,! ,AM]ICAN ,CRISIS1 ,I,I 

#aih 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9 

,TAGS 3 SOCIETY & ! /ATE1 T[NS NEI<BORHOODS & CITIES1 SEP>ATION ( P[]S1 NEI<BORHOODS & CITIES1 CONCEPT ( CITIZ5%IP1 /& = ELECTION1 NATIONAL /ATE1 M>KET SOCIETY1 SOCIAL LIFE1 UNIT$ /ATES4 

,TEXT 3 

,?IS >TICLE APPE>S 9 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES ) ! P]MISSION ( ! AU?OR & PUBLI%]4 

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--,NEW ,P]SPECTIVES 9 ,LIB]T>IAN ,?\<T-- 

,$,I,T,O,R3 ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9     ,VOL4 #a1 ,NO4 #e     
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,! ,AM]ICAN ,CRISIS ,I,I 

,N,O,T,E3 ,! FOLL[+ ISSUE ( ,C,O,M,M,5,T ,NO4 #e IS A CONT9UATION ( ,NO4 #d4 ,PLEASE NOTE ?AT ! PUBLICATION ( ,C,O,M,M,5,T HAS BE5 MOV$ TO ,BURL+TON1 ,V]MONT1 :]E IT WILL BE PUBLI%$ = AT LEA/ ! NEXT YE>4 ,READ]S :O HAVE SUBSCRIB$ TO ,C,O,M,M,5,T WILL CONT9UE TO RECEIVE IT4 ,?OSE :O HAVE NOT DONE SO -- OR DO NOT 9T5D TO DO SO 9 ! NE> FUTURE -- WILL CEASE TO RECEIVE FUTURE ISSUES [+ TO \R V]Y CONSID]ABLE PR9T & MAIL+ CO/S4 

  

,PHOTO BY ,BILL ,GRE51,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,! SOPHI/ICAT$ ACCUMULATION ( CAPITAL1 TOGE!R ) ! SWEEP+ RE-9DU/RIALIZATION ( ,AM]ICA1 NECESS>ILY HAS F> REA*+ SOCIAL & POLITICAL CONSEQU5CES4 ,MULT9ATIONAL CONGLOM]ATES1 A CORPORATIZ$ ECONOMY1 AN ALL-P]VASIVE M>KET SOCIETY & A L>GELY UPROOT$ UND]CLASS -- ALL >E COMPLETELY 9CONSI/5T ) REPUBLICAN 9/ITUTIONS ?AT W]E DEVELOP$ 9 A M]CANTILE & L>GELY AGR>IAN P]IOD ( HI/ORY4 ,! 0,F\ND+ ,FA!RS0 >E SL[LY BECOM+ ! MORIBUND GR&FA!RS ( :AT IS N[ A QUALITATIVELY NEW SOCIAL ORD]4 ,TO 5TRU/ ISSUES LIKE ! ELECTION ( LEGISLATIVE1 JUDICIAL1 & EXECUTIVE REPRES5TATIVES TO ! PEOPLE1 H[EV] MEAG] !IR POLITICAL LIB]TIES & PRESELECT$ ! C&IDATES1 IS REG>D$ AS ]RATIC & POT5TIALLY LAD5 ) DANG]4 

,! 0,F$]AL ,CON/ITUTION0 -- ITSELF A C5TRALI/IC & NATIONALI/IC REACTION TO ! REGIONALLY & LOCALLY ORI5T$ ,>TICLES ( ,CONF$]ATION ( ! #a#g#hS -- ADVANC$ ! DOCTR9E ( A 0SEP>ATION ( P[]S0 ?AT PLAC$ ! NATIONAL LEGISLATURE1 EXECUTIVE1 & JUDICI>Y 9 AN (FSETT+ RELATION%IP TO EA* O!R4 ,MONTESQUIEU1 FOLL[+ FROM A LONG TRADITION ON ?IS ISSUE1 CREAT$ ! BASIS 9 ,FR5* & ,AM]ICAN POLITICAL !ORY = LEGAL *ECKS & BALANCES ?AT S]V$ TO DIM9I% GOV]NM5TAL P[] & BUREAUCRATIC USURPATION4 ,! BALANC+ ( P[] CAME TO MEAN A BALANC+ ( 9T]E/S1 A LEGAL FRAMEWORK = *ECK+ ! T5D5CY ( ! M>KET TO PREEMPT ALL O!R ECONOMIC =MS & 9T]E/S4 ,IT IS IRONIC ?AT B\RGEOIS 9T]E/ WAS NOT ALWAYS WELL-S]V$ BY ! POLITICAL !ORI/S :O HAVE S9CE BE5 SO SMUGLY CLASSIFI$ AS 0B\RGEOIS DEMOCRATS40 ,! PR9CIPAL REPUBLICAN !ORI/S ( ! #a#g? & #a#h? C5TURIES W]E NOT M]*ANTS OR 9DU/RIALI/S BUT RA!R 5LI<T5$ >I/OCRATS LIKE ,H>R+TON1 ,MONTESQUIEU1 & ,JEFF]SON4 ,GRANT+ ! PRIVILEGES !Y CONSCI\SLY OR UNCONSCI\SLY ACCEPT$ AS !IR SOCIAL H]ITAGE1 !Y NEV]!LESS FE>$ ! DOM9ANCE ( B\RGEOIS 9T]E/ 79DE$1 ( 9T]E/ ITSELF7 AS A MATT] ( PR9CIPLE4 ,! SEP>ATION ( P[]S WAS MEANT TO CONTA9 ! IMPACT ( PRIVATE 9T]E/1 BUREAUCRATIC MANIPULATION1 & 0MONOCRATIC0 P[]1 TO USE ! LANGUAGE ( ! DAY1 FROM SUBV]T+ REPUBLICAN 9/ITUTIONS1 H[EV] DEEPLY !SE 9/ITUTIONS W]E 9FILTRAT$ BY >I/OCRATS ) 5LI<T5M5T VIEWS ( GOV]NM5T4 

,! HI/ORIC %IFT FROM A DI/RIBUTIVE TO A M>KET ECONOMY -- A %IFT ?AT IS ONLY N[ A*IEV+ COMPLETION -- & ! CONC5TRATION ( ECONOMIC P[] 9 CORPORATE ELITES & BUREAUCRACIES HAS OP5$ A BRUTAL1 9DE$1 EXPLOSIVE T5SION BETWE5 ! CLAIMS ( SOCIETY & ! NE$S ( ! /ATE4 ,! SEP>ATION ( P[]S HAS FUZ$ ) ! CONFLICT+ 0PLURALI/IC0 DEM&S ( A VA/ POPULATION ( 9CREAS+LY DISPLAC$ ,AM]ICANS :O >E CONFRONT$ BY A TOTALLY AMBIGU\S FUTURE4 ,! FAMILY /RUCTURE1 ! COMMUNITY1 ! NEI<BORHOOD1 ! ATTEMPT TO P]PETUATE A SIMPLE MAT]IAL COMPET5CE 7BE IT A SMALL 5T]PRISE1 A F>M1 A PR(ESSIONAL C>E]1 OR M]ELY A SECURE JOB7 >E N[ 9 QUE/ION4 ,! V]Y FE> ( UP ROOT$NESS & ISOLATION 9 A PREC>I\S WORLD EXUDES NOT ONLY AN AMBIANCE ( FE> BUT ( 0S$ITION40 ,QUIXOTIC AS IT MAY SEEM1 A <ETTO UPRIS+ IS NOT DISSIMIL> 9 PR9CIPLE FROM ! MASSIVE SUPPORT ?AT ,PROPOSITION #ac 9 ,CALI=NIA RECEIV$ FROM :ITE MIDDLE CLASS SUBURBANITES4 

 ,! ,NEW ,CON/ITUTIONALISM  

,! RECA/+ ( ! CONCEPT ( 0PLURALISM0 9TO A D]OGATORY NOTION ( 0SPECIAL 9T]E/S0 YIELDS S9I/] IDEOLOGICAL & POLITICAL RESULTS4 ,VALID CONFLICT+ 9T]E/S ?AT REFLECT VALID DIFF]5CES & CONTRADICTIONS 9 /ATUS AT EV]Y LEVEL ( SOCIAL LIFE >E TOTALIT>IANIZ$ RA!R ?AN RESOLV$ )9 A FRAMEWORK ( EQUITY & RECIPROCITY4 ,A 0NEW CON/ITUTIONALISM0 HAS EM]G$ ?AT F9DS ITS MO/ OV]T EXPRESSION 9 ! VIEWS ( ,BAY>D ,MANN+ ( ! ,C\NCIL ON ,=EIGN ,RELATIONS ,GREGG ,GUMA 9 A REC5T >TICLE HAS SUMM>IZ$ ,MANN+'S VIEWS & !IR IMPLICATIONS ADMIRABLY4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,GUMA1 ,MANN+1 E>LY 9 #a#i#g#g1 AGREE+ ) ! ,TRILAT]AL ,COMMISSION'S 0DIAGNOSIS ?AT ,AM]ICA'S PROBLEMS /EM FROM AN 'AN EXCESS ( DEMOCRACY' 4 4 4 PROPOS$ ?AT NEW P]MAN5T C\NCILS BE E/ABLI%$ TO H&LE BO? DOME/IC & 9T]NATIONAL AFFAIRS4 ,!Y W\LD BECOME ! 5TRY PO9T TO ,CONGRESS = EXECUTIVE PROPOSALS & W\LD REVIEW EA* BILL BE=E IT W5T TO A FLOOR VOTE4 ,! NEW ,U4,S4 ,C\NCIL & ITS (FSPR+ 9 CONGRESS & EXECUTIVE BRAN* W\LD BR+ TOGE!R KEY CAB9ET (FICIALS & ! *AIRM5 & RANK+ M9ORITY MEMB]S ( AT LEA/ SEV5 ,H\SE & ,S5ATE COMMITTEES4 ,!Y W\LD HAVE A /AFF & W\LD BE ABLE TO %ORT-CIRCUIT OPPOSITION TO NEW PROPOSALS40 ,V]MONT ,VANGU>D1 ,JULY #b#b1 #a#i#h4 

,! PROPOSAL M>KS A MAJOR TRANSITION FROM A REPUBLICAN TO A TE*NOCRATIC IDEOLOGY -- CORPORATIVE1 BUREAUCRATIC1 & ULTIMATELY TOTALIT>IAN 9 NATURE4 ,! 0SPECIAL 9T]E/S0 -- WORK+ CLASS1 E?NIC M9ORITIES1 FEM9I/S1 GAYS1 5VIRONM5TALI/S1 ! ELD]LY & ANTI-NUCLE> PEOPLE1 NOT TO SPEAK ( ! MASSIVE MIDDLE CLASSES -- >E DISSOLV$ 9TO ! NEW FRAMEWORK4 ,!IR [N NE$S & 9T]E/S >E NEUTRALIZ$ BY A FICTIVE 0G5]AL 9T]E/0 7! 0NEW PATRIOTISM0 G5]AT$ BY ! SO-CALL$ ,IRANIAN CRISIS IS ONLY ! MO/ REC5T CASE 9 PO9T7 ?AT IS LIT]ALLY 9/ITUTIONALIZ$ AS CORPORATE-CONTROLL$ 0C\NCILS10 ! 0SOVIETS0 ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,A HI/ORIC CEM5T+ ( !ORETICALLY 9DEP5D5T /RUCTURES RESULTS 9 ONE EFFECTIVE /RUCTURE -- ! BUREAUCRATIC TE*NOCRACY4 ,?IS DEVELOPM5T HAS BE5 9 ! MAK+ S9CE ,ROOSEVELT'S DAY1 :5 ! 0,IMP]IAL ,PRESID5CY0 BECAME FACT UND] W>TIME CONDITIONS & HAS BE5 RE9=C$ BY ITS CA/E ( 0SPECIAL ADVIS]S0 OR 0VIZI]S0 FROM ,H>RY ,HOPK9S 9 ! ?IRTIES & =TIES TO ! ,KISS+]S & ,BREZ9SKIS ( TODAY4 ,BUT ! PRESID5CY ITSELF HAS BE5 TOO P]SON-ORI5T$ & ECC5TRIC TO ALL[ = ! PR$ICTABILITY & ASSURANCE ?AT GO ) A HI<LY RATIONALIZ$ ECONOMY4 ,) ,MANN+'S 0P]MAN5T C\NCILS10 ! ADM9I/RATION ( ! /ATE BECOMES C\NCILI>1 IDEOLOGICALLY & 0OBJECTIVELY10 ! PRODUCT ( 09=MATION10 0SCI5TIFIC MANAGEM5T10 AN EXPRESSION ( POLITICAL OR ADM9I/RATIVE ,TAYLORISM1 & ! CLE> VOICE ( CORPORATE AU?ORITY4 ,= A CYB]NETIC ECONOMY1 ONE MU/ HAVE A CYB]NETIC POLITICS4 ,! ADM9I/]$ ECONOMY SPAWNS ! ADM9I/]$ /ATE -- A /ATE :I* IS NEI!R REPUBLICAN NOR IMM$IATELY TOTALIT>IAN BUT EXQUISITELY 0EFFECTIVE40 

,NEV]!LESS1 !RE >E FACTORS AT WORK 9 ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY ?AT MU/ EV5TUALLY MAKE 0EFFECTIV5ESS0 CONGRU5T ) TOTALIT>IANISM4 ,! 0RE9DU/RIALIZATION0 ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES MU/ YIELD VA/ UNEMPLOYM5T 9 ! LONG RUN4 ,?IS HI< LEVEL ( *RONIC UNEMPLOYM5T MAY NOT EV5 BE CLE>LY VISIBLE2 ITS =MS >E L>GELY 0ILLEGAL0 BY PRES5T-DAY JURIDICAL /&>DS4 ,! =TY-P]C5T UNEMPLOYM5T RATE AMONG BLACK Y\?1 A CONDITION ?AT ?REAT5S TO BECOME P]MAN5T1 HAS PRODUC$ A MASSIVE CRIME WAVE1 WIDESPREAD PRO/ITUTION1 DRUG-DEAL+1 & !FT4 ,?IS CRIME WAVE IS ALSO RAPIDLY GR[+ AMONG UNEMPLOY$ :ITE Y\?1 IRONICALLY AT A HI<] RATE 9 SUBURBS ?AN 9 ! 9N] CITY4 ,! ELD]LY >E SIMPLY BE+ W>EH\S$ = DEA? 9 NURS+ HOMES & 0RETIREM5T0 COMMUNITIES4 ,)9 ! CITIES1 AN 5ORM\S NUMB] ( ! AG+ & AG$ LIVE 9 SELF-IMPOS$ DOME/IC PRISONS1 REGULAT$ BY SELF-IMPOS$ CURFEWS1 & 0PROTECT$0 BY A V]ITABLE >MAM5TORIUM ( W9D[ B>S1 DOOR LOCKS1 & AL]T SY/EMS4 ,VIEW$ FROM ?IS P]SPECTIVE1 0UNEMPLOYM5T0 HAS 9 FACT BECOME A =M ( EMPLOYM5T -- M>G9AL1 ILLEGAL1 FE>SOME1 & SOCIALLY DE/ABILIZ+4 ,AP>T FROM ! SKILLS OBVI\SLY REQUIR$ = ! EXI/5CE ( ANY SOCIETY SU* AS ! HEAL? PR(ESSIONS4 MA9T5ANCE PR(ESSIONS1 & ! BASIC TE*NIQUES ?AT S]VICE ! MAT]IAL & LOGI/ICAL NE$S ( ANY COMMUNITY1 AN AIR ( UNC]TA9TY SURR\NDS MO/ C>E]S ?AT PEOPLE CAN HOPE TO *OOSE4 ,9 AN ]A ?AT CELEBRATES FUTURISM1 NO DEF9ABLE FUTURE CAN BE *>T$ BY ! 9DIVIDUAL & !RE IS LITTLE 5\< 9DIVIDUALITY LEFT TO TAKE ! FUTURE 9 H&4 

,) ! PROSPECT ( MASSIVE UNEMPLOYM5T OR CRIM9ALIZ$ EMPLOYM5T & A GR[+ DECLASSE /RATUM1 MASSIVE UNRE/ & SO>+ CRIM9ALITY1 BRUTALITY1 & SOCIAL UNRE/ BECOME UNAVOIDABLE4 ,DESPITE ! RHETORIC ( ,NEW ,DEAL RE=MISM1 ! BASIS = A SWEEP+ REGIM5TATION ( ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE IS BE+ PREP>$ BY ! /ATE P[]4 ,DRAFT REGI/RATION & ULTIMATELY MILIT>Y CONSCRIPTION >E M]ELY ! SURFACE FEATURES ( A F>-REA*+ MILIT>IZATION & MOBILIZATION ( ALL SOCIALLY DOM9AT$ SECTORS ( ! POPULATION4 ,V>I\S APPROXIMATIONS ( AN 9T]NAL PASSPORT SY/EM1 LEGISLATION TO RE/RICT CIVIL LIB]TIES1 GUN CONTROL1 ! P]FECTION ( ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE DEVICES1 0BILLS ( RI<TS0 = ! ,F,B,I & ,C,I,A1 ! EXPANSION ( PR(ESSIONAL & AUXILI>Y POLICE =CES1 ! USE ( COMPUT]S TO ESS5TIALLY 0REGI/]0 & 0CORRELATE0 DATA ON ! POPULATION -- ALL TAK5 TOGE!R >E A COH]5T CON/ELLATION ( SOCIAL CONTROLS TO IMPLEM5T ! 0NEW CON/ITUTIONALISM40 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT S+LE TR5D = EFFECT+ !SE MEASURES IS ! GR[+ C5TRALIZATION ( ! NATIONAL /ATE4 ,AT A TIME :5 SO MU* IS BE+ WRITT5 AB\T ! 0DECL9E10 0WI!R+ AWAY10 & 0BREAKD[N0 ( ! /ATE1 ! SE>+ FACT IS ?AT ! FUS+ ( SEP>ATE P[]S 9TO A S+LE P[] ?REAT5S TO PRODUCE A /ATE APP>ATUS SO COMM&+ 9 ITS P[] & SO GREATLY RE9=C$ BY ECONOMIC CORPORATISM ?AT IT SURPASSES ! MO/ DESPOTIC /ATE =MS ( HI/ORY4 

  ,T[>D A ,NEW ,MUNICIPALISM  

,GIV5 ! GR[+ C5TRALIZATION ( ! /ATE & ! HOLL[+ \T ( ALL SOCIAL =MS1 ! PROBLEM ( DEVELOP+ POPUL> =MS ( SOCIAL ORGANIZATION HAS BECOME ! HI/ORIC RESPONSIBILITY ( A RELEVANT ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 ,! MY? ( A 0M9IMAL /ATE0 ADVANC$ BY NEO-,M>XI/S1 BY 0,NEW ,AGE0 DEC5TRALI/S1 & BY RI<T-W+ LIB]T>IANS -- H[EV] WELL-MEAN+ !IR NOTIONS MAY BE -- IS ULTIMATELY A JU/IFICATION ( ! /ATE AS SU*4 ,)9 ! CONTEXT ( ! PRES5T CRISIS1 ANY M9IMAL /ATE BECOMES A NAIVE IDEOLOGY = ! ONLY K9D ( /ATE ?AT IS POSSIBLE 9 A CORPORATE1 CYB]NETIC SOCIETY -- A DE FACTO MAXIMUM /ATE4 ,IT IS P>T ( ! V]Y DIALECTIC ( ! PRES5T SITUATION ?AT ANY /ATE CAN NO MORE BE 0M9IMAL0 ?AN A HYDROG5 BOMB CAN BE TURN$ 9TO A 9/RUM5T = PEACE4 ,TO DISCUSS ! 0SIZE0 ( A /ATE -- ITS DIM5SIONS1 DEGREE ( CONTROL1 & FUNCTIONS -- REFLECTS ! SAME WISDOM ?AT IS 9H]5T 9 A DISCUSSIONS ( ! SIZE ( A WEAPON ?AT CAN ONLY LEAD TO ! EXT]M9ATION ( SOCIETY & ! BIOSPH]E4 ,TO ! DEGREE ?AT DISCUSSIONS >\ND ! /ATE FOCUS ON ITS SCOPE & AU?ORITY1 WE REMA9 AT A LEVEL ( DISC\RSE ?AT IS AS RATIONAL AS DISCUSSIONS ON :E!R \R NUCLE> >S5AL WILL CONTA9 WEAPONS ?AT WILL DE/ROY ! WORLD FIVE1 T51 OR FIFTY TIMES OV]4 ,ONCE IS 5\< -- BO? = NUCLE> >S5ALS & ! /ATE4 

,IF A DEC5TRALI/ OPPOSITION TO ! /ATE1 9DE$1 TO ! REGIM5TATION & MILIT>IZATION ( ,AM]ICAN SOCIETY1 IS TO BE MEAN+FUL1 ! T]M 0DEC5TRALIZATION0 ITSELF MU/ ACQUIRE =M1 /RUCTURE1 SUB/ANCE1 & COH]5CE4 ,WORDS LIKE 0HUMAN SCALE0 & 0HOLISM0 BECOME A DEAD5+ CLI*E :5 !Y >E NOT GRASP$ 9 T]MS ( !IR FULL REVOLUTION>Y LOGIC1 ?AT IS1 AS ! REVOLUTION>Y RECON/RUCTION ( ALL SOCIAL RELATIONS & 9/ITUTIONS2 ! CREATION ( AN 5TIRELY NEW ECONOMY BAS$ NOT M]ELY ON 0WORKPLACE DEMOCRACY0 BUT ON ! ES!TISIZATION ( HUMAN PRODUCTIVE P[]S1 ! ABOLITION ( HI]>*Y & DOM9ATION 9 EV]Y SPH]E ( P]SONAL & SOCIAL LIFE2 ! RE9TEGRATION ( SOCIAL & NATURAL COMMUNITIES 9 A COMMON ECOSY/EM4 ,?IS PROJECT 5TAILS A TOTAL BREAK ) M>KET SOCIETY1 DOM9E]+ TE*NOLOGIES1 /ATISM1 & ! PATRIC5TRIC1 ,PROME!AN S5SIBILITIES T[>D HUMANS & NATURE ?AT HAVE BE5 ABSORB$ 9TO & HEI<T5$ BY B\RGEOIS SOCIETY4 ,EV]Y HALF-/EP 9 ?IS DIRECTION IS GROSSLY UNTRUE TO ! PROJECT & ITS ESS5CE4 ,9EVITABLY1 IT YIELDS A TOTAL BETRAY]1 AN IDEOLOGICAL PROP = C5TRALIZATION 9 ! GUISE ( 0DEC5TRALIZATION40 ,EI!R ! PROJECT MU/ BE C>RI$ ?R\< TO ITS MO/ RADICAL 5DS OR IT WILL BE ?R[N 9TO %>P CONFLICT ) ITSELF & ITS ORIG9AL GOALS4 

,:AT IS ! AU!NTIC LOCUS ( ?IS PROJECT8 ,C]TA9LY1 IT IS NOT ! PRES5T DAY WORKPLACE -- ! FACTORY & (FICE - :I* ITSELF HAS TO BE RECON/ITUT$ FUNDAM5TALLY FROM A HI]>*ICAL1 TE*NOLOGICALLY OBSOLETE >5A = MOBILIZ+ LABOR 9TO A CREATIVE WORLD ?AT BL5DS RI*LY ) ! PUBLIC SPH]E & TRANSC5DS ! M]E CONFLICT ( ECONOMIC 9T]E/S4 ,9 SO F> AS SYNDICALISM & C\NCIL COMMUNISM /ILL P]PETUATE ! MY? ( ! WORKPLACE AS A REVOLUTION>Y SPH]E1 !Y BECOME A CRUDE =M ( ,M>XISM )\T ITS OV]T AU?ORIT>IAN *>ACT]I/ICS4 ,NOR CAN ! LOCUS = ?IS PROJECT BE ! ISOLAT$ COMMUNE & COOP]ATIVE1 DESPITE !IR 9VALUABLE FEATURES AS ! GYMNASIA = LE>N+ ! >TS & RESOLV+ ! PROBLEMS ( DIRECT ACTION1 SELF-MANAGEM5T1 & SOCIAL 9T]ACTION4 ,NO FOOD COOP]ATIVE WILL EV] REPLACE GREAT FOOD *A9S SU* AS ,%OPRITE & NO ORGANIC F>M WILL REPLACE AGRIBUS9ESS )\T FUNDAM5TAL *ANGES 9 SOCIETY AT L>GE4 ,AS NUCLEI 9 AN ALL-P]VASIVE M>KET SOCIETY1 !Y CAN SC>CELY BE EXPECT$ TO SIGNIFICANTLY C\NT] A MASSIVE POLITICIZ$ ECONOMY BAS$ ON /UP5D\S MAT]IAL RES\RCES & ULTIMATELY PHYSICAL CO]CION4 ,!Y MAY BE FOCI ( RESI/ANCE1 9DISP5SABLE 9 DEAL+ ) ! NEW *ALL5GES ?AT CONFRONT A REVOLUTION>Y OPPOSITION TODAY4 ,BUT ! ,PR\DHONIAN NOTION ?AT !Y >E ! MAT]IAL WELLSPR+S ( A NEW SOCIETY1 ONE ?AT WILL GRADUALLY REPLACE ! OLD1 IS UTT]LY MY?IC -- WORSE1 OBSCURANTI/4 ,H5CE1 ! SUBTLE VICI\SNESS ( ! ,/AN=D ,RESE>* ,9/ITUTE'S IMAGE ( A DUAL SOCIETY -- ONE1 SMALL & SELF-9DULG5T1 ?AT WILL LIVE BY ! CANONS ( 0VOLUNT>Y SIMPLICITY10 ! O!R1 MASSIVE & PROBABLY OV]:ELM+ 9 NUMB]S1 ?AT WILL LIVE BY ! NE$S 5G5D]$ BY MASS PRODUCTION & A MASS SOCIETY4 ,ULTIMATELY1 ?IS IMAGE S]VES TO DEFLECT ANY CONFLICT BUT A P]SONAL ONE ) ! PROBLEM ( CONFRONT+ A MASSIFY+ M$IA ?AT CRU%ES ! V]Y SPIRIT ( RESI/ANCE BY ! GREAT MAJORITY ( SOCIETY4 

,RESI/ANCE & ! RECOLONIZATION ( SOCIETY MU/ FL[ FROM ! LOGIC ( A BROAD-BAS$ CONFLICT BETWE5 SOCIETY & ! C5TRALIZ$ /ATE1 NOT FROM SOLOI/ 5DEAVORS ?AT >E BOX$ 9TO ISOLAT$ COMMUNAL & P]SONAL EF=TS4 ,EV]Y REVOLUTION HAS BE5 PRECISELY ?AT3 A CONFLICT BETWE5 SOCIETY & ! /ATE4 ,& JU/ AS ! C5TRALIZ$ /ATE TODAY MEANS ! NATIONAL /ATE1 SO SOCIETY TODAY 9CREAS+LY COMES TO MEAN ! LOCAL COMMUNITY -- ! T[N%IP1 ! NEI<BORHOOD1 & ! MUNICIPALITY4 ,! DEM& = ''LOCAL CONTROL0 HAS CEAS$ TO MEAN P>O*IALISM & 9SUL>ITY1 ) ! N>R[NESS ( VISION ?AT >\S$ ,M>X'S FE>S4 ,9 ! =CE FIELD G5]AT$ BY AN 9CREAS+LY C5TRALIZ$ & CORPORATIZ$ ECONOMY1 ! CRY = A RECOV]Y ( COMMUNITY1 AUTONOMY1 RELATIVE SELF-SUFFICI5CY1 SELF RELIANCE1 & DIRECT DEMOCRACY HAS BECOME ! LA/ RESIDUE ( SOCIAL RESI/ANCE TO 9CREAS+ /ATE AU?ORITY4 ,! OV]:ELM+ EMPHASIS ! M$IA HAS GIV5 TO LOCAL AUTONOMY1 TO A MILITANT MUNICIPALISM1 AS REFUGES = MIDDLE-CLASS P>O*IALISM -- (T5 ) RACI/ & ECONOMICALLY EXCLUSION>Y RE/RICTIONS -- CONCEALS ! LAT5T RADICAL ?RU/ ?AT CAN GIVE A NEW VITALITY TO ! T[NS1 NEI<BORHOODS1 & CITIES AGA9/ ! NATIONAL /ATE4 ,:E!R WE *OOSE T]MS LIKE 0SOCIALISM0 OR 0AN>*ISM0 TO SET 9 CONTRA/ ) SEEM+LY P>O*IAL T]MS LIKE 0MUNICIPALISM10 IT W\LD BE WELL TO REMEMB] ?AT EV5 0SOCIALISM0 & 0AN>*ISM0 HAVE !IR NEGATIVE SIDE IF WE EMPHASIZE ! AU?ORIT>IAN ASPECTS ( ! =M] & ! *RONIC FAILURE ( ! LATT] TO CONSOLIDATE ITSELF ORGANIZATIONALLY 9 MO/ C\NTRIES ( ! WORLD4 ,TRU? ULTIMATELY REMA9S A V]Y ?9 L9E ?AT CAN EASILY ME&] FROM ITS C\RSE4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT1 NO RULES1 DOGMAS1 & TRADITIONS >E SUB/ITUTES = CONSCI\SNESS 4 

,BY ! SAME TOK51 ! MUNICIPALITY MAY EASILY BECOME ! PO9T ( DEP>TURE = A BROAD-BAS$1 DIRECTLY DEMOCRATIC1 TRULY POPUL>1 & HUMANLY SCAL$ CON/ELLATION ( SOCIAL 9/ITUTIONS ?AT BY !IR V]Y LOGIC1 /& 9 %>P OPPOSITION TO 9CREAS+LY ALL P]VASIVE POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONS4 ,?IS MU* IS CLE>3 ! POT5TIAL = A LIB]T>IAN RADICALISM IS 9H]5T 9 ! MUNICIPALITY4 ,IT =MS ! B$ROCK = DIRECT SOCIAL RELATIONS1 FACE-TO-FACE DEMOCRACY1 & ! P]SONAL 9T]V5TION ( ! 9DIVIDUAL1 ! NEI<BORHOOD OR COMMUNE & COOP]ATIVE 9 ! =MATION ( A NEW PUBLIC SPH]E4 ,RESCU$ FROM ITS [N POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONS SU* AS ! MAYORALTY /RUCTURE1 ! CIVIC BUREAUCRACY1 & ITS [N ORGANIZ$ MONOPOLY ( VIOL5CE1 IT /ILL PRES]VES ! HI/ORIC MAT]IALS = A RECON/RUCTION 7& ULTIMATELY1 A TRANSC5D5CE7 ( ! POLLS1 ! FREE M$IEVAL COMMUNE1 ! ,NEW ,5GL& T[N MEET+ SY/EM1 ! ,P>ISIAN SECTIONS1 ! DEC5TRALIZ$ CANTONAL /RUCTURE1 & ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE4 

,TO BE SURE1 9 ITSELF ! MUNICIPALITY IS AS HELPLESS AS A SOCIAL =CE AS A COMMUNE & A COOP]ATIVE4 ,FUR!RMORE1 9S(> AS IT PRES]VES ! POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONS ( ! /ATE1 IT REMA9S NOT M]ELY A SOCIAL 9EFFECTUAL 5TITY BUT A /ATE 9 M9IATURE4 ,BUT 9S(> AS MUNICIPALITIES CONF$]ATE TO =M A NEW SOCIAL NETWORK1 9S(> AS !Y 9T]PRET LOCAL CONTROL TO MEAN FREE POPUL> AS SEMBLIES1 9S(> AS SELF-RELIANCE MEANS ! COLLECTIVIZATION ( RES\RCES1 & F9ALLY 9S(> AS !IR ADM9I/RATIVE COORD9ATION ( COMMON CONC]NS OCCURS ?R\< DEPUTIES -- NOT 0REPRES5TATIVES0 -- :O >E OP5LY *OS5 & M&AT$ BY !IR ASSEMBLIES1 SUBJECT TO ROTATION1 RECALL1 & !IR ACTIVITIES SEV]ELY RE/RICT$ TO ! ADM9I/RATION ( POLICIES ?AT >E ALWAYS DECID$ BY POPUL> ASSEMBLIES !Y CEASE TO BE POLITICAL OR /ATE 9/ITUTIONS 9 ANY S5SE ( ! T]M4 ,A CONF$]ATION ( SU* MUNICIPALITIES -- A ,COMMUNE ( COMMUNES -- IS ! ONLY BROADLY BAS$ ,AN>*I/ SOCIAL MOVEM5T ?AT IS 5VISIONABLE TODAY1 ONE FROM :I* TO LAUN* A TRULY POPUL> MOVEM5T ?AT WILL YIELD ! ABOLITION ( ! /ATE4 ,IT IS ! ONE MOVEM5T ?AT CAN SPEAK TO ! 9CREAS+ DEM&S BY ALL DOM9AT$ SECTORS ( SOCIETY = EMP[]M5T & ALONE PRAGMATICALLY RE/ATES ! RECON/RUCTION ( A LIB]T>IAN COMMUNI/ SOCIETY 9 ! VISC]AL T]MS ( \R PRES5T-DAY SOCIAL PROBLEMATIC -- ! RECOV]Y ( AN EMP[]$ SELFHOOD1 AN AU!NTIC PUBLIC SPH]E1 & AN ACTIVE1 P>TICIPATORY CONCEPT ( CITIZ5%IP4 ,AN>*ISM HAS RAIS$ ! VISION ( ! CONF$]ATION ( MUNICIPALITIES = G5]ATIONS1 P>TLY 9 ! WRIT+S ( ,PR\DHON & MO/ NOTABLY 9 ! WRIT+S ( ,KROPOTK94 ,TRAGICALLY1 ,AN>*I/ !ORI/S ( ! PA/ HAVE BE5 TOO ACUTELY S5SITIVE TO ! POLITICAL TRAPP+S ( CONTEMPOR>Y MUNICIPALITIES TO GIVE FULL ATT5TION TO ! SOCIAL ANATOMY ( ! MUNICIPALITY ?AT LIES B5EA? ITS /ATE-LIKE V5E]4 

,HI/ORICALLY1 ! MUNICIPALITY ITSELF HAS BE5 A BATTLEGR\ND BETWE5 SOCIETY & ! /ATE2 9DE$1 IT HI/ORICALLY ANT$ATES ! /ATE & HAS BE5 9 P]PETUAL CONFLICT ) IT4 ,IT HAS BE5 A BATTLEGR\ND BECAUSE ! /ATE1 UNTIL COMP>ATIVELY REC5TLY1 HAS NEV] FULLY CLAIM$ ! MUNICIPALITY [+ TO ITS RI* SOCIAL LIFE -- ! FAMILY1 GUILDS1 ! ,ECCLESIA1 NEI<BORHOODS1 LOCAL SOCIETIES1 ! SECTIONS1 & T[N MEET+S4 ,!SE RI*LY NUCLEAT$ /RUCTURES1 DESPITE !IR [N 9T]NAL DIVISIONS1 HAVE BE5 /RIK+LY IMP]VI\S TO POLITICAL 9/ITUTIONALIZATION4 ,IRONICALLY1 ! T5SION BETWE5 SOCIETY & /ATE ON ! MUNICIPAL LEVEL NEV] BECAME ! S]I\S ISSUE IT IS TODAY BECAUSE ! 9T]NAL =CES ( ! T[N & NEI<BORHOOD /ILL POSSESS$ ! MAT]IAL1 CULTURAL1 & SPIRITUAL MEANS TO RESI/ ! 9VASIVE T5D5CIES ( POLITICAL =CES4 ,MUNICIPAL LIFE -- RI*LY TEXTUR$ BY FAMILY NETWORKS1 LOCAL LOYALTIES1 PR(ESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS' POPUL> SOCIETIES1 & EV5 CAFES -- PROVID$ A HUMAN REFUGE FROM ! HOMOG5IZ+1 BUREAUCRATIC =CES ( ! /ATE APP>ATUS4 ,TODAY1 ! /ATE1 P>TICUL>LY 9 ! =M ( ! M>KET ECONOMY1 ?REAT5S TO DE/ROY ?IS REFUGE1 & MUNICIPALISM HAS BECOME ! MO/ SIGNIFICANT T]RA9 = ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! /ATE ON NONPOLITICAL GR\NDS4 ,! V]Y CONCEPT ( CITIZ5%IP1 NOT M]ELY ( CIVIC AUTONOMY1 IS AT /AKE 9 ?IS CONFLICT4 

,IT IS CRUCIAL AT ?IS TIME = ANY ,AN>*I/ MOVEM5T ?AT SEEKS TO BE SOCIALLY RELEVANT TO ! UNIQUE NATURE ( ! ,AM]ICAN ,CRISIS TO RECOGNIZE ! MEAN+ & SIGNIFICANCE ( ! CIVIC T]RA9 - TO EXPLORE1 DEVELOP1 & HELP RECON/ITUTE ITS SOCIAL B$ROCK4 ,URBAN POLITICS IS NOT =$OOM$ TO BECOME /ATE POLITICS4 ,= AN ,AN>*I/ TO BECOME A ,M9I/] ( ,HEAL? OR A ,M9I/] ( ,JU/ICE 9 A REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T IS UNP>DONABLE4 ,BUT = AN ,AN>*I/ TO HELP ORGANIZE A NEI<BORHOOD ASSEMBLY1 TO ADVANCE ITS CONSCI\S NESS ALONG LIB]T>IAN L9ES1 TO RAISE DEM&S = ! RECALL & ROTATION ( DEPUTIES *OS5 BY ! ASSEMBLY1 TO DRAW CLE> DI/9CTIONS BETWE5 POLICY =MULATION & ADM9I/RATIVE COORD9ATION1 *ALL5GE CIVIC BUREAUCRATISM 9 EV]Y =M1 TO $UCATE ! COMMUNITY 9 COLLECTIVISM & MUTUAL AID1 F9ALLY1 TO FO/] CONF$]AL RELATIONS BETWE5 ASSEMBLIES )9 A MUNICIPALITY & BETWE5 MUNICIPALITIES 9 OP5 DEFIANCE ( ! NATIONAL /ATE -- ?IS PROGRAM CON/ITUTES AN ,AN>*I/ 0POLITICS0 ?AT1 BY ITS V]Y LOGIC1 YIELDS ! NEGATION ( POLITICS4 ,= ,AN>*I/S TO /& = ELECTION - YES1 LET US USE ! WORD OP5LY -- ) A VIEW T[>D REWRIT+ ! CIVIC *>T]S ( ,AM]ICAN CITIES & T[NS ALONG ! L9ES ( ?IS PROGRAM -- IS NO DIFF]5T 9 PR9CIPLE ?AN -= ,AN>*I/S TO /& = ELECTION 9 WORK%OPS & LABOR ORGANIZATIONS ) A VIEW T[>D CREAT+ AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ UNIONS4 ,! DIFF]5CE 9 VIEWS IS NOT OV] :E!R ,AN>*I/S >E /&+ = 0ELECTION0 OR :E!R !Y >E 5GAG$ 9 POLITICS4 ,! REAL DIFF]5CE IS :E!R ! T]RA9 ( !IR 0ELECTIONE]+01 & !IR 0POLITICS0 IS 9 A /ATE SPH]E OR A SOCIAL SPH]E4 ,! TRADITIONAL SYNDICALI/ >GUM5T ?AT IT IS P]FECTLY VALID = LIB]T>IANS TO /& = ELECTIONS 9 WORK%OPS & UNIONS IS BUILT ON ! V]Y DUBI\S PRESUPPOSITION ?AT !SE SPH]E /& \TSIDE ! /ATE APP>ATUS & REMA9 )9 A REVOLUTION>Y >5A4 ,!Y ASSUME 9 ! FACE ( 9CREAS+LY QUE/IONABLE REALITIES ?AT WORK%OP & UNION1 AS CLASS ORGANIZATIONS1 >E NEI!R /ATE NOR B\RGEOIS 9/ITUTIONS4 ,TO CLOSE DISC\RSE ON !SE ISSUES BY VIEW+ CIVIC ACTIVITIES AS A CAPITULATION TO B\RGEOIS POLITICS IS TO IGNORE V]Y COMPELL+ REALITIES AB\T ! CIVIC SPH]E ITSELF -- OR TO USE MORE TRADITIONAL AN>*I/IC T]MS1 ! COMMUNIT>IAN SPH]E ITSELF4 ,AS A RESULT1 EXT]NALITIES SU* AS 0ELECTIONS10 0DEPUTIES10 & 0COORD9ATION0 >E REMOV$ FROM ! CONTEXT 9 :I* !Y ACQUIRE MEAN+ & CONT5T4 ,!Y BECOME FREE-FLOAT+ AUTONOM\S T]MS ?AT DET]M9E POLICY )\T ! FLE% ( REALITY & 9SI<T4 

,?IS MU* IS CLE>3 ! FACTORIES 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES >E VIRTUALLY QUIESC5T :ILE ! CITIES1 P>TICUL>LY ! <ETTOES & NEI<BORHOODS >E NOT4 ,TODAY1 ,AM]ICAN WORK]S CAN BE REA*$ MORE READILY & RECEPTIVELY AS NEI<BORS & CITIZ5S ?AN AS WAGE E>N]S 9 FACTORIES -- A SITUATION ?AT BR+S MANY ISSUES REG>D + ! ,AM]ICAN WORK+ CLASS 9TO S]I\S QUE/ION4 ,W]E ,AN>*I/ GR\PS 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES -- RE/+ ON !IR #a#i? C5TURY TRADITIONS1 !IR LI<TLY HELD ANTI-/ATISM1 & !IR ECONOMISM -- TO IGNORE ! HI/ORIC CONFLICT BETWE5 SOCIAL LOCALITIES CALL$ T[NS1 NEI<BORHOODS1 & CITIES ON ! ONE SIDE & ! /ATE ON ! O!R1 !Y WILL HAVE E>N$ !IR BLACK FLAGS -- NOT AS BANN]S ( PROTE/1 BUT AS %R\DS4 ,! DEM>CATION BETWE5 AN>*ISM & /ATISM MU/ ALWAYS BE CLE> BUT SO1 TOO1 MU/ ! DEM>CATION BETWE5 SOCIETY & ! /ATE OR ELSE WE WILL NEV] KN[ ! T]RA9 ON :I* ! BATTLE IS TO BE F\<T4 ,9 ! HI/ORIC CRISIS ?AT CONFRONTS US1 :I* PUBLIC LIFE ITSELF ?REAT5S TO FADE AWAY1 ! RECREATION ( ! PUBLIC SPH]E -- HUMANLY SCAL$1 DIRECTLY DEMOCRATIC1 & COMPOS$ ( ACTIVE CITIZ5S -- IS P]HAPS ! MO/ PRESS+ RESPONSIBILITY ( \R TIME4 ,= )\T ?AT PUBLIC SPH]E1 A SPH]E ?AT MU/ HAVE CIVIC TANGIBILITY & SUB/ANCE IF IT IS TO EXI/ AS MORE ?AN A METAPHOR -- ! V]Y CONDITIONS & SUB/ANCE = PROTE/ WILL HAVE DISAPPE>$4 

-- ,MURRAY ,BOOK*9  

 ,AUGU/ #a#e1 #aih 

,NOTE3 ,! WRIT] IS PLEAS$ TO NOTE ?AT A NEW BOOK1 ,T[>D AN ,ECOLOGICAL ,SOCIETY IS CURR5TLY 9 PRESS & WILL BE PUBLI%$ %ORTLY BY ,BLACK ,ROSE ,BOOKS1 #ciha ,/E4 ,LAUR5T ,/41 ,MONTREAL ,H#b,W #a,Y#e 7F\R? FLOOR71 ,QUEBEC1 ,CANADA4 ,?IS VOLUME WILL CONTA9 MO/ ( ! >TICLES HE HAS WRITT5 9 ! #gS1 9CLUD+ ?OSE ON ECOLOGY1 URBANISM1 & ,M>XISM4 ,! BOOK WILL BE AVAILABLE = @s#h 7PO/AGE FREE74 

,COPYRI<T 7,C7 #aih BY ,C,O,M,M,5,T ,P,U,B,L,I,%,+ ,P,R,O,J,E,C,T4 ,$ITOR & ,PUBLI%]3 ,MURRAY ,BOOK*94 ,SUBSCRIPTION PRICE3 @s#e = SEV5 ISSUES4 ,PLEASE ADDRESS ALL *ECKS & CORRESPOND5CE TO ,C,O,M,M,5,T AT ! PO/ (FICE ON ! MA/ HEAD4 

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