,! ,P]MAN5CE ( ,SOCIETY ,AFT] ! ,REVOLUTION 

#ahi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 

,$ITOR 3 ,*>LOTTE ,WILSON 

,TAGS 3 /ATE ( AN>*Y1 AGGRESSIVE TRIBES1 LIB]TY1 /ATE1 REVOLUTION1 FRE$OM1 PEOPLE1 9DIVIDUAL1 SY/EM1 OLD4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY S]GUEI.-#c1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C-,N,D ,LIC5SE ,! QUE/ION FREQU5TLY >ISES 9 DISCUSSIONS3 0,BUT IF Y\ GOT AN AN>*I/ /ATE ( SOCIETY TO-MORR[1 H[ W\LD Y\ MA9TA9 IT8 & EV5 IF IT DID CONT9UE = A C]TA9 TIME1 W\LD NOT1 AFT]W>DS1 :5 ! FIR/ =CE ( REVOLUTION>Y S5TIM5T & VIGILANCE HAD SP5T ITSELF1 ! OLD ABUSES GRADUALLY & 9SIDI\SLY COME TO REE/ABLI% !MSELVES1 AS !Y CAME TO BE E/ABLI%$ 9 ! FIR/ 9/ANCE80 ,! QUE/ION IS WOR? ANSW]+1 ESPECIALLY ! LATT] PORTION ( IT4 

,! ONLY WAY 9 :I* A /ATE ( ,AN>*Y CAN BE OBTA9$ IS = EA* MAN :O IS OPPRESS$ TO ACT AS IF HE W]E AT LIB]TY1 9 DEFIANCE ( ALL AU?ORITY TO ! CONTR>Y1 & EVAD+ OR OV]COM+ BY =CE BY :I* HE IS OPPOS$ OR PURSU$4 ,! LIB]TY ( EA* IS CREAT$ BY HIS TAK+ IT4 ,WE >E COMM&$ TO BE B\ND TO A C]TA9 C\RSE2 WE >E =BIDD5 TO DO C]TA9 ?+S2 BUT WE CAN EA* TAKE ! LIB]TY ( PLEAS+ \RSELVES1 & ( HELP+ O!RS TO PLEASE !MSELVES 9 ACCORDANCE ) \R IDEAS ( :AT IS PROP]4 ,WE %ALL !REUPON BE MET BY =CE1 & \R OPPON5TS WILL SEEK TO DEPRIVE US ( \R PHYSICAL LIB]TY BY :I* WE HAVE REBELL$2 BUT WE CAN TAKE ! LIB]TY ( PITT+ \R [N =CE AGA9/ !IRS4 ,! ,REVOLUTION IS A QUE/ION ( IDEAS TO BE ACT$ UPON1 & ( =CE TO 5ABLE US TO ACT UPON !M4 ,GIV5 ! WILL--! IDEAS-& GIV5 ALSO ! PHYSICAL SUPREMACY1 & ! ,REVOLUTION IS AN ACCOMPLI%$ FACT1 :E!R 9 A S+LE H\SEHOLD OR WORK%OP1 OR ALL OV] ! WORLD4 ,9 PRACTICAL FACT1 T]RITORIAL EXT5SION IS NECESS>Y TO 5SURE P]MAN5CY TO ANY GIV5 9DIVIDUAL REVOLUTION4 ,9 SPEAK+ ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 WE SIGNIFY ! AGGREGATE ( SO MANY SUCCESSFUL 9DIVIDUAL & GR\P REVOLTS AS WILL 5ABLE EV]Y P]SON )9 ! REVOLUTIONIZ$ T]RITORY TO ACT 9 P]FECT FRE$OM1 IF HE *OOSES1 )\T HAV+ TO CON/ANTLY DREAD ! PREV5TION OR ! V5GEANCE ( AN OPPOS+ P[] UPHOLD+ ! =M] SY/EM4 ,\R ,REVOLUTION DIFF]S FROM ANY PRECOGNIS$ BY ! POLITICAL P>TIES 9 ?AT IT IS NOT A RESULT (FICIALLY DECL>$ AFT] ! QUELL+ ( ! TROOPS (FICIALLY OPPOS+1 BUT A FACT CONSI/+ ( ! AGGREGATE ( 9DIVIDUAL VICTORIES OV] ! RESI/ANCE ( EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL :O HAS /OOD 9 ! WAY ( ,LIB]TY4 ,UND] !SE CIRCUM/ANCES IT IS OBVI\S ?AT ANY VISIBLE REPRISAL C\LD & W\LD BE MET BY A RESUMPTION ( ! SAME REVOLUTION>Y ACTION ON ! P>T ( ! 9DIVIDUALS OR GR\PS AFFECT$1 & ! MA9T5ANCE ( A /ATE ( ,AN>*Y 9 ?IS MANN] W\LD BE F> EASI] ?AN ! GA9+ ( A /ATE ( ,AN>*Y BY ! SAME ME?ODS & 9 ! FACE ( HI!RTO UN%AK5 ORGANIZ$ OPPOSITION4  

,WE >E !RE=E ONLY CALL$ UPON TO DISCUSS 9 DETAIL ?AT P>T ( ! SUBJECT :I* DEALS ) ! GRADUAL & TEMPOR>ILY IMP]CEPTIBLE REG5]ATION ( ! OLD EVILS4  

,AS A PRELIM9>Y REPLY1 LET US SAY ?AT !SE EVILS MU/ EV5TUALLY BECOME P]CEPTIBLE TO ?OSE AFFECT$ BY !M1 :O CANNOT FAIL TO BECOME AW>E ?AT 9 SU* OR SU* A QU>T] !Y >E EXCLUD$ FROM ! LIB]TY !Y 5JOY ELSE:]E1 ?AT SU* OR SU* A P]SON IS DRAW+ FROM SOCIETY ALL ?AT BE CAN1 & MONOPOLIZ+ FROM O!RS AS MU* AS POSSIBLE4 ,!Y HAVE IT 9 !IR P[] TO APPLY A PROMPT *ECK BY BOYCOTT+ SU* A P]SON & REFUS+ TO HELP HIM ) !IR LABOR OR TO WILL+LY SUPPLY HIM ) ANY >TICLES 9 !IR POSSESSION4 ,!Y HAVE IT 9 !IR P[] TO EX]T PRESSURE UPON HIM TO OBTA9 HIS S]VICES4 ,!Y HAVE IT 9 !IR P[] TO USE =CE AGA9/ HIM4 ,!Y HAVE !SE P[]S 9DIVIDUALLY AS WELL AS COLLECTIVELY4 ,BE+ EI!R PA/ REBELS :O HAVE BE5 9SPIR$ ) ! SPIRIT ( LIB]TY1 OR ELSE HABITUAT$ TO 5JOY FRE$OM FROM !IR 9FANCY1 !Y >E H>DLY LIKELY TO RE/ PASSIVE 9 VIEW ( :AT !Y FEEL TO BE A WRONG4 ,! CASE W\LD RESOLVE ITSELF 9TO ONE SIMIL> TO ?AT ALREADY CONSID]$ CONC]N+ ! IMM$IATE MA9TA9+ ( ,AN>*Y4 ,& AT ! WOR/1 IT CAN H>DLY BE SUPPOS$ ?AT ! ABUSE W\LD GR[ TO BE A G5]AL SY/EM1 LIKE ?AT :I* EXI/S AT PRES5T1 )\T HAV+ ALREADY PROVOK$ A SEV]E /RUGGLE4 ,9 VIEW ( ! $UCATION ( ! PEOPLE1 ! FACILITIES = COMMUNICATION1 IT W\LD BE WOND]FUL IF MATT]S W5T HALF SO F>4 ,! E/ABLI%M5T ( ! EXI/+ SY/EM WAS DUE TO CAUSES :I* W\LD BE NO LONG] OP]ATIVE4  

,! PRIMITIVE COMMUNISM WAS VEIL$ 9 D5SE IGNORANCE1 & :IL/ ! DIRECT S\RCES ( SUPPLY W]E MORE NUM]\S 9 PROPORTION TO ! POPULATION ?AN N[1 !Y W]E ALSO NOT ONLY LESS PRODUCTIVE1 9 ! ABS5CE ( ! MEANS :I* LAT] SCI5CE HAS BR\<T =?1 BUT LESS EASILY TAK5 ADVANTAGE ( ?AN ?OSE ( ! PRES5T TIME4 ,! NATURAL CONDITION WAS COMMUNI/IC1 BUT IT OCCURR$ TO ! M9DS ( SOME1 EV5TUALLY1 TO REFUSE ! RECIPROCAL USE ( !IR RES\RCES TO O!RS 7EXCEPT 9 ! PRES5CE ( =CE1 :5 HOSPITALITY WAS SURR\ND$ ) C]EMONY71 :IL/ BY NO MEANS REL9QUI%+ !IR CLAIM TO 5T]TA9M5T AT ! H&S ( ! RE/1 & EV5 5=C+ ! SURR5D] TO !M ( ALL ?AT !Y DEM&$ )\T REF]5CE TO ! NE$S ( ?OSE UPON :OM !Y CLAIM$4 

,AS A MEASURE ( PROTECTION AGA9/ ?IS AGGRESSION1 TRIBAL PROP]TY WAS 9/ITUT$1 BE+ ! NATURAL REACTION1 & ?R\< ?AT CAME MILITANCY4 ,! MILIT>Y SY/EM DEVELOP$ ?AT ( *IEFTA9%IP1 & FROM *IEFTA9%IP SPRANG ON ! ONE H& ! ,/ATE1 & ON ! O!R PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,FROM !SE WAS DEVELOP$ ON ! ONE H& FEUDALISM1 & ON ! O!R PR(IT-MAK+2 !N 9 TURN W]E G5]AT$1 ON ! SIDE ( FEUDALISM L&LORDISM1 & ON ! SIDE ( PR(IT-MAK+ M]CANTILISM1 FOLL[$ BY 9DU/RIALISM1 & ALL !SE BECAME M]G$ & UNIFI$ 9 MOD]N D[NRI<T CAPITALISM4 ,! ,/ATE 9 ! MEAN:ILE MODIFI$ ITS *>ACT]1 & WAS SUCCESSIVELY AN 5G9E = /EAL+ WEAL? BY COMM&+ ! MILIT>Y1 BY L&-[N+ 7FEUDAL SUPREMACY71 BY COMM]CIAL SPECULATION1 BY 9DU/RIAL EXPLOITATION1 & MORE REC5TLY BY HUMBUGG+ ! MASSES ( ! PEOPLE4 ,IT HAS NEV] BE5 ANY?+ ELSE BUT A MA*9E = ROBB]Y1 EXCEPT A MA*9E =1 9 ADDITION1 >BITR>Y SUPPRESSION ( FREE ?\<T1 SPEE* & ACTION4 

,! OLD 9/9CT ( COMMUNISM HAD NOT BE5 SUFFICI5TLY ]ADICAT$ BY ! TRADITION ( PROP]TY = PEOPLE TO CONCEIVE ?AT !Y W]E DO+ ANY WRONG BY =CIBLY APPROPRIAT+ ! POSSESSIONS ( ANO!R TRIBE1 BUT IT WAS WEAK5$ 5\< TO PREV5T !M FROM HAV+ A DUE & NATURAL REG>D = O!R PEOPLE 9 ! AGGREGATE1 AL?\< 9DIVIDUAL /RANG]S W]E /ILL TREAT$ ) HOSPITALITY4 ,! OCCASION ( ?IS WAS ?AT ! FEW AGGRESSIVE TRIBES1 SECLUD$ FROM ! RE/1 C\LD PLOT & S5D \T !IR PR$ATORY B&S AT LEISURE TO ATTACK ! O!RS )\T BE+ EXPECT$1 &1 DEPRIV+ ! NON- AGGRESSIVE TRIBES V]Y (T5 ( ALL ! ACCUMULAT$ MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE1 W\LD =CE ! TO REG>D ) SUSPICION & JEAL\SY ?OSE :O W]E NOT ( !MSELVES2 & ?OSE W\LD HAVE ! BE/ OPPORTUNITY TO SURVIVE :O W]E SELFI% & BO>D$ AWAY :AT !Y C\LD SAVE FROM ! RU91 OR :AT !Y ACQUIR$ AFT]W>DS FROM !IR COMPANIONS 9 MIS=TUNE1 OR GU>D$ !IR HO>DS BY /RON<OLDS2 & ( ! RE/1 ?OSE :O ATTA*$ !MSELVES TO ! NEI<BORHOOD ( ! /RON<OLDS & ?US DRANK 9 SOME ( ! NATURE & TRADITIONS ( ! =TIFI]S 7= ?OSE :O W]E ! MO/ SELFI%1 JEAL\S1 & SUSPICI\S W]E NATURALLY ! FIR/ TO ]ECT !SE =TIFICATIONS71 HAD A BETT] *ANCE TO SURVIVE 9 ! AGGREGATE ?AN ?OSE :O DID NOT4 

,IT WAS EASY1 !RE=E1 TO P]SUADE ! PEOPLE TO JO9 ) ! PRIMITIVE ROBB]S = ! SAKE ( BOOTY2 TO-DAY1 H[ SMALL A P]C5TAGE C\LD BE TEMPT$ BY ! HOPE ( DIRECT VIOL5T PLUND]1 EV5 :]E !RE IS NO DREAD ( PUNI%M5T & LITTLE FE> ( BE+ SUCCESSFULLY OPPOS$--= 9/ANCE1 9 ,AFRICA1 :I* IS EV5 MORE ACCESSIBLE FROM ! O!R CONT95TS N[ ?AN A SPOT A FEW SCORE MILES AWAY WAS 9 ! DAYS ( \R PROG5ITORS6 ,= ONE ?+1 ! IDEA ( PLUND] IS N[ REPUGNANT TO ! PUBLIC M9D2 AGA91 ! DIFFICULTIES 9 ! WAY1 ?\< F> LESS ?AN :AT \R =EFA!RS HAD TO 5C\NT] 9 !IR ?IEV+ EXP$ITIONS1 >E REPELL5T1 BO? BECAUSE ( ! GREAT] EASE ) :I* ALL BUT ! MO/ OPPRESS$ CAN OBTA9 A B>E SUFFICI5CY = ! ORD9>Y NE$S ( LIFE1 & BY REASON ( A *ANGE 9 ! PHYSICAL CULTURE & CON/ITUTION ( ! PEOPLE G5]ALLY4 

,! CONDITIONS >E1 !RE=E1 SO DIFF]5T N[ ?AT IT IS PRACTICALLY IMPOSSIBLE TO RATIONALLY CONCEIVE ( A REPETITION ( ! DEVELOPM5TS :I* HAVE L$ TO ! EXI/+ CONDITION ( SOCIETY4 ,IF ANY EVILS DO SPR+ UP1 TO BECOME 9 TIME A TYRANNICAL SY/EM1 !IR NATURE MU/ BE :OLLY DI/9CT FROM ANY?+ ?AT WE CAN AT PRES5T CONCEIVE (4 ,! COMP>ATIVELY D5SE POPULATION ( ! E>?1 ALMO/ WORLD-WIDE COMMUNICATION AS A MATT] ( HABITUAL OCCURR5CE EV]Y:]E1 >E 9 !MSELVES APP>5TLY 9SUP]ABLE OB/ACLES TO ! PROCESS BY :I* PROP]TY & RULE CAME PREVI\SLY 9TO EXI/5CE4  

,FUR!RMORE1 WE HAVE IT = AN ACQUIR$ FACT ?AT ! 9SPIRATION ( ,LIB]TY CAUSES NOT ONLY1 LIKE EV]Y O!R COMMON CAUSE1 A DEVELOPM5T ( FRAT]NITY 5D SOLID>ITY AMONG ITS ADH]5TS1 BUT A MODIFICATION ( ! M5TAL 9CL9ATIONS1 SO ?AT EV]Y TRUE ,AN>*I/ FEELS IT AGA9/ HIS [N NATURE TO KN[+LY OPPRESS ANY O!R P]SON OR 9T]F]E ) ANYONE'S FRE$OM ( ACTION2 & IT IS1 G5]ALLY SPEAK+1 QUITE AS IMPOSSIBLE = HIM TO DO SO AS = A Y\NG MAN TO AVOID BE+ ATTRACT$ BY ! OPPOSITE SEX1 OR = A MO!R TO DELI<T 9 TORTUR+ H] *ILD4 ,WE HAVE EV]Y REASON TO BELIEVE ?AT ?IS IMPULSE1 AWAK5$ ) A GREAT] 9T5SITY ?AN ! CRUDELY SELFI% ONES M5TION$ AS HAV+ >IS5 9 ! C\RSE ( EVOLUTION1 WILL BE TRANSMITT$1 LIKE !M1 BY H]$ITY--QUITE AS READILY & TO A GREAT] EXT5T--&1 BE+ B5EFICIAL1 WILL BE MORE P]SI/5T ?AN !Y HAVE BE54 

,WE SEE NO REASON1 !RE=E1 TO SUSPECT ?AT EI!R ! OLD /ATE ( ?+S OR ANY O!R ?AT IS SIMIL>LY 9JURI\S WILL >ISE :5 ONCE ! 9/ITUTIONS ?AT N[ OPPRESS HUMANITY >E MADE A CLEAN SWEEP (1 BUT1 ON ! CONTR>Y WE SEE REASON TO BELIEVE ?AT ! ACCOMPLI%M5T ( ! ,REVOLUTION WILL M>K ! DAWN ( A NEW EPO* 9 HUMAN PROGRESS4 ,EV5 IF IT W]E NOT SO1 ! B5EFIT ( ?OSE :O SUCCE$ 9 GA9+ ! VICTORY = FRE$OM1 & ( SOME G5]ATIONS AFT] !M1 W\LD BE WOR? /RIV+ =4 ,WE CANNOT BY ORD9ANCE REGULATE ! CONDITION ( PO/]ITY2 \R DESC5DANTS MU/ SEE TO ?AT = !MSELVES4 ,BUT IF WE EA* DET]M9E TO \RSELVES BE FREE1 & W9 \R [N FRE$OM1 HI/ORY & SCI5CE H9T1 TO US ?AT WE NE$ 9 NO WISE LACK ! ADDITIONAL 9C5TIVE ?AT WE >E !REBY BUILD+ UP FRE$OM & WELF>E = ?OSE :O %ALL FOLL[ US4  

7,S\RCE3 ,FRE$OM3 ,A ,J\RNAL ( ,AN>*I/ ,SOCIALISM1 ,VOL4 #d -- ,NO4 #d#g1 ,OCTOB]1 #a#h#i47 

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