,*APT] #e ,LESSONS ( ! ,WORK+-,CLASS ,MOVEM5T 9 ,RUSSIA ,APPLICABLE TO ,G]MANY ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG ,TEXT 3 ,LET US N[ SEE H[ F> ALL !SE LESSONS :I* CAN BE LE>N$ FROM ! ,RUSSIAN MASS /RIKES >E APPLICABLE TO ,G]MANY4 ,! SOCIAL & POLITICAL CONDITIONS1 ! HI/ORY & /ATUS ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T >E WIDELY DIFF]5T 9 ,G]MANY & ,RUSSIA4 ,AT FIR/ SI TO BE SOLELY ! PRODUCT ( SPECIFICALLY ,RUSSIAN CONDITIONS :I* NE$ NOT BE TAK5 9TO ACC\NT BY ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT4 ,BETWE5 ! POLITICAL & ECONOMIC /RUGGLE 9 ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION !RE IS A V]Y CLOSE 9T]NAL CONNECTION2 !IR UNITY BECOMES AN ACTUAL FACT 9 ! P]IOD ( MASS /RIKES4 ,BUT IS NOT ?AT SIMPLY A RESULT ( ,RUSSIAN ABSOLUTISM8 ,9 A /ATE 9 :I* EV]Y =M & EXPRESSION ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T IS =BIDD51 9 :I* ! SIMPLE/ /RIKE IS A POLITICAL CRIME1 IT MU/ LOGICALLY FOLL[ ?AT EV]Y ECONOMIC /RUGGLE WILL BECOME A POLITICAL ONE4 ,FUR!R1 :51 CONTR>IWISE1 ! FIR/ \TBREAK ( ! POLITICAL REVOLUTION HAS DRAWN AFT] IT A G5]AL RECKON+ ( ! ,RUSSIAN WORK+ CLASS ) ! EMPLOY]S1 ?AT IS LIKEWISE A SIMPLE RESULT ( ! CIRCUM/ANCES ?AT ! ,RUSSIAN WORK] HAS HI!RTO HAD A V]Y L[ /&>D ( LIFE1 & HAS NEV] YET 5GAG$ 9 A S+LE ECONOMIC /RUGGLE = AN IMPROVEM5T ( HIS CONDITION4 ,! PROLET>IAT 9 ,RUSSIA HAS FIR/1 TO A C]TA9 EXT5T1 TO WORK !IR WAY \T ( !SE MIS]ABLE CONDITIONS1 & :AT WOND] ?AT !Y EAG]LY AVAIL$ !MSELVES1 ) ! EAG]NESS ( Y\?1 ( ! FIR/ MEANS TO ?AT 5D AS SOON AS ! REVOLUTION BR\Y C\RSE ( ! ,RUSSIAN MASS /RIKES AS WELL AS !IR PREPOND]ANT SPONTANE\S1 ELEM5T>Y *>ACT] IS EXPLA9$ ON ! ONE H& BY ! POLITICAL BACKW>DNESS ( ,RUSSIA1 BY ! NECESSITY ( FIR/ OV]?R[+ ! ORI5TAL DESPOTISM1 & ON ! O!R H&1 BY ! WANT ( ORGANIZATION & ( DISCIPL9E ( ! ,RUSSIAN PROLET>IAT4 ,9 A C\NTRY 9 :I* ! WORK+-CLASS HAS HAD ?IRTY YE>S EXP]I5CE ( POLITICAL LIFE1 A /RONG SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC P>TY ( ?REE MILLION MEMB]S & A QU>T] ( A MILLION PICK$ TROOPS ORGANIZ$ 9 TRADE UNIONS1 NEI!R ! POLITICAL /RUGGLE NOR ! MASS /RIKE CAN POSSIBLY ASSUME ! SAME /ORMY & ELEM5TAL *>ACT] AS 9 A SEMI-B>B>\S /ATE :I* HAS JU/ MADE ! LEAP FROM ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES 9TO ! MOD]N B\RGEOIS ORD]4 ,?IS IS ! CURR5T CONCEPTION AMONG ?OSE :O W\LD READ ! /AGE ( MATURITY ( ! SOCIAL CONDITIONS ( A C\NTRY FROM ! TEXT ( ! WRITT5 LAWS4 ,LET US EXAM9E ! QUE/IONS 9 !IR ORD]4 ,TO BEG9 ) IT IS GO+ ! WRONG WAY AB\T ! MATT] TO DATE ! BEG9N+ ( ! ECONOMIC /RUGGLE 9 ,RUSSIA ONLY FROM ! \TBREAK ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,AS A MATT] ( FACT1 ! /RIKES & WAGE DISPUTES 9 ,RUSSIA PROP] W]E 9CREAS+LY ! ORD] ( ! DAY S9CE ! N9ETIES ( ! LA/ C5TURY1 & 9 ,RUSSIAN ,POL& EV5 S9CE ! EISAW & ,LODZ AS E>LY AS #a#h#i#a1 !RE WAS A CONSID]ABLE /RIKE FUND1 & ! 5?USIASM = TRADE UNIONISM 9 !SE YE>S HAD EV5 CREAT$ ?AT 0ECONOMIC0 ILLUSION 9 ,POL& = A %ORT TIME :I* A FEW YE>S LAT] PREVAIL$ 9 ,PET]SBURG & ! RE/ ( ,RUSSIA4 ,9 ! SAME WAY !RE IS A GREAT DEAL ( EXAGG]ATION 9 ! NOTION ?AT ! PROLET>IAN 9 ! CZ>I/ EMPIRE HAD ! /&>D ( LIFE ( A PAUP] BE=E ! REVOLUTION4 ,! LAY] ( ! WORK]S 9 L>GE 9DU/RIES 9 ! GREAT T[NS :O HAD BE5 ! MO/ ACTIVE & JEAL\S 9 ! ECONOMIC AS 9 ! POLITICAL /RUGGLE >E1 AS REG>DS ! MAT]IAL CONDITIONS ( LIFE1 ON A SC>CELY L[] PLANE ?AN ! CORRESPOND+ LAY] ( ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT1 & 9 SOME OCCUPATIONS AS HI< WAGES >E TO BE MET ) 9 ,RUSSIA AS 9 ,G]MANY1 & H]E & !RE1 EV5 HI<]4 ,& AS REG>DS ! L5G? ( ! WORK+ DAY1 ! DIFF]5CE 9 ! L>GE-SCALE 9DU/RIES 9 ! TWO C\NTRIES IS H]E & !RE1 9SIGNIFICANT4 ,! NOTION ( ! PRESUM$ MAT]IAL & CULTURAL CONDITION ( HELOTRY ( ! ,RUSSIAN WORK+-CLASS IS SIMIL>LY )\T JU/IFICATION 9 FACT4 ,?IS NOTION IS CONTRADICT$1 AS A LITTLE REFLECTION WILL %[1 BY ! FACTS ( ! REVOLUTION ITSELF & ! PROM95T P>T ?AT WAS PLAY$ !RE9 BY ! PROLET>IAT4 ,) PAUP]S NO REVOLUTION ( ?IS POLITICAL MATURITY & CLEV]NESS ( ?\SAW1 ,MOSC[ & ,ODESSA1 :O /& 9 ! =EFRONT ( ! /RUGGLE1 >E CULTURALLY & M5TALLY MU* NE>] TO ! WE/ ,EUROPEAN TYPE ?AN IS IMAG9$ BY ?OSE :O REG>D B\RGEOIS P>LIAM5T>ISM & ME?ODICAL TRADE-UNION PRACTICE AS ! 9DISP5SABLE1 OR EV5 ! ONLY1 S*OOL ( CULTURE = ! PROLET>IAT4 ,! MOD]N L>GE CAPITALI/ DEVELOPM5T ( ,RUSSIA & ! 9TELLECTUAL 9FLU5CE ( SOCIAL DEMOCRACY EX]T$ = A DECADE-&-A-HALF1 :I* HAS 5C\RAG$ & DIRECT$ ! ECONOMIC /RUGGLE1 HAVE ACCOMPLI%$ AN IMPORTANT PIECE ( CULTURAL WORK )\T ! \TW>D GU>ANTEES ( ! B\RGEOIS LEGAL ORD]4 ,! CONTRA/1 H[EV]1 GR[S LESS :51 ON ! O!R H&1 WE LOOK A LITTLE FUR!R 9TO ! ACTUAL /&>D ( LIFE 9 ! ,G]MAN WORK+-CLASS4 ,! GREAT POLITICAL MASS /RIKES 9 ,RUSSIA HAVE1 FROM ! FIR/1 >\S$ ! WIDE/ LAY]S ( ! PROLET>IAT & ?R[N !M 9TO A FEV]I% ECONOMIC /RUGGLE4 ,BUT >E !RE NOT 9 ,G]MANY :OLE UN5LIM LICELY P5ETRAT$1 :OLE LAY]S :I* UP TO ! PRES5T HAVE NEV] ATTEMPT$1 OR VA9LY ATTEMPT$1 TO RAISE !MSELVES \T ( !IR SOCIAL HELOTRY BY MEANS ( DAILY WAGE /RUGGLES8 ,LET US CONSID] ! POV]TY ( ! M9]S4 ,ALREADY 9 ! QUIET WORK+ DAY1 9 ! COLD ATMOSPH]E ( ! P>LIAM5T>Y MONOTONY ( ,G]MANY - AS ALSO 9 O!R C\NTRIES1 & EV5 9 ! ,EL ,DORADO ( TRADE UNIONISM1 ,GREAT ,BRITA9 - ! WAGE /RUGGLE ( ! M9E WORK]S H>DLY EV] EXPRESSES ITSELF 9 ANY O!R WAY ?AN BY VIOL5T ]UPTIONS FROM TIME-TO-TIME 9 MASS /RIKES ( TYPICAL1 ELEM5TAL *>ACT]4 ,?IS ONLY %[S ?AT ! ANTAGONISM BETWE5 LABOR & CAPITAL IS TOO %>P & VIOL5T TO ALL[ ( ITS CRUMBL+ AWAY 9 ! =M ( QUIET SY/EMATIC1 P>TIAL TRADE-UNION /RUGGLES4 ,! MIS]Y ( ! M9]S1 ) ITS ]UPTIVE SOIL :I* EV5 9 0NORMAL0 TIMES IS A /ORM C5T] ( ! GREATE/ VIOL5CE1 MU/ IMM$IATELY EXPLODE1 9 A VIOL5T ECONOMIC SOCIALI/ /RUGGLE1 ) EV]Y GREAT POLITICAL MASS ACTION ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 ) EV]Y VIOL5T SUDD5 J]K :I* DI/URBS ! MOM5T>Y EQUILIBRIUM ( EV]YDAY SOCIAL LIFE4 ,LET US TAKE FUR!R1 ! CASE ( ! POV]TY ( ! TEXTILE WORK]S4 ,H]E ALSO ! BITT]1 & = ! MO/ P>T FRUITLESS1 \TBREAKS ( ! WAGE /RUGGLE :I* RAG$ ?R\< ,VOGTL& EV]Y FEW YE>S1 GIVE BUT A FA9T IDEA ( ! VEHEM5CE ) :I* ! GREAT AGGLOM]ATE MASS ( HELOTS ( TRU/IFI$ TEXTILE CAPITAL MU/ EXPLODE DUR+ A POLITICAL CONVULSION1 DUR+ A P[]FUL1 D>+ MASS ACTION ( ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT4 ,AGA91 LET US TAKE ! POV]TY ( ! HOME-WORK]S1 ( ! READY-MADE CLO?+ WORK]S1 ( ! ELECTRICITY WORK]S1 V]ITABLE /ORM C5T]S 9 :I* VIOL5T /RUGGLES WILL BE ! MORE C]TA9 TO BREAK \T ) EV]Y POLITICAL ATMOSPH]IC DI/URBANCE 9 ,G]MANY1 ! LESS FREQU5TLY ! PROLET>IAT TAKE UP ! /RUGGLE 9 TRANQUIL TIMES2 & ! MORE UNSUCCESSFULLY !Y FIIAT HAVE TO BE TAK5 9TO ACC\NT :I*1 9 ! 0NORMAL0 C\RSE ( ?+S 9 ,G]MANY1 CANNOT POSSIBLY TAKE P>T 9 A PEACEFUL ECONOMIC /RUGGLE = ! IMPROVEM5T ( !IR CONDITION & CANNOT POSSIBLY AVAIL !MSELVES ( ! RI+ POV]TY ( ! RAILWAY & ! PO/AL EMPLOYES4 ,= !SE GOV]NM5T WORK]S !RE EXI/ ,RUSSIAN CONDITIONS 9 ! MID/ ( ! P>LIAM5T>Y CON/ITUTIONAL /ATE ( ,G]MANY1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ,RUSSIAN CONDITIONS AS !Y EXI/$ ONLY BE=E ! REVOLUTION1 DUR+ ! UNTR\BL$ SPL5DOR ( ABSOLUTISM4 ,ALREADY 9 ! GREAT ,OCTOB] /RIKE ( #aie ! ,RUSSIAN RAILWAYM5 9 ! !N =MALLY ABSOLUTI/ ,RUSSIA1 W]E1 AS REG>DS ! ECONOMIC & SOCIAL FRE$OM ( !IR MOVEM5T1 HEAD & %\LD]S ABOVE ! ,G]MANS4 ,! ,RUSSIAN RAILWAY & PO/AL EMPLOYES WON ! DE FACTO RIILY TRIAL UPON TRIAL & VICTIMIZATION W]E ! RULE1 !Y W]E P[]LESS TO AFFECT ! 9N] UNITY ( WORK]S4 ,H[EV]1 IT W\LD BE AN ALTOGE!R FALSE PSY*OLOGICAL RECKON+ IF ONE W]E TO ASSUME1 ) ! ,G]MAN REACTION1 ?AT ! SLAVI% OB$I5CE ( ! ,G]MAN RAILWAY & PO/AL EMPLOYES WILL LA/ =EV]1 ?AT IT IS A ROCK :I* NO?+ CAN WE> AWAY4 ,:5 EV5 ! ,G]MAN TRADE-UNION LEAD]S HAVE BECOME ACCU/OM$ TO ! EXI/+ CONDITIONS TO SU* AN EXT5T ?AT !Y1 UNTR\BL$ BY AN 9DIFF]5CE ALMO/ )\T P>ALLEL 9 ! :OLE ( ,EUROPE1 CAN SURVEY ) COMPLETE SATISFACTION ! RESULTS ( ! TRADE-UNION /RUGGLE 9 ,G]MANY1 !N ! DEEP-SEAT$1 LONG-SUPPRESS$ RES5TM5T ( ! UNI=M$ /ATE SLAVES WILL 9EVITABLY F9D V5T ) A G5]AL RIS+ ( ! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S ,& :5 ! 9DU/RIAL VANGU>D ( ! PROLET>IAT1 BY MEANS ( MASS /RIKES1 GRASP AT NEW POLITICAL RIMY ( RAILWAY & PO/AL EMPLOYES MU/ ( NECESSITY BE?9K !MSELVES ( !IR [N SPECIAL DISGRACE1 & AT LA/ R\SE !MSELVES = !IR LIB]ATION FROM ! EXTRA %>E ( ,RUSSIAN ABSOLUTISM :I* IS SPECIALLY RES]V$ = !M 9 ,G]MANY4 ,! P$ANTIC CONCEPTION :I* W\LD UNFOLD GREAT POPUL> MOVEM5TS ACCORD+ TO PLAN & RECIPE REG>DS ! ACQUISITION ( ! RIY BE=E ANYONE WILL 0D>E TO ?9K0 ( A MASS /RIKE 9 ,G]MANY4 ,! ACTUAL & NATURAL C\RSE ( EV5TS CAN ONLY BE ! OPPOSITE ( ?IS3 ONLY FROM A SPONTANE\S P[]FUL MASS /RIKE ACTION CAN ! RIE 9SOLUBLE WILL SUDD5LY F9D !IR SOLUTION UND] ! 9FLU5CE & ! PRESSURE ( A UNIV]SAL POLITICAL MASS ACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,& F9ALLY1 ! GREATE/ & MO/ IMPORTANT3 ! POV]TY ( ! L& WORK]S4 ,IF ! ,BRITI% TRADE-UNIONS >E COMPOS$ EXCLUSIVELY ( 9DU/RIAL WORK]S1 ?AT IS QUITE UND]/&ABLE 9 VIEW ( ! SPECIAL *>ACT] ( ! ,BRITI% NATIONAL ECONOMY1 & ( ! UNIMPORTANT P>T ?AT AGRICULTURE PLAYS1 ON ! :OLE1 9 ! ECONOMIC LIFE ( ,BRITA94 ,9 ,G]MANY1 A TRADE-UNION ORGANIZATION1 BE IT EV] SO WELL CON/RUCT$1 IF IT COMPRISES ONLY 9DU/RIAL WORK]S1 & IS 9ACCESSIBLE TO ! GREAT >MY ( L& WORK]S1 WILL GIVE ONLY A WEAK1 P>TIAL PICTURE ( ! CONDITIONS ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,BUT AGA9 IT W\LD BE A FATAL ILLUSION TO ?9K ?AT CONDITIONS 9 ! C\NTRY >E UNALT]ABLE & IMMOVABLE & ?AT ! 9DEFATIGABLE $UCATIONAL WORK ( ! SOCIAL DEMOCRACY1 & /ILL MORE1 ! :OLE 9T]NAL CLASS POLITICS ( ,G]MANY1 DOES NOT CONT9UALLY UND]M9E ! \TW>D PASSIVITY ( ! AGRICULTURAL WORK]S & ?AT ANY GREAT G5]AL CLASS ACTION ( ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT1 = :ATEV] OBJECT UND]TAK51 MAY NOT ALSO DRAW ! RURAL PROLET>IAT 9TO ! CONFLICT4 ,SIMIL>LY1 ! PICTURE ( ! ALLEG$ ECONOMIC SUP]IORITY ( ! ,G]MAN OV] ! ,RUSSIAN PROLET>IAT IS CONSID]ABLY ALT]$ :5 WE LOOK AWAY FROM ! TABLES ( ! 9DU/RIES & DEP>TM5TS ORGANIZ$ 9 TRADE-UNIONS & BE/[ A LOOK UPON ?OSE GREAT GR\PS ( ! PROLET>IAT :O >E ALTOGE!R \TSIDE ! TRADE-UNION /RUGGLE1 OR :OSE SPECIAL ECONOMIC CONDITION DOES NOT ALL[ ( !IR BE+ =C$ 9TO ! N>R[ FRAMEWORK ( ! DAILY GU]RILLA W>F>E ( ! TRADE-UNIONS4 ,WE SEE !RE ONE IMPORTANT SPH]E AFT] ANO!R1 9 :I* ! %>P5+ ( ANTAGONISMS HAS REA*$ ! EXTREME PO9T1 9 :I* 9FLAMMABLE MAT]IAL 9 ABUNDANCE IS HEAP$ UP1 9 :I* !RE IS A GREAT DEAL ( 0,RUSSIAN ABSOLUTISM0 9 ITS MO/ NAK$ =M1 & 9 :I* ECONOMICALLY ! MO/ ELEM5T>Y RECKON+S ) CAPITAL HAVE FIR/ TO BE MADE4 ,9 A G5]AL POLITICAL MASS /RIKE ( ! PROLET>IAT1 !N1 ALL !SE \T/&+ ACC\NTS W\LD 9EVITABLY BE PRES5T$ TO ! PREVAIL+ SY/EM4 ,AN >TIFICIALLY >RANG$ DEMON/RATION ( ! URBAN PROLET>IAT1 TAK+ PLACE ONCE1 A M]E MASS /RIKE ACTION >IS+ \T ( DISCIPL9E1 & DIRECT$ BY ! CONDUCTOR'S BATON ( A P>TY EXECUTIVE1 C\LD !RE=E LEAVE ! BROAD MASSES ( ! PEOPLE COLD & 9DIFF]5T4 ,BUT A P[]FUL & RECKLESS FIIAT1 BORN ( A REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION1 MU/ SURELY REACT UPON ! DEEP]-LY+ LAY]S1 & ULTIMATELY DRAW ALL ?OSE 9TO A /ORMY G5]AL ECONOMIC /RUGGLE :O1 9 NORMAL TIMES1 /& ASIDE FROM ! DAILY TRADE-UNION FID ( ! ,G]MAN 9DU/RIAL PROLET>IAT1 ON ! O!R H&1 & KEEP BE=E \R EYES ! OBJECTS ( ! ECONOMIC /RUGGLE :I* HAVE BE5 /RIV5 = BY ! ,RUSSIAN WORK+ CLASS1 WE DO NOT AT ALL F9D ?AT !RE IS ANY T5D5CY TO LOOK D[N UPON ! ?+S ( Y\?1 AS ! OLDE/ ,G]MAN TRADE-UNIONS HAD REASON TO DO4 ,?US ! MO/ IMPORTANT G5]AL DEM& ( ! ,RUSSIAN /RIKES S9CE ,JANU>Y #bb - ! EIIAT1 BUT RA!R 9 MO/ CASES1 A BEAUTIFUL1 REMOTE IDEAL4 ,?IS APPLIES ALSO TO ! /RUGGLE = ! 0MA/]Y ( ! H\SEHOLD0 PLAT=M1 TO ! /RUGGLE = ! 9TRODUCTION ( WORK]S' COMMITTEES 9TO ALL ! FACTORIES1 = ! ABOLITION ( PIECE-WORK1 = ! ABOLITION ( HOMEWORK 9 H&ICRAFT1 = ! COMPLETE OBS]VANCE ( ,SUNDAY RE/1 & = ! RECOGNITION ( ! RIIAT >E ALSO = ! ,G]MAN PROLET>IAT V]Y REAL1 & T\* A V]Y SORE SPOT 9 ! LIFE ( ! WORK]S4 ,IT !RE=E 9EVITABLY FOLL[S ?AT ! PURE POLITICAL MASS /RIKE1 :I* IS OP]AT$ ) = PREF]5CE1 IS1 9 ,G]MANY1 A M]E LIFELESS !ORETICAL PLAN4 ,IF ! MASS /RIKES RESULT1 9 A NATURAL WAY FROM A /RONG REVOLUTION>Y F]M5T1 !Y WILL EQUALLY NATURALLY1 EXACTLY AS 9 ,RUSSIA1 *ANGE 9TO A :OLE P]IOD ( ELEM5T>Y1 ECONOMIC /RUGGLES4 ,! FE>S ( ! TRADE-UNION LEAD]S1 !RE=E1 ?AT ! /RUGGLE = ECONOMIC 9T]E/S 9 A P]IOD ( /ORMY POLITICAL /RIFE1 9 A P]IOD ( MASS /RIKES1 CAN SIMPLY BE PU%$ ASIDE & SUPPRESS$ RE/ UPON AN UTT]LY BASELESS1 S*OOLBOY CONCEPTION ( ! C\RSE ( EV5TS4 ,A REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD 9 ,G]MANY W\LD ALSO SO ALT] ! *>ACT] ( ! TRADE-UNION /RUGGLE & DEVELOP ITS POT5TIALITIES TO SU* AN EXT5T ?AT ! PRES5T GU]RILLA W>F>E ( ! TRADE-UNIONS W\LD BE *ILD'S PLAY 9 COMP>ISON4 ,& ON ! O!R H&1 FROM ?IS ELEM5T>Y ECONOMIC TEMPE/ ( MASS /RIKES1 ! POLITICAL /RUGGLE W\LD ALWAYS D]IVE NEW IMPETUS & FRE% /R5G?4 ,! RECIPROCAL ACTION ( ECONOMIC & POLITICAL /RUGGLE1 :I* IS ! MA9-SPR+ ( PRES5T-DAY /RIKES 9 ,RUSSIA1 & AT ! SAME TIME ! REGULAT+ ME*ANISM ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ACTION ( ! PROLET>IAT1 W\LD ALSO NATURALLY RESULT 9 ,G]MANY FROM ! CONDITIONS !MSELVES4 ,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,M>* #e1 #bba 3 ,*APT] #e -- ,ADD$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/