,P>T #a#b1 ,*APT] #< 
,FRE$OM3 ,PAN*AYAT ,RAJ 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,G&HI 

,TEXT 3 

#g#h4 ,P,A,N,*,A,Y,A,T ,R,A,J 

  
,VILLAGE ,REPUBLICS 

  

,9,D,I,A ,H,A,S HAD EXP]I5CE (44444 VILLAGE REPUBLICS1 AS !Y W]E CALL$ BY ,MAYNE4 ,I FANCY ?AT !Y W]E UNCONSCI\SLY GOV]N$ BY NONVIOL5CE44444 ,AN EF=T HAS N[ TO BE MADE TO REVIVE !M UND] A DELIB]ATE NONVIOL5T PLAN4 7,H1 #d-#h-#a#i#d1 P4 #b#d7 

,! BE/1 QUICKE/ & MO/ EFFICI5T WAY IS TO BUILD UP FROM ! BOTTOM44444 ,EV]Y VILLAGE HAS TO BECOME A SELF-SUFFICI5T REPUBLIC4 ,?IS DOES NOT REQUIRE BRAVE RESOLUTIONS4 ,IT REQUIRES BRAVE1 CORPORATE1 9TELLIG5T WORK44444 7,H1 #a#h-#a-#a#i#b#b1 P4 #d7 

,9DEP5D5CE MU/ BEG9 AT ! BOTTOM4 ,?US1 EV]Y VILLAGE WILL BE A REPUBLIC OR ,PAN*AYAT HAV+ FULL P[]S4 ,IT FOLL[S1 !RE=E1 ?AT EV]Y VILLAGE HAS TO BE SELF-SU/A9$ & CAPABLE ( MANAG+ ITS AFFAIRS EV5 TO ! EXT5T ( DEF5D+ ITSELF AGA9/ ! :OLE WORLD4 ,IT WILL BE TRA9$ & PREP>$ TO P]I% 9 ! ATTEMPT TO DEF5D ITSELF AGA9/ ANY ONSLAU<T FROM )\T4 ,?US1 ULTIMATELY1 IT IS ! 9DIVIDUAL :O IS ! UNIT4 

,?IS DOES NOT EXCLUDE DEP5D5CE ON & WILL+ HELP FROM NEI<BORS OR FROM ! WORLD4 ,IT WILL BE FREE & VOLUNT>Y PLAY ( MUTUAL =CES4 ,SU* A SOCIETY IS NECESS>ILY HI<LY CULTUR$ 9 :I* EV]Y MAN & WOMAN KN[S :AT HE OR %E WANTS &1 :AT IS MORE1 KN[S ?AT NO ONE %\LD WANT ANY?+ ?AT O!RS CANNOT HAVE ) EQUAL LABOR4 

,?IS SOCIETY MU/ NATURALLY BE BAS$ ON TRU? & NONVIOL5CE :I*1 9 MY OP9ION1 >E NOT POSSIBLE )\T A LIV+ BELIEF 9 ,GOD1 MEAN+ A SELF-EXI/5T1 ,ALL-KN[+ LIV+ ,=CE :I* 9H]ES EV]Y O!R =CE KN[N TO ! WORLD & :I* DEP5DS ON NONE & :I* WILL LIVE :5 ALL O!R =CES MAY CONCEIVABLY P]I% OR CEASE TO ACT4 ,I AM UNABLE TO ACC\NT = MY LIFE )\T BELIEF 9 ?IS ALL-EMBRAC+ LIV+ LI<T4 

,WID5+ ,CIRCLES 

  

,9 ?IS /RUCTURE COMPOS$ ( 9NUM]ABLE VILLAGES !RE WILL BE EV]-WID5+1 NEV]-ASC5D+ CIRCLES4 ,LIFE WILL NOT BE A PYRAMID ) ! APEX SU/A9$ BY ! BOTTOM4 ,BUT IT WILL BE AN OCEANIC CIRCLE :OSE C5T] WILL BE ! 9DIVIDUAL ALWAYS READY TO P]I% = ! VILLAGE1 TILL AT LA/ ! :OLE BECOMES ONE LIFE COMPOS$ ( 9DIVIDUALS1 NEV] AGGRESSIVE 9 !IR >ROGANCE1 BUT EV] HUMBLE1 %>+ ! MAJE/Y ( ! OCEANIC CIRCLE ( :I* !Y >E 9TEGRAL UNITS4 ,!RE=E1 ! \T]MO/ CIRCUMF]5CE WILL NOT WIELD P[] TO CRU% ! 9N] CIRCLE1 BUT WILL GIVE /R5G? TO ALL )9 & D]IVE ITS [N /R5G? FROM IT4 ,I MAY BE TAUNT$ ) ! RETORT ?AT ?IS IS ALL ,UTOPIAN &1 !RE=E1 NOT WOR? A S+LE ?\<T4 ,IF ,EUCLID'S PO9T1 ?\< 9CAPABLE ( BE+ DRAWN BY HUMAN AG5CY HAS AN IMP]I%ABLE VALUE1 MY PICTURE HAS ITS [N = MANK9D TO LIVE4 

,! ,IDEAL 

  

,LET ,9DIA LIVE = ?IS TRUE PICTURE1 ?\< NEV] REALIZABLE 9 ITS COMPLET5ESS4 ,WE MU/ HAVE A PROP] PICTURE ( :AT WE WANT BE=E WE CAN HAVE SOME?+ APPROA*+ IT4 ,IF !RE EV] IS TO BE A REPUBLIC ( EV]Y VILLAGE 9 ,9DIA1 !N ,I CLAIM V]ITY = MY PICTURE 9 :I* ! LA/ IS EQUAL TO ! FIR/ OR1 9 O!R WORDS1 NONE IS TO BE ! FIR/ & NONE ! LA/4 ,9 ?IS PICTURE EV]Y RELIGION HAS ITS FULL & EQUAL PLACE4 ,WE >E ALL LEAVES ( A MAJE/IC TREE :OSE TRUNK CANNOT BE %AK5 (F ITS ROOTS :I* >E DEEP D[N 9 ! B[ELS ( ! E>?4 ,! MI<TIE/ W9D CANNOT MOVE IT4 ,9 ?IS !RE IS NO ROOM = MA*9ES ?AT W\LD DISPLACES HUMAN LABOR & W\LD CONC5TRATE P[] 9 A FEW H&S4 ,LABOR HAS ITS UNIQUE PLACE 9 A CULTUR$ HUMAN FAMILY4 ,EV]Y MA*9E ?AT HELPS EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL HAS A PLACE4 ,BUT ,I MU/ CONFESS ?AT ,I HAVE NEV] SAT D[N TO ?9K \T :AT ?AT MA*9E CAN BE4 ,I HAVE ?\<T ( ,S+]'S SEW+ MA*9E4 ,BUT EV5 ?AT IS P]FUNCTORY4 ,I DO NOT NE$ IT TO FILL 9 MY PICTURE4 7#b#h-#g-#a#i#d#f1 P4 #b#c#f7 

,I KN[ ?AT ! WORK .<( MAK+ AN IDEAL VILLAGE.> IS AS DIFFICULT AS TO MAKE ( ,9DIA AN IDEAL C\NTRY4 ,BUT1 :ILE IT IS POSSIBLE = ONE MAN TO FULFILL HIS AMBITION ) RESPECT TO A S+LE VILLAGE SOME DAY1 ONE MAN'S LIFETIME IS TOO %ORT TO OV]TAKE ! :OLE ( ,9DIA4 ,BUT IF ONE MAN CAN PRODUCE ONE IDEAL VILLAGE1 HE WILL HAVE PROVID$ A PATT]N NOT ONLY = ! :OLE C\NTRY1 BUT P]HAPS = ! :OLE WORLD4 ,MORE ?AN ?IS A SEEK] MAY NOT ASPIRE AFT]4 7,H1 #d-#h-#a#i#d1 P4 #b#c#e7 

,UND] ,VILLAGE ,REPUBLICS 

  

,I HAVE NOT PICTUR$ A POV]TY-/RICK5 ,9DIA CONTA9+ IGNORANT MILLIONS4 ,I HAVE PICTUR$ TO MYSELF AN ,9DIA CONT9UALLY PROGRESS+ ALONG ! L9ES BE/ SUIT$ TO H] G5IUS4 ,I DO NOT1 H[EV]1 PICTURE IT AS A ?IRD-CLASS OR EV5 A FIR/-CLASS COPY ( ! DY+ CIVILIZATION ( ! ,WE/4 ,IF MY DREAM IS FULFILL$1 & EV]Y ONE ( ! SEV5 LAKHS ( VILLAGES BECOMES A WELL-LIV+ REPUBLIC 9 :I* !RE >E NO ILLIT]ATES1 9 :I* NO ONE IS IDLE = WANT ( WORK1 9 :I* EV]YONE IS USEFULLY OCCUPI$ & HAS N\RI%+ FOOD1 WELL-V5TILAT$ DWELL+S1 & SUFFICI5T ,KHADI = COV]+ ! BODY1 & 9 :I* ALL ! VILLAG]S KN[ & OBS]VE ! LAWS ( HYGI5E & SANITATION SU* A ,/ATE MU/ HAVE V>I$ & 9CREAS+ NE$S1 :I* IT MU/ SUPPLY UNLESS IT W\LD /AGNATE4 7,H1 #c-#g-#a#i#c#h1 P4 #b7 

,VILLAGE ,SW>AJ 

  

,MY IDEA ( VILLAGE ,SW>AJ IS ?AT IT IS A COMPLETE REPUBLIC1 9DEP5D5T ( ITS NEI<BORS = ITS [N VITA WANTS & YET 9T]DEP5D5T = MANY O!RS 9 :I* DEP5D5CE IS NECESS>Y4 ,?US1 EV]Y VILLAGE'S FIR/ CONC]N WILL BE TO GR[ ITS [N FOOD CROPS1 & COTTON = ITS CLO?4 ,IT %\LD HAVE A RES]VE = ITS CATTLE1 RECREATION & PLAYGR\ND = ADULTS & *ILDR54 ,!N1 IF !RE IS MORE L& AVAILABLE1 IT WILL GR[ USEFUL MONEY CROPS1 ?US EXCLUD+ ,G,A,N,J,A1 TOBACCO1 OPIUM & ! LIKE4 ,! VILLAGE WILL MA9TA9 A VILLAGE !AT]1 S*OOL & PUBLIC HALL4 ,IT WILL HAVE ITS [N WAT]WORKS 5SUR+ CLEAN WAT] SUPPLY4 ,?IS CAN BE DONE ?R\< CONTROLL$ WELLS OR TANKS4 ,$UCATION WILL BE COMPULSORY UP TO ! F9AL BASIC C\RSE4 ,AS F> AS POSSIBLE1 EV]Y ACTIVITY WILL BE CONDUCT$ ON ! COOP]ATIVE BASIS4 ,!RE WILL BE NO CA/ES SU* AS WE HAVE TODAY ) !IR GRAD$ UNT\*ABILITY4 ,NONVIOL5CE ) ITS TE*NIQUE ( ,SATYAGRAHA & NON-COOP]ATION WILL BE ! SANCTION ( ! VILLAGE COMMUNITY4 ,!RE WILL BE A COMPULSORY S]VICE ( VILLAGE GU>DS :O WILL BE SELECT$ BY ROTATION FROM ! REGI/] MA9TA9$ BY ! VILLAGE4 

,GOV]NM5T ( ,VILLAGE 

  

,! ,GOV]NM5T ( ! VILLAGE WILL BE CONDUCT$ BY ! ,PAN*AYAT ( FIVE P]SONS1 ANNUALLY ELECT$ BY ! ADULT VILLAG]S1 MALE & FEMALE1 POSSESS+ M9IMUM PRESCRIB$ QUALIFICATIONS4 ,!SE WILL HAVE ALL ! AU?ORITY & JURISDICTION REQUIR$4 ,S9CE !RE WILL BE NO SY/EM ( PUNI%M5TS 9 ! ACCEPT$ S5SE1 ?IS ,PAN*AYAT WILL BE ! LEGISLATURE1 JUDICI>Y & EXECUTIVE COMB9$ TO OP]ATE = ITS YE> ( (FICE44444 ,I HAVE NOT EXAM9$ H]E ! QUE/ION ( RELATIONS ) ! NEI<BOR+ VILLAGES & ! C5T] IF ANY4 ,MY PURPOSE IS TO PRES5T AN \TL9E ( VILLAGE GOV]NM5T4 ,H]E !RE IS P]FECT DEMOCRACY BAS$ UPON 9DIVIDUAL FRE$OM4 ,! 9DIVIDUAL IS ! >*ITECT ( HIS [N GOV]NM5T4 ,! LAW ( NONVIOL5CE RULES HIM & HIS GOV]NM5T4 ,HE & HIS VILLAGE >E ABLE TO DEFY ! MI<T ( A WORD4 ,= ! LAW GOV]N+ EV]Y VILLAG] IS ?AT HE WILL SUFF] DEA? 9 ! DEF5SE ( HIS & HIS VILLAGE'S HONOR44444 ,!RE IS NO?+ 9H]5TLY IMPOSSIBLE 9 ! PICTURE DRAWN H]E4 ,TO MODEL SU* A VILLAGE MAY BE ! WORK ( A LIFETIME4 ,ANY LOV] ( TRUE DEMOCRACY & VILLAGE LIFE CAN TAKE UP A VILLAGE1 TREAT IT AS HIS WORLD & SOLE WORK1 & HE WILL F9D GOOD RESULTS4 7,H1 #b#f-#g-#a#i#d#b1 P4 #b#c#h7 

,PUBLIC ,OP9ION 

  

,:5 ,PAN*AYAT ,RAJ IS E/ABLI%$1 PUBLIC OP9ION WILL DO :AT VIOL5CE CAN NEV] DO4 ,! PRES5T P[] ( ! ZAM9D>S1 ! CAPITALI/S & ! RAJAHES CAN HOLD SWAY SO LONG AS ! COMMON PEOPLE DO NOT REALIZE !IR [N /R5G?4 ,IF ! PEOPLE NON-CO-OP]ATE ) ! EVIL ( ZAM9D>I OR CAPITALISM1 IT MU/ DIE ( 9ANITION4 ,9 ,PAN*AYAT ,RAJ1 ONLY ! ,PAN*AYAT WILL BE OBEY$ & ! ,PAN*AYAT CAN ONLY WORK ?R\< ! LAW ( !IR MAK+4 7,H1 #a-#f-#a#i#d#g1 P4 #a#g#b7 

,! REAL RUL]S >E ! TOIL+ MILLIONS4 7,H1 #a#e-#f-#a#i#d#g1 P4 #a#i#c7 

,KISAN-,! ,BACKBONE 

  

,9 ,PAN*AYAT ,RAJ1 ! MAN :O %\LD C\NT MO/ 9 ,9DIA IS NATURALLY ! KISAN4 ,H[ TO ADVANCE HIM IS ! QUE/ION4 7,H1 #g-#a#b-#a#i#d#g1 P4 #d#e#h7 

,! GREAT] ! P[] ( ! ,PAN*AYAT ! BETT] = ! PEOPLE4 ,MOREOV]1 ,PAN*AYAT TO BE EFFECTIVE & EFFICI5T1 ! LEVEL ( PEOPLE'S $UCATION HAS TO BE CONSID]ABLY RAIS$4 ,I DO NOT CONCEIVE ! 9CREASE 9 ! P[] ( ! PEOPLE 9 MILIT>Y1 BUT 9 MORAL T]MS4 ,NATURALLY1 ,I SWE> BY ,N,A,I ,T,A,L,I,M 9 ?IS CONNECTION4 7,H1 #b#a-#a#b-#a#i#d#g1 P4 #d#g#c7 

,FUNCTION ( ,PAN*AYAT 

  

,IT IS ! FUNCTION ( ! ,PAN*AYAT TO REVIVE HONE/Y & 9DU/RY4444 ,IT IS ! FUNCTION ( ! ,PAN*AYATS TO TEA* ! VILLAG]S TO AVOID DISPUTES1 IF !Y HAVE TO SETTLE !M4 ,?IS WILL 5SURE SPE$Y JU/ICE )\T ANY EXP5DITURE4 ,Y\ WILL NE$ NEI!R ! POLICE NOR ! MILIT>Y444 ,!N ! ,PAN*AYAT %\LD SEE TO CATTLE IMPROVEM5T4 ,!Y %\LD %[ /EADY 9CREASE 9 ! MILD YIELD44444 ,! ,PAN*AYAT %\LD ALSO SEE TO AN 9CREASE 9 ! QUANTITY ( FOOD/UFF GR[N 9 !IR VILLAGE4 ,?IS IS TO BE ACCOMPLI%$ BY PROP]LY MATUR+ ! SOIL4 ,Y\ HAVE Y\R 9DIG5\S GAMES4 ,Y\ %\LD BANI% 9TOXICAT+ DR9KS & DRUGS FROM Y\R MID/4 ,I HOPE Y\ WILL ]ADICATE UNT\*ABILITY IF !RE IS ANY TRACE ( IT /ILL 9 Y\ VILLAGE4 ,! ,H9DUS1 ! ,MUSLIMS1 ! ,SIKHS1 ! ,P>SEES & ! ,*RI/IANS %\LD ALL LIVE AS BRO!RS & SI/]S4 ,IF Y\ A*IEVE ALL ,I HAVE M5TION$1 Y\ WILL DEMON/RATE REAL 9DEP5D5CE1 & PEOPLE FROM ALL OV] ,9DIA WILL COME TO SEE Y\R MODEL VILLAGE & TAKE 9SPIRATION FROM IT4 7,H1 #d-#a-#a#i#d#h1 P4 #e7 

,/ATE ,( ,PAN*AYAT 

  

,IF WE W\LD SEE \R DREAM ( ,PAN*AYAT ,RAJ1 I4E41 TRUE DEMOCRACY REALIZ$1 WE W\LD REG>D ! HUMBLE/ & L[E/ ,9DIAN AS BE+ EQUALLY ! RUL] ( ,9DIA ) ! TALLE/ 9 ! L&4 ,?IS PRESUPPOSES ?AT ALL >E PURE OR WILL BECOME PURE IF !Y >E NOT4 ,& PURITY MU/ GO H&-9-H& ) WISDOM4 ,NO ONE W\LD !N H>BOR ANY DI/9CTION BETWE5 COMMUNITY1 CA/E & \T-CA/E4 ,EV]YBODY W\LD REG>D ALL AS EQUAL ) ONESELF & HOLD !M TOGE!R 9 ! SILK5 NET ( LOVE4 ,NO ONE W\LD REG>D ANO!R AS UNT\*ABLE4 ,WE W\LD HOLD AS EQUAL ! TOIL+ LABOR] & ! RI* CAPITALI/4 ,EV]YBODY W\LD KN[ H[ TO E>N AN HONE/ LIV+ BY ! SWEAT ( ONE'S BR[ & MAKE NO DI/9CTION BETWE5 9TELLECTUAL & PHYSICAL LABOR4 ,TO HA/5 ?IS CONSUMMATION1 WE W\LD VOLUNT>ILY TURN \RSELVES 9TO SCAV5G]S4 ,NO ONE :O HAS WISDOM WILL EV] T\* OPIUM1 LIQUOR OR ANY 9TOXICANTS4 ,EV]YBODY W\LD OBS]VE ,SWADE%I AS ! RULE ( LIFE & MAN W\LD REG>D EV]Y WOMAN1 NOT BE+ HIS WIFE1 AS HIS MO!R1 SI/] OR DAU<T] ACCORD+ TO H] AGE1 NEV] LU/ AFT] H] 9 HIS HE>T4 ,HE W\LD BE READY TO LAY D[N HIS LIFE :5 OCCASION DEM&S IT1 NEV] WANT TO TAKE ANO!R'S LIFE444 ,H1 #a#h-#a-#a#i#d#h1 P4 #e#a#g7 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
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