,! ,QUE/ION ( ,COPYRI<T 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,JAMES ,L4 ,WALK] 

,TEXT 3 

,I4 

,I HAVE READ ) 9T]E/ :AT HAS APPE>$ 9 ,LIB]TY ON ?IS SUBJECT1--NO D\BT A PUZZL+ ONE1 BECAUSE BO? AB/RACT & COMPLEX4 ,:AT IS COPYRI<T8 ,! WORD MEANS ! RI<T TO COPY4 ,BUT IF ,I SAY ,I AM 9 FAVOR ( COPY+ :AT WE WANT TO COPY1 ! ADVOCATES ( COPYRI<T WILL IMM$IATELY TELL ME ?AT ?IS IS PRECISELY :AT !Y DO NOT ALL[1 EXCEPT TO ! AU?OR & HIS ASSIGNS4 ,! WORD & ! LAW >E D]IV$ FROM A POLITICAL CONDITION 9 :I* ! SOV]EIGN PROHIBIT$ 9DIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES 9 G5]AL1 !N RELAX$ ! PROHIBITION 9 FAVOR ( C]TA9 P]SONS4 ,?IS !ORY ( DESPOTIC P[] & GRACI\S 9DULG5CE IS ! F\NDATION ( ! PAT5T SY/EM4 ,! AU?OR IS ONE ( ! CLASS ( 9V5TORS1 O!RWISE DISCOV]]S4 ,:E!R HE HAD TO LABOR TO ANY APPRECIABLE EXT5T OR :E!R HIS DISCOV]Y1 HIS PROSE OR POETRY1 FLA%$ FROM HIS G5IUS1 MAKES NO DIFF]5CE 9 HIS /&+ AS REG>DS HIS LEGAL RI<T4 

,/>T+ FROM ! ,EGOI/IC PO9T ( VIEW1 ,I ( C\RSE HAVE NO RESPECT = HIS RI<T AS HIS RI<T4 ,IS IT CONV5I5T TO ME 9 ! LONG RUN8 ,BY A PROCESS ( REASON+ & SOME 9H]IT$ QUALITIES ,I P]CEIVE1 & IT IS AGREEABLE TO ME TO FEEL1 ?AT M5 MAY BE APPROXIMATELY EQUAL 9 9DU/RIAL RELATIONS ) MUTUAL B5EFIT4 ,?US ,I AM DISPOS$ TO ALL[ TO O!RS ! POSSESSION ( !IR LABOR PRODUCTS IF !Y WILL ALL[ M9E TO ME4 ,BUT ,I MAKE NO SACR$ DOGMA ( ?IS1 & IT HAS TO BE QUALIFI$ 9 ACCORDANCE ) MY REASON = ALL[+ IT4 ,?US1 = EXAMPLE1 IF MY NEI<BOR TAKES A NOTION TO MAKE A G>D5 UPON ! GR\ND DEVOT$ TO A ROAD1 ,I %ALL CONSULT MY [N CONV5I5CE AB\T DRIV+ ACROSS HIS G>D54 

,I NOT ONLY ALL[ TO O!RS !IR LABOR PRODUCTS1 BUT ALSO A REASONABLE AM\NT ( MAT]IAL ON :I* TO WORK1 & ALL MAT]IAL 9 :I* !Y HAVE EMBODI$ !IR LABOR )\T TRESPASS4 ,BO? !SE K9DS ( PROP]TY ,I *E]FULLY RECOGNIZE1 AS BE+ 9SEP>ABLE4 ,H]E ,I AM DISPOS$ TO /OP4 ,%[ ME ?AT ANY O!R PROP]TY IS REASONABLE & CAN BE MA9TA9$ )\T GOV]NM5T2 !N ,I MAY ACKN[L$GE IT4 

,LIT]>Y & PAT5T-RI<T PROP]TY1 AS ,I KN[ IT1 IS ANO!R NAME = PROHIBITION4 ,IT PROHIBITS AN EX]CISE ( ONE'S 9ITIATIVE & LABOR+ FACULTIES4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ,I WILL JO9 ) MY NEI<BOR ,B TO PREV5T ,C FROM TAK+ ,B'S F>M OR HIS /ATUE OR HIS H\SE1 & ,I EXPECT G5]AL CONS5T4 ,:Y8 ,BECAUSE M5 9 G5]AL CAN MAKE USE ( L& = F>MS1 & CAN 5JOY PROP]TY 9 ! O!R M5TION$ =MS4 ,IT IS NOT ESPECIALLY BECAUSE HE *ISEL$ ! /ATUE OR BUILT ! H\SE1 BUT BECAUSE IT CAME 9TO HIS POSSESSION 9 A MANN] :I* ,I RECOGNIZE AS LAWFUL1 P]HAPS BY EX*ANGE4 ,!RE APPE>S TO BE 5\< RAW MAT]IAL = ALL TO HAVE WORK & CONSEQU5T COM=T4 ,ALL M5 CAN F9D USE = A PIECE ( L&2 H5CE1 :5 M5 BECOME MORE 9TELLIG5T1 !Y WILL SEE !IR 9T]E/ 9 DEF5D+ ! OCCUPI]4 ,BUT H[ MANY \T ( A ?\S& >E CAPABLE ( AVAIL+ !MSELVES ( COPYRI<T & PAT5T LAWS TO MAKE MORE ?AN !Y CAN MAKE BY DISREG>D+ SU* LAWS8 

,ALL M5 HAVE LABOR PRODUCTS LIMIT$ BY ! MAT]IAL 9 :I* ! LABOR IS EMBODI$1 & H5CE TRANSF]ABLE4 ,A COPYRI<T-PRIVILEGE OR PAT5T-RI<T PRIVILEGE AWAITS EMBODIM5T 9 O!R MAT]IAL1 & ! AU?OR OR 9V5TOR1 IF PROTECT$1 CAN BUT LEVY TOLL UPON ?OSE :O WILL EMBODY IT 9 IMITATION ( HIM4 

,I SEE ?AT IT IS PROPOS$1 9 PUTT+ TOGE!R ! SCATT]$ PROVISIONS ( ,BRITI% COPYRI<T LAW1 TO 9CLUDE ABRIDGM5TS4 ,!N !RE IS ! RI<T ( TRANSLATION4 ,PLAGI>ISM IS A DELICATE PO9T 9 MANY CASES4 ,I ?9K IT MU/ BE V]Y DIFFICULT TO CONTRIVE ANY PLAN ( PROTECT+ COPYRI<T :I* WILL NOT EI!R LEAVE A LOOPHOLE = PLAGI>ISM OR 9VOLVE GOV]NM5T1 & ?AT SU* W\LD BE ! CASE W]E ALL DISPOS$ TO ADMIT ! DOCTR9E ( COPYRI<T4 

,AS A MATT] ( COMITY1 ,I ?9K PUBLI%]S C\LD WELL COME TO AGREEM5TS NOT TO DUPLICATE EA* O!R'S WORK1 BUT AN 9DISP5SABLE CONDITION AMONG FREE M5 MU/ BE ?AT AU?ORS & !IR PUBLI%]S %ALL NOT 5JOY ! PROHIBITORY PRIVILEGE :I* IS ! S\L ( COPYRI<T4 

,BESIDES 5DORS+ ,MR4 ,TUCK]'S >GUM5T 9 REPLY TO ,MR4 ,DONI/HORPE1 ,I WI% TO ADD A FEW WORDS ON ! 9V5TIONS :I* HAVE BE5 AB&ON$ TO ! PUBLIC1 NOT SUP]S$$4 ,LET US SUPPOSE ?AT P]PETUAL PAT5T & COPYRI<T HAD EXI/$ FROM ! BEG9N+ ( CIVILIZATION1 & ?AT ALL 9V5TORS HAD CLAIM$ !IR RI<TS4 ,9 ?AT CASE !RE W\LD BE ROYALTIES ON ! :EEL1 ! SAW1 ! KNIFE1 ! AX1 ! PL[1 ! USE ( IRON1 ! PROCESSES 9 EV]Y MANUFACTURE1 ON ALL GAMES1 ON MONEY1 ON PAP]1 ON FIRE1 ON MAT*ES1 ON W9D[ GLASS1 ON DOORS & H+ES1 ON SPR+S1 ON LOCKS1 ON B$S1 ON SOAP & ! USE ( SOAP1 ON HOT WAT]1 ON BRU%ES1 ON EV]Y K9D ( CLO!S & %OES1 ON 9K1 TYPES & EV]Y PRESS1 ON ! MUSICAL NOTATION1 ON BOOKS1 ON ! ALPHABET1 ON ! NUM]ALS1 ON >I?METIC1 ON BOOKKEEP+ BY S+LE & D\BLE 5TRY4 ,:AT W\LD BUS9ESS M5 DO )\T FIGURES8 ,!Y MU/ PAY ! DESC5DANT ( SOME ,>ABIAN4 ,:AT W\LD 5G9E]S DO )\T ALGEBRA8 ,!Y1 TOO1 MU/ PAY4 ,EV]YBODY MU/ PAY = HAV+ A NAME & SURNAME4 ,:AT W\LD COMPOS]S DO )\T A /AFF & NOTES1 OR AU?ORS )\T AN ALPHABET8 ,!Y C\LD NOT CLAIM ANY COPYRI<T1 = !Y >E US+ SIGNS 9V5T$ BY A MONK4 ,! ,*UR*1 BE+ HIS HEIR1 MI<T F>M LETT]S \T4 ,BUT IT1 9 TURN1 MU/ GET ! P]MISSION ( ! [N]S ( ! PROCESSES ( PAP]-MAK+1 PR9T+1 & BOOKB9D+4 ,! :OLE SY/EM1 BESIDES1 W\LD REQUIRE MORE FUNCTION>IES ?AN ,PR\DHON 5UM]AT$ TO B$EVIL ! MASS ( MANK9D4 ,CAN ?AT BE SOCIAL SCI5CE :I* W\LD RESULT 9 SLAV]Y TO PRIVILEGE BUT = ! AB&ONM5TS & 9VASIONS BE=E SOCIAL SCI5CE WAS ?\<T (8 

,MR4 ,SIMPSON'S PROPOSITION ( CONTROL OV] ANO!R BY VIRTUE ( HAV+ ADORN$ HIS PIECE ( L&1 & ! O!R'S WANT+ TO IMITATE HIS ADORNM5T1 WILL DO V]Y WELL4 ,I %ALL IMITATE ,MR4 ,SIMPSON'S ADORNM5T & MAKE NO PRET5SE ( ORIG9ALITY OR CO9CID5CE4 ,9 ORD] TO F9E ME1 HE WILL HAVE TO COME ) =CE UPON MY PIECE ( L&4 ,I %ALL TALK TO ! NEI<BORS AB\T IT1 & 5DEAVOR TO %[ !M H[ ! BALANCE ( EX*ANGE IS AFFECT$ IF WE DO NOT RECEIVE LABOR EQUIVAL5TS1 BUT >E =C$ TO PAY = LOOK+ AT OBJECTS PUBLICLY EXPOS$4 ,MR4 ,SIMPSON WILL !N PROCE$ TO 5=CE HIS CLAIM1 P]HAPS4 ,:ILE HE IS DO+ SO1 ,I MAY HAVE ! LUCK TO DISCOV] 9 ! PROP]TY ( SOMEBODY ELSE ! NATURAL OBJECT :I* GAVE HIM HIS DESIGN1 & !N !RE WILL BE AN UNLIMIT$ CLAIM AGA9/ ,MR4 ,SIMPSON4 

,I HAVE SOME FUR!R REM>KS TO MAKE T\*+ ON ,SP5C] & ,Y>ROS4 

,I,I4 

,MR4 ,Y>ROS IS AN EASY WRIT]4 ,A PROV]B TELLS ! CONSEQU5CE TO READ]S4 ,HE BEGAN ON COPYRI<T BY DESIGNAT+ ! NOTION ( A P]PETUAL MONOPOLY ( IDEAS AS TOO SILLY TO REQUIRE ANY =CE = ITS REFUTATION4 ,BUT 9 HIS SECOND >TICLE HE SAYS ?AT IT IS ONLY ! DIFFICULTIES 9 ! PRACTICAL APPLICATION ( ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE ?AT NECESSITATE ! ABRIDGM5T & LIMITATION ( ! RI<T ( PROP]TY 9 ?IS P>TICUL> SPH]E1 &1 AS TO ! P]PETUAL & UNLIMIT$ RI<T TO PROP]TY 9 IDEAS1 !RE IS NO >GUM5T AGA9/ SU* A MONOPOLY :I* DOES NOT APPLY EQUALLY WELL TO MONOPOLY 9 ?+S MAT]IAL PRODUC$ BY LABOR4 ,9 HIS ?IRD >TICLE1 HE CLAIMS BY ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE ( EQUAL LIB]TY PROP]TY 9 IDEAS AS HAV+ ! SAME SANCTION AS PROP]TY 9 MAT]IAL ?+S1 & SAYS3 ,9 NO CASE DOES ! AU?OR OR 9V5TOR :O HAS ! MONOPOLY ( ! USE OR SALE ( HIS 9V5TION OR DISCOV]Y 9FR+E ! EQUAL RI<T ( O!RS4 ,BUT ! APPLICATION ( ! PR9CIPLE IS DIFFICULT1 H5CE :]E ABSOLUTE JU/ICE CANNOT BE HAD A TEMPOR>Y PROTECTION IS ACCORD$4 ,AS TO LIT]>Y WORKS HE SAYS3 ,I SEE NO REASON = VIOLAT+ ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE 9 ?IS CASE4 ,N[ !N1 WAS IT EXCESSIVELY SILLY 7IF ALL ?IS BE SO7 = ANYONE TO 5T]TA9 ! NOTION ( A P]PETUAL MONOPOLY ( IDEAS1 AT LEA/ UNTIL ! PRACTICAL BREAKD[N ( ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE WAS DISCOV]$8 ,IS IT TOO SILLY A NOTION TO NE$ REFUTATION1 ?\< ,MR4 ,Y>ROS'S REFUTATION DOES NOT DIRECTLY AFFECT ! NOTION1 BUT AFFECTS A L9E ( CONDUCT8 ,CAN EV]Y ONE BE EXPECT$ TO KN[ (F-H& :5 A G5]AL PR9CIPLE MU/ BE VIOLAT$8 

,I GA!R ?AT ,MR4 ,Y>ROS BELIEVES 9 TWO K9DS ( COPYRI<T3 P]PETUAL AS TO ! EXACT =M1 & TEMPOR>Y AS TO ! IDEAS1--TEMPOR>Y PROTECTION AGA9/ PLAGI>ISM4 ,9 SAY+ IDEAS ,I AM REM9D$ ( A QUE/ION H[ F> =M ( EXPRESSION IS IDEA & H[ F> IT IS LABOR4 ,I FEEL QUITE C]TA9 ?AT IT IS BO? COMB9$ 9 V>Y+ PROPORTIONS2 BUT1 TO PROCE$1 ,I WILL SAY ( =M1 TO ELIM9ATE ALL QUE/ION ( CO9CID5CE1 H]E IS A BOOK ) ! AU?OR'S NAME ON ! TITLE PAGE4 

,MR4 ,Y>ROS PR(ESSES TO DIV]GE FROM ! ,SP5C]IAN POSITION1--TO MAKE A DI/9CTION BETWE5 ! RI<T TO PROP]TY 9 9V5TIONS & ! RI<T TO LIT]>Y PROP]TY4 ,WAS IT NOT AN UNNECESS>Y DI/9CTION TO BE P>AD$ 9 FRONT ( ,MR4 ,TUCK] 9 VIEW ( ! FACT ?AT ,MR4 ,TUCK] WAS NOT ATTACK+ M]ELY P]PETUAL COPYRI<T & PAT5T RI<T BUT ! TEMPOR>Y RI<T ALSO1--& 9 VIEW ( ! FACT ?AT ,MR4 ,Y>ROS BELIEVES 9 ! RI<T ( PROTECTION 9 ! ONE CASE = SOME TIME & 9 ! O!R = ALL TIME8 ,TUCK] IS AFT] ! ,CANAANITES & ! ,AMALEKITES1 :]EUPON ,Y>ROS COMES 9 & SAYS3 ,I P]CEIVE A DI/9CTION4 ,!SE >E NOT ALL ,AMALEKITES6 

,! ALLEG$ DIV]G5CE ( ,MR4 ,Y>ROS FROM ,SP5C] APPE>S TO CONSI/ NOT 9 A DI/9CTION BETWE5 COPYRI<T1 9 ! BROAD S5SE 9 :I* ,SP5C] USES ! WORD1 & PAT5T RI<T1 BUT 9 A DI/9CTION :I* LEAVES A GREAT DEAL ( COPYRI<T /ILL 9 ! SAME CATEGORY ) PAT5T RI<T & SEP>ATES ONE CONCEIVABLE K9D OR DEGREE ( COPYRI<T FROM ! RE/ SO REMA9+ ) PAT5T RI<T4 ,?\< ,SP5C] DOES NOT MAKE ?AT DI/9CTION1 !RE IS NO?+ TO %[ ?AT HE W\LD BE UNWILL+ TO MAKE IT4 ,HAD ,MR4 ,Y>ROS REPUDIAT$ PROP]TY 9 IDEAS & HELD TO PROP]TY 9 ! =M1 !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 A DIFF]5CE BETWE5 HIM & ,SP5C] 9/EAD ( !RE BE+ SIMPLY A DI/9CTION 9 ?AT HE ANALYZES A PO9T :I* ,SP5C] LEAVES UNT\*$1 BUT :I* ,SP5C]'S >GUM5T W\LD LEAD ,SP5C] TO ANALYZE TO ! SAME EFFECT W]E HE CONSID]+ COPYRI<T MORE M9UTELY & NOT ) RELATION TO FIR/ ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE & SECONDLY HIS EXP$I5T AB&ONM5T ( ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE ON ACC\NT ( PRACTICAL DIFFICULTY4 ,BUT W]E ,SP5C] MAK+ SU* DI/9CTION1 HE W\LD NOT CALL ?IS A DI/9CTION BETWE5 PAT5T RI<T & COPYRI<T1 BUT A DI/9CTION BETWE5 7#a7 ?AT COPYRI<T :I* PROTECTS AGA9/ PLAGI>ISM & ) ?IS ALL PAT5T RI<TS1 & 7#b7 ?AT COPYRI<T :I* MI<T BE GIV5 TO AN AU?OR = HIS WORK SAY ) HIS NAME ON ! TITLE PAGE4 

,SAYS ,MR4 ,Y>ROS3 ,I CANNOT FOLL[ ,SP5C] 9 HIS ATTEMPT TO ABRIDGE ! RI<T ( AU?ORS TO !IR LIT]>Y WORKS4 ,YET ,MR4 ,Y>ROS HAS AV[$ HIMSELF 9 FAVOR ( ABRIDG+ SOME?+ :I* GOES BY ! NAME ( COPYRI<T--! PROTECTION ( A MONOPOLY 9 IDEAS--:I* IS :AT ,SP5C] HAD 9 VIEW1 AS WITNESS ! QUOTATION FROM ,SP5C] MADE BY ,MR4 ,Y>ROS4 ,SP5C] SPEAKS ( NEW KN[L$GE1 BE+ CLAIM$ AS PRIVATE PROP]TY1 ( PROP]TY 9 IDEAS1 :I* IT SEEMS DIFFICULT TO SPECIFY1 & !REUPON HE C\PLES ! 9V5TOR & AU?OR TOGE!R1 PAT5T & COPYRI<T4 ,ALL ?IS %[S ?AT ! ABRIDGM5T SPOK5 ( WAS CONCEIV$ ) REF]5CE TO ?AT ELEM5T 9 COPYRI<T :I* PROTECTS PROP]TY 9 IDEAS4 

,ON ! ,SP5C]IAN >GUM5T ITSELF1 ,I WILL CLAIM A HE>+ 9 ANO!R >TICLE1 BUT ,I WILL N[ DRAW ATT5TION .<#f.> TO !SE FACTS1 NAMELY1 ?AT :]EAS ,SP5C] 9TRODUCES ASS]TIONS ) ! PHRASES3 ,IT IS TOL]ABLY SELF-EVID5T1 ,IT IS CLE>1 ,IT IS FUR!R MANIFE/1 ,MR4 ,Y>ROS PR$ICATES ?AT PROP]TY 9 IDEAS IS LOGICALLY D$UC$ BY ,SP5C] FROM ! PR9CIPLE ( EQUAL LIB]TY4 ,SP5C]'S LANGUAGE DOES NOT LEAD ME TO ?9K ?AT ,SP5C] W\LD MAKE QUITE ?IS CLAIM4 ,HE F9DS HIMSELF PREPOSSESS$ 9 FAVOR ( PROP]TY 9 IDEAS1 &1 AS F> AS %[N BY ! QUOTATIONS1 HE DOES NOT P]CEIVE ANY VIOLATION ( LIB]TY 9 REAP+ A H>VE/ FROM ! ACTIVITY ( O!RS :OM HE MAY ASSUME TO HAVE BE5 AID$ BY ! IDEAS4 ,HE DOES NOT SEE ! H>M ( ! ME?OD BY :I* ! MAN :O SUPPLIES ! IDEA IS AID$ TO SECURE HIS ALLEG$ %>E 9 ! RESULTS ( ITS APPLICATION4 ,! MO/ ,I MAKE ( ,SP5C]'S POSITION AS VIEW$ BY ,SP5C] IS ?AT HE ?9KS PROP]TY 9 IDEAS IS NOT VETO$ BY ! PR9CIPLE ( EQUAL LIB]TY2 & 9CLUD$ 9 HIS NOTION ( PROP]TY 9 IDEAS IS A PROJECTION ( P[] :I* ,I %ALL NOT ADMIT TO BE P>T ( ! SCI5CE ( 9DU/RIAL RELATIONS4 

,I,I,I4 

,9 ,LIB]TY ,NO4 #agf !RE >E TWO QUOTATIONS FROM ,H]B]T ,SP5C]1 ! FIR/ CLAIM+ NEW KN[L$GE AS PRIVATE PROP]TY1 & ! SECOND DISCUSS+ ! PROBABILITY ( 9DEP5D5T DISCOV]IES AS A REASON = LIMIT+ ! 9V5TOR'S MONOPOLY4 ,I REG>D ,MR4 ,TUCK]'S REPLY 9 ! SAME NUMB] AS BE+ SATISFACTORY1 BUT !RE IS P]HAPS OCCASION = A REVIEW ( ! ALLEG$ PROP]TY 9 IDEAS & ( COPYRI<T 9 EV]Y =M1 FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( 9DIVIDUAL POSSESSION AS TRUE PROP]TY V]SUS SOCIET>Y 9VASION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL TO E/ABLI% AN ALLEG$ PROP]TY4 

,MY ?\<TS >E MY PROP]TY AS ! AIR 9 MY LUNGS IS MY PROP]TY4 ,:5 ,I PUBLI% MY IDEAS1 !Y BECOME ! PROP]TY ( AS MANY P]SONS AS COMPREH5D !M4 ,IF ANY P]SON WI%ES TO LIVE BY IMP>T+ HIS IDEAS 9 EX*ANGE = LABOR1 ,I HAVE NO?+ TO SAY AGA9/ HIS DO+ SO & GETT+ COOP]ATIVE PROTECTION )\T 9VAD+ ! P]SONS & PROP]TY ( MYSELF & MY ALLIES4 ,WE WILL TAKE C>E1 IF WE CAN1 ?AT HE & HIS P>TY DO NOT 9VADE \R H\SES1 /OP \R PR9T+-PRESSES1 & SEIZE \R BOOKS4 ,MR4 ,SP5C] IS WELCOME TO ALL ! PROP]TY 9 IDEAS ?AT HE CAN ]ECT & MA9TA9 )\T GOV]NM5T4 ,NO ONE CAN SPEAK OR WRITE1 & YET HAVE ! SAME ADVANTAGE AS IF HE W]E SIL5T1 PLUS ! ADVANTAGE ( A M>KET = HIS LECTURE OR HIS BOOK1 EV5 IF HE SELL BUT ONE COPY4 ,BUT :ATEV] HE CAN DO BY CONTRACT1 COOP]ATION1 & BOYCOTT+1--?AT IS1 BY ! MEANS ( EQUAL LIB]TY1--LET HIM DO AT HIS PLEASURE4 

,:5 ,SP5C] CLAIMS ! EXCLUSIVE USE ( HIS ORIG9AL IDEAS1 ,I AM 9T]E/$ TO KN[ H[ HE PURPOSES ( 5=C+ SU* CLAIM4 ,I DO NOT ADMIT IT4 ,! M]E FACT ?AT ! IDEA WAS ORIG9AL ) HIM DOES NOT HAVE AN EFFECT TO DEB> ME FROM US+ IT AFT] HE COMMUNICATES IT TO ME4 ,I DO NOT 9VADE ANY PRIVACY1 BUT1 :5 HE EI!R SELLS OR GIVES ME KN[L$GE1 IT IS M9E4 ,IT IS SIMPLY IMPOSSIBLE = HIM TO HAVE PROP]TY 9 ME1--9 ! RE/RA9T ( ME SO ?AT ,I MU/ NOT USE MY P51 MY PAP]1 & ,MR4 ,TUCK]'S TYPE ) ,MR4 ,TUCK]'S CONS5T2--?AT IS TO SAY1 ALL ?IS IS IMPOSSIBLE )\T TYRANNY4 ,! T]MS EQUAL FRE$OM1 IF CON/RU$ TO MEAN AN EQUAL DEGREE ( FRE$OM & AN EQUAL DEGREE ( D5IAL ( FRE$OM1--?AT IS1 LESS ?AN FULL FRE$OM1--BECOME A MOCK]Y ( :AT ,I UND]/& BY EQUAL FRE$OM4 ,I UND]/& BY IT NO PRIVILEG$ ORD] ( P]SONS1 NO PRIVILEGE EXCEPT BY P]SONAL CONS5T4 ,& H]E IS ! PO9T3 IF ,I UND]TAKE TO LIMIT MY CONCEIVABLE ACTION1 ,I DO SO 9 ! EX]CISE ( MY FRE$OM TO *OOSE OR REFUSE ALLIANCE ) O!RS4 ,FUR!R1 :ILE *OOS+ AS WISE & CONG5IAL TO \TLAW ! ROBB]1 ! ?IEF1 & ! MURD]]1 9 ASK+ ONLY VOLUNT>Y ADHESION TO ! ,AN>*I/IC COMPACT WE RECOGNIZE ?AT ADHESION IS AN EX]CISE ( FRE$OM4 ,I W\LD BE UND]/OOD ?AT PROP]TY1 9 ! ALLEG$ 9VASION ( :I* ,I MAY BE TAK51 IS TO BE GIV5 NO IDEALI/IC EXT5SION4 ,O!RWISE ,I WILL NOT SIGN ! COMPACT1 = ! T]MS EQUAL LIB]TY WILL MEAN NO MORE ?AN RECIPROCAL 9VASION4 

,?IS RESULT FOLL[S3 !RE >E TWO ASSOCIATIONS :]E !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 ONE4 ,[+ TO ,MR4 ,Y>ROS'S ASSOCIATION DEM&+ = AU?ORS A PROHIBITION UPON PR9T]S1 P]HAPS MANY AU?ORS ADH]E TO IT2 BUT ! PR9T]S WILL PROBABLY ADH]E TO ! SAME ASSOCIATION AS MYSELF4 ,I CAN UND]/& ?AT M5 :O FEEL ?AT !IR PROP]TY IS 9VAD$ WILL RETALIATE1 BUT ,I DO NOT UND]/& H[ ! AU?ORS >E GO+ TO RETALIATE SUCCESSFULLY AGA9/ ! PR9T]S & READ]S4 ,I KN[ ?AT ! P5SION]S REG>D !IR 9COMES AS PROP]TY & >E PREP>$ TO KEEP !MSELVES SADDL$ UPON ! TAXPAY]S1 & IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT SOME P5SIONS HAVE BE5 GIV5 = S]VICES :I* SOME ( ! TAXPAY]S W\LD WILL+LY CONTRIBUTE SOME?+ TO REW>D1 BUT ONLY AS A VOLUNT>Y CONTRIBUTION4 ,ON A CLAIM TO EXACT ! P5SIONS1 ! ISSUE DEP5DS UPON ! DECISION ( ?OSE :O PAY !M4 

,AN>*ISM HAS TO FACE ! CLAIMS ( PEOPLE :O HAVE PUT ! EVID5CES ( PA/ LABOR 9TO GOV]NM5T BONDS & L& 9VE/M5TS AS WELL AS PAT5T & O!R ROYALTIES4 ,IT IS V]Y IMPORTANT !N TO SETTLE ! QUE/ION3 :AT CON/ITUTES PROP]TY8 

,I TAKE A COPYRI<T$ BOOK & COPY IT4 ,I GIVE OR SELL ! COPY TO ANO!R4 ,HE READS IT4 ,HE MI<T OR MI<T NOT HAVE B\<T ! AU?OR'S $ITION IF ,I HAD NEV] EXI/$ TO DRAW HIS ATT5TION TO ! WORK4 ,ALL ?AT ,I DO 9 ! MATT] IS DONE 9 MY [N ROOM & ) MY [N PROP]TY4 

,! AU?OR DOES NOT KN[ ( MY ACTION1 & CANNOT1 BY ANY 9SPECTION ( HIS PROP]TY1 DISCOV] ?AT ANY P>T IS MISS+4 ,DOES NOT ! ANALYSIS %[ ?AT ! CLAIM ( IMMAT]IAL LIT]>Y PROP]TY IS A CLAIM ( PROP]TY 9 O!R M5'S PRODUCTION8 ,TRUE ?AT BUT = ! AU?OR ! BOOK W\LD NOT BE !RE = ME TO COPY1 BUT TRUE ALSO ?AT ,I HAVE NOT CONTRACT$ ) ANY MAN TO GIVE HIM A P[] ( ?RU/+ HIS P>TN]%IP UPON ME1 HE DO+ SOME?+ :I* HAS CO/ HIM C]TA9 LABOR & 9 RETURN TAK+ A G5]AL 9JUNCTION UPON US ALL1 FROM :I* IT IS NOT IMPOSSIBLE ?AT HE WILL MAKE T5 ?\S& TIMES ! AM\NT ?AT HIS LABOR W\LD HAVE MADE4 ,?IS1 IF WE P]MIT1 HE MAKES \T ( US BY ! COMB9ATION ( A C]TA9 AM\NT ( LABOR ) SOME =TUNATE IDEA & \R BELIEF 9 ALL[+ IMMAT]IAL PROP]TY4 ,DO WE NOT ALL SEE ?AT H]E >E ! ELEM5TS ( EXPLOITATION ( MAN BY MAN8 ,& UND] ,AN>*ISM WILL NOT ! AU?ORS' ASSOCIATION BE SO SMALL & ! FREE COPYRI<T ASSOCIATION SO L>GE ?AT ! =M] WILL F9D IT EXP$I5T TO DISB& ON MAK+ SOME T]MS = CONSID]ATION ?AT WILL GIVE ! AU?OR A REASONABLE RETURN = HIS LABOR1 NOT AT ALL A RECOGNIZ$ RI<T TO MAKE ALL HE CAN BY ! MEANS ( A SOCIAL PROHIBITION8 ,HIS [N 9DIVIDUAL PROHIBITION W\LD MO/LY BE IMPOT5T4 

,TO /EAL IS TO TAKE BY /EAL?1--)\T ! KN[L$GE & CONS5T ( ! [N]4 ,AS LONG AS ,SP5C] HAS AN IDEA 9 HIS BRA91 IT IS HIS1 & IT IS NOT M9E UNTIL IT IS 9 MY BRA94 ,I DO NOT GET IT BY /EAL? IF HE PUBLI%ES IT4 ,I %ALL !N PR9T HIS IDEA 9 HIS [N WORDS2 MAKE AN EXACT COPY ( HIS BOOK1 ) HIS NAME ON ! TITLE-PAGE1 IF IT SUITS ME BE/ TO DO SO4 

,IF ! PR9T] MAY NOT COPY NEW BOOKS1 ( C\RSE ! %OEMAK] MAY NOT COPY NEW %OES4 ,BUT ?AT W\LD BE ! D5IAL ( LIB]TY4 ,! EQUALITY W\LD BE 9 ! D5IAL & FRU/RATION ( LIB]TY1 NOT 9 ! LIB]TY4 ,!RE IS ALSO D5IAL ( PROP]TY :]E !RE IS D5IAL ( LIB]TY4 ,! NEW %OE OR ! NEW BOOK HAS SUP]S$$ ! OLD ONES1 & ! %OEMAK] OR PR9T] ) MAT]IALS & TOOLS 9 H& MU/ COPY :AT IS 9 DEM& OR />VE4 ,IF HE BE NOT P]MITT$ TO USE HIS TOOLS & HIS MAT]IAL 9 FA%ION+ ANY GOODS ?AT HE KN[S H[ TO FA%ION1 & *OOSES TO FA%ION1 HIS LIB]TY & HIS PROP]TY >E FRU/RAT$ AT ONE /ROKE4 ,! OLD =MS >E NO LONG] M>KETABLE4 ,! *OICE IS BETWE5 !SE TWO3 MAK+ HIM ! SLAVE ( ! MAN ( NEW IDEAS OR LEAV+ HIM A FREE MAN4 ,IF ! MAN ( NEW IDEAS KEPT HIS NEW IDEAS TO HIMSELF1 ! %OEMAK] OR PR9T] W\LD AT LEA/ HAVE WORK1 = ! PUBLIC W\LD BE CONT5T ) FRE% SUPPLIES ( :AT IT HAD BE=E4 

,ASK = SOME AGREEM5T OR >RANGEM5T :I* WILL SECURE A REW>D TO ! 9V5TOR OR AU?OR1 BUT DO NOT ASK = RECOGNITION ( EXCLUSIVE PROP]TY 9 IDEAS :5 !Y HAVE BE5 MADE COMMON1 = ?AT IS FALSEHOOD1 CONTRADICTION 9 T]MS4 ,ASK = REW>D 9 ANY =M RA!R ?AN BY ! /ALE1 EXECRABLE DEVICE ( PREV5T+ PRODUCTION1--A ME?OD RADICALLY CONTR>Y TO LIB]TY4 

,LIB]TY = ! PR9T] & ! %OEMAK] PUTS !M 9 ! SAME BOAT1 ?\< !RE IS ! DIFF]5CE ?AT A COPY+ ( ,H]B]T ,SP5C]'S WORKS OR ANY O!R BOOKS1 FROM TITLE-PAGE TO F9IS1 MEANS A FLAT D5IAL ( PROP]TY 9 RE/RICTIVE PRIVILEGE1 :]EAS ! %OE MAY BE 9V5T$ BY ANO!R1 NO ONE KN[S H[ SOON4 ,! >GUM5T ( ,MR4 ,TUCK] IS A SETTL]3 ?AT ONE :O HAS SE5 AN 9V5TION IS DEB>R$ 9 ?AT RESPECT FROM BECOM+ AN 9V5TOR4 ,IT MAY BE SE5 ALSO ?AT ! AU?OR BY WRIT+ A C]TA9 BOOK HAS PROBABLY CUT SOME ONE ELSE \T FROM WRIT+ A DIFF]5T BOOK ) SUCCESSFUL RESULTS4 

,?IS LEADS TO ANO!R CONSID]ATION4 ,IF ! AU?OR IS 5TITL$ TO PROP]TY 9 HIS SO-CALL$ WORK1--! IMMAT]IAL BOOK1--A PROJECTION & EXPLOITATION1 NOT REALLY PROP] TO HIM BUT A P[] ( SOCIETY1--!N HE MAY BE HELD RESPONSIBLE = ALL DAMAGE DONE BY HIS PROP]TY RUNN+ AT L>GE4 ,! LIB]TY ( ! PRESS WILL BE A S]I\S ?+ = AU?ORS :5 !Y >E HELD RESPONSIBLE = ! ACTION ( !IR ALLEG$ PROP]TY1--!IR OX5 ?AT GORE1 & /EAM-5G9ES ?AT EXPLODE1 & POISONS ?AT DE/ROY4 ,%ALL WE HAVE EV5 MORE GOV]NM5T8 

,9 MY SECOND >TICLE ,I ACCOMMODAT$ MYSELF = ! MOM5T TO ,MR4 ,Y>ROS'S T]M9OLOGY AS TO ! MORE G5]AL IDEAS 7CONTRA1 PLAGI>ISM7 & LIT]>Y =M1 RESPECTIVELY2 BUT ,I MU/ SAY ?AT BO? :AT TO EXPRESS & H[ TO EXPRESS IT >E C]TA9LY IDEAS4 ,! WORDS AS MAT]IAL SIGNS1 9K ON PAP]1 >E ALL !REAB\T ?AT IS NOT IDEAL4 ,:5 WE SPEAK ( LABOR ( PRODUCTION 9 ?IS MATT] ( IDEAL =M1 WE SPEAK ( LABOR :I* IS PREC$5T TO OBTA9+ ! =M4 ,!RE MAY BE MU* LABOR 9 OBTA9+ SOME IDEAS :I*1 :5 OBTA9$1 PRES5T NO DIFFICULTY 9 V>I\SLY EXPRESS+ !M1 A NUMB] ( FACTS1 = 9/ANCE1 :I* MAY BE /AT$ 9 FIGURES1 WORDS1 OR ,ROMAN NUM]ALS2 & !RE MAY BE LITTLE LABOR EXP5D$ 9 ! MANN] ( EXPRESS+ AN IDEA EV5 :5 IT APPE>S ?AT LONG & H>D LABOR W\LD BE REQUISITE = ANO!R P]SON TO EXPRESS IT 9 ?AT MANN]4 ,9 POETRY1 = EXAMPLE1 (T5 !RE IS SC>CELY ! <O/ ( AN IDEA O!R ?AN ?AT ( ! >RANGEM5T ( ! WORDS1 & WE KN[ NOT :E!R ! >RANGEM5T HAS CO/ A DAY'S LABOR MORE ?AN COPY+ W\LD HAVE CO/4 ,:5 WE SPEAK ( ! MANN] ( EXPRESS+ AN IDEA1 WE DECEIVE \RSELVES IF WE =GET ?AT MANN] IS IDEAL4 ,IT IS CONV5I5T TO SPEAK ( TOOLS & MAT]IAL1 BUT ?IS DOES NOT ALT] ! FACT ?AT ! ADZE & ! TR[EL >E !MSELVES MAT]IAL4 ,MANN] 9 ! IDEAL IS ! TOOL ) :I* IDEAS ( FACT >E >RANG$ OR %AP$4 ,?\< ?US DI/+UI%$1 IT IS TO BE ID5TIFI$ ULTIMATELY 9 IDEAL BASIS ) IDEAL MAT]IAL1 AS ! MAT]IAL TOOL IS TO BE ID5TIFI$ 9 BASIS ) ! MAT]IAL MAT]IAL4 ,9 %ORT1 IT IS AS ILLOGICAL TO CONTRA/ LIT]>Y EXPRESSION ) IDEAS AS TO CONTRA/ GRAPES ) FRUIT4 ,BUT ! LABOR8 ,WELL1 ! LABOR ( >RANG+ A B\QUET ( WILD FL[]S MAY BE MORE APP>5T3 IT IS NOT MORE ACTUAL ?AN ! LABOR ( DISCOV]+ ! FL[]S TO BE >RANG$4 

,I CANNOT ADMIT ?AT LABOR ( PRODUCTION IS BETT] ATTE/$ 9 A COLLOCATION ( WORDS ?AN 9 A ME*ANICAL 9V5TION4 ,! DEMON/RABLE LABOR 9 WRIT+ IS ?AT :I* ! COPYI/ W\LD HAVE TO DUPLICATE4 ,! LABOR 9 MAK+ A MODEL MAY BE LESS ?AN 9 WRIT+ A VOLUME1 BUT 9 NEI!R CASE DO WE SEE ALL ! =MS ?AT HAVE BE5 CON/RUCT$ OR KN[ ( ALL ! M5TAL EF=TS ?AT HAVE BE5 MADE4 

,WE MEET PEOPLE :O >E SURE !Y KN[ :AT TO SAY1 BUT NOT H[ TO EXPRESS IT4 ,EXPRESSION IS T]RIBLY H>D WORK = !M4 ,SU* PEOPLE EI!R DECEIVE !MSELVES1 OR !Y >E TRY+ TO DECEIVE O!RS AS TO !IR KN[L$GE1 OR !Y REALLY WANT TO APPROPRIATE FROM SOME O!R P]SON ! FULL EXPRESSION ( ! IDEAS :I* !Y HAVE P>TLY APPROPRIAT$1 BUT TO DO IT 9 SOME SLI<T DISGUISE1 & TO BE PAID = IT1 NOT AS COPYI/S1 BUT AS AU?ORS1 BE !IR AIM EV5 ONLY SOCIAL E/IMATION4 

,LABOR 9DISP5SABLY PR]EQUISITE TO PRODUCTION IS LABOR )\T :I* ! PRODUCT W\LD NOT HAVE COME 9TO BE+4 ,IT MAY BE LABOR 9 GA!R+ IDEAS ( FACT OR LABOR ( >RANG+ IDEAS ( RELATION1--LIT]>Y EXPRESSION = ONE K9D4 ,9 EI!R CASE IT IS LABOR ( PRODUCTION ( ! FIR/ PRODUCT4 ,)\T DISCOV]Y1 NO PRODUCT2 (T51 )\T LABOR1 NO DISCOV]Y4 

,:AT IS ! RI<T TO USE & ABUSE8 ,IT IS 9TELLIGIBLE AS ! DEF9ITION ( P]SONAL MAT]IAL POSSESSIONS & ( IDEAS AS POSSESS$ 9 ! 9DIVIDUAL CONSCI\SNESS4 ,?US ! [N] ( TYPES MAY EMPLOY !M 9 ANY WAY 7USE OR ABUSE74 ,BUT :AT BECOMES ( ! RI<T TO ABUSE IF ONE MAY NOT ABUSE 9 EV]Y WAY8 ,MY IDEA ( ! RI<T TO ABUSE IS NOT ?AT WE APPROVE ABUSE1 BUT ?AT WE RECOGNIZE POSSESSION & 9DIVIDUAL IMMUNITY FROM 9T]F]5CE 9 ! H&L+4 ,LIB]EY,LIB]TY TO DO ALL ACTS CONSI/5T ) ! EQUAL LIB]TY ( O!RS IMPLIES ?AT EA* MAY POSSESS MAT]IALS & EMPLOY !M AS HE SEES FIT1 %ORT ( 9JUR+ ANO!R 9 HIS LIFE1 LIB]TY1 OR PROP]TY 7POSSESSIONS74 ,H[ CAN ,I LESS5 OR 9JURE HIM 9 HIS IDEA1 G5]AL OR P>TICUL>1 OR SAY HIS =M ( EXPRESSION1 BY REPEAT+ IT8 ,I CAN 9JURE HIS PROJECT ( EXPLOITATION BY REASON+ AGA9/ IT4 ,H5CE1 IF PROTECTION TO LIT]>Y PROP]TY BE NE$$1 IT MAY BE NECESS>Y TO DISFAVOR MY LIB]TY ( DISCUSSION4 

,AFT] LIT]>Y PROP]TY & ! COPYRI<T PROTECTIVE SY/EM COME P]SONAL REPUTATION & ! LAW ( LIBEL4 ,I AM BUT A LIMIT$ [N] ( P5 & PAP] IF ,I MAY NOT ATTACK REPUTATIONS4 ,I ?R[ ?IS \T BY WAY ( SUGGE/ION = O!RS TO REFLECT UPON4 ,MY [N VIEW ( EQUAL LIB]TY & PROP]TY ADMITS ( NO BREAKD[N OR EXCEPTION 9 ! G5]AL PR9CIPLE4 ,I HOLD TO TANGIBLE POSSESSIONS & P]SONAL IMMUNITY 9 :AT ,I DEEM USE ( TONGUE1 P51 & ALL 9DU/RIAL APPLIANCES4 ,[N]%IP ( ! PRESS MEANS MORE ?AN ! SO-CALL$ LIB]TY ( ! PRESS :I* IS ! RI<T TO USE4 ,IT MEANS ! EX]CISE :I* ALL O!RS MAY CALL ABUSE2 & IT IS = [N]%IP ?AT ,I CONT5D1 :I* EXCLUDES ALL CLAIMS TO TRIBUTE OR 9VOLUNT>Y P>TN]%IP1 & LOGICALLY REQUIRES ME TO VIEW [N]%IP /RICTLY AS P]SONAL POSSESSION4 ,A CONV5I5T TE/ IS ?IS3 ,NO [N]%IP EXCEPT 9 ?AT :I* IS EMBODI$ 9 TANGIBLE =M1 H5CE SUBJECT TO WE> & DECAY1 = ?IS IS ! G5]AL M>K ( PRODUCTS AS DI/9CT FROM ?AT SO-CALL$ PRODUCTION :I* CAN BE IMP>T$ TO O!RS & BECOME COMMON PROP]TY )\T ! ORIG9AL [N] HAV+ LESS ?AN BE=E1--! IDEAL1 H5CE SIMPLY DISCOV]Y4 

,I MU/ CRITICIZE AN ATTEMPT TO EMPLOY ! WORD MONOPOLY TO DESIGNATE P]SONAL POSSESSION4 ,! WORD MONOPOLY IS PROP]LY US$ TO DESIGNATE AN EXCLUSIVE PRIVILEGE ( M>KET1 & H[ C\LD ?IS BE MORE GL>+LY EXEMPLIFI$ ?AN IT IS :5 ONE HAS AN IMMAT]IAL SO-CALL$ PROP]TY1 SO ?AT HE SELLS NO?+ BUT A P]MIT & DOES NOT R$UCE ! QUANTITY ( :AT HE HAS TO SELL :5 HE MAKES A SALE8 ,BY MAK+ USE ( ! WORD MONOPOLY AS A =C$ SYNONYM = ?AT TRUE PROP]TY :I* IS P]SONAL POSSESSION1 A SORT ( COLOR IS GIV5 TO ! NOTION ?AT MONOPOLY MI<T BE EQUITABLE PROP]TY4 

,:AT APPE>S ( ! FABUL\S POSSIBILITIES ( WEAL? SUGGE/$ 9 SELL+ P]MITS TO SUCCESSIVE G5]ATIONS WILL /AMP IDEAL PRODUCTION AS DISCOV]Y BEYOND D\BT1 & ?US AS BE+ \TSIDE ! SPH]E ( 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTION ) ITS LABOR EQUIVAL5TS ( P]I%ABLE & CONSUMABLE PRODUCTS4 ,! IMP]I%ABLE & 9CONSUMABLE W]E NEV] PRODUC$ 9 ! S5SE ( EQUITABLE COMM]CE4 

,MR4 ,Y>ROS'S H9T AS TO 9TRODUC+ A DIFF]5T K9D ( COPYRI<T 9DUCES ME TO REM>K ?AT1 :ILE ?IS USE ( LANGUAGE IS COMMON1 IT IS NOT P5ETRAT+4 ,! DIFF]5CES N[ EXI/+ RELATE TO TIME & EXT5T ( T]RITORY1 H5CE >E ONLY BY A LOOSE USE ( LANGUAGE CALL$ DIFF]5T K9DS1--MEAN+ COPYRI<T V>I\SLY CONDITION$4 ,N[1 IF ,MR4 ,Y>ROS W]E TO 9TRODUCE VOLUNT>Y ASSOCIATIVE ME?ODS 9 PROCUR+ CONS5T TO COPYRI<T1 ?AT W\LD BE A DIFF]5CE AS TO MODE ( EXECUTION RA!R ?AN AS TO ! RI<T CLAIM$4 

,I,V4 

,!SE *>GES OR IMPUTATIONS BR\<T AGA9/ ME BY ,MR4 ,Y>ROS ,I REPEL1--VIZ41 ?AT ,I AM UNWILL+ TO TAKE ! PR9CIPLE ( EQUAL LIB]TY AS ! TE/ ( ECONOMIC RI<T2 ?AT ,I SEEK TO DECIDE A PRIORI :AT IS PROP]TY2 ?AT ,I DISCRIM9ATE AGA9/ PRODUCE ( ! BRA9 9 FAVOR ( PRODUCE ( ! H&2 ?AT ,I MAKE >BITR>Y DI/9CTIONS BETWE5 MAT]IAL PROP]TY & IMMAT]IAL PROP]TY4 ,I LEAVE ! *>GE ( UNSCI5TIFIC ME?OD = O!RS TO JUDGE (2 ,I BEGAN BY SCRUT9IZ+ T]MS1 BUT H]E ,I WILL ONLY REF] BACK TO =M] >TICLES ( ?IS S]IES = OBS]VATIONS ON ! FALSITY ( ! WORD COPYRI<T1 & ! DANG] ( ]ROR 9 ACCEPT+ AN EQUAL D5IAL ( LIB]TY AS EQUAL LIB]TY4 

,AS REG>DS A FRANK DECL>ATION ( PURPOSE1 IT WAS NOT (F]$ AS A SUB/ITUTE = >GUM5T1 BUT AS AN AMICABLE CONTRIBUTION T[>D A BASIS ( MUTUAL UND]/&+4 

,ECONOMIC SCI5CE IS BAS$ UPON WANTS & !IR SATISFACTION4 ,! NECESSITY = OBJECTS ( CONSUMPTION & ! FACTS ( !IR P]I%ABLE NATURE & LIMIT$ SUPPLY >E ( *IEF SIGNIFICANCE4 ,H5CE >ISE LABOR & PROP]TY 9 ! ECONOMIC S5SE4 

,?IS PROP]TY1 :ATEV] ELSE IT BE1 IS ALI5ABLE4 ,! GIV] OR SELL] P>TS ) IT 9 CONVEY+ IT4 ,?IS *>ACT]I/IC DI/+UI%ES PROP]TY FROM SKILL & 9=MATION4 ,BREAD IS PROP]TY4 ,?OSE :O HOLD ?AT ! >T ( BAK+ IS PROP]TY HOLD ?AT IT IS ALI5ABLE1 BUT-- 

,MONOPOLY CONSI/S 9 ! ATTEMPT TO MAKE PROP]TY ( LIB]TIES1 DISCOV]IES1 SCI5CES1 & >TS BY A PRET5D$ OR =C$ ALI5ATION4 ,?IS MAY BE NO >GUM5T4 ,IF SO1 ,I PREF] TO MAKE NONE4 ,PROP]TY 5DS :]E MONOPOLY BEG9S4 

,LIT]>Y PROP]TY HAS ITS SPECIAL DEF9ITION 9 ! DICTION>Y4 ,IT W\LD READILY BE SE5 TO BE A FALSE T]M W]E !RE NOT A MASS ( G5]ALLY RECEIV$ CLAIMS ( PROP]TY BAS$ ON M]E PR(ESS$ ALI5ATION4 ,AN AU?OR MAY SIGN AN AGREEM5T TO P>T ) HIS ?\<TS & NOT TO REPRODUCE !M1 BUT ?AT IS M]ELY A B>GA9 9 RE/RA9T ( HIS [N LIB]TY4 ,IF LIB]TY BE 9ALI5ABLE1 ! AU?OR1 HAV+ HAD ! ADMITT$ .<#d.> LIB]TY TO COPY HIS [N WORK1 CANNOT DIVE/ HIMSELF ( IT4 ,H5CE ! PUR*AS] ( SU* ALLEG$ PROP]TY CAN HAVE NO SECURITY :]E LIB]TY IS NOT 9VAD$4 

,! ALLEG$ EXCLUSIVE RI<T ( ! AU?OR TO REPRODUCE HIS WORKS DIFF]S RADICALLY FROM ONE'S RI<T TO BE UNH9D]$ 9 HIS LABOR4 ,:5 ANO!R 9VADES MY WORK%OP OR G>D5 TO WORK !RE1 HE PREV5TS ME FROM WORK+4 ,IT IS NOT SO :5 ANO!R 9 ANO!R PLACE DOES WORK SIMIL> TO M9E4 

,ANO!R NOTABLE PO9T IS ?AT ! ACT ( COPY+ IS A DIFF]5T ACT FROM ?AT ( COMPOS+ A LIT]>Y WORK4 ,H[1 !N1 CAN IT BE SUGGE/$ ?AT ONE :O COPIES 9T]F]ES ) ! LIB]TY ( ONE :O WRITES8 ,MORE3 ! ACT ( COMPOS+ ?IS >TICLE IS AN EX]CISE ( LIB]TY COMPLET$ :5 IT MEETS ! READ]'S EYE4 ,I CANNOT COMPREH5D1 EI!R1 H[ ANYONE ( ORD9>ILY CLE> UND]/&+ C\LD AFFIRM ?AT MY LIB]TY TO WRITE O!R >TICLES IS 9VAD$ BY ANY ONE'S COPY+ ?IS >TICLE4 

,PR(IT IS GA9 BY MONOPOLY4 ,:AT ,SP5C] SEEKS FROM COPYRI<T IS GA92 & HE WI%ES TO BE PROTECT$ AGA9/ O!RS DO+ ! SAME ACTS AS HIMSELF & HIS ASSIGNS4 ,BUT EQUAL LIB]TY P]MITS HIM TO DO M]ELY SU* ACTS AS HE CAN DO )\T 9T]F]+ ) ! EQUAL LIB]TY ( O!RS4 ,S9CE ,SP5C] REMA9S AT LIB]TY TO COPY1 WE DO NOT 9VADE HIS LIB]TY BY COPY+4 ,HE1 H[EV]1 WI%ES TO BE ! SOLE COPYI/ OR TO SELL ! PRIVILEGE AS REG>DS HIS COMPOSITIONS4 ,BUT ?US HE W\LD M+LE A C]TA9 AM\NT ( LABOR ) NATURAL ELEM5TS :I* HE DID NOT CREATE1 & ?AT UNIV]SALLY4 ,HE W\LD EX]CISE [N]%IP & RECEIVE PAY :]E HE KN[S NOT4 ,LIKE ONE :O DISCOV]S & FIR/ CULTIVATES A NEW V>IETY ( :EAT & LAYS CLAIM TO A %>E ( ! 9CREASE ( ALL FIELDS :]E IT IS S[N1 HE IS A MONOPOLI/4 

,I GRANT ?AT IT IS ALL[ABLE = ,MR4 ,Y>ROS & O!RS TO VOLUNT>ILY SUBMIT TO SU* ROYALTIES1 BUT SUPPOSE ?AT ONE :O HAS B\<T A BU%EL ( ! NEW :EAT1 GR[N MORE1 & SO F> PAID ! DEM& ( ! DISCOV]] FROM HIS CROP1 SELLS ! RE/4 ,! BURD5 ( PRO( 9 ! QUE/ION ( E?ICS IS1 ,I ?9K1 DECID$LY ON ! O!R SIDE1 ON A CLAIM ?AT ROYALTY ATTA*ES TO ! CULTURE BY ANY H&S & 9TELLIG5CE4 

,I TAKE IT ?AT ! NORMAL USE ( SPEE* IS TO COMMUNICATE ONE'S ?\<TS1 & ?AT IT IS A MOD]N & V]Y QUE/IONABLE NOTION ?AT ONE'S LIB]TY 9 MATT]S ( SPEE* & WRIT+ IS *IEFLY TO BE PRIZ$ = ! SAKE ( EXACT+ MONEY FROM O!RS4 

,:ILE ,I PREF] ! DIRECT EXAM9ATION :E!R LIB]TY IS 9VAD$ BY COPY+1 ( C\RSE IF SUFFICI5T C>E IS TAK5 9 MAK+ ! MORE R\NDAB\T D$UCTION VIA PROP]TY ! COROLL>Y ( LIB]TY1 IT MU/ RESULT ! SAME4 ,I NOTE ?AT ,SP5C] DOES NOT LEAVE HIS IDEAL EXT5SION 9 ! IDEAL4 ,IT IS MAT]IAL TRIBUTE HE REQUIRES4 ,AS !RE >E TWO C\RSES OP5 TO ! AU?OR :5 ,I COPY1 LET US GLANCE AT !M4 ,HE MAY UND]TAKE TO /OP ME4 ,IF SO1 HE WILL PLEASE %[ ?AT HE DOES NOT 9T]F]E ) MY EQUAL LIB]TY4 ,BUT IF HE HAS =CE TO /OP ME1 ,I FE> ?AT HE WILL NOT FEEL B\ND TO GIVE ME HIS REASON4 ,9 ! ALT]NATIVE CASE1 HE MAY SIMPLY PROTE/4 ,( C\RSE A PROTE/ DOES NOT 9T]F]E ) MY LIB]TY4 

,IF ONE CAN SELL HIS LIB]TY TO COPY HIS WRIT+S1 CAN HE NOT SELL HIS LIB]TY TO BUILD A SECOND H\SE AFT] ! PATT]N ( ! FIR/8 ,CAN HE NOT SELL HIS LIB]TY TO FOLL[ A TRADE8 ,CAN HE NOT B>GA9 = A CONJUGAL PRIVILEGE ?AT HE WILL NOT HAVE O!R CONJUGAL RELATIONS8 ,& IF ONE ( !SE TRANSACTIONS RECEIVES ! SOCIAL SANCTION1 :Y NOT ! O!RS8 

,IF1 H[EV]1 ,I HAVE AN 9ALI5ABLE RI<T TO REBUILD ACCORD+ TO MY [N PLANS HAVE ,I NOT A RI<T TO 5GAGE O!RS TO HELP ME8 ,& HAVE NOT O!RS A RI<T TO DO = !MSELVES ON !IR [N L& :AT !Y HAVE A RI<T TO DO = ME = HIRE ON MY L&8 ,LET ! ANSW]S BE GIV5 BY REF]5CE DIRECTLY TO LIB]TY1--TO ! MAXIMUM ( EQUAL LIB]TY1 MAY ,I SAY8 ,IF1 !N1 ! 9QUIRY VIA ! COROLL>Y SEEMS TO SOME P]SONS TO %[ AN 9FR+EM5T UPON A GA9 :I* HAS AN APPE>ANCE ( BE+ A PROPRIET>Y RESULT1 IT WILL BE WELL = !M TO EXAM9E ALL ! FACTORS1 TO DISCOV] :]E !RE HAS BE5 A FALSE PR9CIPLE ADMITT$4 ,9 !SE >TICLES ,I HAVE ANTICIPAT$ ?IS POSITION4 ,P]HAPS ,I NE$ ONLY ADD N[ ?AT IT IS NOT 9CUMB5T UPON SOCIETY TO GU>ANTEE ! 9DIVIDUAL A C]TA9 GA9 = HIS LABOR4 ,EQUAL LIB]TY BE+ ADMITT$1 HE MU/ BE CONT5T ) :ATEV] GA9 FOLL[S4 

,IF !RE BE ANY ROOM = CON/RUCTION AS TO :AT EQUAL LIB]TY MEANS1 IT MU/ BE CON/RU$1 ,I ?9K1 9 ! 9T]E/ ( LIB]TY4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#d1 #bba 3 ,! ,QUE/ION ( ,COPYRI<T -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,! ,QUE/ION ( ,COPYRI<T -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/