,! ,IMMORALITY ( ! ,/ATE 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN9 

,TAGS 3 SUPREME LAW ( ! /ATE1 MAN IS BORN 9TO SOCIETY1 MORALITY ( ! /ATE1 LAW ( ! /ATE1 REVOLT AGA9/ ! /ATE1 IDEA ( HUMANITY1 GOOD & BAD1 NEGATION ( HUMANITY1 PRODUCT ( LIB]TY1 REASON ( /ATE4 

,TEXT 3 

  

,PHOTO BY ,GREG ,WOLF1,C,C ,B,Y ,LIC5SE  ,E?ICS3  ,MORALITY ( ! ,/ATE   

,! ,!ORY ( ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT4  

 ,MAN IS NOT ONLY ! MO/ 9DIVIDUAL BE+ ON E>?-HE IS ALSO ! MO/ SOCIAL BE+4 ,IT WAS A GREAT FALLACY ON ! P>T ( ,JEAN ,JACQUES ,R\SSEAU TO HAVE ASSUM$ ?AT PRIMITIVE SOCIETY WAS E/ABLI%$ BY A FREE CONTRACT 5T]$ 9TO BY SAVAGES4 ,BUT ,R\SSEAU WAS NOT ! ONLY ONE TO UPHOLD SU* VIEWS4 ,! MAJORITY ( JURI/S & MOD]N WRIT]S1 :E!R ( ! ,KANTIAN S*OOL OR ( O!R 9DIVIDUALI/ & LIB]AL S*OOLS1 :O DO NOT ACCEPT ! !OLOGICAL IDEA ( SOCIETY BE+ F\ND$ UPON DIV9E RI<T1 NOR ?AT ( ! ,HEGELIAN S*OOL-( SOCIETY AS ! MORE OR LESS MY/IC REALIZATION ( OBJECTIVE MORALITY- NOR ! PRIMITIVE ANIMAL SOCIETY ( ! NATURALI/ S*OOL-TAKE NOL5S VOL5S1 = LACK ( ANY O!R F\NDATION1 ! TACIT CONTRACT1 AS !IR PO9T ( DEP>TURE4  

 ,A TACIT CONTRACT6 ,?AT IS TO SAY1 A WORDLESS1 & CONSEQU5TLY A ?\<TLESS & WILL-LESS CONTRACT3 A REVOLT+ NONS5SE6 ,AN ABSURD FICTION1 & :AT IS MORE1 A WICK$ FICTION6 ,AN UNWOR?Y HOAX6 ,= IT ASSUMES ?AT :ILE ,I WAS 9 A /ATE ( NOT BE+ ABLE TO WILL1 TO ?9K1 TO SPEAK1 ,I B\ND MYSELF & ALL MY DESC5DANTS-ONLY BY VIRTUE ( HAV+ LET MYSELF BE VICTIMIZ$ )\T RAIS+ ANY PROTE/ - 9TO P]PETUAL SLAV]Y4  

 ,LACK ( ,MORAL ,DISC]NM5T 9 ! ,/ATE ,PREC$+ ! ,ORIG9AL ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT4  

 ,FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! SY/EM :I* WE >E N[ EXAM9+ ! DI/9CTION BETWE5 GOOD & BAD DID NOT EXI/ PRIOR TO ! CONCLUSION ( ! SOCIAL CONTRACT4 ,AT ?AT TIME EV]Y 9DIVIDUAL REMA9$ ISOLAT$ 9 HIS LIB]TY OR 9 HIS ABSOLUTE RI<T1 PAY+ NO ATT5TION TO ! FRE$OM ( O!RS EXCEPT 9 ?OSE CASES :]E9 SU* ATT5TION WAS DICTAT$ BY HIS WEAKNESS OR HIS RELATIVE /R5G? - 9 O!R WORDS1 BY HIS [N PRUD5CE & 9T]E/4 ,AT ?AT TIME EGOISM1 ACCORD+ TO ! SAME !ORY1 WAS ! SUPREME LAW1 ! ONLY EXTANT RI<T4 ,! GOOD WAS DET]M9$ BY SUCCESS1 ! BAD ONLY BY FAILURE1 & JU/ICE WAS SIMPLY ! CONSECRATION ( ! ACCOMPLI%$ FACT1 H[EV] HORRIBLE1 CRUEL1 OR 9FAM\S IT MI<T BE - AS IS ! RULE 9 ! POLITICAL MORALITY :I* N[ PREVAILS 9 ,EUROPE4  

 ,! ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT AS ! ,CRIT]ION ( ,GOOD & ,BAD4  

 ,! DI/9CTION BETWE5 GOOD & BAD1 ACCORD+ TO ?IS SY/EM1 BEGAN ONLY ) ! CONCLUSION ( ! SOCIAL CONTRACT4 ,ALL ?AT :I* HAD BE5 RECOGNIZ$ AS CON/ITUT+ ! G5]AL 9T]E/ WAS DECL>$ TO BE ! GOOD1 & EV]Y?+ CONTR>Y TO IT1 ! BAD4 ,MEMB]S ( SOCIETY :O 5T]$ 9TO ?IS COMPACT HAV+ BECOME CITIZ5S1 HAV+ B\ND !MSELVES BY SOLEMN OBLIGATIONS1 ASSUM$ !REBY ! DUTY ( SUBORD9AT+ !IR PRIVATE 9T]E/S TO ! COMMON WEAL1 TO ! 9SEP>ABLE 9T]E/ ( ALL4 ,!Y ALSO DIVORC$ !IR 9DIVIDUAL RI<TS FROM PUBLIC RI<TS1 ! ONLY REPRES5TATIVE ( :I* - ! ,/ATE - WAS !REBY 9VE/$ ) ! P[] TO SUPPRESS ALL ! REVOLTS ( 9DIVIDUAL EGOISM1 HAV+1 H[EV]1 ! DUTY ( PROTECT+ EV]Y ONE ( ITS MEMB]S 9 ! EX]CISE ( HIS RI<TS 9 SO F> AS !Y DID NOT RUN C\NT] TO ! G5]AL RI<TS ( ! COMMUNITY4  

 ,! ,/ATE ,=M$ BY ! ,SOCIAL ,CONTRACT ,IS ! ,MOD]N ,A!I/IC ,/ATE4  

 ,N[ WE >E GO+ TO EXAM9E ! NATURE ( ! RELATIONS :I* ! ,/ATE1 ?US CON/ITUT$1 IS B\ND TO 5T] 9TO ) O!R SIMIL> ,/ATES1 & ALSO ITS RELATIONS TO ! POPULATION :I* IT GOV]NS4 ,SU* AN ANALYSIS APPE>S TO US TO BE ! MORE 9T]E/+ & USEFUL 9ASMU* AS ! ,/ATE1 AS DEF9$ H]E1 IS PRECISELY ! MOD]N ,/ATE 9 SO F> AS IT IS DIVORC$ FROM ! RELIGI\S IDEA3 IT IS ! LAY ,/ATE OR ! A!I/ ,/ATE PROCLAIM$ BY MOD]N WRIT]S4  

 ,LET US !N SEE :]E9 ?IS MORALITY CONSI/S4 ,! MOD]N ,/ATE1 AS WE HAVE SAID1 HAS FRE$ ITSELF FROM ! YOKE ( ! ,*UR* & CONSEQU5TLY HAS %AK5 (F ! YOKE ( UNIV]SAL OR COSMOPOLITAN MORALITY ( ! ,*RI/IAN RELIGION1 BUT IT HAS NOT YET BECOME P]MEAT$ ) ! HUMANIT>IAN IDEA OR E?ICS - :I* IT CANNOT DO )\T DE/ROY+ ITSELF1 = 9 ITS DETA*$ EXI/5CE & ISOLAT$ CONC5TRATION ! ,/ATE IS MU* TOO N>R[ TO EMBRACE1 TO CONTA9 ! 9T]E/S & CONSEQU5TLY ! MORALITY (1 HUMANITY AS A :OLE4  

 ,E?ICS ,ID5TIFI$ ) ,/ATE ,9T]E/S4  

 ,MOD]N ,/ATES HAVE >RIV$ PRECISELY AT ?AT PO9T4 ,*RI/IANITY S]VES !M ONLY AS A PRETEXT & A PHRASE1 ONLY AS A MEANS TO FOOL ! SIMPLETONS1 = ! AIMS PURSU$ BY !M HAVE NO?+ 9 COMMON ) RELIGI\S GOALS4 ,& ! EM95T /ATESM5 ( \R TIMES - ! ,PALM]/ONS1 ! ,MURAVIEVS1 ! ,CAV\RS1 ! ,BISM>CKS1 ! ,NAPOLEONS1 W\LD LAU< A GREAT DEAL IF !IR OP5LY PR(ESS$ RELIGI\S CONVICTIONS W]E TAK5 S]I\SLY4 ,!Y W\LD LAU< EV5 MORE IF ANYONE ATTRIBUT$ TO !M HUMANIT>IAN S5TIM5TS1 CONSID]ATIONS1 & 9T5TIONS1 :I* !Y HAVE ALWAYS TREAT$ PUBLICLY AS M]E SILL9ESS4 ,!N :AT CON/ITUTES !IR MORALITY8 ,ONLY ,/ATE 9T]E/S4 ,FROM ?IS PO9T ( VIEW1 :I*1 ) V]Y FEW EXCEPTIONS1 HAS BE5 ! PO9T ( VIEW ( /ATESM51 ( /RONG M5 ( ALL TIMES & ALL C\NTRIES1 ALL ?AT IS 9/RUM5TAL 9 CONS]V+1 EXALT+1 & CONSOLIDAT+ ! P[] ( ! ,/ATE IS GOOD-SACRILEGI\S ?\< IT MI<T BE FROM A RELIGI\S PO9T ( VIEW & REVOLT+ AS IT MI<T APPE> FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( HUMAN MORALITY - & VISE V]SA1 :ATEV] MILITATES AGA9/ ! 9T]E/S ( ! ,/ATE IS BAD1 EV5 IF IT BE 9 O!R RESPECTS ! MO/ HOLY & HUMANELY JU/ ?+4 ,SU* IS ! TRUE MORALITY & SECUL> PRACTICE ( ALL ,/ATES4  

 ,! ,COLLECTIVE ,EGOISM ( ,P>TICUL> ,ASSOCIATIONS ,RAIS$ 9TO ,E?ICAL ,CATEGORIES4    

 ,SU* ALSO IS ! MORALITY ( ! ,/ATE F\ND$ UPON ! !ORY ( A SOCIAL CONTRACT4 ,ACCORD+ TO ?IS SY/EM1 ! GOOD & ! JU/1 S9CE !Y BEG9 ONLY ) ! SOCIAL CONTRACT1 >E 9 FACT NO?+ BUT ! CONT5T & ! 5D PURPOSE ( ! CONTRACT - ?AT IS TO SAY1 ! COMMON 9T]E/ & ! PUBLIC RI<T ( ALL 9DIVIDUALS :O =M$ ?IS CONTRACT1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ?OSE :O REMA9$ \TSIDE ( IT4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 BY GOOD 9 ?IS SY/EM IS MEANT ONLY ! GREATE/ SATISFACTION GIV5 TO ! COLLECTIVE EGOISM ( A P>TICUL> & LIMIT$ ASSOCIATION1 :I*1 BE+ F\ND$ UPON ! P>TIAL SACRIFICE ( ! 9DIVIDUAL EGOISM ( EV]Y ONE ( ITS MEMB]S1 EXCLUDES FROM ITS MID/1 AS /RANG]S & NATURAL 5EMIES1 ! VA/ MAJORITY ( ! HUMAN SPECIES :E!R OR NOT IT IS =M$ 9TO SIMIL> ASSOCIATIONS4  

 ,MORALITY ,IS ,CO-,EXT5SIVE ,ONLY ,) ! ,B\ND>IES ( ,P>TICUL> ,/ATES4    

 ,! EXI/5CE ( A S+LE LIMIT$ ,/ATE NECESS>ILY PRESUPPOS$ ! EXI/5CE1 & IF NECESS>Y PROVOKES ! =MATION ( SEV]AL ,/ATES1 IT BE+ QUITE NATURAL ?AT ! 9DIVIDUALS :O F9D !MSELVES \TSIDE ( ?IS ,/ATE & :O >E M5AC$ BY IT 9 !IR EXI/5CE & LIB]TY1 %\LD 9 TURN LEAGUE !MSELVES AGA9/ IT4  ,H]E WE HAVE HUMANITY BROK5 UP 9TO AN 9DEF9ITE NUMB] ( ,/ATES :I* >E =EIGN1 HO/ILE1 & M5AC+ T[>D ONE ANO!R4  

 ,!RE IS NO COMMON RI<T1 & NO SOCIAL CONTRACT AMONG !M1 = IF SU* A CONTRACT & RI<T EXI/$1 ! V>I\S ,/ATES W\LD CEASE TO BE ABSOLUTELY 9DEP5D5T ( ONE ANO!R1 BECOM+ F$]AT$ MEMB]S ( ONE GREAT ,/ATE4 ,UNLESS ?IS GREAT ,/ATE EMBRACES HUMANITY AS A :OLE1 IT WILL NECESS>ILY HAVE AGA9/ IT ! HO/ILITY ( O!R GREAT ,/ATES1 F$]AT$ 9T]NALLY4  ,?US W> W\LD ALWAYS BE SUPREME LAW & ! 9H]5T NECESSITY ( ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( HUMANITY4  

 ,JUNGLE ,LAW ,GOV]NS ,9T]RELATIONS ( ,/ATES4    

 ,EV]Y ,/ATE1 :E!R IT IS ( A F$]ATIVE OR A NON-F$]ATIVE *>ACT]1 MU/ SEEK1 UND] ! P5ALTY ( UTT] RU91 TO BECOME ! MO/ P[]FUL ( ,/ATES4 ,IT HAS TO DEV\R O!RS 9 ORD] NOT TO BE DEV\R$ 9 TURN1 TO CONQU] 9 ORD] NOT TO BE CONQU]$1 TO 5?RALL$ 9 ORD] NOT TO BE 5SLAV$ - = TWO SIMIL> & AT ! SAME TIME ALI5 P[]S1 CANNOT CO-EXI/ )\T DE/ROY+ EA* O!R4  

 ,! ,UNIV]SAL ,SOLID>ITY ( ,HUMANITY ,DISRUPT$ BY ! ,/ATE4    

 ,! /ATE !N IS ! MO/ FLAGRANT NEGATION1 ! MO/ CYNICAL & COMPLETE NEGATION ( HUMANITY4  ,IT R5DS AP>T ! UNIV]SAL SOLID>ITY ( ALL M5 UPON E>?1 & IT UNITES SOME ( !M ONLY 9 ORD] TO DE/ROY1 CONQU]1 & 5?RALL$ ALL ! RE/4  ,IT TAKES UND] ITS PROTECTION ONLY ITS [N CITIZ5S1 & IT RECOGNIZES HUMAN RI<T1 HUMANITY1 & CIVILIZATION ONLY )9 ! CONF9ES ( ITS [N B\ND>IES4  ,& S9CE IT DOES NOT RECOGNIZE ANY RI<T \TSIDE ( ITS [N CONF9ES1 IT QUITE LOGICALLY >ROGAT$ TO ITSELF ! RI<T TO TREAT ) ! MO/ F]OCI\S 9HUMANITY ALL ! =EIGN POPULATIONS :OM IT CAN PILLAGE1 EXT]M9ATE1 OR SUBORD9ATE TO ITS WILL4 ,IF IT DISPLAYS G5]OSITY OR HUMANITY T[>D !M1 IT DOES IT 9 NO CASE \T ( ANY S5SE ( DUTY3  & ?AT IS BECAUSE IT HAS NO DUTY BUT TO ITSELF1 & T[>D ?OSE ( ITS MEMB]S :O =M$ IT BY AN ACT ( FREE AGREEM5T1 :O CONT9UE CON/ITUT+ IT ON ! SAME FREE BASES1 OR1 AS IT HAPP5S 9 ! LONG RUN1 HAVE BECOME ITS SUBJECTS4  

 ,S9CE 9T]NATIONAL LAW DOES NOT EXI/1 & S9CE IT NEV] CAN EXI/ 9 A S]I\S & REAL MANN] )\T UND]M9+ ! V]Y F\NDATIONS ( ! PR9CIPLE ( ABSOLUTE ,/ATE SOV]EIGNTY1 ! ,/ATE CANNOT HAVE ANY DUTIES T[>D =EIGN POPULATIONS4  ,IF !N IT TREATS HUMANELY A CONQU]$ PEOPLE1 IF IT DOES NOT GO TO ! FULL L5G? 9 PILLAG+ & EXT]M9AT+ IT1 & DOES NOT R$UCE IT TO ! LA/ DEGREE ( SLAV]Y1 IT DOES SO P]HAPS BECAUSE ( CONSID]ATIONS ( POLITICAL EXP$I5CY & PRUD5CE1 OR EV5 BECAUSE ( PURE MAGNANIMITY1 BUT NEV] BECAUSE ( DUTY - = IT HAS AN ABSOLUTE RI<T TO DISPOSE ( !M 9 ANY WAY IT DEEMS FIT4  

 ,PATRIOTISM ,RUNS ,C\NT] TO ,ORD9>Y ,HUMAN ,MORALITY4  

 ,?IS FLAGRANT NEGATION ( HUMANITY1 :I* CON/ITUTES ! V]Y ESS5CE ( ! ,/ATE1 IS FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! LATT] ! SUPREME DUTY & ! GREATE/ VIRTUE3 IT IS CALL$ PATRIOTISM & IT CON/ITUTES ! TRANSC5D5T MORALITY ( ! ,/ATE4  ,WE CALL IT ! TRANSC5D5T MORALITY BECAUSE ORD9>ILY IT TRANSC5DS ! LEVEL ( HUMAN MORALITY & JU/ICE1 :E!R PRIVATE OR COMMON1 & !REBY IT (T5 SETS ITSELF 9 %>D CONTRADICTION TO !M4  ,?US1 = 9/ANCE1 TO (F5D1 OPPRESS1 ROB1 PLUND]1 ASSASS9ATE1 OR 5?RALL$ ONE'S FELL[ MAN IS1 TO ! ORD9>Y MORALITY ( MAN1 TO COMMIT A S]I\S CRIME4  

 ,9 PUBLIC LIFE1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( PATRIOTISM1 :5 IT IS DONE = ! GREAT] GLORY ( ! ,/ATE 9 ORD] TO CONS]VE OR TO 5L>GE ITS P[]1 ALL ?AT BECOMES A DUTY & A VIRTUE4  ,& ?IS DUTY1 ?IS VIRTUE1 >E OBLIGATORY UPON EV]Y PATRIOTIC CITIZ54  ,EV]YONE IS EXPECT$ TO DIS*>GE ?OSE DUTIES NOT ONLY 9 RESPECT TO /RANG]S BUT 9 RESPECT TO HIS FELL[ CITIZ5S1 MEMB]S & SUBJECTS ( ! SAME ,/ATE1 :5EV] ! WELF>E ( ! ,/ATE DEM&S IT FROM HIM4  

 ,! ,SUPREME ,LAW ( ! ,/ATE4  

 ,! SUPREME LAW ( ! ,/ATE IS SELF-PRES]VATION AT ANY CO/4  ,& S9CE ALL ,/ATES1 EV] S9CE !Y CAME TO EXI/ UPON ! E>?1 HAVE BE5 CONDEMN$ TO P]PETUAL /RUGGLE - A /RUGGLE AGA9/ !IR [N POPULATIONS1 :OM !Y OPPRESS & RU91 A /RUGGLE AGA9/ ALL =EIGN ,/ATES1 EV]Y ONE ( :I* CAN BE /RONG ONLY IF ! O!RS >E WEAK - & S9CE ! ,/ATES CANNOT HOLD !IR [N 9 ?IS /RUGGLE UNLESS !Y CON/ANTLY KEEP ON AUGM5T+ !IR P[] AGA9/ !IR [N SUBJECTS AS WELL AS AGA9/ ! NEI<BORHOOD ,/ATES - IT FOLL[S ?AT ! SUPREME LAW ( ! ,/ATE IS ! AUGM5TATION ( ITS P[] TO ! DETRIM5T ( 9T]NAL LIB]TY & EXT]NAL JU/ICE4  

 ,! ,/ATE ,AIMS TO ,TAKE ! ,PLACE ( ,HUMANITY4  

 ,SU* IS 9 ITS />K REALITY ! SOLE MORALITY1 ! SOLE AIM ( ! ,/ATE4  ,IT WOR%IPS ,GOD HIMSELF ONLY BECAUSE HE IS ITS [N EXCLUSIVE ,GOD1 ! SANCTION ( ITS P[] & ( ?AT :I* IT CALLS ITS RI<T1 ?AT IS1 ! RI<T TO EXI/ AT ANY CO/ & ALWAYS TO EXP& AT ! CO/ ( O!R ,/ATES4 ,:ATEV] S]VES TO PROMOTE ?IS 5D IS WOR?:ILE1 LEGITIMATE1 & VIRTU\S4 ,:ATEV] H>MS IT IS CRIM9AL4  ,! MORALITY ( ! ,/ATE !N IS ! REV]SAL ( HUMAN JU/ICE & HUMAN MORALITY4  

 ,?IS TRANSC5D5T1 SUP]-HUMAN1 & !RE=E ANTI-HUMAN MORALITY ( ,/ATES IS NOT ONLY ! RESULT ( ! CORRUPTION ( M5 :O >E *>G$ ) C>RY+ ON ,/ATE FUNCTIONS4  ,ONE MI<T SAY ) GREAT] RI<T ?AT CORRUPTION ( M5 IS ! NATURAL & NECESS>Y SEQUEL ( ! ,/ATE 9/ITUTION4  ,?IS MORALITY IS ONLY ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! FUNDAM5TAL PR9CIPLE ( ! ,/ATE1 ! 9EVITABLE EXPRESSION ( ITS 9H]5T NECESSITY4  ,! ,/ATE IS NO?+ ELSE BUT ! NEGATION ( HUMANITY2 IT IS A LIMIT$ COLLECTIVITY :I* AIMS TO TAKE ! PLACE ( HUMANITY & :I* WANTS TO IMPOSE ITSELF UPON ! LATT] AS A SUPREME GOAL1 :ILE EV]Y?+ ELSE IS TO SUBMIT & M9I/] TO IT4  

 ,! ,IDEA ( ,HUMANITY1 ,ABS5T 9 ,ANCI5T ,TIMES1 ,HAS ,BECOME A ,P[] 9 ,\R ,PRES5T ,LIFE4  

 ,?AT WAS NATURAL & EASILY UND]/OOD 9 ANCI5T TIMES :5 ! V]Y IDEA ( HUMANITY WAS UNKN[N1 & :5 EV]Y PEOPLE WOR%IP$ ITS EXCLUSIVELY NATIONAL GODS1 :O GAVE IT ! RI<T ( LIFE & DEA? OV] ALL O!R NATIONS4 ,HUMAN RI<T EXI/$ ONLY 9 RELATION TO ! CITIZ5S ( ! ,/ATE4  ,:ATEV] REMA9$ \TSIDE ( ! ,/ATE WAS DOOM$ TO PILLAGE1 MASSACRE1 & SLAV]Y4  

 ,N[ ?+S HAVE *ANG$4  ,! IDEA ( HUMANITY BECOMES MORE & MORE ( A P[] 9 ! CIVILIZ$ WORLD1 &1 [+ TO ! EXPANSION & 9CREAS+ SPE$ ( MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 & ALSO [+ TO ! 9FLU5CE1 /ILL MORE MAT]IAL ?AN MORAL1 ( CIVILIZATION UPON B>B>\S PEOPLES1 ?IS IDEA ( HUMANITY BEG9S TO TAKE HOLD EV5 ( ! M9DS ( UNCIVILIZ$ NATIONS4 ,?IS IDEA IS ! 9VISIBLE P[] ( \R C5TURY1 ) :I* ! PRES5T P[]S - ! ,/ATES - MU/ RECKON4  ,!Y CANNOT SUBMIT TO IT ( !IR [N FREE WILL BECAUSE SU* SUBMISSION ON !IR P>T W\LD BE EQUIVAL5T TO SUICIDE1 S9CE ! TRIUMPH ( HUMANITY CAN BE REALIZ$ ONLY ?R\< ! DE/RUCTION ( ! ,/ATES4  ,BUT ! ,/ATES CAN NO LONG] D5Y ?IS IDEA NOR OP5LY REBEL AGA9/ IT1 = HAV+ N[ GR[N TOO /RONG1 IT MAY F9ALLY DE/ROY !M4  

 ,! ,/ATE ,HAS TO ,RECOGNIZE ,9 ,ITS ,[N ,HYPOCRITICAL ,MANN] ! ,P[]FUL ,S5TIM5T ( ,HUMANITY4  

 ,9 ! FACE ( ?IS PA9FUL ALT]NATIVE !RE REMA9S ONLY ONE WAY \T3 & ?AT IT HYPOCRISY4  ,! ,/ATES PAY !IR \TW>D RESPECTS TO ?IS IDEA ( HUMANITY2 !Y SPEAK & APP>5TLY ACT ONLY 9 ! NAME ( IT1 BUT !Y VIOLATE IT EV]Y DAY4  ,?IS1 H[EV]1 %\LD NOT BE HELD AGA9/ ! ,/ATES4 ,!Y CANNOT ACT O!RWISE1 !IR POSITION HAV+ BECOME SU* ?AT !Y CAN HOLD !IR [N ONLY BY LY+4  ,DIPLOMACY HAS NO O!R MISSION4  

 ,!RE=E :AT DO WE SEE8  ,EV]Y TIME A ,/ATE WANTS TO DECL>E W> UPON ANO!R ,/ATE1 IT />TS (F BY LAUN*+ A MANIFE/O ADDRESS$ NOT ONLY TO ITS [N SUBJECTS BUT TO ! :OLE WORLD4  ,9 ?IS MANIFE/O IT DECL>ES ?AT RI<T & JU/ICE >E ON ITS SIDE1 & IT 5DEAVORS TO PROVE ?AT IT IS ACTUAT$ ONLY BY LOVE ( PEACE & HUMANITY & ?AT1 IMBU$ ) G5]\S & PEACEFUL S5TIM5TS1 IT SUFF]$ = A LONG TIME 9 SIL5CE UNTIL ! M\NT+ 9IQUITY ( ITS 5EMY =C$ IT TO B>E ITS SWORD4  ,AT ! SAME TIME IT V[S ?AT1 DISDA9FUL ( ALL MAT]IAL CONQUE/ & NOT SEEK+ ANY 9CREASE 9 T]RITORY1 IT WILL PUT & 5D TO ?IS W> AS SOON AS JU/ICE IS REE/ABLI%$4  ,& ITS ANTAGONI/ ANSW]S ) A SIMIL> MANIFE/O1 9 :I* NATURALLY RI<T1 JU/ICE1 HUMANITY1 & ALL ! G5]\S S5TIM5TS >E TO BE F\ND RESPECTIVELY ON ITS SIDE4  

 ,?OSE MUTUALLY OPPOS$ MANIFE/OS >E WRITT5 ) ! SAME ELOQU5CE1 !Y BREA! ! SAME VIRTU\S 9DIGNATION1 & ONE IS JU/ AS S9C]E AS ! O!R2 ?AT IS TO SAY BO? ( !M >E EQUALLY BRAZ5 9 !IR LIES1 & IT IS ONLY FOOLS :O >E DECEIV$ BY !M4  ,S5SIBLE P]SONS1 ALL ?OSE :O HAVE HAD SOME POLITICAL EXP]I5CE1 DO NOT EV5 TAKE ! TR\BLE ( READ+ SU* MANIFE/OS4  ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 !Y SEEK WAYS TO UNCOV] ! 9T]E/S DRIV+ BO? ADV]S>IES 9TO ?IS W>1 & TO WEI< ! RESPECTIVE P[] ( EA* ( !M 9 ORD] TO GUESS ! \TCOME ( ! /RUGGLE4  ,:I* ONLY GOES TO PROVE ?AT MORAL ISSUES >E NOT AT /AKE 9 SU* W>S4  

 ,P]PETUAL ,W> ,IS ! ,PRICE ( ! ,/ATE'S ,EXI/5CE4  

 ,! RI<TS ( PEOPLES1 AS WELL AS ! TREATIES REGULAT+ ! RELATIONS ( ! ,/ATES1 LACK ANY MORAL SANCTION4  ,9 EV]Y DEF9ITE HI/ORIC EPO* !Y >E ! MAT]IAL EXPRESSION ( ! EQUILIBRIUM RESULT+ FROM ! MUTUAL ANTAGONISM ( ,/ATES4  ,SO LONG AS ,/ATES EXI/1 !RE WILL BE NO PEACE4  ,!RE WILL BE ONLY MORE OR LESS PROLONG$ RESPITES1 >MI/ES CONCLUD$ BY ! P]PETUALLY BELLIG]5T ,/ATES2 BUT AS SOON AS ! ,/ATE FEELS SUFFICI5TLY /RONG TO DE/ROY ?IS EQUILIBRIUM TO ITS ADVANTAGE1 IT WILL NEV] FAIL TO DO SO4  ,! HI/ORY ( HUMANITY FULLY BE>S \T ?IS PO9T4  

 ,CRIMES ,>E ! ,MORAL ,CLIMATE ( ,/ATES4  

 ,?IS EXPLA9S TO US :Y EV] S9CE HI/ORY BEGAN1 ?AT IS1 EV] S9CE ,/ATES CAME 9TO EXI/5CE1 ! POLITICAL WORLD HAS ALWAYS BE5 & /ILL CONT9UES TO BE ! /AGE = HI< KNAV]Y & UNSURPASS$ BRIG&AGE - BRIG&AGE & KNAV]Y :I* >E HELD 9 HI< HONOR1 S9CE !Y >E ORDA9$ BY PATRIOTISM1 TRANSC5D5T MORALITY1 & BY ! SUPREME 9T]E/ ( ! ,/ATE4  ,?IS EXPLA9S TO US :Y ALL ! HI/ORY ( ANCI5T & MOD]N ,/ATES IS NO?+ MORE ?AN A S]IES ( REVOLT+ CRIMES2 :Y PRES5T & PA/ K+S & M9I/]S ( ALL TIMES & ( ALL C\NTRIES - /ATESM51 DIPLOMATS1 BUREAUCRATS1 & W>RIORS - IF JUDG$ FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( SIMPLE MORALITY & HUMAN JU/ICE1 DES]VE A ?\S& TIMES ! GALL[S ( P5AL S]VITUDE4  

 ,= !RE IS NO T]ROR1 CRUELTY1 SACRILEGE1 P]JURY1 IMPO/URE1 9FAM\S TRANSACTION1 CYNICAL !FT1 BRAZ5 ROBB]Y OR F\L TREASON :I* HAS NOT BE5 COMMITT$ & ALL >E /ILL BE+ COMMITT$ DAILY BY REPRES5TATIVES ( ! ,/ATE1 ) NO O!R EXCUSE ?AN ?IS ELA/IC1 AT TIMES SO CONV5I5T & T]RIBLE PHRASE ,REASON ( ,/ATE4  ,A T]RIBLE PHRASE 9DE$6  ,= IT HAS CORRUPT$ & DI%ONOR$ MORE PEOPLE 9 (FICIAL CIRCLES & 9 ! GOV]N+ CLASSES ( SOCIETY ?AN ,*RI/IANITY ITSELF4  ,AS SOON AS IT IS UTT]$ EV]Y?+ BECOMES SIL5T & DROPS \T ( SI<T3  HONE/Y1 HONOR1 JU/ICE1 RI<T1 PITY ITSELF VANI%ES & ) IT LOGIC & S\ND S5SE2 BLACK BECOMES :ITE & :ITE BECOMES BLACK1 ! HORRIBLE BECOMES HUMANE1 & ! MO/ DA/>DLY FELONIES & MO/ ATROCI\S CRIMES BECOME M]ITORI\S ACTS4   

  ,CRIME - ! ,PRIVILEGE ( ! ,/ATE4    

 ,:AT IS P]MITT$ TO ! ,/ATE IS =BIDD5 TO ! 9DIVIDUAL4  ,SU* IS ! MAXIM ( ALL GOV]NM5TS4  ,MA*IAVELLI SAID IT1 & HI/ORY AS WELL AS ! PRACTICE ( ALL CONTEMPOR>Y GOV]NM5TS BE> HIM \T ON ?AT PO9T4  ,CRIME IS ! NECESS>Y CONDITION ( ! V]Y EXI/5CE ( ! ,/ATE1 & IT !RE=E CON/ITUTES ITS EXCLUSIVE MONOPOLY1 FROM :I* IT FOLL[S ?AT ! 9DIVIDUAL :O D>ES COMMIT A CRIME IS GUILTY 9 A TWO-FOLD S5SE3  FIR/1 HE IS GUILTY AGA9/ HUMAN CONSCI5CE1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 HE IS GUILTY AGA9/ ! ,/ATE 9 >ROGAT+ TO HIMSELF ONE ( ITS MO/ PRECI\S PRIVILEGES4  

 ,/ATE ,MORALITY ,ACCORD+ TO ,MA*IAVELLI4  

 ,! GREAT ,ITALIAN POLITICAL PHILOSOPH]1 ,MA*IAVELLI1 WAS ! FIR/ :O GAVE CURR5CY TO ?IS PHRASE 7REASON ( ,/ATE71 OR AT LEA/ HE GAVE IT ITS TRUE MEAN+ & ! IMM5SE POPUL>ITY :I* IT HAS 5JOY$ EV] S9CE 9 GOV]NM5TAL CIRCLES4  ,REALI/IC & POSITIVE ?9K] ?AT HE WAS1 HE CAME TO UND]/& - & HE WAS ! FIR/ ONE 9 ?IS RESPECT - ?AT ! GREAT & P[]FUL ,/ATES C\LD BE F\ND$ & MA9TA9$ ONLY BY CRIME - BY MANY GREAT CRIMES - & BY A ?OR\< CONTEMPT = ANY?+ CALL$ HONE/Y4  

 ,HE WROTE1 EXPLA9$1 & >GU$ HIS CASE ) T]RIBLE FRANKNESS4  ,& S9CE ! IDEA ( HUMANITY WAS :OLLY IGNOR$ 9 HIS TIME2 S9CE ! IDEA ( FRAT]NITY - NOT HUMAN1 BUT RELIGI\S - PREA*$ BY ! ,CA?OLIC ,*UR* HAD BE51 AS IT ALWAYS IS1 NO?+ BUT A <A/LY IRONY BELI$ AT EV]Y 9/ANT BY ! ACTS ( ! ,*UR* ITSELF2 S9CE 9 HIS TIME NO ONE BELIEV$ ?AT !RE1 WAS SU* A ?+ AS POPUL> RI<TS - ! PEOPLE HAV+ BE5 CONSID]$ AN 9]T & 9EPT MASS1 A SORT ( CANNON-FODD] = ! ,/ATE1 TO BE TAX$ IMPRESS$ 9TO =C$ LABOR & KEPT 9 A /ATE ( ET]NAL OB$I5CE2 9 VIEW ( ALL ?IS ,MA*IAVELLI >RIV$ QUITE LOGICALLY AT ! IDEA ?AT ! ,/ATE WAS ! SUPREME GOAL ( HUMAN EXI/5CE1 ?AT IT HAD TO BE S]V$ AT ANY CO/1 & ?AT S9CE ! 9T]E/ ( ! ,/ATE /OOD ABOVE EV]Y?+ ELSE1 A GOOD PATRIOT %\LD NOT RECOIL FROM ANY CRIME 9 ORD] TO S]VE ! ,/ATE4  

 ,MA*IAVELLI C\NSELS REC\RSE TO CRIME1 URGES IT1 & MAKES IT ! S9E QUA NON ( POLITICAL 9TELLIG5CE AS WELL AS ( TRUE PATRIOTISM4 ,:E!R ! ,/ATE IS CALL$ MON>*Y OR REPUBLIC1 CRIME WILL ALWAYS BE NECESS>Y TO MA9TA9 & ASSURE ITS TRIUMPH4 ,?IS CRIME WILL NO D\BT *ANGE ITS DIRECTION & OBJECT1 BUT ITS NATURE WILL REMA9 ! SAME4 ,IT WILL ALWAYS BE ! =C$ & ABID+ VIOLATION ( JU/ICE & ( HONE/Y - = ! GOOD ( ! ,/ATE4  

 ,:]E9 ,MA*IAVELLI ,WAS ,WRONG4  

 ,YES1 ,MA*IAVELLI WAS RI<T3 WE CANNOT D\BT IT N[ ?AT WE HAVE ! EXP]I5CE ( ?REE & A HALF C5TURIES ADD$ TO HIS [N EXP]I5CE4 ,YES1 ,HI/ORY TELLS US ?AT :ILE SMALL ,/ATES >E VIRTU\S BECAUSE ( !IR FEEBL5ESS1 P[]FUL ,/ATES SU/A9 !MSELVES ONLY ?R\< CRIME4 ,BUT \R CONCLUSION WILL DIFF] RADICALLY FROM ?AT ( ,MA*IAVELLI1 & ! REASON !RE( IS QUITE SIMPLE3 WE >E ! SONS ( ! ,REVOLUTION & WE HAVE 9H]IT$ FROM IT ! ,RELIGION ( ,HUMANITY :I* WE HAVE TO F\ND UPON ! RU9S ( ! ,RELIGION ( ,DIV9ITY4 ,WE BELIEVE 9 ! RI<TS ( MAN1 9 ! DIGNITY & NECESS>Y EMANCIPATION ( ! HUMAN SPECIES4 ,WE BELIEVE 9 HUMAN LIB]TY & HUMAN FRAT]NITY BAS$ UPON HUMAN JU/ICE4  

 ,PATRIOTISM ,DECIPH]$4  

 ,WE HAVE ALREADY SE5 ?AT BY EXCLUD+ ! VA/ MAJORITY ( HUMANITY FROM ITS MID/1 BY PLAC+ IT \TSIDE ( ! OBLIGATIONS & RECIPROCAL DUTIES ( MORALITY1 ( JU/ICE1 & ( RI<T1 ! ,/ATE D5IES HUMANITY ) ?IS HI<-S\ND+ WORD1 ,PATRIOTISM1 & IMPOSES 9JU/ICE & CRUELTY UPON ALL ( ITS SUBJECTS AS !IR SUPREME DUTY4  

 ,MAN'S ,ORIG9AL ,WICK$NESS - ! ,!ORETICAL ,PREMISE ( ! ,/ATE4  

 ,EV]Y ,/ATE1 LIKE EV]Y !OLOGY1 ASSUMES ?AT MAN IS ESS5TIALLY WICK$ & BAD4 ,9 ! ,/ATE :I* WE >E GO+ TO EXAM9E N[1 ! GOOD1 AS WE HAVE ALREADY SE51 BEG9S ) ! CONCLUSION ( ! SOCIAL CONTRACT1 & !RE=E IS ONLY ! PRODUCT ( ?IS CONTRACT - ITS V]Y CONT5T4 ,IT IS NOT ! PRODUCT ( LIB]TY4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 SO LONG AS M5 REMA9 ISOLAT$ 9 !IR ABSOLUTE 9DIVIDUALITY1 5JOY+ ALL !IR NATURAL LIB]TY1 RECOGNIZ+ NO LIMITS TO ?IS LIB]TY BUT ?OSE IMPOS$ BY FACT & NOT BY RI<T1 !Y FOLL[ ONLY ONE LAW - ! LAW ( NATURAL EGOISM4  

 ,!Y 9SULT1 MALTREAT1 ROB1 MURD]1 & DEV\R ONE ANO!R1 EV]YONE ACCORD+ TO ! MEASURE ( HIS 9TELLIG5CE1 ( HIS CUNN+1 & ( HIS MAT]IAL =CES1 AS IS N[ BE+ DONE BY ! ,/ATES4 ,H5CE HUMAN LIB]TY PRODUCES NOT GOOD BUT EVIL1 MAN BE+ BAD BY NATURE4 ,H[ DID HE BECOME BAD8 ,?AT IS = !OLOGY TO EXPLA94 ,! FACT IS ?AT ! ,/ATE1 :5 IT CAME 9TO EXI/5CE1 F\ND MAN ALREADY 9 ?AT /ATE & IT SET = ITSELF ! TASK ( MAK+ HIM GOOD2 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ( TRANS=M+ ! NATURAL MAN 9TO A CITIZ54  

 ,ONE MI<T SAY TO ?IS ?AT 9ASMU* AS ! ,/ATE IS ! PRODUCT ( A CONTRACT FREELY CONCLUD$ BY M5 & S9CE GOOD IS ! PRODUCT ( ! ,/ATE1 IT FOLL[S ?AT IT IS ! PRODUCT ( LIB]TY4 ,?IS1 H[EV]1 W\LD BE AN UTT]LY WRONG CONCLUSION4 ,! ,/ATE1 EV5 ACCORD+ TO ?IS !ORY1 IS NOT ! PRODUCT ( LIB]TY1 BUT1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 ! PRODUCT ( ! VOLUNT>Y NEGATION & SACRIFICE ( LIB]TY4 ,NATURAL M51 ABSOLUTELY FREE FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( RI<T1 BUT 9 FACT EXPOS$ TO ALL ! DANG]S :I* AT EV]Y 9/ANT ( !IR LIVES M5ACE !IR SECURITY1 9 ORD] TO ASSURE & SAFEGU>D ! LATT] SACRIFICE1 ABDICATE A GREAT] OR LESS] PORTION ( !IR LIB]TY1 & 9ASMU* AS !Y SACRIFICE IT = ! SAKE ( !IR SECURITY1 9S(> AS !Y BECOME CITIZ5S1 !Y ALSO BECOME ! SLAVES O F ! ,/ATE4  ,!RE=E WE HAVE ! RI<T TO AFFIRM ?AT FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! ,/ATE ! GOOD >ISES NOT FROM LIB]TY1 BUT1 ON ! CONTR>Y1 FROM ! NEGATION ( LIB]TY4  

 ,!OLOGY & ,POLITICS4  

 ,IS IT NOT REM>KABLE1 ?IS SIMILITUDE BETWE5 !OLOGY 7! SCI5CE ( ! ,*UR*7 & POLITICS 7! !ORY ( ! ,/ATE71 ?IS CONV]G5CE ( TWO APP>5TLY CONTR>Y ORD]S ( ?\<TS & FACTS UPON ONE & ! SAME CONVICTION3 ?AT ( ! NECESSITY ( SACRIFIC+ HUMAN LIB]TY 9 ORD] TO MAKE M5 9TO MORAL BE+S & TRANS=M !M 9TO SA9TS1 ACCORD+ TO SOME1 & VIRTU\S CITIZ5S1 ACCORD+ TO O!RS8  ,AS = US1 WE >E H>DLY SURPRIS$ AT IT1 = WE >E CONV9C$ ?AT POLITICS & !OLOGY >E BO? CLOSELY RELAT$1 /EMM+ FROM ! SAME ORIG9 & PURSU+ ! SAME AIM UND] TWO DIFF]5T NAMES2 WE >E CONV9C$ ?AT EV]Y ,/ATE IS A T]RE/RIAL ,*UR*1 JU/ AS EV]Y ,*UR* ) ITS ,HEAV5 ! ABODE ( ! BLESS$ & ! IMMORTAL GODS - IS NO?+ BUT A CELE/IAL ,/ATE4  

 ,! ,SIMIL>ITY ( ! ,E?ICAL ,PREMISES ( ,!OLOGY & ,POLITICS4  

 ,! ,/ATE !N1 LIKE ! ,*UR*1 />TS ) ?IS FUNDAM5TAL ASSUMPTION ?AT ALL M5 >E ESS5TIALLY BAD & ?AT :5 LEFT TO !IR NATURAL LIB]TY !Y WILL TE> ONE ANO!R AP>T & WILL (F] ! SPECTACLE ( ! MO/ FRI<TFUL AN>*Y :]E9 ! /RONGE/ WILL KILL OR EXPLOIT ! WEAK] ONES4 ,& IS NOT ?IS JU/ ! CONTR>Y ( :AT IS N[ TAK+ PLACE 9 \R EXEMPL>Y ,/ATES8  

 ,LIKEWISE ! ,/ATE POSITS AS A PR9CIPLE ! FOLL[+ T5ET3 ,9 ORD] TO E/ABLI% PUBLIC ORD] IT IS NECESS>Y TO HAVE A SUP]IOR AU?ORITY2 9 ORD] TO GUIDE M5 & REPRESS !IR WICK$ PASSIONS1 IT IS NECESS>Y TO HAVE A LEAD]1 & ALSO TO IMPOSE A CURB UPON ! PEOPLE1 BUT ?IS AU?ORITY MU/ BE VE/$ 9 A MAN ( VIRTU\S G5IUS1 A LEGISLATOR = HIS PEOPLE1 LIKE ,MOSES1 ,LYCURGUS1 OR ,SOLON - & ?AT LEAD] & ?AT CURB WILL EMBODY ! WISDOM & ! REPRESSIVE P[] ( ! ,/ATE4  

 ,SOCIETY NOT A ,PRODUCT ( A ,CONTRACT4  

 ,! ,/ATE IS A TRANSITORY HI/ORIC =M1 A PASS+ =M ( SOCIETY - LIKE ! ,*UR*1 ( :I* IT IS A Y\NG] BRO!R - BUT IT LACKS ! NECESS>Y & IMMUTABLE *>ACT] ( SOCIETY :I* IS ANT]IOR TO ALL DEVELOPM5T ( HUMANITY & :I*1 P>TAK+ FULLY ( ! ALMI<TY P[] ( NATURAL LAWS1 ACTS1 & MANIFE/ATIONS1 CON/ITUTES ! V]Y BASIS ( HUMAN EXI/5CE4 ,MAN IS BORN 9TO SOCIETY JU/ AS AN ANT IS BORN 9TO ITS ANT-HILL OR A BEE 9TO ITS HIVE2 MAN IS BORN 9TO SOCIETY FROM ! V]Y MOM5T ?AT HE TAKES HIS FIR/ /EP T[>D HUMANITY1 FROM ! MOM5T ?AT HE BECOMES A HUMAN BE+ ?AT IS1 A BE+ POSSESS+ TO A GREAT] OR LESS] EXT5T ! P[] ( ?\<T & SPEE*4 ,MAN DOES NOT *OOSE SOCIETY2 ON ! CONTR>Y1 HE IS ! PRODUCT ( ! LATT]1 & HE IS JU/ AS 9EVITABLY SUBJECT TO ! NATURAL LAWS GOV]N+ HIS ESS5TIAL DEVELOPM5T AS TO ALL ! O!R NATURAL LAWS :I* HE MU/ OBEY4  

 ,REVOLT ,AGA9/ ,SOCIETY ,9CONCEIVABLE4  

 ,SOCIETY ANT$ATES & AT ! SAME TIME SURVIVES EV]Y HUMAN 9DIVIDUAL1 BE+ 9 ?IS RESPECT LIKE ,NATURE ITSELF4 ,IT IS ET]NAL LIKE ,NATURE1 OR RA!R1 HAV+ BE5 BORN UPON \R E>? IT WILL LA/ AS LONG AS ! E>?4 ,A RADICAL REVOLT AGA9/ SOCIETY W\LD !RE=E BE JU/ AS IMPOSSIBLE = MAN AS A REVOLT AGA9/ ,NATURE1 HUMAN SOCIETY BE+ NO?+ ELSE BUT ! LA/ GREAT MANIFE/ATION OR CREATION ( ,NATURE UPON ?IS E>?4 ,& AN 9DIVIDUAL :O W\LD WANT TO REBEL A GA9/ S CITY ?AT IS1 AGA9/ ,NATURE 9 G5]AL & HIS [N NATURE 9 P>TICUL> - W\LD PLACE HIMSELF BEYOND ! PALE ( REAL EXI/5CE1 W\LD PLUNGE 9TO NO?+NESS1 9TO AN ABSOLUTE VOID1 9TO LIFELESS AB/RACTION1 9TO ,GOD4  

 ,SO IT FOLL[S ?AT IT IS JU/ AS IMPOSSIBLE TO ASK :E!R SOCIETY IS GOOD OR EVIL AS IT IS TO ASK :E!R ,NATURE - ! UNIV]SAL1 MAT]IAL1 REAL1 ABSOLUTE1 S\L & SUPREME BE+ - IS GOOD OR EVIL4 ,IT IS MU* MORE ?AN ?AT3 IT IS AN IMM5SE1 POSITIVE1 & PRIMITIVE FACT1 HAV+ HAD EXI/5CE PRIOR TO ALL CONSCI\SNESS1 TO ALL IDEAS1 TO ALL 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL DISC]NM5T2 IT IS ! V]Y BASIS1 IT IS ! WORLD 9 :I*1 9EVITABLY & AT A MU* LAT] /AGE1 !RE BEGAN TO DEVELOP ?AT :I* WE CALL GOOD & EVIL4  

 ,! ,/ATE A ,HI/ORICALLY ,NECESS>Y ,EVIL4  

 ,IT IS NOT SO ) ! ,/ATE4  ,& ,I DO NOT HESITATE TO SAY ?AT ! ,/ATE IS AN EVIL BUT A HI/ORICALLY NECESS>Y EVIL1 AS NECESS>Y 9 ! PA/ AS ITS COMPLETE EXT9CTION WILL BE NECESS>Y SOON] OR LAT]1 JU/ AS NECESS>Y AS PRIMITIVE BE/IALITY & !OLOGICAL DIVIGATIONS W]E NECESS>Y 9 ! PA/4 ,! ,/ATE IS NOT SOCIETY2 IT IS ONLY ONE ( ITS HI/ORICAL =MS1 AS BRUTAL AS IT IS AB/RACT 9 *>ACT]4 ,HI/ORICALLY1 IT >OSE 9 ALL C\NTRIES \T ( ! M>RIAGE ( VIOL5CE1 RAP9E1 & PILLAGE - 9 A WORD1 ( W> & CONQUE/ - ) ! ,GODS CREAT$ 9 SUCCESSION BY ! !OLOGICAL FANCIES ( ! NATIONS4 ,FROM ITS V]Y BEG9N+ IT HAS BE5 - & /ILL REMA9S - ! DIV9E SANCTION ( BRUTAL =CE & TRIUMPHANT 9IQUITY4 ,EV5 9 ! MO/ DEMOCRATIC C\NTRIES1 LIKE ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES ( ,AM]ICA & ,SWITZ]L&1 IT IS SIMPLY ! CONSECRATION ( ! PRIVILEGES ( SOME M9ORITY & ! ACTUAL 5SLAVEM5T ( ! VA/ MAJORITY4  

 ,REVOLT ,AGA9/ ! ,/ATE4  

 ,REVOLT AGA9/ ! ,/ATE IS MU* EASI] BECAUSE !RE IS SOME?+ 9 ! NATURE ( ! ,/ATE :I* PROVOKES REBELLION4 ,! ,/ATE IS AU?ORITY1 IT IS =CE1 IT IS ! O/5TATI\S DISPLAY ( & 9FATUATION ) ,P[]4 ,IT DOES NOT SEEK TO +RATIATE ITSELF1 TO W9 OV]1 TO CONV]T4  ,EV]Y TIME IT 9T]V5ES1 IT DOES SO ) P>TICUL>LY BAD GRACE4 ,= BY ITS V]Y NATURE IT CANNOT P]SUADE BUT MU/ IMPOSE & EX]T =CE4 ,H[EV] H>D IT MAY TRY TO DISGUISE ?IS NATURE1 IT WILL /ILL REMA9 ! LEGAL VIOLATOR ( MAN'S WILL & ! P]MAN5T D5IAL ( HIS LIB]TY4  

 ,MORALITY ,PRESUPPOSES ,FRE$OM4  

 ,& EV5 :5 ! ,/ATE 5JO9S SOME?+ GOOD1 IT UNDOES & SPOILS IT PRECISELY BECAUSE ! LATT] COMES 9 ! =M ( A COMM&1 & BECAUSE EV]Y COMM& PROVOKES & >\SES ! LEGITIMATE REVOLT ( FRE$OM2 & ALSO BECAUSE1 FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( TRUE MORALITY1 ( HUMAN & NOT DIV9E MORALITY1 ! GOOD :I* IS DONE BY COMM& FROM ABOVE CEASES TO BE GOOD & !REBY BECOMES EVIL4 ,LIB]TY1 MORALITY1 & ! HUMANE DIGNITY ( MAN CONSI/ PRECISELY 9 ?AT MAN DOES GOOD NOT BECAUSE HE IS ORD]$ TO DO SO1 BUT BECAUSE HE CONCEIVES IT1 WANTS IT1 & LOVES IT4  

7,S\RCE3 ,FROM 0,! ,POLITICAL ,PHILOSOPHY ( ,BAKUN901 BY ,G4,P4 ,MAXIM(F1 #a#i#e#c47 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#e1 #bag 3 ,! ,IMMORALITY ( ! ,/ATE -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,IMMORALITY ( ! ,/ATE -- ,UPDAT$4 

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