TICUL>LY D5SE & VISUALLY DIFFICULT TO DISC]N1 LAS]S CAN BE US$ TO *ASE AWAY POLICE HELICOPT]S4 ,?IS WAS SUCCESSFULLY DEMON/RAT$ ON ,DAY ,?REE FOLL[+ ! RETREAT ( ! POLICE FROM ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT1 AS WELL AS ON ,DAY ,F\R 9 ! VIC9ITY ( ! ,FIF? ,PREC9CT BATTLE4 

,B>RICAD]S 

,B>RICAD]S BUILT B>RICADES \T ( NE>BY MAT]IALS1 9CLUD+ AN IMPRESSIVE B>RICADE ?AT BLOCK$ ! POLICE ON #b#f? ,AV5UE JU/ NOR? ( ,LAKE ,/REET4 ,9 ! LATT] CASE1 ! B>RICADE WAS ASSEMBL$ \T ( A TRA9 ( %OPP+ C>TS & A C>T-RETURN /ATION PULL$ FROM A NE>BY P>K+ LOT1 DUMP/]S1 POLICE B>RICADES1 & PLYWOOD & F5C+ MAT]IALS FROM A CONDOM9IUM CON/RUCTION SITE4 ,AT ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT1 ! B>RICADE PROVID$ USEFUL COV] = LAS] PO9T] ATTACKS & ROCK-?R[]S1 :ILE ALSO S]V+ AS A NATURAL GA!R+ PO9T = ! CR[D TO REGR\P4 ,AT ! ,FIF? ,PREC9CT1 :5 ! POLICE PRESS$ ON FOOT T[>D ! CR[D1 DOZ5S ( 9DIVIDUALS FILL$ ! /REET ) A MULTI-R[$ B>RICADE4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 ?IS HAD ! ADVANTAGE ( PREV5T+ ! POLICE FROM ADVANC+ FUR!R & MAK+ >RE/S1 :ILE ALL[+ ! CR[D TO REGR\P \T ( REA* ( ! RUBB] BULLETS4 ,H[EV]1 IT QUICKLY BECAME CLE> ?AT ! B>RICADES W]E DISC\RAG+ ! CR[D FROM RETAK+ ! /REET1 & IT HAD TO BE P>TIALLY DISMANTL$ 9 ORD] TO FACILITATE A SECOND PRESS T[>D ! POLICE L9ES4 ,IT CAN BE DIFFICULT TO COORD9ATE DEF5SE & ATTACK )9 A S+LE GE/URE4 

,S\ND ,SY/EMS 

,C> S\ND SY/EMS & 5G9ES PROVID$ A SONIC 5VIRONM5T ?AT 5LIV5$ ! CR[D4 ,! AN!M ( ,DAYS ,TWO & ,?REE WAS ,LIL' ,BOOSIE'S 0,FUCK ,! ,POLICE40 ,YET ONE 9NOVATION WE HAD NEV] SE5 BE=E WAS ! USE ( C> 5G9ES TO ADD TO ! S\NDSCAPE & 0REV UP0 ! CR[D4 ,?IS BEGAN ) A PICK-UP TRUCK ) A MODIFI$ EXHAU/ SY/EM1 :I* WAS P>K$ BEH9D ! CR[D FAC+ AWAY FROM IT4 ,:5 T5SIONS RAN HI< ) ! POLICE & IT APPE>$ ?AT ! CONFLICT W\LD RESUME1 ! DRIV] W\LD R$ L9E HIS 5G9E & MAKE IT RO> ?UND]\SLY OV] ! CR[D4 ,O!R SIMIL>LY MODIFI$ C>S JO9$ 91 AS WELL AS A FEW MOTORCYCLI/S4 

,LOOT]S 

,LOOT+ S]V$ ?REE CRITICAL AIMS4 

,FIR/1 IT LIB]AT$ SUPPLIES TO HEAL & N\RI% ! CR[D4 ,ON ! FIR/ DAY1 REBELS ATTEMPT$ TO SEIZE ! LIQUOR /ORE DIRECTLY ACROSS FROM ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT4 ,!IR SUCCESS WAS BRIEF1 AS ! COPS MANAG$ TO RE-SECURE IT4 ,E>LY 9 ! /&(F ON ,DAY ,TWO1 A H&FUL ( PEOPLE SIGNAL$ !IR DET]M9ATION BY CLIMB+ ON TOP ( ! /ORE TO MOCK ! POLICE FROM ! RO(4 ,! CR[D *E]$ AT ?IS HUMILIATION1 :I* IMPLICITLY SET ! OBJECTIVE = ! RE/ ( ! DAY3 TO DEMON/RATE ! P[]LESSNESS ( ! POLICE1 DEMORALIZE !M1 & EXHAU/ !IR CAPACITIES4 

,AN H\R OR SO LAT]1 LOOT+ BEGAN AT ! LIQUOR /ORE & AT AN ,ALDI A BLOCK AWAY4 ,:ILE A MAJORITY ( ?OSE PRES5T P>TICIPAT$ 9 ! LOOT+1 IT WAS CLE> ?AT SOME TOOK IT UPON !MSELVES TO BE /RATEGIC AB\T IT4 ,LOOT]S AT ! ,ALDI LIB]AT$ IMM5SE QUANTITIES ( BOTTL$ WAT]1 SPORTS DR9KS1 MILK1 PROTE9 B>S1 & O!R SNACKS & ASSEMBL$ HUGE QUANTITIES ( !SE ITEMS ON /REET CORN]S ?R\<\T ! VIC9ITY4 ,9 ADDITION TO ! LIQUOR /ORE & ! ,ALDI1 ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT WAS CONV5I5TLY SITUAT$ ADJAC5T TO A ,T>GET1 A ,CUB ,FOODS1 A %OE /ORE1 A DOLL> /ORE1 AN ,AUTOZONE1 A ,W5DY'S1 & V>I\S O!R BUS9ESSES4 ,ONCE ! LOOT+ BEGAN1 IT IMM$IATELY BECAME A P>T ( ! LOGI/ICS ( ! CR[D'S SIEGE ON ! ,PREC9CT4 

,SECOND1 LOOT+ BOO/$ ! CR[D'S MORALE BY CREAT+ SOLID>ITY & JOY ?R\< A %>$ ACT ( COLLECTIVE TRANSGRESSION4 ,! ACT ( GIFT GIV+ & ! SPIRIT ( G5]OSITY WAS MADE ACCESSIBLE TO ALL1 PROVID+ A POSITIVE C\NT]PO9T TO ! HEAD-TO-HEAD CONFLICTS ) ! POLICE4 

,?IRD1 & MO/ IMPORTANTLY1 LOOT+ CONTRIBUT$ TO KEEP+ ! SITUATION UNGOV]NABLE4 ,AS LOOT+ SPREAD ?R\<\T ! CITY1 POLICE =CES EV]Y:]E W]E SPREAD ?94 ,!IR ATTEMPTS TO SECURE KEY T>GETS ONLY GAVE LOOT]S FREE RE9 OV] O!R >EAS 9 ! CITY4 ,LIKE A FI/ SQUEEZ+ WAT]1 ! POLICE F\ND !MSELVES FRU/RAT$ BY AN OPPON5T ?AT EXP&$ EXPON5TIALLY4 

,FIRES 

,! DECISION TO BURN LOOT$ BUS9ESSES CAN BE SE5 AS TACTICALLY 9TELLIG5T 9 A C\PLE RESPECTS4 ,FIR/1 IT 5SUR$ ?AT ANY EVID5CE REG>D+ :O WAS PRES5T WAS DE/ROY$4 ,SECOND1 IT CONTRIBUT$ TO DEPLET+ POLICE RES\RCES1 S9CE ! FIREFI<T]S =C$ TO CONT9UALLY EXT+UI% /RUCTURE FIRES ALL OV] T[N REQUIR$ HEAVY POLICE ESCORTS4 ,?IS SEV]ELY IMPACT$ !IR ABILITY TO 9T]V5E 9 SITUATIONS ( ONGO+ LOOT+1 ! VA/ MAJORITY ( :I* !Y NEV] RESPOND$ TO 7! MALLS & ! ,SUP] ,T>GET /ORE ON ,UNIV]SITY ,AVE BE+ EXCEPTIONS74 ,?IS HAS PLAY$ \T DIFF]5TLY 9 O!R CITIES1 :]E POLICE OPT$ NOT TO ESCORT FIREFI<T]S4 ,?IS MAY EXPLA9 :Y DEMON/RATORS FIR$ 9 ! AIR >\ND FIREFI<T+ VEHICLES DUR+ ! ,WATTS REBELLION4 

,9 ! CASE ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT1 ! BURN+ ( ! ,AUTOZONE HAD TWO IMM$IATE CONSEQU5CES3 FIR/1 IT =C$ ! POLICE TO MOVE \T 9TO ! /REET & E/ABLI% A P]IMET] >\ND ! BUILD+ = FIREFI<T]S4 ,:ILE ?IS DIM9I%$ ! CLA% AT ! SITE ( ! PREC9CT1 IT ALSO PU%$ ! CR[D D[N ,LAKE ,AV5UE1 :I* SUBSEQU5TLY 9DUC$ WIDESPREAD LOOT+ & CONTRIBUT$ TO ! DIFFUSION ( ! RIOT ACROSS ! :OLE NEI<BORHOOD4 ,BY 9T]RUPT+ ! MAGNETIC =CE ( ! ,PREC9CT1 ! POLICE RESPONSE TO ! FIRE 9DIRECTLY CONTRIBUT$ TO EXP&+ ! RIOT ACROSS ! CITY4 

,WE CALL ! BATTLES ( ! SECOND & ?IRD DAYS AT ! ,PREC9CT A SIEGE BECAUSE ! POLICE W]E DEFEAT$ BY ATTRITION4 ,! PATT]N ( ! BATTLE WAS *>ACT]IZ$ BY /EADY 9T5SIFICATION PUNCTUAT$ BY QUALITATIVE LEAPS DUE TO ! VIOL5CE ( ! POLICE & ! SPREAD ( ! CONFLICT 9TO LOOT+ & ATTACKS ON CORPORATE-[N$ BUILD+S4 ,! COMB9ATION ( ! ROLES LI/$ ABOVE HELP$ TO CREATE A SITUATION ?AT WAS UNPOLICEABLE1 YET :I* ! POLICE W]E /UBBORNLY DET]M9$ TO CONTA94 ,! REPRESSION REQUIR$ = EV]Y CONTA9M5T EF=T 9T5SIFI$ ! REVOLT & PU%$ IT FUR!R \T 9TO ! SURR\ND+ >EA4 ,BY ,DAY ,?REE1 ALL ( ! CORPORATE 9FRA/RUCTURE SURR\ND+ ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT HAD BE5 DE/ROY$ & ! POLICE HAD NO?+ BUT A 0K+DOM ( A%ES0 TO %[ = !IR EF=TS4 ,ONLY !IR ,PREC9CT REMA9$1 A LONELY T>GET ) DEPLET$ SUPPLIES4 ,! REBELS :O %[$ UP ON ,DAY ,?REE F\ND AN 5EMY TEET]+ ON ! BR9K4 ,ALL IT NE$$ WAS A F9AL PU%4 

,DAY ,TWO ( ! UPRIS+ BEGAN ) A RALLY3 ATT5DEES W]E ON ! /REETS1 :ILE ! POLICE W]E /ATION$ ON TOP ( !IR BUILD+ ) AN >S5AL ( CR[D CONTROL WEAPONRY4 ,! PATT]N ( /RUGGLE BEGAN DUR+ ! RALLY1 :5 ! CR[D TRI$ TO CLIMB OV] ! F5CES ?AT PROTECT$ ! ,PREC9CT 9 ORD] TO V&ALIZE IT4 ,! POLICE FIR$ RUBB] BULLETS 9 RESPONSE AS RALLY SPEAK]S CALL$ = CALM4 ,AFT] SOME TIME PASS$ & MORE SPEE*ES W]E MADE1 PEOPLE TRI$ AGA94 ,:5 ! VOLLEY ( RUBB] BULLETS CAME1 ! CR[D RESPOND$ ) ROCKS & WAT] BOTTLES4 ,?IS SET (F A DYNAMIC ( ESCALATION ?AT ACCEL]AT$ QUICKLY ONCE ! RALLY 5D$4 ,SOME CALL$ = NONVIOL5CE & S\<T TO 9T]F]E ) ?OSE :O W]E ?R[+ ?+S1 BUT MO/ PEOPLE DIDN'T BO!R >GU+ ) !M4 ,!Y W]E L>GELY IGNOR$ OR ELSE ! REPLY WAS ALWAYS ! SAME3 0,?AT NONVIOL5CE %IT DON'T WORK60 ,9 FACT1 NEI!R SIDE ( ?IS >GUM5T WAS EXACTLY CORRECT3 AS ! C\RSE ( ! BATTLE WAS TO DEMON/RATE1 BO? SIDES NE$$ EA* O!R TO ACCOMPLI% ! HI/ORIC FEAT ( R$UC+ ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT TO A%ES4 

,IT'S IMPORTANT TO NOTE ?AT ! DYNAMIC WE SAW ON ,DAY ,TWO DID NOT 9VOLVE US+ NONVIOL5CE & WAIT+ = REPRESSION TO ESCALATE ! SITUATION4 ,9/EAD1 A NUMB] ( 9DIVIDUALS /UCK !IR NECKS \T V]Y F> TO 9VITE POLICE VIOL5CE & ESCALATION4 ,ONCE ! CR[D & ! POLICE W]E LOCK$ 9TO AN ESCALAT+ PATT]N ( CONFLICT1 ! OBJECTIVE ( ! POLICE WAS TO EXP& !IR T]RITORIAL CONTROL RADIAT+ \TW>D FROM ! ,PREC9CT4 ,:5 ! POLICE DECID$ TO ADVANCE1 !Y BEGAN BY ?R[+ CONCUSSION GR5ADES AT ! CR[D AS A :OLE & FIR+ RUBB] BULLETS AT ?OSE ?R[+ PROJECTILES1 SETT+ UP B>RICADES1 & FIR+ TE> GAS4 

,! 9TELLIG5CE ( ! CR[D PROV$ ITSELF AS P>TICIPANTS QUICKLY LE>N$ FIVE LESSONS 9 ! C\RSE ( ?IS /RUGGLE4 

,FIR/1 IT IS IMPORTANT TO REMA9 CALM 9 ! FACE ( CONCUSSION GR5ADES1 AS !Y >E NOT PHYSICALLY H>MFUL IF Y\ >E MORE ?AN FIVE FEET AWAY FROM !M4 ,?IS LESSON EXT5DS TO A MORE G5]AL 9SI<T AB\T CRISIS GOV]NANCE3 DON'T PANIC1 AS ! POLICE WILL ALWAYS USE PANIC AGA9/ US4 ,ONE MU/ REACT QUICKLY :ILE /AY+ AS CALM AS POSSIBLE4 

,SECOND1 ! PRACTICE ( FLU%+ TE>-GASS$ EYES SPREAD RAPIDLY FROM /REET M$ICS ?R\<\T ! RE/ ( ! CR[D4 ,EMPLOY+ /ORES ( LOOT$ BOTTL$ WAT]1 MANY PEOPLE 9 ! CR[D W]E ABLE TO LE>N & QUICKLY EXECUTE EYE-FLU%+4 ,PEOPLE ?R[+ ROCKS ONE M9UTE C\LD BE SE5 TREAT+ ! EYES ( O!RS 9 ! NEXT4 ,?IS BASIC M$IC KN[L$GE HELP$ TO BUILD ! CR[D'S CONFID5CE1 ALL[+ !M TO RESI/ ! TEMPTATION TO PANIC & /AMP$E1 SO ?AT !Y C\LD RETURN TO ! SPACE ( 5GAGEM5T4 

,?IRD1 P]HAPS ! CR[D'S MO/ IMPORTANT TACTICAL DISCOV]Y WAS ?AT :5 ONE IS =C$ TO RETREAT FROM TE> GAS1 ONE MU/ REFILL ! SPACE ONE HAS AB&ON$ AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE4 ,EA* TIME ! CR[D AT ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT RETURN$1 IT CAME BACK ANGRI] & MORE DET]M9$ EI!R TO /OP ! POLICE ADVANCE OR TO MAKE !M PAY AS DE>LY AS POSSIBLE = EV]Y /EP !Y TOOK4 

,F\R?1 BORR[+ FROM ! LANGUAGE ( ,HONG ,KONG1 WE SAW ! CR[D PRACTICE ! MAXIM 0,BE WAT]40 ,NOT ONLY DID ! CR[D QUICKLY FL[ BACK 9TO SPACES FROM :I* !Y HAD TO RETREAT1 BUT :5 =C$ \TW>D1 ! CR[D DIDN'T BEHAVE ! WAY ?AT ! COPS DID BY FIXAT+ ON T]RITORIAL CONTROL4 ,:5 !Y C\LD1 ! CR[D FL[$ BACK 9TO ! SPACES FROM :I* !Y HAD BE5 =C$ TO RETREAT DUE TO TE> GAS4 ,BUT :5 NECESS>Y1 ! CR[D FL[$ AWAY FROM POLICE ADVANCES LIKE A TORR5TIAL DE/RUCTIVE =CE4 ,EA* POLICE ADVANCE RESULT$ 9 MORE BUS9ESSES BE+ SMA%$1 LOOT$1 & BURN$4 ,?IS MEANT ?AT ! POLICE W]E LOS]S REG>DLESS ( :E!R !Y *OSE TO REMA9 BESIEG$ OR PU% BACK ! CR[D4 

,F9ALLY1 ! FALL ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT DEMON/RATES ! P[] ( UNGOV]NABILITY AS A /RATEGIC AIM & MEANS ( CR[D ACTIVITY4 ,! MORE ?AT A CR[D CAN DO1 ! H>D] IT WILL BE TO POLICE4 ,CR[DS CAN MAXIMIZE !IR AG5CY BY 9CREAS+ ! NUMB] ( ROLES ?AT PEOPLE CAN PLAY & BY MAXIMIZ+ ! COMPLEM5T>Y RELATION%IPS BETWE5 !M4 

,NONVIOL5CE PRACTITION]S CAN USE !IR LEGITIMACY TO TEMPOR>ILY CONCEAL OR %IELD BALLI/ICS SQUADS4 ,BALLI/ICS SQUADS CAN DRAW POLICE FIRE AWAY FROM ?OSE PRACTIC+ NONVIOL5CE4 ,LOOT]S CAN HELP FE$ & HEAL ! CR[D :ILE SIMULTANE\SLY DISORI5T+ ! POLICE4 ,9 TURN1 ?OSE GO+ HEAD TO HEAD ) ! POLICE CAN G5]ATE OPPORTUNITIES = LOOT+4 ,LI<T MAGES CAN PROVIDE BALLI/ICS CREWS ) TEMPOR>Y OPACITY BY BL9D+ ! POLICE & DISABL+ SURVEILLANCE DRONES & CAM]AS4 ,NONVIOL5CE PRACTITION]S CAN BUY TIME = B>RICAD]S1 :OSE WORKS CAN LAT] ALLEVIATE ! NE$ = NONVIOL5CE TO SECURE ! FRONT L9E4 

,H]E WE SEE ?AT AN 9T]NALLY DIV]SE & COMPLEX CR[D IS MORE P[]FUL ?AN A CR[D ?AT IS HOMOG5\S4 ,WE USE ! T]M COMPOSITION TO NAME ?IS PH5OM5ON ( MAXIMIZ+ COMPLEM5T>Y PRACTICAL DIV]SITY4 ,IT IS DI/9CT FROM ORGANIZATION BECAUSE ! ROLES >E ELECTIVE1 9DIVIDUALS CAN %IFT BETWE5 !M AS NE$$ OR DESIR$1 & !RE >E NO LEAD]S TO ASSIGN OR COORD9ATE !M4 ,CR[DS ?AT =M & FI<T ?R\< COMPOSITION >E MORE EFFECTIVE AGA9/ ! POLICE NOT ONLY BECAUSE !Y T5D TO BE MORE DIFFICULT TO CONTROL1 BUT ALSO BECAUSE ! 9TELLIG5CE ?AT ANIMATES !M RESPONDS TO & EVOLVES ALONGSIDE ! REALLY EXI/+ SITUATION ON ! GR\ND1 RA!R ?AN ACCORD+ TO PREEXI/+ CONCEPTIONS ( :AT A BATTLE 0\<T0 TO LOOK LIKE4 ,NOT ONLY >E 0COMPOSITIONAL0 CR[DS MORE LIKELY TO 5GAGE ! POLICE 9 BATTLES ( ATTRITION1 BUT !Y >E MORE LIKELY TO HAVE ! FLUIDITY ?AT IS NECESS>Y TO W94 

,AS A F9AL REM>K ON ?IS1 WE MAY CONTRA/ COMPOSITION ) ! IDEA ( 0DIV]SITY ( TACTICS0 US$ BY ! ALT]-GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T4 0,DIV]SITY ( TACTICS0 WAS ! IDEA ?AT DIFF]5T GR\PS AT AN ACTION %\LD USE DIFF]5T TACTICAL MEANS 9 DIFF]5T TIMES OR SPACES 9 ORD] TO WORK T[>D A %>$ GOAL4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 0,Y\ DO Y\ & ,I'LL DO ME10 BUT )\T ANY REG>D = H[ :AT ,I'M DO+ COMPLEM5TS :AT Y\'RE DO+ & VICE-V]SA4 ,DIV]SITY ( TACTICS IS ACTIVI/ CODE = 0TOL]ANCE40 ,! CR[D ?AT =M$ ON ,MAY #bg AGA9/ ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT DID NOT 0PRACTICE ! DIV]SITY ( TACTICS10 BUT CAME TOGE!R BY CONNECT+ DIFF]5T TACTICS & ROLES TO EA* O!R 9 A %>$ SPACE-TIME ?AT 5ABL$ P>TICIPANTS TO DEPLOY EA* TACTIC AS ! SITUATION REQUIR$4 

,! ,AMBIGUITY ( ,VIOL5CE & ,NON-,VIOL5CE ON ! ,FRONT ,L9ES 

,WE >E US$ TO SEE+ MORE CONFRONTATIONAL TACTICS US$ TO %IELD ?OSE PRACTIC+ NONVIOL5CE1 AS 9 ,/&+ ,ROCK & ,*>LOTTESVILLE OR 9 ! FIGURE ( ! 0FRONT-L9]0 9 ,HONG ,KONG4 ,H[EV]1 ! REV]SAL ( ?IS RELATION%IP DIVID$ ! FUNCTIONS ( ! 0MILITANT FRONT-L9]0 7A LA ,HONG ,KONG7 ACROSS TWO SEP>ATE ROLES3 %IELD+ ! CR[D & C\NT]-(F5SE4 ,?IS NEV] ROSE TO ! LEVEL ( AN EXPLICIT /RATEGY 9 ! /REETS2 !RE W]E NO CALLS TO 0%IELD ! ?R[]S40 ,9 ! ,U,S CONTEXT1 :]E NONVIOL5CE & ITS ATT5DANT 9NOC5CE N>RATIVES >E DEEPLY 5TR5*$ 9 /RUGGLES AGA9/ /ATE RACISM1 IT IS UNCLE> IF ?IS /RATEGY C\LD FUNCTION EXPLICITLY )\T BALLI/ICS CREWS FIR/ TAK+ RISKS TO 9VITE BLOOD%$ UPON !MSELVES4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 IT APPE>S LIKELY ?AT ! JO9+ ( BALLI/ICS TACTICS & NONVIOL5CE 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY A TACITLY %>$ P]CEPTION ( ! IMPORTANCE ( SELF-SACRIFICE 9 CONFRONT+ ! /ATE ?AT =C$ ALL SIDES TO PU% ?R\< !IR FE>4 

,YET ?IS %>$ P]CEPTION ( RISK ONLY GOES SO F>4 ,:ILE PEACEFUL PROTE/]S PROBABLY VIEW$ EA* O!R'S GE/URES AS MORAL SYMBOLS AGA9/ POLICE VIOL5CE1 BALLI/ICS SQUADS UND\BT$LY VIEW$ ?OSE GE/URES DIFF]5TLY1 NAMELY1 AS %IELDS1 OR AS MAT]IALLY /RATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES4 ,H]E AGA91 WE MAY HI<LI<T ! P[] ( ! WAY ?AT COMPOSITION PLAYS \T 9 REAL SITUATIONS1 BY PO9T+ \T H[ IT ALL[S ! POSSIBILITY ?AT TOTALLY DIFF]5T UND]/&+S ( ! SAME TACTIC CAN COEXI/ SIDE BY SIDE4 ,WE COMB9E )\T BECOM+ ! SAME1 WE MOVE TOGE!R )\T UND]/&+ ONE ANO!R1 & YET IT WORKS4 

,!RE >E POT5TIAL LIMITS TO DIVID+ FRONT-L9] FUNCTIONS ACROSS !SE ROLES4 ,FIR/1 IT DOESN'T *ALL5GE ! VALORIZATION ( SUFF]+ 9 ! POLITICS ( NONVIOL5CE4 ,SECOND1 IT LEAVES ! VALUE ( BALLI/IC CONFRONTATION AMBIGU\S BY PREV5T+ IT FROM COALESC+ 9 A /ABLE ROLE AT ! FRONT ( ! CR[D4 ,IT IS UND5IABLE ?AT ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 TAK5 )\T BALLI/IC TACTICS4 ,H[EV]1 BECAUSE ! FRONT L9E WAS ID5TIFI$ ) NONVIOL5CE1 ! SPATIAL & SYMBOLIC IMPORTANCE ( BALLI/ICS WAS IMPLICITLY SECOND>Y4 ,?IS LEAVES US TO WOND] :E!R ?IS HAS MADE IT EASI] = C\NT]-9SURG5CY TO TAKE ROOT 9 ! MOVEM5T ?R\< 0COMMUNITY POLIC+0 & ITS COROLL>Y1 ! SELF-POLIC+ ( DEMON/RATIONS & MOVEM5TS )9 ! B\NDS ( NONVIOL5CE4 

,WE BELIEVE ?AT ! BIGGE/ DANG] FAC+ ! CURR5T MOVEM5T WAS ALREADY PRES5T AT ! ,BATTLE ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT--NAMELY1 ! DANG] ( RUMORS & P>ANOIA4 ,WE MA9TA9 ?AT ! PRACTICE ( 0FACT *ECK+0 IS CRUCIAL = ! CURR5T MOVEM5T TO M9IMIZE CONFUSION AB\T ! T]RA9 & 9T]NAL DI/RU/ AB\T ITS [N COMPOSITION4 

,WE HE>D A LITANY ( RUMORS ?R\<\T ,DAY ,TWO4 ,WE W]E TOLD REPEAT$LY ?AT RIOT POLICE RE9=CEM5TS W]E ON !IR WAY TO KETTLE US4 ,WE W]E W>N$ BY FLEE+ CR[D MEMB]S ?AT ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D WAS 0TW5TY M9UTES AWAY40 ,A :ITE LADY PULL$ UP ALONGSIDE US 9 H] VAN & SCREAM$ 0,! ,G,A,S ,L,9,E,S ,9 ,! ,B,U,R,N,+ ,A,U,T,O,Z,O,N,E ,>,E ,G,O,N,N,A ,B,L,[,W,W6660 ,ALL ( !SE RUMORS PROV$ TO BE FALSE4 ,AS EXPRESSIONS ( PANICK$ ANXIETY1 !Y ALWAYS PRODUC$ ! SAME EFFECT3 TO MAKE ! CR[D SECOND-GUESS !IR P[]4 ,IT WAS ALMO/ AS IF C]TA9 MEMB]S ( ! CR[D EXP]I5C$ A =M ( V]TIGO 9 ! FACE ! P[] ?AT !Y NONE!LESS HELP$ TO =GE4 

,IT IS NECESS>Y TO 9T]RUPT ! RUMORS BY ASK+ QUE/IONS ( ?OSE REPEAT+ !M4 ,!RE >E SIMPLE QUE/IONS ?AT WE CAN ASK TO HALT ! SPREAD ( FE> & RUMORS ?AT HAVE ! EFFECT ( WEAK5+ ! CR[D4 0,H[ DO Y\ KN[ ?IS80 0,:O TOLD Y\ ?IS80 0,:AT IS ! S\RCE ( Y\R 9=MATION80 0,IS ?IS A CONFIRM$ FACT80 0,! EVID5CE SEEMS 9CONCLUSIVE2 :AT ASSUMPTIONS >E Y\ US+ TO MAKE A JUDGM5T80 

,ALONG ) RUMORS1 !RE IS ALSO ! PROBLEM ( ATTRIBUT+ DISPROPORTIONATE IMPORTANCE TO C]TA9 FEATURES ( ! CONFLICT4 ,GO+ 9TO ,DAY ,TWO1 ONE ( ! DOM9ANT /ORYL9ES WAS ! ?REAT ( 0,BOOGALOO BOYS10 :O HAD %[$ UP ! PREVI\S DAY4 ,?IS SURPRIS$ US BECAUSE WE DIDN'T 5C\NT] !M ON ,DAY ,ONE4 ,WE SAW HALF A DOZ5 ( !M ON ,DAY ,TWO1 BUT !Y HAD RELEGAT$ !MSELVES TO ! SIDEL9ES ( AN EV5T ?AT \T/RIPP$ !M4 ,DESPITE !IR PROCLAIM$ SYMPA?Y ) ,GEORGE ,FLOYD1 A C\PLE ( !M LAT] /OOD GU>D 9 FRONT ( A BUS9ESS TO DEF5D IT FROM LOOT]S4 ,?IS DEMON/RAT$ NOT ONLY ! LIMIT ( !IR CLAIM$ SOLID>ITY1 BUT ALSO ( !IR /RATEGIC S5SIBILITY4 

,F9ALLY1 WE AWOKE ON ,DAY ,?REE TO SO-CALL$ REPORTS ?AT EI!R POLICE PROVOCATEURS OR \TSIDE AGITATORS W]E RESPONSIBLE = ! PREVI\S DAY'S DE/RUCTION4 ,T>GET1 ,CUB ,FOODS1 ,AUTOZONE1 ,W5DY'S1 & A HALF-CON/RUCT$ CONDOM9IUM HI< RISE HAD ALL GONE UP 9 FLAMES BY ! 5D ( ! NI<T4 ,WE CANNOT DISC\NT ! POSSIBILITY ?AT ANY NUMB] ( HO/ILE =CES S\<T TO SME> ! CR[D BY ESCALAT+ ! DE/RUCTION ( PROP]TY4 ,IF ?AT IS TRUE1 H[EV]1 IT CANNOT BE D5I$ ?AT !IR PLAN BACKFIR$ SPECTACUL>LY4 

,9 G5]AL1 ! CR[D LOOK$ UPON !SE SUBLIME FIRES ) AWE & APPROVAL4 ,EV5 ON ! SECOND NI<T1 :5 ! CONDOM9IUM DEVELOPM5T BECAME FULLY 5GULF$1 ! CR[D SAT ACROSS FROM IT ON #b#f? ,AV5UE & RE/$ AS IF GA!R$ >\ND A BONFIRE4 ,EA* /RUCTURE FIRE CONTRIBUT$ TO ! MAT]IAL ABOLITION ( ! EXI/+ /ATE ( ?+S & ! R$UCTION TO A% BECAME ! CR[D'S SEAL ( VICTORY4 ,9/EAD ( BELIEV+ ! RUMORS AB\T PROVOCATEURS OR AGITATORS1 WE F9D IT MORE PLAUSIBLE ?AT PEOPLE :O HAVE BE5 OPPRESS$ = C5TURIES1 :O >E POOR1 & :O >E />+ D[N ! B>REL ( A ,SECOND ,GREAT ,DEPRESSION W\LD RA!R SET ! WORLD ON FIRE ?AN SUFF] ! SI<T ( ITS ORD]4 ,WE 9T]PRET ! /RUCTURE FIRES AS SIGNIFY+ ?AT ! CR[D KNEW ?AT ! /RUCTURES ( ! POLICE1 :ITE SUPREMACY1 & CLASS >E BAS$ 9 MAT]IAL =CES & BUILD+S4 

,= ?IS REASON1 WE MA9TA9 ?AT WE %\LD ASSESS ! ?REAT POS$ BY POSSIBLE PROVOCATEURS1 9FILTRATORS1 & AGITATORS ON ! BASIS ( :E!R !IR ACTIONS DIRECTLY 5HANCE OR DIM9I% ! P[] ( ! CR[D4 ,WE HAVE LE>N$ ?AT DOZ5S ( /RUCTURE FIRES >E NOT 5\< TO DIM9I% 0PUBLIC SUPPORT0 = ! MOVEM5T--?\< NO ONE C\LD HAVE IMAG9$ ?IS BE=EH&4 ,H[EV]1 ?OSE :O FILM$ CR[D MEMB]S DE/ROY+ PROP]TY OR BREAK+ ! LAW--REG>DLESS ( :E!R !Y 9T5D$ TO 9=M LAW 5=CEM5T AG5CIES--POS$ A MAT]IAL ?REAT TO ! CR[D1 BECAUSE 9 ADDITION TO BOL/]+ CONFUSION & FE>1 !Y EMP[]$ ! /ATE ) ACCESS TO 9=MATION4 

,PO/SCRIPT3 ,VISIONS ( ! ,COMMUNE 

,EV] S9CE ,GUY ,DEBORD'S #aife TEXT 0,! ,DECL9E & ,FALL ( ! ,SPECTACLE-,COMMODITY ,ECONOMY10 !RE HAS BE5 A RI* TRADITION ( MEMORIALIZ+ ! EM]G5CE ( COMMUNAL SOCIAL LIFE 9 RIOTS4 ,RIOTS ABOLI% CAPITALI/ SOCIAL RELATIONS1 :I* ALL[S = NEW RELATIONS BETWE5 PEOPLE & ! ?+S ?AT MAKE UP !IR WORLD4 ,H]E IS \R EVID5CE4 

,:5 ! LIQUOR /ORE WAS OP5$1 DOZ5S CAME \T ) CASES ( BE]1 :I* W]E SET ON ! GR\ND ) SWAGG] = EV]YONE TO %>E4 ,! CR[D'S BE] ( *OICE WAS ,CORONA4 

,WE SAW A MAN WALK CALMLY \T ( ! /ORE ) BO? >MS FULL ( :ISKEY4 ,HE GAVE ONE TO EA* P]SON HE PASS$ AS HE WALK$ (F TO REJO9 ! FI<T4 ,SOME ( ! EMPTI$ LIQUOR BOTTLES ON ! /REET W]E LAT] ?R[N AT ! POLICE4 

,) BUILD+S AFLAME ALL >\ND US1 A MAN WALK$ BY & SAID TO NO ONE 9 P>TICUL>1 0,?AT TOBACCO %OP US$ TO HAVE A GREAT DEAL ON LOOSIES444 OH WELL4 ,FUCK 'EM40 

,WE SAW A WOMAN WALK+ A GROC]Y C>T FULL ( ,PAMP]S & /EAKS BACK TO H] H\SE4 ,A GR\P ?AT WAS TAK+ A SNACK & WAT] BREAK ON ! CORN] CLAPP$ 9 APPLAUSE AS %E ROLL$ BY4 

,AFT] A GR\P OP5$ ! ,AUTOZONE1 PEOPLE SAT 9SIDE SMOK+ CIG>ETTES AS !Y WAT*$ ! BATTLE BETWE5 COPS & REBELS FROM BEH9D ! FRONT W9D[4 ,ONE C\LD SEE !M PO9T+ BACK & =? BETWE5 ! POLICE & ELEM5TS 9 ! CR[D AS !Y SPOKE & NODD+ 9 RESPONSE TO EA* O!R4 ,W]E !Y SEE+ ! SAME ?+S WE W]E SEE+8 

,WE %OPP$ = %OES 9 ! RANSACK$ /OR]OOM ( A LOOT$ ,FOOT ,LOCK]4 ,! FLOOR WAS COV]$ WALL TO WALL ) HALF-DE/ROY$ %OEBOXES1 TISSUE PAP]1 & %OES4 ,PEOPLE CALL$ \T = SIZES & TYPES AS !Y RUMMAG$4 ,WE SP5T FIFTE5 M9UTES JU/ TO F9D A MAT*+ PAIR UNTIL WE HE>D ! D9 ( BATTLE & DIPP$4 

,ON ,DAY ,?REE1 ! FLOORS ( ! GROC]Y /ORES ?AT HAD BE5 P>TIALLY BURN$ \T W]E COV]$ 9 9*ES ( SPR9KL] WAT] & A F\L MIX ( FOOD ?AT HAD BE5 ?R[N FROM ! %ELVES4 ,/ILL1 PEOPLE 9 RA9 BOOTS C\LD BE F\ND 9SIDE COMB+ OV] ! REMA9+ GOODS LIKE !Y W]E %OPP+ = DEALS4 ,GLEAN]S HELP$ EA* O!R /EP OV] DANG]\S OBJECTS &1 AGA91 %>$ !IR LOOT \TSIDE4 

,AS ! POLICE MADE !IR RETREAT1 A Y\NG ,SOMALI WOMAN DRESS$ 9 TRADITIONAL G>B CELEBRAT$ BY DIGG+ UP A L&SCAP+ BRICK & UNC]EMONI\SLY HEAV+ IT ?R\< A BUS /OP %ELT] W9D[4 ,H] FRI5DS--ALSO TRADITIONALLY DRESS$--RAIS$ !IR FI/S & DANC$4 

,A MASK$ %IRTLESS MAN SKIPP$ PA/ ! BURN+ ,PREC9CT & PUMP$ HIS FI/S1 %\T+1 0,C,O,V,I,D ,I,S ,O,V,]60 :ILE TW5TY FEET AWAY1 SOME TE5AGE GIRLS TOOK A GR\P SELFIE4 ,9/EAD ( SAY+ 0,*EESE60 !Y SAID 0,DEA? TO ! PIGS60 ,LAS]S FLA%$ ACROSS ! SMOKE-FILL$ SKY AT A POLICE HELICOPT] OV]HEAD4 

,WE PASS$ A LIQUOR /ORE ?AT WAS BE+ LOOT$ AS WE WALK$ AWAY FROM ! BE/ P>TY ON ,E>?4 ,A MO!R & H] TWO Y\NG TE5AG]S ROLL$ UP 9 !IR C> & ASK$ IF !RE WAS ANY GOOD BOOZE LEFT4 0,HELL YEA6 ,GET SOME60 ,! DAU<T] GR9N$ & SAID1 0,COME ON6 ,I'LL HELP Y\ ,MOMMY60 ,!Y DONN$ !IR ,C,O,V,I,D MASKS & M>*$ (F4 

,A DAY LAT]1 BE=E ! ASSAULT ON ! ,FIF? ,PREC9CT1 !RE WAS MASS LOOT+ 9 ! ,MIDT[N NEI<BORHOOD4 ,A Y\NG KID :O C\LDN'T BE MORE ?AN SEV5 OR EI<T YE>S OLD WALK$ UP TO US ) A :ISKEY BOTTLE SPORT+ A RAG COM+ \T ! TOP4 0,Y'ALL GOT A LI<T80 ,WE LAU<$ & ASK$1 0,:AT DO Y\ WANNA HIT80 ,HE PO9T$ TO A FRI5DLY GROC]Y /ORE & WE ASK$ IF HE C\LD F9D 0AN 5EMY T>GET40 ,HE IMM$IATELY TURN$ TO ! ,U,S ,BANK ACROSS ! /REET4 

0,?IS IS AN>*Y40 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,SIEGE ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,! ,SIEGE ( ! ,?IRD ,PREC9CT 9 ,M9NEAPOLIS -- ,UPDAT$4 

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