,! ,P>IS ,CONGRESS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,FRANK ,KITZ 

,TEXT 3 

,! FIR/ PROCE$+ AFT] ! V]IFICATION ( CR$5TIALS WAS ! CALL+ OV] ! LI/ ( DELEGATES1 MO/ ( :OM ANSW]$ ! ROLL 9 ,FR5*1 ,G]MAN1 & ,5GLI%4 ,! ONLY 9CID5T WOR?Y ( M5TION DUR+ ?IS T$I\S PROCESS WAS ! APPLAUSE ) :I* ! NAMES ( ,PET] ,LAVR(F 7,RUSSIA71 ,CIPRIANI 7,ITALY71 & ?AT ( ,DR4 ,ADL] ! ,AU/RIAN DELEGATE 7N[ S5T5C$ TO F\R MON?S' IMPRISONM5T1 TO BE UND]GONE UPON HIS RETURN71 & ! ,DANI% DELEGATION1 W]E GREET$4 ,!SE LA/ HAD BE5 S5T AT ! LA/ MOM5T1 ! ,DANI% ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATS HAV+ ALT]$ !IR PREVI\S 9T5TION NOT TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! ,CONGRESS4 ,SEV]AL FRE% ADHESIONS DUR+ ! SITT+S BR\<T UP ! TOTAL ( DELEGATES TO #d#g4 ,! ,5GLI% REPRES5TATION1 CONSI/+ ( #ba AT ! \TSET ( ! BUS9ESS1 WAS 9CREAS$ TO #bd BY ! >RIVAL ( ,J4 & ,R4 ,TURN] & ,F4 ,*>LES SUBSEQU5TLY4 ,! PROPORTIONS ( ! ,5GLI% DELEGATION FROM ! ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE W]E 3 ,C\NCIL ( TWO DELEGATES 2 & BRAN*ES N9E 9 ALL4 ,IT IS WOR?Y ( REM>K ?AT ,GREECE1 ,NORWAY1 ,BULG>IA1 ,ROMANIA1 ,F9L&1 ,PORTUGAL1 & ! ,CZE*S W]E REPRES5T$4 ,SCOTL& MAY PROP]LY BE SAID TO HAVE BE5 REPRES5T$ BY ,MESSRS4 ,KEIR ,H>DIE1 ,AYR%IRE ,M9]S 2 ,OGILVY1 ,SCOTTI% ,LABOR ,ASSOCIATION2 ,CUNN+HAME ,GRAHAM & ,HALLIDAY4 ,!SE1 9 CONJUNCTION ) \R COMRADE ,WESS ( ! ,B]N] ,/REET ,CLUB1 W]E ! O!R ELEM5TS 9 ! DELEGATION FROM ,BRITA94 

,! BE/ P>T ( TWO DAYS WAS WA/$ 9 A USELESS DISCUSSION PROMOT$ BY ! ,ITALIAN & ,FLEMI% DELEGATES 9 FAVOR ( A FUSION ) ! O!R ,CONGRESS1 :I* 5D$ AS DESCRIB$ 9 MY FELL[-DELEGATE'S 7,MORRIS'S7 REPORT4 ,! REPORTS ( V>I\S NATIONS & TRADES CONSUM$ ! TIME UNTIL ,SATURDAY MORN+1 :5 ! PROPOSALS 9 FAVOR ( 9T]NATIONAL LEGISLATION1 EI<T H\RS P] DAY1 REGULATION & 9SPECTION ( FACTORIES1 & O!R 0 /EPP+ /ONES 0 W]E BR\<T =W>D4 ,! ,LEAGUE DELEGATES HELD A SPECIAL MEET+ TO DISCUSS !IR ATTITUDE T[>DS !SE PROPOSALS1 & AS !RE WAS A DIV]SITY ( OP9ION AS TO ! C\RSE WE %\LD PURSUE1 IT WAS LEFT TO ! DISCRETION ( EA* DELEGATE TO VOTE AS HE PLEAS$4 

,! POSITION OCCUPI$ BY MYSELF1 & SOME O!RS ( ! DELEGATES1 9 REG>D TO ! QUE/ION ( SEEK+ ! AID ( ,P>LIAM5T = ! R$UCTION ( ! H\RS ( LABOR1 WAS ?AT IT %\LD BE A*IEV$ BY /RIKES1 COMB9ATION1 & BY CU/OM1 = ! REASONS GIV5 9 ,M]L9O'S AM5DM5T 3 --  
  

0,CONSID]+ ?AT IT IS DANG]\S TO FO/] AMONG ! MASSES ! GREAT SUP]/ITION ( ! C5TURY1 :I* CONSI/S 9 PRET5D+ TO SOLVE ! GREAT SOCIAL PROBLEMS BY ! BALLOT BOX & ,ACTS ( ,P>LIAM5T 2 ?AT IT IS ON ! CONTR>Y NECESS>Y TO UND]M9E & DE/ROY ! FETI%ES ( LEGISLATION & LEGISLATORS 2 & ?AT ! (F] ( LABOR LEGISLATION (FICIALLY MADE BY ! GOV]NM5TS HAS ONLY ONE AIM1 ?AT ( REHABILITAT+ 9 ! EYES ( ! MASSES ,P>LIAM5T>ISM1 N[ BECOM+ UTT]LY DISCR$IT$1 & TO PROLONG ITS AGONIZ+ LIFE40  
  

,! READ+ ( ! REPORTS OCCUPI$ SEV]AL H\RS1 DUR+ :I* IT WAS NECESS>Y TO SIT 9 A CRAMP$ POSITION & LI/5 TO !M 9 ,FR5* & ,G]MAN BE=E ! ,5GLI% TRANSLATION WAS REA*$4 ,?IS MADE IT A WE>ISOME TASK1 ! IRKSOM5ESS ( :I* WAS 9CREAS$ BY ! SEV]AL PRESID5TS & PROM95T MEMB]S ( ! BUREAU1 :O TOOK LITTLE OR NO TR\BLE TO SECURE ORD] = ! ,5GLI% TRANSLATIONS4 ,MANY VALUABLE PORTIONS ( ! REPORTS & NAMES ( ! SPEAK]S 9 SEV]AL CASES W]E 9AUDIBLE TO ME ON ?IS ACC\NT4 ,MRS4 ,AVEL+ LABOR$ H>D & CONSCI5TI\SLY AT A V]Y H>D TASK1 BUT HAD TO SOLICIT ! AID ( Y\R DELEGATES' LUNGS TO ASSI/ H] 9 OBTA9+ ANY?+ LIKE SIL5CE = H] EXPLANATIONS4 ,I MU/ SAY1 AS AGA9/ ! ,FR5* *>ACT] = C\RTESY1 ?AT ! LOCAL ,P>ISIAN DELEGATES W]E AS A GR\P ! MO/ DISC\RTE\S 9 ?IS P>TICUL>1 & W]E SEV]AL TIMES REBUK$ FROM ! PLAT=M = IT4 

,! PORTIONS ( REPORTS :I* ,I ?9K MO/ NOTEWOR?Y >E ?OSE ( ! ,P>ISIAN ,WAIT]S1 ,FR5* ,SEAM51 ,G]MAN ,WE/PHALIAN ,M9]S1 ,B]L9 ,WOM5 ,WORK]S1 ,SW$I%1 ,DANI%1 & ,AU/RIAN DELEGATES4 ,COMRADE ,CL>A ,ZETK91 ( ! ,B]L9 ,WOM5 ,WORK]S1 R\S$ ! ,CONGRESS TO 5?USIASM :5 %E SAID ?AT ! CAPITALI/ HAD DE/ROY$ WOM5'S PLACE AT HOME & =C$ H] 9TO ! M>KET AS A PRODUC]1 ONLY TO WID5 H] IDEAS & CREATE ANO!R 5EMY :O W\LD /RIVE ) 5]GY = ! OV]?R[ ( CAPITALI/ DOM9ATION4 ,%E SAID ?AT LITTLE ?ANKS W]E DUE TO ! M5 = WOM5'S AWAK5+1 = !Y HAVE HELD ?AT WOM5'S PLACE WAS AT HOME AS A DOME/IC SLAVE4 ,! WOM5 W\LD NEV] RETURN TO ?AT CONDITION 2 BUT1 9 OPPOSITION TO ! MIDDLE-CLASS AGITATION = SO-CALL$ ,WOM5'S ,RI<TS1 :I* SIMPLY MEANS TO PUT WOM5 9 ANTAGONISM TO M5 & USE !M AS COMPETITORS 9 ! WAGE-M>KET AGA9/ !M1 !Y WOM5 ,SOCIALI/S1 DISREG>D+ ! QUE/ION ( SEX 9 ECONOMICS1 W\LD WORK ) M5 ON A BASIS ( EQUALITY = ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

,DR4 ,ADL]1 ,AU/RIA1 9 GIV+ HIS REPORT1 /AT$ ?AT 9 ,AU/RIA LABOR LEGISLATION WAS !ORETICALLY P]FECT4 ,REGULATION ( FACTORIES & ( *ILD & FEMALE LABOR EXI/$ ON PAP]1 YET M51 WOM51 & *ILDR5 >E OV]WORK$ & ! LAWS DISREG>D$4 ,9 A SPEE* FULL ( SATIRE HE RIDICUL$ ?IS /ATE ( ?+S1 & SAID ?AT = HIS P>TICIPATION 9 ! TRAM /RIKE ( ,VI5NA HIS PAP]1 ! ,GLEI*HEIT1 WAS SUPPRESS$ & HIMSELF CONDEMN$ TO PRISON 2 ?AT 9 ALL ,AU/RIA !RE >E ONLY FIFTE5 9SPECTORS TO SEE TO ! 5=CEM5T ( LABOR LAWS4 

,! DELEGATE ( ! ,P>ISIAN ,WAIT]S' /AT$ ?AT !Y HAD TO WORK FROM #g A4M4 TO #b P4M41 & (T5 LONG] 2 ?AT !Y (T5 HAD TO PAY ! MANAG]S ( ! ,BUREAU DE ,PLACEM5T1 OR PLACE F>M]S1 #f FT4 TO #a FR4 TO SECURE A PLACE1 & !N W]E FREQU5TLY DISMISS$ UPON ! SMALLE/ PRET5SE1 ! EMPLOY] & ! BUREAU %>+ 9 ! PLUND] ( ! GU>ANTEE4 ,!Y W]E OBLIG$ TO BE CIVIL TO ALL1 & EV5 :5 9SULT$ TO SAY 0 ,?ANK Y\40 ,HI!RTO !Y HAD BE5 C\NT$ AS ( NO MOM5T1 BUT N[ ?AT !Y >E ORGANIZ$ EV]Y O!R SECTION ( 9DU/RY RECOGNIZ$ !M4 ,!Y W]E HE>TILY 9 SYMPA?Y ) ,SOCIALISM4 

,! DELEGATE ( ! ,G]MAN ,M9]S' RECIT$ H[ ! M9]S HAD BE5 TREAT$ BY ! AU?ORITIES 9 !IR LATE REVOLT1 & H[ MANY HAD BE5 IMPRISON$ = SIMPLY ORGANIZ+ 2 ( !IR 9T]VIEW ) ! ,G]MAN ,EMP]OR1 :OM1 BY ! WAY1 HE DESIGNAT$ 0! DEVIL02 & SAID1 9 CONCLUSION1 ?AT ! UPHEAVAL HAD BE5 MADE )\T ,SOCIALI/ 9FLU5CE AGA9/ 9TOL]ABLE CONDITIONS1 BUT H5CE=W>D ! M9]S W\LD WORK ) SOCIALI/IC AIMS4 

,SW$5 WAS OBLIG$ TO SEEK A ,SW$E RESID5T 9 ,P>IS AS H] REPRES5TATIVE1 BECAUSE JU/ N[ !RE >E F\R $ITORS ( ,SOCIALI/ PAP]S 9 PRISON1 & EXCEPTIONAL LAWS ON ! ,G]MAN & ,AU/RIAN PATT]N >E BE+ PASS$ AGA9/ ! ,SOCIALI/S4 

,BOHEMIAN ,SOCIALI/S W]E ALSO UND] ! SAME DIFFICULTIES 2 NO COMB9ATION WAS ALL[$1 & JU/ REC5TLY 9 ONE YE> #cd P]SONS W]E >RE/$ ON SUSPICION1 SOME CONDEMN$ TO ONE YE> ( IMPRISONM5T = A PAP] ?AT HAD CEAS$ TO EXI/1 SOME TO ?REE OR F\R MON?S1 & ONLY #aa ACQUITT$ AFT] BE+ DETA9$ WEEKS )\T TRIAL4 

,! DELEGATE ( ! ,FR5* ,SEAM5 DETAIL$ ! H>D%IPS HIS CON/ITU5TS UND]W5T1 TI$ UP BY ! H&S TO ! RIGG+ OR PLAC$ 9 D>K CELLS1 & OV]WORK$ & HALF />V$4 ,HE APPEAL$ TO ! ,CONGRESS = ITS SYMPA?Y & AID ON !IR BEHALF4 

,*RI/5S51 ( ,D5M>K1 GAVE HIS REPORT1 & SPOKE ( ! RAPID /RIDES ! MOVEM5T WAS MAK+ 9 ?AT C\NTRY1 & ( ! P]SECUTIONS TO :I* ! ,SOCIALI/S W]E SUBJECT$4 

,F]R\L 7,DEPUTY7 ASK$ TO BE ALL[$ TO SPEAK1 & HAV+ OBTA9$ P]MISSION HE DELIV]$ A P[]FUL SPEE* AGA9/ ,P>LIAM5T>IANISM4 

,! ,5GLI% REPORT WAS GIV5 UPON ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y L9ES BY COMRADE ,MORRIS1 & AFT] A DEAL ( PRESSURE HAD BE5 EX]CIS$ UPON ! BUREAU4.<#a.> 

,KEIR ,H>DIE GAVE US A TRADES' UNION REPORT1 AT ! CONCLUSION ( :I* HE W5T \T ( HIS WAY TO DECL>E ?AT NO P]SON 9 ,5GL& BELIEV$ 9 O!R ?AN PEACEFUL ME?ODS TO A*IEVE AMELIORATION ( CONDITIONS1 A /ATEM5T ?AT WAS PROTE/$ AGA9/ BY MYSELF & O!R DELEGATES4 ,H>DIE'S SPEE* WAS C>EFULLY1 V]Y C>EFULLY1 TRANSLAT$ 9TO ,G]MAN BY ,LIEBKNE*T1 :O 9 ! C\RSE ( IT ADD$ OOMM5TS ( HIS [N TO DEMON/RATE ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ,MORRIS & ,KEIR ,H>DIE4.<#b.> 

,! SUBSEQU5T SITT+S ( ! ,CONGRESS W]E DEVOT$ TO ! FACTORY LEGISLATION BE=E M5TION$1 & A RESOLUTION S5T 9 ON BEHALF ( ! ,LEAGUE BY ,MORRIS WAS ADD$1 ,I BELIEVE1 TO ! PREAMBLE ( ! FIR/ RESOLUTION4 

,I !N ESSAY$ MY PR5TICE H& 9 ! BELIEF ?AT ! WRECKAGE CAUS$ BY COMPETITION DES]VE AS MU* ATT5TION AS ! ORGANIZ$ WORK]S1 & !RE=E S5T 9 ! FOLL[+ RESOLUTION 3 --  
  

0 ,! ,CONGRESS RECOGNIZ+ ?AT ! MONOPOLY ( ! MEANS ( LIFE1 VIZ41 L& & 9/RUM5TS ( PRODUCTION1 BY L&LORDS & CAPITALI/S IS ! CAUSE ( POV]TY & DEGRADATION AMONG ! MASSES1 & SEE+ ?AT ! MASS ( UNEMPLOY$ CAUS$ BY MONOPOLY HAVE ONLY ! *OICE ( EI!R />VATION WAGES1 BRUTAL *>ITY1 !FT1 OR REBELLION1 WE VIEW ) DISGU/ & HORROR ! HYPOCRISY :I* E/ABLI%ES A CODE ( MORALITY & HONE/Y1 BUTTRESS$ BY RELIGION1 & YET CONDEMNS MULTITUDES TO PAUP]ISM1 PRO/ITUTION1 & CRIME 2 ! ,CONGRESS HAV+ = ITS AIM & OBJECT ! EXT9CTION ( POV]TY BY ! ABOLITION ( MONOPOLY1 DECL>ES ?AT ! MONOPOLI/S :O 5=CE JUDICIALLY P5AL LAW >E !MSELVES ! GREATE/ CRIM9ALS1 & :IL/ EXT5D+ \R SYMPA?Y TO PRISON]1 PRO/ITUTE1 & PAUP]1 MADE SO BY 9JU/ICE1 WE /R5G!N \R RESOLVE TO OV]?R[ AT ! E>LIE/ MOM5T ! FRAUD CALL$ ,MOD]N ,SOCIETY40  
  

,CONSID]ABLE TR\BLE HAD TO BE TAK5 TO GET IT READ TO ! ,CONGRESS1 AFT] :I* IT WAS1 ,I BELIEVE1 CONSIGN$ TO LIMBO4 ,NO ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO TRANSLATE IT = ! CONV5I5CE ( ! DELEGATES1 NOR PUT IT UPON ! ORD] ( ! DAY4 

,9 CONCLUSION1 ,I MU/ SAY ?AT ! ,CONGRESS WAS DISAPPO9T+ FROM A REVOLUTION>Y /&PO9T1 BADLY ORGANIZ$1 & LITTLE MORE ?AN A PRELUDE TO ! ,GOV]NM5TAL ONE AB\T TO BE HELD UPON LABOR LEGISLATION4 ,DISCUSSION UPON ! ANTI-,P>LIAM5T>Y & ,AN>*ICAL POSITIONS WAS B>ELY TOL]AT$1 & ULTIMATELY1 =CIBLY SUPPRESS$4 ,LET ME SAY ?AT AS A DEMON/RATION ( ,9T]NATIONALISM BROADLY1 & NOT NOTIC+ DETAILS1 ! ,CONGRESS WAS A SUCCESS 2 BUT MY ADVICE TO ,5GLI% ,SOCIALI/S ,IS1 9 VIEW ( A CONVOCATION TO ANO!R ONE TO BE HELD 9 ! FUTURE1 TO 9SI/ UPON ORGANIZATION1 SU* AS ! PR9T+ ( ! ORD] ( ! DAY1 PROP] TRANSLATIONS1 & ABOVE ALL1 S\ND REVOLUTION>Y DOCTR9ES 9 FAVOR ( ALL & NOT SECTIONS ( ! PROLET>IAT4 

.<#a.> ,A NOTE APPE>$ 9 ! ,SEPTEMB] #ad ISSUE ( ,COMMONWEAL AS FOLL[S3  

 ,WE HAVE RECEIV$ ! FIR/ P>T ( ! (FICIAL $ITION ( ! PROCE$+S ( ! ,9T]NATIONAL 7,M>XI/7 ,CONGRESS 7#b#c PP41 ,IMPRIM]IE DE LA ,RESSE1 #a#h#h#i71 CONTA9+ ! APPEAL ( ! ORGANIZ+ COMMITTEE1 ! LI/ ( DELEGATES1 & A NUMB] ( RESOLUTIONS PASS$4 ,V]Y LITTLE C>E HAS BE5 TAK51 TO MAKE ?IS PUBLICATION A RELIABLE HI/ORICAL DOCUM5T1 = ! LI/S ( DELEGATES SW>M ) MISPR9TS1 OMISSIONS1 & 9CONSEQU5T >RANG+S4 ,TWO ( ! ,5GLI% DELEGATES1 ,F4 ,*>LES & ,J4 ,TURN]1 >E COMPLETELY OMITT$ 2 ON ! O!R SIDE WE F9D AN ,AU/RIAN DELEGATE1 ,MR4 ,ALTROHLAN1 :O NEV] EXI/$1 BUT ! NAME ( ! T[N ( ,ALTROHLAU1 :]E ,H4 ,DIETEL CAME FROM1 WAS MADE ! NAME ( A DELEGATE 6 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS'S & ,F4 ,KITZ'S RESOLUTIONS W]E NOT PUBLI%$ AS 0 NO SPACE WAS LEFT10 IT IS SAID1 BUT WILL BE PUBLI%$ 0 LAT] ON40  

.<#b.> ,LEIBKNE*T'S REPLY WAS PUBLI%$ 9 ! NEXT ISSUE ( ,COMMONWEAL AS FOLL[S3  

 ,SIR1 -- ,9 Y\R NUMB] ( ! #a? ( ?IS MON?1 ,MR4 ,F4 ,KITZ PAYS ME ! COMPLIM5T ( HAV+ 0C>EFULLY1 V]Y C>EFULLY TRANSLAT$ 9TO ,G]MAN ,KEIR ,H>DIE'S SPEE*40 ,MR4 ,KITZ IS RI<T4 ,I DID IT 0C>EFULLY1 V]Y C>EFULLY10 AS ,I AM ALWAYS WONT TO DO MY DUTY4 ,S9CE ,MR4 ,KITZ HAS OMITT$ TO M5TION IT1 ,I MAY ADD ?AT ,I HAVE TRANSLAT$ ,MR4 ,MORRIS'S SPEE* ) EXACTLY ! SAME C>E & LOVE 2 & IF ,MR4 ,KITZ HAD MADE A SPEE* AS 9T]E/+ & AS 9/RUCTIVE AS ?OSE ( HIS TWO C\NTRYM51 ,I %\LD HAVE R5D]$ HIM ! SAME S]VICE4 -- ,TRULY Y\RS1 ,W4 ,LIEBKNE*T4  

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