,! ,DE/RUCTION ( ,NATURE 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK 

,TEXT 3 

,!RE >E NUM]\S COMPLA9TS 9 ! SCI5TIFIC LIT]ATURE AB\T ! 
9CREAS+ DE/RUCTION ( =E/S4 ,BUT IT IS NOT ONLY ! JOY ?AT EV]Y 
NATURE-LOV] FEELS = =E/S ?AT %\LD BE TAK5 9TO ACC\NT4 ,!RE 
>E ALSO IMPORTANT MAT]IAL 9T]E/S1 9DE$ ! VITAL 9T]E/S ( 
HUMANITY4 ,) ! DISAPPE>ANCE ( ABUNDANT =E/S1 C\NTRIES KN[N 9 
,ANTIQUITY = !IR F]TILITY1 :I* W]E D5SELY POPULAT$ & FAM\S 
AS GRAN>IES = ! GREAT CITIES1 HAVE BECOME /ONY DES]TS4 ,RA9 
SELDOM FALLS !RE EXCEPT AS DEVA/AT+ DILUVIAN D[NP\RS ?AT C>RY 
AWAY ! LAY]S ( HUMMUS :I* ! RA9 %\LD F]TILIZE4 ,:]E ! 
M\NTA9 =E/S HAVE BE5 DE/ROY$1 TORR5TS F$ BY SUMM] RA9S CAUSE 
5ORM\S MASSES ( /ONES & S& TO ROLL D[N1 :I* CLOG UP ,ALP9E 
VALLEYS1 CLE>+ AWAY =E/S & DEVA/AT+ VILLAGES :OSE 
9HABITANTS >E 9NOC5T1 0DUE TO ! FACT ?AT P]SONAL 9T]E/ & 
IGNORANCE HAVE DE/ROY$ ! =E/ & HEADWAT]S 9 ! HI< 
VALLEY04 

,! AU?ORS /RONGLY 9SI/ ON P]SONAL 9T]E/ & IGNORANCE 9 
!IR ELOQU5T DESCRIPTION ( ?IS MIS]ABLE SITUATION BUT !Y DO NOT 
LOOK 9TO ITS CAUSES4 ,!Y PROBABLY ?9K ?AT EMPHASIZ+ ! 
CONSEQU5CES IS 5\< TO REPLACE IGNORANCE BY A BETT] UND]/&+ 
& TO UNDO ! EFFECTS4 ,!Y DO NOT SEE ?AT ?IS IS ONLY A P>T ( ! 
PH5OM5ON1 ONE ( NUM]\S SIMIL> EFFECTS ?AT CAPITALISM1 ?IS MODE 
( PRODUCTION :I* IS ! HI<E/ /AGE ( PR(IT-HUNT+1 HAS ON 
NATURE4 

,:Y IS ,FRANCE A C\NTRY POOR 9 =E/S :I* HAS TO IMPORT EV]Y 
YE> HUNDR$S ( MILLIONS ( FRANCS WOR? ( WOOD FROM ABROAD & SP5D 
MU* MORE TO REPAIR ?R\< RE=E/ATION ! DISA/R\S CONSEQU5CES ( 
! DE=E/ATION ( ! ,ALPS8 ,UND] ! ,ANCI5 ,REGIME !RE W]E MANY 
/ATE =E/S4 ,BUT ! B\RGEOISIE1 :O TOOK ! HELM ( ! ,FR5* 
,REVOLUTION1 SAW 9 !SE ONLY AN 9/RUM5T = PRIVATE 5RI*M5T4 
,SPECULATORS CLE>$ #c MILLION HECT>ES TO *ANGE WOOD 9TO GOLD4 ,!Y 
DID NOT ?9K ( ! FUTURE1 ONLY ( ! IMM$IATE PR(IT4 

,= CAPITALISM ALL NATURAL RES\RCES >E NO?+ BUT GOLD4 ,! MORE 
QUICKLY IT EXPLOITS !M1 ! MORE ! FL[ ( GOLD ACCEL]ATES4 ,! 
PRIVATE ECONOMY RESULTS 9 EA* 9DIVIDUAL TRY+ TO MAKE ! MO/ 
PR(IT POSSIBLE )\T EV5 ?9K+ = A S+LE MOM5T ( ! G5]AL 
9T]E/1 ?AT ( HUMANITY4 ,AS A RESULT1 EV]Y WILD ANIMAL HAV+ A 
MONET>Y VALUE & EV]Y WILD PLANT GIV+ RISE TO PR(IT IS IMM$IATELY 
! OBJECT ( A RACE TO EXT]M9ATION4 ,! ELEPHANTS ( ,AFRICA HAVE 
ALMO/ DISAPPE>$1 VICTIMS ( SY/EMATIC HUNT+ = !IR IVORY4 ,IT IS 
SIMIL> = RUBB] TREES1 :I* >E ! VICTIM ( A PR$ATORY ECONOMY 9 
:I* EV]YONE ONLY DE/ROYS !M )\T PLANT+ NEW ONES4 ,9 ,SIB]IA1 
IT HAS BE5 NOT$ ?AT FURR$ ANIMALS >E BECOM+ R>] DUE TO 
9T5SIVE HUNT+ & ?AT ! MO/ VALUABLE SPECIES C\LD SOON 
DISAPPE>4 ,9 ,CANADA1 VA/ VIRG9 =E/S HAVE BE5 R$UC$ TO C9D]S1 
NOT ONLY BY SETTL]S :O WANT TO CULTIVATE ! SOIL1 BUT ALSO BY 
0PROSPECTORS0 LOOK+ = M9]AL DEPOSITS :O TRANS=M M\NTA9 SLOPES 
9TO B>E ROCK SO AS TO HAVE A BETT] OV]VIEW ( ! GR\ND4 ,9 ,NEW 
,GU9EA1 A MASSACRE ( BIRDS ( P>ADISE WAS ORGANIZ$ TO SATISFY ! 
EXP5SIVE :IM ( AN ,AM]ICAN WOMAN BILLIONAIRE4 ,FA%ION CRAZ9ESS1 
TYPICAL ( A CAPITALISM WA/+ SURPLUS VALUE1 HAS ALREADY L$ TO ! 
EXT]M9ATION ( R>E SPECIES2 SEA BIRDS ON ! EA/ COA/ ( ,AM]ICA 
ONLY [E !IR SURVIVAL TO ! /RICT 9T]V5TION ( ! /ATE4 ,SU* 
EXAMPLES C\LD BE MULTIPLI$ AT WILL4 

,BUT >E NOT PLANTS & ANIMALS !RE TO BE US$ BY HUMANS = !IR 
[N PURPOSES8 ,H]E1 WE COMPLETELY LEAVE ASIDE ! QUE/ION ( ! 
PRES]VATION ( NATURE AS IT W\LD BE )\T HUMAN 9T]V5TION4 ,WE 
KN[ ?AT HUMANS >E ! MA/]S ( ! ,E>? & ?AT !Y COMPLETELY 
TRANS=M NATURE TO MEET !IR NE$S4 ,TO LIVE1 WE >E COMPLETELY 
DEP5D5T ON ! =CES ( NATURE & ON NATURAL RES\RCES2 WE HAVE TO 
USE & CONSUME !M4 ,?AT IS NOT ! QUE/ION H]E1 ONLY ! WAY 
CAPITALISM MAKES USE ( !M4 

,A RATIONAL SOCIAL ORD] WILL HAVE TO USE ! AVAILABLE NATURAL 
RES\RCES 9 SU* A WAY ?AT :AT IS CONSUM$ IS REPLAC$ AT ! SAME 
TIME1 SO ?AT SOCIETY DOES NOT IMPOV]I% ITSELF & CAN BECOME 
WEAL?I]4 ,A CLOS$ ECONOMY :I* CONSUMES P>T ( ITS SE$ CORN 
IMPOV]I%ES ITSELF MORE & MORE & MU/ 9EVITABLY FAIL4 ,BUT ?AT IS 
! WAY CAPITALISM ACTS4 ,?IS IS AN ECONOMY :I* DOES NOT ?9K ( ! 
FUTURE BUT LIVES ONLY 9 ! IMM$IATE PRES5T4 ,9 TODAY'S ECONOMIC 
ORD]1 NATURE DOES NOT S]VE HUMANITY1 BUT CAPITAL4 ,IT IS NOT ! 
CLO?+1 FOOD OR CULTURAL NE$S ( HUMANITY ?AT GOV]N PRODUCTION1 BUT 
CAPITAL'S APPETITE = PR(IT1 = GOLD4 

,NATURAL RES\RCES >E EXPLOIT$ AS IF RES]VES W]E 9F9ITE & 
9EXHAU/IBLE4 ,! H>MFUL CONSEQU5CES ( DE=E/ATION = AGRICULTURE 
& ! DE/RUCTION ( USEFUL ANIMALS & PLANTS EXPOSE ! F9ITE 
*>ACT] ( AVAILABLE RES]VES & ! FAILURE ( ?IS TYPE ( ECONOMY4 
,ROOSEVELT RECOGNIZES ?IS FAILURE :5 HE WANTS TO CALL AN 9T]NATIONAL 
CONF]5CE TO REVIEW ! /ATE ( /ILL AVAILABLE NATURAL RES\RCES & 
TO TAKE MEASURES TO /OP !M BE+ WA/$4 

,( C\RSE ! PLAN ITSELF IS HUMBUG4 ,! /ATE C\LD DO MU* TO /OP 
! PITILESS EXT]M9ATION ( R>E SPECIES4 ,BUT ! CAPITALI/ /ATE IS 
9 ! 5D A POOR REPRES5TATIVE ( ! GOOD ( HUMANITY4 ,IT MU/ HALT 
9 FACE ( ! ESS5TIAL 9T]E/S ( CAPITAL4 

,CAPITALISM IS A HEADLESS ECONOMY :I* CANNOT REGULATE ITS ACTS BY AN 
UND]/&+ ( !IR CONSEQU5CES4 ,BUT ITS DEVA/AT+ *>ACT] DOES 
NOT D]IVE FROM ?IS FACT ALONE4 ,OV] ! C5TURIES HUMANS HAVE ALSO 
EXPLOIT$ NATURE 9 A FOOLI% WAY1 )\T ?9K+ ( ! FUTURE ( 
HUMANITY AS A :OLE4 ,BUT !IR P[] WAS LIMIT$4 ,NATURE WAS SO VA/ & 
SO P[]FUL ?AT ) !IR FEEBLE TE*NICAL MEANS HUMANS C\LD ONLY 
EXCEPTIONALLY DAMAGE IT4 ,CAPITALISM1 BY CONTRA/1 HAS REPLAC$ LOCAL 
NE$S ) WORLD NE$S1 & CREAT$ MOD]N TE*NIQUES = EXPLOIT+ 
NATURE4 ,SO IT IS N[ A QUE/ION ( 5ORM\S MASSES ( MATT] BE+ 
SUBJECT$ TO COLOSSAL MEANS ( DE/RUCTION & REMOV$ BY P[]FUL MEANS 
( TRANSPORTATION4 ,SOCIETY UND] CAPITALISM CAN BE COMP>$ TO A 
GIGANTIC UN9TELLIG5T BODY2 :ILE CAPITALISM DEVELOPS ITS P[] )\T 
LIMIT1 IT IS AT ! SAME TIME S5SELESSLY DEVA/AT+ MORE & MORE ! 
5VIRONM5T FROM :I* IT LIVES4 ,ONLY SOCIALISM1 :I* CAN GIVE ?IS 
BODY CONSCI\SNESS & REASON$ ACTION1 WILL AT ! SAME TIME REPLACE 
! DEVA/ATION ( NATURE BY A RATIONAL ECONOMY4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,M>* #a1 #bba 3 ,! ,DE/RUCTION ( ,NATURE -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #h1 #bbb 3 ,! ,DE/RUCTION ( ,NATURE -- ,UPDAT$4 

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