,P>T #i1 ,*APT] #e 
,S>VODAYA3 ,SOCIALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,G&HI 

,TEXT 3 

#e4 ,S,O,C,I,A,L,I,S,M 

  
,SOCIALISM 

  

,REAL SOCIALISM HAS BE5 H&$ D[N TO US BY \R ANCE/ORS :O TAU<T3 ',ALL L& BELONGS TO ,GOPAL1 :]E !N IS ! B\ND>Y L9E8 ,MAN IS ! MAK] ( ?AT L9E & HE CAN !RE=E UNMAKE IT4' ,GOPAL LIT]ALLY MEANS %EPH]D2 IT ALSO MEANS ,GOD4 ,9 MOD]N LANGUAGE IT MEANS ! ,/ATE1 I4E41 ! ,PEOPLE4 ,?AT ! L& TODAY DOES NOT BELONG TO ! PEOPLE IS TOO TRUE4 ,BUT ! FAULT IS NOT 9 ! TEA*+4 ,IT IS 9 US :O HAVE NOT LIV$ UP TO IT4 

,I HAVE NO D\BT ?AT WE CAN MAKE AS GOOD AN APPROA* TO IT AS IS POSSIBLE = ANY NATION1 NOT EXCLUD+ ,RUSSIA1 & ?AT )\T VIOL5CE4 7,H1 #b-#a-#a#i#c#g1 P4 #c#g#e7 

,NO MAN %\LD HAVE MORE L& ?AN HE NE$S = DIGNIFI$ SU/5ANCE4 ,:O CAN DISPUTE ! FACT ?AT ! GR9D+ POV]TY ( ! MASSES IS DUE TO !IR HAV+ NO L& ?AT !Y CAN CALL !IR [N8 7,H1 #b-#d-#a#i#d1 P4 #i#g7 

,WE/]N ,SOCIALISM 

  

,I HAVE BE5 A SYMPA!TIC /UD5T ( ! ,WE/]N SOCIAL ORD] & ,I HAVE DISCOV]$ ?AT1 UND]LY+ ! FEV] ?AT FILLS ! S\L ( ! ,WE/1 !RE IS A RE/LESS SE>* = TRU?4 ,I VALUE ?AT SPIRIT4 ,LET US /UDY \R ,EA/]N 9/ITUTIONS 9 ?AT SPIRIT ( SCI5TIFIC 9QUIRY & WE %ALL EVOLVE A TRU] SOCIALISM & A TRU] COMMUNISM ?AN ! WORLD HAS YET DREAM$ (4 ,IT IS SURELY WRONG TO PRESUME ?AT ,WE/]N SOCIALISM OR COMMUNISM IS ! LA/ WORD ON ! QUE/ION ( MASS POV]TY4 7,A,B,P1 #c-#h-#a#i#c#d7 

,SOCIALISM WAS NOT BORN ) ! DISCOV]Y ( ! MISUSE ( CAPITAL BY CAPITALI/S4 ,AS ,I HAVE CONT5D$1 SOCIALISM1 EV5 COMMUNISM1 IS EXPLICIT 9 ! FIR/ V]SE ( ,I%OPANI%AD4 ,:AT IS TRUE IS ?AT :5 SOME RE=M]S LO/ FAI? 9 ! ME?OD ( CONV]SION1 ! TE*NIQUE ( :AT IS KN[N AS SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM WAS BORN4 ,I AM 5GAG$ 9 SOLV+ ! SAME PROBLEM ?AT FACES SCI5TIFIC SOCIALI/S4 

,IT IS TRUE1 H[EV]1 ?AT MY APPROA* IS ALWAYS & ONLY ?R\< UNADULT]AT$ NONVIOL5CE4 ,I MAY FAIL4 ,IF IT DOES1 IT WILL BE BECAUSE ( MY IGNORANCE ( ! TE*NIQUE ( NONVIOL5CE4 ,I MAY BE A BAD EXPON5T ( ! DOCTR9E 9 :I* MY FAI? IS DAILY 9CREAS+4 7,H1 #b-#b-#a#i#c#g1 P4 #a#b7 

,MY ,SOCIALISM 

  

,I HAVE CLAIM$ ?AT ,I WAS A SOCIALI/ LONG BE=E ?OSE ,I KN[ 9 ,9DIA HAD AV[$ !IR CRE$4 ,BUT MY SOCIALISM WAS NATURAL TO ME & NOT ADOPT$ FROM ANY BOOKS4 ,IT CAME \T ( MY UN%AKABLE BELIEF 9 NONVIOL5CE4 ,NO MAN C\LD BE ACTIVELY NONVIOL5T & NOT RISE AGA9/ SOCIAL 9JU/ICE1 NO MATT] :]E IT OCCURR$4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ,WE/]N SOCIALI/S HAVE1 SO F> AS ,I KN[1 BELIEV$ 9 ! NECESSITY ( VIOL5CE = 5=C+ SOCIALI/IC DOCTR9ES4 

,I HAVE ALWAYS HELD ?AT SOCIAL JU/ICE1 EV5 UNTO ! LEA/ & ! L[LIE/1 IS IMPOSSIBLE ( ATTA9M5T BY =CE4 ,I HAVE FUR!R BELIEV$ ?AT IT IS POSSIBLE BY PROP] TRA9+ ( ! L[LIE/ BY NONVIOL5T MEANS TO SECURE R$RESS ( ! WRONGS SUFF]$ BY !M4 ,?AT MEANS NONVIOL5T NON-COOP]ATION4 7,H1 #b-#d-#a#i#d1 P4 #i#g7 

,:IL/ ,I HAVE ! GREATE/ ADMIRATION = ! SELF-D5IAL & SPIRIT ( SACRIFICE ( \R ,SOCIALI/S FRI5DS1 ,I HAVE NEV] CONCEAL$ ! %>P DIFF]5CE BETWE5 !IR ME?OD & M9E4 ,!Y FRANKLY BELIEVE 9 VIOL5CE & ALL ?AT IS 9 ITS BOSOM4 ,I BELIEVE 9 NONVIOL5CE ?R\< & ?R\<4444 

,MY SOCIALISM MEANS 'EV5 UNTO ?IS LA/'4 ,I DO NOT WANT TO RISE ON ! A%ES ( ! BL9D1 ! DEAF & ! DUMB4 ,9 !IR 7I4E41 ,9DIAN7 SOCIALISM1 PROBABLY !SE HAVE NO PLACE4 ,!IR ONE AIM IS MAT]IAL PROGRESS4 

,= 9/ANCE1 ,AM]ICA AIMS AT HAV+ A C> = EV]Y CITIZ54 ,I DO NOT4 ,I WANT FRE$OM = FULL EXPRESSION ( MY P]SONALITY4 ,I MU/ BE FREE TO BUILD A /AIRCASE TO ,SIRIUS IF ,I WANT TO4 ,?AT DOES NOT MEAN ?AT ,I WANT TO DO ANY SU* ?+4 ,UND] ! O!R SOCIALISM1 !RE IS NO 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM4 ,Y\ [N NO?+1 NOT EV5 Y\R BODY4 7,H1 #d-#h-#a#i#d#f1 P4 #b#d#f7 

,EQUALITY 9 ,SOCIALISM 

  

,SOCIALISM IS A BEAUTIFUL WORD &1 SO F> AS ,I AM AW>E1 9 SOCIALISM ALL ! MEMB]S ( SOCIETY >E EQUAL--NONE L[1 NONE HI<4 ,9 ! 9DIVIDUAL BODY1 ! HEAD IS NOT HI< BECAUSE IT IS ! TOP ( ! BODY1 NOR >E ! SOLES ( ! FEET L[ BECAUSE !Y T\* ! E>?4 ,EV5 AS MEMB]S ( ! 9DIVIDUAL BODY >E EQUAL1 SO >E ! MEMB]S ( SOCIETY4 ,?IS IS SOCIALISM4 

,9 IT ! PR9CE & ! PEASANT1 ! WEAL?Y & ! POOR1 ! EMPLOY] & EMPLOYEE >E ALL ON ! SAME LEVEL4 ,9 T]MS ( RELIGION !RE IS NO DUALITY 9 SOCIALISM4 ,IT IS ALL UNITY4 

,LOOK+ AT SOCIETY ALL ! WORLD OV]1 !RE IS NO?+ BUT DUALITY OR PLURALITY4 ,UNITY IS CONSPICU\S BY ITS ABS5CE4 ,?IS MAN IS HI<1 ?AT ONE IS L[1 ?AT IS A ,H9DU1 ?AT A ,MUSLIM1 ?IRD A ,*RI/IAN1 F\R? A ,P>SI1 FIF? A ,SIKH1 SIX? A ,JEW4 ,EV5 AMONG !SE !RE >E SUB-DIVISIONS4 ,9 ! UNITY ( MY CONCEPTION !RE IS P]FECT UNITY 9 ! PLURALITY ( DESIGNS4 

,9 ORD] TO REA* ?IS /ATE WE MAY NOT LOOK ON ?+S PHILOSOPHICALLY & SAY ?AT WE NE$ NOT MAKE A MOVE UNTIL ALL >E CONV]T$ TO SOCIALISM4 ,)\T *ANG+ \R LIFE1 WE MAY GO ON GIV+ ADDRESSES1 =M+ P>TIES &1 HAWK-LIKE1 SEIZE ! GAME :5 IT COMES \R WAY4 ,?IS IS NO SOCIALISM4 ,! MORE WE TREAT IT AS GAME TO BE SEIZ$1 ! FUR!R IT MU/ REC$E FROM US4 

,! ,MEANS 

  

,SOCIALISM BEG9S ) ! FIR/ CONV]T4 ,IF !RE IS ONE SU*1 Y\ CAN ADD Z]OS TO ! ONE & ! FIR/ Z]O WILL C\NT = T5 & EV]Y ADDITION WILL C\NT = T5 TIMES ! PREVI\S NUMB]4 ,IF1 H[EV]1 ! BEG9N] IS Z]O 9 O!R WORDS1 NO ONE MAKES ! BEG9N+1 MULTIPLICITY ( Z]OS WILL ALSO PRODUCE Z]O VALUE4 ,TIME & PAP] & OCCUPI$ 9 WRIT+ Z]OS WILL BE SO MU* WA/E4 

,?IS SOCIALISM IS AS PURE AS CRY/AL4 ,IT1 !RE=E1 REQUIRES CRY/AL-LIKE MEANS TO A*IEVE IT4 ,IMPURE MEANS RESULT 9 AN IMPURE 5D4 ,H5CE ! PR9CE & ! PEASANT WILL NOT BE EQUALIZ$ BY CUTT+ (F ! PR9CE'S HEAD1 NOR CAN ! PROCESS ( CUTT+ (F EQUALIZE ! EMPLOY] & ! EMPLOY$4 

,ONE CANNOT REA* TRU? BY UNTRU?FULNESS4 ,TRU?FUL CONDUCT ALONE CAN REA* TRU?4 ,>E NOT NONVIOL5CE & TRU? TW9S8 ,! ANSW] IS AN EMPHATIC 'NO'4 ,NONVIOL5CE IS EMB$D$ 9 TRU? & VICE V]SA4 ,H5CE HAS IT BE5 SAID ?AT !Y >E FACES ( ! SAME CO94 ,EI!R IS 9SEP>ABLE FROM ! O!R4 ,READ ! CO9 EI!R WAY4 ,! SPELL+ ( WORDS WILL BE DIFF]5T4 ,! VALUE IS ! SAME4 

,?IS BLESS$ /ATE IS UNATTA9ABLE )\T P]FECT PURITY4 ,H>BOR IMPURITY ( M9D OR BODY & Y\ HAVE UNTRU? & VIOL5CE 9 Y\4 

,!RE=E1 ONLY TRU?FUL1 NONVIOL5T & PURE-HE>T$ SOCIALI/S WILL BE ABLE TO E/ABLI% A SOCIALI/IC SOCIETY 9 ,9DIA & ! WORLD4 ,TO MY KN[L$GE !RE IS NO C\NTRY 9 ! WORLD1 :I* IS PURELY SOCIALI/IC4 ,)\T ! MEANS DESCRIB$ ABOVE1 ! EXI/5CE ( SU* A SOCIETY IS IMPOSSIBLE4 7,H1 #a#c-#g-#a#i#d#f1 P4 #b#c#b7 

,! ,SOCIALI/S & ,COMMUNI/S SAY !Y CAN DO NO?+ TO BR+ AB\T ECONOMIC EQUALITY TODAY4 ,!Y WILL JU/ C>RY ON PROPAG&A 9 ITS FAVOR & TO ?AT 5D !Y BELIEVE 9 G5]AT+ & ACC5TUAT+ HATR$4 ,!Y SAY1 ',:5 !Y GET CONTROL OV] ! ,/ATE1 !Y WILL 5=CE EQUALITY4 ' 

444,I CLAIM TO BE A =EMO/ ,COMMUNI/ AL?\< ,I MAKE USE ( C>S & O!R FACILITIES (F]$ TO ME BY ! RI*4 ,!Y HAVE NO HOLD ON ME & ,I CAN %$ !M AT A MOM5T'S NOTICE1 IF ! 9T]E/S ( ! MASSES DEM& IT4 7,H1 #c#a-#c-#a#i#d#f1 P4 #f#d7 

,BY ,$UCATION 

  

,BUT IT MU/ BE REALIZ$ ?AT ! RE=M CANNOT BE RU%$4 ,IF IT IS TO BE BR\<T AB\T BY NONVIOL5T MEANS1 IT CAN ONLY BE DONE BY $UCATION BO? ( ! 'HAVES' & ! 'HAVE-NOTS'4 ,! =M] %\LD BE ASSUR$ ?AT !RE NEV] W\LD BE =CE US$ AGA9/ !M4 ,! 'HAVE-NOTS' MU/ BE $UCAT$ TO KN[ ?AT NO ONE CAN REALLY COMPEL !M TO DO ANY?+ AGA9/ !IR WILL1 & ?AT !Y CAN SECURE !IR FRE$OM BY LE>N+ ! >T ( NONVIOL5CE1 I4E41 SELF-SUFF]+4 

,IF ! 5D 9 VIEW IS TO BE A*IEV$1 ! $UCATION ,I HAVE ADUMBRAT$ HAS TO BE COMM5C$ N[4 ,AN ATMOSPH]E ( MUTUAL RESPECT & TRU/ HAS TO BE E/ABLI%$ AS ! PRELIM9>Y /EP4 ,!RE CAN !N BE NO VIOL5T CONFLICT BETWE5 ! CLASSES & ! MASSES4 7,H1 #b-#d-#a#i#d1 P4 #i#g7 

,FAI? 9 ,GOD 

  

,TRU? & AHIMSA MU/ 9C>NATE 9 SOCIALISM4 ,9 ORD] ?AT !Y CAN1 ! VOT>Y MU/ HAVE A LIV+ FAI? 9 ,GOD4 ,M]E ME*ANICAL ADH]5CE TO TRU? & AHIMSA IS LIKELY TO BREAK D[N AT ! CRITICAL MOM5T4 ,H5CE ,I HAVE SAID ?AT ,TRU? IS ,GOD4 

,?IS ,GOD IS A LIV+ ,=CE4 ,\R LIFE IS ( ?AT ,=CE4 ,?AT ,=CE RESIDES 9 BUT IS NOT ! BODY4 ,HE :O D5IES ! EXI/5CE ( ?AT GREAT ,=CE D5IES TO HIMSELF ! USE ( ?AT 9EXHAU/IBLE ,P[] & ?US REMA9S IMPOT5T4 ,HE IS LIKE A RUDD]LESS %IP :I*1 TOSS$ AB\T H]E & !RE1 P]I%ES )\T MAK+ ANY HEADWAY4 ,! SOCIALISM ( SU* TAKES !M NO:]E1 :AT TO SAY ( ! SOCIETY 9 :I* !Y LIVE4 

,IF SU* BE ! CASE1 DOES IT MEAN ?AT NO SOCIALI/ BELIEVES 9 ,GOD8 ,IF !RE BE ANY1 :Y HAVE !Y NOT MADE ANY VISIBLE PROGRESS8 ,!N1 AGA91 MANY GODLY P]SONS HAVE LIV$ BE=E N[2 :Y HAVE !Y NOT SUCCE$$ 9 F\ND+ A SOCIALI/IC /ATE8 

,IT IS DIFFICULT COMPLETELY TO SIL5CE !SE TWO D\BTS4 ,NEV]!LESS1 IT IS POSSIBLE TO SAY ?AT IT HAS P]HAPS NEV] OCCURR$ TO A BELIEV+ SOCIALI/ ?AT !RE IS ANY CONNECTION BETWE5 HIS SOCIALISM & BELIEF 9 ,GOD4 ,IT IS EQUALLY SAFE TO SAY ?AT GODLY M5 AS A RULE NEV] COMM5D$ SOCIALISM TO ! MASSES4 

,SUP]/ITIONS HAVE FL\RI%$ 9 WORLD 9 SPITE ( GODLY M5 & WOM54 ,9 ,H9DUISM ITSELF UNT\*ABILITY HAS1 TILL ( LATE1 HELD UND\BT$ SWAY4 

,! FACT IS ?AT IT HAS ALWAYS BE5 A MATT] ( /R5U\S RESE>* TO KN[ ?IS GREAT ,=CE & ITS HIDD5 POSSIBILITIES4 

,SATYAGRAHA ,SURE ,ME?OD 

  

,MY CLAIM IS ?AT 9 ! PURSUIT ( ?AT SE>* LIES ! DISCOV]Y ( ,SATYAGRAHA4 ,IT IS NOT1 CLAIM$ ?AT ALL ! LAWS ( ,SATYAGRAHA HAVE BE5 LAID D[N OR F\ND4 ,?IS ,I DO SAY1 FE>LESSLY & FIRMLY1 ?AT EV]Y WOR?Y OBJECT CAN BE A*IEV$ BY ! USE ( ,SATYAGRAHA4 ,IT IS ! HI<E/ & 9FALLIBLE MEANS1 ! GREATE/ =CE4 ,SOCIALISM WILL NOT BE REA*$ BY ANY O!R MEANS4 ,SATYAGRAHA CAN RID SOCIETY ( ALL EVILS1 POLITICAL1 ECONOMIC & MORAL4 7,H1 #b-#g-#a#i#d#g1 P4 #b#d7 

,I BELIEVE 9 PRIVATE 5T]PRISE & ALSO 9 PLANN$ PRODUCTION4 ,IF Y\ HAVE ONLY ,/ATE PRODUCTION1 M5 WILL BECOME MORAL & 9TELLECTUAL PAUP]S4 ,!Y WILL =GET !IR RESPONSIBILITIES4 ,I W\LD !RE=E ALL[ ! CAPITALI/ & ZAM9D> TO KEEP !IR FACTORY & !IR L&1 BUT ,I W\LD MAKE !M CONSID] !MSELVES TRU/EES ( !IR PROP]TY4 7IBID1 P4 #a#b7 

,NATIONALIZATION 

  

,I BELIEVE 9 ! NATIONALIZATION ( KEY & PR9CIPAL 9DU/RIES AS IS LAID D[N 9 ! RESOLUTION ( ! ,K>A*I ,CONGRESS4 ,MORE ?AN ?AT ,I CANNOT AT PRES5T VISUALIZE4 ,NOR DO ,I WANT ALL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION TO BE NATIONALIZ$4 ,IS EV5 ,RAB9DRANA? ,TAGORE TO BE NATIONALIZ$8 ,!SE >E DAY DREAMS4 7,M,S1 P4 #a7 

,I BELIEVE 9 PRIVATE 5T]PRISE & ALSO 9 PLANN$ PRODUCTION4 ,IF Y\ HAVE ONLY ,/ATE PRODUCTION1 M5 WILL BECOME MORAL & 9TELLECTUAL PAUP]S4 ,!Y WILL =GET !IR RESPONSIBILITIES4 ,I W\LD !RE=E ALL[ ! CAPITALI/ & ! ZAM9D> TO KEEP !IR FACTORY & !IR L&1 BUT ,I W\LD MAKE !M CONSID] !MSELVES TRU/EES ( !IR PROP]TY4 

,EV5 )\T CONTROL ( ! ,/ATE !RE CAN BE NATIONALIZATION4 ,I CAN />T A MILL = ! B5EFIT ( ! WORK]S4 7IBID1 P4#a#c7 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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