,=EWORDS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,G&HI 

,TEXT 3 

,=,E,W,O,R,D ,T,O ,! ,R,E,V,I,S,$ ,$,I,T,I,O,N 

  

,IT GIVES ME PLEASURE ?AT A NEW1 REVIS$ & 5L>G$ $ITION ( ,! ,M9D ( ,MAHATMA ,G&HI1 $IT$ BY ,%RI ,PRABHU & ,%RI ,RAO IS BE+ PUBLI%$ BY ! ,NAVAJIVAN ,TRU/4 ,! FIR/ TWO $ITIONS ( ! BOOK W]E V]Y POPUL> & ITS TRANSLATIONS HAD APPE>$ 9 SEV]AL LANGUAGES4 

,9 ! NEW $ITION1 ,G&HIJI'S ?\<TS 9 ! LA/ FEW YE>S ( HIS LIFE HAVE BE5 9CORPORAT$4 ,?US ! BOOK HAS BE5 BR\<T UPTODATC4 

0,:O1 9DE$1 CAN CLAIM TO KN[ ! M9D ( ! ,GREAT80 IS A FAM\S SAY+ ( ! ,POET ,BHAVABHUTI4 ,G&HIJI WAS A GREAT MAN2 NEV]!LESS1 HE HAD LAID B>E HIS M9D 9 ITS FULLNESS BE=E ! WORLD4 ,= HIS P>T1 HE HAD P]MITT$ NO SECRECY4 ,EV5 SO1 ,I MU/ CONFESS1 ! LA/ *APT] ( HIS LIFE1 :I* ,I HAVE CALL$ ! 0,SW>GA-ROHAN ,P>VA01 OR ! *APT] ( ! 0,ASC5T TO ,HEAV501 REMA9S A MY/]Y TO ME4 ,9DE$1 9 MY EYES1 IT /&S EQUAL TO ! LA/ PHASE ( ,LORD ,KRI%NA'S LEELA ,TO UNRAVEL ITS MY/]Y1 IT MAY BECOME NECESS>Y = ,G&HIJI HIMSELF TO BE BORN AGA94 ,TILL !N1 ,I HOPE1 ?IS BOOK WILL BE AN ESS5TIAL HELP = UND]/&+ ,G&HIJI'S M9D TO ?OSE :O >E /RIV+ TO E/ABLI% ,S>VODAYA & >E SE>*+ = ,TRU?4 

,KI%ANGANJ ,VICTORY TO ! ,WORLD6 

,PURNEA ,DI/RICT 

,BIH> ,VL,N,O,B,A 

,MAY #a#b1 #aiff 

,=,E,W,O,R,D ,T,O ,! ,F,I,R,/ ,& ,S,E,C,O,N,D ,$,I,T,I,O,N,S 

  

,ONLY N[ & AGA9 DOES !RE >ISE ABOVE ! COMMON LEVEL SOME R>E SPIRIT1 :O1 HAV+ ?\<T AB\T ,GOD MORE DEEPLY1 REFLECTS MORE CLE>LY ! DIV9E PURPOSE & PUTS 9TO PRACTICE MORE C\RAGE\SLY ! DIV9E GUIDANCE4 ,! LI<T ( SU* %9ES LIKE A /RONG BEACON ON A D>K & DISORD]$ WORLD4 ,G&HI BELONGS TO ! RACE ( ! PROPHETS :O HAVE ! C\RAGE ( ! HE>T1 ! C\RTESY ( ! SPIRIT & ! LAU<T] ( ! UNAFRAID4 ,?R\< HIS LIFE & TEA*+1 HE BE>S TE/IMONY TO ! VALUES = :I* ?IS C\NTRY HAS /OOD = AGES1 FAI? 9 SPIRIT1 RESPECT = ITS MY/]IES1 ! BEAUTY ( HOL9ESS1 ! ACCEPTANCE ( LIFE'S OBLIGATIONS1 ! VALIDITY ( *>ACT]1 VALUES :I* >E NEI!R NATIONAL NOR 9T]NATIONAL1 BUT UNIV]SAL4 

,!RE >E MANY :O DISMISS ,G&HI AS A PR(ESSIONAL POLITICIAN :O BUNGLES AT CRITICAL MOM5TS4 ,9 ONE S5SE POLITICS IS A PR(ESSION & ! POLITICIAN IS ONE TRA9$ TO TRANSACT PUBLIC BUS9ESS 9 AN EFFICI5T MANN]4 ,!RE IS ANO!R S5SE 9 :I* POLITICS IS A VOCATION & ! POLITICIAN IS ONE :O IS CONSCI\S ( A MISSION TO SAVE HIS PEOPLE & 9SPIRE !M ) FAI? 9 ,GOD & LOVE ( HUMANITY4 ,SU* A ONE MAY FAIL 9 ! PRACTICAL BUS9ESS ( GOV]NM5T1 BUT SUCCE$ 9 FILL+ HIS FELL[S ) AN 9V9CIBLE FAI? 9 !IR COMMON CAUSE4 ,G&HI IS ESS5TIALLY A POLITICIAN 9 ! SECOND S5SE4 ,HE HAS FIRM FAI? ?AT WE CAN BUILD A WORLD )\T POV]TY & UNEMPLOYM5T1 )\T W>S & BLOOD%$1 IF ONLY WE GET AN*OR$ 9 ! WORLD ( SPIRIT4 ,HE SAYS3 ',! WORLD ( TOMORR[ WILL BE1 MU/ BE1 A SOCIETY BAS$ ON NONVIOL5CE4 ,IT MAY SEEM A DI/ANT GOAL1 AN UNPRACTICAL ,UTOPIA4 ,BUT IT IS NOT 9 ! LEA/ UNOBTA9ABLE1 S9CE IT CAN BE WORK$ FROM H]E & N[4 ,AN 9DIVIDUAL CAN ADOPT ! WAY ( LIFE ( ! FUTURE--! NONVIOL5T WAY-- )\T HAV+ TO WAIT = O!RS TO DO SO4 ,& IF AN 9DIVIDUAL CAN DO IT4 CANNOT :OLE GR\PS ( 9DIVIDUALS8 ,:OLE NATIONS8 ,M5 (T5 HESITATE TO MAKE A BEG9N+ BECAUSE !Y FEEL ?AT ! OBJECTIVE CANNOT BE A*IEV$ 9 ITS 5TIRETY4 ,?IS ATTITUDE ( M9D IS PRECISELY \R GREATE/ OB/ACLE TO PROGRESS--AN OB/ACLE ?AT EA* MAN1 IF HE ONLY WILLS IT1 CAN CL5R AWAY4' 

,!RE IS A COMMON CRITICISM ?AT ,G&HIJI'S VISION \TSO>S HIS P]CEPTION1 ?AT HE PROCE$S ON ! COM=TABLE BUT 9CORRECT ASSUMPTION ?AT ! WORLD CONSI/S ( SA9TS4 ,?IS IS A MISREPRES5TATION ( ,G&HI'S VIEWS4 ,HE KN[S ?AT LIFE AT BE/ IS A LONG SECOND BE/1 A P]PETUAL COMPROMISE BETWE5 ! IDEAL & ! POSSIBLE4 ,! K+DOM ( ,GOD KN[S NO COMPROMISE1 NO PRACTICAL LIMITATIONS4 ,BUT H]E ON E>? !RE >E ! PITILESS LAWS ( NATURE4 ,WE HAVE TO BUILD AN ORD]$ COSMOS ON ! BASIS ( HUMAN PASSIONS4 ,?R\< EF=T & DIFFICULTY IDEALS /RUGGLE TO REALIZATION4 ,?\< ,G&HI FEELS ?AT NONVIOL5CE IS ! IDEAL ( A CIVILIZ$ SOCIETY1 HE P]MITS ! USE-( =CE4 ',IF ONE HAS ! C\RAGE1 ,I WANT MM TO CUII4IVD4TC UIE >T ( KILL+ & BE+ KILL$1 RA!R ?AN 9 A C[>DLY MANN] FLEE FROM DANG]4' ',! WORLD IS NOT 5TIRELY GOV]N$ BY LOGIC4 ,LIFE ITSELF 9VOLVES SOME K9D ( VIOL5CE & WE HAVE TO *OOSE ! PA? ( LEA/ VIOL5CE4' ,9 ! PROGRESS ( SOCIETIES ?REE /AGES >E M>K$1 ! FIR/ :]E ! LAW ( ! JUNGLE PREVAILS1 :]E WE HAVE VIOL5CE & SELFI%NESS2 ! SECOND :]E WE HAVE ! RULE ( LAW & IMP>TIAL JU/ICE ) C\RTS1 POLICE & PRISONS1 & ! ?IRD :]E WE HAVE NONVIOL5CE & UNSELFI%NESS1 :]E LOVE & LAW >E ONE4 ,! LA/ IS ! GOAL ( CIVILIZ$ HUMANITY & IT IS BR\<T NE>] BY ! LIFE & WORK ( M5 LIKE ,G&HI4 

,!RE IS SO MU* MISUND]/&+ TODAY AB\T ,G&HI'S VIEWS & WAYS ( ?9K+4 ,?IS BOOK1 :]E WE F9D COLLECT$ TOGE!R ! RELEVANT EXTRACTS FROM ,G&HI'S [N WRIT+S ON ! C5TRAL PR9CIPLES ( HIS FAI? & CONDUCT1 WILL HELP TO MAKE ,G&HI'S POSITION CLE>] TO ! MOD]N M9D4 

,B5>ES ,S ,RADHAKRI%NAN 

#d ,APRIL #aide 

,LIB]TY4 ,LONDON1 #aica 

,H>IJAN1 I 04-#a-#a#i#c#c1 P4 #dac 

,H>IJAN1 #b#h-#i-#a#i#c#d1 P4 #bei 

,P,R,E,F,A,C,E ,T,O ,! ,R,E,V,I,S,$ ,$,I,T,I,O,N 

  

,TO JUDGE A GREAT MAN OR TO DECIDE HIS PLACE 9 HI/ORY1 DUR+ HIS LIFE-TIME1 IS NOT EASY4 ,G&HIJI HAD ONCE OBS]V$3 0,SOLON F\ND IT DIFFICULT TO PRON\NCE ON A MAN'S HAPP9ESS DUR+ HIS LIFE2 H[ MU* MORE DIFFICULT IT MU/ BE TO ADJUDGE ON A MAN'S GREATNESS80 ,ON ANO!R OCCASION1 SPEAK+ ( HIMSELF1 HE HAD SAID3 0,IT WILL BE TIME 5\< TO PRON\NCE A V]DICT UPON MY WORK AFT] MY EYES >E CLOS$1 & ?IS TAB]NACLE IS CONSIGN$ TO ! FLAMES40 ,N9ETE5 YE>S HAVE N[ PASS$ S9CE HE DI$--A M>TYR4 

,HIS DEA? WAS M\RN$ BY ! 5TIRE WORLD1 SURELY AS NO O!R DEA? 9 HUMAN HI/ORY4 ,GRIEF AT HIS PASS+ AWAY WAS 5HANC$ BY ! MANN] ( IT4 ,AS ONE OBS]V] PUT IT1 HIS ASSASS9ATION W\LD BE REMEMB]$ = C5TURIES TO COME4 ,! ,HE>/ ,PRESS ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES BELIEV$ ?AT ITS EMOTIONAL IMPACT UPON ! WORLD AT ! TIME HAD NO P>ALLEL 9 HUMAN ANNALS S9CE ! SIMIL> M>TYRDOM ( ,L9COLN4 ,IT C\LD APTLY BE SAID ALSO ( ,G&HIJI ?AT 0HE N[ BELONGS TO ! ,AGES04 ,ONE RECALLS ,JAWAH>LAL ,NEHRU'S MEMORABLE WORDS ON ?AT SOMB] NI<T3 0,ALI<T HAS GONE \T ( \R LIVES01 A S5TIM5T :I* ! ,NEW ,YORK ,TIMES1 ON ,JANU>Y #c#a1 #a#i#d#h1 UND]SCOR$1 ADD+ ?AT IT REMA9$ = ! 9EXORABLE H& ( HI/ORY TO WRITE D[N ! RE/4 ,:AT1 !N1 WILL HI/ORY'S V]DICT BE ON ,G&HIJI8 

,IF CONTEMPOR>Y OP9ION IS TO BE REG>D$1 ,G&HIJI W\LD BE PLAC$ SIDE BY SIDE ) ! GREATE/ M5 ( HUMAN HI/ORY4 ,:ILE ,E4 ,M4 ,=/] BELIEV$ ?AT HE WAS LIKELY TO BE CONSID]$ ! GREATE/ MAN ( \R C5TURY1 ,>NOLD ,TOYNBEE IS CONV9C$ ?AT HE C]TA9LY IS4 ,DR4 ,J4 ,H4 ,HOLMES (F]$ A MORE CONCRETE E/IMATE :5 HE DESCRIB$ ,G&HIJI AS 0! GREATE/ ,9DIAN S9CE ,GAUTAMA ! ,BUDDHA & ! GREATE/ MAN S9CE ,JESUS ,*RI/04 ,9 ! HE>TS ( HIS PEOPLE1 H[EV]1 HE IS LIKELY TO BE 5%R9$ AS ! ,MAHATMA1 OR1 MORE 5DE>+LY1 AS ,BAPU--! ',FA!R ( ! ,NATION' :O L$ IT TO FRE$OM--?R\< A BLOODLESS REVOLUTION4 

,:AT ATTRIBUTES 9 ,G&HIJI CON/ITUT$ ! FIB] ( GREATNESS8 ,HE WAS NOT M]ELY A GREAT MAN2 RA!R1 HE WAS BO? A GREAT & A GOOD MAN--A COMB9ATION :I*1 AS A CRITIC PUT IT--IS TOO R>ELY A*IEV$ & TOO LITTLE APPRECIAT$4 ,ONE RECALLS ,GEORGE ,B]N>D ,%AW'S LACONIC COMM5T3 0,IT IS DANG]\S TO BE TOE GOOD40 

,HI/ORY WILL ALSO RECORD ?AT ?IS LITTLE MAN -HELD TREM5D\S--ALMO/ UNP>ALLEL$--SWAY OV] ! M9DS ( HIS FELL[ M54 ,/RANGELY1 = ?AT COMM& WAS BACK$ BY NO SANCTIONS ( TEMPORAL P[] OR ! MI<T ( >MS4 ,! CLUE TO ?IS 5IGMA1 IF 5IGMA IT WAS1 LAY 9 ,G&HIJI'S P]SONAL *>ACT] & EXAMPLE1 ACCORD+ TO ,LORD ,HALIFAX :O1 AS ,VIC]OY DUR+ ! DAYS ( ,G&HIJI'S ,SALT ,SATYAGRAHA1 CAME V]Y CLOSE TO UND]/&+ HIM4 ,IT WAS ?AT /R5G? ( *>ACT] & ( PRACTICE1 AS DI/+UI%$ FROM PRECEPT1 ?AT 5ABL$ ,G&HIJI TO 9FLU5CE SO DEEPLY ! ?\<T ( HIS G5]ATION4 ,9DE$1 ,PR(4 ,L4 ,W4 ,GR5/$ HOLDS ?AT ,G&HIJI'S GREATNESS LAY NOT 9 HIS A*IEVEM5T1 BUT 9 HIS *>ACT]4 ,TO ?IS ,PHILIP ,NOEL-,BAK] W\LD ADD PURITY ( MOTIVE & SELFLESS DEVOTION TO ! CAUSE 9 :I* HE BELIEV$4 

,BUT ?IS1 SURELY1 IS NOT ALL ! REASON = ,G&HIJI'S UNPREC$5T$ ASC5DANCY4 ,REG9ALD ,SOR5S51 TO CITE AGA9 CONTEMPOR>Y TE/IMONY1 BELIEV$ ?AT IF ,G&HIJI EX]CIS$ AN 9FLU5CE BEYOND CALCULATION NOT ONLY 9 ,9DIA BUT UPON \R MOD]N AGE1 IT WAS BECAUSE HE BORE WITNESS TO ! P[] ( ! SPIRIT & S\<T TO IMPLEM5T IT 9 HIS POLITICAL ACTIVITIES4 ,H]E1 !N1 9 HIS REAFFIRMATION ( FAI? 9 ! HUMAN SPIRIT AS WELL AS 9 HIS 9TRODUCTION ( SPIRITUAL VALUES & TE*NIQUES 9 MUNDANE MATT]S LIES ! UNIQU5ESS ( ,G&HIJI4 ,IT IS 9 ?IS CONTEXT ?AT ,DR4 ,FRANCIS ,NEILSON SAYS ( ,G&HIJI3 0,A ,DIOG5ES 9 ACTION1 A ,/4 ,FRANCIS 9 HUMILITY1 A ,SOCRATES 9 WISDOM1 HE REVEALS TO ! WORLD ! UTT] PALTR9ESS ( ! ME?ODS ( ! /ATESMAN :O RELIES UPON =CE TO GA9 HIS 5D4 ,9 ?IS CONTE/1 SPIRITUAL 9TEGRITY TRIUMPHS OV] ! PHYSICAL OPPOSITION ( ! =CES ( ! ,/ATE40 

,G&HIJI HAD PITT$ AGA9/ ! ORGANIZ$ MI<T ( ! ,/ATE ! PURE /R5G? ( ,NON-,VIOL5CE & ,TRU?4 ,& HE HAD WON4 ,BUT ! GOSPEL ( ,NONVIOL5CE & ,TRU? :I* HE HAD PREA*$ & PRACTIC$ WAS NO NEW PHILOSOPHY4 ,HE HAD 9DE$ ADMITT$1 NAY EV5 CLAIM$1 ?AT IT WAS 0AS OLD AS ! HILLS04 ,ONLY1 HE HAD RESURRECT$ ?AT PHILOSOPHY & US$ IT ON A NEW PLANE4 ,9 CON=MITY ) HIS BELIEF ?AT ,TRU?1 AS A LIV+ PR9CIPLE1 HAS GR[? & AS SU*1 IS B\ND TO REVEAL TO ANY E>NE/ VOT>Y ( IT1 NEW] & NEW] FACETS ( IT1 HE CLAIM$ TO HAVE DISCOV]$ NEW DIM5SIONS & NEW POT5CIES 9 ! PR9CIPLE ( ,NONVIOL5CE4 ,TRUE1 ?AT PR9CIPLE WAS ONLY ! OBV]SE ( ?AT ( ,TRU?2 BUT1 = ?AT V]Y REASON1 9SEP>ABLE FROM IT4 ,G&HIJI HAD MADE IT HIS LIFE-MISSION TO BR+ HOME TO HIS FELL[ M5 ALL OV] ! WORLD ! CONVICTION ?AT !RE IS NO SALVATION = !M1 :E!R AS 9DIVIDUALS1 COMMUNITIES OR NATIONS1 UNLESS !Y TREAD ! PA? ( ,NONVIOL5CE & ,TRU?4 

,?AT PA? 9 POLITICS IMPLI$--& IMPLIES--:AT ONE CRITIC PUT AS A REVOLUTION MU* MORE RADICAL ?AN ANY O!R1 BECAUSE IT MEANT ?AT WE MU/ *ANGE ! :OLE ORD] ( P]SONAL OR POLITICAL LIFE1 OR *ANGE NO?+4 ,BUT1 = ,G&HIJI !RE WAS OR C\LD BE NO WALL ( SEP>ATION BETWE5 ! P]SONAL & ! PUBLIC1 ! 9N] & ! \T] LIFE ( MAN4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT HE /OOD CLE>LY AP>T FROM & ABOVE MO/ ( ! WORLD'S POLITICIANS & /ATESM54 ,& !RE9 LAY ! SECRET ( HIS /R5G?4 

,G&HIJI HAS HIMSELF OBS]V$ ?AT :ATEV] P[]1 :ATEV] 9FLU5CE HE HAD POSSESS$ OR EX]CIS$ HAD BE5 D]IV$ FROM RELIGION4 ,/AF=D ,CRIPPS HAD P]HAPS ?IS FACT 9 M9D :5 HE REM>K$ ?AT !RE HAS BE5 NO GREAT] SPIRITUAL LEAD] 9 ! WORLD ( \R TIME4 ,MAN*E/] ,GU>DIAN1 ON ,JANU>Y #c#a1 #a#i#d#h1 SUMM$ UP ?IS ASPECT ( ,G&HIJI'S P]SONALITY :5 IT WROTE3 0,HE IS1 ABOVE ALL1 ! MAN :O REVIV$ & REFRE%$ \R S5SE ( ! MEAN+ & VALUE ( RELIGION4 ,?\< HE HAD NOT ! ALL- COMPREH5D+ 9TELLECT OR ! EMOTIONAL RI*ES :I* CAN CON/RUCT A NEW PHILOSOPHY OR A NEW RELIGION1 YET ! /R5G? & PURITY ( HIS MORAL URGE W]E CLE>LY D]IV$ FROM DEEP RELIGI\S FEEL+S44440 

,! WORLD TODAY ADMITT$LY /&S ON ! V]GE ( DISA/] ?AT MAY WELL BE IRRETRIEVABLE4 ,! REASON3 ! CON/ANT IDEOLOGICAL CONFLICT1 ! FI]CE RACE HATR$S ?AT MAY LEAD TO W>S MORE T]RIBLE ?AN ANY 9 HI/ORY1 & ! EV]-PRES5T ?REAT ( NUCLE> PROLIF]ATION1 9VOLV+ ! POSSIBILITY ( UNIMAG9ABLE DE/RUCTION4 ,?US SITUAT$1 MANK9D HAS TO MAKE ITS *OICE--= ITS %E] SURVIVAL--BETWE5 ! MORAL & ! MAT]IAL =CES4 ,! LATT] >E LEAD+ HUMANITY HEADLONG ON ! ROAD TO SELF-ANNIHILATION4 ,G&HIJI %[S ! O!R ROAD1 BECAUSE HE REPRES5TS ! MORAL =CES4 ,MAYBE1 IT IS NO NEW ROAD4 ,BUT IT IS ! ROAD :I* ! WORLD HAS EI!R =GOTT5 SO LONG OR HAS NOT HAD ! C\RAGE TO TAKE1 & :I* IT CAN N[ IGNORE ONLY AT ! CO/ ( ITS V]Y EXI/5CE4 

,H]E 9 ?IS BOOK ( HIS [N WORDS1 ! ,MAHATMA SPEAKS1 & SPEAKS = HIMSELF1 ) NO 9T]PRET] BETWE5 HIM & ! READ]1 = NONE IS NECESS>Y4 ,WE/]N PEOPLE HAVE SOMETIMES EXPRESS$ DIFFICULTY 9 UND]/&+ HIM4 ,NOTE1 = 9/ANCE1 ,HORACE ,ALEX&]'S /ATEM5T ?AT1 9 SOME WAYS1 ,G&HIJI'S DEEP METAPHYSICAL REASON+S C\LD BE V]Y BAFFL+ TO ! ,ANGLO-,SAXON M9D4 ,?IS VOLUME (F]S BASIC MAT]IAL = UND]/&+ ,G&HIJI'S M9D ON MATT]S MORAL1 SOCIAL1 POLITICAL & SPIRITUAL4 ,! ADVANC$ /UD5T ( PSY*OLOGY1 H[EV]1 MAY NE$ TO PROBE DEEP] 9TO ! FUNDAM5TAL ORIG9S & S\RCES ( ,G&HIJI'S MOTIVATION & CONDUCT4 ,TO HIM ?IS WORK CAN ONLY BE A S\RCE ( REF]5CE4 

,! PRES5T REVIS$ & 5L>G$ $ITION APPE>S OV] TW5TY YE>S AFT] ! E>LI] ONES4 ,IT 9CORPORATES :AT !Y C\LD NOT3 ! ?\<T & PHILOSOPHY ( ,G&HIJI'S CRUCIAL F9AL YE>S3 #a#i#d#f-#d#h1 :5 HE ROSE TO ! TRANSC5D5TAL HEI<TS ( ! HUMAN SPIRIT--ABOVE CA/E1 CRE$1 P>TY1 & EV5 C\NTRY4 ,!N HE BELONG$1 MORE TRULY ?AN EV]1 TO ALL HUMANITY4 ,=1 9 ?OSE YE>S :I* L$ HIM 9EVITABLY TO ! SUPREME D5\EM5T ( M>TYRDOM 9 DEF5SE ( HIS FAI?1 HE PREA*$ & PRACTIC$ ! RELIGION ( HUMANITY1 ! RELIGION BY :I* ALONE MANK9D CAN SURVIVE4 ,& IT IS BECAUSE ( ?IS ?AT ! VIEWS & OP9IONS :I* HE HAD EXPRESS$ 9 ?OSE LA/ YE>'S ASSUME = US & PO/]ITY A SANCTITY & A VAL$ICTORY F9ALITY :I* MAKE !M 9DISP5SABLE TO ! COMPREH5SION ( ! TOTALITY ( HIS M9D4 ,!IR ASSIMILATION 9 ! PRES5T VOLUME HAS 9VOLV$ ! 9TRODUCTION ( SOME NEW *APT]S & ! 5L>GEM5T ( SEV]AL ( ! OLD ONES4 

,AGA91 ! E>LI] $ITIONS SUFF]$ SOME:AT FROM ! EXCLUSION L>GELY1 IF NOT :OLLY1 ( MO/ ( HIS ?\<TS ON PROBLEMS ( PURELY ,9DIAN 9T]E/4 ,?IS WAS DONE ON GR\NDS BO? ( LIMITATIONS ( SPACE & ! NE$S ( ! WID] READ]%IP ABROAD4 ,! DEFECT NE$$ TO BE REM$I$ IF ! P]SONALITY & VISION ( ,G&HIJI HAD TO BE UND]/OOD 9 !IR FULLNESS4 ,9 HIS EYES1 ,9DIA HAD A MISSION = ! WORLD1 & HE BAD WANT$ H] TO BE AT ONCE ! EXAMPLE & ! EXPON5T ( HIS PHILOSOPHY4 ,?IS ,9DIA ( HIS DREAMS IS N[ PRES5T$ 9 AN ALMO/ 5TIRELY NEW SECTION3 0,FRE$OM & ,DEMOCRACY04 

,!RE HAS ALSO BE5 A NOTICEABLE RE-ORGANIZATION & RE->RANGEM5T ( ! MAT]IAL :I* IS CALCULAT$ TO FULFILL BETT] ! AIM & PURPOSE ( ! BOOK4 

,! COMPIL]S' GRATEFUL ACKN[L$GM5TS >E DUE & >E H]E MADE TO ! PUBLI%]S ( ALL ! BOOKS1 P]IODICALS ETC41 FROM :I* ! MAT]IAL HAS HAD TO BE DRAWN 9 ! PREP>ATION ( ?IS VOLUME4 ,! COMPIL]S >E DEEPLY GRATEFUL TO ,A*>YA ,V9OBA ,BHAVE = WRIT+ A =EWORD ( GREAT SIGNIFICANCE TO ! NEW $ITION4 

,IT REMA9S ONLY TO ADD A P]SONAL NOTE4 ,?IS PREFACE APPE>S2 IT WILL BE SE51 UND] ! 9ITIALS ( ONLY ONE ( ! COMPIL]S4 ,=1 ! O!R IS NO MORE4 ,R4 ,K4 ,PRABU1 LIFE-LONG /UD5T & FAI?FUL EXPON5T ( ,G&HIJI'S TEA*+S1 FRI5D1 PHILOSOPH] & GUIDE TO MANY 9CLUD+ HIS COLLABORATOR1 PASS$ AWAY ON ,JANU>Y #d4 ,?IS WAS BE=E ! PREFACE TO ! NEW $ITION C\LD BE DRAWN UP & ! BOOK ITSELF PUBLI%$4 ,= MU* ( :AT HAS BE5 WRITT5 H]E1 !RE=E1 ! RESPONSIBILITY IS ?AT ( ! SURVIV+ COMPIL]2 LIKEWISE1 ! BLAME = ?AT :I* \<T TO HAVE BE5 SAID1 BUT IS NOT4 ,YET1 BO? RESPONSIBILITY & BLAME /& SOME:AT MITIGAT$ 9 ?AT ! PRES5T WRIT] HAD REC\RSE TO ! R&OM JOTT+S & LUCUBRATIONS1 AS ,PRABHU CALL$ !M1 CONVEY$ 9 HIS LETT]S ALMO/ TO ! LA/ DAY4 

,= ?IRTY YE>S ! PRES5T WRIT] HAS BE5 PRIVILEG$ TO 5JOY ,PRABHU'S FRI5D%IP &1 = QUITE SOME ( !M1 ACTIVE COLLABORATION ) HIM4 ,NO TRIBUTE ?AT HE CAN PAY1 !RE=E1 MAY BE ADEQUATE 9 HIS [N EYES3 = A SIMIL> REASON1 NONE ?AT HE PAYS MAY APPE> :OLLY IMP>TIAL 9 ?OSE ( ! READ]S1 ,PRABHU WAS ! ORIG9ATOR ( ! 0GR&0 ,G&HI PROJECT :I* WAS TO 5COMPASS ?IS & SEV]AL O!R VOLUMES ( ,G&HIJI'S ?\<T & PHILOSOPHY4 ,ONLY ?REE1 H[EV]1 C\LD MAT]IALIZE FROM ! JO9T LABORS4 ,=TUNATELY1 ,PRABHU BY HIMSELF PRODUC$ SEV]AL O!RS BIG & SMALL1 ALL PUBLI%$ BY ,NAVAJIVAN4 ,IT IS = ! S]I\S /UD5T ( ,G&HIAN LIT]ATURE TO EVALUATE ,PRABHU'S CONTRIBUTION TO IT4 ,HIS COLLABORATOR MU/ CONT5T HIMSELF ) ACKN[L$G+ HIS DEBT TO ONE :O GAVE HIM HIS 9SPIRATION1 9ITIATION & ASSOCIATION4 

,TWO V]Y SPECIAL & UNSOLICIT$ OBS]VATIONS AS TO ,PRABHU'S PLACE 9 ! FIELD ( ,G&HI COMPILATIONS MAY1 H[EV]1 BE CIT$ H]E4 ,ONE1 ,G&HIJI'S [N1 MADE TO ! COMPIL]S DUR+ A MEMORABLE 9T]VIEW ON ,JUNE #b#g1 #a#i#d#d1 AT ! ,NATURE ,CURE ,CL9IC 9 ,POONA3 0,Y\ >E SATURAT$ ) ! SPIRIT ( MY WRIT+S40 ,! O!R BY A NOTABLE PHILOSOPH]-9T]PRET] ( ,G&HIJI3 ,DR4 ,S>VEPALLI ,RADHAKRI%NAN :O1 9 A P]SONAL MESSAGE ( CONDOL5CE ON ,PRABHU'S DEA?1 WROTE3 0,! PUBLICATION ( HIS WORK ON ,G&HIJI WILL BE A GOOD REM9D] TO US ALL ( HIS MA9 LIFE-9T]E/40 

,U4 ,R4 ,R4 

,NEW ,DELHI 

,JANU>Y #a#c1 #aifg 

,P,R,E,F,A,C,E ,T,O ,! ,F,I,R,/ ,& ,S,E,C,O,N,D ,$,I,T,I,O,N,S 

  

',G,&,H,I IS AN 5IGMA4' ,H[ (T5 DOES ONE HE> ?IS SAID1 NOT ONLY BY PEOPLE :O >E CRITICAL ( HIS UTT]ANCES & DO+S1 BUT EV5 BY ?OSE CLOSELY ASSOCIAT$ ) HIM6 ,?IS IS ! MORE SURPRIS+ BECAUSE1 = ! PA/ FIFTY YE>S1 HE HAS HAD ALMO/ NO PRIVATE LIFE4 ,HE IS SC>CELY EV] ALONE1 & WORKS1 TALKS1 M$ITATES1 PRAYS & EATS 9 ! COMPANY ( HIS FOLL[]S4 ,:5 HE SLEEPS1 IT IS 9 ! OP5 AIR 9 A DORMITORY1 SELDOM 9 A ROOM ( HIS [N4 

,?AT !RE HAVE BE5 CONTRADICTIONS 9 HIS LIFE ,G&HIJI HAS (T5 ADMITT$4 ,F> FROM EXCUS+ HIMSELF = !M1 HE HAS /AT$1 ',I HAVE NEV] MADE A FETI% ( CONSI/5CY4 ,I AM A VOT>Y ( TRU? & ,I MU/ SAY :AT ,I FEEL & ?9K AT A GIV5 MOM5T ON ! QUE/ION1 )\T REG>D TO :AT ,I MAY HAVE SAID BE=E ON IT444 ,AS MY VISION GETS CLE>]1 MY VIEWS MU/ GR[ CLE>] ) DAILY PRACTICE4' ,HE BELIEV$ ?AT HIS 9CONSI/5CIES HAVE BE5 M]ELY APP>5T4 ',!RE IS1 ,I FANCY1 A ME?OD 9 MY 9CONSI/5CES1' HE HAS WRITT54 ,SOME ( HIS 9CONSI/5CIES SPR+ FROM ?AT SPIRIT ( COMPROMISE :I* IS AN 9ALI5ABLE P>T ( HIS SPIRITUAL MAKE-UP4 ',ALL MY LIFE1' HE HAS REM>K$1 '! V]Y 9SI/5CE ON TRU? HAS TAU<T ME TO APPRECIATE ! BEAUTY ( COMPROMISE4' ,IT IS HIS HOMAGE TO TRU? ?AT LEADS HIM TO RECOGNIZE ! TRU? 9 ! VIEWPO9TS ( O!RS4 ,AT ! SAME TIME HE HOLDS ?AT !RE >E ET]NAL PR9CIPLES :I* ADMIT ( NO COMPROMISE & ?AT ONE MU/ BE PREP>$ TO LAY D[N ONE'S LIFE 9 !IR PRACTICE4 

,! RIDDLE ( ,G&HIJI'S M9D IS ! RIDDLE ( HIS S\L4 ',LE COEUR A SES RAISON1 QUE LA RAISON NE CONNAIT PO9T4' ,HIS PHILOSOPHY HAS TO BE SYN!SIZ$ FROM SCATT]$ WRIT+S & UTT]ANCES4 ,HE HAS NEV] SAT D[N TO WRITE A COMPLETE /ATEM5T ( HIS CRE$1 & ! V]Y TITLE ( HIS AUTOBIOGRAPHY1 ,! ,/ORY ( ,MY ,EXP]IM5TS ) ,TRU?1 %[S ?AT HE CONSID]S HIMSELF A M]E SEEK]1 READY & ANXI\S TO %>E HIS EXP]I5CES ) O!RS1 BUT CLAIM+ NO F9ALITY = HIS [N CONCLUSIONS4 ,HE IS (I5 ACCUS$ ( IRRESPONSIBILITY = ! WAY 9 :I* HE SPEAKS HIS M9D AT TIMES :5 POLITICAL EXP$I5CY W\LD SEEM TO REQUIRE SIL5CE OR ! EXPRESSION ( SOME O!R PO9T ( VIEW FROM A NATIONAL LEAD]1 BUT HIS ANSW] TO ?IS *>GE IS ?AT IT IS EV]Y MAN'S DUTY TO EXPRESS ! TRU? AS HE SEES IT4 ,IF ! MOTIVE IS PURE1 NO H>M CAN RESULT4 ',I BELIEVE ?AT IF1 9 SPITE ( ! BE/ ( 9T5TIONS1 ONE IS L$ 9TO COMMITT+ MI/AKES1 !Y DO NOT REALLY RESULT 9 H>M TO ! WORLD OR1 = ! MATT] ( ?AT1 ANY 9DIVIDUAL4' 

,9 MATT]S SPIRITUAL HE CLAIMS TO APPLY ! ME?OD ( TRIAL & ]ROR1 ! EXP]IM5TAL ME?OD ( ! SCI5TI/1 & ?\< HE MAY HAVE A*IEV$ NO F9ALITY1 YET1 LIKE AN A/RONOM] :O IS UNDET]R$ BY HIS KN[L$GE ( ,E9/E9'S ,!ORY ( ,RELATIVITY FROM /AT+ ?AT ! MEAN DI/ANCE ( ! ,MOON FROM ! ,E>? IS #b#c#h1#h#e#g MILES1 ,G&HIJI HAS REA*$ A /AGE1 AFT] A LIFE ( 'EXP]IM5TS ) TRU?'1 :5 HIS MORAL JUDGM5TS >E H>D & ASSUR$4 ,9 HIS UNIV]SE1 HE /E]S BY ! />S ( ,TRU?1 ,LOVE & ,LABOR4 ',HAV+ MADE A CEASELESS EF=T TO ATTA9 SELF-PURIFICATION1' HE SAYS1 ,T HAVE DEVELOP$ SOME LITTLE CAPACITY TO HE> '! /ILL SMALL VOICE )9'2 & ?AT 9N] VOICE IS1 = HIM1 ,TRU?4 ,LOVE & ,GOD >E 9T]*ANGEABLE T]MS3 ',MY GOAL IS FRI5D%IP ) ! WORLD4444' ',I REFUSE TO SUSPECT HUMAN NATURE4 ,IT WILL1 IS B\ND TO1 RESPOND TO ANY NOBLE & FRI5DLY ACTION4' ,LA/LY HE BELIEVES '!RE CAN NEV] BE TOO MU* EMPHASIS PLAC$ UPON WORK4' ',IF ALL LABOR$ = !IR BREAD & NO MORE1 !N !RE W\LD BE 5\< FOOD & LEISURE = ALL4' ,!N1 '\R WANTS W\LD BE M9IMIZ$1 \R FOOD W\LD BE SIMPLE4 ,WE %\LD !N EAT TO LIVE1 NOT LIVE TO EAT4' ,G&HIJI IS CONC]N$ ) ! SALVATION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL S\L1 & = HIM HI< ?9K+ IS NOT TO BE SEP>AT$ FROM PLA9 LIV+4 ',I DO WANT GR[?1 ,I DO WANT SELF-DET]M9ATION1 ,I DO WANT FRE$OM1 BUT ,I WANT ALL !SE = ! S\L4' 

,IT MAY BE ( 9T]E/ TO RECORD H[ ?IS WORK CAME TO BE COMPOS$4 ,OV] A DOZ5 YE>S AGO1 ! IDEA OCCURR$ TO ONE ( US ( MAK+ A SY/EMATIC COLLECTION ( ! ET]NAL V]ITIES' EXPRESS$ BY ,G&HIJI 9 HIS WRIT+S & SPEE*ES & /R++ !M TOGE!R SO AS TO BR+ 9TO RELIEF ! PHILOSOPHICAL ?\<T BEH9D !M1 & AF=D AN 9SI<T 9TO ! ,G&HIAN PHILOSOPHY ( LIFE4 ,A PLAN ( A DOZ5 VOLUMES WAS DRAWN UP1 EMBODY+ ,G&HIJI'S ?\<TS ON SU* SUBJECTS AS ,TRU?1 ,NONVIOL5CE1 ,SATYAGRAHA1 ,LOVE1 ,FAI?1 ,NON-POSSESSION1 ,FRE$OM1 ,FA/+1 ,PRAY]1 ,BRAHMA*>YA1 ,LABOR1 ,MA*9]Y1 & SO ON1 AS WELL AS A SEP>ATE VOLUME CONTA9+ ! GI/ ( HIS ?\<TS ON !SE SUBJECTS1 & ! WORK ( COLLECT+ ! MAT]IAL WAS BEGUN4 ,)9 A FEW YE>S1 ! TASK WAS F\ND TO BE SO VA/ ?AT IT WAS NECESS>Y TO 5LI/ ! COOP]ATION ( A FELL[-WORK]1 & S9CE !N BO? ( US HAVE LABOR$ AT IT )\T RESPITE4 ,CIRCUM/ANCES 9T]V5$ DUR+ ! LA/ TWO YE>S :I* OBLIG$ US TO CONC5TRATE \R ATT5TION ON ! LA/ VOLUME1 ! ONE CONTA9+ ! K]NEL ( ,G&HIJI'S TEA*+S AS A :OLE1 & ?IS IS :AT IS N[ PRES5T$ TO ! READ]1 ?\< 9 A MORE COND5S$ =M ?AN WAS ORIG9ALLY PLANN$4 

,! PRO(S ( ?IS WORK W]E SUBMITT$ TO & READ BY ,G&HIJI & WE >E S9C]ELY ?ANKFUL TO HIM = HIS APPROVAL ( \R EF=T & TO ! ,NAVAJIVAN ,TRU/EES = P]MISSION TO MAKE USE ( HIS WRIT+S4 ,WE >E ALSO ?ANKFUL TO ,%RI ,KANU ,G&HI = ALL[+ US TO REPRODUCE 9 ?IS WORK ONE ( HIS PHOTOGRAPHS ( ,G&HIJI4 

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,*RONOLOGY 3 
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,JANU>Y #a#f1 #bbb 3 ,=EWORDS -- ,UPDAT$4 

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