,P>T #a 
,! ,REBEL 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ALB]T ,CAMUS 

,TEXT 3 

,P>T ,ONE3 ,! ,REBEL 

,:AT IS A REBEL8 ,A MAN :O SAYS NO1 BUT :OSE REFUSAL DOES NOT IMPLY A R5UNCIATION4 ,HE IS ALSO A MAN 
:O SAYS YES1 FROM ! MOM5T HE MAKES HIS FIR/ GE/URE ( REBELLION4 ,A SLAVE :O HAS TAK5 ORD]S ALL 
HIS LIFE SUDD5LY DECIDES ?AT HE CANNOT OBEY SOME NEW COMM&4 ,:AT DOES HE MEAN BY SAY+ 0NO08 

,HE MEANS1 = EXAMPLE1 ?AT 0?IS HAS BE5 GO+ ON TOO LONG10 0UP TO ?IS PO9T YES1 BEYOND IT NO10 0Y\ 
>E GO+ TOO F>10 OR1 AGA91 0!RE IS A LIMIT BEYOND :I* Y\ %ALL NOT GO40 ,9 O!R WORDS1 HIS NO 
AFFIRMS ! EXI/5CE ( A BORD]L9E4 ,! SAME CONCEPT IS TO BE F\ND 9 ! REBEL'S FEEL+ ?AT ! O!R 
P]SON 0IS EXAGG]AT+10 ?AT HE IS EX]T+ HIS AU?ORITY BEYOND A LIMIT :]E HE BEG9S TO 9FR+E ON 
! RI<TS ( O!RS4 ,?US ! MOVEM5T ( REBELLION IS F\ND$ SIMULTANE\SLY ON ! CATEGORICAL 
REJECTION ( AN 9TRUSION ?AT IS CONSID]$ 9TOL]ABLE & ON ! CONFUS$ CONVICTION ( AN ABSOLUTE RI<T 
:I*1 9 ! REBEL'S M9D1 IS MORE PRECISELY ! IMPRESSION ?AT HE 0HAS ! RI<T TO 4 4 40 ,REBELLION CANNOT 
EXI/ )\T ! FEEL+ ?AT1 SOME:]E & SOMEH[1 ONE IS RI<T4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS WAY ?AT ! REBEL SLAVE 
SAYS YES & NO SIMULTANE\SLY4 ,HE AFFIRMS ?AT !RE >E LIMITS & ALSO ?AT HE SUSPECTS--& WI%ES TO 
PRES]VE--! EXI/5CE ( C]TA9 ?+S ON ?IS SIDE ( ! BORD]L9E4 ,HE DEMON/RATES1 ) OB/9ACY1 
?AT !RE IS SOME?+ 9 HIM :I* 0IS WOR? :ILE 4 4 40 & :I* MU/ BE TAK5 9TO CONSID]ATION4 ,9 
A C]TA9 WAY1 HE CONFRONTS AN ORD] ( ?+S :I* OPPRESSES HIM ) ! 9SI/5CE ON A K9D ( RI<T 
NOT TO BE OPPRESS$ BEYOND ! LIMIT ?AT HE CAN TOL]ATE4 

,9 EV]Y ACT ( REBELLION1 ! REBEL SIMULTANE\SLY EX- 
P]I5CES A FEEL+ ( REVULSION AT ! 9FR+M5T ( HIS RI<TS & A COMPLETE & SPONTANE\S LOYALTY TO 
C]TA9 ASPECTS ( HIMSELF4 ,?US HE IMPLICITLY BR+S 9TO PLAY A /&>D ( VALUES SO F> FROM BE+ 
GRATUIT\S ?AT HE IS PREP>$ TO SUPPORT IT NO MATT] :AT ! RISKS4 ,UP TO ?IS PO9T HE HAS AT LEA/ 
REMA9$ SIL5T & HAS AB&ON$ HIMSELF TO ! =M ( DESPAIR 9 :I* A CONDITION IS ACCEPT$ EV5 
?\< IT IS CONSID]$ UNJU/4 ,TO REMA9 SIL5T IS TO GIVE ! IMPRESSION ?AT ONE HAS NO OP9IONS1 ?AT ONE 
WANTS NO?+1 & 9 C]TA9 CASES IT REALLY AM\NTS TO WANT+ NO?+4 ,DESPAIR1 LIKE ! ABSURD1 HAS 
OP9IONS & DESIRES AB\T EV]Y?+ 9 G5]AL & NO?+ 9 P>TICUL>4 ,SIL5CE EXPRESSES ?IS ATTITUDE 
V]Y WELL4 ,BUT FROM ! MOM5T ?AT ! REBEL F9DS HIS VOICE--EV5 ?\< HE SAYS NO?+ BUT 0NO0--HE 
BEG9S TO DESIRE & TO JUDGE4 ,! REBEL1 9 ! ETYMOLOGICAL S5SE1 DOES A COMPLETE TURNAB\T4 ,HE ACT$ 
UND] ! LA% ( HIS MA/]'S :IP4 ,SUDD5LY HE TURNS & FACES HIM4 ,HE OPPOSES :AT IS PREF]ABLE TO 
:AT IS NOT4 ,NOT EV]Y VALUE 5TAILS REBELLION1 BUT EV]Y ACT ( REBELLION TACITLY 9VOKES A VALUE4 ,OR IS IT 
REALLY A QUE/ION ( VALUES8 

,AW>5ESS1 NO MATT] H[ CONFUS$ IT MAY BE1 DEVELOPS FROM EV]Y ACT ( REBELLION3 ! SUDD51 DAZZL+ 
P]CEPTION ?AT !RE IS SOME?+ 9 MAN ) :I* HE CAN ID5TIFY HIMSELF1 EV5 IF ONLY = A MOM5T4 

,UP TO N[ ?IS ID5TIFICATION WAS NEV] REALLY EXP]I5C$4 ,BE=E HE REBELL$1 ! SLAVE ACCEPT$ ALL ! 
DEM&S MADE UPON HIM4 ,V]Y (T5 HE EV5 TOOK ORD]S1 )\T REACT+ AGA9/ !M1 :I* W]E F> 
MORE CONDUCIVE TO 9SURRECTION ?AN ! ONE AT :I* HE BALKS4 ,HE ACCEPT$ !M PATI5TLY1 ?\< HE 
MAY HAVE PROTE/$ 9W>DLY1 BUT 9 ?AT HE REMA9$ SIL5T HE WAS MORE CONC]N$ ) HIS [N 
IMM$IATE 9T]E/S ?AN AS YET AW>E ( HIS [N RI<TS4 ,BUT ) LOSS ( PATI5CE--) IMPATI5CE--A 
REACTION BEG9S :I* CAN EXT5D TO EV]Y?+ ?AT HE PREVI\SLY ACCEPT$1 & :I* IS ALMO/ ALWAYS 
RETROACTIVE4 ,! V]Y MOM5T ! SLAVE REFUSES TO OBEY ! HUMILIAT+ ORD]S ( HIS MA/]1 HE 
SIMULTANE\SLY REJECTS ! CONDITION ( SLAV]Y4 ,! ACT ( REBELLION C>RIES HIM F> BEYOND ! PO9T HE 
HAD REA*$ BY SIMPLY REFUS+4 ,HE EXCE$S ! B\NDS ?AT HE FIX$ = HIS ANTAGONI/1 & N[ DEM&S 
TO BE TREAT$ AS AN EQUAL4 ,:AT WAS AT FIR/ 
! MAN'S OB/9ATE RESI/ANCE N[ BECOMES ! :OLE MAN1 :O IS ID5TIFI$ ) & SUMM$ UP 9 ?IS 
RESI/ANCE4 ,! P>T ( HIMSELF ?AT HE WANT$ TO BE RESPECT$ HE PROCE$S TO PLACE ABOVE EV]Y?+ ELSE 
& PROCLAIMS IT PREF]ABLE TO EV]Y?+1 EV5 TO LIFE ITSELF4 ,IT BECOMES = HIM ! SUPREME GOOD4 
,HAV+ 
UP TO N[ BE5 WILL+ TO COMPROMISE1 ! SLAVE SUDD5LY ADOPTS 70BECAUSE ?IS IS H[ IT MU/ BE 4 4 407 
AN ATTITUDE ( ,ALL OR ,NO?+4 ,) REBELLION1 AW>5ESS IS BORN4 

,BUT WE CAN SEE ?AT ! KN[L$GE GA9$ IS1 AT ! SAME TIME1 ( AN 0ALL0 ?AT IS /ILL RA!R OBSCURE & ( 
A 0NO?+0 ?AT PROCLAIMS ! POSSIBILITY ( SACRIFIC+ ! REBEL TO ?IS 0,ALL40 ,! REBEL HIMSELF WANTS TO 
BE 0ALL0-- TO ID5TIFY HIMSELF COMPLETELY ) ?IS GOOD ( :I* HE HAS SUDD5LY BECOME AW>E & BY 
:I* HE WANTS TO BE P]SONALLY RECOGNIZ$ & ACKN[L$G$--OR 0NO?+02 9 O!R WORDS1 TO BE 
COMPLETELY DE/ROY$ BY ! =CE ?AT DOM9ATES HIM4 ,AS A LA/ RESORT1 HE IS WILL+ TO ACCEPT ! F9AL 
DEFEAT1 :I* IS DEA?1 RA!R ?AN BE DEPRIV$ ( ! P]SONAL SACRAM5T ?AT HE W\LD CALL1 = EXAMPLE1 
FRE$OM4 ,BETT] TO DIE ON ONE'S FEET ?AN TO LIVE ON ONE'S KNEES4 

,VALUES1 ACCORD+ TO GOOD AU?ORITIES1 0MO/ (T5 REPRES5T A TRANSITION FROM FACTS TO RI<TS1 FROM :AT ISDESIR$ TO :AT IS DESIRABLE 7USUALLY ?R\< ! 9T]M$I>Y ( :AT IS G5]ALLY CONSID]$ DESIRABLE740.<#a.> 

,! TRANSITION FROM FACTS TO RI<TS IS MANIFE/1 AS WE HAVE SE51 9 REBELLION4 ,SO IS ! TRANSITION FROM 0?IS 
MU/ BE0 TO 0?IS IS H[ ,I %\LD LIKE ?+S TO BE10 & EV5 MORE SO1 P]HAPS1 ! IDEA ( ! SUBLIMATION 
( ! 9DIVIDUAL 9 A H5CE=? UNIV]SAL GOOD4 ,! SUDD5 APPE>ANCE ( ! CONCEPT ( 0,ALL OR 
,NO?+0 DEMON/RATES ?AT REBELLION1 CONTR>Y TO CURR5T OP9ION1 & ?\< IT SPR+S FROM EV]Y?+ 
?AT IS MO/ /RICTLY 9DIVIDUALI/IC 9 MAN1 QUE/IONS ! V]Y IDEA ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,IF ! 9DIVIDUAL1 9 
FACT1 ACCEPTS DEA? & HAPP5S TO DIE AS A CONSEQU5CE ( HIS ACT ( REBELLION1 HE DEMON/RATES BY DO+ 
SO ?AT HE IS WILL+ TO SACRIFICE HIMSELF = ! SAKE ( A COMMON GOOD :I* HE CONSID]S MORE 
IMPORTANT ?AN HIS [N DE/9Y4 ,IF HE PREF]S ! RISK ( DEA? TO ! NEGATION ( ! RI<TS ?AT HE DEF5DS1 
IT IS BECAUSE HE CONSID]S !SE 
RI<TS MORE IMPORTANT ?AN HIMSELF4 ,!RE=E HE IS ACT+ 9 ! NAME ( C]TA9 VALUES :I* >E /ILL 
9DET]M9ATE BUT :I* HE FEELS >E COMMON TO HIMSELF & TO ALL M54 ,WE SEE ?AT ! AFFIRMATION 
IMPLICIT 9 EV]Y ACT ( REBELLION IS EXT5D$ TO SOME?+ ?AT TRANSC5DS ! 9DIVIDUAL 9 SO F> AS IT 
)DRAWS HIM FROM HIS SUPPOS$ SOLITUDE & PROVIDES HIM ) A REASON TO ACT4 ,BUT IT IS ALREADY WOR? 
NOT+ ?AT ?IS CONCEPT ( VALUES AS PRE-EXI/ANT TO ANY K9D ( ACTION CONTRADICTS ! PURELY HI/ORICAL 
PHILOSOPHIES1 9 :I* VALUES >E ACQUIR$ 7IF !Y >E EV] ACQUIR$7 AFT] ! ACTION HAS BE5 COMPLET$4 

,ANALYSIS ( REBELLION LEADS AT LEA/ TO ! SUSPICION ?AT1 CONTR>Y TO ! PO/ULATES ( CONTEMPOR>Y 
?\<T1 A HUMAN NATURE DOES EXI/1 AS ! ,GREEKS BELIEV$4 ,:Y REBEL IF !RE IS NO?+ P]MAN5T 9 
ONESELF WOR? PRES]V+8 ,IT IS = ! SAKE ( EV]YONE 9 ! WORLD ?AT ! SLAVE ASS]TS HIMSELF :5 HE 
COMES TO ! CONCLUSION ?AT A COMM& HAS 9FR+$ ON SOME?+ 9 HIM :I* DOES NOT BELONG TO HIM 
ALONE1 BUT :I* IS COMMON GR\ND :]E ALL M5--EV5 ! MAN :O 9SULTS & OPPRESSES HIM--HAVE 
A NATURAL COMMUNITY4.<#b.> 

,TWO OBS]VATIONS WILL SUPPORT ?IS >GUM5T4 ,FIR/1 WE CAN SEE ?AT AN ACT ( REBELLION IS NOT1 ESS5TIALLY1 
AN EGOI/IC ACT4 ,( C\RSE1 IT CAN HAVE EGOI/IC MOTIVES4 ,BUT ONE CAN REBEL EQUALLY WELL AGA9/ LIES AS 
AGA9/ OPPRESSION4 ,MOREOV]1 ! REBEL--ONCE HE HAS ACCEPT$ ! MOTIVES & AT ! MOM5T ( HIS 
GREATE/ IMPETUS--PRES]VES NO?+ 9 ?AT HE RISKS EV]Y?+4 ,HE DEM&S RESPECT = HIMSELF1 ( 
C\RSE1 BUT ONLY 9 SO F> AS HE ID5TIFIES HIMSELF ) A NATURAL COMMUNITY4 

,!N WE NOTE ?AT REBELLION DOES NOT >ISE ONLY1 & NECESS>ILY1 AMONG ! OPPRESS$1 BUT ?AT IT CAN ALSO 
BE CAUS$ BY ! M]E SPECTACLE ( OPPRESSION ( :I* SOMEONE ELSE IS ! VICTIM4 ,9 SU* CASES !RE IS 
A FEEL+ ( ID5TIFICATION ) ANO!R 9DIVIDUAL4 ,& IT MU/ BE PO9T$ \T ?AT ?IS IS NOT A QUE/ION ( 
PSY*OLOGICAL ID5TIFICATION--A M]E SUBT]FUGE BY :I* ! 9DIVIDUAL IMAG9ES ?AT IT IS HE HIMSELF 
:O HAS BE5 (F5D$4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT CAN (T5 HAPP5 ?AT WE CANNOT BE> TO SEE (F5SES DONE TO O!RS :I* WE \RSELVES HAVE ACCEPT$ )\T REBELL+4 ,! SUICIDES ( ! 
,RUSSIAN T]RORI/S 9 ,SIB]IA AS A PROTE/ AGA9/ !IR COMRADES' BE+ :IPP$ IS A CASE 9 PO9T4 ,NOR IS IT 
A QUE/ION ( ! FEEL+ ( A COMMUNITY ( 9T]E/S4 ,9JU/ICES DONE TO M5 :OM WE CONSID] 5EMIES 
CAN1 ACTUALLY1 BE PR(\NDLY REPUGNANT TO US4 ,!RE IS ONLY ID5TIFICATION ( ONE'S DE/9Y ) ?AT ( 
O!RS & A *OICE ( SIDES4 ,!RE=E ! 9DIVIDUAL IS NOT1 9 HIMSELF ALONE1 ! EMBODIM5T ( ! 
VALUES HE WI%ES TO DEF5D4 ,IT NE$S ALL HUMANITY1 AT LEA/1 TO COMPRISE !M4 ,:5 HE REBELS1 A MAN 
ID5TIFIES HIMSELF ) O!R M5 & SO SURPASSES HIMSELF1 & FROM ?IS PO9T ( VIEW HUMAN SOLID>ITY 
IS METAPHYSICAL4 ,BUT = ! MOM5T WE >E ONLY TALK+ ( ! K9D ( SOLID>ITY ?AT IS BORN 9 *A9S4 

,IT W\LD BE POSSIBLE = US TO DEF9E ! POSITIVE ASPECT ( ! VALUES IMPLICIT 9 EV]Y ACT ( REBELLION BY 
COMP>+ !M ) A COMPLETELY NEGATIVE CONCEPT LIKE ?AT ( RES5TM5T AS DEF9$ BY ,S*EL]4 

,REBELLION IS1 9 FACT1 MU* MORE ?AN PURSUIT ( A CLAIM1 9 ! /RONGE/ S5SE ( ! WORD4 
,RES5TM5T IS 
V]Y WELL DEF9$ BY ,S*EL] AS AN AUTO9TOXICATION--! EVIL SECRETION1 9 A SEAL$ VESSEL1 ( PROLONG$ 
IMPOT5CE4 ,REBELLION1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 BREAKS ! SEAL & ALL[S ! :OLE BE+ TO COME 9TO PLAY4 ,IT 
LIB]ATES /AGNANT WAT]S & TURNS !M 9TO A RAG+ TORR5T4 ,S*EL] HIMSELF EMPHASIZES ! PASSIVE 
ASPECT ( RES5TM5T & REM>KS ON ! PROM95T PLACE IT OCCUPIES 9 ! PSY*OLOGY ( WOM5 :O >E 
D$ICAT$ TO DESIRE & POSSESSION4 ,! F\NTA9-HEAD ( REBELLION1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 IS ! PR9CIPLE ( 
SUP]ABUNDANT ACTIVITY & 5]GY4 ,S*EL] IS ALSO RI<T 9 SAY+ ?AT RES5TM5T IS ALWAYS HI<LY COLOR$ 
BY 5VY4 ,BUT ONE 5VIES :AT ONE DOES NOT HAVE1 :ILE ! REBEL'S AIM IS TO DEF5D :AT HE IS4 ,HE DOES NOT 
M]ELY CLAIM SOME GOOD ?AT HE DOES NOT POSSESS OR ( :I* HE WAS DEPRIV$4 ,HIS AIM IS TO CLAIM 
RECOGNITION = SOME?+ :I* HE HAS & :I* HAS ALREADY BE5 RECOGNIZ$ BY HIM1 9 ALMO/ EV]Y 
CASE1 AS MORE IMPORTANT ?AN ANY?+ ( :I* HE C\LD BE 5VI\S4 ,REBELLION IS NOT REALI/IC4 ,ACCORD+ 
TO ,S*EL]1 RES5TM5T ALWAYS TURNS 9TO EI!R UNSCRUPUL\S AMBITION OR BITT]NESS1 DE- 
P5D+ ON :E!R IT IS IMPLANT$ 9 A /RONG P]SON OR A WEAK ONE4 ,BUT 9 BO? CASES IT IS A QUE/ION ( 
WANT+ TO BE SOME?+ O!R ?AN :AT ONE IS4 ,RES5TM5T IS ALWAYS RES5TM5T AGA9/ ONESELF4 ,! 
REBEL1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 FROM HIS V]Y FIR/ /EP1 REFUSES TO ALL[ ANYONE TO T\* :AT HE IS4 ,HE IS FI<T+ 
= ! 9TEGRITY ( ONE P>T ( HIS BE+4 ,HE DOES NOT TRY1 PRIM>ILY1 TO CONQU]1 BUT SIMPLY TO IMPOSE4 

,F9ALLY1 IT W\LD SEEM ?AT RES5TM5T TAKES DELI<T1 9 ADVANCE1 9 ! PA9 ?AT IT W\LD LIKE ! OBJECT ( 
ITS 5VY TO FEEL4 ,NIETZS*E & ,S*EL] >E RI<T 9 SEE+ AN EXCELL5T EXAMPLE ( ?IS 9 ! PASSAGE 
:]E ,T]-TULLIAN 9=MS HIS READ]S ?AT ONE ( ! GREATE/ S\RCES ( HAPP9ESS AMONG ! BLESS$ WILL 
BE ! SPECTACLE ( ! ,ROMAN EMP]ORS CONSUM$ 9 ! FIRES ( HELL4 ,?IS K9D ( HAPP9ESS IS ALSO 
EXP]I5C$ BY ! DEC5T PEOPLE :O GO TO WAT* EXECUTIONS4 ,! REBEL1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 LIMITS HIMSELF1 
AS A MATT] ( PR9CIPLE1 TO REFUS+ TO BE HUMILIAT$ )\T ASK+ ?AT O!RS %\LD BE4 ,HE WILL EV5 
ACCEPT PA9 PROVID$ HIS 9TEGRITY IS RESPECT$4 

,IT IS !RE=E H>D TO UND]/& :Y ,S*EL] COMPLETELY ID5TIFIES ! SPIRIT ( REBELLION ) RES5TM5T4 

,HIS CRITICISM ( ! RES5TM5T TO BE F\ND 9 HUMANI-T>IANISM 7:I* HE TREATS AS ! NON-,*RI/IAN 
=M ( LOVE = MANK9D7 C\LD P]HAPS BE APPLI$ TO C]TA9 9DET]M9ATE =MS ( HUMANIT>IAN 
IDEALISM1 OR TO ! TE*NIQUES ( T]ROR4 ,BUT IT R+S FALSE 9 RELATION TO MAN'S REBELLION AGA9/ HIS 
CONDITION--! MOVEM5T ?AT 5LI/S ! 9DIVIDUAL 9 ! DEF5SE ( A DIGNITY COMMON TO ALL M54 

,S*EL] WANTS TO DEMON/RATE ?AT HUMANIT>IAN FEEL+S >E ALWAYS ACCOMPANI$ BY A HATR$ ( ! WORLD4 

,HUMANITY IS LOV$ 9 G5]AL 9 ORD] TO AVOID HAV+ TO LOVE ANYBODY 9 P>TICUL>4 ,?IS IS CORRECT1 9 
SOME CASES1 & IT IS EASI] TO UND]/& ,S*EL] :5 WE REALIZE ?AT = HIM HUMANIT>IANISM IS 
REPRES5T$ BY ,B5?AM & ,R\SSEAU4 ,BUT MAN'S LOVE = MAN CAN BE BORN ( O!R ?+S ?AN A 
MA!MATICAL CALCULATION ( ! RESULTANT REW>DS OR A !ORETICAL CONFID5CE 9 HUMAN NATURE4 ,9 FACE ( 
! UTILIT>IANS1 & ( ,EMILE'S PRECEPTOR1 !RE IS1 = EXAMPLE1 ! K9D ( LOGIC1 EMBODI$ BY 
,DO/OIEVSKY 9 ,IVAN ,K>AMAZOV1 :I* PROGRESSES FROM AN ACT ( REBELLION TO METAPHYSICAL 9SURRECTION4 

,S*EL] IS AW>E ( ?IS & 
SUMS UP ! CONCEPT 9 ! FOLL[+ MANN]3 0,!RE IS NOT 5\< LOVE 9 ! WORLD TO SQU&] IT ON 
ANY?+ BUT HUMAN BE+S40 ,EV5 IF ?IS PROPOSITION W]E TRUE1 ! APPALL+ DESPAIR ?AT IT IMPLIES W\LD 
M]IT ANY?+ BUT CONTEMPT4 ,9 FACT1 IT MISUND]/&S ! TORTUR$ *>ACT] ( ,K>AMAZOV'S REBELLION4 

,IVAN'S DRAMA1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 >ISES FROM ! FACT ?AT !RE IS TOO MU* LOVE )\T AN OBJECT4 ,?IS LOVE 
F9D+ NO \TLET & ,GOD BE+ D5I$1 IT IS !N DECID$ TO LAVI% IT ON HUMAN BE+S AS A G5]\S ACT 
( COMPLICITY4 

,NEV]!LESS1 9 ! ACT ( REBELLION AS WE HAVE 5VISAG$ IT UP TO N[1 AN AB/RACT IDEAL IS NOT *OS5 
?R\< LACK ( FEEL+ & 9 PURSUIT ( A /]ILE DEM&4 ,WE 9SI/ ?AT ! P>T ( MAN :I* CANNOT BE 
R$UC$ TO M]E IDEAS %\LD BE TAK5 9TO CONSID]ATION--! PASSIONATE SIDE ( HIS NATURE ?AT S]VES NO 
O!R PURPOSE ?AN TO BE P>T ( ! ACT ( LIV+4 ,DOES ?IS IMPLY ?AT NO REBELLION IS MOTIVAT$ BY 
RES5TM5T8 ,NO1 & WE KN[ IT ONLY TOO WELL 9 ?IS AGE ( MALICE4 ,BUT WE MU/ CONSID] ! IDEA ( 
REBELLION 9 ITS WIDE/ S5SE ON PA9 ( BETRAY+ IT2 & 9 ITS WIDE/ S5SE REBELLION GOES F> BEYOND 
RES5TM5T4 ,:5 ,HEA?CLIFF1 9 ,WU!R+ ,HEI<TS1 SAYS ?AT HE PUTS HIS LOVE ABOVE ,GOD & W\LD 
WILL+LY GO TO HELL 9 ORD] TO BE REUNIT$ ) ! WOMAN HE LOVES1 HE IS PROMPT$ NOT ONLY BY Y\? & 
HUMILIATION BUT BY ! CONSUM+ EXP]I5CE ( A :OLE LIFETIME4 ,! SAME EMOTION CAUSES ,ECK>T1 9 A 
SURPRIS+ FIT ( H]ESY1 TO SAY ?AT HE PREF]S HELL ) ,JESUS TO HEAV5 )\T ,HIM4 ,?IS IS ! V]Y 
ESS5CE ( LOVE4 ,CONTR>Y TO ,S*EL]1 IT W\LD !RE=E BE IMPOSSIBLE TO OV]EMPHASIZE ! PASSIONATE 
AFFIRMATION ?AT UND]LIES ! ACT ( REBELLION & DI/+UI%ES IT FROM RES5TM5T4 ,REBELLION1 ?\< 
APP>5TLY NEGATIVE1 S9CE IT CREATES NO?+1 IS PR(\NDLY POSITIVE 9 ?AT IT REVEALS ! P>T ( MAN :I* 
MU/ ALWAYS BE DEF5D$4 

,BUT1 TO SUM UP1 >E NOT REBELLION & ! VALUES ?AT IT IMPLIES RELATIVE8 ,REASONS = REBELLION DO SEEM TO 
*ANGE1 9 FACT1 ) P]IODS & CIVILIZATIONS4 ,IT IS OBVI\S ?AT A ,H9DU P>IAH1 AN ,9CA W>RIOR1 A 
PRIMITIVE NATIVE ( C5TRAL ,AFRICA1 & A MEMB] ( ONE ( ! FIR/ ,*RI/IAN COMMUNITIES HAD NOT AT ALL 
! SAME IDEAS AB\T REBELLION4 

,WE C\LD EV5 ASS]T1 ) CONSID]ABLE ASSURANCE1 ?AT ! IDEA ( REBELLION HAS NO MEAN+ 9 !SE 
P>TICUL> CASES4 ,H[EV]1 A ,GREEK SLAVE1 A S]F1 A CONDOTTI]E ( ! ,R5AISSANCE1 A ,P>ISIAN B\RGEOIS 
DUR+ ! ,REG5CY1 A ,RUSSIAN 9TELLECTUAL AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! TW5TIE? C5TURY1 & A CONTEMPOR>Y 
WORK] W\LD UND\BT$LY AGREE ?AT REBELLION IS LEGITIMATE1 EV5 IF !Y DIFF]$ AB\T ! REASONS = IT4 

,9 O!R WORDS1 ! PROBLEM ( REBELLION SEEMS TO ASSUME A PRECISE MEAN+ ONLY )9 ! CONF9ES ( 
,WE/]N ?\<T4 ,IT IS POSSIBLE TO BE EV5 MORE EXPLICIT BY REM>K+1 LIKE ,S*EL]1 ?AT ! SPIRIT ( 
REBELLION F9DS FEW MEANS ( EXPRESSION 9 SOCIETIES :]E 9EQUALITIES >E V]Y GREAT 7! ,H9DU CA/E 
SY/EM7 OR1 AGA91 9 ?OSE :]E !RE IS ABSOLUTE EQUALITY 7C]TA9 PRIMITIVE SOCIETIES74 ,! SPIRIT ( 
REBELLION CAN EXI/ ONLY 9 A SOCIETY :]E A !ORETICAL EQUALITY CONCEALS GREAT FACTUAL 9EQUALITIES4 ,! 
PROBLEM ( REBELLION1 !RE=E1 HAS NO MEAN+ EXCEPT )9 \R [N ,WE/]N SOCIETY4 ,ONE MI<T BE 
TEMPT$ TO AFFIRM ?AT IT IS RELATIVE TO ! DEVELOPM5T ( 9DIVIDUALISM IF ! PREC$+ REM>KS HAD NOT 
PUT US ON \R GU>D AGA9/ ?IS CONCLUSION4 ,ON ! BASIS ( ! EVID5CE1 ! ONLY CONCLUSION ?AT CAN BE 
DRAWN FROM ,S*EL]'S REM>K IS ?AT1 ?ANKS TO ! !ORY ( POLITICAL FRE$OM1 !RE IS1 9 ! V]Y HE>T ( 
\R SOCIETY1 AN 9CREAS+ AW>5ESS 9 MAN ( ! IDEA ( MAN &1 ?ANKS TO ! APPLICATION ( ?IS 
!ORY ( FRE$OM1 A CORRESPOND+ DISSATISFACTION4 ,ACTUAL FRE$OM HAS NOT 9CREAS$ 9 PROPORTION TO 
MAN'S AW>5ESS ( IT4 ,WE CAN ONLY D$UCE FROM ?IS OBS]VATION ?AT REBELLION IS ! ACT ( AN $UCAT$ 
MAN :O IS AW>E ( HIS [N RI<TS4 ,BUT !RE IS NO?+ :I* JU/IFIES US 9 SAY+ ?AT IT IS ONLY A 
QUE/ION ( 9DIVIDUAL RI<TS4 ,BECAUSE ( ! S5SE ( SOLID>ITY WE HAVE ALREADY PO9T$ \T1 IT W\LD 
RA!R SEEM ?AT :AT IS AT /AKE IS HUMANITY'S GRADUALLY 9CREAS+ SELF-AW>5ESS AS IT PURSUES ITS C\RSE4 

,9 FACT1 = ! ,9CA & ! P>IAH ! PROBLEM NEV] >ISES1 BECAUSE = !M IT HAD BE5 SOLV$ BY A 
TRADITION1 EV5 BE=E !Y HAD HAD TIME TO RAISE IT--! ANSW] BE+ ?AT TRADITION IS SACR$4 ,IF 9 A WORLD 
:]E ?+S >E HELD SACR$ ! PROBLEM ( REBELLION DOES NOT >ISE1 IT IS BECAUSE NO REAL PROBLEMS >E TO 
BE F\ND 9 SU* A WORLD1 ALL ! ANSW]S HAV+ BE5 GIV5 SIMULTANE\SLY4 ,METAPHYSIC IS REPLAC$ BY MY?4 ,!RE >E NO MORE QUE/IONS1 ONLY ET]NAL ANSW]S & COMM5T>IES1 :I* 
MAY BE METAPHYSICAL4 ,BUT BE=E MAN ACCEPTS ! SACR$ WORLD & 9 ORD] ?AT HE %\LD BE ABLE TO ACCEPT IT-- OR 
BE=E HE ESCAPES FROM IT & 9 ORD] ?AT HE %\LD BE ABLE TO ESCAPE FROM IT--!RE IS ALWAYS A P]IOD ( S\L- 
SE>*+ & REBELLION4 ,! REBEL IS A MAN :O IS ON ! PO9T ( ACCEPT+ OR REJECT+ ! SACR$ & DET]M9$ 
ON LAY+ CLAIM TO A HUMAN SITUATION 9 :I* ALL ! ANSW]S >E HUMAN--9 O!R WORDS1 =MULAT$ 9 REASONABLE 
T]MS4 ,FROM ?IS MOM5T EV]Y QUE/ION1 EV]Y WORD1 IS AN ACT ( REBELLION :ILE 9 ! SACR$ WORLD EV]Y WORD IS 
AN ACT ( GRACE4 ,IT W\LD BE POSSIBLE TO DEMON/RATE 9 ?IS MANN] ?AT ONLY TWO POSSIBLE WORLDS CAN EXI/ = ! 
HUMAN M9D3 ! SACR$ 7OR1 TO SPEAK 9 ,*RI/IAN T]MS1 ! WORLD ( GRACE.<#c.>7 & ! WORLD ( REBELLION4 ,! 
DISAPPE>ANCE ( ONE IS EQUIVAL5T TO ! APPE>ANCE ( ! O!R1 DESPITE ! FACT ?AT ?IS APPE>ANCE CAN TAKE PLACE 
9 DISCONC]T+ =MS4 ,!RE AGA9 WE R$ISCOV] ! ,ALL OR ,NO?+4 ,! PRES5T 9T]E/ ( ! PROBLEM ( 
REBELLION ONLY SPR+S FROM ! FACT ?AT N[ADAYS :OLE SOCIETIES HAVE WANT$ TO DISC>D ! SACR$4 ,WE LIVE 9 AN 
UNSACROSANCT MOM5T 9 HI/ORY4 ,9SURRECTION IS C]TA9LY NOT ! SUM TOTAL ( HUMAN EXP]I5CE4 ,BUT HI/ORY TODAY1 
) ALL ITS /ORM & /RIFE1 COMPELS US TO SAY ?AT REBELLION IS ONE ( ! ESS5TIAL DIM5SIONS ( MAN4 ,IT IS \R 
HI/ORIC REALITY4 ,UNLESS WE *OOSE TO IGNORE REALITY1 WE MU/ F9D \R VALUES 9 IT4 ,IS IT POSSIBLE TO F9D A RULE ( 
CONDUCT \TSIDE ! REALM ( RELIGION & ITS ABSOLUTE VALUES8 ,?AT IS ! QUE/ION RAIS$ BY REBELLION4 

,WE HAVE ALREADY NOT$ ! CONFUS$ VALUES ?AT >E CALL$ 9TO PLAY BY 9CIPI5T REBELLION4 ,N[ WE MU/ 9QUIRE IF 
!SE VALUES >E TO BE F\ND AGA9 9 CONTEMPOR>Y =MS ( REBELLI\S ?\<T & ACTION1 & IF !Y >E1 WE MU/ 
SPECIFY !IR CONT5T4 ,BUT1 BE=E GO+ ANY F>!R1 LET US NOTE ?AT ! BASIS ( !SE VALUES IS REBELLION 
ITSELF4 ,MAN'S SOLID>ITY IS F\ND$ UPON REBELLION1 & REBELLION1 9 ITS TURN1 CAN ONLY F9D ITS JU/IFICATION 9 
?IS SOLID>ITY4 ,WE HAVE1 !N1 ! RI<T TO SAY ?AT ANY REBELLION :I* CLAIMS ! RI<T TO D5Y OR DE/ROY 
?IS SOLID>ITY LOSES SIMULTANE\SLY ITS RI<T TO BE CALL$ REBELLION & BECOMES 9 REALITY AN ACQUIESC5CE 
9 MURD]4 ,9 ! SAME WAY1 ?IS SOLID>ITY1 EXCEPT 9 SO F> AS RELIGION IS CONC]N$1 COMES TO LIFE ONLY ON 
! LEVEL ( REBELLION4 ,& SO ! REAL DRAMA ( REVOLUTION>Y ?\<T IS ANN\NC$4 ,9 ORD] TO EXI/1 MAN 
MU/ REBEL1 BUT REBELLION MU/ RESPECT ! LIMIT IT DISCOV]S 9 ITSELF--A LIMIT :]E M9DS MEET &1 9 
MEET+1 BEG9 TO EXI/4 ,REBELLI\S ?\<T1 !RE=E1 CANNOT DISP5SE ) MEMORY3 IT IS A P]PETUAL /ATE 
( T5SION4 ,9 /UDY+ ITS ACTIONS & ITS RESULTS1 WE %ALL HAVE TO SAY1 EA* TIME1 :E!R IT REMA9S 
FAI?FUL TO ITS FIR/ NOBLE PROMISE OR IF1 ?R\< 9DOL5CE OR FOLLY1 IT =GETS ITS ORIG9AL PURPOSE & 
PLUNGES 9TO A MIRE ( TYRANNY OR S]VITUDE4 

,MEAN:ILE1 WE CAN SUM UP ! 9ITIAL PROGRESS ?AT ! SPIRIT ( REBELLION PROVOKES 9 A M9D ?AT IS 
ORIG9ALLY IMBU$ ) ! ABSURDITY & APP>5T /]ILITY ( ! WORLD4 ,9 ABSURDI/ EXP]I5CE1 SUFF]+ 
IS 9DIVIDUAL4 ,BUT FROM ! MOM5T :5 A MOVEM5T ( REBELLION BEG9S1 SUFF]+ IS SE5 AS A COLLECTIVE 
EXP]I5CE4 ,!RE=E ! FIR/ PROGRESSIVE /EP = A M9D OV]:ELM$ BY ! /RANG5ESS ( ?+S IS TO 
REALIZE ?AT ?IS FEEL+ ( /RANG5ESS IS %>$ ) ALL M5 & ?AT HUMAN REALITY1 9 ITS 5TIRETY1 SUFF]S 
FROM ! DI/ANCE :I* SEP>ATES IT FROM ! RE/ ( ! UNIV]SE4 ,! MALADY EXP]I5C$ BY A S+LE 
MAN BECOMES A MASS PLAGUE4 ,9 \R DAILY TRIALS REBELLION PLAYS ! SAME ROLE AS DOES ! 0COGITO0 9 ! 
REALM ( ?\<T3 IT IS ! FIR/ PIECE ( EVID5CE4 ,BUT ?IS EVID5CE LURES ! 9DIVIDUAL FROM HIS SOLITUDE4 

,IT F\NDS ITS FIR/ VALUE ON ! :OLE HUMAN RACE4 ,I REBEL--!RE=E WE EXI/4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#d1 #bba 3 ,P>T #a -- ,ADD$4 

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