,! ,ONW>D ,SWEEP ( ! ,MA*9E ,PROCESS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NILS ,H4 ,HANSON 

,TEXT 3 

,9 ! GOOD OLD TIMES1 :5 ! MA*9E WAS JU/ BEG9N+ TO COME 9 TO DO ! WORK DONE BY ! HUMAN H&1 IT HAPP5$ SOME?+ LIKE ?IS3 

    ,! ,PA/4 
     

,MR4 ,JONES IS A %OEMAK] EMPLOY+ ONE HUNDR$ M54 ,MR4 ,SMI? [NS ANO!R FACTORY EMPLOY+ ! SAME NUMB] ( M54 ,9 BO? !SE FACTORIES ! %OES >E MADE BY H&4 ,NO MA*9ES >E US$4 ,EV]Y BIT ( LEA!R IS CUT BY H&1 & EV]Y /IT* MADE BY H&4 ,ALL POLI%+ IS DONE BY H&1 & ONE MAN MAKES ! :OLE PAIR ( %OES4 ,HE TAKES ! PIECE ( LEA!R1 CUTS IT1 SEWS IT1 PUTS IT TOGE!R1 & F9I%ES ! %OE4 ,HE GETS HOLD ( MORE LEA!R & MAKES ANO!R PAIR1 & SO ANO!R & ANO!R4 ,HE KEEPS IT UP1 FITT+1 NAIL+1 SEW+1 & BRU%+ PAIR AFT] PAIR4 

     

,!RE >E NO BIG FACTORIES4 ,MO/ WORK IS DONE 9 SMALL %OPS1 & BY 9DIVIDUALS1 ONE OR TWO OR A FEW M5 P]HAPS BE+ HIR$4 ,?IS HOLDS GOOD NOT ONLY 9 ! PROCESS ( MAK+ %OES1 BUT ALSO 9 O!R L9ES ( WORK4 ,WE SEE ! DRESSMAK]S & ! TAILORS SITT+ SEW+ CLO!S BY H&1 ) A FEW M5 OR WOM5 HELP+ !M1 BESIDES SOME APPR5TICES LE>N+ ! TRADE4 

     

,9 !SE DAYS !RE IS NO MA*9]Y AT ALL4 ,WE HE> NO FACTORY :I/LES BL[2 NO TRA9S S5D !IR %RIEKS ?R\< ! M\NTA9S2 NO /REET C>S CLANG2 & NO TRUCKS RUMBLE ALONG LOAD$ ) ! NECESSITIES ( LIFE4 ,TRANSPORTATION IS DONE BY HORSE TEAMS4 ,EV]Y?+ IS DONE ON A SMALL SCALE4 ,MO/ /ORES >E SMALL MIX$ /ORES1 AB\T ! SIZE ( ! C\NTRY GROC]Y ( MOD]N TIMES4 

    ,A ,*ANGE4 
     

,BUT :ILE EV]Y?+ IS GO+ ON SO SL[LY1 & ! PEOPLE >E LIV+ QUIETLY1 !RE COMES ! 9V5TION ( MA*9]Y4 ,SOMEONE1 = EXAMPLE1 SAW IT WAS EASI] TO TURN A ROCK ) A B> ?AN BY H&4 ,HE BEGAN TO FIGURE :E!R OR NOT ?AT C\LDN'T BE US$ TO A L>G] DEGREE 9 DIFF]5T WALKS ( LIFE4 ,! IDEA SPREAD \T & LIKE WILDFIRE IT SEEMS TO BE APP>5T MO/ EV]Y:]E AT ONCE4 ,9/EAD ( ! OLD HORSE-BACK ME?ODS1 /AGES1 & ! SL[ TRANSPORTATION1 TRA9S >E BEG9N+ TO RUN & ! FACTORY :I/LE BL[S4 

     

,9/EAD ( MAK+ %OES BY H& ! MA*9E COMES 9 TO DO ! GREAT] P>T ( ! WORK4 ,&1 TO USE ! ILLU/RATION WE />T$ )1 ,MR4 ,JONES1 HAV+ A TRIFLE MORE CLEV]NESS ?AN HIS RIVAL1 9/ALLS SOME MA*9]Y4 ,HE RUBS HIS H&S ) DELI<T ON F9D+ ?AT ) ! MA*9E HE WON'T NE$ MORE ?AN HALF ( ! M5 HE N[ EMPLOYS4 ,! MA*9ES 9 HIS FACTORY1 HE LAYS (F FIFTY ( HIS M51 BECAUSE HE CAN N[ GET AS MU* WORK DONE BY FIFTY AS BE=E BY A HUNDR$ H&S4 ,ALSO HE CAN MAKE HIS %OES *EAP] ?AN CAN ?AT O!R FELL[1 ,SMI?4 ,HE CAN PUT D[N ! PRICE ( %OES & /ILL BE ABLE TO PAY = ALL ! MA*9]Y HE HAS B\<T4 ,SO HE SELLS HIS %OES AT A L[] PRICE1 & GA9S MORE CU/OM]S4 ,SMI? SEES ?IS1 BEG9S TO SCRAT* HIS HEAD1 & F9ALLY DECIDES ?AT 9 ORD] TO KEEP UP 9 COMPETITION HE ALSO HAS GOT TO 9/ALL MA*9]Y4 ,SO ,SMI? BUYS SOME MA*9ES & LAYS (F AB\T HALF ( HIS M5 ALSO4 

     

,MR4 ,JONES & ,MR4 ,SMI? BO? HAVE N[ 9/ALL$ MA*9]Y1 :I*1 PUT TOGE!R1 DISPLACES ONE HUNDR$ M54 ,) FIFTY M5 EA* !Y >E ABLE TO MAKE JU/ AS MANY PAIRS ( %OES A DAY AS !Y US$ TO DO ) A HUNDR$1 & TO SELL !IR PRODUCT *EAP] & /ILL MAKE MORE PR(IT4 

    ,! ,RESULT4 
     

,SO WE SEE ?AT ?OSE TWO %OEMAK]S ALONE LAY (F ONE HUNDR$ M54 ,EA* ONE /ILL HAS FIFTY M5 WORK+ =1 SAY1 @s#b A DAY4 ,AS TIME PASSES & ! ONE HUNDR$ M5 \TSIDE CAN'T F9D ANY WORK--BECAUSE MA*9]Y IS COM+ 9 RAPIDLY 9 O!R BRAN*ES ( WORK ALSO1 & CONSEQU5TLY M5 >E BE+ LAID (F EV]Y:]E--SOME ( !SE FIFTY :O US$ TO WORK = ,SMI? COME TO HIM & SAY3 0,MR4 ,SMI?1 ,I WANT SOME WORK4 ,I'VE GOT TO LIVE2 ,I'VE GOT A WIFE & SOME KIDS DEP5D+ ON ME1 & WE'VE GOT TO LIVE SOMEH[4 ,IF Y\'LL ONLY GIVE ME A *ANCE TO WORK AGA91 ,I'LL WORK = #be OR #e C5TS LESS A DAY ?AN ,I US$ TO40 

     

,SMI?'S FACE BEG9S TO %9E1 BECAUSE N[ HE SEES A *ANCE TO MAKE MORE MONEY YET4 ,HE SEES A *ANCE ( CUTT+ ! WAGES4 ,SO AFT] HE HAS HIS S*EME WORK$ \T HE WALKS OV] TO SOME ( ?OSE WORK+ = HIM1 SAY+3 0,BOYS1 ,I HAVE A PROPOSITION TO MAKE4 ,I'VE GOT TO HAVE ?IS WORK ONE *EAP]2 ,I CAN'T PAY Y\ MORE ?AN @s#a4#e A DAY1 & ,I CAN'T USE ANYBODY :O WON'T WORK = ?AT40 

     

,?IS CAUSES SOME ( ! M5 WORK+ = HIM TO QUIT4 ,AS !Y LEAVE1 ,SMI? OP5S ! W9D[1 WAVES HIS H& TO SOME ( ?OSE FIFTY HE LAID (F :5 ! MA*9ES CAME ALONG1 & TELLS !M IF !Y WANT TO WORK = @s#a4#e1 ALL RI<T2 IF NOT1 HE CAN'T USE ANY ( !M4 ,SOME ( !M >E ALREADY SO HUNGRY !Y EAG]LY %\T AT ! TOP ( !IR VOICES ?AT !Y WILL WORK = @s#a4#b#e A DAY1 IF ONLY GIV5 A *ANCE4 

     

,OV] 9 ,JONES' %OP ! SAME ?+ IS HAPP5+4 ,SO N[ WE HAVE ! WAGES D[N TO @s#a4#e & @s#a4#b#e1 & /ILL MORE M5 >E \TSIDE READY SOON TO WORK = A DOLL> A DAY4 ,!N SOME?+ HAPP5S3 ,SOMEONE GETS AN IDEA 9TO HIS HEAD ?AT IF ?AT KEEPS UP1 PRETTY SOON !Y WON'T GET ANY WAGES AT ALL4 ,SO HE PROPOSES ?AT1 9 ORD] TO UPHOLD !IR 9T]E/S1 ?OSE \TSIDE ! FACTORY GET TOGE!R ) ?OSE WORK+ 9 ! FACTORY4 

     

,& ?US WE HAVE A UNION 9 EMBRYO4 ,! M5 BEG9 TO REALIZE ?AT IF !Y WANT TO LIVE !Y WILL HAVE TO GET TOGE!R1 ALL ( !M1 & BY SO DO+ =CE !IR EMPLOY]S TO PAY !M SOME?+ = !IR WORK4 

    ,! ,MA/]'S ,ME?OD4 
     

,! ABOVE MAY NOT BE EXACTLY AS IT DID HAPP51 :5 ! MA*9]Y CAME1 BUT IT IS AN ILLU/RATION ?AT HOLDS GOOD 9 G5]AL4 

     

,S9CE ?AT TIME MA*9]Y HAS BE5 IMPROV$2 9/EAD ( ! SMALL 9DIVIDUAL WORK%OP WE HAVE TODAY ! MOD]N FACTORY EMPLOY+ ?\S&S ( M5 & WOM54 ,BUT ! CONDITIONS CREAT$ BY ! FIR/ MA*9ES /ILL EXI/--AL?\< TODAY WE DON'T SEE ! SLAVES 9 FIFTIES OR HUNDR$S ONLY \TSIDE ! WORK+ PLACES1 BUT BY ! ?\S&S1 HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S1 & MILLIONS4 ,TODAY !Y >E /&+ \TSIDE ! %OPS1 FACTORIES1 MILLS & M9ES1 ! SAME AS ! FIFTY1 :]E ! FIR/ MA*9E FACTORY :I/LE BLEW4 ,& AS MA*9]Y BEGAN TO BECOME DOM9ANT 9 SOCIETY1 ?OSE [N+ ?IS MA*9]Y BEGAN TO =M ORGANIZATIONS ALSO1 TILL TODAY WE HAVE ! EMPLOY]S' ORGANIZATIONS--! TRU/S & ! M]*ANTS' & MANUFACTUR]S' ASSOCIATIONS4 ,S9CE ! TIME :5 ! FIR/ MA*9ES MADE ! WORK]S GET TOGE!R !Y HAVE KEPT ON GETT+ TOGE!R--& !Y >E /ILL AT IT4 

     

,AT FIR/ ! %OEMAK] /OOD ALONE1 COMPET+ ) ! O!R %OEMAK]S4 ,!N CAME ! ORGANIZ+ ( !SE 0%OEMAK]S0 OR %OE MANUFACTUR]S1 9 ORD] TO UPHOLD !IR 9T]E/S4 ,TODAY NO %OES1 OR V]Y FEW1 >E MADE BY H&4 ,!Y >E MO/LY MADE 9 BIG FACTORIES1 EMPLOY+ ?\S&S ( M5 & WOM54 ,NOT ONE ( !SE WORK]S C\LD MAKE A :OLE PAIR ( %OES IF HE TRI$ TO4 ,EV]Y?+ IS SPECIALIZ$2 EA* WORK] DOES ONE LITTLE P>T ( ! :OLE1 !N IT GOES TO ! NEXT1 & SO ON D[N ! L9E4 ,! HUMAN BE+ GETS SO US$ TO HIS MOVEM5TS ?AT HIS BODY BECOMES =M$ ACCORD+LY--HE BECOMES A LIV+ ME*ANISM ( PRODUCTION4 

    ,! ,SKILL$ ,MAN-,! ,MOLD]4 
     

,( LATE YE>S MA*9]Y HAS BE5 9/ALL$ RAPIDLY4 ,!RE ISN'T ONE L9E ( WORK :I* CANNOT BE DONE1 TO SOME EXT5T AT LEA/1 BY MA*9ES4 ,TAKE ! MOLD]'S TRADE = 9/ANCE4 ,NO MOLD] ( #be OR #c YE>S AGO DREAM$ ?AT !RE W\LD EV] BE ANY MA*9ES DO+ MOLD+4 ,HE KNEW ?AT IT REQUIR$ ! S5SITIVE T\* ( ! >TI/ TO F9I% A MOLD2 HE KNEW ?AT ! S& HAD TO BE JU/ SO H>D1 & NEV] DID HE ?9K ?AT A DEAD ?+1 A MA*9E1 C\LD PACK ! S& JU/ RI<T4 ,BUT TODAY !RE >E F\NDRIES HAV+ MA*9ES :I* RAM ! S& = MORE ?AN FIFTY M54 ,FIVE M5 CAN DO MORE WORK ) !SE MA*9ES ?AN C\LD SIXTY BY H&4 ,EV]Y?+ FITS TOGE!R1 & !RE IS H>DLY A S5SITIVE T\* BY ! HUMAN H& NE$$ ANY MORE4 ,! S& IS %OVEL$ 9 79 SOME F\NDRIES ! S& COMES D[N FROM ABOVE & NO %OVEL IS NE$$1 EI!R72 ! FLASK IS PUT ON A 0GUMP]0 7NAME ( ONE K9D ( MA*9E US$ = HEAVY WORK71 ! MOLD] TURNS A H&LE1 & ! MA*9E GIVES A J]K :I* PACKS ! S& TOGE!R2 ! MOLD] C\NTS ! J]KS &1 :AT W\LD P]HAPS HAVE NE$$ ALL DAY TO DO BY H&1 TAKES ONLY A C\PLE OR A FEW SECONDS TO P]=M ) ! MA*9E4 

     

,& !RE >E DOZ5S ( DIFF]5T MOLD+ MA*9ES4 ,SOME SMALL ONES1 US$ ON B5* WORK1 MAKE ONE MOLD EV]Y M9UTE4 ,SO ?IS TRADE1 :I* US$ TO TAKE 7& IS /ILL ,S,U,P,P,O,S,$ TO TAKE1 ( C\RSE7 ?REE OR F\R YE>S TO LE>N1 CAN N[ BE PICK$ UP 9 A FEW DAYS1 A FEW WEEKS OR FEW MON?S AT ! LIMIT4 ,N[ 9 CASE ! MOLD]S GO \T A FEW UNSKILL$ CAN SOON BE BROK5 9 TO DO ! WORK4 ,AS OLD MOLD]S USUALLY SAY3 0,N[ADAYS !Y BR+ HIM 9 AT SEV5 9 ! MORN+ & AT T5 HE IS A MOLD]40 ,( C\RSE !RE IS /ILL SOME MOLD+ ?AT REQUIRES SKILL1 BUT IT IS GETT+ LESS EV]Y YE> & WILL SOON BE A ?+ ( ! PA/4 ,& SO IT IS 9 EV]Y L9E ( WORK4 0,! MA*9E ( WOOD & IRON IS TAK+ ! PLACE ( ! MA*9E ( FLE% & BLOOD40 

     

,:5 ! MA*9ES FIR/ APPE>$1 ! WORK]S BEGAN TO ORGANIZE 9 SMALL BODIES--JU/ BIG 5\< TO FI<T ! SMALL MA/]S ( ?OSE DAYS4 ,AS !SE MA/]S BEGAN TO GET BIGG]1 IT WAS A NATURAL CONSEQU5CE ?AT ! WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS HAD TO GET BIGG] ALSO4 ,& AS ! EMPLOY]S BEGAN TO ORGANIZE TO GET CONTROL1 NOT ONLY ( ONE %OP OR A FEW %OPS1 ONE T[N OR A FEW T[NS1 BUT ( ! 9DU/RIES FROM COA/ TO COA/1 FROM ONE L& TO ANO!R1 ! WORK]S SAW ?AT ! ONLY WAY TO FI<T !M W\LD BE BY ORGANIZ+ ON ! SAME L9ES AS !Y DID4 ,!RE=E ! WORK]S' ORGANIZATION GREW FROM ! SMALL ONE TO ! BIG BODY ( M5--) UNITS 9 EV]Y P>T ( ! C\NTRY & ) SIMIL> ORGANIZATIONS SEEK+ TO =M AN 9T]NATIONAL4 

     

,9 ! BEG9N+1 :5 ! MA/]S W]E ONLY P>TLY ORGANIZ$1 AN ORGANIZATION ( ! WORK]S BY CRAFT WAS APP>5TLY SUFFICI5T TO SAFEGU>D !IR 9T]E/S4 ,)9 ! LIMITS ONLY ( EA* SEP>ATE TRADE OR CRAFT !SE UNIONS ORGANIZ$ 7& /ILL ORGANIZE7 ! WORK]S2 EA* ONE ( !SE UNIONS PULL$ EA* 9 ITS [N DIRECTION1 & SOLID>ITY ( LABOR WAS AN IMPOSSIBILITY4 

     

,ANO!R ?+ WAS ?AT ! MA/]S GOT TOGE!R 9 BIG 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATIONS2 IT BEGAN TO BE H>D = ! CRAFT UNIONS TO COPE ) ! SITUATION--& SO ! 9DU/RIAL UNION WAS BORN4 ,9 ?IS UNION ALL ! WORK]S 9 ANY 9DU/RY /& TOGE!R SIDE BY SIDE1 & /RIKE TOGE!R SO AS TO COMPLETELY /OP ! PRODUCTION ( ! %OP OR ( ! 5TIRE 9DU/RY1 :5 /RIKES >E NECESS>Y4 

     

,UN=TUNATELY1 WE /ILL HAVE ! CRAFT ORGANIZATION1 AS WELL AS ! CONTRACT SY/EM4 ,! WORK]S >E SPLIT UP1 SO ?AT :5 ! M9]S1 = 9/ANCE1 GO ON /RIKE 9 ONE PLACE OR ONE P>T ( ! C\NTRY O!R 0ORGANIZ$0 M9]S 9 O!R P>TS ( ! C\NTRY >E WORK+ OV]TIME TO FILL ! ORD]S4 ,!Y HAVE SIGN$ A 0CONTRACT0 ) ! EMPLOY]S 7A PIECE ( PAP] :I* 0B9DS0 !M TOGE!R1 ?\< IT NEV] B9DS ! EMPLOY]S71 SO !Y CAN'T HELP EA* O!R OR GET UNITY ( ACTION4 ,BUT !RE >E ?\S&S ( WORK]S :O >E BEG9N+ TO REALIZE ?AT !Y HAVE NO?+ 9 COMMON ) ! EMPLOY] !Y >E WORK+ =4 ,:ILE ! CRAFT UNIONS 7! ,AM]ICAN ,F$]ATION ( ,LABOR7 SAYS ?AT ! WORK]S MU/ ORGANIZE TO GET A 0FAIR %>E0 ( :AT !Y PRODUCE1 ! 9DU/RIAL ORGANIZATION 7! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD7 SAYS ?AT ! WORK]S MU/ ORGANIZE TO GET ALL !Y PRODUCE4 ,! ,I4 ,W4 ,W4 ALSO SAYS3 0,! WORK]S MADE ! MA*9ES1 & ! WORK]S RUN ! MA*9ES2 !RE=E1 BY ,GOD1 ! MA*9ES %\LD ALSO BELONG TO ! WORK]S40 

    ,! ,FUTURE4 
     

,! NUMB] ( ?OSE MAK+ MILLIONS \T ( ! HIDES ( ! WORK]S IS 9CREAS+1 AT ! SAME TIME AS ! NUMB] ( ?OSE />V+ IS 9CREAS+4 ,9 #ahfa !RE WAS ONLY ONE MILLIONAIRE 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES2 TODAY !RE >E OV] #d1 ( !M1 ) A GOOD MANY [N+ HUNDR$S ( MILLIONS4 

     

,! NUMB] ( P>ASITES IS 9CREAS+ CON/ANTLY & AT ! SAME TIME ! BREAD L9ES >E GETT+ LONG] & L>G]4 ,NO LONG] >E !RE 9DIVIDUAL %OEMAK]S1 OR FIFTY OR A HUNDR$ M5 ONLY ?R[N \T ( WORK--BUT TODAY WE HAVE ! :OLE ( ORGANIZ$ SOCIETY1 ) ITS MURD]\S 9/ITUTIONS1 JAILS1 P5S1 MILITIA1 >MIES & NAVIES1 PITT$ AGA9/ ! M5 & WOM5 :O >E CLOS$ \T BECAUSE ( MOD]N MA*9]Y4 ,9 ORD] TO *ANGE ?IS & TO DO AWAY ) ! MIS]Y1 9JU/ICE & DEGRADATION CAUS$ BY ?IS GR9D+ 0CIVILIZATION10 ! WORK]S MU/ ORGANIZE ON SU* L9ES ?AT !Y CAN ALL /& TOGE!R & MEET ! ORGANIZ$ MA/]S ) A UNION JU/ AS WIDELY1 WELL1 & P[]FULLY ORGANIZ$ AS IS !IR 5EMY'S2 & ?US1 BY TY+ UP ,A,L,L ,! ,9,D,U,/,R,I,E,S AT ONCE1 *ANGE ! :OLE TO A BETT] WORLD--A WORLD ( ! WORK]S4 

     

,?AT IS :AT ! WORK]S ( ALL AGES HAVE BE5 AFT]--A BETT] WORLD4 ,NO ONE KN[S ! SUFF]+ BETT] ?AN ! SLAVE HIMSELF1 & !RE=E IT MU/ BE HE :O MU/ FREE HIMSELF FROM ! LA% ( ! MA/]S4 ,NO?+ CAN BE /RONG] ?AN ! WORK+ CLASS1 :5 ALL ! WORK]S >E PROP]LY ORGANIZ$2 :5 !Y ALL /& TOGE!R1 ! SAME AS ! MA/]S DO TODAY4 ,& NONE >E HI<] & BETT] ?AN ! ONES :O PRODUCE EV]Y?+ NE$$ 9 SU/A9+ LIFE4 

     

,! MA*9ES >E TODAY US$ TO 5?RALL$ ! WORK]S1 :ILE !Y C\LD BE US$ TO HELP ! WORK]S & SOCIETY AS A :OLE4 ,PRACTICALLY ALL 9V5TIONS & EV]Y?+ WOR? :ILE >E MADE BY ! WORK]S2 & AS SOON AS !Y WAKE UP TO ! FACT ?AT EV]Y?+--MA*9ES1 9DU/RIES & ALL %\LD BELONG TO ?OSE ONLY :O PRODUCE & :O DO USEFUL LABOR--!N !Y NE$ NOT SUFF] ANY LONG]1 BECAUSE !N ! MA*9E--! REAL ORGANIZ]--WILL BE A BLESS+ TO ! HUMAN RACE1 9/EAD ( A CURSE AS IT IS TODAY4 

     

,!N WILL COME ! TIME AB\T :I* POETS ALL ?R\< ! AGES HAVE DREAM$2 ! TIME :I* BROK5-HE>T$1 SWEAT+ TOIL]S1 M5 & WOM51 HAVE SUFF]$ =2 ! TIME :I* ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD IS FI<T+ =1 & WILL FI<T = UNTIL ! WORK]S COME TO !IR [N1 & ! MA/] & ! SLAVE %ALL HAVE DISAPPE>$ FROM ! E>?4 

     

  

    ,9DU/RIAL ,EFFICI5CY & ,ITS 

    ,ANTIDOTE4 
     

        ,BY ,T4 ,GLYNN4 
         

,IF 9DICATIONS C\NT = ANY?+1 ,AU/RALIA IS %ORTLY GO+ TO BE QUITE UP TO DATE 9 ! SCI5CE ( EXPLOITATION4 ,?\< LOCAL EXPLOIT]S HAVE NEV] EXHIBIT$ ANY O!R T5D5CIES ?AN ?OSE *>ACT]I/IC ( !IR CLASS ?R\<\T ! WORLD 9 ?IS RESPECT1 /ILL !IR ECONOMIC EXP]TS & POLITICIANS1 ,LABOR & ,LIB]AL ALIKE1 W\LD APPE> TO BE ( ! OP9ION ?AT !RE >E A FEW TIPS ON ! 0SCI5TIFIC0 MANAGEM5T ( LABOR :I* !IR ,AU/RALIAN PAYMA/]S W\LD DO WELL TO /UDY4 ,SO ! V>I\S ,/ATE ,GOV]NM5TS HAVE JO9TLY AGRE$ TO IMPORT A G5TLEMAN FROM ,U4 ,S4 ,A41 0! L& ( ! FREE & ! HOME ( ! SLAVE10 :]E ! >T ( WR++ ! LA/ \NCE ( SURPLUS-VALUE \T ( ! WORK]'S HIDE HAS ( LATE YE>S MADE MORE PROGRESS ?AN 9 ANY O!R C\NTRY 9 ! WORLD4 

     

,! SUBJECT ( 0,9DU/RIAL ,EFFICI5CY0 WAS BRIEFLY DEALT ) 9 A REC5T ISSUE ( 0,DIRECT ,ACTION0 9 REPLY TO AN >TICLE :I* APPE>$ ON ! SUBJECT 9 ! ,SYDNEY 0,SUN10 BUT AS ! MATT] IS EVID5TLY GO+ TO DEVELOP 9TO SOME?+ MORE ?AN A 0PI\S WI%0 ON ! P>T ( ! MA/] CLASS & !IR PRESS1 A MORE DETAIL$ EXPLANATION ( ! MANN] 9 :I* 0SCI5TIFIC MANAGEM5T0 WORKS \T1 SO F> AS ! WORK] IS CONC]N$1 IS NECESS>Y4 

     

,P]HAPS ONE C\LD NOT DO BETT] 9 ?IS RESPECT ?AN QUOTE ! FOLL[+ EXTRACT FROM AN >TICLE ON ! SUBJECT 9 ! ,SYDNEY 0,MORN+ ,H]ALD0 ( ,JUNE #a#i3 

     

,AFT] PO9T+ \T ?AT 9 0AN IDEAL /ATE ( ?+S ! SAV+S EFFECT$ W\LD BE DI/RIBUT$ BETWE5 ALL ?REE10 CAPITALI/1 WAGE-WORK]1 & CONSUM]1 ! WRIT] LETS ! CAT \T ( ! BAG1 SO F> AS ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM BE+ 0AN IDEAL ,/ATE0 IS CONC]N$1 BY 9=M+ US ?AT3 0,AT ! ,BE?LEHEM ,/EEL ,WORKS WAGES W]E 9CREAS$ #f P] C5T 9 ?IS WAY4 ,! NEW SY/EM ( WORK H]E RAIS$ ! \TPUT ( IRON P] MAN FROM #af TO #ei TONS1 & ! AGGREGATE WAGES BILL1 DESPITE ! 9CREASE 9 ! RATE1 WAS CUT D[N BY AB\T @s#h1 P] ANNUM4 ,! NET RESULT1 AS ,HOBSON PO9TS \T1 WAS 9 ?IS CASE ALL 9 FAVOR ( ! EMPLOY]S40 

     

,:OEV] 0,HOBSON0 MAY BE1 IT WAS SC>CELY NECESS>Y = HIM TO PO9T \T SU* A V]Y OBVI\S FACT4 ,AS WE >E NOT GIV5 ! VALUE ( ! TOTAL WAGES1 OR ! VALUE ( ! AGGREGATE \TPUT1 IT IS IMPOSSIBLE 9 ?IS CASE TO DET]M9E ! RATE ( SURPLUS VALUE 7! PROPORTION ( PR(ITS TO WAGES7 REALIZ$ BY ! EMPLOY]S2 BUT1 NEV]!LESS1 IT IS CLE> ?AT IF ! RATE ( WAGES 9CREAS$ BY #f P] C5T 7:I*1 BY ! WAY1 MAY BE TAK5 ) ! PROV]BIAL GRA9 ( SALT71 & ! AGGREGATE WAGES DECREAS$ BY @s#h11 SOME:]E 9 ! NEI<BORHOOD ( #e P] C5T ( ! WORK]S =M]LY EMPLOY$ W5T TO SWELL ! 0CAPITALI/ RES]VE >MY10 ! UNEMPLOY$4 

     

,?IS IS1 AS A MATT] ( FACT1 H[ EV]Y S*EME = 9T5SIFY+ EXPLOITATION1 :E!R IT BE EUPHONI\SLY CALL$ 0SCI5TIFIC MANAGEM5T0 OR ANY O!R NAME1 MU/ EV5TUALLY1 BY ! NATURAL LAWS ( CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION1 WORK \T4 

     

,LET US ASSUME ?AT ! TOTAL SOCIAL CAPITAL ADVANC$ 9 WAGES = A GIV5 P]IOD BE EQUAL TO #a4 ,IF1 9 ! PROCESS ( PRODUCTION1 VALUES EQUAL TO #b >E PRODUC$ WE HAVE A RATE ( SURPLUS VALUE EQUAL TO #a P] C5T4 7,WE LEAVE ASIDE ! CONSID]ATION ( ! VALUE ( ! RAW MAT]IAL1 ETC41 AS SU* VALUE IS ALWAYS 9CORPORAT$ 9 ! NEW PRODUCT1 &1 !RE=E1 9 ! LONG RUN1 CO/S ! CAPITALI/ NO?+47 

     

,N[ IF1 BY 0SCI5TIFIC MANAGEM5T0 OR O!R S*EMES = 9CREAS+ ! 9T5SITY ( LABOR1 ! TOTAL VALUES PRODUC$ >E 9CREAS$ TO #b#e1 WE HAVE /ILL ! SAME RESULT1 SO F> AS ! MAT]IAL POSITION ( ! WORK] IS CONC]N$1 ONLY ! RATE ( SURPLUS-VALUE1 OR1 TO PUT IT MORE BOLDLY1 ! RATE AT :I* HE IS ROBB$1 HAS 9CREAS$ BY #e P] C5T4 

     

,! CAPITALI/ PLEA = ,9DU/RIAL ,EFFICI5CY !RE=E1 AT BE/1 M]ELY AM\NTS TO SAY+ TO ! WORK]3 0,! MORE Y\ ALL[ ME TO ROB Y\1 ! MORE ( ! PROCE$S ( ! ROBB]Y ,I WILL BE 5ABL$ TO PAY Y\40 ,IF1 H[EV]1 VALUES EQUAL TO #b >E ONLY NE$$ TO SUPPLY ! SOLV5T DEM&1 WE HAVE ! SAME RESULT AS ?AT PO9T$ \T BY ! 0,H]ALD0 SCRIBE 9 ! CASE ( ! ,BE?LEHEM ,/EEL ,WORKS4 ,H& 9 H& ) ! 9CREASE 9 ! 9T5SITY ( LABOR GOES UNEMPLOYM5T1 ) ! />VATION & MIS]Y :I* FOLL[S 9 ITS TRA94 ,& YET WE HAVE 0ECONOMI/S0 :O PRET5D ?AT ! $UCATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS IS !IR FIR/ DESIRE1 & POLITICIANS ( EV]Y /RIPE1 9=M+ US ?AT ! SALVATION ( ! WORK]S LIES 9 9CREAS$ EFFICI5CY6 

     

,IT MAY BE CONT5D$ ?AT1 AS 9 ! CASE ( ! ,BE?LEHEM ,/EEL ,WORKS1 ! WORK]S ACTUALLY EMPLOY$ B5EFIT BY 9CREAS$ WAGES4 ,EV5 ASSUM+ ?IS TO BE ! CASE1 :AT ( IT8 ,! POSITION ( ! WORK+ CLASS AS A :OLE1 IS MORE 9SECURE1 MORE UN/ABLE1 MORE P>L\S ?AN EV]4 ,COMPETITION = JOBS GR[S MORE KE51 UNEMPLOYM5T BECOMES 9T5SIFI$ 9 ALL SPH]ES ( 9DU/RY1 & WAGES ULTIMATELY FALL1 9 CONSEQU5CE1 TO !IR =M] LEVEL4 

     

  

     
        ,I,I4 
     
     

,! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ( PRODUCTION IS CONDITION$ UPON ?REE ESS5TIALS3 ,FIR/1 ! VALUE ( ! RAW MAT]IALS1 WE> & TE> ( MA*9]Y1 ETC41 MU/ BE 9CORPORAT$ 9 ! NEW PRODUCT2 9 ! SECOND PLACE1 ! LABOR] MU/ REPRODUCE ! VALUE ( HIS [N WAGES1 & ?IRDLY1 A SURPLUS OV] & ABOVE ! VALUE ( ! CAPITAL ADVANC$ BY ! CAPITALI/ = ! A=EM5TION$ REQUISITES4 ,UNLESS !SE CONDITIONS >E FULFILL$1 WE HAVE NOT ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ( PRODUCTION1 BUT SOME O!R2 CONSEQU5TLY1 :5 WE HE> RE=M]S1 POLITICIANS & ,LABOR LEAD]S WAIL+ = 09DU/RIAL EFFICI5CY FIR/1 & !N A MORE EQUITABLE DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL?10 ! CRY >ISES EI!R FROM IGNORANCE ( ! ECONOMIC LAWS UND]LY+ CAPITALISM1 OR FROM A DESIRE ON ! P>T ( ?OSE :O KN[ BETT] TO LEAD ! WORK]S 9TO ECONOMIC QUAGMIRES4 

     

,IT MU/ BE OBVI\S AT ONCE ?AT ANY ME?OD = 9CREAS+ SURPLUS VALUE BY 9CREAS$ EFFICI5CY1 LONG] H\RS ( LABOR1 NEW 9V5TIONS1 ETC41 MU/ BE WELCOME TO ! CAPITALI/2 BUT :AT IS NOT SO APP>5T1 & :AT ! ECONOMIC APOLOGI/S ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM LIKE TO CONCEAL1 IS ?AT SU* 9CREASES HAVE NO 9T]NAL RELATION :ATEV] TO ! LAWS GOV]N+ WAGES4 

     

,LABOR-P[] BE+ A COMMODITY1 ITS VALUE1 LIKE ALL O!R COMMODITIES1 IS DET]M9$ BY ITS CO/ ( PRODUCTION1 &1 BE+ SOME:AT 9SEP>ABLE FROM ! LABOR]1 ITS VALUE1 !RE=E1 IS BAS$ ON ! M9IMUM ( ! PHYSICAL MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE4 ,IT MAY RISE ABOVE ?IS M9IMUM1 ACCORD+ TO ! /&>D ( SOCIAL DEVELOPM5T1 ! DEGREE ( ORGANIZ$ RESI/ANCE TO EXPLOITATION1 OR IT MAY FALL BEL[1 AS 9 TIMES ( 9DU/RIAL DEPRESSION1 :5 UNEMPLOYM5T IS RIFE1 & :51 AS FREQU5TLY HAPP5S1 ! WORK]S />VE1 NOT BECAUSE ( 0DECREAS$ EFFICI5CY10 BUT = ! V]Y OPPOSITE REASON1 ?AT ! M>KETS >E GLUTT$ ) ! PRODUCTS ( !IR LABOR4 ,:AT MU/ BE BORNE 9 M9D IS1 & IT IS FULLY CONFIRM$ BY ! 9DU/RIAL HI/ORY ( CAPITALISM1 ?AT ! MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE IS ! DET]M9+ FACTOR1 ! />T+ PO9T FROM :I* ALL FLUCTUATIONS 9 WAGES MU/ BE EXPLA9$1 & NOT AS \R 0,9DU/RIAL ,EFFICI5CY0 EXP]TS W\LD HAVE US BELIEVE1 FROM ! TOTAL PRODUCT ( ! LABOR]4 

     

,H]E IT MI<T BE EXP$I5T TO ASK !SE ADVOCATES ( EFFICI5CY A P]T95T QUE/ION OR TWO4 

     

,IF IT IS A FACT ?AT WAGES >E DET]M9$ BY ! PRODUCTIVITY ( ! LABOR]1 :Y IS IT ?AT 9 ! LA/ HALF-C5TURY1 :5 ! PRODUCTIV5ESS ( LABOR BY NEW DISCOV]IES & 9V5TIONS1 HAS BE5 9CREAS$ A HUNDR$-FOLD1 :5 ) ! MOD]N MEANS ( TRANSPORTATION & COMMUNICATION1 ! NATURAL RES\RCES ( :AT \R =EFA!RS CALL$ 0! 5DS ( ! E>?0 HAVE BE5 BR\<T )9 HELLO+ DI/ANCE1 SO TO SPEAK1 ( ! GREAT C5T]S ( ,EUROPEAN POPULATION--:Y IS IT ?AT ! GREAT MASS ( WORK]S >E /ILL GETT+ BUT ! B>E MEANS ( SUBSI/5CE & LIV+ 9 CON/ANT DREAD ( ! BREAD-L9E8 ,OR1 TO MAKE ! QUE/ION EASI] = \R LOCAL 0ECONOMI/S10 :Y IS IT1 AS ! FIGURES ( ! ,COMMONWEAL? ,/ATI/ICIAN %[1 ?AT ! ,AU/RALIAN WORK] IS RECEIV+ TODAY A SMALL] PROPORTION ( HIS PRODUCT ?AN T5 YE>S AGO1 DESPITE ! FACT ?AT1 AS %[N BY ! SAME /ATI/ICS1 ! LABOR]'S PRODUCTIVITY HAS 9CREAS$ 5ORM\SLY8 

     

,( C\RSE !SE G5TRY1 :OSE HE>TS >E OV]FL[+ ) GOOD 9T5TIONS 787 T[>DS ! WORK+ CLASS WILL TELL US ?AT ?+S %\LD NOT BE SO1 ?AT !RE IS 0ROOM = IMPROVEM5T 9 ! DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL?10 ?AT 0NOBODY SYMPA?IZES ) ! POSITION ( ! WORK]S MORE ?AN ,I DO10 ETC41 ETC42 BUT ALL ?IS IS M]ELY EQUIVAL5T TO SAY+ ?AT ,CAPITALISM %\LD NOT BE ,CAPITALISM2 ?AT ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM ( PRODUCTION %\LD NOT BR+ ALONG ITS [N NATURAL LAWS2 BUT ! WORK]S DO NOT B5EFIT BY ?IS 9SUFF]ABLE HYPOCRISY & PATRONAGE4 ,AS WELL MI<T !Y REGRET ! T5D5CY & DANG] ( A SMOLD]+ VOLCANO TO WORK HAVOC AMONG ! ADJAC5T 9HABITANTS AS SOON AS A C]TA9 DEGREE ( HEAT HAS BE5 REA*$4 ,PI\S VAPOR+S AB\T AN 0IDEAL /ATE ( ?+S0 & :AT ! WORK] 0\<T TO GET0 WON'T ALT] FACTS4 

     

  

     
        ,I,I,I4 
     
     

  

     

,IT IS SOMETIMES CONT5D$ ?AT EV]Y 9CREASE 9 ! EMPLOY]'S PR(ITS 9CREASES HIS AVAILABLE CAPITAL1 &1 !RE=E1 5ABLES HIM TO GIVE EMPLOYM5T TO MORE WAGE-LABOR]S1 BUT ?IS PLEA1 AS ALREADY 9DICAT$1 IS M]ELY A CASE ( ROBB+ ,PET] TO PAY ,PAUL4 ,!RE IS ANO!R ASPECT ( ! QUE/ION1 H[EV]4 ,) ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! ,TRU/1 PRODUCTION1 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! ECONOMIC DEM&1 IS MORE & MORE BE+ REGULAT$1 ALWAYS KEEP+ 9 M9D1 ( C\RSE1 ! SOLV5T DEM&4 ,AS ! ,TRU/ DEVELOPS1 !RE=E1 !RE WILL BE AN 9CREAS+ T5D5CY TO CONV]T ONLY ?AT PORTION ( ! PRODUCTS ( LABOR 9TO CAPITAL :I* IS ACTUALLY NE$$ TO SUPPLY ! ECONOMIC REQUIREM5TS ( SOCIETY2 H5CE1 EV]Y 9CREASE 9 ! 9T5SITY ( LABOR1 EV]Y ME?OD = 9CREAS+ ! TOTAL PRODUCT1 09DU/RIAL EFFICI5CY10 9 A WORD1 :I* IS SO DE> TO ! HE>TS ( \R EXPLOIT]S1 WILL HAVE ! V]Y OPPOSITE EFFECT TO ?AT CLAIM$ = IT1 AS A LESS] QUANTITY ( ?AT PORTION ( CAPITAL ADVANC$ AS WAGES WILL BE REQUIR$4 

     

,SO F> AS ?OSE SPH]ES ( 9DU/RY >E CONC]N$1 9 :I* ! ,TRU/ HAS NOT YET F\ND A FOOT+1 ! FUTURE ( ! WORK] IS NO LESS PREC>I\S--ASSUM+1 ( C\RSE1 ?AT ! LITTLE S*EMES ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASS & !IR EFFICI5CY EXP]TS >E ALL[$ TO COME TO MATURITY4 ,! HI/ORY ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM AF=DS MANY ILLU/RATIONS ( H[ BL9D COMPETITION AMONG CAPITALI/S1 ) ! RESULTANT PH5OM5ON ( OV]-PRODUCTION1 AFFECTS ! ECONOMIC & SOCIAL WELL-BE+ ( ! WORK]S4 

     

,M>X ?R[S A FLOOD ( LI<T ON ?IS QUE/ION ( OV]PRODUCTION 9 HIS ?IRD VOLUME ( 0,CAPITAL0 9 DEAL+ ) ! COTTON CRISIS 9 ,LANCA%IRE FOLL[+ ! YE> #a#h#f4 ,MANY AU?ORITIES /ATE ?AT MORE COTTON GOODS W]E PRODUC$ 9 ?AT YE> ?AN W]E ABSORB$ BY ! WORLD'S M>KETS 9 ! FOLL[+ ?REE4 ,AS A RESULT1 OV] #e P] C5T ( ! WORK]S W]E ?R[N \T ( EMPLOYM5T2 ?OSE ACTUALLY EMPLOY$ W]E OBLIG$ TO (F] !MSELVES = ANY WAGES ! MANUFACTUR]S 9 !IR B5EVOL5CE (F]$1 #d OR #e %ILL+S 7@s4#i#f OR @s#a4#b7 P] WEEK BE+ CONSID]$ SOME?+ ABOVE ! ORD9>Y2 Y\NG GIRLS LEFT ! FACTORIES BECAUSE !Y C\LD NOT E>N AS MU* AS ONE %ILL+ P] WEEK1 & BEGG$ TO BE TAK5 9TO ! *>ITABLE 9/ITUTIONS4 ,ONE FACTORY 9SPECTOR REPORT$ ?AT 0HAD 9=MATION CONC]N+ SELF-ACT+ M9D]S1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 M5 :O OP]ATE A FEW SELF-ACTORS1 :O HAD E>N$ #h_/#a#a 7@s#b4#a#d7 AFT] F\RTE5 DAYS ( FULL EMPLOYM5T1 & !IR H\SE-R5T WAS D$UCT$ FROM ?IS SUM4 ,! MANUFACTUR] RETURN$ ONE-HALF ( ?IS R5T TO !M AS A GIFT40 ,M>X P>5!TICALLY REM>KS1 0H[ G5]\S60 ,?\S&S W]E OBLIG$ TO ACCEPT EMPLOYM5T ON RELIEF WORK AT 0A B>E ORD9>Y *>ITY SUM10 ?OSE BE+ LUCKY 5\< TO OBTA9 SU* WORK GETT+ ! MAGNIFIC5T WAGES ( FROM #e TO #ab %ILL+S 7@s#a4#b TO @s#b4#h#h7 P] WEEK1 ?IS LA/ M5TION$ AM\NT ONLY BE+ GIV5 TO M5 ) FAMILIES ( EI<T6 

     

0,IT WAS10 SAYS ,M>X1 09 A WAY1 A GOLD5 AGE = ! MANUFACTUR]S1 = ! LABOR]S HAD EI!R TO />VE OR WORK AT ANY PRICE PR(ITABLE = ! B\RGEOIS4 ,! ,ASSI/ANCE ,COMMITTEE ACT$ AS WAT*-DOGS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME ! MANUFACTUR]S1 9 SECRET AGREEM5T ) ! ,GOV]NM5T1 H9D]$ EMIGRATION AS MU* AS POSSIBLE1 EI!R = ! PURPOSE ( HAV+ !IR CAPITAL1 9VE/$ 9 ! FLE% & BLOOD ( ! LABOR]S1 READY AT H&1 OR ( SAFE-GU>D+ ! SQUEEZ+ ( R5T \T ( ! LABOR]S40 

     

,TO :AT DOES ALL ?IS PO9T8 ,UNMI/AKABLY TO ! FACT ?AT EV]Y M9UTE WORK$ BY ! COTTON OP]ATIVES1 OV] & ABOVE ! TIME ACTUALLY REQUIR$ TO REPRODUCE !IR WAGES1 EV]Y TIME A WORK] HA/5$ ACROSS ! FLOOR ( ! FACTORY :5 HE MI<T HAVE WALK$ MORE LEISURELY1 EV]Y TIME A MA*9E WAS OIL$1 :5 IT \<T TO BE ALL[$ TO RUN HOT1 EV]Y DEVICE ( ! CAPITALI/ = IMPROV+ EFFICI5CY1 BUT HA/5$ ! COM+ ( ! TIME :5 ! WORK]S %\LD F9D !MSELVES ON ! /REET CORN]1 ! UNPITI$ WRET*ES ( A SY/EM ?AT REW>DS !M = !IR 9DU/RY BY />V+ !M4 

     

0,BUT10 SOMEONE WILL SAY1 0?IS WAS 9 ! SIXTIES40 ,CAPITALISM HAS NOT *ANG$ ITS NATURE S9CE4 ,:ATEV] RE/RA9T MAY HAVE BE5 PLAC$ ON ! ,BEA/ S9CE ?OSE DAYS--& IT DOES NOT AM\NT TO MU*--HIS NATURAL T5D5CY IS /ILL TO RUN AMOK1 & ! ADVOCATES ( 0EFFICI5CY0 >E JU/ ! G5TLEM5 :O DESIRE ! WORK]S TO SLACK5 !IR HOLD ON ! RE9S4 ,BESIDES1 IF IT W]E NECESS>Y1 NUM]\S OCCURR5CES ( LATE YE>S C\LD BE GIV5 AS AN EXAMPLE ( ! EFFECTS ( OV]-PRODUCTION1 ITS DEMORALIZ+ EFFECTS UPON ! CONDITION ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,! READ] PROBABLY WILL D\BTLESS RECALL SOME 9/ANCES 9 :I* HE HIMSELF WAS P]IL\SLY NE> ! BREAD-L9E AFT] ! BOSS HAD 9=M$ HIM 0! JOB WAS F9I%$0 OR 0TIMES W]E SLACK40 ,5\< HAS BE5 SAID TO %[ ?AT :]E COMPETITION REIGNS 9 PRODUCTION1 EV]Y WAIL = 9DU/RIAL EFFICI5CY ON ! P>T ( ! MA/] CLASS & !IR SATELLITES IS AT BOTTOM BUT A CRY = MORE PR(ITS1 & %\LD S\ND A NOTE ( W>N+ TO ! WORK]S IF AN 9CREAS$ PROPORTION ( !IR NUMB]S IS NOT TO BE DUMP$ ON ! HUMAN SCRAP-HEAP4 

     

  

     
        ,I,V4 
     
     

  

     

,TO ! /UD5T ( ECONOMIC DEVELOPM5T1 ?IS L\DLY MANIFE/$ ANXIETY ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASS = PRODUCTIVE EFFICI5CY COMES AS NO SURPRISE4 ,! RAPIDITY ) :I* ,JAPAN1 ,S\? ,AM]ICA & O!R HI!RTO BACKW>D C\NTRIES1 HAVE 5T]$ 9TO ! >5A ( CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION IS1 :]EV] 9DU/RY IS NOT 9T]NATIONALLY TRU/IFI$1 5G5D]+ AN EV] KE5] COMPETITION = M>KETS BETWE5 ! CAPITALI/S ( ! V>I\S C\NTRIES1 & ! KUDOS WILL NATURALLY GRAVITATE T[>DS ?AT C\NTRY :]E EFFICI5CY HAS REA*$ ! HI<E/ PIT*2 9 O!R WORDS1 ! C\NTRY :]E 0SCI5TIFIC MANAGEM5T ( ! HUMAN FACTOR10 AS ! 0,H]ALD0 EXPRESSES1 HAS 9CREAS$ ! RATE ( SURPLUS VALUE ABOVE ALL O!RS4 

     

,UN=TUNATELY1 9 ,AU/RALIA /ATI/ICAL RETURNS GIVE US BUT A B>E 9DICATION ( :AT ?AT RATE MAY BE 9 ?IS C\NTRY4 ,! FIGURES = ! MANUFACTUR+ 9DU/RIES 9 #a#i#a#c1 = 9/ANCE1 TELL US 7& IT MU/ NOT BE =GOTT5 ?AT ! /ATI/ICIAN IS MORE OR LESS DEP5D5T UPON ! GOOD FAI? ( ! MANUFACTUR]S7 ?AT ! VALUE ADD$ 9 ! LABOR PROCESS TO ! MAT]IALS ( PRODUCTION WAS #fe MILLIONS1 & ! TOTAL WAGES PAID #cc MILLIONS4 ,AT FIR/ GLANCE ?IS W\LD 9DICATE A RATE ( SURPLUS VALUE ( APPROXIMATELY #a P] C5T4 ,BUT ! CAPITAL ADVANC$ AS WAGES MAY NOT HAVE BE5 ONE-FIF? ( #cc MILLION P\NDS4 ,IT DEP5DS1 AMONG O!R ?+S1 UPON ! TURN-OV]4 

     

,LET US TAKE A SIMPLE ILLU/RATION3 ,I 9VE/ A CAPITAL ( ,G,B,P#b PRODUCTIVE 9DU/RY1 ,G,B,P#a = RAW MAT]IAL--! FUR!R CONSID]ATION ( :I* IS IMMAT]IAL = ! PRES5T >GUM5T--& ,G,B,P#a AS CAPITAL RES]V$ = WAGES4 ,ASSUM+ ! CAPITAL IS TURN$ OV] F\R TIMES A YE>1 & ?AT ! VALUE ADD$ 9 ! LABOR PROCESS1 AS 9 ,AU/RALIAN MANUFACTURES1 EXCE$S WAGES BY #a P] C5T1 AT ! 5D ( ?REE MON?S ,I REALIZE ! TOTAL CAPITAL ADVANC$ AS WAGES1 ) AN ADDITIONAL VALUE ( ,G,B,P#a4 ,! PROCESS IS REPEAT$ 9 ! SECOND1 ?IRD & F\R? QU>T]S ( ! YE>1 AT ! 5D ( :I*1 ) A SMILE ( COMPLAC5CY AT MY MUNIFIC5CE1 ,I H& ! ,GOV]NM5T (FICIAL1 :OSE BUS9ESS IT IS TO COLLECT SU* DATA1 A RETURN BE>+ ! ITEMS1 0WAGES PAID1 ,G,B,P#d10 0VALUE ADD$ BY MANUFACTURE1 ,G,B,P#h40 ,! FIGURES >E DULY PUBLI%$ 9 ! CAPITALI/ PRESS1 & ! WAGES BILL IS EXCLUSIVELY DWELT UPON TO ! EXCLUSION ( ALL ELSE2 ! WORK]S >E CA/IGAT$ = 0TRY+ TO CRIPPLE 9DU/RY10 & LEAD+ >TICLES & SPEE*ES ON 0,9DU/RIAL ,EFFIC5CY.<SIC.>10 IF ! SAME WAGES >E TO BE MA9TA9$1 >E ! ORD] ( ! DAY4 ,I W9K ! O!R EYE1 = DEEP D[N 9 ! BUS9ESS DEP>TM5T ( MY CAPITALI/IC HE>T ,I KN[ ?AT ! TOTAL CAPITAL ADVANC$ BY ME AS WAGES DID NOT EXCE$ ,G,B,P#a AT ANY P]IOD DUR+ ! YE>1 & ! RATE ( SURPLUS VALUE WAS1 !RE=E1 9 REALITY1 NOT #a P] C5T1 BUT #d4 ,I BEGAN ! OLD YE> ) A CAPITAL ( ,G,B,P#a RES]V$ = WAGES4 ,I 5T] ! NEW ) ! SAME CAPITAL1 AFT] ALL DEAD EXP5SES HAVE BE5 MET1 & A NICE LITTLE BONUS UNGRUDG+LY H&$ OV] TO ME BY ! WORK]S1 :O >E DULY GRATEFUL = MY BE+ SO K9D AS TO GIVE !M-WORK6 ,!Y WILL BE GIV5 0WORK0 TILL ET]NITY1 PROVID$ !Y GIVE ME1 AS =M]LY1 ! PRODUCT4 ,NAY1 ,I MAY ALSO 7PROVID$ ! SLAVE M>KET IS ABUNDANTLY /OCK$1 9 CASE ( TR\BLE7 TAKE ! TIP ( MY 0ECONOMIC EXP]TS0 & PUT ! /OP-WAT* & C9EMATOGRAPH ON !IR MOVEM5TS1 9 ORD] ?AT SOME ( !M MAY D\BLY APPRECIATE ! 0B5EFITS0 ( WORK :5 !Y F9D !MSELVES UNEMPLOY$ AS A CONSEQU5CE ( MY 0SCI5TIFIC MANAGEM5T40 

     

,IS NOT ?IS ! GAME ?AT IS BE+ PLAY$ BE=E ! WORK]S' EYES AT ?IS MOM5T8 ,:AT IS ! SOLUTION8 0,ONE ,BIG ,UNION10 REPLIES SOME ONE4 ,BUT ,ONE ,BIG ,UNION WON'T MAT]IALIZE 9 A DAY4 ,! ANTIDOTE TO ! 0,9DU/RIAL ,EFFICI5CY0 CRY LIES 9 AN IMM$IATE AGITATION = A %ORT] WORK-DAY1 COMB9$ ) ! 9TELLIG5T ADOPTION ( CA' CANNY1 0GO EASY0 & O!R ME?ODS ( SABOTAGE ON ! JOB4 ,?IS IS VITALLY NECESS>Y = ALL WORK]S1 IRRESPECTIVE ( !IR BELIEFS AS TO ME?ODS ( ORGANIZATION1 POLITICAL1 RELIGI\S OR RACIAL PREJUDICES4 ,! ,SURPLUS ,VALUE ( ! CAPITALI/ CLASS MU/ BE CURTAIL$1 = ITS EV]Y 9CREASE /R5G!NS ! BONDS ( SLAV]Y4 ,ONE ,BIG ,UNION ALONE CAN 5TIRELY /RIKE (F ! %ACKLES4 

     

,! MA/] CLASS >E FULLY ALIVE TO ! SITUATION1 &1 :ILE !Y >E AT ?IS P>TICUL> JUNCTURE PREY+ ON ! WORK]S' CR$ULITY ) ! HYPOCRITICAL CRY ( 0NO CLASSES10 !Y >E 9SIDI\SLY & UNSCRUPUL\SLY LAY+ !IR PLANS = ! PROSECUTION ( ! CLASS W> ) !IR USUAL BRUTAL DISREG>D = ! WORK]S' WELF>E4 ,LET US REMEMB]1 !N1 ?AT DEVOLUTION IS POSSIBLE 9 HUMAN SOCIETY AS WELL AS EVOLUTION1 ?AT DET]IORATION MU/ AS SURELY FOLL[ APA?Y AS PROGRESS 9 \R MAT]IAL CONDITIONS WILL FOLL[ 9TELLIG5T AGITATION & ACTION4 0,SCI5TIFIC ,MANAGEM5T0 MU/ BE MET BY 0,SCI5TIFIC ,SABOTAGE0 IF ! 0,LAW ( ,PROGRESS0 IS NOT A LAW ( :I* ! BOSS IS TO BE LEFT A MONOPOLY4 

     

7,NOTE4--,S9CE ! ABOVE WAS WRITT51 EV5TS BR\<T AB\T BY ! W> 9DICATE ?AT ! RUL+ CLASS IS DET]M9$ TO HAVE 09CREAS$ EFFICI5CY0 9 ! WORK%OP1 EV5 IF IT HAS TO BE 5=C$ AT ! PO9T ( ! BAYONET47 

     

,! ,MUNITIONS ,ACT 9 ,5GL& IS A NEW MOVE 9 ?IS DIRECTION1 & :ILE ! W> MAY BE ! IMM$IATE CAUSE ( ! 9TRODUCTION ( ?IS ,ACT1 !RE CAN SC>CELY BE A D\BT ?AT IF IT BECOMES JU/IFI$ FROM ! EFFICI5CY /&PO9T1 ! PR9CIPLE ( COMPULSION1 :I* MEANS NO MORE NOR LESS ?AN 9DU/RIAL CONSCRIPTION1 HAS COME TO /AY 9 9DU/RY1 SO F> AS ! MA/] CLASS IS CONC]N$4 

     

,ALL ?IS GOES ONCE MORE TO %[ :AT ! ,I4 ,W4 ,W4 UNCEAS+LY TEA*ES1 ?AT ! W> AGA9/ EXPLOITATION MU/ ( NECESSITY 9 ! FUTURE BE C>RI$ \T ON ! JOB4 ,EV]Y NEW MOVE ( ! MA/] CLASS TO 9CREASE ! 9T5SITY ( LABOR1 & !REBY ! TOTAL PRODUCT1 CALLS = A C\NT] MOVE & NEW TACTICS ON ! P>T ( ! WORK]S RI<T :]E SU* PRODUCTS >E CREAT$4 

     

,?IS IS B\ND TO RAISE A H[L ( EXECRATION FROM ! EFFICI5CY EXP]TS2 BUT ! REVOLT ( ! ,S\? ,WALES M9]S AT PRES5T 9 PROGRESS AF=DS A /RIK+ ILLU/RATION ( ! HYPOCRISY & FALSEHOOD ( !IR ECONOMIC TEA*+1 %[+ CONCLUSIVELY ?AT ?\< ! WORK]S' \TPUT BE EV] SO L>GE1 !Y HAVE TO FI<T /UBBORNLY = EV]Y C5T WRE/$ FROM ! RAPACI\S H& ( ! CLASS ALONE :I* B5EFITS BY EFFICI5CY4 

     

,?IS /RIKE ALSO %[S ?AT1 DESPITE ! *LOR(ORM+ PROP5SITIES ( W>-MAD J+OES1 ! 9/9CT ( ! WORK]S IS1 AT BOTTOM1 CORRECT1 & AF=DS A BETT] CRIT]ION ( :AT CON/ITUTES ECONOMIC TRU? ?AN ALL ! !ORIZ+ ( ! SPECTACL$ 0EXP]TS0 :O /UDY ! PRODUCTION & DI/RIBUTION ( WEAL?1 & ! CLASS /RUGGLE >IS+ !REFROM1 FROM ! COM=TABLE DEP?S ( AN >M-*AIR4 

     

,IT IS MANIFE/ ?AT ! W> MU/ CAUSE A CONSID]ABLE %ORTAGE ( LABOR-P[] 9 ! M>KET :5 PEACE IS AGA9 RE/OR$1 AS COMP>$ ) ! PREVI\S SUPPLY4 ,EV]Y POSSIBLE EF=T IS !RE=E GO+ TO BE MADE TO GET ! LA/ \NCE ( VALUE \T ( ! LABOR-P[] AVAILABLE1 & ?AT ! MA/] CLASS IS FULLY ALIVE TO ! OCCASION ! FOLL[+ CABLE FROM A REC5T ISSUE ( ! 0,SUN0 AMPLY PROVES3-- 

     

  

     
        ,S,C,I,5,C,E ,9 ,9,D,U,/,R,Y4 

        ,A,N ,I,M,P,O,R,T,A,N,T ,M,O,V,E,M,5,T4 

        7,PUBLI%$ 9 ! ,TIMES47 

        ,L,O,N,D,O,N1 ,TUESDAY1 
     
     

  

     

,A ,GOV]NM5T ,:ITE ,PAP] \TL9ES A S*EME ( ORGANIZ+.<SIC.> & DEVELOP+ 9DU/RIAL SCI5TIFIC RESE>* ) ! OBJECT ( E/ABLI%+ A P]MAN5T BODY CONSI/+ ( A ,PRIVY ,C\NCIL COMMITTEE1 ) A SMALL ADVISORY C\NCIL1 ! ,PRIVY ,C\NCIL COMMITTEE TO 9CLUDE ! ,LORD ,PRESID5T1 ! ,*ANCELLOR ( ! ,EX*EQU]1 ! ,SECRET>Y = ,SCOTL&1 ! ,PRESID5TS ( ! ,BO>DS ( ,TRADE & ,$UCATION1 ,LORD ,HALDANE1 ,MR4 ,A4 ,H4 ,DYKE ,ACL&1 & ,MR4 ,PIKE ,PEASE4 

     

,! ADVISORY C\NCIL IS TO CONSI/ ( ! BE/ SCI5TIFIC BRA9S ( ! C\NTRY1 & ITS SCOPE WILL BE TO PROMOTE & ORGANIZE.<SIC.> SCI5TIFIC RESE>* 9 TRADES & 9DU/RY1 P>TICUL>LY 9 REG>D TO ?OSE SUFF]+ ?R\< 9ABILITY TO REPRODUCE TRADE PROCESSES :I* >E LOCALIZ$ ABROAD1 PR9CIPALLY 9 ,G]MANY4 

     

,?IS IS SIGNIFICANT :5 JUDG$ 9 CONJUNCTION ) ! CLAMOR = EFFICI5CY1 N[ A DAILY FEATURE 9 ! CAPITALI/ PRESS4 ,A %9+ LI<T ( ?AT PET ORGANIZATION ( CAPITALI/S1 KN[N AS ! ,WORK]S' ,$UCATIONAL ,ASSOCIATION1 ONLY REC5TLY LET HIMSELF GO TO ! EXT5T ( A ?IRD ( A COLUMN 9 ! ,SYDNEY 0,H]ALD10 PO9T+ \T ?AT ! P5SION+ ( 0ONE->M$1 ONE-LEGG$1 ONE-EY$ & /IFF-JO9T$ SOLDI]S10 :5 !Y \<T TO BE EMPLOY$ 9 9DU/RY1 WAS A %AMEFUL WA/E ( 0PRODUCTIVE 5]GY40 

     

,!RE >ISES TOO A L\D] & BOLD] DEM& = FEMALE & *ILD LABOR 9 NE>LY ALL BRAN*ES ( 9DU/RY4 ,! 0,WEEKLY ,TRADE ,REPORT10 ! PRIVATE ORGAN ( ! ,M]*ANTS' & ,TRAD]S' ,ASSOCIATION ( ,AU/RALASIA1 NOT MANY WEEKS AGO1 = 9/ANCE1 BRAZ5LY DECL>$ ?AT FACTORY LEGISLATION MU/ BE ?RU/ ASIDE1 ?AT1 :ATEV] ! UNIONS MAY DO1 EMPLOY]S MU/ BE ALL[$ TO TAKE ADVANTAGE ( 0WOM51 BOYS & GIRLS :O >E WILL+ 767 TO WORK = L[ WAGES & LONG H\RS60 

     

,WORK]S W\LD1 !RE=E1 DO WELL TO HE>K5 TO ! MA/]S' BATTLE-CRY1 A CRY = !IR SWEAT & BLOOD1 & RECOGNIZE ?AT ! REAL 9DU/RIAL /RUGGLES ( ! CLASS W> HAVE YET TO BE F\<T4 ,! VACILLAT+ & COMPROMIS+ POLICY ( ,TRADE ,UNIONISM WILL NO LONG] SUFFICE4 ,A VIRILE ORGANIZATION KN[+ NO LAW BUT ?AT ( EXP$I5CY1 READY AT ALL TIMES & BY ! ADOPTION ( ANY MEANS1 TO ADVANCE ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 IS AN ABSOLUTE NECESSITY1 IF WE >E NOT TO S9K 9TO A SLAV]Y MORE DAMNABLE ?AN ANY ?AT HI/ORY KN[S (4--,T4 ,G4 

    ,! ,DIESEL ,MOTOR4 
     
         
    ,BY ,B>B>A ,LILY ,FRANK5?AL 
     
         
     

,DAY BY DAY MORE ( ! WORK ( ! WORLD IS TAK5 UP BY MA*9]Y4 ,9 A BULLET9 REC5TLY ISSU$ BY ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ,GOV]NM5T1 IT IS E/IMAT$ ?AT F\R & ONE-HALF MILLION FACTORY H&S ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES TURN \T A PRODUCT EQUAL TO ! H& LABOR ( =TY-FIVE MILLION M54 

     

,?IS MEANS ?AT #i P] C5T4 ( ! WORK 9 ! FACTORIES IS DONE BY MA*9]Y1 OR ?AT ONE MAN1 ) ! HELP ( MA*9ES1 IS 5ABL$ TO PRODUCE T5 TIMES MORE ?AN HE NE$S2 9 O!R WORDS1 TO SATISFY ! WANTS ( ONE MAN = ONE DAY1 A FACTORY WORK] REQUIRES ONLY ONE H\R1 9/EAD ( T51 AS HE IS WORK+ N[4 ,= :OM DOES HE WORK ! REMA9+ N9E H\RS8 

     

,! BANK]S1 BROK]S1 M]*ANTS1 SOLDI]S & ! :OLE GANG ( P>ASITES DO NOT PRODUCE ONE DAY'S NE$ 9 !IR :OLE LIFETIME2 !Y MAKE MONEY1 BUT DO NOT CREATE WEAL?4 ,BUT1 ONE MI<T SAY1 ! CAPITALI/S FURNI% ! MA*9ES4 ,BUT IT WAS ! /EEL MILL WORK]S :O DID ?AT4 ,! CAPITALI/S KEEP !M ALIVE :ILE !Y >E BUILD+ ! MA*9ES & !N TAKE ! MA*9ES AWAY FROM ! WORK]S1 BY P[] ( POLICE1 IF NECESS>Y4 

     

,BUT TO COME BACK TO ! /ORY4 ,A V]Y L>GE P>T ( ! MA*9]Y 9 USE IS DRIV5 BY /EAM P[]1 :I* MEANS L>GELY COAL P[]1 & BO? ! GETT+ & ! BURN+ ( ?IS COAL 9VOLVES A T]RIBLE WA/E ( HUMAN LABOR4 

     

,FIR/ ! COAL IS DUG FROM ! M9ES1 :]E ONE-?IRD ( IT IS LO/ OR LEFT 9 SU* %APE ?AT IT CANNOT BE US$4 ,AFT] BE+ BR\<T TO DAYLI<T1 IT IS %IPP$ BY RAILROADS OR %IPS1 SOMETIMES ?\S&S ( MILES BE=E IT COMES TO ! /EAM 5G9E4 ,H]E IT IS %OVEL$ & BURN$ B5EA? ! BOIL] TO TRANS=M ! WAT] 9TO /EAM1 BY :I* OP]ATION P]HAPS #i P] C5T4 ( ! HEAT ESCAPES UNUS$ ?R\< ! *IMNEYS4 

     

,! /EAM IS L$ 9TO ! CYL9D] TO GIVE ! PI/ON ! TO-&-FRO MOVEM5T ?R\< ITS EXPANSIVE 5]GY1 !REBY TURN+ ! P[] :EEL4 ,IT SO HAPP5S ?AT ORD9>ILY NOT MORE ?AN FIVE P] C5T4 ( ! /OR$ 5]GY 9 ! COAL BECOMES AVAILABLE = HUMAN NE$S4 ,EV5 ! F9E/ QUADRUPLE-EXPANSION 5G9ES ) ALL ! MOD]N DEVICES = SUP]HEAT$ /EAM1 ETC41 TO AUGM5T !IR CAPACITY1 DO NOT USE MORE ?AN #ae P] C5T4 

     

,BY F> A GREAT] ADVANCE IS REPRES5T$ BY ! GAS 5G9ES1 9 :I*1 BY FIR/ TURN+ ! COAL 9TO GAS & !N EXPLOD+ ?IS 9 ! MOTORS1 MORE ?AN D\BLE ! AM\NT ( 5]GY N[ BECOMES AVAILABLE4 ,9 ! BE/ TYPES ( GAS 5G9ES ! YIELD RISES AS HI< AS #be P] C5T42 & 9 ,G]MANY ! RESIDUAL PRODUCTS FROM TURN+ ! COAL 9TO GAS F> MORE ?AN PAY ! CO/ ( DO+ ?IS1 SO ?AT ! GA9 IS CLE>4 ,BUT ALL ?IS IS COMM]CIALLY FEASIBLE ONLY 9 ! GREAT MANUFACTUR+ C5T]S & ! CITIES1 &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 ! GAS 5G9E1 9 SPITE ( ! GREAT SAV+ IT A*IEVES1 HAS YET BUT A RE/RICT$ FIELD4 

     

,= QUITE O!R REASONS ! SAME IS TRUE ( ! GASOL9E1 B5Z9E & SIMIL> MOTORS SU* AS >E US$ 9 AUTOMOBILES4 ,H]E ! PRICE ( PETROL IS ALMO/ PROHIBITIVE = COMM]CIAL PURPOSES & HAS BECOME 9CREAS+LY SO ) ! 5ORM\S EXT5SION ( ! USE ( MOTOR C>S4 

     

,H[EV]1 WE >E N[ ON ! EVE ( A NEW EPO* 9 ?IS L9E ?R\< ! 9V5TION ( ,DR4 ,RUDOLPH ,DIESEL1 ! ,G]MAN 5G9E]1 :O SO MY/]I\SLY DISAPPE>$ LA/ ,OCTOB] ON HIS VOYAGE TO ,5GL&4 

     

,IT IS N[ #b YE>S S9CE ,DR4 ,DIESEL PUBLI%$ ! FIR/ SKET* ( HIS REM>KABLE !ORY & ( ! MOTOR :I* WAS TO REALIZE HIS IDEA4 ,! MOTOR IS SIMPLICITY ITSELF4 ,EV]Y S*OOLBOY KN[S ?AT IF AIR IS COMPRESS$ V]Y %>PLY IT BECOMES HOT & CAN BE US$ TO EXPLODE P[D]1 ETC41 9 A TUBE4 ,DR4 ,DIESEL'S PLAN WAS TO USE ! /ROKE ( ! PI/ON TO COMPRESS A CONSID]ABLE VOLUME ( AIR 9TO A V]Y SMALL SPACE1 SO AS TO PUT IT UND] A V]Y HI< PRESSURE2 & AT ! 9/ANT ! PRESSURE REA*$ A MAXIMUM1 TO =CE 9TO ?IS *AMB] A JET ( VAPORIZ$ OIL4 ,! COMPRESSION WAS TO BE SO HI< ?AT ! AIR W\LD 9/ANTLY IGNITE ! OIL & BURN IT UND] HI<LY FAVORABLE CONDITIONS4 ,IT IS A TRUE BURN+1 & NOT AN EXPLOSION1 AS 9 ! ORD9>Y GASOL9E MOTOR ( ! AUTOMOBILES4 ,HIS IDEA WAS TAK5 UP BY SOME ( ! 5G9E WORKS 9 ,G]MANY1 BUT IT REQUIR$ FULLY F\R YE>S TO EFFECT A COMM]CIAL DEVICE4 ,! SUP]IORITY ( ! NEW MOTOR WAS EVID5T FROM ! FIR/4 ,ACTUALLY IT REALIZ$ A FULL ?IRD ( ! !ORETICAL HEAT 5]GY ( ! OIL1 & ?IS LATT] DID NOT NE$ TO BE GASOL9E OR O!R EXP5SIVE ESS5CE1 BUT C\LD BE ORD9>Y CRUDE OIL1 SU* AS COMES \T ( ! E>?4 ,! DEVICE IS SELF-IGNIT+1 REQUIRES NO AUXILI>Y SY/EM & LITTLE OR NO ATT5TION4 

     

,IT WAS SOON F\ND1 H[EV]1 ?AT ! NEW MOTOR HAD TO BE MADE ) EXCEPTIONAL C>E1 & ?AT1 !RE=E1 ! CO/ ( ITS DEVELOPM5T = COMM]CIAL USE WAS HI<4 ,! FACT ?AT CAPITALI/S >E NOT 9T]E/$ 9 PROGRESS AS SU*1 BUT 9 PR(IT1 EXPLA9S :Y IT IS ?AT1 9 SPITE ( ! GREAT ECONOMIES IT A*IEVES1 ! ,DIESEL MOTOR IS N[ ONLY BECOM+ WIDELY KN[N4 

     

,9 ,G]MANY1 AT ! CURR5T PRICE ( CRUDE OIL1 ! ,DIESEL MOTOR PRODUCES P[] AT FROM A QU>T] TO A HALF C5T P] HORSE-P[]-H\R4 ,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ! CO/ IS RA!R LESS4 ,?IS IS F> BEYOND ! ECONOMY ( ANY O!R =M ( 5G9E1 & F\R OR FIVE TIMES *EAP] ?AN ! ORD9>Y /EAM 5G9E4 ,ITS ONLY CONCURR5T IS WAT]P[]1 & WAT]P[] IS NOT EV]Y:]E AVAILABLE1 & (T5 REQUIRES A HEAVY \TLAY ?AT IT MAY BE UTILIZ$4 ,CRUDE OIL1 ON ! O!R H&1 MAY BE %IPP$ & /OR$ MU* MORE EASILY ?AN COAL1 & ! SUPPLY ( IT IS V]Y L>GE & WIDELY DI/RIBUT$ OV] ! E>?4 

     

,! ESCAP+ HOT GAS FROM ! ,DIESEL MOTOR CAN BE EMPLOY$ = HEAT+1 & ! BYPRODUCTS :I* CAN BE OBTA9$ FROM IT WILL1 IT IS E/IMAT$1 UND] PROP] CONDITIONS1 MORE ?AN COV] ! CO/ ( ! ORIG9AL FUEL1 SO ?AT ! ,DIESEL MOTOR PROMISES TO RIVAL ! WAT]FALL 9 FUTURE AS A PRODUC] ( ! WORLD'S P[]4 ,LIKE ! WAT]FALL1 IT WILL1 UND] ! MO/ FAVORABLE CONDITIONS1 MEAN ?AT ! EXP5SE WILL BE SIMPLY ! FIX$ *>GES ( A PLANT & ! CO/ ( MA9T5ANCE4 

     

,IT IS ALREADY EVID5T ?AT ! ,DIESEL MOTOR WILL L>GELY DISPLACE /EAM & ?IS WILL FIR/ MAKE ITSELF FELT UPON ! %IPS1 NOT M]ELY BECAUSE IT REALIZES F\R OR FIVE TIMES ! P[] FROM ! AM\NT OR VOLUME ( FUEL1 BUT IT ONLY OCCUPIES1 TOGE!R ) ! MOTOR1 AB\T A QU>T] ( ! SPACE REQUIR$ = A /EAM 5G9E & ITS BOIL]S & COAL BUNK]S4 ,?IS NEW MOTOR HAS BE5 SUCCESSFULLY TRI$ ON RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES & EXP]IM5TS >E UND] WAY ) A VIEW TO 9TRODUCE IT = DRIV+ AUTOMOBILES4 ,MO/ ( ! LEAD+ 5G9E WORKS 9 ,EUROPE HAVE TAK5 UP ! CON/RUCTION ( ! ,DIESEL MOTOR 9 ALL SIZES4 ,A L>GE NUMB] ( MIDDLE-SIZ$ %IPS & V>I\S MUNICIPAL P[] PLANTS >E ALREADY DRIV5 BY IT4 ,9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES A P[]FUL COMPANY HAS JU/ BE5 ORGANIZ$ = ! PURPOSE ( CON/RUCT+ !SE MOTORS1 & ! ,G5]AL ,PETROLEUM ,COMPANY 9 ,CALI=NIA IS GO+ TO ]ECT A PLANT 9 ,SAN ,FRANCISO.<SIC.> = ! CON/RUCTION ( MOTOR %IPS = ! COA/WISE TRADE1 :I*1 ( C\RSE1 WILL =CE ! [N]S ( /EAM]S TO FOLL[4 

     

,9DE$1 ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! CRUDE-OIL & COAL-T> 9DU/RY HAS BE5 SO RAPID ?AT ! RUNN+ ( A ,DIESEL MOTOR MAY BECOME A S\RCE ( PR(IT SUFFICI5T TO COV] ALL *>GES1 & WILL ACTUALLY MEAN P[] )\T CO/4 ,CONSID] :AT ?IS WILL MEAN :51 AT NO DI/ANT DAY1 N9E-T5?S ( ! WORK ( ! WORLD WILL BE DONE BY MA*9ES OP]AT$ FREE ( EXP5SE6 

    ,:AT ! ,DIESEL ,MOTOR ,MEANS TO ! ,UNSKILL$ ,LABOR]4 
     

,UNSKILL$ LABOR IS SYNONYM\S ) *EAP MANUAL LABOR4 ,:Y IS IT *EAP LABOR8 ,BECAUSE IT IS WOR? LITTLE8 ,NO1 QUITE ! CONTR>Y2 ALL ! BRA9S ( ! WORLD C\LD NOT ACCOMPLI% ANY?+ )\T ! MANUAL1 EXECUTIVE LABOR4 ,IT IS ! CREATIVE P>T ( WORK1 :ILE BRA9 EF=T IS ! DIRECTIVE ONE4 ,:AT IS ! USE ( A MAN ?AT HAS SUP]IOR BRA9 & EXCELL5T IDEAS1 BUT NO >MS TO BR+ !M 9TO REALITY8 

     

,! L[ VALUATION ( MANUAL LABOR HAS NO ORIG9AL BASIS4 ,! WORK]S1 NOT HAV+ FREE ACCESS TO EI!R ! S\RCES OR ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION ( WEAL?1 >E COMPELL$ TO SELL !IR LABOR P[] AT ! M>KET PRICE4 ,! M>KET PRICE ( ANY COMMODITY IS DET]M9$ BY ! CO/ ( PRODUCTION ( ?AT COMMODITY1 V>Y+ SOME:AT ACCORD+ TO ! RELATION ( SUPPLY TO DEM&4 ,! M>KET PRICE ( LABOR P[] IS DET]M9$ BY ! CO/ ( PRODUCTION ( ?AT LABOR P[]1 NOT BY ! PRODUCTION ( ?AT LABOR'S PRODUCT4 ,UNSKILL$ OR MANUAL LABOR IS *EAPE/ EV]Y:]E BECAUSE !RE >E SO MANY :O HAVE A *ANCE TO DO ?AT K9D ( WORK1 AS !RE IS NO?+ TO LE>N4 ,IF SO MANY HAD A *ANCE TO BECOME LAWY]S1 ! MUNICIPAL LODG+ H\SES W\LD BE BESIEG$ BY LAWY]S4 ,AS TO ! *EAPNESS ( PRODUCTION1 ! LABOR P[] ( ! ,DIESEL MOTOR LEAVES EV]Y?+ F> BEH9D4 ,A ,*9ESE LABOR] 9 ,*9A RECEIVES AB\T #a C5TS = A DAY'S WORK1 BECAUSE IT DOES NOT REQUIRE MORE TO KEEP HIM ALIVE4 ,ONE HORSE P[] ( ! ,DIESEL MOTOR TURNS \T AT LEA/ ?REE OR F\R TIMES ! AM\NT ( ! WORK ( ! ,*9ESE LABOR] = SIXTY M9UTES EV]Y H\R & TW5TY-F\R H\RS EV]Y DAY1 )\T GRUMBL+1 RE/ OR SLEEP1 & ALL ?IS = #a C5TS4 ,ALL ! 0,DIESEL MOTOR MAN0 REQUIRES IS A LITTLE OIL = HIS /OMA* & A LITTLE BIT ( OIL = HIS JO9TS2 HE NEV] /RIKES1 NOR DOES HE C>E = HOLIDAYS4 ,?IS MA*9E REQUIRES NO FOOD :5 \T ( WORK4 ,9 %ORT1 ?IS IS 9DE$ A 0WILL+ & LOYAL0 WORK] = ! EMPLOY]4 

     

,TO GIVE AN IDEA ( ! FE>FUL COMPETITION ( ! ,DIESEL MOTOR1 ONE MU/ IMAG9E AN 9VASION ( HORDES ( /RONG & TIRELESS M5 FROM AN UNKN[N C\NTRY ?AT >E WILL+ TO WORK 9CESSANTLY = TW5TY-F\R H\RS EV]Y DAY = AB\T #a C5TS4 ,:]EV] !RE IS WORK DONE BY A GANG ?AT POSSIBLY CAN BE DONE BY MA*9E P[]1 ! 0,DIESEL MOTOR M50 WILL TAKE IT AWAY FROM ! UNSKILL$ LABOR]S1 ?OSE EXTRAVAGANT G5TLEM5 :O ASK A FAIR WAGE = A FAIR DAY'S WORK4 

    ,TO ,FIREM5 & ,MA*9I/S4 
     

,FIREMAN8 ,! ,DIESEL MOTOR WILL FIRE HIM4 ,IT HAS NO USE = FIREM51 NO MORE ?AN IT HAS = COAL-PASS]S4 ,A TURN ( ! VALVE ( ! OIL-SUPPLY PIPE IS ALL ?AT IS NECESS>Y TO DO AWAY ) ! DRUDG]\S WORK ( ! FIREM5 & COAL-PASS]S4 

     

,! MOTOR ITSELF IS SO SIMPLE & SO WELL REGULAT$ ?AT TRA9$ MA*9I/S CAN BE DISP5S$ )4 ,:ILE !Y MI<T BE PREF]R$1 ! NUMB] ( !IR JOBS WILL BE GREATLY R$UC$4 ,SO1 = 9/ANCE1 9 ! 5G9E & BOIL]-ROOMS ( !SE BIG MOD]N OCEAN /EAM]S AB\T #c TO #d COAL-PASS]S1 FIREM5 & MA*9I/S1 >E N[ EMPLOY$4 ,IF ,DIESEL MOTORS >E 9/ALL$1 ?IRTY OR =TY MA*9I/S & HELP]S WILL BE AMPLY SUFFICI5T TO RUN !M4 

    ,TO ,COAL ,M9]S & ,RAILROAD ,M54 
     

,)\T GO+ 9TO DETAILS AS TO :AT EXT5T ! WORLD'S \TPUT ( COAL WILL BE AFFECT$ BY ! ADV5T ( ! ,DIESEL MOTOR AS A P[] & HEAT-PRODUC+ MEANS1 IT IS SAFE TO SAY ?AT COAL M9]S WILL LOSE !IR BE/ WEAPON 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! OPPRESS+ CLASS BY IT4 

     

,:5 ! ,DIESEL MOTOR HAS SUPPLANT$ ! /EAM 5G9E ( ! PRIVATE & MUNICIPAL PLANTS1 ALSO ( RAILWAYS & /EAM%IPS1 ! NECESSITY ( COAL WILL BE NO MORE ( SU* AN IMP]ATIVE NATURE AS IT IS TODAY4 ,COAL WILL !N OCCUPY BUT A SECOND>Y POSITION 9 MOD]N 9DU/RIES4 

     

,!RE=E1 ! FUTURE /RIKES ( ! COAL M9]S WILL NOT HAVE ! SAME COMPELL+ /R5G? & IMPORTANT CONSEQU5CES AS !Y HAVE AT PRES5T4 ,NO MORE WILL IT BE POSSIBLE TO /OP ! C\NTRY'S RAILROADS1 TO %UT D[N FACTORIES & TO CRIPPLE ! WORLD'S COMM]CE BY TY+ UP ! /EAM%IPS AS IT HAS BE5 ATTA9$ LATELY DUR+ ! COAL M9]S' /RIKE 9 ,GREAT ,BRITA94 

     

,! SAME IS ! CASE ) ! RAILROAD M54 ,A WELL-ORGANIZ$ RAILROAD /RIKE HAS ! SAME1 IF NOT A /RONG]1 EFFECT ?AN A M9]'S /RIKE2 ! COAL IS ( NO USE 9 FRONT ( ! M9ES1 ! RAILROAD M5 MU/ FIR/ BR+ IT TO ! PLACE :]E IT IS NE$$4 ,! COAL TRAFFIC IS 9DE$ ! *IEF ITEM ( RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION1 AT LEA/ ?IS IS SO 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4 ,NOT EV5 A COMB9$ /RIKE ( ! M9]S & ! RAILROAD M5 WILL HAVE A REASONABLE FRACTION ( ! FUNDAM5TAL EFFECT ?AT A /RIKE ( EI!R HAS TODAY4 ,! REASON = ?IS IS ?AT ! OIL = ! ,DIESEL MOTORS UND\BT$LY WILL BE CONVEY$ TO ! 9DU/RIAL C5T]S & TO ! SEA COA/ ?R\< PIPE L9ES1 AS IT IS L>GELY DONE N[ADAYS4 

    ,TO ! ,SMALL ,F>M]S & ,F>M ,H&S4 
     

,MORE P[] IS SP5T ?R\< ! PL[ ?AN 9 ALL ! FACTORIES 9 ! WORLD4 ,! TOIL ( TURN+ ! CULTIVAT$ FACE ( ! E>? ONCE EA* YE> BY ! PL[ CONSUMES MORE P[] ?AN ALL ! RAILWAYS1 /REET C>S & AUTOMOBILES COMB9$4 ,= EV]Y S+LE ACRE ( L&1 A MAN ) PL[ & TEAM MU/ TRAV]SE A DI/ANCE ( EI<T MILES4 ,9 ORD] TO RUN ! ME*ANISM ( ! F>MS 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ALONE1 IT REQUIRES #b MILLION HORSES & MULES4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ,AGRICULTURAL ,DEP>TM5T1 A HORSE NE$S FIVE ACRES YE>LY = KEEP1 SO ?AT IT NECESSITATES #a MILLION ACRES TO PRODUCE ! MOTIVE P[] TO RUN ! F>MS4 ,?IS IS A L>G] >EA ?AN IS REQUIR$ = RAIS+ ! C\NTRY'S CROPS ( :EAT1 POTATOES1 RYE & RICE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! CONT9U\S RISE 9 VALUE ( F>M L& DOES ! RE/ TO MAKE A *ANGE = ANO!R S\RCE ( MOTIVE P[] ABSOLUTELY 9DISP5SABLE4 

     

,& ! *ANGE IS AT H&4 ,IT IS ! TRACTOR ?AT WILL REPLACE ! HORSES & MO/ ( ! F>M H&S & ALSO SQUEEZES \T ! SMALL F>M]4 ,! ONM>* ( ! F>M TRACTOR IS SO SUDD5 & VICTORI\S ?AT ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES C5SUS ( #aia DID NOT BR+ \T ANY /ATI/ICAL FIGURES AB\T IT1 :ILE N[ ! YE>LY \TPUT IS MORE ?AN #e1 ( !SE MA*9ES4 ,!Y MAY BE CONSID]$ AS HAV+ A COMB9$ WORK+ CAPACITY ( AB\T TW5TY-FIVE HORSES & T5 M51 :I* CAN BE D\BL$ IF CIRCUM/ANCES CALL = IT4 

     

,! USES ( ! ALL-R\ND TRACTOR 9 ! FIELD1 %OP & B>N >E 9DE$ NUMB]LESS1 & ANY 9TELLIG5T F>M H& CAN LE>N 9 A FEW H\RS TO OP]ATE !M4 ,?IS TRACTOR CAN DO ! PL[+ RI<T BEH9D ! B9D] :5 IT IS TOO HOT = ! HORSES TO DO IT1 &1 ) A HEADLI<T1 MAY BE OP]AT$ DUR+ ! NI<T4 ,! PL[+ DONE BY ! TRACTOR IS NOT ONLY BETT]1 BUT ALSO ONE DOLL> *EAP] P] ACRE ?AN IT CAN BE ACCOMPLI%$ ) HORSES4 ,BESIDES IT CAN BE US$ = SE$+1 H>VE/+1 ?RE%+1 HAY BAL+1 HAUL+ GRA9 TO ! M>KET1 PUMP+ WAT]1 ROAD BUILD+1 & SO ON4 ,?IS WOND]FUL ADAPTABILITY ( ! TRACTOR CAN BE EXPLOIT$ TO ITS FULL ADVANTAGE ON BIG F>MS ONLY1 :]E !RE IS 5\< WORK = IT4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 IT IS TOO EXP5SIVE = ! SMALL F>M] TO BUY4 

     

,! F>M TRACTOR WAS ! MISS+ L9K 9 ! COMB9ATION ?AT MADE IT POSSIBLE TO MANAGE AGRICULTURE ON A BIG SCALE & ALONG /RICTLY CAPITALI/IC BUS9ESS L9ES4 ,!RE=E1 EV]Y IMPROVEM5T ( ! F>M TRACTOR WILL /R5G!N & HA/5 ! PASS+ ( ! SMALL F>M]4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES C5SUS ( #aia MORE ?AN #c1 SMALL F>MS W5T \T ( BUS9ESS 9 ! ?REE BE/ MIDDLE WE/ /ATES ( ,9DIANA1 ,ILL9OIS & ,I[A1 :ILE ! POPULATION ( !IR RURAL DI/RICTS %[$ A DECREASE ( #b#e#e1#b P]SONS DUR+ ! TIME ( #ai TO #a#i#a4 

     

,NOT ONLY ! CAPITALI/'S TRACTORS DO BETT]1 *EAP] & QUICK] WORK1 BUT ALSO !Y /& 9 ! B>N )\T AN EXTRA EXP5SE DUR+ ! W9T] OR :5 \T ( WORK1 :ILE ! SMALL F>M]'S HORSES >E EAT+ !IR HEADS (F4 

     

,ALL TRACTORS N[ 9 USE >E DRIV5 BY HI<-PRIC$ FUEL1 SU* AS GASOL9E1 K]OS5E1 ETC4 ,! COM+ ( ! ,DIESEL TRACTOR1 !RE=E1 WILL FUR!R LESS5 ! RUNN+ EXP5SES ( ! CAPITALI/ F>M & !REBY CONTRIBUTE TO \TDI/ANCE ! SMALL F>M] MORE & MORE 9 HIS /RUGGLE = EXI/5CE4 

     

,IT IS EVID5T ?AT MANY F>M H&S WILL LOSE !IR JOBS AS LONG AS ?IS K9D ( 0PROGRESS0 IS GO+ ON4 

    ,CONCLUSIONS4 
     

,! =EGO+ L9ES GIVE A CLE> 9/ANCE ( H[ ! MA/] CLASS GA9S GR\ND FROM ! WORK+ CLASS ?R\< ONE S+LE 9V5TION4 ,!RE COME EV]Y DAY NEW 9V5TIONS ?AT HAVE SIMIL> CONSEQU5CE TO ?OSE ( ! ,DIESEL MOTOR4 ,ALMO/ EV]Y 9V5TION 9 MA*9]Y HAS AS ITS PURPOSE 9CREAS$ PRODUCTION ) LESS HUMAN HELP1 & ?AT MEANS A LOSS TO ! WORK]S UND] PRES5T CONDITIONS4 

     

,9 ORD] TO AVOID COMPLETE ANNIHILATION OR TO MAKE ANY HEADWAY AT ALL1 ! WORK+ CLASS MU/ COMPLETELY *ANGE ITS ATTITUDE 9 ! CLASS /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! MA/]S4 ,UP TO ! PRES5T TIME ! WORK]S HAVE F\<T ONLY :5 !Y W]E =C$ TO DO SO4 ,!Y /RIKE OR TAKE DRA/IC MEASURES :5 ! CO/ ( LIV+ HAS GONE UP TO SU* AN EXT5T ?AT !Y CANNOT LIVE ON ! PREVAIL+ WAGES1 OR !Y CANNOT 5DURE ANY LONG] ! %AMEFUL WORK+ CONDITIONS4 

     

,9 %ORT1 ! WORK]S HAVE ALWAYS BE5 ON ! DEF5SIVE TO RECOV] LO/ GR\ND1 SO ?AT AFT] ! FI<T !Y >E 9 ! SAME POSITION AS SOME TIME BE=E ! FI<T4 ,! SPIRIT ( DEF5SE1 H[EV]1 IS 0,NOT TO LOSE40 ,?AT IS ALL4 

     

,TO GO T[>D VICTORY 9 ! 9DU/RIAL REVOLUTION ?AT IS ALREADY 9 ITS BEG9N+ /AGE1 ! WORK]S MU/ EMBUE !IR BRA9S ) ! SPIRIT ( ATTACK4 ,?AT MEANS1 0,TO ,W940 

     
         
    ,9,/,R,U,C,T,I,O,N,S ,H,[ ,T,O ,O,R,G,A,N,I,Z,E4 
     

,TO SECURE A ,*>T] ( ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD1 GET ! NAMES ( TW5TY ACTUAL WAGE WORK]S4 ,?OSE :O MAKE A LIV+ BY WORK+ = WAGES4 

     

,ALL :O SIGN ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION ,BLANK PL$GE !MSELVES TO BE 9 ACCORD ) ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,I4 ,W4 ,W41 AS \TL9$ 9 ! ,PREAMBLE4 

     

,! ,*>T] FEE IS T5 DOLL>S4 ,?IS COV]S ! CO/ ( ALL BOOKS & SUPPLIES NE$$ TO FULLY EQUIP A ,UNION ( TW5TY-FIVE MEMB]S4 

     

,DUES PAID BY ! ,UNION TO ! ,G5]AL ,ORGANIZATION1 >E FIFTE5 C5TS P] MEMB] P] MON?4 

     

,IF ?OSE :O SIGN ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION ,BLANK >E EMPLOY$ 9 ! SAME 9DU/RY1 !Y WILL BE *>T]$ AS AN ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ) JURISDICTION COV]+ ALL WAGE WORK]S EMPLOY$ 9 ?AT 9DU/RY4 ,IF ! SIGN]S ( ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION >E EMPLOY$ 9 TWO OR MORE 9DU/RIES1 !Y WILL BE *>T]$ AS A ,RECRUIT+ ,UNION OR AS AN ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ( ! 9DU/RY 9 :I* A MAJORITY ( ?OSE :O SIGN$ ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION >E EMPLOY$1 ) ! UND]/&+ ?AT !Y >E ALL[$ TO TAKE 9 MEMB]S ( O!R 9DU/RIES UNTIL !Y HAVE A SUFFICI5T NUMB] TO BE *>T]$ AS AN ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ( ! 9DU/RY 9 :I* !Y >E EMPLOY$4 ,RECRUIT+ ,UNIONS >E TEMPOR>Y ORGANIZATIONS1 =M$ = ! PURPOSE ( HAV+ ORGANIZATIONS TO C>RY ON ! $UCATIONAL WORK NECESS>Y = ! =MATION ( ,9DU/RIAL ,UNIONS4 

     

,AS SOON AS !RE >E TW5TY MEMB]S 9 A ,RECRUIT+2 ,UNION :O >E EMPLOY$ 9 ! SAME 9DU/RY1 !Y WILL BE *>T]$ AS AN ,9DU/RIAL ,UNION ( ?AT 9DU/RY4 

     

,! ME?ODS US$ 9 GETT+ A ,UNION />T$ DEP5DS UPON ! CIRCUM/ANCES 9 ! LOCALITY :]E ! ,UNION IS TO BE =M$4 ,Y\ CAN CALL A MEET+1 ADV]TIS+ ! SAME4 ,IF !RE >E ANY AMONG Y\ :O >E ABLE TO EXPLA9 ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,I4 ,W4 ,W41 HAVE !M DO SO TO ?OSE :O ATT5D ! MEET+4 

     

,AFT] ! EXPLANATION HAS BE5 MADE1 Y\ CAN CALL UPON ALL ?OSE PRES5T1 :O >E 9 ACCORD ) ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,ORGANIZATION1 TO COME =W>D & SIGN ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION4 ,OR Y\ CAN CIRCULATE ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION AMONG ?OSE ) :OM Y\ COME 9 CONTACT1 & EXPLA9 ! PR9CIPLES ( ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD TO !M 9DIVIDUALLY4 ,IF !Y DESIRE TO ORGANIZE1 HAVE !M SIGN !IR NAMES & ADDRESSES ON ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION4 

     

,:5 Y\ HAVE TW5TY NAMES1 OR MORE1 Y\ CAN NOTIFY !M TO ATT5D ! MEET+1 =M A TEMPOR>Y ORGANIZATION BY ELECT+ A TEMPOR>Y ,SECRET>Y & ,*AIRMAN4 ,COLLECT ! ,*>T] FEE FROM ?OSE :O SIGN ! ,APPLICATION1 =W>D ! SAME TO ?IS (FICE1 ) ! ,APPLICATION4 ,! ,*>T] & SUPPLIES WILL BE S5T TO Y\ AT ONCE4 

     

,9 =W>D+ ! ,*>T] ,APPLICATION BE SURE TO SPECIFY 9 :AT 9DU/RY ?OSE :O SIGN ! ,BLANK >E EMPLOY$1 SO WE WILL KN[ H[ TO MAKE \T ! ,*>T]4 

     

,TRU/+ ?AT ! ABOVE WILL BE ( ASSI/ANCE TO Y\ 9 ORGANIZ+ Y\R FELL[ WORK]S1 ,I AM 

     

  

     
        ,Y\RS = ,9DU/RIAL ,FRE$OM1 
     
     

         

,W,M4 ,D4 ,H,A,Y,W,O,O,D1 

        ,G5]AL ,SECRET>Y-,TREASUR] 

        ,9,D,U,/,R,I,A,L ,W,O,R,K,],S ,( ,! ,W,O,R,L,D1 

        #aa ,WE/ ,MADISON ,/REET1 

        ,*,I,C,A,G,O1 ,I,L,L,9,O,I,S 

     
     

  

    ,! ,I4,W4,W4 ,P,R,E,A,M,B,L,E 
     
         
     

,! WORK+ CLASS & ! EMPLOY+ CLASS HAVE NO?+ 9 COMMON4 ,!RE CAN BE NO PEACE SO LONG AS HUNG] & WANT >E F\ND AMONG MILLIONS ( WORK+ PEOPLE1 & ! FEW :O MAKE UP ! EMPLOY+ CLASS HAVE ALL ! GOOD ?+S ( LIFE4 

     

,BETWE5 !SE TWO CLASSES A /RUGGLE MU/ GO ON UNTIL ! WORK]S ( ! WORLD ORGANIZE AS A CLASS1 TAKE POSSESSION ( ! E>? & ! MA*9]Y ( PRODUCTION1 & ABOLI% ! WAGE SY/EM4 

     

,WE F9D ?AT ! C5T]+ ( ! MANAGEM5T ( 9DU/RIES 9TO FEW] & FEW] H&S MAKES ! TRADE UNIONS UNABLE TO COPE ) ! EV]-GR[+ P[] ( ! EMPLOY+ CLASS4 ,! TRADE UNIONS FO/] A /ATE ( AFFAIRS :I* ALL[S ONE SET ( WORK]S TO BE PITT$ AGA9/ ANO!R SET ( WORK]S 9 ! SAME 9DU/RY1 !REBY HELP+ TO DEFEAT ONE ANO!R 9 WAGE W>S4 ,MOREOV]1 ! TRADE UNIONS AID ! EMPLOY+ CLASS TO MISLEAD ! WORK]S 9TO ! BELIEF ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS HAVE 9T]E/S 9 COMMON ) !IR EMPLOY]S4 

     

,!SE CONDITIONS CAN BE *ANG$ & ! 9T]E/S ( ! WORK+ CLASS UPHELD ONLY BY AN ORGANIZATION =M$ 9 SU* A WAY ?AT ALL ITS MEMB]S 9 ANY ONE 9DU/RY OR 9 ALL 9DU/RIES IF NECESS>Y1 CEASE WORK :5EV] A /RIKE OR LOCK\T IS ON 9 ANY DEP>TM5T !RE(1 ?US MAK+ AN 9JURY TO ONE AN 9JURY TO ALL4 

     

,9/EAD ( ! CONS]VATIVE MOTTO3 0,A FAIR DAY'S WAGES = A FAIR DAY'S WORK10 WE MU/ 9SCRIBE ON \R BANN] ! REVOLUTION>Y WAT*WORD3 0,ABOLITION ( ! WAGE SY/EM40 

     

,IT IS ! HI/ORIC MISSION ( ! WORK+ CLASS TO DO AWAY ) ,CAPITALISM4 ,! >MY ( PRODUCTION MU/ BE ORGANIZ$1 NOT ONLY = ! EV]YDAY /RUGGLE ) CAPITALISM1 BUT ALSO TO C>RY ON PRODUCTION :5 CAPITALISM %ALL HAVE BE5 OV]?R[N4 ,BY ORGANIZ+ 9DU/RIALLY WE >E =M+ ! /RUCTURE ( ! NEW SOCIETY )9 ! %ELL ( ! OLD4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#i1 #bba 3 ,! ,ONW>D ,SWEEP ( ! ,MA*9E ,PROCESS -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,! ,ONW>D ,SWEEP ( ! ,MA*9E ,PROCESS -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/