,! ,FALL5 ,WOM5 ( ,LIB]ALISM 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 

,TEXT 3 

,FIR/ ,PUBLI%$3 
,S\RCE3 ,NEW ,9T]NATIONAL1 ,JULY #a#i#d#b1 PP4#a#h#d-#a#h#f4 
,TRANSLAT$3 7FROM ! ,G]MAN7 ,E4 ,LUND 
,TRANSCRIPTION_/,M>KUP3 ,T$ ,CRAW=D_/,BRIAN ,BAGG9S 
,COPYLEFT3 ,LUXEMBURG ,9T]NET ,>*IVE 7M>XI/S4ORG7 #b#d4 ,P]MISSION IS GRANT$ TO COPY &_/OR DI/RIBUTE ?IS DOCUM5T UND] ! T]MS ( ! ,G,N,U ,FREE ,DOCUM5TATION ,LIC5SE4 

,! ,REI*/AG ELECTIONS ( #aiab W]E VIEW$ BY ! ,G]MAN LIB]AL B\RGEOISIE AS AN IMPORTANT TE/ ( /R5G? AGA9/ ! ,KAIS] & HIS L&[N]-MILIT>I/ SUPPORT4 ,?\< NOT ABLE TO CONTROL ! EXECUTIVE BRAN* ( ! GOV]NM5T1 ! ,REI*/AG HAD AU?ORITY TO LEGISLATE ON QUE/IONS ( SU* FIR/-RATE IMPORTANCE TO ! B\RGEOISIE AS ! BUDGET1 TAXES & T>IFFS4 ,) ! HELP ( ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY1 ! B\RGEOIS ,LIB]ALS HOP$ TO E/ABLI% !IR CONTROL OV] ! F9ANCIAL AFFAIRS ( ! ,REI*4 

,! LEAD]S ( ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,P>TY W]E ONLY TOO WILL+ TO COOP]ATE 9 SU* A 0,PEOPLE'S ,FRONT0 AGA9/ REACTION4 ,!Y 5T]$ 9TO ELECTORAL AGREEM5TS :]EBY !Y PL$G$ MUTUAL SUPPORT :]EV] EI!R ( !M WAS CONFRONT$ BY A REACTION>Y C&IDATE 9 ! RUN-(FS4 

,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG SUBJECT$ ?IS ATTEMPT TO BLUR CLASS L9ES 9TO A REVEAL+ ANALYSIS4 ,9 ! FOLL[+ >TICLE %E SUMS UP ! LESSONS ( ! 0,PEOPLE'S ,FRONT0 BLOC4 

,= ALMO/ TWO YE>S N[1 ! LIFE ( ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRACY HAS BE5 TUN$ = ! ,REI*/AG ELECTIONS4 ,?AT GREAT EV5T IS N[ PASS$ & WE CAN MAKE A SURVEY ( ! G5]AL SITUATION4 ,HAS AN 5TIRELY NEW SITUATION BE5 CREAT$ BY ! ELECTIONS1 :I* PROMISES NEW POLITICAL PROSPECTS & P]HAPS EV5 DEM&S A *ANGE 9 ! TACTICS HI!RTO PURSU$ BY ! P>TY8 ,ONE W\LD ALMO/ BELIEVE ?IS FROM A READ+ ( ! ,LIB]AL %EETS4 ,A TRIUMPHANT JUBILATION & 9TOXICAT$ JOY RUNS ?R\< ! ,LIB]AL PRESS3 ! ,BLACK & ,BLUE BLOC .<,BLOC ( RI<T W+ P>TIES1 REPRES5T+ ! MON>*I/S4 MILIT>I/S1 *UR* HI]>*Y1 ETC4.> HAS BE5 DEFEAT$1 AN OPPOSITIONAL MAJORITY ( ! ,LEFT HAS BE5 CREAT$ AGA9/ ! JUNK]-,CL]ICAL REACTION 9 ! ,REI*/AG1 & ALL ?IS - A RESULT ( ! PRES5TATION ( A FIRM FRONT ( ! LIB]AL B\RGEOISIE AGA9/ ! ,RI<T6 ,! MUTUAL ELECTORAL SUPPORT ( ! ,LIB]ALS & ! ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS1 SO !Y PUT IT1 HAS BR\<T AB\T ?IS SUDD5 FUNDAM5TAL *ANGE 9 ! POLITICAL SITUATION4 

,G]MANY'S POLITICAL HEAV5S W\LD REALLY RES\ND ) ! MUSIC ( ! LIB]AL VIOL9S IF ONLY ! ALLIANCE ( ! WORK]S' P>TY & ! B\RGEOISIE 9 ! ,REI*/AG W\LD EV] BECOME A LA/+ ONE4 ,!SE MELODIES MAY NOT S\ND BAD1 P>TICUL>LY TO ! E>S ( ?AT H&FUL ( PECULI> 5?USIA/S 9 \R [N RANKS :O HAVE = SOME TIME HOP$ = A DECISIVE *ANGE 9 ! ,G]MAN POLITICAL SC5E AS A RESULT ( A 0GREAT BLOC FROM ,BASS]MAN .<,LEAD] ( RI<T W+ B\RGEOIS ,LIB]ALS4.> TO ,BEBEL10 & HAVE PROPHESI$ ! HAPPY RESURRECTION ( A LIB]ALISM N[ G5]ALLY BELIEV$ TO BE DEAD4 ,! PRES5T RESURRECTION1 PROCLAIM$ ) SELF-9TOXICATION1 IS ALSO1 ALAS1 NO?+ BUT A BIG HUMBUG4 ,?IS HAPPY BELIEF1 :I* EV5 IMPRESS$ MANY A SOCIAL DEMOCRAT ) ITS BRAGGADOCIO1 C\LD ONLY >ISE 9 ! FIR/ 9TOXICATION ( VICTORY4 

0,FACTS & FIGURES1 FACTS & FIGURES60 AS ,MR4 ,B\ND]BY 9 ,DICK5S' ,H>D ,TIMES W\LD PUT IT4 ,:AT DOES ! LEG5D ( ! MANLY VIRTUES ( LIB]ALISM LOOK LIKE 9 ! LI<T ( FIGURES & FACTS8 ,9 ! G5]AL ELECTION ! RI<T W+ ( LIB]ALISM WON ONLY F\R SEATS :ILE ! LEFT W+ WON NONE4 ,) ?IS1 ! SITUATION ( #aic RETURN$ TO NORMAL AGA9 & ! FIR/ E/ABLI%$ FACT IS ?IS3 LIB]ALISM1 AS AN 9DEP5D5T P>TY /&+ ON ITS [N /R5G?1 NO LONG] EXI/S4 ,! PR\D *AMPION ) :OM ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY IS TO RIDE 9TO BATTLE >M 9 >M CAN CONT9UE TO LIVE ONLY BY ! GRACE ( EI!R ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY OR ( ! REACTION>IES4 ,!N CAME ! RUN-(F ELECTIONS & N[ ! REAL H]OIC DE$S ( LIB]ALISM BEGAN4 ,ONLY 9 ,BAV>IA & 9 ! ,REI* PROV9CES DO ! LIB]AL VOT]S G5]ALLY FOLL[ ! SLOGAN1 0! FRONT AGA9/ ! ,RI<T0 9 ! FIR/ TWO RUN-(F ELECTIONS4 ,:AT1 H[EV]1 WAS !IR POSITION ?R\<\T ! RE/ ( ! C\NTRY8 ,9 ! FIR/ RUN-(F ELECTION1 ! ,PEOPLES ,P>TY DELIV]$ SIXTE5 DI/RICTS TO ! REACTION>IES4 ,! ,NATIONAL ,LIB]ALS DID ! SAME 9 TWO DI/RICTS4 ,9 ! SECOND RUN-(F1 ! ,PEOPLES ,P>TY H&$ OV] TWO DI/RICTS TO ! ANTI-,SEMITES4 ,) ! EXCEPTION ( ,COLOGNE & ,HEILBRONN1 ! LIB]AL VOT]S DIVID$ 9 SU* A WAY ?AT A SMALL P>T VOT$ = ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY & ! GREAT] NUMB] W5T OV] TO REACTION & /ABB$ ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY 9 ! BACK4 ,! FACT ?AT WE /ILL WON SU* A L>GE NUMB] ( SEATS 9 ! SECOND RUN-(F ELECTION WAS POSSIBLE BECAUSE WE /ILL HAD RES]VES TO BR+ TO ! POLLS & P>TICUL>LY BECAUSE WE ALREADY HAD TAK5 SU* A LEAD 9 ! FIR/ ELECTIONS AS TO PREV5T ! LIB]AL TRAITORS FROM CAUS+ US A WORSE DISA/]4 ,& EXACTLY ! SAME1 YES1 WORSE1 OCCURR$ 9 ! ?IRD RUN-(F2 9 EV]Y DI/RICT :]E WE WON1 ! 0PROGRESSIVES10 JU/ LIKE ! ,NATIONAL ,LIB]ALS1 W5T OV] 9 !IR MAJORITIES TO ! CAMP ( REACTION4 ,= EXAMPLE1 ( ! #a#a1 ,PROGRESSIVE VOTES 9 ,POTSDAM-,O/HAVELL&1 #a1#b W5T TO ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY & #f1#b TO ! ,REI*S ,P>TY6 ,\R VICTORY W\LD ALSO HAVE BE5 IMPOSSIBLE ON ?IS ELECTION DAY HAD NOT ! G5]AL ELECTION GIV5 US SU* A /RONG PREPOND]ANCE4 ,ONLY A V]Y FEW DI/RICTS DID ! LIB]AL VOTES :I* WE RECEIV$ C\NT]-BALANCE ?AT GIV5 TO ! REACTION>IES4 

,! DIFF]5CE 9 ! RESULTS ( ! LA/ TWO RUN-(F ELECTIONS 9 COMP>ISON TO ! FIR/ IS NOT DUE TO ! LIB]ALS TAK+1 AFT] MANY A /UMBLE1 TO ! DIFFICULT PA? ( VIRTUE & DECISIVELY M>*+ =W>D4 ,IT EXPLA9S ITSELF AS BE+ DUE TO A MU* SIMPL] CIRCUM/ANCE4 ,! CLEV] /RATEGY ( ! GOV]NM5T S5T ?OSE DI/RICTS 9 :I* ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY WAS WEAKE/ TO ! FIR+ L9E FIR/1 :ILE ON ! LA/ TWO ELECTION DAYS ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY /OOD 9 ! LEAD AS ! /RONGE/ P>TY FROM ! \TSET4 ,! LEG5D ( ! GREAT RESCU+ ELECTORAL HELP ( ! ,LIB]ALS = ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY CAN !RE=E ONLY BE P$DL$ BY ! ,PROGRESSIVES1 :O HAVE EV]Y REASON 9 ! WORLD TO BAMBOOZLE EV]YBODY1 !MSELVES 9CLUD$4 ,NOT ?ANKS TO ! HELP ( ! ,LIB]ALS1 BUT DESPITE !IR BETRAYALS DID WE W9 SO MANY SEATS4 ,IT WAS ) \R [N /R5G? ?AT WE WON :]E ! ,PROGRESSIVES & ,NATIONAL ,LIB]ALS OPPOS$ US & IT AS G5]ALLY DUE TO \R [N /R5G? :]E WE WON OV] REACTION4 ,\R [N #d1#b#e1 VOT]S1 ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC MASSES1 C>RI$ \R BANN]S VICTORI\SLY FROM ! FIR/ ATTACK TO ! LA/ RUN-(F AGA9/ ! OPPOSITION ( ! REACTION>IES & ! TREA*]Y ( ! LIB]ALS4 

,IT IS WELL UND]/OOD ?AT IT MAY BE 9 ! 9T]E/S ( ! ,LIB]AL POLITICIANS TO CONCEAL !SE FACTS4 ,W]E ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY1 H[EV]1 TO SUPPORT ! ,LIB]AL LEG5D IT W\LD BE GUILTY ( ! GRAVE/ ]ROR ( A POLITICAL /RATEGI/ - ! UND]E/IMATION ( Y\R [N /R5G?4 ,! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY HAS GA9$ ITS GREATE/ VICTORY ) ITS [N /R5G?1 A /R5G? CREAT$ BY ! PROLET>IAN CLASS /RUGGLE1 MORE SELF-RELIANT ?AN EV]1 & 9 OPPOSITION TO ALL ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES4 ,& IT W\LD BE AN 9JU/ICE TO ! 5?USIA/IC MASSES ( PROLET>IANS :O /REAM$ TO US 9 ! MILLIONS1 W]E WE TO BELITTLE ?IS VICTORY1 !IR VICTORY1 BY GIV+ IT AN 9SANE 9T]PRETATION 9 ! S5SE ?AT ! LIB]ALS DO4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ON \R P>T WE APP>5TLY MOM5T>ILY BLURR$ ! CLE> L9ES ( ! MA9 /RUGGLE & HELP$ TO PULL UP ! LEG5D ( A BRO!RHOOD 9 >MS ) ! LIB]ALS & ( !IR H]OIC DE$S4 ,?IS RESULT$ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 FROM A TOO ACTIVE SOLICITATION ( ,LIB]AL SUPPORT ON ! P>T ( \R C5TRAL ORGAN1 !N1 DUR+ ! :OLE RUN-(F CAMPAIGN1 9 :I* \R LEAD+ BODIES ADVANC$ 9 UNISON ) ! ,LIB]ALS1 A LITTLE TOO VOCIF]\SLY ! SLOGAN 0AGA9/ ! ,BLACK & ,BLUE BLOC40 

,N[1 H[EV]1 A COOL EXAM9ATION ( ! FACTS %[S ?AT WE F\<T & CONQU]$1 FROM BEG9N+ TO 5D1 ) \R [N /R5G? & ?AT ! HELP FROM ! ,LIB]ALS WAS1 ON ! :OLE1 AN ILLUSION4 ,IT REVEALS ITSELF 9 ! 5D TO HAVE BE5 AN 5TIRELY NEGATIVE VIRTUE 9 ?AT EV]Y LA/ ,LIB]AL VOTE WAS NOT CA/ = ! REACTION & AGA9/ US4 ,GRANT$ ?AT A VICTORY W\LD HAVE BE5 IMPOSSIBLE 9 SOME ( ! CLOSELY F\<T DI/RICTS IF ! ,LIB]ALS W\LD HAVE GONE OV] TO REACTION 9 !IR 5TIRETY4 ,BUT IS ?AT A M]IT TO BE M>K$ TO !IR CR$IT & MADE ! BASIS ( A RELIABLE ALLIANCE :5 ONE EXAM9ES ! RELATION%IP ( =CES FROM P>TY TO P>TY8 ,! LOOSE1 UNDISCIPL9$ TROOP ( ,LIB]AL VOT]S1 ! MAJORITY ( :OM WILL GO OV] TO REACTION EV]Y TIME1 >E NO >MY ) :I* REACTION CAN BE DEFEAT$4 0,\T ( PAP ,I CANNOT BAKE A SWORD10 S+S ,SIEGFRI$4 ,& AS ! ,LIB]ALS1 ! ,PROGRESSIVES 9CLUD$1 DESPITE ! (FICIAL ELECTION SLOGANS ( !IR P>TIES1 R5D]$ ?R\<\T 9 !IR MAJORITIES1 RE9=CEM5TS TO REACTION1 ! LATT]1 9 TURN1 GAVE !M P[]FUL SUPPORT4 ,REG>DLESS ( :AT FABLES ! B>DS ( ! NEWE/ H]OIC EPIC ( LIB]ALISM MAY ORIG9ATE1 ! FACT REMA9S3 ,! ,CONS]VATIVES & ANTI-,SEMITES HELP$ ! ,PROGRESSIVES TO VICTORY OV] US 9 A DOZ5 DI/RICTS & ! ,NATIONAL ,LIB]ALS 9 ANO!R DOZ54 ,9 /ILL O!R DI/RICTS !IR ASSI/ANCE WAS DEFEAT$ BY ! OV]:ELM+ P[] ( ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY4 

,?US HAS LIB]ALISM COMPLETELY CONFIRM$ ITS 9H]5T WRET*$NESS & ITS HOMOG5EITY ) REACTION 9 ?IS ELECTION AS BE=E4 ,& SO AB\T ! ONLY REAL RESULT ( ! GLORI\S ALLIANCE ( ,LIB]ALISM & ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY ?AT REMA9S IS BY ALL MEANS ! UND\BT$ FACT ?AT ! MASSES ( ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRATIC VOT]S SAV$ = ! ,REI*/AG SOME DOZ5 DEPUTIES ( ! ,LIB]AL BR& :O W\LD O!RWISE HAVE BE5 SWEPT AWAY 9 ! FLOOD4 

,& IT W\LD BE A WOND] IF ALL ( ?IS HAD TURN$ \T DIFF]5TLY4 ,P>LIAM5T>Y *ECK]-BO>D MOVES & ELECTION /RATEGY CANNOT ALT] HI/ORICAL FACTS1 BANI% CLASS 9T]E/S1 OR BRIDGE CLASS CONTRADICTIONS4 ,! DEVELOPM5T ( ,G]MANY ON ! BASIS ( MONOPOLY CAPITALISM :I* HAS PROGRESS$ 9 REC5T YE>S ) GREAT =CE & AT A DIZZY+ PACE1 & ! IMP]IALI/ EPO* ( WORLD POLITICS1 :I* HAS REC5TLY BE5 U%]$ 9 ) A BEAT+ ( DRUMS1 CANNOT BE GOTT5 RID ( ?R\< P>LIAM5T>Y TRICKS4 ,ITS IRON LOGIC LEADS TO AN EV] DEEP] DIVISION ( B\RGEOIS SOCIETY1 & ITS IRON /EP /AMPS \T M]CILESSLY ! REMA9S ( :AT CALLS ITSELF B\RGEOIS PROGRESS & B\RGEOIS ,LIB]ALISM4 ,A RESURRECTION ( ,LIB]ALISM 9 ,G]MANY = COMMON ACTION ) ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY AGA9/ REACTION - 5TIRELY EXCLUD$ N[ 9 ! ]A ( GR[+ CAPITALISM CAN1 !RE=E1 ONLY BE ! DREAM ( A FOOL OR A PIECE ( \TRI<T FAK]Y4 ,!SE WOOD5 NICKELS CAN ONLY BE PASS$ (F AS G5U9E CO9S BY ?OSE :O >E 9T]E/$ 9 CONFUS+ ! CLASS CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PROLET>IAT4 

,LIB]AL ORGANS ( ! TYPE ( ! ,B]L9] ,TAGEBLATT & POLITICIANS LIKE ,H]R ,HAUSMANN MAY P]=M JOY\S SOM]SAULTS ON ! RU9S ( ! ,BLACK & ,BLUE BLOC & TRIUMPHANTLY HOI/ ! FLAG ( ! 0,UNIT$ ,LEFT0 - ?AT ,LEFT :I* IS TO 5COMPASS 9 ITS MAJORITY ! SAME ,NATIONAL ,LIB]AL ,P>TY :I* ! ,B]L9] ,TAGEBLATT ONLY YE/]DAY1 9 AN 5LI<T5$ MOM5T1 CALL$ 0A FALL5 WOMAN40 ,! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY CANNOT BUILD ITS HOPES & PLANS ( BATTLE ON ! 0FALL5 WOM50 ( B\RGEOIS ,LIB]ALISM4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y1 IT MU/ SAY TO ITSELF ) SOB] UND]/&+3 ,! P>TIES ( ! ,BLACK & ,BLUE BLOC >E DEFEAT$1 BUT ! POLITICS ( ! ,BLACK & ,BLUE ,BLOC CONT9UE TO RULE4 ,! NEXT MILIT>Y BILL WILL %[ ?AT ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY IS /ILL ! ONLY FOE ( REACTION1 AS BE=E4 ,:O1 H[EV]1 IS = MILIT>ISM & IMP]IALISM IS ALSO = ! 9DIRECT TAXES & T>IFFS ?AT >E AS MU* A P>T ( IT AS ,B FOLL[S ,A4 ,! UNANIM\S MAJORITY ( ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES ON ! MILIT>Y & COLONIAL QUE/ION WILL1 AT MO/1 BE %AK5 ON ! T>IFF & TAX QUE/IONS BY A FAMILY QU>REL OV] ! L>G] & SMALL] FIG-LEAF ( ! 9H]ITANCE TAX ?AT IS SUPPOS$ TO HIDE ! PLUND] ( ! TOIL+ MASSES4 ,! QUE/IONS ( MILIT>ISM & IMP]IALISM >E AT ! C5TRAL AXIS ( POLITICAL LIFE TODAY4 ,9 !M1 & NOT 9 ! QUE/ION ( A RESPONSIBLE M9I/RY1 LIES ! KEY TO ! POLITICAL SITUATION4 ,& FROM ?IS VIEWPO9T1 ! RESULT ( ! GREAT ELECTORAL BATTLE = US IS ! UND]/&+ ?AT ! POLITICAL SITUATION REMA9S ! SAME1 IT HAS ONLY RIP5$4 ,WE CANNOT EXPECT A DECL9E ( CAPITALISM1 BUT1 RA!R1 A MI<TY UPSW+1 & ) IT1 A GR[+ %>P5+ ( ! CLASS CONTRADICTIONS4 ,& FL[+ FROM ?IS1 WE HAVE AS ! SITUATION 9 ! ,REI*/AG1 NOT ! OPPOSITION ( ! 0,RI<T0 TO ! 0,LEFT10 BUT1 N[ AS BE=E1 ! OLD OPPOSITION ( ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES AS A :OLE TO ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY4 ,TO BR+ ?IS TO ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! MASSES AS %>PLY AS POSSIBLE1 9 OPPOSITION TO ! ,LIB]AL FALSIFI]S ( HI/ORY1 ?AT IS ! FIR/ PRESS+ TASK ( \R P>TY4 

,A NEW & IMPORTANT FACTOR &1 9 ?IS S5SE1 A NEW SITUATION1 HAS1 TO BE SURE1 BE5 CREAT$ BY ! LA/ ELECTION1 ,?IS IS ! UNEXAMPL$ 9CREASE 9 ! ,SOCIAL-,DEMOCRACY AS A RESULT ( ! %>P CLASS DEVELOPM5TS & AS A BE>] ( ! REVOLUTION>Y CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,SU* AN 9CREASE ( /R5G? LAYS DUTIES UPON \R P>TY4 ,NOT TO UTILIZE ! GREAT 9CREASE 9 ! NUMB] ( \R SUPPORT]S TO GA9 NEW CONQUE/S = ! CLASS-CONSCI\S PROLET>IAT1 TO FUR!R ADVANCE ! CAUSE ( SOCIALISM1 W\LD MAKE US UNWOR?Y ( ! VICTORY4 

,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #f1 #bba 3 ,! ,FALL5 ,WOM5 ( ,LIB]ALISM -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,! ,FALL5 ,WOM5 ( ,LIB]ALISM -- ,UPDAT$4 

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