,! ,RISE & ,FALL ( ,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE 

#bae 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS5 

,TEXT 3 

0,! *A9S ( AU?ORIT>IANISM & CAPITALISM CAN ONLY BE %ATT]$ :5 !Y >E BROK5 AT MANY L9KS4 ,V]MONT IS \R HOME1 & IT S]VES AS ! ONE L9K ?AT WE CAN ACCESS1 BUT IT IS ONLY ONE4 ,ANY VICTORY H]E W\LD ONLY BE P>TIAL4 ,DELIV]ANCE TO ! ,PROMIS$ ,L& WILL ONLY COME :5 MANY MORE ?AN US RISE UP AGA9/ ?AT :I* HOLDS ! MULTITUDE 9 BONDAGE40 

-,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE1 ,FROM ,V]MONT ,SECESSION 

,9TRODUCTION3 

,MONTPELI]1 ,V]MONT -,E/ABLI%$ 9 #b1 9 A COOP]ATIVE H\SEHOLD LOCAT$ AT ! T]M9ATION ( A WOOD$ DIRT ROAD 9 ,S\!RN ,V]MONT1 ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE 7,G,M,A,C71 = A TIME1 DID ITS P>T 9 C>RY+ =? ,V]MONT'S LONG TRADITION ( RADICAL1 LEFTI/ POLITICS4 ,F\ND$ 9 ,W9DHAM ,C\NTY BY ,NATA%A ,VOL9E1 ,JOHNNY ,MIDNI<T1 ,XAVI] ,MASSOT1 & 7MYSELF7 ,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS51 ! COLLECTIVE WAS BIR!D ) /RONG ,SITUATIONI/1 LEFTI/1 & MILITANT 9CL9ATIONS4 ,! ORIG9AL ,G,M,A,C NUCLEUS LIV$ TOGE!R 7) ALONG ) COMRADES ,IMELDA ,R1 ,BRIDGET ,M1 & ,T$ ,K71 & OP]AT$ AS A K9D ( \TLAW COMMUNITY1 CONNECT$ TO ! BROAD] >EA C\NT] CULTURE BAS$ 9 & >\ND ,BRATTLEBORO4 ,TOGE!R1 !Y FUNCTION$ ON A CA% @& B>T] BASIS1 OP5+ PHONE & UTILITY ACC\NTS UND] ASSUM$ NAMES4 ,!Y ADORN$ ! WALLS ) /OL5 ,SALVADOR ,DALI WORKS4 ,TORR ,SKOOG & ,LIAM ,CRILL1 ( ! ,BO/ON B& ! ,K+S ( ,NU?9 .<:O ,MASSOT BEFRI5D$ %ORTLY AFT] HE EMIGRAT$ FROM HIS NATIVE ,FRANCE.>1 W]E OCCASIONAL VISITORS4 ,HALF ( ! H\SEHOLD'S 9COME CAME FROM ! BLACK M>KET1 ! RE/ FROM A S+LE /UD5T LOAN & OCCASIONAL MANUAL LABOR .<ONCE BE+ PAID TO BUILD A BIRD AVI>Y = ,K]MIT ,W -! RUMOR$ SON ( ,EGYPT'S ,NASS].>4 ,ONE H\SEHOLD MEMB] WAS WANT$ BY ! LAW 7FAC+ SOME YE>S 9 PRISON72 ANO!R WAS AN >TI/2 TWO W]E BR\<T UP 9 /RONG UNION H\SEHOLDS2 A FEW EXP]IM5T$ 9 POETRY2 ! H\SEHOLD 9CLUD$ TWO GUIT>S & A FIVE PIECE DRUM SET 9 ! LIV+ ROOM4 ,ALL PRES5T %>$ AN 9T]E/ 9 FUR!R+ A MORE CREATIVE1 LIFE AFFIRM+1 & NON-CAPITALI/ FUTURE4 ,:5 NOT CUTT+ !IR-[N WOOD TO FE$ ! /OVE 7:I* WAS TYPICALLY ! CASE71 !Y 0BORR[$0 A HALF CORD AT A TIME FROM UNOCCUPI$ VACATION HOMES SCATT]$ ?R\<\T ! >EA4 ,TRIPS TO T[N (T5 9VOLV$ BE] AT ! ,COMMON ,GR\ND 7A CO-OP F\ND$ BY LOCAL COMMUNES 9 ! #a#i#gS71 OR @s#e4#d D\BLE :ISKEYS AT ,MIKE'S 7A R\<->\ND-!-$GES WORK+ CLASS TAV]N ON ,ELLIOT ,/REET74 ,H[EV]1 T[N1 BE+ #ae MILES AWAY1 L>GELY REMA9$ UN-VISIT$4 ,9/EAD1 T>GET %OOT+ (F ! BACK POR* ) 4#b#b'S @& ,S,K,S'S1 MAK+ FIRECRACK]S \T ( BLACK P[D]1 LI/5+ TO ,! ,CLA% @& ,JOHNNY ,CA%1 TRY+ TO GET A HALF JUNK$ #e#f' ,*EVY WORK+1 LONG CONV]SATIONS1 *ESS1 /RONG M>IJUANA 7V]Y /RONG M>IJUANA71 VIGOR\S DEBATE1 & 9T5SIVELY READ+ FROM ! ,SITUATIONI/1 ,EXI/5TIALI/1 ,AN>*I/1 & ,M>XI/ CANNONS FILL$ ! TIME UNTIL A MORE DIRECT POLITICAL 9VOLVEM5T CAME TO BE4 

,:5 ?IS GR\P F\ND$ ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE1 IT WAS AGRE$ ?AT ITS FIR/ TASK W\LD BE TO PROVIDE SUPPORT & TACTICAL 9NOVATION TO ! ,BLACK ,BLOC & GR[+ REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ MOVEM5T2 A MOVEM5T :I* WAS GA9+ /EAM 9 ! IMM$IATE AFT]MA? ( ! ,BATTLE ( ,SEATTLE .<#a#i#i#i.>4 ,:AT M>K$ ,G,M,A,C AS DIFF]5T FROM SOME AN>*I/ OR LEFTI/ COLLECTIVES1 WAS ?AT IT WAS AN*OR$ 9 A DEEPLY RURAL COMMUNITY ) A /RONG TRADITION ( LOCAL DEMOCRACY 7,T[N ,MEET+71 & ?IS BROAD] COMMUNITY 7,V]MONT7 ITSELF WAS PREMIS$ UPON A REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+ PRIOR TO ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,W> .<! GU]RILLA W> AGA9/ = ,ROYAL ,NEW ,YORK ,COLONY1 #a#g#g-#a#g#g#e.>4 ,!SE FACTS1 AS MU* AS ! >TWORK ( ,DADA1 ,RUSSIAN ,FUTURI/S1 OR ! WRIT+S ( ,DEB\RD1 ,BAKUN9 OR ,M>X1 CAME TO =M ! RADICAL WORLD VIEW ( ?IS COLLECTIVE1 :ILE ALSO 9FLU5C+ ! CONT5T ( ITS [N WRIT+S4 ,9 BRIEF1 ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE1 AT ITS BE/1 HELP$ TO GIVE VOICE & ORGANIZ$ ACTION TO ! AN>*I/ & LEFTI/ PRESCRIPTIONS CONC]N+ ! PROBLEMS ( MOD]N CAPITALISM1 :ILE ALSO FRAM+ SU* RADICAL PA?S ( PROGRESSIVE *ANGE 9 AN OLD WORLD LANGUAGE P>TICUL> TO ,V]MONT2 ,!IR REVOLUTION>Y CANNON BE+ ONE P>T ,DEB\RD1 ONE P>T ,BAKUN91 & TWO P>TS ,E?AN ,ALL5 @& ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,BOYS4 ,?AT SAID1 ! FULL REALIZATION ( ?IS REVOLUTION>Y LANGUAGE DID NOT APPE> UPON CONCEPTION4 ,RA!R1 ,G,M,A,C EVOLV$ AS ! SCOPE ( ITS COMMUNITY ORGANIZ+ EXP]I5CES EXP&$4 

,! ,POLITICAL ,PREMISE3 

,FROM ! />T1 ! COLLECTIVE1 :I* WAS NEV] A MASS ORGANIZATION-BUT RA!R A TI<TLY KNIT CADRE1 HELD AN AN>*I/-LEFTI/ POLITICAL POSITION 9FLU5C$ BY ,SITUATIONI/ CONCEPTS4 ,IT >GU$ ?AT A DEVELOP$ TW5TY-FIR/ C5TURY CAPITALISM1 9 ADDITION TO P]PETUAT+ CLASSIC CLASS OPPRESSION1 REPRES5TS A FUR!R AB/RACTION ( ORGANIC EXI/5CE2 ONE :I* SEEKS TO HAVE ! 9DIVIDUAL 7& BY EXT5SION ! GR\P7 SUBORD9ATE ITS NOTION ( REALITY TO ! >TIFICIAL S+UL>ITY ( 'CAPITAL' AS A UNIV]SAL COMMODITY 7) ALL ASPECTS ( CONTEMPOR>Y EXI/5CE BE+ UND]/OOD AS COMMODITIES74 ,H[EV]1 ! CONTEMPOR>Y NATURE ( 'CAPITAL'1 = ! MO/ P>T1 NO LONG] BE+ L9K$ TO A UNIV]SALLY RECOGNIZ$ 7TANGIBLE7 SIGNIFI] 7BE IT GOLD1 SILV]1 OR EV5 PAP] MONEY71 MAKES 'CAPITAL' 9TO A K9D ( ',HOLY ,<O/' ( ! CURR5T ,WE/]N ,WORLD4 ,9 SU*1 CAPITAL1 & !RE=E CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM1 BECOMES AK9 TO A PO/-RELIGI\S & ALL REA*+ GRID ( P]CEPTION4 ,BY A*IEV+ ?IS1 CAPITALISM MA9TA9S ITS ECONOMIC PRIMACY :ILE ALSO REA*+ 9TO A REALM PREVI\SLY RES]V$ = RELIGI\S OR MY/ICAL UND]/&+2 IT BECOMES AN EPI/EMOLOGY1 ONTOLOGY1 & A ! MEANS BY :I* A K9D ( DAILY SURVIVAL IS P]PETUAT$4 ,SU* IS ! S+UL>ITY ( ?IS =M ( CAPITALISM ?AT ITS 9T]NAL LOGIC DICTATES A COLONIZATION NOT ONLY =EIGN M>KETS 7AS ) CONV5TIONAL LAT]-/AGE CAPITALISM71 BUT ALSO ! COLONIZATION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL'S SUBJECTIVE ?\<TS1 DESIRES1 P]CEIV$ NE$S1 ETC44 ,& H]E1 UPON SUCCESS1 A K9D ( >TIFICIAL OBJECTIVITY IS CREAT$ :]E OBJECTIVITY IS1 9 REALITY1 VOID4 ,?US ! DANG] ( A MORE /ABLE OPPRESSIVE SOCIAL_/ECONOMIC_/CULTURAL SUP] /RUCTURE BECOMES APP>5T4 

,G,M,A,C ALSO HELD ?AT ?IS MODEL ( 9DIVIDUAL & MASS P]CEPTION P]PETUATES A UNEQUITABLE1 UNFULFILL+1 & OPPRESSIVE CLASS SY/EM :]EBY ! MANY >E SUBORD9ATE TO ! FEW 9S(> AS ?IS NEW CAMPAIGN TO COMMODIFY ! SUBJECTIVE M9D S]VES ! SAME BASIC ROLE AS ! COLONIZATION ( =EIGN T]RITORIES DID DUR+ ! N9ETE5? & TW5TIE? C5TURIES2 NAMELY ! CREATION ( NEW FRONTI] ACCESSIBLE TO ! PRIM>Y & SECOND>Y EXPLOITIVE RELATION%IPS TO CAPITALI/ M>KETS4 ,! FEW :O ECONOMICALLY B5EFIT FROM ?IS NEW COLONIZATION 7& ! RESULT+ BUY+ & SELL+ ( FALSE OR P]CEIV$ WANT71 = !IR P>T1 ALSO BECOME SUBORD9ATE TO ! AB/RACT SY/EM :I* O/5SIBLY S]VES !IR MAT]IAL 7M9ORITY7 ECONOMIC 9T]E/S4 ,FUR!RMORE1 BY SOCIETY FOCUS+ MASS AM\NTS ( TIME1 5]GY1 & RES\RCES 9TO ! CREATION ( SU* NE$S 7ADV]TIS+1 PUBLIC MESSAG+1 ETC471 & !N MANUFACTUR+ ! OBJECTS ( !SE NE$S1 REQUIRES ! EQUIVAL5T AM\NT ( SOCIAL 5]GY BE+ TAK5 AWAY FROM TASKS :I* C\LD S]VE ! REAL 9T]E/ ( HUMANITY4 ,AS SU*1 ,G,M,A,C >GU$ ?AT HUMAN GR[? & POLITICAL_/ECONOMIC EQUALITY 7NOT TO M5TION SU/A9ABILITY7 W\LD COME ONLY ?R\< ! SUCCESS ( A MILITANT REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T :I* W\LD SEEK TO OV]?R[ NOT ONLY ! POLITICAL & ECONOMIC /RUCTURES :I* SUPPORT ! /ATUS QUO1 BUT ALSO ! PR$OM9ATE NEW CULTURE 7REF]R$ TO BY ,G,M,A,C AS ANTI-CULTURE7 :I* ALL[S = ! ABSURD TO BECOME ACCEPT$ FACT4 ,!RE=E ! REVOLUTION REQUIR$ TO DELIV] A VICTORY AGA9/ ! NEW CAPITALISM1 W\LD NOT ONLY TAKE MILITANT ACTION AGA9/ ! /ATE1 BUT ALSO A C\NT]-CULTURAL EF=T AGA9/ ?AT :I* IS P]CEIV$ TO BE2 ?IS VICTORI\S REVOLUTION W\LD CONC]N ITSELF NOT ONLY ) GUNS & BUTT]1 BUT ALSO ) MUSIC & >T4 ,G,M,A,C FUR!R >GU$ ?AT BO? ! PHYSICAL & CULTURAL RESI/ANCE MU/ BE EMANAT$ FROM ! BOTTOM UP 79 L9E ) RADICAL DEMOCRATIC PR9CIPLES71 9 ORD] TO REFLECT ! REALIZ$ GOALS ( A NON-ALI5AT$1 EQUITABLE1 PO/-REVOLUTION>Y SOCIETY1 :]EBY ! 9DIVIDUAL 7& GR\P BY EXT5SION7 C\LD REALIZE ITS CREATIVE POT5TIAL ?R\< A COLLABORATIVE NEXUS ( FREE EXPRESSION1 EXP]IM5TATION1 & BASIC COOP]ATION4 ,& F9ALLY1 9 ?AT IT W\LD TAKE ! MANY TO OV]COME ! FEW 7OR 9 RELATION TO ! ANTI-CULTURE1 TO OV]COME ! /RIV+ TOTALITY71 & BECAUSE IT IS ! MANY :O SUFF] MO/ 9 ! CURR5T EXPLOITATIVE P>ADIGM 7& >E IT'S NATURAL FOE71 ,G,M,A,C UND]/OOD ! NE$ = ?IS REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS TO BE AN EXPRESSION ( ! MAJORITY ECONOMIC /RATUM2 ! WORK+ CLASS4 

,! COLLECTIVE1 :ILE />T+ L>GELY AS A SUPPORT CELL = ! MILITANT MOVEM5T \TSIDE ,V]MONT1 SOON BECAME DEEPLY 5GAG$ 9 LOCAL EF=TS TO BR+ AB\T RADICAL *ANGE 9 ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9S4 ,!SE EF=TS T5D$ TO BE GR\ND$ 9 ! LABOR MOVEM5T1 BUT ALSO1 AT TIMES1 V5TUR$ 9TO ! /RUGGLE ( ! SMALL F>M]S4 ,AS ,G,M,A,C BECOME MORE & MORE VE/$ 9 ! LOCAL /RUGGLE AGA9/ CAPITALISM 7& = A DIRECT DEMOCRACY71 !Y ALSO BECAME MORE DRAWN TO ,V]MONT'S UNIQUE CULTURAL POSITS :I* T5D TO RUN C\NT] TO ! L>G] CONSUM] CULTURE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,& ) SU* CULTURAL DIFF]5CE1 ,G,M,A,C S\<T TO BUILD A BRIDGE FROM ! DI/ANT MEMORY ( RURAL 9SURRECTION1 OV] ! DEMONS ( MOD]N CAPITALISM1 TO ! REALIZATION ( A SOCIALI/ COMMUNITY 5TR5*$ 9 ! IDEALS ( AN EXP&$ ,T[N ,MEET+ DEMOCRACY2 A K9D ( ,GUY ,DEB\RD & ,JEAN ,PAUL ,S>TRE MEET YEOMAN F>M]S ) ASPIRATIONS4 

,! ,BLACK ,BLOC & ,BEYOND3 

,FROM ITS 9CEPTION1 ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE RECOGNIZ$ ! HI/ORIC IMPORTANCE & POT5TIAL = *ANGE 9 ! GR[+ ANTI-GLOBALIZATION MOVEM5T4 ,H]E ,G,M,A,C POSIT$ ?AT ?IS MOVEM5T WAS 9CL9$ TO QUE/ION NOT ONLY ! NEGATIVE 7SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC1 5VIRONM5TAL1 ETC47 SYMPTOMS ( ! FAILURE ( ! MOD]N AGE1 BUT ALSO WAS 9CL9$ TO LOOK = ! ROOT CASES2 ! MO!R DISEASE :I* BIR!D SAID SY/EMS4 ,& H]E ,G,M,A,C BELIEV$ ! LIKELY CONCLUSION ( ANY SU* MASS DIAGNOSIS W\LD BE ! UNVEIL+ ( CAPITALISM 7) ALL ITS CURR5T MUTATIONS7 AS ! ESS5TIAL PRIME MOV]4 ,GIV5 ?AT ORGANIZ$ LABOR & ! MASS 5VIRONM5TAL GR\PS W]E 9CREAS+LY 5GAG+ 9 ?IS MOVEM5T 7ALONG ) SMALL RADICAL CADRES FROM HUNDR$S IF NOT ?\S&S ( CITIES71 ! COLLECTIVE SAW ! POT5TIAL = A %IFT 9 POPUL> CONSCI\SNESS4 ,H[EV]1 ,G,M,A,C ALSO ASS]T$ ?AT CAPITALISM1 9CREAS+LY =TIFI$ BY NOT ONLY ! OBVI\S *A9S ( OPPRESSION1 BUT ALSO ) ! UNSE5 *A9S B9D+ 9DIVIDUALS ?R\< ! COLONIZATION ( ! M9D1 POSSESS ! ABILITY TO CREATE MANY FALSE CROSSROADS AIM$ AT FOOL+ OR MISDIRECT+ ! PEOPLE4 ,!RE=E1 A CONC]T$ & MILITANT EF=T W\LD HAVE TO BE 9S]T$ 9TO ?IS MOVEM5T 9 ORD] TO HELP CREATE ! CONDITIONS NECESS>Y = A K9D ( MASS CL>ITY2 ! REALITY ( ,BAKUN9'S 9/9CT TO REBEL4 ,& F9ALLY1 IT WAS >GU$ ?AT 9 ! FACE ( AN 9CREAS+ S+UL>ITY ( OPPRESSION1 PHYSICAL RESI/ANCE IS NOT ONLY A RI<T1 BUT A NECESSITY4 ,ON ! O!R H& NONVIOL5CE1 & NONVIOL5T RESI/ANCE1 AL?\< NOT COMPLETELY REJECT$ BY ,G,M,A,C1 WAS VIEW$ ) DI/RU/ BY ! COLLECTIVE4 ,SPECIFICALLY ,G,M,A,C QUE/ION$ :E!R OR NOT NONVIOL5CE1 IF NOT BALANC$ BY A P>ALLEL PHYSICAL MILITANCY1 W\LD 9CREASE ! LIKELIHOOD ( SUBM]G+ RESI/ANCE 9TO A QUAGMIRE ( /RICTLY SYMBOLIC ACTION :I* DOES LITTLE TO ?REAT5 A /ATUS QUO ALREADY RELATIVELY SECURE IT ITS EXP&+ S+UL>ITY4 ,:]E MILITANT & DIRECT RESI/ANCE CAN BE J>R+1 DISRUPTIVE1 & *ALL5G+1 PACIFISM1 TO ,G,M,A,C1 WAS UND]/OOD AS A SORT ( HOLL[ SELF-!RAPY2 A MILLION MAY WALK D[N ! ROAD C>RY+ A SIGN1 & ?\S&S MY BLOCK AN 9T]SECTION = A FEW H\RS1 BUT AT ! 5D ( ! DAY !SE ACTIONS1 ALONE1 DO NOT EMIT A CONTEXT ALT]+ EXP]I5CE TO ?OSE :O PASSIVELY VIEW !SE ACTIONS 7?R\< ! M$IA71 OR NECESS>ILY TO ?OSE ?AT TAKE P>T2 SU* ACTIVITIES1 ALONE1 DO NOT ?REAT5 ! ME*ANISMS ( CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM 9 A SU/A9$ WAY4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,G,M,A,C1 9 ! MORE DEVELOP$ CAPITALI/ WORLD SU* ACTIVITIES TYPICALLY C>RY LITTLE RISK2 H]E ! LACK ( RISK1 TO ! UN9ITIAT$ POPUL> M9D1 (T5 SUG>S \T 9TO A LACK ( FUNDAM5TAL 9T]E/2 TO ?OSE AT ! P9NACLE ( P[]1 AS LITTLE ?REAT4 ,9 BRIEF1 AN APO/ATE ?AT LIVES 9 ! WILD]NESS ?REAT5S NO BELIEV]4 

,G,M,A,C DID H[EV] MAKE A DI/9CTION BETWE5 NONVIOL5CE AS A TACTIC1 & NONVIOL5CE AS AN IDEOLOGY 7PACIFISM74 ,AS A TACTIC1 ! COLLECTIVE SAW A CONDITIONAL ROLE4 ,AS AN IDEOLOGY1 IT VIEW$ IT AS BORD]L9E 9SANE4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 ,G,M,A,C ACCEPT$ ?AT A TACTIC %\LD BE UTILIZ$ & JUDG$ BAS$ BO? ON CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS & SUCCESSFUL RESULTS4 ,AS AN IDEOLOGY1 IT VIEW$ IT AS A V]Y MATURE & BRILLIANT APP5DAGE TO ! ANTI-CULTURE 7CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM72 AS A K9D ( FALSE OPPOSITION TO ?AT :I* IS4 ,= ,G,M,A,C1 ONCE RESI/ANCE BECOMES SELF-LIMIT+ & NON-LE?AL TO ITS O!R1 ! O!R HAS TAK5 A V]Y F> & D>K /EP D[N ! ROAD ( TOTAL VICTORY2 TOTAL VICTORY H]E BE+ DEF9$ AS AN ALI5AT+ SOCIAL SY/EM :]EBY ! *A9S >E NO LONG] SE51 & :]EBY ! KEY IS LO/ TO ! COLLECTIVE MEMORY4 

,9 ! PAMPHLET1 ,ON ,! ,QUE/ION ( ,VIOL5CE & ,NON-,VIOL5CE1 .<,BLACK ,CLOV] ,PRESS1 ,V]MONT1 #b#a.> ! ,COLLECTIVE WROTE3 

0,CLE>LY !RE >E MANY CIRCUM/ANCES 9 :I* NONVIOL5T TACTICS >E NOT ONLY ADVISABLE1 BUT ALSO ! ONLY EFFECTIVE C\RSE POSSIBLE444 ?IS COMMITM5T TO NONVIOL5CE444 IS FUNDAM5TALLY BAS$ ON PRAGMATISM444 :ILE F9D+ ITS MAT]IAL EXI/5CE ?R\< ! IMPLEM5TATION ( TACTICS4 ,H[EV]1 NONVIOL5CE %\LD1 UND] NO CIRCUM/ANCES1 BE UND]/OOD AS A /RATEGY 9 & ( ITSELF40 

,& ,FUR!R3 

0,IDEOLOGICAL NONVIOL5CE IS ! NEGATION ( .<! WORK+ CLASS'S.> %>$ HI/ORY ( /RUGGLE4 ,IT D5IES !IR DREAMS ( FRE$OM BY ITS %E> ABSURDITY & /IFLES C]TA9 =MS ( !IR SELF-EXPRESSION ?R\< ITS TOTALIT>IAN & 9SANELY IDEALI/IC DEM&S4 ,9 A WORD1 /RATEGICAL NONVIOL5CE IS ! NEGATION ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS2 IT IS IRRELEVANT AT BE/ & SLAV]Y AT WOR/4 ,9 ITSELF1 IT REPRES5TS ! CONSCI\S &_/OR UNCONSCI\S ATTEMPT ( ! MORE PRIVILEG$ CLASSES TO /]ILIZE ! REVOLUTION>Y ?REAT =EV] POS$ BY A SELF-CONFID5T1 SELF-CONSCI\S & TRULY REVOLUTION>Y WORK+ CLASS40 

,) !SE PREMISES 9 PLACE1 ,G,M,A,C UND]/OOD ! RISE ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC AS A *ANCE TO FUR!R CULTIVATE ONE ASPECT ( ! RESI/ANCE MOVEM5T4 ,IT WAS T[>DS ! ,BLACK ,BLOC ?AT ,G,M,A,C !RE=E TURN$4 

,IF IDEOLOGICAL PACIFISM REPRES5T$ A K9D ( HOLL[ SELF-!RAPY1 ,G,M,A,C UND]/OOD ! VIOL5T & ASS]TIVE ACTIONS ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC AS A K9D ( MASS %OCK-!RAPY2 ONE CAPABLE ( FUR!R %AK+ ! F\NDATION ( POPUL> BELIEF & ACCEPTANCE4 ,H]E IT %\LD BE NOT$ ?AT ,G,M,A,C DID NOT ADVOCATE = AN UNREASON$1 ISOLAT$1 OR SUICIDAL ,BLACK ,BLOC4 ,RA!R1 IT CAMPAIGN$ = ONE ?AT S]V$ ITS ROLE )9 A L>G] MOVEM5T ( RESI/ANCE :I*1 IRONICALLY1 WAS NOT READY TO FULLY EMBRACE MILITANT TACTICS4 ,= ,G,M,A,C1 ! ,BLACK ,BLOC REPRES5T$ ONE DYNAMIC & NECESS>Y ASPECT ( A DIV]SE /RUGGLE WAG$ ON MANY FRONTS & ?R\< DIV]G5T MEANS2 ! TOTALITY ( !SE DIFF]+ APPROA*ES1 TOGE!R REPRES5T+ A K9D ( MUTUALLY DEP5D5T >IS+ ( REVOLUTION>Y POT5TIAL4 ,BUT AGA9 9 ORD] TO REALIZE ! FULL EFFECTIV5ESS ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC1 ,G,M,A,C UND]/OOD IT NECESS>Y TO ANALYZE1 CRITIQUE1 & MODIFY ITS TACTICS & ORGANIZATIONAL /RUCTURE 9 ORD] TO ADDRESS O/5SIBLE FAIL+S EXP]I5C$ BY ! ,BLOC 9 HI/ORIC /REET ACTIONS 7FAIL+S ?AT ,G,M,A,C FE>$ W\LD 9T5SIFY AS /ATE POLICE & 9TELLIG5CE AG5CIES /UDI$ ,BLACK ,BLOC MANIFE/ATIONS74 ,H5CE1 9 ITS E>LY YE>S ! COLLECTIVE WORK$ TO /R5G!N ! CAPABILITIES ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC4 ,?IS EMPHASIS LEAD IT TO ! WRIT+ & WIDE CIRCULATION 7)9 AN>*I/ & LEFTI/ CIRCLES7 ( ! PAMPHLET ,COMMUNIQUE ON ,TACTICS & ,ORGANIZATION .<,K]SPLEB$EB ,PRESS1 ,MONTREAL ,Q,B1 ,DECEMB]1 #b.>4 

,?IS PAMPHLET ID5TIFI$ 9DECISION1 DEFICI5T MASS MOBILITY1 LACK ( COORD9AT$ PLANN+1 & A CAVALI] SECURITY CULTURE AS ! IMM$IATE CAUSES ( ITS LIMITATIONS 9 EFFECTIV5ESS4 ,LOOK+ TO HI/ORY 7SPECIFICALLY AN>*I/ HI/ORY7 ,G,M,A,C !N S\<T TO RECOMM5D A DEMOCRATIC 9T]NAL COMM& /RUCTURE )9 ! =MATION1 AS WELL AS ! UTILIZATION ( MORE COMPLEX USE ( TACTICAL MANEUV]S4 

,TO QUOTE FROM ! TACTICS COMMUNIQUE3 

0.<,O.>UR EXP]I5CES HAVE444 ILLU/RAT$ C]TA9 %ORT COM+S ?AT WE ?US F> >E YET TO OV]COME4 ,SPECIFICALLY \R LACK ( DEMOCRATIC TACTICAL COMM& /RUCTURE HAS H9D]$ \R ABILITIES TO ACT ) MORE PUNCTUAT+ SPE$ & TACTICAL F]OCI\SNESS444 .<,W.>E .<!RE=E.> PROPOSE ?AT ! PRES5T USE ( ELECT$ AFF9ITY GR\P SPOKES PEOPLE BE EXP&$ TO ?AT ( ACUTE TACTICAL FACILITATOR444 ,! ROLE ( ?IS P]SON %\LD BE TO HELP FACILITATE ! ORGANIZ$ MOVEM5T ( !IR IMM$IATE SECTION AS RECOMM5D$ BY .<A.> G5]AL TACTICAL FACILITATION CORE40 

,?IS FIR/ $ITION ( ! PAMPHLET WAS MET ) A MIX$ RECEPTION AMONG AN>*I/ GR\PS4 ,SOME *>G$ ?AT ,G,M,A,C'S POSITION RISK$ A %IFT T[>DS A MORE C5TRALIZ$ ,L59I/ COMM& /RUCTURE4 ,:ILE O!RS1 SU* AS ! ,BO/ON BAS$ ,B>RICADA ,COLLECTIVE1 & ,OHIO BAS$ ,COLUMBUS ,ANTI-,RACI/ ,ACTION AGRE$ ) ! NE$ TO MOVE TO A MORE RATIONALIZ$ RE-ORGANIZATION ( ! ,BLOC4 ,?OSE ?AT VIEW$ ! WORK FAVORABLY1 T5D$ TO AGREE ) ,G,M,A,C'S ASS]TION ?AT ! TEMPOR>Y ELECTION ( MILITANT LEAD]S WAS 9 L9E ) ! HI/ORIC PRACTICES ( ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I AN>*I/ MILITIAS DUR+ ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W> .<#a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i.>4 ,! ,B>RICADA ,COLLECTIVE PUBLI%$ ?IS FIR/ V]SION ( ! PAMPHLET 9 #b#a1 9 !IR MAGAZ9E1 ALSO CALL$ ,B>RICADA4 

,AN ON-GO+ CORRESPOND5CE BETWE5 ,G,M,A,C & ,COLUMBUS ,>,A LEAD TO ! MEET+ BETWE5 ! GR\PS 9 ,OHIO1 9 ! W9T] ( #b#a4 ,!RE IT WAS AGRE$ ?AT FUR!R *ANGES %\LD BE MADE 9 ! PAMPHLET 9 ORD] TO FUR!R /R5G!N ! ABILITIES ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC4 ,AS A RESULT1 A SECOND REVIS$ $ITION ( ! PAMPHLET WAS PRODUC$ & CIRCULAT$ 9 ,JULY ( #ba .<,COLUMBUS ,>,A ,PRESS1 ,COLUMBUS ,O,H.>4 ,?IS V]SION AGA9 CALL$ = ! ,BLACK ,BLOC TO ELECT A TEMPOR>Y (FIC] CORE EMP[]$ TO MAKE TACTICAL DECISIONS1 ESPECIALLY CONC]N+ MOVEM5T & 5GAGEM5T ) /ATE =CES DUR+ /REET ACTIONS4 ,9 ADDITION1 ! COMB9$ GR\PS CALL$ = ! ,BLOC TO HOLD A =CE ( ONE ?IRD 9 RES]VE1 TO BE CALL$ 9TO ACTION AT ! DEM& ( ! (FIC] CORE DUR+ ACUTE TIMES ( NE$4 ,& F9ALLY1 IT WAS RECOMM5D$ ?AT 9DIVIDUAL AFF9ITY GR\PS BE ORGANIZ$ 9TO L>G] CLU/]S RESPONSIBLE = ! 9TEGRITY ( DIFF]5T >EAS ( ! ,BLOC 7FRONT1 BACK1 RI<T1 LEFT1 C5T]71 & ?AT EA* AFF9ITY GR\P FOCUS ON A SPECIALIZ$ NE$ CONC]N+ ! ,BLOC'S CORE 7(F5SIVE1 DEF5SIVE1 CAPITALI/ PROP]TY DE/RUCTION1 RECON1 FIR/ AID1 MORALE1 PUBLIC \TREA*1 ETC474 

,UPON ITS RELEASE & DI/RIBUTION 7BY ,A,K ,PRESS71 ?IS REVIS$ PAMPHLET1 FROM ,BLACK ,CLOV] ,PRESS1 WAS AGA9 MET ) MIX$ OP9ION )9 ! AN>*I/ COMMUNITY2 ?OSE SKEPTICAL ( =MAL ORGANIZATION REMA9+ OPPOS$1 ?OSE RECOGNIZ+ ! VALUE ( 9CREAS$ ORGANIZATION T5D+ TO BE 9 SUPPORT4 ,9 G5]AL1 ! ,NOR!A/]N ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*O-,COMMUNI/S 7:O ! ,B>RICADA ,COLLECTIVE WAS AFFILIAT$ )7 SUPPORT$ ! RECOMM5DATIONS4 ,G,M,A,C JO9$ ?IS F$]ATION1 AS ITS ,V]MONT AFFILIATE1 9 #b#b4 

,9 #b#a1 ,G,M,A,C MEMB]S ,XAVI] ,MASSOT & ,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS5 ALSO 7L>GELY7 WROTE & $IT$ ! BOOK ,! ,BLACK ,BLOC ,PAP]S .<,9SUBORD9ATE ,$ITIONS1 ,BALTIMORE ,M,D1 #b#b.>4 ,! BOOK S\<T TO PROVIDE A COMPREH5SIVE COLLECTION ( ,BLACK ,BLOC COMMUNIQUES FROM ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 :ILE FUR!R PLAC+ ! PH5OM5ON 9SIDE A CULTURAL-SOCIAL-ECONOMIC CONTEXT ( CREATIVE RESI/ANCE4 4 

,9 ! BOOK'S 9TRODUCTION1 ,XAVI] ,MASSOT POSITS3 

0,GETT+ AWAY FROM ! 9/9CTIVE FE> ( NOT HAV+ 5\< IS ! NEXT REAL BRIDGE TO CROSS = HUMANITY4 ,\R ANCE/ORS HAD TO F9D WAYS TO SURVIVE4 ,! WORLD TODAY KN[S H[ TO LIVE1 YET REFUSES TO DO SO 9 AN EQUITABLE MANN]4 ,A WORK E?IC IS A GREAT ?+1 ?AT IS UND5IABLE1 BUT TO WORK = ! SAKE ( WORK+ IS NO?+ BUT A SL[ COP-\T SUICIDE444 ,LET'S ELIM9ATE ! ROLE ( SOCIETY AS MURD]] & RAPI/4 ,IF WE >E GO+ TO FUCK UP1 LET'S DO IT \RSELVES )\T UNNECESS>Y AB/RACTIONS GUID+ & EXCUS+ \R TREA*]Y40 

,9 ,*APT] ,I1 ,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS5 WRITES3 

0,)9444 A .<REVOLUTION>Y.> C\NT]CULTURE IT IS ONLY NATURAL ?AT C]TA9 PEOPLE WILL C>RY ! BALL 9 ?IS .<MILITANT.> DIRECTION4 ,& IT IS H]E ?AT SPECIFIC PEOPLE & COLLECTIVES WILL ORGANICALLY KEY 9 ON REVOLUTION>Y POLITICAL ACTION AK9 TO ?AT PRES5TLY DEMON/RAT$ BY ! ,E>? ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT CELLS ON ! ONE H& & ! ,AN>*I/ ,BLACK ,BLOC ON ! O!R4 ,H]E IT CANNOT BIDE ITS TIME & WAIT = ! P]FECT MOM5T4 ,IT MU/ LA% \T AT ITS O!R AS A BASIC MEANS ( POLITICAL EXPRESSION4 ,IT MU/ TRANSC5D ITS RELATIVE PASSIVITY ?R\< VIOL5T RESI/ANCE ( ITS [N REPRESSION AS WELL AS ! REPRESSION DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! POOR & WORK+ CLASSES AS A :OLE4 ,& 9 SU*1 IT A*IEVES AN HONE/Y ?AT PROGRESSIVE IMPO/ORS CANNOT READILY PROVIDE40 

,& AGA9 FROM ,MASSOT3 

0,A LOT ( PEOPLE OBJECT TO ! ,BLACK ,BLOC ON BO? SIDES ( ! PROTE/ F5CE444 ,I UND]/& !IR GRIEVANCES & ,I DISAGREE ) ALL ( !M444 ,I AM1 H[EV]1 C]TA9 ?AT IT'S HEAL?Y TO PHYSICALLY CONFRONT AU?ORITIES :O PHYSICALLY UPHOLD A ROTT5 SY/EM & TO REM9D ! RE/ ( ! POPUL\S ?AT SU* ?+S CAN BE DONE40 

,! WORK ADDITIONALLY S\<T TO FUR!R HI<LI<T ! NE$ = 9T]NAL REORGANIZATION AS ADVOCAT$ 9 ITS PREVI\S PAMPHLET4 ,AL?\< ORIG9ALLY SLAT$ TO BE PUBLI%$ BY ,A,K ,PRESS1 ?IS FIR/ $ITION WAS EV5TUALLY PRODUC$ BY ,9SUBORD9ATE ,$ITIONS1 ,BALTIMORE ,M,D1 9 #b#b1 & COV]$ ,BLACK ,BLOC ACTIVITIES 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA FROM #a#i#i#i-#b#a4 ,AN EXP&$ ONL9E V]SION ( ! WORK WAS PUBLI%$ BY ,BREAK+ ,GLASS ,PRESS1 ,LAWR5CE ,K,S1 9 #ba 7COV]+ ! YE>S #a#i#h#h-#b#e74 ,AS ( #b#a#d1 ,LITTLE ,BLACK ,C>T1 ,B]KLEY ,C,A1 7AN IMPR9T ( ,>D5T ,PRESS7 PUBLI%$ A ?IRD $ITION ( ! WORK4 

,9 ! SAME YE> ?AT ! ,BLACK ,BLOC ,PAP]S WAS PUBLI%$1 ,G,M,A,C MEMB] ,VAN ,DEUS5 7! AU?OR ( ?IS >TICLE7 PRODUC$ AN ADDITIONAL PAMPHLET1 AGA9 SUPPORT+ MILITANT ACTION OV] PACIFISM 9 ,ON ,! ,QUE/ION ( ,VIOL5CE & ,NON-,VIOL5CE 9 ! ,SOCIAL ,PROTE/ ,MOVEM5T .<,BLACK ,CLOV] ,PRESS1 ,MONTPELI]1 ,V,T.>4 ,AS ) PA/ ,G,M,A,C WORKS1 ?IS PAMPHLET WAS DI/RIBUT$ BY ,A,K ,PRESS4 

,IT W\LD BE WRONG TO UND]/& ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE AS 9TELLECTUALS PO/ULAT+ ON ! ACTIONS ( O!RS4 ,RA!R1 ITS MEMB]S W]E ACTIVE P>TICIPANTS 9 MILITANT ,BLACK ,BLOC ACTIONS4 ,PRIOR TO ! F\ND+ ( ! COLLECTIVE1 FUTURE MEMB]S TOOK P>T 9 ,BLACK ,BLOC ACTIONS ACROSS ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES2 !SE 9CLUD$ ! M>*ES AGA9/ ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,NATIONAL ,CONV5TION 7,*ICAGO-#a#i#i#f71 ,MILLIONS ,= ,MUMIA 7,PHILLIDELPHIA-#a#i#i#i71 ! PROTE/S AGA9/ ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,MONET>Y ,FUND @& ,WORLD ,BANK 7,A#a#f-,WA%+TON ,D,C-#b71 & ! DEMON/RATION AGA9/ ! ,REPUBLICAN ,NATION ,CONV5TION 7,PHILLIDELPHIA-#b74 ,AS A COLLECTIVE1 ,G,M,A,C1 AMONG O!RS1 TOOK P>T 9 ! ,QUEBEC ,CITY UPRIS+ AGA9/ ! ,FREE ,TRADE ( ! ,AM]ICAS ,AGREEM5T 7,F,T,A,A7 9 #b#a1 & ! ,SIEGE ( ,LEWI/ON 7AGA9/ A FAIL$ FASCI/ ORGANIZ+ DRIVE-,MA9E-#b#c74 ,IT WAS ?R\< ,G,M,A,C'S PA/ EXP]I5CES )9 ! ,BLACK ,BLOC ?AT IT DREW ITS CONCLUSIONS CONC]N+ ! NE$ TO 5HANCE ! ,BLOC'S TACTICAL ABILITIES4 ,DUR+ LAT]1 PO/ PAMPHLET ACTIONS1 IT FUR!R S\<T TO 9CORPORATE ! *ANGES IT RECOMM5D$ 9TO /REET EXP]IM5TS4 

,LEAD+ UP TO ! MASSIVE PROTE/S AGA9/ ! ,FREE ,TRADE ( ,! ,AM]ICAS ,AGREEM5T SUMMIT1 ,QUEBEC 7,APRIL1 #b#a71 ,G,M,A,C WAS ASK$ BY ,COLUMBUS ,>,A TO FACILITATE ! CL&E/9E BORD] CROSS+ ( ?IS GR\P4 ,AT ! TIME1 ,COLUMBUS ,>,A WAS RECOGNIZ$ AS ONE ( ! MO/ MILITANT ORGANIZATIONS 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA1 & !RE WAS CONC]N ?AT !Y W\LD BE B>R$ FROM 5T]+ ,CANADA IF !Y S\<T TO CROSS ! BORD] ?R\< TRADITIONAL MEANS4 ,G,M,A,C1 ) WIDE LOGI/ICAL SUPPORT FROM RURAL ,V]MONT RESID5TS 7O!RWISE UNAFFILIAT$ ) ! ORGANIZ$ ASPECTS ( ! MOVEM5T71 WAS SUCCESSFUL 9 ?IS EF=T1 CROSS+ ! FRONTI] ON FOOT1 ?R\< ?ICK =E/S 9 ! COV] ( D>KNESS4 ,! CROSS+ LOCATION1 :I* NECESSITAT$ A RUGG$ OV]NI<T HIKE OV] A M\NTA9 & ?R\< DEEP SPR+ SN[1 WAS RECOMM5D$ TO !M BY A FRI5DLY #fe YE> OLD RADICAL 7,R,H1 A =M] MEMB] ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ,FREE ,V]MONT COMMUNE MOVEM5T ( ! #a#i#gS7 :O PREVI\SLY US$ ! SAME R\TE TO HELP UNDOCUM5T$ WORK]S 7FROM ,C5TRAL ,AM]ICAN W>ZONES7 PASS ?R\< ! BO>D]S1 UNSE51 9 ! #a#i#hS4 ,COLUMBUS ,>,A & ,G,M,A,C W]E !RE=E ABLE TO PLAY A MILITANT ROLE 9 ! URBAN CONFLICT :I* 5SU$ OV] TWO DAYS ( RIOT+ 9 ,QUEBEC ,CITY4 ,!RE AN ,>,A & ,G,M,A,C MEMB] SUFF]$ M9OR W\NDS AS A RESULT ( POLICE WEAPONS4 ,H[EV]1 NONE FROM ?IS AFF9ITY GR\P SUFF]$ >RE/1 & ! ,BLACK ,BLOC MADE A /RONG %[+1 AS EVID5T 9 SECTIONS ( A SECURITY F5CE BE+ TORN D[N1 A BANK BE+ TOR*$1 & POLICE BE+ EFFECTIVELY F\<T BACK ?R\< ! USE ( CLUBS1 /ONES1 & PETROL BOMBS ON NUM]\S OCCASIONS4 

,AFT] ! ,QUEBEC ,CITY ACTIONS1 MEMB]%IP 9 ! COLLECTIVE BECAME FLU5T4 ,G,M,A,C'S FIR/ G5]ATION ( MEMB]%IP BROKE D[N 9 ! SUMM] ( #ba :ILE PEOPLE TRAVEL$2 ,MASSOT1 = PO9TS WE/ 7& !N BACK TO ,BRATTLEBORO74 ,VAN ,DEUS5 MOV$ TO ,COLUMBUS1 ,OHIO1 = A GOOD P>T ( A YE>1 & WORK$ ) ,>,A4 ,JOHNNY ,MIDNI<T LEFT ! COLLECTIVE ALTOGE!R 7MOV+ ON TO BECOME A UNION ELECTRICIAN74 ,! SECOND G5]ATION ( ,G,M,A,C BEGAN TO TAKE =M #bb :5 ,VAN ,DEUS51 ALONG ) ,L,V ( ,COLUMBUS ,>,A 7& N[ ,G,M,A,C MEMB]71 MOV$ TO A RURAL >EA 9 ,NOR? ,C5TRAL ,V]MONT 7NE> ! ,CAPITAL CITY ( ,MONTPELI]74 ,VAN ,DEUS5 & ,L,V E/ABLI%$ ANO!R COLLECTIVE H\SEHOLD1 ?IS ONE1 AL?\< BE+ LESS ?AN T5 MILES FROM T[N1 BE+ MORE REMOTE ?AN ! FIR/ 7REQUIR+ A SN[ MA*9E TO GA9 ACCESS TO ! LA/ MILE = HALF ! YE>74 ,FROM ?IS BASE1 NEW MEMB]S BECAME ATTRACT$ TO ! GR\P = V>I\S REASONS & BR\<T ) !M !IR UNIQUE P]SPECTIVES4 ,H,R1 A RESID5T ( ! ,NOR!A/ ,K+DOM 7,N,E,K71 WAS A RADICAL L>GELY 9VOLV$ ) FOOD SECURITY ISSUES4 ,WILL ,DUNB>1 :O AT ! TIME ALSO LIV$ 9 ! ,K+DOM .<9 ANO!R COLLECTIVE H\SEHOLD.>1 WAS AN E>LY MEMB] ( ! ,SECOND ,V]MONT ,REPUBLIC 7A ,V]MONT SEP>ATI/ ORGANIZATION :I* HE RESIGN$ FROM 9 ORD] TO JO9 ,G,M,A,C7 @& WAS RUMOR$ TO BE ATTA*$ TO ! ,ICONOCLA/ ,LIB]ATION ,FRONT4 ,WILL WAS ALSO 9/RUM5TAL 9 ! F\ND+ ( ! ,NOR!A/ ,K+DOM ,MUSIC ,FE/IVAL4 ,S,W1 & ,J,M MOV$ FROM ,PHILLY 7:]E !Y W]E MEMB]S ( ! ,NOR!A/]N ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*O-,COMMUNI/S-,N,E,F,A,C7 TO ,MONTPELI] & W]E 9T]E/$ 9 RETA9+ !IR POLITICAL ACTIVITY4 ,K,W1 A ,MONTPELI] NATIVE1 CAME TO ! GR\P ?R\< H] P]SONAL RELATION%IP ) A NUMB] ( MEMB]S & H] POLITICAL ACTIVISM 7,K,W DID C\NT]-RECRUITM5T AGA9/ MILIT>Y S]VICE AMONG HI< S*OOL /UD5TS1 & SOON W\LD BECOME ! ,*IEF ,/EW>D 9 A NEW RADICAL LABOR UNION74 ,N,R1 7A LABOR ACTIVI/ PREVI\SLY FROM ,MI*IGAN7 & ,A,L 7A ,MONTPELI] NATIVE7 JO9$ AFT] BECOM+ 5GAG$ ) ! COLLECTIVE L>GELY ?R\< A UNION ORGANIZ+ EF=T4 ,H,B WAS GO+ TO ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,V]MONT 7,BURL+TON7 & WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,/UD5T ,LABOR ,ACTION ,PROJECT4 ,PEOPLE JO9$1 & PEOPLE LEFT4 ,!Y HAD !IR REASONS4 

,IT %\LD ALSO BE RECOGNIZ$ ?AT ! COLLECTIVE DID NOT ?9K ( ITSELF AS /RICTLY GEOGRAPHICALLY BAS$ 7UNLESS ?AT GEOGRAPHY IS EXP&$ TO 9CLUDE ALL ( ,V]MONT74 ,:5 ! MAJORITY ( MEMB]S LIV$ )9 A DOZ5 MILES ( ,MONTPELI]1 IT /ILL RECRUIT$ MEMB]S 9 ! ,NOR!A/ ,K+DOM & EV5 9 ,BURL+TON4 ,= A TIME ,MASSOT 7:O W\LD GO ?R\< P]IODS ( BE+ A MEMB] & NOT BE+ A MEMB]7 MA9TA9$ AN AFFILIATION :ILE REMA9+ 9 ,S\!RN ,V]MONT 7EV5 ?\< ! MAJORITY N[ LIV$ 9 ! ,NOR?74 ,SUFFICE TO SAY ?AT ,G,M,A,C ALWAYS VIEW$ ITSELF AS A /ATEWIDE AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION2 ONE ?AT BELIEV$ ITS CAMPAIGNS & 5]GY %\LD BE FOCUS$ ON AFFECT+ PROGRESSIVE & REVOLUTION>Y *ANGE ON ,V]MONT AS A :OLE2 NOT 9 A S+LE MUNICIPALITY OR COMMUNITY AS SU*4 ,:ILE !RE D\BTLESSLY >E CRITICISMS ?AT C\LD BE LODG$ AT ,G,M,A,C1 FAIL+ TO SEE ! =E/ = ! TREES IS NOT ONE ( !M4 

,9 ! SUMM] ( #b#a1 EV5 :ILE ! COLLECTIVE WAS GO+ ?R\< A P]IOD ( 9ACTIVITY1 A REPRES5TATIVE ( ,G,M,A,C ALONG ) AN ALLY FROM ,>,A MADE AN APPE>ANCE AT ! ,R5EW+ ,AN>*I/ ,TRADITIONS CONF]5CE1 HELD AT ! ,9/ITUTE ( ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY1 ,PLA9FIELD1 ,V,T4 ,! APPE>ANCE WAS MADE 9 ORD] TO SEEK \T A MEET+ ) A TRU/$ MEMB] ( A ,BO/ON ,N,E,F,A,C COLLECTIVE1 ,M,L4 ,M,L WAS TRU/$ BY ! COLLECTIVE 7& ,>,A7 BECAUSE ( HIS PA/ 7PRE-POLITICAL7 P]SONAL RELATION%IP ) ,MASSOT1 DAT+ BACK TO :5 ,MASSOT LIV$ 9 ,BO/ON4 ,!RE1 ,G,M,A,C1 :I* ALREADY C>RI$ \T ONE SUCCESSFUL CL&E/9E BORD] CROSS+ 9 ! SPR+1 (F]$ A CONT+5CY PLAN BY :I* ,G,M,A,C W\LD FACILITATE O!R EXTRA-LEGAL BORD] CROSS+S = ,U4,S4 ,N,E,F,A,C MEMB]S IF & :5 SU* ACTIONS BECAME ADVISABLE DUE TO *ANG+ POLITICAL CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,IT IS WOR? NOT+ ?AT EV5 PRIOR TO ! T]RORI/ ATTACKS ON ,SEPTEMB] #a#a? 7LAT] ?AT SAME YE>71 ,G,M,A,C WAS CONC]N$ ?AT ! ,GEORGE ,W ,BU% ADM9I/RATION WAS HEAD+ 9 A DIRECTION T[>DS A CLAMPD[N ON CIVIL LIB]TIES4 ,H]E1 ! RELATIVE EFFECTIV5ESS ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC1 & ,N,E,F,A,C'S ROLE 9 ORGANIZ+ SU* ,BLOCS1 MADE ,N,E,F,A,C A POT5TIAL T>GET = A /ATE CRACKD[N4 ,G,M,A,C ASK$ ?AT ! (F]1 & ! CONTACT PROTOCOLS1 BE MADE DISCREETLY KN[N TO TRU/$ ,N,E,F,A,C MEMB]S4 ,BE=E ,G,M,A,C_/,>,A MADE ITS APPROA* TO ! ,9/ITUTE = ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY 7TO RELAY ?IS (F]7 ! LIC5SE PLATE ON !IR #ai< ,=D VAN WAS REMOV$ 9 CASE ( POLICE_//ATE 9TELLIG5CE GA!R+4 

,9 ,SEPTEMB] ( ?AT SAME YE>1 ! #i-#a#a T]RORI/ ATTACKS COMMITT$ BY ,ISLAMIC FUNDAM5TALI/S ON ! ?REE AIRPLANES @& ! ,TW9 ,T[]S CAU<T ! COLLECTIVE (F GU>D4 ,MASSOT WAS 9 ,FRANCE4 ,VAN ,DEUS5 & 7SOON TO BE A MEMB]7 ,L,V W]E TOGE!R 9 ,WE/]N ,CANADA 7& W]E ONLY ABLE TO SLIP BACK 9TO ! ,U,S1 SOME DAYS LAT]1 AFT] !Y MADE !IR WAY TO AN ISOLAT$ ROAD CROSS+ BETWE5 ,QUEBEC & ,V]MONT FAVOR$ BY ,G,M,A,C74 ,! POLITICAL AFT]MA? ( ?IS ATTACK *ANG$ ! SOCIAL L&SCAPE4 ,! /ATE US$ ?IS AS AN EXCUSE TO LAUN* A MASSIVE CRACKD[N ON CIVIL LIB]TIES1 TO AGGRESSIVELY GO AFT] DISSID5T GR\PS1 & ! ,AM]ICAN PUBLIC SEEM$ TO PAUSE2 SUDD5LY ! T5S-(-?\S&S TURN+ \T = ANTI-GLOBALIZATION RALLIES DW9DL$ TO A FEW ?\S&4 ,IT W\LD NOT BE UNTIL ! RAISE ( ! MASS ANTI-W> RALLIES 9 #bc ?AT ! NUMB]S & 5]GY W\LD RETURN TO ! /REETS4 ,BUT REG>DLESS1 = ! NEXT YE> AFT] #i-#a#a1 MEMB]S ( ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE REMA9$ DISP]S$1 & DIRECT POLITICAL ACTIVITY BECAME IMM]S$ 9 ! BROAD] AN>*I/ MOVEM5T 7NOT ) A CLE> ,G,M,A,C ID5TITY ATTA*$ TO IT74 ,! ONLY UNIQUE ,G,M,A,C ACTIVITIES DUR+ ?IS TIME W]E ! PUBLICATION ( WRITT5 MAT]IAL 7AS DISCUSS$ ELSE:]E 9 ?IS WORK74 ,H[EV]1 BY ,SEPTEMB]1 #b#b1 :5 ,L,V & ,VAN ,DEUS5 E/ABLI%$ ! NEW BASE NE> ,MONTPELI]1 & AS A NEW G5]ATION ( MEMB]S BEGAN TO COME TO ! COLLECTIVE1 ,G,M,A,C W\LD BECOME ACTIVE1 AGA91 AS ITS [N POLITICAL 5TITY4 ,?IS TIME IT W\LD AFFILIATE ) ! ,NOR!A/]N ,F$]ATION ( ,AN>*O-,COMMUNI/S 7:I* HAD MEMB] COLLECTIVES 9 ,QUEBEC1 ,NEW ,5GL&1 & ?R\<\T ! BROAD] ,NOR!A/ REGION74 ,AS ,N,E,F,A,C'S ,V]MONT AFFILIATE1 ,G,M,A,C CONT9U$ TO 5GAGE 9 MILITANT /REET ACTIONS1 & 9CREAS+LY 9 RADICAL GRASSROOTS ORGANIZ+4 

,G,M,A,C JO9$ ,N,E,F,A,C = A C\PLE REASONS4 ,FIR/1 IT UND]/OOD ! NE$ TO BETT] COORD9ATE ! MILITANT RESI/ANCE TO CAPITALISM ACROSS ! REGION4 ,IT ALSO WAS IMPRESS$ BY ,N,E,F,A,C'S APP>5T ABILITY 9 ORGANIZ+ ,BLACK ,BLOCS4 ,& F9ALLY1 IT AGRE$ ) ! UND]TONE ( MEMB] COLLECTIVES :I* >GU$ 9 FAVOR ( POLITICAL ORGANIZ+ BEYOND MASS PROTE/S 7AN ASS]TION 9CREAS+LY SUPPORT$ BY ,G,M,A,C-BUT NOT UND]/OOD AS AN EI!R-OR PROPOSITION74 ,EV5 SO1 ,G,M,A,C WAS SURPRIS$ :5 AT A #bb CONF]5CE HELD 9 ,BALTIMORE1 ,M>YL&1 ELEM5TS ( ! F$]ATION /RONGLY >GU$ ?AT !Y %\LD DEEMPHASIZE !IR 5GAGEM5T ) MASS ,BLACK ,BLOC ACTIONS AT L>GE ANTI-GLOBALIZATION PROTE/S1 & 9/EAD TO FOCUS ! F$]ATION'S COLLECTIVE 5]GY T[>DS LABOR & COMMUNITY ORGANIZ+4 ,:ILE ,G,M,A,C DELEGATES RECOGNIZ$ 7& AGRE$ )7 ! NE$ TO 5GAGE 9 COMMUNITY & LABOR ORGANIZ+1 IT OPPOS$ ! DECISION TO P>TIALLY DIS5GAGE FROM L>GE SCALE ,BLACK ,BLOC ACTIONS4 ,G,M,A,C >GU$ ?AT ! ROLE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ ORGANIZATIONS %\LD BE TO EMBODY ! PR9CIPLES ( BE+ BO? ! MO/ RELEVANT & ! MO/ MILITANT4 ,G,M,A,C ALSO >GU$ ?AT ! RELATIVE SUCCESS ( HI< PR(ILE ,BLACK ,BLOCS RESULT$ 9 NOT ONLY AN ADVANCE 9 POPUL> CONSCI\SNESS CONC]N+ RESI/ANCE TO CAPITALISM1 BUT ALSO ACT$ AS A PRIME RECRUIT+ ME*ANISM1 DRAW+ MILITANT & COMMITT$ REVOLUTION>Y Y\? 9TO ! F$]ATION4 ,H[EV]1 BY A DEMOCRATIC VOTE ( ,N,E,F,A,C DELEGATES1 ,G,M,A,C'S POSITION WAS DEFEAT$4 ,G,M,A,C1 AS AN AFFILIATE ( ! F$]ATION1 REMA9$ 9 ,N,E,F,A,C & RESPECT$ ! /RATEGIC DECISION ( ! ORGANIZATION1 EV5 IF IT CONT9U$ TO BELIEVE IT WAS ! WRONG DECISION4 

,?IS REFOCUS BY ,N,E,F,A,C1 ALONG ) ! *ANG$ DOME/IC POLITICAL REALITY FOLL[+ ! #i-#a#a1 RESULT$ 9 A TEMPOR>Y REGRESSION CONC]N+ ! USE & GR[? ( ! ,BLACK ,BLOC AS AN EFFECTIVE /REET TACTIC 9 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA4 ,?IS REGRESSION W\LD NOT BEG9 TO REV]SE ITSELF 7?IS TIME L>GELY )\T ! 9VOLVEM5T ( ,N,E,F,A,C7 UNTIL AFT] ! ,U4,S4 9VASION ( ,IRAQ 9 #b#c4 

,BUILD+ ,! ,MOVEM5T3 

,BACK 9 ,V]MONT1 AL?\< )\T ! B5EFIT ( A ,BLACK ,BLOC CONT+5T1 ,G,M,A,C MEMB]S1 9 ,NOVEMB] #b#b1 WALK$ PICKET L9ES ( /RIK+ ,UNIT$ ,RADIO1 ,MA*9E1 & ,ELECTRICAL ,WORK]S ( ,AM]ICAN 7,U,E7 \TSIDE ! GATES ( ! ,FAIRBANKS ,SCALE FACTORY1 9 ,/4 ,JOHNSBURY 7,N,E,K71 ,V]MONT4 .<,NOTE ?AT ?IS /RIKE WAS RECEIV+ ACUTE SUPPORT FROM ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T]1 & TO A LESSOR EXTANT ! SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC ,V]MONT ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY4.> ,! UNION FACTORY WORK]S HAD A LONG HI/ORY ( MILITANCY 7DUR+ !IR PREVI\S /RIKE PICKET]S OV]TURN$ A BUS FILL$ ) SCABS74 ,:5 A DELIV]Y TRUCK S\<T TO DRIVE 9TO ! FACTORY GR\NDS1 ,U,E MEMB]S & ,G,M,A,C P>TICIPANTS ATTEMPT$ TO BLOCK ! VEHICLE4 ,?IS SITUATION SOON LEAD TO VIOL5CE BETWE5 PICKET]S & DEPUTY %]IFFS4 ,ONE ,G,M,A,C MEMB] EX*ANG$ HEAD-BUTTS ) ONE COP1 & TOOK A FACE FULL ( PEPP] SPRAY AS A RESULT4 ,/ILL1 ! BLOCKADE WAS NOT REL9QUI%$ UNTIL UNION LEAD]S GAVE ! ORD]4 ,:5 POLICE CAME TO >RE/ ?IS 7N[ BL9D$7 ,G,M,A,C MEMB]1 UNION LEAD]S 9T]V5$1 MAK+ AN >RE/ IMPOSSIBLE4 ,! FOLL[+ WEEK1 :5 ,G,M,A,C RETURN$ TO ! PICKET L9E 7DESPITE POLICE /ATEM5TS TO ! M$IA ?AT >RE/S W]E BE+ CONSID]$71 ! UNION WORK]S MET ?IS RETURN ) APPLAUSE4 ,! UNION W5T ON TO W9 ! /RIKE1 SECUR+ BETT] PAY & WORK+ CONDITIONS ON ! %OP FLOOR4 

,9 ,JANU>Y1 #b#c1 ,G,M,A,C LEAD ! MILITANT ORGANIZ+ EF=T AIM$ AT %UTT+ D[N A PLANN$ FASCI/ ORGANIZ+ EF=T 9 ,LEWI/ON1 ,MA9E4 ,WORK+ ) LOCAL RADICALS1 O!R ,N,E,F,A,C COLLECTIVES1 & ,>,A *APT]S1 ! COLLECTIVE 7UND] ! DIRECTION ( ,L,V7 HELP$ ORGANIZE A #e /RONG PROTE/ CONT+5T1 #a ( !SE BE+ ORGANIZ$ 9TO A ,BLACK ,BLOC4 ,9 ! FRONT L9E ( ! M>* WAS ,G,M,A,C ALONG ) ,V]MONT COMRADE1 ,J,W 7A =M] MEMB] ( ! ,LOVE & ,RAGE _?#a ,COLLECTIVE1 CO-F\ND] ( ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T]74 ,UTILIZ+ ME?ODS SUPPORT$ BY ,G,M,A,C'S TACTICS PAMPHLET1 ?IS ,BLACK ,BLOC WAS ABLE TO PU% ?R\< POLICE B>RICADES1 & LAY SIEGE TO ! >MORY 7:]E ! FASCI/ MEET+ WAS BE+ HELD7 )\T SUFF]+ A S+LE >RE/4 .<,NOTE ?AT :ILE ?IS MILITANT CONFRONTATION WAS TAK+ PLACE1 AN ANTI-RACI/ UNITY EV5T WAS ALSO BE+ HELD4 ,?IS EV5T DREW #e LOCAL RESID5TS4.> ,N,E,F,A,C'S DEEMPHASIZ+ ( ,BLACK ,BLOC TACTICS ONLY RELAT$ TO !IR USE AT HI< PR(ILE NATIONAL EV5TS4 ,IT DID NOT APPLY TO SMALL SCALE ACTIONS1 ESPECIALLY ?OSE AIM$ AT CONFRONT+ FASCISM4 

,L,V1 9 H] WRITT5 REPORT BACK TO ,N,E,F,A,C /AT$3 

0,WE W]E EXPECT+ !444 PIG =CE ( ,LEWI/ON TO BE ABLE TO UTILIZE !IR SPECIAL TRA9+ = \R >RIVAL1 & ! FOLL[+ PRECAUTIONS W]E TO BE EMPLOY$ BY !M3 ! CONFISCATION ( FLAG OR SIGN POLES1 BACKPACKS1 CAM]AS ?AT W]5'T GIV5 PREVI\S PRESS CLE>ANCE 7BECAUSE Y\ KN[ H[ T]RORI/S LIKE TO HIDE BOMBS 9 CAM]AS8671 & R&OM SE>*ES4 ,NO PROTE/]S W]E P]MITT$ TO BE 9 RADIUS ( ! ,NATIONAL ,GU>D ,>MORY1 & W]E GO+ TO BE DIRECT$ TO TWO 'P>K & RIDES' HALF A MILE D[N ANO!R /REET4 ,ROADS W]E GO+ TO BE BLOCK$ (F1 & ,I,D'S *ECK$ UPON R]\T+ TRAFFIC TO ! P>K & RIDES444 ,DECID+ TO USE ,BLACK ,BLOC TACTICS WAS AN ADVANTAGE ON \R P>T4 ,) ?IS SITUATION AT H&1 ! CONT+5T ( ,ANTIFA DECID$ TO EMPLOY ,BLACK ,BLOC TACTICS 7IT IS SPECIFICALLY IMPORTANT H]E ?AT WE DECID$ TO M>* 9 =MATION1 & ELECT$ A TACTICAL FACILITATION CORE7444 ,BY WE>+ BLACK1 MASK+ UP1 & M>*+ 9 A TI<T RECTANGUL> =MATION ) BANN]S ON ALL SIDES1 WE LOOK$ 9TIMIDAT+ TO ! PIGS4 ,! FIR/ ROAD BLOCK CONSI/$ ( ?REE COP C>S & SIX OR SO PIGS4 ,ALL BUT ONE /OOD !RE />+1 :ILE ! 0RANK+ (FIC]0 APPROA*$ US4 ,! BANN] WAS LIFT$ RI<T OV] HIS HEAD1 & W\LDN'T Y\ KN[-HE F\ND HIMSELF RI<T 9 ! MIDDLE ( ! ,BLOC4 ,PIECE ( CAKE4 7,H]E1 ?IS WORK$ WELL4 ,9 ANO!R SITUATION1 :]E ! POLICE >E \R PRIM>Y COMBATANTS1 WE %\LD NEV] ALL[ AN 5EMY 9 \R MID/ EXCEPT TO PHYSICALLY DEAL ) !M47 ,! NEXT B>RICADE CONSI/$ ( TWO CITY DUMP TRUCKS & A FEW COP C>S4 ,IT LOOK$ T\< & C\LD HAVE BE51 BUT WE NEV] PAUS$ & JU/ KEPT MOV+ =W>D4 ,! DRIV]S ( ! TRUCKS W]E WORK+ PEOPLE4 ,ONE DRIV] WAV$ TO US1 :ILE ! O!R BACK$ UP JU/ A LITTLE4 ,WE MOV$ ON ?R\<444,:5 WE PASS$ ! .<NON-,BLACK ,BLOC.> PROTE/]S :O W]E /UCK AT ! P>K & RIDE1 WE 5?USIA/ICALLY 9VIT$ !M TO JO9 US4 ,A ,BLOC ( ONLY #e QUICKLY TURN$ 9TO AB\T #c :5 SEEM+LY EV]YONE FROM ! TWO P>K & RIDES JO9$ US60 

,NOT ALL ( ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE'S ACTIVITIES W]E C5T]$ 9 /REET CONFLICTS4 ,AS PREVI\SLY ELUD$ TO1 FROM LATE #bb ON ,G,M,A,C DEVOT$ SUB/ANTIAL TIME & ORGANIZATIONAL RES\RCES TO 9 GRASSROOTS CAMPAIGNS4 ,SEEK+ TO A*IEVE A MORE BROAD IMPACT 9 ITS EF=TS1 ! COLLECTIVE TYPICALLY WORK$ 9 COOP]ATION ) O!R DEMOCRATIC_/LEFTI/ COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS4 ,9 #b#b1 ,G,M,A,C MADE ! DECISION TO COMMIT ITSELF TO PROVID+ LIMIT$ SUPPORT TO A F>M] ORGANIZ+ CAMPAIGN KN[N AS ! ,DAIRY ,F>M]S ( ,V]MONT 7,D,F,V74 ,?IS GR\P1 F\ND$ BY ,PROGRESSIVE F>M] ,DEXT] ,R&LE1 & ORGANIZ]S ,AN?ONY ,POLL9A @& ,PET] ,/]L+1 WAS SEEK+ TO GA9 ! AFFILIATION ( F>MS REPRES5T+ A M9IMUM ( ONE ?IRD ( ALL RAW MILK PRODUC$ 9 ! /ATE4 .<,NOTE ?AT ,DET] ,R&AL W5T ON TO BE A ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY ,/ATE ,REPRES5TATIVE = ! ,T[N ( ,TROY1 ,AN?ONY ,POLL9A W5T ON TO RECEIV$ #b#a.0 ( ! VOTE = ,GOV]NOR 9 #bh @& & BECAME A ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY ,/ATE ,S5ATOR 9 #b#a4 ,/]L+ W\LD LAT] HEAD ! PRO-S+LE PAY] ORGANIZATION ,CAMPAIGN ,= ,HEAL?C>E ,SECURITY4.> ,UPON REA*+ ?IS NUMB]1 ,D,F,V 9T5D$ TO SEEK TO COLLECTIVELY B>GA9 = A SU/A9ABLE PRICE = SAID MILK FROM ! PROCESSORS4 ,FAIL+ ?IS1 ! GR\P WAS EXPLOR+ ! POSSIBILITY ( OP5+ A F>M] [N$ PROCESS+ PLANT :I* C\LD PROVIDE PAYM5TS ?AT C\LD BE SU/A9+ TO FAMILY F>MS4 ,D,F,V OP]AT$ 9T]NALLY ?R\< DEMOCRATIC PR9CIPLES4 

,G,M,A,C1 RECOGNIZ+ ! SIGNIFICANCE ( MOBILIZ+ ,V]MONT'S F>M]S T[>DS RESI/ANCE TO CURR5T CAPITALI/ EXPRESSIONS1 PROVID$ ,D,F,V ) VOLUNTE] H\RS ON A REGUL> WEEKLY BASIS4 ,G,M,A,C'S SUPPORT T5D$ TO BE L[ LEVEL ACTIVITIES 7/UFF+ 5VELOPES1 ANSW]+ PHONES1 RESE>*1 ETC471 BUT NECESS>Y ONES NEV]-!-LESS4 ,9 ! 5D ,D,F,V1 :O A*IEV$ ITS MEMB]%IP GOALS1 WAS /ONEWALL$ BY ! PROCESSORS1 BUT DID MANAGE1 = A TIME1 TO OP5 & OP]ATE A F>M] CONTROLL$ PROCESS+ PLANT 9 ! ,NOR!A/ ,K+DOM4 

,9 #bc ,G,M,A,C WORK$ ) REPRES5TATIVES ( ! /ATE'S L>GE/ LABOR UNIONS 7,A,F,L-,C,I,O1 ,NATIONAL ,$UCATORS ,ASSOCIATION1 ,V]MONT ,/ATE ,EMPLOYES' ,ASSOCIATION-,V,S,E,A71 & O!R MASS ORGANIZATIONS 9 =W>D+ A PROJECT CALL$ ! ,PEOPLES' ,R\ND ,TABLE ,ORGANIZ+ ,COMMITTEE4 ,?IS CAMPAIGN1 L>GELY ! BRA9*ILD ( ,V,S,E,A ,PRESID5T 7& ,I,W,W SUPPORT] & LAT] #bab ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY C&IDATE = ,ATTORNEY ,G5]AL7 ,$ ,/ANAK1 S\<T TO BUILD A UNIT$ LEFT PLAT=M FROM ! GRASSROOTS ( ALL ! MAJOR POPUL> ,V,T ORGANIZATIONS1 & TO FUR!R ?IS PLAT=M ?R\< MASS ACTION & POLITICAL P>TICIPATION4 ,H[EV]1 ,G,M,A,C LE>N$ FROM ?IS EF=T ?AT ! SPECIFIC LEAD]S ( ! V>I\S MASS 7,V,T7 ORGANIZATIONS1 NO MATT] H[ WELL 9T5D$1 DO NOT NECESS>ILY REFLECT ACTIVE SUPPORT FROM BEL[4 ,:ILE A LIMIT$ NUMB] ( PUBLIC 7PLAT=M BUILD+7 MEET+S W]E HELD ?R\<\T ! /ATE1 & :ILE A DRAFT PLAT=M WAS PRODUC$ 7AFT] C\NTLESS NI<TS & H\RS ( DELEGATE MEET+S71 ! CAMPAIGN L>GELY PROV$ TO BE LACK+ 9 ! NECESS>Y BUY-9 & ACTIVE SUPPORT FROM ! T5S ( ?\S&S ( MEMB]S :OM ! ORGANIZ+ DELEGATES O/5SIBLY REPRES5T$4 ,EV5 SO1 ! POLITICAL S5TIM5T :I* UND]L9$ ?IS EF=T1 A DECADE LAT]1 WAS TO SEE FRUITION 9 ! POLITICAL SPH]E2 ,! #baa PASSAGE ( ,V,T S+LE PAY] HEAL?C>E LEGISLATION BE+ ONE EXAMPLE ( SU* PROGRESS .<LEGISLATION :I* WAS LAT] D]AIL$ BY ,DEMOCRATIC ,GOV]NOR ,PET] ,%UML9.>4 ,BUT AGA91 = ! MOM5T1 ,G,M,A,C REFLECT$ ON ! FACT ?AT !Y SP5T SIGNIFICANT TIME ON ?IS PROJECT1 & SAW V]Y LITTLE 79 T]MS ( IMM$IATE POLITICAL SUCCESSES7 9 RETURN4 ,IT IS WOR? NOT+ ?AT ! ,DIRECTOR ( ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T] 7AN ORGANIZATION F\ND$ 9 #aiih BY MEMB]S ( ! ,LOVE & ,RAGE ,REVOLUTION>Y ,AN>*I/ ,F$]ATION71 ,JAMES ,HASLAM1 W>N$ ,G,M,A,C ( ?IS POT5TIAL \TCOME FROM ! />T4 ,H[EV]1 IT WAS A LESSON ,G,M,A,C NE$$ TO LE>N ON ITS [N4 

,9 ?AT SAME YE> 7#b#c71 ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE BECAME HEAVILY 5GAG$ 9 ! ,MONTPELI] ,D[NT[N ,WORK]S' ,UNION 7,M,D,W,U1 ,U,E ,LOCAL #b#b#a74 ,! CAMPAIGN1 9ITIAT$ BY ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T] & ! ,UNIT$ ,RADIO1 ,MA*9E1 & ,ELECTRICAL ,WORK]S ( ,AM]ICA 7,U,E71 S\<T TO BUILD AN EXP]IM5TAL GEOGRAPHIC BAS$ LABOR UNION ?R\<\T ! UNREPRES5T$ SECTORS ( ,V]MONT'S CAPITAL CITY4 ,! OBJECTIVE WAS TO BUILD A TRULY DEMOCRATIC1 BOTTOM UP UNION ?AT PROVID$ WORK]S ) A COLLECTIVE VOICE4 ,G,M,A,C RECOGNIZ$ ?AT A SUCCESSFUL CONCLUSION TO ! PROJECT 7CONSID]+ IT WAS BE+ LAUN*$ 9 ! CAPITAL7 C\LD LEAD TO ! MODEL SPREAD+ TO O!R T[NS & CITIES 9 ,V]MONT1 & BEYOND4 ,H]E ,G,M,A,C HOP$ TO HELP CREATE ! EXAMPLE ( A DEMOCRATIC WORK]S' ORGANIZATION ?AT C\LD BO? POSITIVELY IMPACT ! REALITIES = WORK]S ON ! %OP FLOOR1 AS WELL AS ONE ?AT C\LD GIVE A BROAD] POLITICAL EXPRESSION TO WORK]S' /RUGGLES 9 G5]AL2 H5CE CREAT+ A NEW TOOL 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALI/ HOMOG5Y4 ,AL?\< ! CAMPAIGN 5D$ 9 DEFEAT1 ,G,M,A,C1 E>LY ON SAW ! POT5TIAL ( SU* AN EF=T & BECAME AN \TSPOK5 SUPPORT] ( ! UNION1 PRODUC+ & DI/RIBUT+ 7TO ,MONTPELI] WORK]S7 ! H&BILL 5TITL$ ,UNION "4 ,T[N ,MEET+ "7 ,DEMOCRACY4 

,AT ! TIME1 ,G,M,A,C >GU$3 

0,MONTPELI] C\LD BE JU/ A BEG9N+444 .<,I.>F ! WORK]S ( T[NS444 COME TOGE!R 9TO /RONG ORGANIZATIONS1 & !SE ORGANIZATIONS BUILD /RONG TIES BETWE5 EA* O!R1 ! ,V]MONT WORK+ CLASS AS A :OLE W\LD NO LONG] BE AT ! HEELS ( POLITICIANS :O HAVE TO ANSW] TO ! BOSSES444 ,IF ?IS TIME COMES1 !SE /RONG & DEMOCRATIC ORGANIZATIONS444 9 COLLABORATION ) F>M]'S ORGANIZATIONS444 & TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ! G5]AL WILL AS EXPRESS$ ?R\< MORE ?AN #b ,T[N ,MEET+S1 W\LD N[ BE 9 A POSITION TO PUT =? A UNIT$ & LEGITIMATE VOICE ( ALL !SE WORK+ P]SONS :O MAKE ,V]MONT :AT IT IS40 

,G,M,A,C MADE ?IS CAMPAIGN ITS PRIORITY = ! NEXT TWO YE>S1 EV5TUALLY C\NT+ ITS MEMB]S AS A MAJORITY ON ! UNION'S ,/EW>D ,COMMITTEE 79CLUD+1 AMONG O!RS1 ,S,W @& ,N,R71 ALONG ) ! ELECT$ ,*IEF ,/EW>D1 ,K,W4 ,AT ITS HEI<T1 ! UNION CLAIM$ #a MEMB]S1 \T ( A LABOR POOL ( #h1 EMPLOY$ 9 TWO DOZ5 %OPS 9 ,MONTPELI] 7POPULATION3 #g#h74 ,9 A NUMB] ( %OPS 79CLUD+ ,/ATE ,/REET ,M>KET1 ,*>LIE ,O'S ,TAV]N1 ,RIV5DELL ,BOOKS1 & ,J ,MORGAN'S_/,CAPITAL ,PLAZA ,HOTEL7 UNION MEMB]%IP1 = A TIME1 REPRES5T$ A MAJORITY4 ,O!R %OPS :]E ! UNION CLAIM$ MEMB]S 9CLUD$1 BUT WAS NOT LIMIT$ TO1 ,%AW'S ,SUP]M>KET1 ,M@&,M ,BEV]AGE1 ,RITE ,AID ,PH>MACY1 ,V]MONT ,COMPO/1 ,ONION ,RIV] ,SPORTS1 ,K>MA ,IMPORTS1 & ,V]MONT ,C5T] ,= ,9DEP5D5T ,LIV+4 ,CONTRACTS W]E EV5TUALLY A*IEV$ AT ! ,SAVOY ,!AT] & ,M\NTA9 ,H]BAL ,CAFE4 

,:ILE ! W9N+ ( UNION-LABOR ,CONTRACTS WAS ONE GOAL ( ! ORGANIZATION1 IT WAS NOT ! 9T5D$ 5D PO9T4 ,LAT] 9 #bd ! ,UNION IMPLEM5T$ A CITYWIDE GRIEVANCE PROC$URE1 FACILITAT$ BY ,/EW>D-WORK]S1 ?AT ALL ,MONTPELI] EMPLOYES HAD ACCESS TO 7NOT JU/ DUES PAY+ MEMB]S74 ,AL?\< NOT 5=CEABLE ?R\< A ,CONTRACT 7:I* ! EXCEPTION ( ! TWO A=E M5TION$ %OPS71 IT WAS REM>KABLY SUCCESSFUL 9 W9N+ A MAJORITY ( ITS GRIEVANCES ?R\< PUBLIC PRESSURE & DIRECT ACTION4 ,H]E ! EFFECTIVE LEAD]%IP & ADVOCACY ( ,*IEF ,/EW>D1 & ,G,M,A,C MEMB]1 ,K,W %\LD BE RECOGNIZ$4 ,IT IS ALSO ( NOTE ?AT ! ,/EW>D ,COMMITTEE & ! CITYWIDE GRIEVANCE PROC$URE WAS SUPPORT$ BY ! =MATION ( A ,WORK]S ,DEF5SE ,SQUAD4 ,?IS GR\P+ WAS CO-*AIR$ BY ,G,M,A,C MEMB] ,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS51 & 9CLUD$ RANK & FILE MEMB]S ( O!R >EA LABOR UNIONS 79CLUD+ ! ,C>P5T]S1 ! ,IRON ,WORK]S1 ,A,F,T1 ETC474 

,FROM #bd ON1 MAJOR POLICY DECISIONS W]E MADE AT ,WORK] ,T[N ,MEET+S ?R\< A DIRECTLY DEMOCRATIC PROCESS4 ,?IS ME?OD ( 9T]NAL DECISION MAK+ HI<LI<T$ ! FACT ?AT ! UND]LY+ PR9CIPLES ( ! UNION REFLECT$ ! AN>*I/ PRACTICE ( BOTTOM UP1 P>TICIPATORY DEMOCRACY4 

,9 ! SPR+ ( #b#e1 :ILE ! ,M,D,W,U WAS /ILL FULLY OP]ATIONAL1 ,G,M,A,C HO/$ A ,N,E,F,A,C CONF]5CE AT ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LABOR ,HALL 9 ,B>RE1 ,V,T4 ,ALSO 9 #b#e1 ! ,PHILADELPHIA AFFILIATE ( ,N,E,F,A,C WAS 5GAG$ 9 A SIMIL> EF=T 9 ! ,S\? ,/REET DI/RICT ( ?AT CITY4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ! ,MONTREAL AFFILIATE WAS 5GAG$ 9 SOME ORGANIZ+ EF=TS AIM$ AT WORK]S 9 ITS CITY4 ,!RE=E1 ,G,M,A,C MADE AN (FICIAL PROPOSAL TO ,N,E,F,A,C ?AT IT ADOPT ! GEOGRAPHIC1 BOTTOM-UP UNION MODEL AS ! /RATEGIC FOCUS ( ! ORGANIZATION = ! COM+ YE>4 ,RECOGNIZ+ ?AT ! ,V]MONT EXP]I5CE CONC]N+ ! ,M,D,W,U WAS PR$ICAT$ ON ! PRIOR EXAMPLE ( ! ,WORK]S ,C5T]1 ,G,M,A,C FUR!R PROPOS$ ?AT 9 ,N,E,F,A,C >EAS ( OP]ATION :]E NO SIMIL> ORGANIZATION EXI/$1 ?AT ! FIR/ /EP BE TO CREATE ! EQUIVAL5T 7AS ! ,LOVE & ,RAGE _? #a ,COLLECTIVE PROV$ TO BE AN A*IEVABLE TASK BY A SMALL GR\P ( RADICALS74 ,?IS PROPOSAL WAS VOT$ D[N1 9 ESS5CE1 BY ! F$]ATION4 ,N,E,F,A,C H5CE DECL9$ TO ADAPT ?IS 7OR ANY O!R7 TRULY COORD9AT$ REGIONAL CAMPAIGN1 & 9/EAD CONT9U$ TO FUNCTION MORE AS A LOOSELY AFFILIAT$ NETWORK ( AUTONOM\S COLLECTIVES ?AN AS AN ORGANIZATION ) A PLAT=M ( UNIT$ & RATIONAL REVOLUTION>Y ACTION4 ,:ILE ! E>LY YE>S ( ,N,E,F,A,C BR\<T ! AFFILIATES TOGE!R ?R\< COMMON MOBILIZATIONS AT L>GE ANTI-GLOBALIZATION 7,BLACK ,BLOC7 ACTIONS1 S9CE #bb ! F$]ATION 9CREAS+LY LACK$ SU* COMMON PURPOSE4 ,N,E,F,A,C1 AT LEA/ 9 NAME1 CEAS$ TO EXI/ 9 #b#a#a4 

,9 LAT] #b#e1 AFT] FAIL+ TO W9 A RECOGNITION EF=T 9 A L>G] CITY HOTEL_/RE/AURANT1 & RECOGNIZ+ ?AT OV]ALL MEMB]%IP HAD NOT REA*$ A SELF-SU/A9+ LEVEL1 ! ,WORK]S ,C5T] & ,U,E MADE ! JO9T DECISION TO CONCLUDE !IR 9VOLVEM5T ) ! PROJECT4 ,G,M,A,C1 OR RA!R A FACTION ( ,G,M,A,C1 BRIEFLY S\<T TO KEEP ! ORGANIZATION PRES5T ?R\< ! AFFILIATION ( ,M,D,W,U ) ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD4 ,H[EV]1 ?IS MOVE ONLY PUT (F ! ULTIMATE DECL9E ( ! UNION1 :I* CONCLUD$ 9 ITS 5TIRETY BE=E ! />T ( #b#f4 ,! *ANCES ( ,G,M,A,C RE9VIGORAT+ ! UNION WAS FUR!R LIMIT$ BY ! FACT ?AT KEY ,G,M,A,C MEMB]S AT ! TIME1 =M] UNION LEAD]S1 ALSO 7RATIONALLY7 DECID$ TO MOVE ON4 ,:ILE FAIL+ TO W9 A SU/A9ABLE GEOGRAPHIC UNION1 ! EF=T DID PROVE ?AT ! CONCEPT WAS PLAUSIBLE4 ,DUR+ ITS LIFE1 ! UNION ALSO GA9$ WIDE COV]AGE 9 ! ,V]MONT M$IA1 & BECAME WIDELY KN[N TO ! PUBLIC4 ,! *ANCES ( A SIMIL> EF=T BUILD+ ON ! SUCCESSES & FAILURES ( ! ,M,D,W,U EXP]I5CE %\LD NOT BE DISC\NT$ \T ( H&4 

,FOLL[+ ! DEMISE ( ! ,M,D,W,U .<& PR9T$ 9 ! ,NOR!A/]N ,AN>*I/.>1 ,S,W REFLECT$3 

0,WE LO/ ! ,MONTPELI] ,D[NT[N ,WORK]S' ,UNION4 ,& ! FACT IS1 MO/ ORGANIZ+ DRIVES FAIL4 ,! C>DS >E /ACK$ AGA9/ US4 ,AT MANY FACILITIES1 WORK]S WILL GO ?R\< #c1 #d1 OR EV5 MORE UNION DRIVES BE=E ATTA9+ SUCCESS4 ,IF ORGANIZ+ AT WORK IS TRULY IMPORTANT TO Y\ !RE >E PL5TY ( UNORGANIZ$ PLACES TO ORGANIZE4 ,SO DON'T LET ONE FAILURE GET 9 ! WAY ( CONT9U+ TO FI<T & EV5TUALLY W9N+444 ,REVOLUTION>Y SOCIALI/ AN>*ISM AS A POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY IS BAS$ ON ! FUNDAM5TAL HOPE ?AT ! MAJORITY1 ! WORK+ CLASS & ALL OPPRESS$ PEOPLE1 CAN BE ! AG5TS ( *ANGE ?AT WILL BR+ AB\T A F$]AT$1 DEMOCRATIC1 & FREE SOCIETY ( SELF-MANAG$ COMMUNITIES & WORKPLACES444 ,IF WE1 AS ! MAJORITY ( COMMON PEOPLE1 >E GO+ TO DO ?IS1 WE WILL NE$ TO BUILD CONFID5CE AS A CLASS1 & TO LE>N H[ TO WORK TOGE!R = \R DEF5SE & = ! ADVANCEM5T ( \R COMMON 9T]E/S40 

,FROM #b#b-#b#g1 ! YE>S 9 :I* ,G,M,A,C WAS MO/ ACTIVE & ACUTELY 5GAG$ 9 ,V]MONT POLITICS1 ! COLLECTIVE ALSO SUPPORT$ ! ANTI-W> MOVEM5T1 CONT9U+ ANTI-FASCI/_/ANTI-EXTREME RI<T EF=TS1 ! WORK] CO-OP MOVEM5T1 & ONGO+ LABOR /RUGGLES4 ,9 #bc ,G,M,A,C TOOK P>T 9 ! DEMON/RATIONS AGA9/ ! 9VASION ( ,IRAQ BO? 9 ,MONTPELI] & 9 ,BURL+TON4 ,! ,COLLECTIVE ALSO ATT5D$ ! TWO ,PEOPLES' ,ASSEMBLIES ,AGA9/ ,! ,W>4 ,AT ! SECOND1 ORGANIZ$ BY ! AN>*I/ ,OP5 ,CITY ,COLLECTIVE1 ,G,M,A,C PROPOS$ & HAD PASS$ A RESOLUTION CALL+ ON ,V]MONT SOLDI]S NOT TO 5GAGE 9 (F5SIVE COMBAT OP]ATIONS 9 ,IRAQ4 ,COLLECTIVE MEMB]S1 9 ADDITION1 OCCASIONALLY W5T \T-(-/ATE TO L5D SUPPORT TO ANTI-FASCI/ &_/OR PRO-WORK] EF=TS ?R\<\T ! REGION4 ,SIMIL>LY1 COLLECTIVE MEMB]S ALSO W]E KN[N TO TAKE P>T 9 NATIONAL ANTI-W>_/ANTI-REACTION>Y DEMON/RATIONS4 

,ONE AMUS+ 9CID5T TOOK PLACE 9 ,BO/ON1 AT A ,DECEMB] #a?1 #bd WORK]S' RI<TS MA*4 ,9 SUPPORT ( ?IS RALLY 7:I* WAS SPONSOR$ BY ORGANIZ$ LABOR71 ! ,V]MONT ,A,F,L-,C,I,O BR\<T D[N A BUS FULL ( ,V]MONT]S4 ,AMONG !M WAS ,G,M,A,C MEMB]S 7!N L>GELY MEMB]S ( ! ,M,D,W,U74 ,ALSO ON ! BUS WAS ,PET] ,CLEVELLE4 ,CLEVELLE1 A GOOD & LIKABLE MAN1 WAS !N A LONG TIME .<SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC.> ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY ,MAYOR ( ,BURL+TON 7,V]MONT'S L>GE/ CITY7 & ?AT YE> WAS ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY C&IDATE = ,GOV]NOR 7OPPOS+ 9CUMB5T ,REPUBLICAN ,JIM ,D\GLAS74 ,ONCE 9 ,BO/ON1 ! MEMB]S ( ,G,M,A,C F\ND ! LOCAL AN>*I/ CONT+5T ORGANIZ$ BY ! >EA ,N,E,F,A,C AFFILIATE4 ,ONCE ! M>* WAS UND]WAY1 UND] ! NI<T SKY1 A MU/A*$ MAN 9 A SUIT & TIE EM]G$ FROM ! M>* ( #a#e11 & CONSPICU\SLY WALK$ UND] ,N,E,F,A,C'S BLACK FLAG4 ,AN>*I/S1 L>GELY ) !IR FACES COV]$ BY BLACK B&ANNAS1 BEGAN TO GIVE ! SUIT$ MAN SUSPICI\S LOOKS4 ,NONE TOO CONC]N$1 ! MAN L\DLY /AT$1 0,I ?\<T ,I W\LD M>* ) MY AN>*I/ FRI5DS = A :ILE60 ,! SUIT$ MAN CONT9U$ UND] ! BLACK FLAG1 ALL SMILES1 = MAYBE #a M9UTES1 !N MOV$ ON TO ANO!R PLACE 9 ! M>*4 ,ONE ,BO/ON ,N,E,F,A,C MEMB] ASK$1 0:O WAS ?AT GUY80 ,& ,G,M,A,C MEMB] ,S,W1 )\T SKIPP+ A BEAT ANSW]$1 0,?AT WAS ,PET]4 ,HE IS V]Y POSSIBLY ! NEXT ,GOV]NOR ( ,V]MONT01 TO :I* A ,BO/ON ,N,E,F,A,C MEMB] MUTT]$ SOME?+ AK9 TO 0,V]MONT IS A /RANGE FUCK+ PLACE40 .<,CLEVELLE LO/ TO ,D\GLAS 9 ?AT ELECTION4.> 

,9 ADDITION TO UNION ORGANIZ+1 SOME MEMB]S ( ,G,M,A,C BECAME ACTIVE 9 ! WORK] CO-OP MOVEM5T4 ,9 #b#d1 ,G,M,A,C MEMB] ,WILL ,DUNB>1 ) COMRADES \TSIDE ( ,G,M,A,C1 OP5$ UP ! WORK] [N$ ,LANGDON ,/REET ,CAFE 9 ,MONTPELI]4 ,! CAFE1 :I* WAS ALSO A B>1 DREW ! P>TICIPATION ( A NUMB] ( PEOPLE ) CONNECTIONS TO ! ,BREAD & ,PUPPET ,!AT] GR\P4 ,LANGDON ,/REET S]V$ = A NUMB] ( YE>S AS A COMMUNITY MEET+ PLACE & V5UE = RADICAL 7P>TICIPATORY7 >T1 AS WELL AS ORGANIZ$ LEFTI/ POLITICAL TALKS4 ,! UP/AIRS ( ! CAFE WAS OCCUPI$ BY AN AN>*I/ BOOK /ORE 7,BLACK ,%EEP ,BOOKS-ALSO A CO-OP -CO-OP MEMB]S 9CLUD$ AN>*I/ WRIT] ,C9DY ,MIL/E9 & O!RS ) V>I\S AFFILIATIONS TO ! ,9/ITUTE = ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY74 ,DUR+ ITS YE>S ( OP]ATION1 ! CAFE (T5 FUNCTION$ AS ! MEET+ LOCATION = ! ,A,F,L-,C,I,O'S ,WA%+TON ,C\NTY ,C5TRAL ,LABOR ,C\NCIL1 AS WELL AS ,WORK]S' ,C5T] EV5TS4 ,! CAFE REMA9$ 9 OP]ATION FROM #bd UNTIL #b#a#a4 

,9 #b#f1 ,G,M,A,C HELP$ BUILD A SUCCESSFUL PROTE/ AGA9/ ! ,M9UTEM5 7A RI<T W+ ANTI-IMMIGRANT GR\P74 ,H]E1 ! COLLECTIVE RECOGNIZ$ ?AT ! LEFTW>D TRAJECTORY ( ,V]MONT WAS FUR!R$ NOT ONLY BY EFFECTIVE GRASSROOTS ORGANIZ+ 7COLOR$ BY A UNIQUE & REVOLUTION>Y HI/ORY71 BUT WAS ALSO AID$ BY ! FACT ?AT ! LEFT WAS ABLE TO MATURE 9 A BROAD 5VIRONM5T :]E IT DID NOT FACE ! *ALL5GES ( ANY ORGANIZ$ FASCI/ OR EXTREME RI<T W+ GR\PS )9 ITS BORD]S4 ,H5CE KEEP+ ,V]MONT FREE ( ORGANIZ$ FASCI/S1 NOT ONLY AS AN 5D 9 ITSELF1 BUT ALSO AS A CONDITION ( ACCEL]AT$ POLITICAL MOVES TO ! LEFT1 REMA9$ A PRIORITY = ! COLLECTIVE4 ,! PLANN$ EXPANSION ( ! ,M9UTE ,MAN ORGANIZATION REPRES5T$ A ?REAT TO ?IS4 ,! ,M9UTEM51 = !IR P>T1 PREVI\SLY ACT$ AS AN >M$ ANTI-IMMIGRANT VIGILANTE GR\P ) A FOCUS ON ! S\!RN BORD] ) ,MEXICO4 ,9 #bf !SE RI<T W+ MILITANTS HAD HOPES ( BUILD+ LOCAL *APT]S ALONG ! NOR!RN BORD] ) ,CANADA4 ,T[>DS ?IS 5D1 A ,MASSA*USETTS BAS$ ,M9UTEMAN *APT] ANN\NC$ PLANS TO PATROL ! BORD] BETWE5 ,V]MONT & ,QUEBEC 79 ! ,T[N ( ,D]BY7 ) ! HOPES 7& EXPECTATIONS7 ( ID5TIFY+ LOCAL SUPPORT]S4 ,G,M,A,C1 HE>+ ?IS NEWS1 COORD9AT$ EF=TS ) ! ,BURL+TON *APT] ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ ,ORGANIZATION 7,I,S,O71 LOCAL UNAFFILIAT$ AN>*I/S FROM ! ,NOR!A/ ,K+DOM1 & EV5 ! SEP>ATI/ ,SECOND ,V]MONT ,REPUBLIC 7,S,V,R-:OM IT ISSU$ A JO9T /ATEM5T ) CONDEMN+ ! RACISM ( ! ,M9UTEM574 ,9 ! 5D1 #e ,V]MONT]S TURN$ \T 9 ! RA91 9 ,D]BY1 TO PROTE/ ?IS RACI/ GR\P & TO DEM& ?AT !Y LEAVE ,V]MONT4 ,! ,M9UTEM51 NUMB]+ ONLY #c-#e \T-(-/AT]S .<FLATL&]S AS !Y >E REF]R$ TO BY ,V]MONT]S.>1 PANICK$1 FAIL$ TO %[ UP1 & 9/EAD DECID$ TO WALK A BIKE PA? 9 ! NE>BY CITY ( ,NEWPORT 7NE> ! BORD]7 = AN H\R OR TWO BE=E CALL+ IT QUITS4 

,G,M,A,C & A NUMB] ( ITS RECRUIT$ SUPPORT]S1 ATT5D$ ! RALLY ) PI/OLS UND] !IR COATS1 & RIFLES READY 9 !IR VEHICLES4 ,! MOTIVATION H]E WAS NEV] TO SEE A REPEAT ( :AT HAPP5$ 9 ,GRE5SBORO1 ,NOR? ,C>OL9A 9 #a#i#g#i1 :5 ! ,KLAN %OT & KILL$ #e ACTIVI/S AT A RALLY OPPOS+ RACISM4 ,BUT UNLIKE #a#i#g#i1 ,G,M,A,C 7& ITS ALLIES7 W\LD HAVE ! HOME TURF ADVANTAGE1 W\LD BE PREP>$1 & 9 ANY EV5T ?IS PRECAUTION PROV$ UNNECESS>Y4 ,9/EAD ( A %OOT\T ) PI/OLS1 ,G,M,A,C & ! PROTE/]S M>*$ TO ! BORD]1 :]E !Y MET ) FRI5DLY ANTI-,M9UTEM5 PROTE/]S 9 ,QUEBEC4 ,!SE 9CLUD$ ,N,E,F,A,C MEMB]S FROM NOR? ( ! BORD]4 ,!RE H&%AKES W]E EX*ANG$1 SONGS ( SOLID>ITY SUNG1 & A SOCC] BALL WAS KICK$ BACK & =? ACROSS ! (FICIAL L9E SEP>AT+ !SE NATIONS4 

,LAT] ?AT NI<T1 A NUMB] ( LOCAL AN>*I/S 7UNAFFILIAT$ ) ,G,M,A,C7 LOCAT$ ! MOTEL :]E ! ,M9UTEM5 W]E /AY+4 ,ACCOMPANI$ BY A MEMB] ( ,G,M,A,C1 !SE AN>*I/S LAID 9 WAIT4 ,BY ! 5D ( ! NI<T1 ONE ,M9UTEMAN SUFF]$ A BLOODI$ NOSE1 & ANO!R1 !IR APP>5T LEAD]1 HAD HIS TRUCK V&ALIZ$4 ,! NEXT DAY ! ,M9UTEM5 LEFT ,V]MONT1 NEV] TO RETURN4 ,!Y RECRUIT$ NO ONE FROM ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,/ATE4 

,ALL TOLD1 ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE REMA9$ V]Y ACTIVE 9 NUM]\S ASPECTS ( ,V]MONT'S SOCIAL MOVEM5T ?R\< MU* ( ! #bS4 ,ITS 9CREAS+LY DEEP RELATION%IPS LEAD TO ,G,M,A,C MEMB]S JO9+ ! ,/E]+ ,COMMITTEE ( ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T]1 & BECOM+ MEMB]S ( ! ,N,W,U_/,UNIT$ ,AUTO ,WORK]S1 ! ,TEAM/]S1 ! ,UNIT$ ,ELECTRICAL ,WORK]S1 & ! ,A,F,L-,C,I,O 9 G5]AL4 ,A MEMB] ( ,G,M,A,C1 ,VAN ,DEUS51 S]V$ AS A ,DI/RICT ,VISE ,PRESID5T )9 ! ,V]MONT ,A,F,L-,C,I,O1 &1 AGA91 ,K,W1 ANO!R ,G,M,A,C MEMB] WAS ELECT$ AS ,*IEF ,/EW>D ( ! ,M,D,W,U1 ,U,E ,LOCAL #b#b#a4 

,9 ADDITION TO ORGANIZ+ ACTIVE & MILITANT /REET PROTE/S1 ,G,M,A,C CONT9U$ TO 5GAGE 9 /RUGGLE ?R\< ! WRITT5 WORD4 ,9 #bb ! COLLECTIVE LAUN*$ ! PUBLICATION ,CATAM\NT ,TAV]N ,NEWS4 ,?IS NEWSPAP]1 = A TIME WAS ! ONLY /ATEWIDE PR9T PUBLICATION 9 ,V]MONT1 & WAS ! ONLY ,V]MONT M$IA S\RCE ) A ,QUEBEC ,AFFAIRS ,DESK 7FIR/ BAS$ \T ( ,QUEBEC ,CITY1 & LAT] /AFF$ BY ,M,D -AN EX-,N,E,F,A,C MEMB]- \T ( ,MONTREAL74 ,! PAP] WAS PUBLI%$ SEASONALLY FROM #b#b-#b#i4 ,BY #bi IT CLAIM$ #e DI/RIBUTION PO9TS ACROSS ! /ATE1 & HAD A CIRCULATION ( #a1#e 7CONSID]ABLE GIV5 A /ATE POPULATION ( JU/ OV] #f174 ,9 #bh IT AFFILIAT$ 7AS A WORK] [N$ OP]ATION7 ) ! ,TEAM/]S ,LOCAL #a,L1 MAK+ IT ! ONLY UNIONIZ$ NEWSPAP] 9 ,V]MONT4 ,9 ADDITION TO WRIT]S FROM ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE IT ALSO PUBLI%$ WORKS BY ,JAMES ,HASLAM 7,DIRECTOR ( ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T]71 ,TRAV5 ,LEY%ON 7,PRESID5T ( ! ,WA%+TON ,C\NTY ,C5TRAL ,LABOR ,C\NCIL ,A,F,L-,C,I,O-& LAT] ,SECRET>Y_/,TREASUR] ( ! ,V]MONT ,A,F,L-,C,I,O71 ,BRIAN ,TOK> 7WELL-KN[N 5VIRONM5TALI/71 ,C9DY ,MIL/E9 7FROM ! ,9/ITUTE ( ,SOCIAL ,ECOLOGY71 & LEFTI/-ECONOMI/ ,D\G ,H(F] 7:O WAS ELECT$ AS ,V]MONT ,/ATE ,AUDITOR FROM ! ,V]MONT ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY 9 #b#a#b74 ,! PUBLICATION ALSO PR9T$ 9T]VIEWS ) A NUMB] ( NOTABLE ,V]MONT]S 9CLUD+ F>M ORGANIZ] ,PET] ,/]L+1 LONGTIME ACTIVI/ ,AN?ONY ,POLL9A1 & ,IRAQI ,VET]ANS ,AGA9/ ,! ,W> MEMB] ,DREW ,CAM]ON4 ,:ILE ! FOCUS ( ! PAP] WAS ON ! WORK] & F>M] /RUGGLES SPECIFIC TO ,V]MONT 7AS WELL AS CULTURAL ISSUES71 IT ALSO PROVID$ COV]AGE ( NATIONAL PROTE/S & ,BLACK ,BLOC ACTIONS1 AS WELL AS COV]AGE FROM ( ! SOCIAL MOVEM5T )9 ,PROV5CE ,QUEBEC1 )9 ,NEW ,ORLEANS 9 ! IMM$IATE AFT]MA? ( ,HURRICANE ,KATR9A1 FROM ! /REETS ( ,P>IS DUR+ ! #bh ,FR5* ,PROTE/S1 & ,E,Z,L,N_/,ZAPATI/A EF=TS FROM )9 ,*IAPAS1 ,MEXICO 

,C,T ,NEWS ,MISSION ,/ATEM5T1 :I* WAS PR9T$ 9 EV]Y ISSUE MADE CLE> ! FOLL[+3 

0,WE 9T5D ON HELP+ TO BUILD A ,V]MONT :]E9 REGUL> & FREQU5T T[N MEET+S1 9 COOP]ATION ) DEMOCRATIC WORK] & F>M] UNIONS1 >E ! BASIC DECISION MAK+ BODIES ( ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9S4 ,9 ADDITION1 WE 9T5D ON HELP+ TO BUILD ?IS SOCIETY BAS$ ON ! PR9CIPLES ( EQUALITY1 :]E9 ALL P]SONS HAVE1 AMONG O!R ?+S1 ACCESS TO DEC5T H\S+1 HEAL?Y FOOD1 ACCEPTABLE HEAL?C>E1 QUALITY *ILDC>E1 MEAN+FUL JOBS1 & HI<] $UCATION4 ,?IS IS ,FRE$OM @& ,UNITY40 

,9ITIALLY ! NEWSPAP] WAS $IT$ BY ,L,V4 ,LAT]1 ,G,M,A,C MEMB] ,S,W BECAME $ITOR4 ,9 ITS F9AL YE>S1 ,G,M,A,C CO-F\ND] ,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS5 ASSUM$ ?IS ROLE4 ,! PAP]1 ) SOME SUCCESS1 /ROVE TO BRIDGE ! USUAL GAP BETWE5 CONCEPTS ( REVOLUTION>Y SOCIAL TRANS=MATION & REGUL> NON-9ITIAT$ WAGE WORK]S4 ,IT S\<T TO A*IEVE ?IS ?R\< ! PUBLICATION ( >TICLES & MAT]IAL ?AT FUR!R REFLECT$ ! 9T]E/ ( REGUL> ,V]MONT]S4 ,) ?IS 9 M9D ! NEWSPAP]1 AT V>I\S TIMES1 COV]$ ! ,V]MONT ,GOLD5 ,GLOVES BOX+ T\RNAM5T1 9CLUD$ A REGUL> HUNT+ & FI%+ COLUMN 7,WRITT5 BY ,JOANA 0,BLACK ,JACK0 ,BANIS71 A COLUMN ON ! H>VE/+ & USE ( WILD PLANTS1 A CROSSWORD PUZZLE1 & 7RECOGNIZ+ ! NECESSITY ( ! CULTURAL /RUGGLE AGA9/ CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM7 PR9T$ POETRY & >TWORK4 ,DUR+ ITS YE>S ( PR9T1 IT WAS NOT UNCOMMON = ITS CONT5TS TO BE READ & DEBAT$ 9 WORK+ CLASS TAV]NS1 ESPECIALLY 9 ,BRATTLEBORO 7TAV]NS BE+ COMMON DI/RIBUTION PO9TS = ! PAP]74 ,G,M,A,C MEMB]S ,L,V1 ,WILL ,DUNB> & ,XAVI] ,MASSOT PLAY$ KEY ROLES 9 ! OP]ATIONS ( ! PAP]1 AS DID FELL[ TRAVELS 7:O NEV] JO9$ ! COLLECTIVE7 SU* AS ,J,R4 ,L,V1 ITS FIR/ $ITOR1 MADE ! CROSSWORD PUZZLE1 ,DUNB> S]V$ AS A /AFF WRIT] & DI/RIBUTOR = ! ,NOR!A/ ,K+DOM >EA ( ,V]MONT1 ,MASSOT AS ,OBITU>IES ,$ITOR1 & ,J,R 7A SELF-PROCLAIM$ SOCIALI/7 AS /AFF PHOTOGRAPH] & ,IMAGE_/,DESIGN ,$ITOR4 

,:ILE ,CATAM\NT ,TAV]N ,NEWS WAS P]HAPS ! MO/ VISIBLE WRITT5 ORGAN ( ,G,M,A,C1 ! COLLECTIVE ALSO MADE REGUL> CONTRIBUTIONS TO ,N,E,F,A,C'S REGIONAL ,5GLI% LANGUAGE NEWSPAP]1 ,/RIKE1 & TO ITS QU>T]LY MAGAZ9E1 ,! ,NOR!A/]N ,AN>*I/4 ,EV5 SO1 ! COLLECTIVE'S SEM9AL WRITT5 POLITICAL EXPRESSION MU/ BE JUDG$ AS ! PAMPHLET 5TITL$ ,NEI!R ,WA%+TON ,NOR ,/[E3 ,COMMON ,S5SE ,= ! ,WORK+ ,V]MONT] .<,CATAM\NT ,TAV]N ,PRESS1 ,V]MONT1 #b#d.>4 ,! FIR/ $ITION COMPOS$ & PR9T$ :ILE /ILL 5GAG$ ) ! ,M,D,W,U & ,D,F,V1 REFLECT$ ! LAT] MATURITY ( ! GR\P4 ,:ILE /ILL CONC]N+ ITSELF ) ! CORE TRANS=MATION ( SOCIETY FROM A MOD]N CAPITALI/ ONE TO A LIB]T>IAN SOCIALI/ ONE1 ! WORK L>GELY SPOKE ! LANGUAGE ( ! COMMON ,V]MONT]4 

,FROM ! PAMPHLET3 

0,BECAUSE ( ?IS REMOT5ESS \R ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9S (T5 FEEL A C5TURY AWAY FROM ,BO/ON1 & A MILLION MILES FROM ,NEW ,YORK4 ,YET WE >E /ILL TANGL$ 9 ! TREA*]\S WEB ( ,WA%+TON POLITICIANS & ! WEAL?Y ELITE FROM ,WALL ,/REET1 TO ,TEXAS1 TO ,/[E4 ,WE >E \R [N PEOPLE1 YET WE >E COMPELL$ TO MIMIC ! SAME BUREAUCRATIC /RUCTURES 9 \R GOV]NM5T & ECONOMIC DEAD 5DS 9 \R COMMUNITIES ?AT /RANGLE ! COMMON WORK+ P]SON FROM ,CALI=NIA TO ,MA9E40 

,& LAT]1 :ILE SEEK+ TO FRAME ! DOME/IC *ALL5GE FAC$ BY ,V]MONT]S3 

0,!RE >E1 9 FACT1 TWO ,V]MONT'S3 ,ONE ( WEAL? & PRIVILEGE1 & ONE ( H>D WORK & SWEAT4 ,IF ,V]MONT]S HAVE ANY *ANCE ( SUCCESS AGA9/ ! =CES ( ,WA%+TON & ,WALL ,/REET1 ! BATTLE MU/ />T 9 \R [N BACKY>D AGA9/ ! BUS9ESS & POLITICAL ELITE ( ,MONTPELI] & ,/[E4 ,WE MU/ GU>D AGA9/ ! SLY MANEUV]S ( BO? ! CONS]VATIVE & ! LIB]AL /ATUS QUO 9 ,V]MONT1 & FI<T TO W9 MORE P[] = \RSELVES 9 \R T[NS & WORKPLACES4 ,C\LD \R EF=TS EV] CULTIVATE A H>VE/ H>DY 5\< TO )/& ! /RONG1 COLD W9DS ( ,WA%+TON & ,WALL ,/REET IF WE DO NOT TILL \R FIELDS FIR/8 ,CAN Y\ />T A GOOD SUG>+ SEASON )\T FIR/ CLEAN+ \T Y\R SAP BUCKETS8 ,! ANSW] IS NO4 ,!RE WILL BE NO VICTORY OV] ! 5EMY )\T BE=E !RE IS VICTORY OV] ! 5EMY )94 ,=E IT IS ! PRIVILEG$ & P[]FUL LOCALLY & !IR DUPES :O WILL /& AS ! FIR/ S]I\S L9E ( DEF5SE = ! PRIVILEG$ & P[]FUL CLASSES 9 G5]AL4 ,SO DO WE B[ \R HEADS1 MUTT] CURSES UND] \R BREA?1 & CONT9UE TO SUBSI/ ON ! SCRAPS !Y ?R[ TO US- OR DO WE D>E TO /RUGGLE & D>E TO W9 AGA9/ ! LOCAL ELITE80 

,DRAW+ ON ,V]MONT'S DEEP REVOLUTION>Y & ANTI-E/ABLI%M5T 7RURAL7 TRADITION1 ?IS PAMPHLET S\<T TO EXPLA9 ! PO/-REVOLUTION>Y SOCIETY AS AN EXT5SION ( ! ,T[N ,MEET+ SY/EM :I* REMA9S EMB$D$ DEEPLY 9 ,V]MONT CONSCI\SNESS4 ,! WORK FUR!R DREW ON CONTEMPOR>Y EXAMPLES SU* AS ! ,DAIRY ,F>M]S ( ,V]MONT & ,MONTPELI] ,D[NT[N ,WORK]S ,UNION TO EXPLA9 H[ WORK] & F>M] CONTROL OV] ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION 7& ! A*IEVEM5T ( A NON-ALI5AT$ SOCIETY7 IS NOT ONLY POSSIBLE1 BUT1 P]HAPS1 ! LOGICAL PROGRESSION ( SU* MOVEM5TS4 ,9 BRIEF1 ,G,M,A,C CALL$ = ! REORGANIZATION ( ,V]MONT 7& ! BROAD] WORLD7 ?R\< A GREATLY EMP[]$ NETWORK ( ,T[N ,MEET+S1 AN EXP&$ & DEMOCRATIC F$]ATION ( LABOR ORGANIZATIONS1 & C\NTYWIDE F>M] GR\PS4 ,/AY+ TRUE TO ,G,M,A,C'S E>LY ASS]TIONS1 ! PAMPHLET ALSO CALL$ = CONT9U+ SUPPORT & EXPANSION ( RADICAL CULTURAL PROJECTS SU* AS ! ,BREAD @& ,PUPPET ,!AT]4 ,ECONOMICALLY1 ,WA%+TON ,NOR ,/[E ADVOCAT$ = ! ELIM9ATION ( ! COMMODITY DRIV5 P>ADIGM1 9 FAVOR ( A /ABLE1 MORE COOP]ATIVE LABOR H\R MEANS ( EX*ANGE1 ALONG ) /RONG SOCIALI/ RI<TS CONC]N+ A P]SONS' BASIC SOCIAL WELLBE+4 ,?IS PAMPHLET1 FIR/ PRODUC$ 9 #b#d1 WAS REVIS$ & REISSU$ 9 #b#g1 & A MODIFI$ RELEASE IS PLANN$ = #b#a#e-#b#a#f4 

,! WORK1 :I* WAS DI/RIBUT$ ?R\< ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9S1 CONCLUDES )3 

0,AS WORK+ CLASS & F>M+ ,V]MONT]S1 WE [E IT TO \R CULTURAL PA/1 ! FUTURE ( \R GR&*ILDR51 & \RSELVES TO SEEK ! FULFILLM5T ( \R COMMON DREAMS & ASPIRATIONS4 ,WE CAN NO MORE ACCEPT A FUTURE :]E \R M\NTA9S >E FUR!R MASK$ BY ! TWO DIM5SIONAL TRAPP+S ( CAPITALISM1 !N WE C\LD A WORLD )\T SEASONS4 ,BE=E CONSUM]ISM1 BUREAUCRACY1 & C5TRALIZATION OBSCURE \R CULTURE ( 9DEP5D5CE & EQUALITY1 WE MU/ COME TOGE!R 9 ORD] TO REASS]T ?AT :I* IS JU/4 ,= ?IS WE MU/ CONT9UE TO BUILD ! POPUL> ORGANIZATIONS ?AT WILL 9H]IT \R HILLS1 & WE MU/ BUILD !M SO AS !Y FACE ! PROV]BIAL S\?4 ,& = US1 ?AT IS T[>D DIRECT DEMOCRACY1 SOCIALISM1 & CREATIVITY4 ,9 A WORD1 WE >E A PEOPLE :O CONT9UALLY LOOK T[>D ! 5D ( W9T]1 & FRI5DS ) A LITTLE H>D WORK ! SPR+ WILL F9D US40 

,! ,FALL @& ,LEGACY3 

,DUR+ ! ACTIVE YE>S ( ! COLLECTIVE ! GR\P1 :I* HAD NO MORE ?AN #b MEMB]S 7TOTAL71 COOP]AT$ ) A NUMB] ( LEFTI/ ORGANIZATIONS AS IS EVID5T 9 ! PREC$+ ACC\NT ( ITS POLITICAL HI/ORY4 ,(T5 ,G,M,A,C W\LD L5D SUPPORT TO ! ONGO+ EF=TS ( ! ,WORK]S ,C5T]4 ,ON OCCASION IT W\LD WORK ) ORGANIZATIONS SU* ! ,DAIRY ,F>M] ( ,V]MONT1 ! ,UNIT$ ,ELECTRICAL ,WORK]S1 ! ,A,F,L-,C,I,O1 & EV5 ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ ,ORGANIZATION4 ,IT FUR!R MA9TA9$ FRI5DLY RELATIONS ) ACTIVI/S )9 ! ,V]MONT ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY4 ,AL?\< ,G,M,A,C W\LD LAT] CRITICIZE & DI/ANT ITSELF .<SEE ! >TICLE3 ,V]MONT ,SECESSION3 ,DEMOCRACY & ! ,EXTREME ,RI<T1 ,CATAM\NT ,TAV]N ,NEWS1 SPR+1 #b#g.>1 IT EV5 WORK$ ) ! ,SECOND ,V]MONT ,REPUBLIC 7AS \TL9$ ABOVE7 9 ISSU+ A JO9T /ATEM5T AGA9/ ! RACI/ ,M9UTEM54 ,= WORK+ ) MASS1 POPUL> ORGANIZATIONS1 ,G,M,A,C WAS SOMETIMES LOOK$ AT ) SKEPTICISM FROM FELL[ REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/S BAS$ \TSIDE ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,/ATE 7(T5 BY ?OSE SAME AN>*I/ :O PREVI\SLY OPPOS$ IT'S MILITANT ASS]TIONS CONC]N+ ! ,BLACK ,BLOC74 ,H[EV]1 C5TRAL TO ,G,M,A,C'S REVOLUTION>Y ANALYSIS1 FROM ITS 9CEPTION1 WAS ?AT CONTEMPOR>Y CAPITALISM W\LD TAKE A MASS MOVEM5T TO WEAK5 & A MASS REVOLUTION FROM BEL[ 9 ORD] TO DEFEAT4 ,! REVOLUTION = ,G,M,A,C WAS BO? A PHYSICAL & CULTURAL *ALL5GE ?AT UNFOLD$ OV]TIME1 BUT C\LD EXPLODE 9 AN 9/ANT4 ,AS SU*1 5GAGEM5T 9 MASS & VISIBLE /REET ACTIONS1 & 5GAGEM5T 9 MASS ORGANIZ+ EF=TS W]E UND]/OOD AS ! KEY TO SUCCESS4 

,TO RECOGNIZE ?AT A SMALL 9SUL> COLLECTIVE1 ALONE1 IS 9CAPABLE ( ?R[+ (F ! *A9S ( SOCIAL_/CULTURAL & ECONOMIC OPPRESSION IS TO COME TO ONE ( ?REE CONCLUSIONS2 #a4 ,REVOLUTION IS 9 FACT IMPOSSIBLE1 #b4 ,A UNIQUELY NEW MASS MOVEM5T MU/ BE BUILT FROM ! GR\ND UP1 OR #c4 ,REVOLUTION>IES MU/ WORK ) ?OSE MASS ORGANIZATIONS ALREADY 9 EXI/5CE 9 ORD] TO 9FLU5CE A LEFT TURN 9 !IR DIRECTION4 ,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE REJECT$ ! FIR/ ( !SE CONCLUSIONS \T ( H&1 F9D+ HI/ORY TO TELL A DIFF]5T /ORY4 ,G,M,A,C !N S\<T TO SYN!SIZE ! SECOND & ?IRD ( !SE CONCLUSIONS 9TO CONC]T$ S]IES ( ACTIONS4 ,9 %ORT1 ,G,M,A,C WORK$ ) EXI/+ ORGANIZATIONS1 :]E POSSIBLE1 TO BUILD NEW EXPRESSIONS ( CLASS /RUGGLE :I* W\LD BE MORE GR\ND$ 9 AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES ?AN ITS P>5T GR\PS2 IE ! SUPPORT = ! ,DAIRY ,F>M]S ( ,V]MONT & ,MONTPELI] ,D[NT[N ,WORK]S ,UNION .<AL?\< IT C\LD BE >GU$ ?AT ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T]1 EXCLUD+ ! QUE/ION ( ,BLACK ,BLOCS1 WAS AS F> LEFT AS ,G,M,A,C.>4 ,& F9ALLY1 ,G,M,A,C SAW NO COMPELL+ REASON NOT TO WORK ) EXI/+ MASS ORGANIZATIONS 9 A DEF5SIVE CAPACITY AIM$ AT OV]COM+ FUR!R ATTACKS ( CAPITALI/ & REACTION>Y 9T]E/ AGA9/ WORK+ PEOPLE2 IE ITS COLLABORATION ) ! ,I,S,O & ,S,V,R 9 OPPOSITION TO ! ,M9UTEM51 & ORGANIZ$ LABOR AGA9/ ACUTE ATTACKS ( ! BOSS AGA9/ WORK]S 7& 9 FAVOR ( A )DRAWAL ( ,U4,S4 TROOPS FROM =EIGN OCCUPATIONS74 

,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE NEV] (FICIALLY DISB&$4 ,H[EV]1 BY #bf ! ONLY ORIG9AL MEMB] REMA9+ 9 ! COLLECTIVE WAS ,VAN ,DEUS5 7AL?\< ,MASSOT LAT] BECAME AN ACTIVE CONTRIBUTOR TO ,CATAM\NT ,TAV]N ,NEWS74 ,AFT] ,VAN ,DEUS5 RAN = & WAS ELECT$ AS ,FIR/ ,CON/ABLE BY HIS ,V]MONT T[N 7#b#g71 ,N,E,F,A,C1 9 G5]AL1 EXPRESS$ CONC]NS ?AT BE+ ELECT$ TO (FICE 7ESPECIALLY AN (FICE ASSOCIAT$ ) LIMIT$ LOCAL LAW 5=CEM5T P[]S7 RAN C\NT] TO ! POLITICAL PR9CIPLES ( ! F$]ATION4 ,AS A RESULT1 ,VAN ,DEUS5 RESIGN$ FROM ,N,E,F,A,C1 & BEGAN TO DI/ANCE HIMSELF FROM ,G,M,A,C4 ,= A TIME1 ?R\< ! CONT9U+ EF=TS ( ,WILL ,DUNB> & ,H,B1 ! COLLECTIVE CONT9U$ ON4 ,EV5 SO1 NO LONG] 5GAG$ 9 A DEF9+ /RATEGIC PROJECT1 ! COLLECTIVE SOON DRIFT$ 9TO 9ACTIVITY4 ,! ONE ,G,M,A,C PROJECT ?AT HAD A SOLID1 IF LIMIT$ LIFE BEYOND #b#g1 WAS ,CATAM\NT ,TAV]N ,NEWS :I* WAS PR9T$ 9TO #bi 7AL?\< BY ?AT TIME IT NO LONG] CLAIM$ TO BE A PUBLICATION ( ,G,M,A,C74 ,S9CE ,G,M,A,C'S DECL9E 7PO/-#b#g71 =M] MEMB]S HAVE OCCASIONALLY COME TOGE!R 7L5D+ ! ,G,M,A,C NAME71 BUT ONLY = ! REISSU+ OR REVISION ( 7PA/7 WRITT5 WORKS4 ,! TIME ( ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE 5GAG+ 9 POLITICAL ACTION1 AS A DI/9CT ORGANIZATION1 HAS PA/4 

,SO H[ %\LD ONE ASSES ! LEGACY ( ?IS AN>*I/ ORGANIZATION FROM ! RURAL & RUGG$ L&SCAPES ( ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9S8 ,ON ! ONE H&1 !IR MO/ AMBITI\S POLITICAL PROJECT1 ! ,MONTPELI] ,D[NT[N WORK]S ,UNION1 FAIL$ TO A*IEVE LA/+ SUCCESS4 ,! ,PEOPLES' ,R\ND ,TABLE ,ORGANIZ+ ,COMMITTEE DID NOT A*IEVE IMM$IATE POLITICAL VICTORIES4 ,& EV5 ! ,DAIRY ,F>M]S ( ,V]MONT 7:I* ,G,M,A,C PLAY$ A SMALL SUPPORT+ ROLE 97 ULTIMATELY WAS COMPELL$ TO CLOSE D[N !IR F>M] CONTROLL$ MILK PROCESS+ PLANT 9 #b#h4 ,ON ! O!R H& ,G,M,A,C SP5T CONSID]ABLE 5]GY1 = A P]IOD ( TIME1 HELP+ TO BUILD ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S ,C5T]4 ,& TODAY1 ! ,WORK]S ,C5T] IS ! MO/ EFFECTIVE & P[]FUL GRASSROOTS ORGANIZATION 9 ! ,/ATE 7L>GELY RESPONSIBLE = CREAT+ A POLITICAL 5VIRONM5T :]EBY M9IMUM WAGE WAS 9CREAS$ TO ABOVE @s#a74 ,G,M,A,C ALSO PLAY$ A /RONG ROLE 9 %UTT+ D[N ! ,M9UTEM5'S ,V]MONT ORGANIZ+ DRIVE4 ,FROM ! DAY AFT] ! PROTE/ ON1 ! ,M9UTEM5 HAVE HAD NO PRES5CE 9 ,V]MONT4 ,! W> & MILIT>Y OCCUPATIONS ,G,M,A,C RESI/$ >E EI!R OV] OR W9D+ D[N4 ,!RE IS NO ,FREE ,TRADE ( ! ,AM]ICAS ,AGREEM5T4 ,& POLITICALLY1 ,V]MONT CONT9UES TO EVOLVE ACCORD+ TO A LEFTI/ TRAJECTORY1 L>GELY C\NT] TO ! DIRECTION ( ! RE/ ( ! NATION4 ,DID ,G,M,A,C1 ON !IR [N ACCORD1 A*IEVE !SE ?+S8 ,NO4 ,( C\RSE NOT4 ,BUT ,G,M,A,C1 ALONG ) ?\S&S 7IF NOT T5S ( ?\S&S7 ( O!R ,V]MONT]S1 & MILLIONS ( ,AM]ICANS1 DID !IR P>T4 ,!Y RESI/$ & EXP]IM5T$ 9 NEW WAYS ?R\< :I* REVOLUTION C\LD BE H9T$ AT4 ,G,M,A,C1 ALONE1 DID NOT & C\LD NOT HAVE A*IEV$ ANY?+ ( HI/ORIC SIGNIFICANCE4 ,BUT AS P>T ( A BROAD]1 DIV]SE MOVEM5T1 ONE ?AT S\<T TO GR[ BOTTOM UP1 RANK & FILE 5GAGEM5T1 DID HAVE SUCCESS4 ,BUT ( C\RSE ! BATTLE1 LET ALONE ! CLASS W>1 IS F> FROM WON4 ,CAPITALISM1 AL?\< ?REAT5$ ALONG ! P]IPH]Y1 REMA9S ESS5TIALLY 9TACT4 ,& YET /ILL1 ! RESI/ANCE CONT9UES & GR[S 9 !SE P>TS ( ! ,NOR!A/]N WOODS COMMONLY REF]R$ TO AS ,V]MONT4 ,AFT] ALL1 HI/ORY1 PROGRESSIVE *ANGE1 & EV5 REVOLUTION >E A CONT9UUM FILL$ BY ORGANIZATIONS1 GR\PS1 CLASSES1 & 9DIVIDUALS /RET*+ OV] ! *ASM ( TIME1 & IS P]IODICALLY SP>K$ 9TO FLAME BY ?OSE :O >E COMPELL$ TO TAKE RISK4 ,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE1 = SEV5 YE>S1 TOOK RISKS2 IT DID ITS P>T1 NO MORE1 NO LESS4 

,TO QUOTE FROM ,XAVI] ,MASSOT1 AS COMPOS$ 9 HIS AFT]WORD = ! ,BLACK ,BLOC ,PAP]S3 

0,! TIMES >E CALL+1 & HAVE BE5 = A :ILE1 = A *ANGE 9 ! RUNN+ ( HUMAN AFFAIRS4 ,?IS IS COMMON KN[L$GE1 & NO >GUM5T CAN UNDO ?IS OBVI\S CONCLUSION4 ,! ONLY PO9T AGA9/ ACTIVE PROTE/ IS ! DESIRE = SURVIVAL & SAFETY ON ! P>T ( ?OSE :O W\LD RISK *ANGE1 BUT ?IS IS A BOR+ & ULTIMATELY FUTILE & SELF-DECEPTIVE AV5UE1 SELFI% & US$ UP4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ! Y\NG HAVE MORE LIFE TO LIVE & ?AT OLD HAVE O!R ?+S TO WORRY AB\T1 BUT ! SPACE WILL GET FILL$4 ,IT ALWAYS GETS FILL$1 ) AN 5DLESS SUPPLY ( WOES TO PROD PEOPLE TO ACTION444 ,IT IS DAWN H]E 9 ! WOODS ( NOR!RN ,NEW ,5GL&4 ,I'M GONNA GO TO SLEEP & HOPEFULLY DREAM ( NIC] ?+S ?AN ! RIDICUL\S MESS :I* IS *OK+ ! HUMAN RACE'S POT5TIAL = GREATNESS-JU/ICE = />T]S40 

_?_?_? 

"9,DAVID ,VAN ,DEUS5 WAS A F\ND+ MEMB] ( ! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE1 & IS ALSO A PA/ MEMB] ( ,ANTI-,RACI/ ,ACTION1 ! ,TEAM/]S1 ,UNIT$ ,ELECTRICAL ,WORK]S1 & ! ,NATIONAL ,WRIT]S ,UNION 7,U,A,W ,LOCAL #a#i#h#a74 ,DAVID IS ! AU?OR ( ,! ,QUE/ION ( ,VIOL5CE & ,NON ,VIOL5CE ,9 ,! ,SOCIAL ,PROTE/ ,MOVEM5T1 & COAU?OR$ ,! ,BLACK ,BLOC ,PAP]S @& ,NEI!R ,WA%+TON ,N[ ,/[E4 ,=M]LY ,VAN ,DEUS5 WAS A ,DI/RICT ,VISE ,PRESID5T @& ,MEMB]-,AT-,L>GE ( ! ,V]MONT ,A,F,L-,C,I,O .<S]V+ ON ! ,/ATE ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE.>4 ,DAVID HELD TWO T]MS ON ! ,V]MONT ,COMMISSION ON ,NATIVE ,AM]ICAN ,AFFAIRS1 TWO T]MS ON HIS ,T[N ,SELECT ,BO>D .<5DORS$ BY ! ,SOCIALI/ ,P>TY-,U,S,A1 ! ,V]MONT ,LIB]TY ,UNION ,P>TY1 ! ,V]MONT ,PROGRESSIVE ,P>TY1 @& ,V,T ,A,F,L-,C,I,O.>1 & WAS ELECT$ TO ?REE T]MS AS ,FIR/ ,CON/ABLE 9 HIS RURAL COMMUNITY4 ,VAN ,DEUS5 HAS WORK$ 9 CON/RUCTION1 AS A F>M H&1 B>T5D]1 >*AEOLOGI/1 FREELANCE J\RNALI/1 & AS ! ,CONS]VATION ,ORGANIZ] = ! ,V]MONT ,SI]RA ,CLUB.<:]E HE WAS 9/RUM5TAL 9 E/ABLI%+ ! FIR/ ,NULHEGAN ,AB5AKI ,TRIBAL ,=E/ 9 OV] #b YE>S.>4 ,HE CONT9UES TO BE A MEMB] ( ! ,V]MONT ,WORK]S' ,C5T] & IS CURR5TLY EMPLOY$ AS A ,S5IOR ,UNION ,REPRES5TATIVE = PUBLIC SECTOR WORK]S 9 ,V]MONT4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,SEPTEMB] #b#f1 #bae 3 ,! ,RISE & ,FALL ( ,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #a#i1 #bb 3 ,! ,RISE & ,FALL ( ,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #c1 #bbb 3 ,! ,RISE & ,FALL ( ,! ,GRE5 ,M\NTA9 ,AN>*I/ ,COLLECTIVE -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/